Lavington Green, Elmolo Drive, Off James Gichuru Road P.O. Box 21211 - 00100 Tel: +254 020 434 8246 Mobile: 0716 430 333, 0735 501 450 Fax: +254 020 434 8250 Facebook: NRC Horn of Africa & Yemen 2015 Website: www.nrc.no ANNUAL REPORT

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen I The Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) is an independent, humanitarian non-governmental organisation which provides assistance, protection and durable solutions to refugees and internally-displaced persons worldwide.

Our Vision:

Rights Respected, People Protected

Our Core Values:

Accountability, Dedication, Inclusiveness, Innovation

Overall Strategic Objective for Horn of Africa Region:

A greater number of vulnerable people in hard-to-reach areas get access to humanitarian assistance, become resilient to future disasters and find durable solutions

NRC Core Competencies

Editor-in-Chief: Gabriella Waaijman NRC operates through 6 specialised Editors: Wairimu Munyinyi and Nashon Tado programme areas, referred to as Design and Layout: Colourprint Ltd core competencies which inform our programmes. Programme delivery Published: May 2016 is supported by the Monitoring and Evaluation, Advocacy, Front cover photo: Karl Schembri Communication, Finance, Logistics Photos: ©Norwegian Refugee Council and Human Resources functions. Protection is mainstreamed across all the programmes.

II2 AnnuAnnuaall RReporteport 20152015 Foreword ...... 4 C o n t e n t s NRC Operations in the Horn of Africa ...... 6 Mixed migration a growing concern...... 8

Living our Mission-The Delivery of Core Competencies...... 10

Somalia: Building resilient communities...... 11 4 Kenya: Durable solutions for refugees and IDPs...... 15

Yemen: Reaching out to the most vulnerable...... 18

8 Djibouti: Assistance to vulnerable communities...... 22

Eritrea: Scaling up educational programmes...... 24 South Sudan: Protracted violence despite peace deals....26 11 Uganda: Assistance to refugees in West Nile region...... 29

Ethiopia: Large-scale response to refugee crisis...... 31

A bold advocate in the region ...... 35

15 Partnerships and initiatives...... 37 Financial Overview...... 40

Operational Outputs 2015 ...... 41

18

22 25

29 31 37

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 3 Foreword By the Regional Director lives is not enough. People want to live in dignity and be the custodians of Dear friends, their own destiny. It is gratifying to see a greater emphasis being placed on NRC continued to deliver life-saving equipping refugees with the skills and assistance to displaced persons confidence to face the future. As you in humanitarian situations across read on, you will meet Monica Lul, one the region, often contending with of our youth education graduates from security and access challenges Kakuma, an only female student in her from Somalia to Yemen and South electrical class, who attended classes Sudan, but driven by a commitment diligently, with her child strapped on towards easing the suffering of her back, until completion. Hers is a crisis affected people and the story of resilience and determination, desire to be part of the change played out over and over again across towards durable solutions. the region.

Another year has gone by and I We responded to two large-scale am honoured to present to you our emergencies in the region. While annual report for 2015 highlighting populations in South Sudan were our achievements, lessons learnt and still trying to come to terms with offering glimpses of our collective the day-to-day realities of civil ambition in the Horn of Africa, war in their country; the lives of South Sudan, Uganda and Yemen. civilians in Yemen abruptly changed With approximately 95 Million US in April 2015 when a simmering Dollars and more than 2,000 staff conflict erupted into an all-out war in 8 countries in 29 field locations

engulfing the country. And whereas NRC/Patrick Akena we touched the lives of close to 2 expectations for peace and stability million people, half a million more broken when some of them moved on in Somalia remain high, the road than we did in 2014. We diversified with smugglers in the night. towards it is a difficult and sometimes our programming to place greater very dangerous one. These emphasis on restoring dignity in South Sudan is the world’s youngest emergencies feed into the paradoxes addition to saving lives; and we State, formed with a lot of goodwill that the world is faced with today. We expanded our partner and donor base and promise. Sadly, South Sudan witnessed population movements in in order to be able to reach more has remained embroiled in conflict, all directions; we assisted refugees people in need, with greater quality with millions displaced as a result. fleeing from Yemen into Djibouti programmes. NRC lost two colleagues in 2015 and Somalia while others crossed as a result of the conflict and into Yemen en-route to the Middle I returned from a youth vocational insecurities. It is with a heavy heart East; we supported refugees from skills graduation ceremony in Kakuma, that we remember Gatkuoth Gawar Kenya moving back to Somalia; while Kenya in late December 2015 and Chuol, who joined NRC in 2015 and responding to new displacement in seeing how very proud our students tragically passed away in May 2015 Somalia; we provided shelter and are with their certificates remains when violence broke out in Leer; and protection for young Eritrean children deeply humbling. It shows that saving Charles Korsuk Koboji, who has been in Sire, and found ourselves heart

4 Annual Report 2015 During a visit to Nyumanzi settlement in northern Uganda, the Regional Director joined refugees from South Sudan in learning hair and beauty techniques. with NRC since 2007 and sadly lost through direct implementation or that NRC strives to present to her his life in December 2015 when shot through partnership. We ended 2015 beneficiaries. by an unknown gunman in Juba. on a high note, with a high-level event co-hosted with Safaricom Ltd The work of NRC would not be As the year came to a close, the (the lead mobile network operator possible without the dedicated drought situation in Ethiopia and in Kenya) that explored partnership support of our staff, programme Somalia got worse, adding to the with the private sector. It is exciting partners and donors. Therefore, I humanitarian needs in the region. to see what more we can do in thank you all and look forward to an While agencies like NRC are doing 2016 to enrich lives together. Out of even better 2016, as we continue with all they can to meet these needs, this partnership, the beautiful story our work in the Horn of Africa region. the need for a long-lasting solution of Monica Lul continues; she now cannot be reinstated enough. stands to benefit from a placement with a Safaricom partner. Often we Gabriella Waaijman In 2016, we will continue our aim to can do more for our beneficiaries by Regional Director reach people in some of the most simply connecting the dots. These are NRC Horn of Africa, South Sudan, difficult places in the region, either the small, yet promising opportunities Uganda and Yemen

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 5 6 Annual Report 2015 Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 7 Mixed Migration a Growing Concern nternational attention to the ongoing mixed migration situation in Ithe Mediterranean Sea has recently increased in the wake of several disasters linked to people crossing the sea. The combined death toll of close to 3,000 migrants in a series of disasters occurring in 2015 is part of an escalating trend of preventable deaths. Among these incidents was the worst single ship-wreck tragedy ever on record involving the death of an estimated 800 migrants. Displacement and migration have such as risk of capsizing in the Red become a reality for an increasing Sea, smuggling cartels, blockade number of people in the greater along the Saudi border and Horn of Africa and Yemen. As airstrikes in Yemen. Between March of September 2015 more than and September 2015 an upwards 100,000 people had fled Yemen of 10,000 people, mainly Ethiopians to neighbouring countries across had still attempted the perilous the Horn of Africa and the Middle journey. Photo: Contrasto/Marco Gualazzini East. Historically, the Horn of Africa and Yemen has seen four The main drivers of mixed migration migration routes, an eastern, across the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Enhancing its durable western, southern and northern Mediterranean Sea and other programming in 2015, route. Migrants traversing Djibouti bordering areas on land and sea NRC reached 647,192 include search for asylum in the people with Food hope for a better life, escape from Security interventions, threatening social and political 616,304 with WASH, 1,924,435: Number of conditions, climate change and 317,697 with Shelter, people that received environmental degradation and 198,898 with Education direct humanitarian attempts to re-unite with relatives. and 107,860 with ICLA. assistance in the Horn Conflicts in a number of countries of Africa in 2015, including Yemen, South Sudan and including 357,074 in Somalia, political and economic Yemen and 676,802 in instability, human rights violations South Sudan. and poverty coupled with diminishing Towards durable livelihood opportunities have been solutions strong push factors forcing large Globally more than 60 million into Yemen are mostly from Eritrea populations into the migration people are displaced; more than and Ethiopia who aspire to cross corridors. NRC is developing a ever before. As of 31st December into Saudi Arabia. In 2015, this mixed migrations strategy to inform 2015, 40.8 million were reported movement remained active despite its programming and influencing to have been displaced due to presence of obstacles and threats work, in 2016.

8 Annual Report 2015 NRC is putting more emphasis on reforming various operational and programming practices, with stronger investment in risk management, environmental and energy efficient use of resources. conflict and violence, according to already displaced, this number will practises. Good examples are the IDMC 2016 report. In the Horn, continue to grow. stronger investment in risk South Sudan, Yemen and Uganda management, stronger investment 5,430,000 people were displaced Policies and practices, as well in national staff capacity, during this period. This is the biggest as the way humanitarian work is new partnerships and better challenge of our lifetime. Without financed, often hinder the ability environmental and energy efficient finding solutions for those that are to find solutions for the displaced. use of programming resources. The notion that displacement is temporary is challenged by reality. Under our emergency An example of NRC’s People are on average displaced for response programmes, commitment to 20 years. NRC reached 241,000 durable energy and IDPs outside protection environmentally friendly As part of our current strategy, bases in South Sudan with programming, is the NRC in the Horn, South Sudan, food and non-food items. installation of a hybrid Uganda and Yemen is taking up the In Yemen, NRC reached solar water pumping challenged to do more for people 40,900 people with cash facility in Dadaab with in hard-to-reach areas in getting based programmes under capacity of 280000 litres access to humanitarian assistance, the emergency response; in per day, the highest in becoming resilient to future disasters Ethiopia NRC reached 7,000 Africa. and finding durable solutions. drought affected people. This includes reforming various operational and programming

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 9 Living our Mission The Delivery of Core Competencies

RC translates its mission into reality through the delivery of programmes and projects anchored on Nour core competencies in the eight countries: Kenya, Somalia, Ethiopia, South Sudan, Uganda, Djibouti, Eritrea and Yemen. In 2015, NRC through its delivery of programmes reached over half a million more people across the eight countries than it did in 2014.

The needs in the Horn of Africa grew, driven by the escalating conflict in Yemen and South Sudan. The region also supported Administration, 4, 4% opposite population movement trends, with the Voluntary Other, 5, 5% Repatriation Programme in Kenya marking the first organised return of Somali refugees to the place of ICLA, 5, 5% origin, in decades. The Yemen war produced new population movement trends with Somali refugees, who had initially sought refuge in Yemen, being forced Shelter, 20, 21% to return to Somalia in search of safety. Notable was NRC’s engagement in Housing Land and Property (HLP) rights in Somalia, where new frontiers were realised Food Security, 22, 23% with the issuance of land deeds to IDPs in Baidoa and Water Sanitation and Kismayo faced with the threat of forced evictions. This Hygiene, 16, 17% HLP engagement showed that more can be done in hard to reach areas, going beyond basic needs to address some of the root causes of displacement. Education, 24, 25% The delivery of our core competencies is made possible by the kind support of our donors. NRC remains com- mitted to ensuring that we spend most of our resources in areas where the needs are greatest, at beneficiary level.

COUNTRY Data Country Male Beneficiaries Female Beneficiaries Total Somalia 213,000 234,129 447,129 Kenya 175,114 281,045 456,159 Yemen 167,376 174,087 341,463 Djibouti 10,475 12,076 22,551 South Sudan 165,510 209,448 374,958 Uganda 5,230 3,608 8,838 Ethiopia 117,189 168,921 286,110 853,894 1,083,314 1,937,208 Table of Beneficiaries per Country

10 Annual Report 2015 Somalia

Besides emergency assistance such as building shelters for displaced populations, the durable solutions approach ensures that vulnerable communities are provided with the tools that strengthen their resilience to future shocks. Photo: Contrasto/Marco Gualazzini

Building Resilient Communities uring 2015, an estimated 4.9 million people in Somalia were in need of life-saving and livelihoods support Dand 1.1 million remained internally displaced while over 1.2 million were living as refugees across the Horn of Africa and Yemen. Although the rainfall improved in 2015, about 731,000 Somalis continued to face acute food insecurity, the vast majority being IDPs. Insecurity remained a hard nut to an increase in food prices. livelihoods, NRC adopted to crack, with access to critical NRC’s strategic priority in 2015 participatory approaches to its locations hampered particularly was to ensure that displaced and programming. This involved in southern and central Somalia, vulnerable populations in Somalia, improved assessment methods, impeding needs assessments, including those hard to reach, beneficiary selection, owner-driven delivery of humanitarian supplies, continued to have access to timely shelter strategies and community and response monitoring. Inter-clan humanitarian assistance as well as driven education, Water, Sanitation conflict and militia group blockades durable solutions. As a measure of and Hygiene (WASH) and Food in rural areas disrupted trade flows, enhancing resilience programming Security programmes. causing market deficits and leading in Somalia and building sustainable

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 11 Somalia

of paralegals supported South Central Housing Land and The Building Resilient Communities Property cases in Baidoa, in Somalia (BRCiS) programme was Dolow, Kismayo and a key entry point in strengthening Mogadishu. 6 Community capacity of local communities to Dispute Resolution resist and absorb minor shocks (CDR) committees that often result into wide-spread consisting of both host humanitarian catastrophes when and internally displaced unattended to. Using long-term community members engagement with communities, early were established at response and mitigation strategies settlement level to ensure created opportunities for better community ownership of coping mechanisms. legal assistance and CDR approaches. A bi-annual Guided by the 10 November 2013 Eviction Risk Map report Tripartite Agreement, the Voluntary was used by NRC and Repatriation Programme commenced the Protection Cluster to in 2015 resulted in 4,339 refugees identify the likelihood of

systematically leaving the Dadaab Photo: NRC/Abdalla Hashi evictions, mostly in South refugee camp in Kenya assisted Central Somalia. “Plumbing skills are scarce in Kismayo, yet and returning back to Somalia. The there is a big demand arising from modern safe areas of return identified by Solar powered water housing projects. My parents are aging and UNHCR included Luuq, Kismayu, systems were installed I am lucky that I can face the challenges Baidoa, Mogadishu, Dhobley, Dollow, in Dollow, Baidoa and that the future holds armed with my new Beletweyne, Wajiid and Jowhar. Mogadishu resulting into skills”, says Bilal, vocational training learner NRC partnered with UNHCR in reduction in operation and in Kismayo. Bilal started working at a very Kenya through help-desk information maintenance costs and young age, helping his mother earning some dissemination on return areas, improving the reliability money to feed the family. allowing refugees to make informed of the safe water supply decisions. NRC scaled up its support to beneficiaries. Cash in areas of return, to help find durable In total 494 trainees completed transfers, undertaken solutions for returnees, IDPs and vocational courses in Baidoa, jointly with food security programmes vulnerable members of the host Dollow, Kismayo and Mogadishu helped to fund the daily water community. under the Youth Education Pack consumption costs for the programme and received business beneficiaries during the initial phase NRC took the lead on forced eviction start-up toolkits facilitating easier of displacements, resulting into monitoring and tracking. Information, entry into the job market. improved water consumption per Counselling and Legal Assistance household. (ICLA) documented more than 130 forceful evictions affecting 126,195 Puntland NRC established new vocational Shallow wells equipped with hand individuals mainly in Mogadishu, training centres targeting young pumps were installed in areas with Kismayo and Baidoa. A network people in Dollo and Kismayo. high probability of saline water intrusion

12 Annual Report 2015 and shallow fresh aquifers. Fresh water supply, latrine construction and hygiene promotion activities were critical in controlling spread of water- borne diseases.

23,344 people received shelter support in Puntland with activities varying from construction of permanent and transitional shelters, provision of emergency shelter kits and distribution of non-food item kits. Promoting alternative sources of energy: Somalia is blessed with abundant Overall, food security sunlight and NRC has been on the fore-front in promoting the use of solar support helped in sustaining energy to light homes. incomes and employment Photo: Contrasto/Marco Gualazzini opportunities and conserving With the arrival of more Yemeni “Home is where my the environment in Nugul and Bari refugees in Berbera, information regions of Puntland, while the and counselling desks under the heart belongs” use of cash transfers boosted the Information, Counselling and After nine years living at the Dadaab local economy. “We are able to Legal Assistance programme were refugee camp in Kenya, Hawa and make choices on what to purchase established at entry points to respond one of her sons have finally returned instead of being given pre-selected rapidly to the needs of new arrivals. to Baidoa, Somalia, to reunite with products”, says Omar a beneficiary her two children who remained in from Salaxley in Garowe District. Somali nationals returning from Yemen as a result of the crisis received Somalia. In 2005, Hawa and four of information through focus group her children had abandoned their Somaliland learning in Hargeisa and Borama, home fleeing conflict. Together, they Food Security activities targeted addressing security of land tenure. crossed the border into Kenya as vulnerable populations in Sool, conflict in the Bay Region escalated. Sanaag, Waqooyi Galbeed Populations in Las Anood received They settled at Hagadera in Dadaab and Awdal settlements through transitional shelters and non-food refugee camp. Her husband had unconditional cash transfers, income items, whereas in Berbera, NRC been killed during the conflict leaving generating activities, small-scale rehabilitated dormitories. 9,475 her to raise their children on her own. business training and provision of refugees living at a transit centre in inputs. Training on nutrition, hygiene Berbera were provided with latrines, When information reached her that and environmental conservation shower units, water storage units and some parts of Somalia had been provided trainees with knowledge garbage disposal facilities. Family pacified by security agencies, she and skills that enabled them improve shared latrines helped in reducing regained the courage to return, their living conditions. open defecation in the settlements. motivated by the desire to improve

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 13 Somalia

without discrimination and seek to prosper in their lives”.

She is one of the beneficiaries of NRC’s shelter construction project being supported in the areas of return. The land ownership process has been negotiated with support from the NRC HLP project.

“Life in Dadaab refugee camp for me was full of uncertainty; I did not have any hopes or dreams. For that reason, I am not going back to Dadaab, unless Baidoa becomes too Photo: NRC/Abdirisak Aden threatening for me to live in. Hawa and her family happy to be back home My grandchildren are benefiting from free education her community in Baidoa. When the remedies through legal methods. A and hopefully, I will continue to opportunity to return was presented total of 716 households from Kenya get humanitarian support here and to her in December 2014, she faced and 210 urban returnees within most importantly I wish to be buried her fears and decided to register Somalia have been supported at here when I die”, says Hawa. for voluntary return. Eventually, way-stations of Dhobley, Baidoa she managed to safely go back to and Mogadishu. “There is a need to support her hometown traveling the 882 returnees beyond the return Kilometers by road to Baidoa. Back at home package and decentralise support Hawa says that life in Somalia to reach their villages of origin. Her return was made possible is different from Dadaab refugee This is necessary in development through the assistance of the UN camp in Kenya. She is happy to and humanitarian programming High Commission for Refugees return home, she says that home is in Somalia in order to avoid a (UNHCR) as part of a pilot always where the heart is, “it is not relapse into new refugee and project for safe and voluntary a bed of roses, but I live a normal internal displacement situations. return to Somalia, as well as the life. My son has been struggling to We need to mitigate further reintegration of Somali refugees in get daily work at the marketplace displacement possibilities and Kenya. Through its Housing, Land and I have my share of challenges accelerate reintegration with the and Property (HLP) component, having to provide for the needs host communities”, says Ahmed The NRC in Somalia has been of my family. However, It is very Ali, NRC‘s ICLA Project Officer in supporting the initiative by providing fulfilling to know that my children Baidoa. returnees with information on will grow up among their own kin villages of origin, HLP rights and

14 Annual Report 2015 Kenya Durable solutions for refugees and lDPs here were 349,280 refugees Tliving in Dadaab as of October 2015. Insecurity linked to terrorist activities remained a major challenge with frequent security incidents reported. Kakuma refugee camp located in the North of Kenya, 900 kilometres from Nairobi capital continued to swell as a result of refugees fleeing South Sudan. The total population rose to 183,489 in December 2015, with 46,653 refugees registered since December 2013 when the South Sudan conflict erupted. 50% of refugees in Kakuma originate Photo: NRC/Nashon Tado from South Sudan while 30% are NRC completed installation of a third solar-powered borehole system Somali refugees. The remaining equipped with 278 solar panels and 69.5 Kilowatt power rating located at 20% is made up of different Hagadera section of Dadaab. The facility is capable of providing 20,000 nationalities. refugees with a daily average of 280,000 litres of potable water.

n June 2015, an agreement was management services and vector a set up that could respond to mass Ireached between the Turkana control, latrine construction and returns. In advocacy messages, County administration, UNHCR hygiene promotion were also part of NRC stressed that sending refugees and other humanitarian actors for interventions. to conflict affected areas without the allocation of land at Kalobeyei enabling conditions such as land, for a new refugee settlement. 4,339 Somali refugees from the livelihood access, conflict mitigation The Kalobeyei initiative presents five camp sections in Dadaab had and basic services, could be a a strong case for integration returned to Somalia by end of 2015 serious risk resulting in rights abuses of refugees with support from as part of the 2013 legal framework which could lead to secondary devolved government and host for the safe and dignified voluntary displacement. There are 5 Return communities. repatriation for Somali refugees signed Help Desks in Dadaab, namely by the Government of Kenya, the Kambioos, Hagadera, Ifo main, Ifo 2 Dadaab refugee camp Government of Somalia and UNHCR. and Dagahley. NRC was the lead agency in WASH The returnees were provided with NRC provided access to nutritional in Hagadera and Kambioos sub- cash grants as NRC continued to food rations to 128,300 vulnerable camps in Dadaab, responsible for advocate for safe, voluntary and refugees in Hagadera and Kambioos maintenance and improvement of dignified returns reminding all camps through general food water provision channels. Solid waste stakeholders that there was not yet distribution of cereals, pulses,

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 15 Kenya vegetable cooking oil and salt. Complementary Corn Soya blend that is rich in protein was also provided for targeted feeding for children below five years, to curb cases of malnutrition. The food provided by the WFP was distributed twice a month, between January and April 2015. Besides food distribution, NRC supported livelihood recovery needs through material grant support to livelihood groups and skills enhancement in small business management and financial management. Groups involved in greenhouse farming, production of ice and plastic shredding were supported and reported improved

incomes. Photo: NRC/Nashon Tado Monica Lul carries her 8-month old child to class every morning to Kakuma refugee camp attend electrical installation classes. “I have seen what knowledge NRC became the lead agency in and skills can do to transform an individual. Education provides a new water, sanitation and hygiene in beginning”, she says. Kakuma, supporting activities such as construction of 5,243 family and numeracy training. The as food stuffs of their own choice latrines, 400 communal latrines, 7 construction process for the centre from selected dealers and enhanced block latrines in schools and public utilised available synergies with the efficiency by reducing the manual sensitisation about good hygiene shelter team handling construction workload by aid partners as well practices. Solar safe water treatment while the WASH team worked with as resulting in 50% reduction in the kits contributed to the improvement of the host community agriculture cycles of food distribution. Bamba water sanitation standards including trainees in installation of a hand Chakula is implemented directly reduction of cholera cases among pump. by WFP. NRC played a secondary 94,310 people in Turkana West Sub role in the joint market assessment, County. NRC partnered with UNHCR NRC in partnership with World traders profiling, and information in supervision of hydrogeological Food Programme distributed 5,638 dissemination. and geophysical surveys at the new metric tonnes of food during 12 proposed refugee settlement camp at cycles of distribution. A new WFP Mandera concept titled ‘Bamba chakula’ was Kalobeyei. Through advocacy initiatives, introduced where 10% of food rations NRC engaged Mandera County were converted to cash and sent A youth training center in Kakuma-4 Government and members of directly to recipients through M-Pesa benefitted 2,076 people through the County Steering Group who mobile money platform. This allowed vocational skills, computer, literacy improved service delivery to IDPs. beneficiaries to redeem the cash

16 Annual Report 2015 the cash transfer support for women. In Mandera East, NRC supported vocational training in Mandera Youth Polytechnic where 180 students were trained in areas such as masonry, welding, panel beating, wiring, motor vehicle mechanics and beauty therapy. The new site located at Elwak in Mandera South is home to 1,000 IDPs where NRC supported cash transfers and sanitation and hygiene programmes.

Photo: NRC/Nashon Tado NRC chaired the NGO Forum made up of all active humanitarian actors Monica Lul tries her hand at assembling an electrical system at the implementing projects in Mandera Kakuma Youth Education Programme centre. “The fear of getting County. Through this Forum, NGOs electrocuted has gradually subsided”, she says. share information, coordinate response activities and common The first latrines were established at activities. Support programme for concerns. NRC is also a member Dar-Al-Salaam IDP camp in Rhamu men succeeded in purchasing of the County Steering Group and to improve levels of hygiene and donkeys and donkey carts for male is considered a reliable partner on sanitation. beneficiaries. This served to facilitate issues pertaining to IDPs. inclusion and reduce resistance to The area of coverage was expanded beyond Rhamu in Mandera North to Elwak, in Mandera South. Rhamu hosts the largest number of IDPs at 3,752 families. NRC was the lead agency in supporting livelihood programmes through unconditional cash transfer and support to 33 women’s groups through conditional cash grants each receiving Photo: NRC/Nashon Tado 1,853 US Dollars for Refugees receiving information at a return help desk in Kambioos, Dadaab refugee camp. income generating

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 17

Yemen Reaching out to the most vulnerable ith 21.2 million people, Wor approximately 82% of the population, in need of humanitarian assistance and protection, Yemen is now considered the biggest humanitarian crisis in the world within a single country. The number of internally displaced persons has risen to more than 1.4 million while 14.4 million have remained food insecure. Prior to the conflict, Yemen was the seventh most water-scarce country in the world. The crisis resulted in 19.3 million people, or 75% of the population, requiring access to safe drinking water and sanitation.

Political differences triggered Photo: NRC Yemen an escalation of conflict in early been lost and over 28,200 people homes and reduce their vulnerability 2015 after the Ansar Allah group, seriously injured. The continued by living in more secure, dignified popularly referred to as the Houthis conflict also poses serious risks of environments. There was an took control over large parts of the exacerbating divisions within the improved access to shelters either in country. The militia group continued Yemeni society with ramifications in the temporary shelters provided or in to advance towards the South into the Middle East region. rented houses. Aden, a strategic coastal entry point into the country. Triggered by this Abyan, Aden and Access to clean drinking water for expansion, in late March 2015, the daily consumption is critical to avoid Kingdom of Saudi Arabia leading a Dhamar Governorates diseases and epidemics. NRC coalition of nine countries, mostly The escalation of conflict in Yemen provided water trucking services from the Gulf region, launched a resulted in a dire need for the and distributed hygiene and dignity series of indiscriminate air strikes provision of emergency temporary kits to displaced populations in impacting 20 out of 22 governorates. shelters and relief items for the Aden complemented by hygiene displaced populations. People and awareness campaigns, helping Nine months of conflict has taken an whose homes were destroyed to minimise spread of water-borne unacceptable toll on civilians’ lives during air strikes received cash infections. and basic rights. 5,970 lives have support to help them rent alternative

18 Annual Report 2015 salt. Beside direct food distribution, a cash package was provided where markets were functioning, allowing people to choose the food they needed and purchase from the local market. 21,140 people received unconditional cash for food. Post- distribution surveys showed that 66% of the cash was spent on food and the remainder was spent on essential non-food items, paying debts and health care.

The escalation of conflict in Yemen led to widespread displacement of populations. There are no IDP camps set up for displaced Even as airstrikes hit parts of Yemen, NRC populations in Yemen, which means remained active providing cash support and displaced populations are living clean water to displaced and vulnerable either in make-shift shelters, in populations in hard-to-reach areas like public buildings, renting or sharing Hodeidah, Harradh in the north and Aden with families. and Abyan in the South of Yemen. Where appropriate, NRC provided NRC has supported displacement- gain access to basic needs through vulnerable households with rental affected communities to attain food local purchase. Monthly cash grants subsidies to enable them access security and resilience by providing were disbursed in periods ranging appropriate shelter. The rental cash transfers, supporting farm and from 3 to 5 months. It was observed subsidies to IDPs living with non-farm based livelihood training that families supported with cash relatives or friends in urban centres and distributing farming inputs. grants to purchase food and those helped ease the pressure on the supported through food distribution host families. Amran, Hajja, had improved their daily food rations from one to two or three meals per NRC focused on providing safe and Hodeidah day and reported improvement in drinking water and hygiene kits Governorates the variety of food type consumed. in Amran, Hajja and Hodeidah, together with hygiene promotion. Despite the challenges in access, The main activities conducted NRC responded in the first week of In partnership with World Food were emergency water trucking, April to the new needs as one of the Programme, NRC provided IDP installation of water storage tanks, first aid organisations. Emergency households in Sanaa’a capital with and distribution of ceramic water cash programming enabled food rations, with one food basket filters, hygiene kits and hygiene vulnerable households to receive containing wheat flour, pulses, promotion campaigns. cash grants and an opportunity to cooking oil, blended soya, sugar and

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 19 Yemen

arrived at the foot of the hill to our neighbourhood I let go of our gas cylinder and tried reaching home, but couldn’t get through. Everyone was fleeing in a panic, families with children. They fled their houses.

“My wife was very distressed. My daughter Tahani was outside. When I arrived a neighbour told me my daughter was together with his so I told him to take care of her while I went inside. I entered and it was a disaster. It was full of dust and debris. My wife was very tired because of her illness (kidney failure). I Photo: NRC/Karl Schembri gathered them (my wife and Sabah using papers collected from the streets to cook as she can not afford children) and we decided to cooking gas. walk towards a school.”

explosion in our neighbourhood, but Mahmoud said: “Before the From happiness to all of Sana’a was being bombed. war I worked as a tailor. After the misery war I lost my job. I spent four months Mahmoud Zeid and his wife Sabah I was with Mohammed at the gas without work, work went down speak of the day that they had to flee distribution point and planes were drastically, maybe three or four days their home in July 2015 following an bombing the area. The planes were and then nothing. airstrike close to their neighbourhood bombing everywhere. Then we got in Jabal Al Nugm. Zeid used to work missiles raining on us, I don’t know This is largely because of the as a tailor but since the war and what they were, Tomahawks? Scud? electricity situation and the lack of blockade started he no longer has “Here in Nugm it was hell. The sky money in people’s pockets, there’s a job. Sabah suffers from kidney above us was covered with debris no movement, it’s as if life stopped. failure. They have six children. and shrapnel and smoke. Everything was up in the sky. It was hell. Sabha said: “We went on foot. We “I was out of the house with my son took nothing with us, we had not Mohammed. We were waiting in the “My son Mohammad was afraid for time. During the bombing I was queue for cooking gas, there were his mother. I grabbed him so that we exhausted. I told them let’s go to some 5,000 cylinders waiting to be sought cover behind houses. Then the school. We were too afraid. I felt refilled. At one point I heard a huge we rushed towards home. When we

20 Annual Report 2015 Photo: NRC

Despite the massive destruction due to the Yemen conflict, new rays of hope begin to shine. Mohammed Salem from Haroor Village in Abyan Governorate was among 300 local farmers who received cash support to engage in agricultural production. He cultivated two hectares of land and planted water melons, sesame and nuts. His first harvest of water melon was quite impressive, yielding considerably higher quantity of produce which helped him to increase his income. “The support provided has helped me to increase my source of income, I am now able to meet my family’s basic needs”, he says

paralysed till we reached the school. was scattered on the floor. one son. In this situation what kind When we reached the school we Mahmoud said: “Our sewage pipes of future can we talk about? A future could hear the missiles. We were a were destroyed. The windows were for children? It’s all bleak. It’s a black lot of people in one classroom. There gone and we had stones that came canvas. This blots out the future of were missiles and loud explosions. in with the blast. This room had a millions of children as regards their We were afraid. lot of cracks. It was as if the world health, education, nutrition... nutrition turned upside down. Our house affects growth. These problems “We came back home (after a few was damaged by all the blast of the brought by the violence affect our months) and we were happy to be explosions. Our windows were gone, children. Children are traumatised back, one rests when he’s back our furniture, the television is gone, by this war, how can we speak of the home. But I had a lot of cleaning to the roof has been damaged, and all future? If this conflict goes on it’s a do. A lot of repairs, so many things the glass has been broken. We had future of blood and darkness.” were damaged. There was dust and glass flying from far away into our debris all over the place. Everything house. “I have five daughters and

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 21 Djibouti rid and resource-scarce ADjibouti hosts about 20,000 refugees, mainly Somalis, Ethiopian, Eritrean and lately, Yemenis fleeing war. Harsh climatic conditions and the El-Nino drought contributed to displacement in 2015. Ali Sabieh and Ali Addeh NRC constructed 54 shelters for the most vulnerable refugees and 24 shelters for host community members in Ali Addeh. The design of hybrid shelter was improved with the use of durable construction materials making it more suitable for the extreme weather conditions. NRC committed to build 25 additional Salima and her husband, Mohammed sitting inside their temporary similar shelters for refugees by end shelter in Markazi refugee camp in Obock,“I am waitingDjibouti. for the“I am war justto end” waiting of January 2016, to accommodate for the war to end”, she says an additional 100 individuals. NRC Photo: NRC/Sofie Liesker constructed 45 permanent shelters accommodating 298 individuals advance the self-reliance strategy. the WASH programme strategy. within the host communities who NRC provided livestock including NRC supplied safe potable water to were dropped-out pastoralists, in Ali goats to households in Ali Sabieh more than 14,754 refugees. NRC Sabieh. and provided training on animal also managed waste disposal and production, marketing and animal provided information on sanitation The food security project focused health. and hygiene. on refugees and host communities through provision of income The implementation of the program Obock included an integrated WASH generating activities through trainings Obock is located strategically across component in the provision of WASH and cash grants benefitting 200 the sea from Djibouti and links to facilities and services for the three families (75% refugees and 25% the northern locations of Fagal, camps of Ali Addeh, Holl Holl and from the host community) in Ali Khor Angar and Tadjoura, as well as Markazi. NRC remained the main Addeh and 40 vulnerable families the Red Sea to Yemen. As a result focal point implementing sanitation in Balbala. Cash grants and training of the deadly conflict in Yemen an and hygiene in the three refugee on basic business management estimated 30,000 refugees crossed camps. Extensive social mobilisation were successful in building the the Red Sea into Djibouti and settled capacity of local communities and was used as a key component in

22 Annual Report 2015 suitcase and ran away Majority of refugees from Yemen with my husband and stayed in the Markazi camp and the five children. From our Al-Rahma orphanage in Obock. hometown of Husseyn in the Hadhramaut Mohammed Ahmed, Salima’s Governorate, we husband, had relatives in Obock managed to travel by and he often used to leave the road to the port of Bab orphanage to spend the day with al Manded. There, we them or other local people. But bought passage for the Salima felt isolated, knowing that her whole family to cross brother had fled Yemen too although over to Obokh in Djibouti she had no way to contact him, on one of the local and the rest of her family members fishermen’s boat”, she were still in Yemen: “I don’t have narrates. my sisters here in Djibouti – I have no one in Djibouti. All my family and “We initially settled in a loved ones are still in Yemen, and all local orphanage under I want is to return to be together with construction arranged to them again”, she says. welcome refugees. With four young children and Back in Husseyna, Salima was a new-born, I used to working as a tailor, sewing clothes spend most of my days for children and young girls. “Now indoors, washing clothes I am just waiting for the war to and taking care of my end, but as I watch the news, the family”, she explained situation looks horrific”, she says. at Markazi refugee camp in Obock. as her last born son Looking out the window in the In addition to WASH interventions, Mohamed slept peacefully in his direction of the sea, she longs for NRC constructed 180 family-shared makeshift crib, a hammock built with her country, 30 nautical miles away kitchen areas and distributed solar materials found at the construction across the strait. So close and so far lamps and plastic sheets to the site. altogether. refugees. 200 goats were distributed to 66 families of pastoralists and Born in the middle of a tragic war, the NRC was among the first vulnerable host communities living in baby became a refugee at 14 days responders to the Djibouti influx, peri-urban areas. old. He looked as perfectly happy and moving available emergency serene as possible, and maybe even stock to Obock. NRC constructed I am waiting for the more. His mother was very weak 64 temporary communal latrines war to end and ran a high fever on her arrival creating a ratio of 1 latrine per 4 in Djibouti, with childbirth amidst an families. In addition, NRC was Sometime in March 2015, Salima ongoing war and running for her life overseeing sanitation and hygiene left her house in Yemen amidst across a devastated country having and constructed 60 bathing facilities heavy bombing from the Saudi- taken a heavy toll on her body. in Markazi. led coalition: “I packed a small

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 23 Eritrea Scaling up educational programmes

here have been concerted government efforts to increase enrolment of children in Tschools. Despite this, less than half of Eritrea’s children between the age of 7 and 11 years are enrolled in school. Subsequently, a large number of youth and unaccompanied children crossed the border into Shire camp in the north of Ethiopia and some of them moved onwards towards Europe. NRC started operations in Eritrea in 2014, addressing the educational needs targeting vulnerable communities such as nomadic and semi-nomadic populations living in rural and remote areas. The initial project enabled learners in schools located in Anseba, Gash-Barka, Debub, Northern Red Sea, Southern Red Sea and Maekel to access computer studies by means of solar renewable energy with power supplied to computer laboratories.

In 2015 NRC scaled up its activities year project which is implemented in the lack of family by establishing a youth education partnership with the Eritrean Ministry income. ”I need to and skills development component. of Education has two six-month support my parents Photo: Melchizedek Malile/NRC In mid-2015, NRC started the training cycles with one cohort by going abroad and process of establishing a vocational attending training in the morning get a good job”, she states. skills training centre at Keren to while a second attends training in respond to skills and livelihoods the afternoon. She is one of many girls in the needs of the out-of-school youth. refugee camp situated in the foothills The vocational skills training The untold migrant of Ethiopia’s Simien Mountains. programme in Eritrea comprises Most of the 34.090 Eritrean refugees a Youth Education Pack (YEP) crisis in Adi Haroush are young males, project in Keren, located in Anseba “I’m too young to cross the border, but many of them are minors. region that aims at reaching 500 I have no other options”, a 15 year old out-of-school youth with vocational Eritrean girl says. She is sitting with “My mother got seriously ill and could and entrepreneurial skills training legs crossed and her back against a not get enough medical support”, a to enhance their livelihood and purple painted wall in the house she 12 year old boy gives as reason on employment opportunities. The one lives in Adi Haroush refugee camp in why he left Eritrea. He came walking Ethiopia. into the camp seven months ago together with two villagers. “I left my “I crossed the border country with my friends, but no one by foot with a friend from my family because I did not tell from school. I did anyone”, he says not tell my parents”, she says of her flight Eritrea is a young nation with 4.5 from Eritrea two million people on the Horn of Africa. years ago. The girl The country gained independence has a baby blue scarf from neighbouring Ethiopia in 1993 wrapped around her after 30 years of violent struggle. head and wide brown As attention remains on Syrians eyes. The reason fleeing civil war, many young she left Eritrea was

24 Annual Report 2015 NRC partnered with the Eritrean Ministry of Education to provide solar power for 6 schools in areas of return and regions with accessibility challenges. The project benefited 8,000 school boys and girls in addition to 350 teachers.

Eritreans dramatic escape from their somewhere in Libya. The road she the much shorter boat trip between homeland goes unnoticed. plans to take is among the refugees Turkey and the Greek Islands. The children in Adi Haroush all called the death road. “It goes The children in the camp are well tell the same story, about leaving through different countries that may aware of the many deaths in the without their parents´ knowledge involve organised trafficking. And Mediterranean, but their plan to go to together with other kids. “I left though some make it, others don´t”, Europe remains unaltered. “I heard directly after school together with my says Ahmednur Abdi, NRC Country about them and felt sad”, the 12 friends”, a 14 year boy says. “I left Director for Ethiopia programme. year old boy says about the news with six school-mates. My parents Such is the paradox of migration, that many Eritreans have died in the wouldn´t have let me go”, another that in search of a better life, many attempt to cross the Mediterranean. young girl tells. Two of her siblings are willing to risk death. “Sometimes I’m afraid”, he adds. The had already gone to Ethiopia. “I had 15 year old girl agrees. “I feel sad a big stress and left my country”, In 2015, 5% of the 788,000 migrant about them, and fear for my life when she explains. arrivals in Europe were Eritreans, I think about it”, she says. But still according to the UNHCR. Only she wants to pay the smugglers in In pursuit of a better Syrians, Afghans and Iraqis Libya so she can get a place on one migrate to Europe on a bigger of the many boats that cross the sea. life on the death road scale. According to The Wall Street She explains that her plan is to Journal, Eritreans accounted for a “I will go the illegal way and cross follow her sister across the Sahara majority of the 3440 people who the Mediterranean, but I don’t know to Libya, a country on the brink of drowned in the Mediterranean how much it will cost me,” she says, total collapse and home to many in 2015. An explanation can be adding that she is aware of the smugglers taking migrants on the that Eritreans take the longer dangers ahead. “Yes I know about Central Mediterranean route to and thus more dangerous route the risks and the other problems on Europe. She tells that she has lost between Libya and Italy across the way, but I still need to go. I only contact with her sister. The last the Mediterranean. The Syrians, have two options: life or death.” information is that the sister was Afghans and Iraqis tend to take

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 25 South Sudan Protracted violence despite peace deals

he 2015 South Sudan’s civil war resulted in 1.6 million internally Tdisplaced and over 768,000 people to seek refuge in neighbouring countries. Over 200,000 people sought refuge inside protection of civilians sites of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS). The warring parties continued to confront each other, often violating ceasefire agreements, orchestrating attacks in various strategic areas especially in Bentiu, Nassir and Malakal. The mediation process in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia encountered many setbacks throughout 2015.

NRC implemented activities based camp management initiative under the organisation’s five in Leer together with a national core competencies and in 2015, capacity building programme with remained actively present in 7 out the CCCM Cluster. NRC provided of the 10 states of South Sudan. education in emergency and food Mobile teams were stationed in hard security assistance. to reach areas across the country but primarily in Upper Nile, Jonglei Jonglei State and Unity States. NRC established temporary learning spaces for education in Unity State emergency ensuring that 2,598 A Camp Coordination and Camp children were able to attend Management (CCCM) response classes. 7 out of 10 children in incorporated a pilot of community- South Sudan have never set foot Photo: Tuva Raanes Bogsnes/NRC Photo: Tuva

The South Sudan programme is deploying mobile teams as a strategic shift to step up operation in areas which have been hard hit by the conflict. One mobile team is set up for NFI/shelter distribution and 3 others are responding in food-distribution in partnership with WFP.

Regina, a member of food distribution team says: “We make sure that the drop zone is clear before planes can drop the bags, before we begin supervision and distribution. We can cover 25 000 people in three Photo: Tuva Raanes Bogsnes/NRC Photo: Tuva days”. Regina is a member of the rapid response teams coordinating food air drops in South Sudan.

26 Annual Report 2015 Kuir has returned to what used to be her home in the town of Bor, after nearly 2 years living as a refugee. The ruins leave no doubt about the atrocities that have taken place in the area. Kuir and her children had to flee in the middle of the night: “I was exhausted, my children fled and I could only grab my baby. It was terrible, we were half-dead”, she narrates. inside a classroom. Overcrowding Emergency education has also host communities. The food and lack of learning materials had the positive effect on young security project included long-term and teachers have remained key children by reassuring them of support in livelihood diversification challenges. There were increased normalcy. 4,801 beneficiaries were options, market linkage, capacity numbers of returnees witnessed from assisted with latrine construction building and development of social neighbouring Mingkamman in Lakes or rehabilitation and 100 cleaning infrastructure. State into Bor County in Jonglei campaigns promoted safe usage State as a result of the relative calm and protection against diseases. Central Equatoria situation. State Warrap and Northern NRC supported Protection of Lakes State Bahr El Ghazal Civilians centres in Juba, known Education in Emergency activities NRC provided food, education and as POCs, through emergency in Lakes ensured that children and information, counselling and legal education and shelter. NRC youth did not miss out on education assistance targeting returnees, contributed to humanitarian despite the ongoing conflict. internally displaced people and coordination through its co-lead

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 27 Photo: NRC/Tuva Raanes Bogsnes Photo: NRC/Tuva

Overcrowding and lack of learning materials remain constant challenges for educational facilities in all areas of South Sudan. responsibilities in Protection, that broke out in 2013 has resulted the situation is terrible”, says Mary Water, Sanitation and Hygiene and in massive forced displacement. Karanja who is the Food security Food Security clusters. Working In addition, the lack of food and manager in NRC and the co-lead of with UNHCR, NRC piloted a markets that have collapsed are the Food Security Cluster. support project targeting IDPs constantly pushing communities to at risk of becoming stateless by the brink of starvation. According to Affects children providing improved access to civil UN agencies working in the war torn “It is evident that in some areas, documentation. 205 people received Country, every two minutes another especially in the conflict affected housing, land and property related South Sudanese child becomes states and for the displaced legal services. severely malnourished. communities, without food assistance, there would be nothing “People of South Sudan are War, no food else to eat and the food security exhausted. Many have sold off their In 2011 South Sudan gained situation would be more severe” assets and their livestock have been independence from Sudan, ending “It is the small children, those up lost. Recovery of assets depleted a generation of war. Some thought to 24 months that will be affected will take some time. In 2015 the that the country would finally be first. If they don’t get enough to hunger season was severe due to able to feed not only itself, but eat their brain and body does not a poor harvest reported in 2014 also its neighbours. However, four develop as it should. This process is and in the conflict affected states, years on, these predictions have irreversible”, Karanja explains. people eat whatever is available, been proved wrong. The civil war

28 Annual Report 2015 Uganda

Uganda’s refugee integration system enables refugees to acquire useful vocational skills and put them into use

Photo: Akena/NRC directly within their settlement locations.

Assistance to refugees in West Nile region

n Uganda, refugees live among host communities in settlement areas, instead of in a refugee camp. IThis set up allows for better integration and acceptance by the host communities, improved dignity and self-reliance, cost efficiency and a solutions oriented approach. The Uganda settlement model is being studied by neighboring countries that themselves are hosting large numbers of refugees.

NRC’s Uganda West Nile programme started in September 2014 although actual implementation began in January 2015. The programme’s objective is to improve the lives of people affected by conflicts and disaster

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 29 Uganda “I enjoy the rattling sound of the sewing machine”

Adau Kuer is a 26 year old married woman with five school-going children. In 2014, she fled conflict in Jonglei State of South Sudan. Kuer joined the tailoring class in September 2015.

She narrates how her face lightens up every-time she enters the class and sees the sewing machines.

“I just love the mesmerising sound of the machine when sewing,…I feel happy when I learn how to make a new cloth, this will help me in the future because I will get some money and take care of

Photo: NRC/Patrick Akena myself and family”, she says. Kuer at work. She fled violence back in Jonglei, South Sudan

through innovation and integrated to 3 Accelerated Learning The Food Security and Livelihood intervention. NRCs interventions Programme, or ALP centres, programme strengthened are mainly in the areas of were constructed. Youth and food production ability of education, food security and children were able to access 523 households by providing livelihood. vocational training, and quality agricultural farm inputs including basic education which, in addition seeds and tools. There was With two field offices, in Adjumani to education enhanced their reduction in instances of conflicts and Arua, the programme targeted protection from potential harm and unrest among the youth from a total population of 11,400 and abuse. 6 public schools were different ethnic groups by engaging covering four refugee settlements provided with educational materials them in civic activities. The in the West Nile area of Uganda including furniture for 3,368 programme enhanced capacity and (Ayillo 2, Nyumanzi, Maaji and pupils. 48 teachers were recruited built partnerships with five local Rhino camps). and trained, enhancing quality institutions by signing partnership of teaching as well as improving agreements and providing power Three fully functional vocational retention of learners. generators and computers. skills training centers in addition

30 Annual Report 2015 Ethiopia

Hawa Hussein (4) is one of ten siblings. Her mother Maryam has lost all her livestock and the girl now lives in a community for displaced Photo: NRC/Nashon Tado persons in Erer, in the drought affected Siti zone in Ethiopia. Large scale response to refugee crisis Ethiopia was Africa’s largest refugee hosting country with over 720,000 refugees, mainly from South Sudan, Eritrea, Sudan and Somalia. Meanwhile, persistent droughts and violent conflict led the Somali region of Ethiopia to host 475,192 IDPs out of Ethiopia’s total IDP population of 834,759

maintained by rehabilitating 20 old latrines and 21 bathing units for Dollo Ado,Somali water points, a 5km water pipeline refugees. NRC conducted training region and 2 boreholes. activities focusing on child-to-child In Dollo Ado Camp, an average activities in and out of school, WASH of 27,569 cubic metres of clean More than 1,050 urine diversion committees and public hygiene water was provided to refugees on toilets and communal latrines promotion campaigns. monthly basis, minimising risks of in need of maintenance were water-borne diseases spreading and rehabilitated while at the same Use of improved farming techniques reducing the challenges associated period, 282 households benefited led to a significant yield increase. with search for water outside the from sanitation facilities including 195 people in Kobe and Hiloweyn camp such as sexual violence 78 urine diversion toilets, with 13 received maize, beans, onion seeds, targeting women and girls. Water set aside for the host community fertilizers, wheel barrows, shovels, system operation was improved and in addition to 183 dome shape digging tools to support the planting,

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 31 Ethiopia

“Using gas instead of firewood has made life easier for me. I am able to save more time to go to the market and sell vegetables instead of going in search of firewood”, says Salina*, a refugee living in Bambassi refugee camp in Assosa.

The biogas technology involved use of human and animal waste products to generate gas which can burn as a fuel product with sufficient capacity to cook food safely and effectively.

Photo: NRC/Yared Ayele Photo: NRC/Yared new arrivals and refugees relocated Using biogas energy for cooking in Bambassi refugee camp. from Ashura camp. 3,482 refugees and host community members weeding and harvesting processes. in Kobe and Melkadida to meet received seeds for planting and Post-distribution monitoring for the growing demand for education agricultural tools. Refugees without business groups supported at among out-of-school children access to land were provided with Hiloweyn showed that out of within the age groups of 11 to 14 the alternative of practicing multi- 33 business groups, 29 groups years. 242 learners from Melkadida storey gardening technique. NRC remained stable, able to support transitioned to formal primary supported vocational training, operations and earn income. A total schools. A survey on the vocational Alternative Learning Programme, of 40 tonnes of maize was harvested skills programme focusing on and Adult Literacy program in from Kobe irrigation project, enough 2014 graduates from Hiloweyn Sherkole, Bambassi and Tongo yield to provide food for 150 people and Melkadida showed that 61% benefitting 3,130 young people. for a period of 6 months. 80 tonnes were able to gain meaningful 30% of 400 Youth Education Pack of fodder crop for animals was employment. The income range for (YEP) trainees were host community harvested from Hiloweyn irrigation the trained artisans in all categories members. Tailoring and hair project. A new 1400m canal was between 10 and 30 US Dollars dressing were found out to be the constructed as part of expansion per week. most appealing among women and of the irrigation capacity covered girls and having the best promise for an extra 45 hectares of land. This employment. is likely to increase the yield in the Benishangul-Gumuz coming year. Region of Ethiopia Dire Dawa/Jigjiga 1,574 learners enrolled for NRC constructed 1,374 temporary Programme shelters using plastic sheets, Alternative Basic Education Water, Sanitation and Hygiene bamboo and eucalyptus poles. programme and continued to attend was introduced in Jigjiga in 2015 The shelters were useful in lessons throughout the year. Two as a response to increasingly poor accommodating approximately 6,870 new ABE centres were established hygiene, lack of clean potable water

32 Annual Report 2015 and risk of diseases from unplanned 2014 for 192,000 refugees. Although Child Protection is waste disposal. NRC provided NRC constructed 2,158 transitional not a core competency, the clean water to 7,000 IDPs through shelters in Kule, Tierkidi, Jewi critical needs in Tigray Region construction of four traditional water and Pugnido-I refugee camps of involving large numbers of harvesting units each with holding Gambella, catering for 10,790 unaccompanied and separated capacity of 800 cubic metres. refugees. 4,194 family tents, 2,700 children migrating from Eritrea, small-size or ‘Bajaj’ shelters in has necessitated a response. NRC reached 317 households Jewi and Pugnido camps and 20 through livestock support, animal temporary reception centers also health training and small business known as hangars were provided. enterprise in Babili woreda of Fafan Intervention in child protection zone. Three grinding machines continued to have a positive Construction of access roads in and cash grants were disbursed impact, making NRC the lead child Jewi, Kule and Tierkidi greatly in support of self-help groups. To protection agency in Mai Ayni Zone. improved camp management improve the health of the livestock, In 2015, 3000 vulnerable children services, water drainage and community animal health workers who arrived in Tigray from Eritrea movement of refugees within the were trained and equipped with were registered at Endabaguna settlements. start-up kits. NRC expanded its screening centre and received Jigjiga operational area to Siti Zone support including shelter, food and 200 Emergency communal latrines responding to the drought national educational support. were constructed at Jewi refugee emergency triggered by prolonged camp in response to congestion failure of the rains. Protection support reached 9,154 and lack of adequate facilities in children and young people. 591 Leitchour and Kule. 1,145 household The Tigray region of persons of concern were reunited latrines were constructed in Kule, with their close relatives and Tierkidi, Leitchuor and Jewi camps. Ethiopia secured their privilege to enjoy a Hygiene promotion intervention 345 permanent and Sphere- nurturing family environment, while mainly focused on safe excreta compliant shelters were built in Mai 33 children were placed under foster disposal and management, safe Ayni refugee camp in addition to 354 care. hand washing practices at critical in Hitsats, affording vulnerable and times, safe water management at displaced persons reliable shelter The Gambella region house hold level and safe disposal and protection from unfavourable of solid wastes. external conditions. Refugees of Ethiopia The Gambella humanitarian were involved in monitored A total of 12,766 youth and children response to the influx of South construction work, in collaboration were reached through ALP, YEP Sudanese refugees remained the with Administration of Refugees and Education in Emergency biggest operation in Ethiopia in and Returnees Affairs (ARRA), programmes in all the camps. 2015 and the biggest emergency UNHCR and Refugee Central NRC developed its own curriculum response for NRC in the Horn of Committee (RCC). NRC increased for vocational skills trainings Africa. Previously, NRC operated 2 shelter provision from 489 to 699 focusing on carpentry, masonry, camps in Pugnido and Okugo with shelters absorbing an additional electrical installation, catering, food an estimated population of 50,000. load of refugees from 2,445 to 3,495 preparation, cosmetics, hair dressing Three new camps were created in refugees. and tailoring.

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 33 Ethiopia Photo: NRC/Emebet Abdissa

‘They go to school and they have a place to call home, and a family that loves and takes care of them. I always believe that if you are under my roof then you become part of my family”

Two emergency education learning year old Masika Baseme Jeanne on to the past and reminisce how centres were constructed in Okugo has become a businesswoman. “I life used to be before crisis erupted, refugee camp. Maintenance for 24 came empty handed; I was getting Masika has chosen to move forward. semi-permanent ALP classrooms away from conflict in the Democratic in Kule and Tierkidi ensured Republic of Congo. It was a scene She carries the painful memories continuation of learning in difficult of horror and tragedy; my husband with her, but has transformed the conditions. As part of NRC’s policy was killed, my son was kidnapped anger into a positive drive that on 30% host community allocation, and taken for recruitment as a pushes her do more to succeed 1,413 youth benefited from the YEP child soldier and my daughter (not in life. She was part of a group host community programming in in photo above) was raped and of 80 people trained in business Gambella. assaulted by soldiers”, she narrates. management through the NRC Assosa programme. Back in DR Congo, Masika used to “Sherkole is my new be a taxi driver. Life was hard for They were put in groups of four home” Masika and her family in DR Congo. and received capital in the amount She fled the horrors of war in the And their loss was huge. When of 1500 Ethiopian Birr (about 72 Democratic Republic of Congo, they had to flee their homeland, life US dollars). Most of the groups and ended up in a refugee camp in became even worse. succeeded in opening and Ethiopia, where two years later, 47 While most refugees prefer to hang sustaining small shops, cafeterias,

34 Annual Report 2015 A Bold Advocate poultry stalls, bakeries and fruit, vegetable and cereal businesses. in the Region Masika is part of a group of four women who are engaging in bakery business. Their bakery produces 1,050 loaves of bread every morning, which is distributed to restaurants, shops and sold by the road side for one birr each.

She has rented a room where together with her son and daughter, they have opened a restaurant business. She has

managed to buy the property Photo: NRC South Central Somalia with the money she saved from In Somalia, 1500 title deeds were issued as a result of effective collaboration catering income. Part of the between the NRC Housing, land and Property (HLP) programme and the restaurant is used to bake bread federal authorities. with her business partners.

As a result of her industry, Masika is not only able to provide for her own family, she Evidence informs the basis for the advocacy work that NRC has also become an adoptive undertakes. NRC has continued to use the evidence generated by the eight country programmes to lobby and contribute to mother taking care of three influencing agendas within the region and globally. NRC recognises orphans: “They go to school and that long term changes within the humanitarian sector will come they have a place to call home from informed policy and practice changes that support equitable and a family that loves and take access to human rights for all, within structures that are led by care of them. I always believe governments and are implemented through national plans that that if you are under my roof, support durable solutions. NRC has remained an active member then you become part of my of the Regional Durable Solutions Secretariat that aims to provide family “ leadership on durable solutions within the region.

“But I thank God for keeping us In Somalia, 1500 title deeds were authorities. While there remains safe. I am now a self-sufficient issued as a result of effective the risk of failure to respect the woman and I am proud of it. For collaboration between the NRC deeds in some instances due to me, Sherkole camp is home. All HLP programme and the federal the weak implementation of laws I want is to work hard and keep my family safe”, she says.

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 35 A bold advocate in the region

and policies in Somalia, NRC The disregard for peace a review of the normative has led the way in showing that processes and deals in framework relating to the it is possible to provide long South Sudan and Yemen has protection of IDPs in Kenya, last term solutions in the midst of had huge ramifications on year with key recommendations on-going conflict. displaced populations and has to the Government of Kenya This initiative also provided stretched humanitarian actors. to adapt the draft national IDP an opportunity to strengthen NRC continues to demand policy and to ratify the Kampala linkages between humanitarian accountability and impartiality Convention, align national actors and the State as the in the solution processes for the legislation to the provisions of custodian of the rule of law. two countries and for the UN the convention and accept the Security Council, the AU and oversight role of the monitoring In Yemen and South Sudan, other international institutions mechanisms within the African NRC has emphasised the need to provide firm demands on Union system. for increased international respective warring parties community engagement to respect civilian rights and The effects of climate towards finding lasting solutions arrive at a peaceful solution to change have contributed to to conflicts. At the Valleta Civil mitigate further displacement. displacements in the region Society Summit in November through the vicious cycles 2015, NRC requested that the In Kenya under the Voluntary of drought and El Nino needs of refugees from the Returns Programme, NRC phenomenon that have been Horn of Africa be accorded the continues to advocate for experienced across the region. same attention as other crises voluntary, safe and dignified Refugees in Djibouti, Somalia like Syria. The Yemen crisis led return for refugees. As an and Kenya have cited lack of to a return of Somali refugees observer of the Tripartite rains and pastoral grounds fleeing the conflict, introducing Agreement Commission and as reasons for secondary a new aspect of migration in the lead of the Return Agenda, movement, the initial movement region. The impact of Yemen NRC plays a significant for most of them having being is felt in Ethiopia, Djibouti and watchdog and advisory role in caused by conflict. NRC is Somalia, countries that were the process. pushing for integration of already struggling with meeting climate change mitigation humanitarian needs before the With support from Internal strategies into broader influx of refugees from Yemen. Displacement Monitoring Centre humanitarian responses. (IDMC), NRC has completed

36 Annual Report 2015 Partnerships and Initiatives

NRC and Kenya National Chamber of Commerce and Industry (KNCCI) formed a partnership to benefit youth trainees in refugee camps, promoting mentorship programmes, linkages with the job market in the private

Photo: NRC/Nashon Tado sector and supporting curriculum development. African Union

The NRC African Union Liaison Office provided support to the AU African Common Position on humanitarian issues in Africa (CAP). The CAP will go a long way in reshaping the humanitarian architecture of Africa through the implementation of key humanitarian strategies anchored on ten principal pillars that speak to gaps and challenges of the current Africa’s humanitarian system. Initiatives included the World Humanitarian Summit Africa regional consultations, expert review of the draft CAP, the Specialised Technical Meeting that cemented comments and inputs into the final outcome CAP document. NRC African Union Liaison Office in partnership with the Information, Counselling and Legal Assistance programme released a report titled ‘Kampala Convention: Make it work for women’, that focuses on the rights of displaced women to housing, land and property. To achieve gender equality, it calls for an end to harmful practices that deny displaced women their housing and land rights.

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 37 Partnerships and Initiatives

in responding Building Resilient to needs of Communities in displaced Somalia (BRCiS) populations BRCiS Consortium members have who face new worked with 99 communities since challenges, November 2013 and will start as they have operations in 68 new communities often left their across the Southern and Central homes, assets regions of Somalia in 2016. and other safety The BRCiS Consortium has an nets behind innovative approach to delivering them. CaLP services to the most vulnerable has conducted populations of Somalia. training to NRC field staff The Consortium, under NRC’s as well as lead, has come up with 99 tailor- provided training made action plans, one for each tools aimed at community. Stepping away from enhancing quality the usual boundaries between programming. sectors, the BRCiS design puts emphasis on synergies between Stand-by a wide range of activities, aiming Rosters at four main outputs: improving Photo: NRC/Nashon Tado 61 experts were access to water and sanitation, deployed to NORCAP is operated by the developing livelihood opportunities the region in 2015 (27 to South Norwegian Refugee Council. and general food security, ensuring Sudan, 13 to Ethiopia, 7 to Somalia, 2015 deployments were funded dignified shelter, and supporting the 6 to Kenya, 5 to Yemen, and 3 by the Norwegian Ministry of communities’ capacity to anticipate, to Uganda). Deployed experts Foreign Affairs, UNHCR, European mitigate and recuperate from supported protection, coordination Commission Humanitarian Aid shocks. and educational activities of UN and and Civil Protection (ECHO) and government agencies. Department for International Cash Learning Development (DfID). Partnership (CaLP) NRC Expert Deployment Capacity, NRC is interested in using cash and NORCAP strengthens the capacity The Moving Energy voucher programming as a modality of the international community to prevent and respond to Initiative (MEI) across all areas of programming The MEI seeks to meet the energy humanitarian challenges through and phases of displacement. The needs of displaced people in a safe, the provision of expert personnel Cash Learning Partnership offers sustainable manner, developing to national governments and a viable platform enabling NRC to solutions for heating, cooling, international organisations. use cash and voucher programming cooking, lighting, electrification and

38 Annual Report 2015 A private sector consultation organised by NRC in Nairobi in December 2015 brought together the key actors in telecommunications, manufacturing industry, and energy sectors. NRC emphasised the need for joint collaboration and win-win partnerships. water and sanitation. Access to safe, as related to micro credit facilities, secure and reliable energy is often Private sector information technology and cash inadequate for refugee and IDP camp engagement transfer programming. NRC inhabitants, who rely overwhelmingly The profit-making or business sector, established partnership with on traditional biomass such as contributes to the highest share of private sector organisations like firewood to cover their basic energy employment in different countries in Kenya Chamber of Commerce and needs.NRC partnered with Chatham the region. Boosting private sector Industry, Samasource, Toto Health House, Practical Action, UNHCR, development and involvement Limited and Unilever. DfID and GVEP International through greater access to finance, in understanding and creating infrastructure and skills development Partnership with Vodafone and awareness about energy-related has been identified as harbouring Safaricom Limited continue to scale needs of refugees in Dadaab, benefits to humanitarian practice. up mutually beneficial initiatives Kenya. A report titled ‘Heat Light and within refugee camps such as the Power for Refugees: Saving Lives, Through active collaboration and youth vocational skills training Reducing Costs’ presents for the first engagement with the private programme. time estimates of the volume and sector, an enabling environment for costs of energy used in situations of vulnerable communities including forced displacement worldwide. youth can be promoted, particularly

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 39 Financial Overview RC Horn of Africa, Yemen, and South Sudan Funding per country (in Million USD) total actual funding was spent in 2015 was N Country 2014 2015 94.66 million USD or 726.83 Million NOK. This Djibouti 1.81 2.23 was 3.37 % decrease from the 2014 spending of Uganda 0.13 2.23 98.37 million USD or 18.05% increase from 2014 Yemen 9.73 9.26 spending of 615.7 Million NOK. To improve budget Somalia 30.82 29.37 management and accountability, NRC rolled Ethiopia 23.65 22.78 out improved finance tools including electronic Kenya 14.60 10.65 budget monitoring tool, electronic donor budget Eritrea 0.37 0.21 template, and electronic master budget. NRC South Sudan 17.26 17.93 regional finance department will prioritise to train 98.37 94.66 staff on the new financial templates in 2016. Funding per donor (in Million USD)

Donor USD % Donors GAP/REG Norad 4.78 5% NMFA (HUM) 15.60 16% Norad (non GAP) 2.96 3% UNHCR 20.86 22% DFID 10.62 11% ECHO 9.75 10% SIDA 9.63 10% OCHA 7.01 7% UNICEF 4.24 4% WFP 3.61 4% EuropeAid 2.50 3% SDC 0.64 1% NRC TELETHON FUNDS 0.45 0.5% NRC PRIVATE SPONSORS 0.43 0.4% BPRM 0.41 0.4% Competencies FAO 0.34 0.3% Administration, 4, 4% NRC Own Funds 0.30 0.3% Other, 5, 5% OTHER PUBLIC FOREIGN ORGANIZATIONS 0.13 0.1% GIZ 0.12 0.1% ICLA, 5, 5% Wellspring 0.11 0.1% USAID (OFDA) 0.07 0.1% OTHER FOREIGN COMPANIES/ ORGANIZATIONS 0.07 0.1% Shelter, 20, 21% OTHER FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS 0.01 0% OTHER UN ORGANIZATONS 0.01 0% 94.66 100% Food Security, 22, 23% Water Sanitation and Hygiene, 16, 17% Our main donors

Education, 24, 25%

40 Annual Report 2015 Operational Outputs 2015 n 2015, NRC Horn of Africa biggest programme expenditure areas were Education at 24%, Food Security Iat 22% and Shelter at 20%. WASH was at 16% and ICLA at 6%. Education remains a priority for NRC globally. While most humanitarian players do not view Education as life –saving, NRC continued to champion Education in Emergencies, due to its ability to provide second opportunities to displaced populations, mitigate protection violations and as part of the NRC global 1 Million Initiative campaign. Camp Management was reintroduced as a global core competency in NRC in 2015. None of the 8 country programmes implemented CCCM in that year.

While displacement needs in the for shelter against the funding that in Ethiopia and Somalia from region are on a rapid increase, was available. donors in 2015, affecting the ability available resources in 2015 were of agencies like NRC, to provide not determined not by priority but Over 60,000 persons received ICLA timely assistance. also by Government policies related support in Somaliland, especially on to shelter provision, which limit the forced evictions and displacement It should be noted that countries nature of shelter programming, matters. South Sudan had about like Kenya (in Kakuma) Djibouti shrinking humanitarian funding 35,000 beneficiaries for ICLA and Yemen used unconditional that determined how much country while Kenya had about 10,000 cash transfers instead of direct food programmes could deliver. In some beneficiaries. South Sudan distribution for reasons ranging countries like Yemen and South had the highest beneficiaries for from empowering beneficiaries to Sudan, on-going conflict made it emergency food rations in 2015, make their own informed choices, difficult to deliver assistance in more than Ethiopia and Somalia subsequent injection of capital into a timely manner. In Kenya, the which are currently faced by local host economies and access Voluntary Returns Programme in drought. However, this could issues that prevented delivery of Dadaab has impacted on shelter change in 2016, as the drought supplies in countries like Yemen. construction. Displacements in situation gets worse and respective Somalia due to forced evictions and Governments open up to support. The following tables provide a in South Sudan and Yemen, due to There was a marked delayed break-down of outputs for each conflict translated into an increase response for the drought situations country programme.

Yemen operational outputs 2015 Items provided People reached Locations Operational details Quantity Males Females Total Yemen Shelter rehabilitation 125 homes 429 446 875 Emergency shelter kits 450 kits 1,512 1,638 3,150 Latrines rehabilitated 125 latrines 429 446 875 Rental subsidies 1,920 households 6,586 6,854 13,440 Unconditional cash transfer 5,847 households 20,055 20,874 40,929 Hygiene and sanitation kits distributed 5,700 kits 19,551 20,349 39,900 Household Non-Food Item kits distributed 5,045 kits 17,304 18,011 35,315 Water trucking 5,221 households 18,000 18,550 36,550 People reached with food in-kind distribution 30,000 households 83,510 86,919 170,429 Total beneficiaries - 167,376 174,087 341,463

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 41 Operational Outputs 2015

Somalia operational outputs Items provided People reached Locations Operational details Quantity Males Females Total South Central Shelters for families 4,056 12,658 11,681 24,339 Non-Food item provision 12,327 37,310 36,653 73,963 Students enrolled in NRC supported schools - 17,314 17,052 34,366 Teachers trained and/or provided with incentives - 980 346 1,326 Education Committee and Ministry of Education members supported 135 104 239 People reached with food and livelihood assistance 15,498 32,187 47,685 People reached with ICLA support 8,295 10,121 18,416 People reached with water, hygiene and sanitation support 39,204 42,253 81,457 Somaliland Shelters for families 1,154 1,214 2,368 Classrooms constructed or rehabilitated 29 4,635 Hygiene and sanitation kits distributed 596 874 1,470 People provided with ICLA assistance 438 households 994 1,637 2,631 People reached with food security and livelihood support 4,231 households 13,353 12,038 25,391 Puntland Shelters for families 25,788 25,123 50,911 People reached with food and livelihood assistance 1,831 4,335 6,655 10,990 People reached through cash and food voucher 275 475 750 People supported with water, sanitation and hygiene 4,912 4,521 9,433 People reached through hygiene sensitization 1,057 1,646 2,703 Teachers, Ministry of Education and Committee members trained 585 381 204 585 Learners enrolled in NRC supported schools 11,500 5,689 5,811 11,500 People supported through ICLA 6,995 18,437 23,534 41,971 Total beneficiaries 208,365 234,129 447,129 *Beneficiaries are registered according to the different services received; those who received assistance in more than one sector have been counted twice e.g. shelter and education

Kenya operational outputs

Items provided People reached Locations Operational details Quantity Males Females Total Dadaab Latrines constructed 320 640 960 1,600 People reached with hygiene promotional activities 65,399 65,118 130,517 People reached with emergency food rations 51,320 76,980 128,300 People reached with ICLA assistance 4,562 4,558 9,120 Learners enrolled in NRC supported schools 668 380 1,048 Mandera Learners enrolled in NRC supported schools 84 96 180 People reached with sanitation and hygiene support 218 182 400 People reached with livelihood support 618 1,425 2,043 Kakuma Family latrines constructed 5,243 13,544 20,314 33,858 Communal/shared latrines constructed 400 871 695 1,566 Shelter for families 32 92 137 229 People reached with emergency food ration - 26,836 24,076 50,912 Learners supported through vocational training - 831 1,245 2,076 Solar safe water treatment kits distributed 18,862 9,431 84,879 94,310 Total beneficiaries 175,114 281,045 456,159

42 Annual Report 2015 Djibouti operational outputs 2015 Items provided People reached Locations Operational details Quantity Males Females Total Djibouti Shelter for families 123 houses 2,291 2,403 4,694 Unconditional cash transfer 222 households 659 675 1,334 Hygiene and sanitation kits distributed 2,464 kits 5,729 9,055 14,784 People reached with plastic sheeting and solar lamps 552 households 1,415 1,557 2,972 People reached with livestock support 560 goats 381 336 717 Total beneficiaries - 10,475 14,026 22,551

South Sudan operational outputs 2015 Items provided People reached Locations Operational details Quantity Males Females Total South Sudan Shelter for families 9,631 houses 29,587 28,204 57,791 Latrine construction 90 latrines - - 545 People reached with hygiene promotion training 1,691 households 3,297 6,853 10,150 Learners enrolled in NRC supported schools - 13,415 12,075 25,490 People reached with emergency food rations - 103,126 137,883 241,009 People reached with income-generating and livelihood support - 1,360 2,815 4,175 People reached with Information, Counselling and Legal Aid 14,725 21,073 35,798 Total beneficiaries 165,510 208,903 374,958

Ethiopia operational outputs 2015 Items provided People reached Locations Operational details Quantity Males Females Total Assosa People reached through educational support 1,525 988 2,513 Beneficiaries of livelihood assistance 1,799 1,501 3,300 Shelters for families 1,374 4,107 2,738 6,845 Dolo Ado Shelters for families 1,095 1,130 2,225 Students enrolled in NRC supported schools 630 944 1,574 People reached through hygiene and sanitation support 21,451 24,323 45,774 Beneficiaries of livelihood and income-generating assistance 370 386 756 Shire Shelters for families 4,164 1,467 5,631 People reached with food security and livelihood support 1,322 928 2,250 Students enrolled in NRC supported schools 754 686 1,440 Teachers trained 31 2 33 People reached with child protection assistance 8,138 2,527 10,665 Gambella Shelters for families 10,780 12,680 23,460 People reached with educational support 8,833 9,286 18,119 Food security and livelihood support 533 4,802 5,335 People reached with water, sanitation and hygiene support 48,582 100,301 148,883 Jigjiga People reached with livelihoods and income-generating assistance 135 172 307 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene support 2,940 4,060 7,000 Total beneficiaries 117,189 168,921 286,110

Horn of Africa. South Sudan,Uganda and Yemen 43 Lavington Green, Elmolo Drive, Off James Gichuru Road P.O. Box 21211 - 00100 Tel: +254 020 434 8246 Mobile: 0716 430 333, 0735 501 450 Fax: +254 020 434 8250 Facebook: NRC Horn of Africa & Yemen 2015 Website: www.nrc.no ANNUAL REPORT

44 Annual Report 2015