The Earliest Printed Version of "The Twelve Days of Christmas" Is in a Children's Book, Mirth Without Mischief, Published in 1780

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The Earliest Printed Version of The earliest printed version of "The Twelve Days of Christmas" is in a children's book, Mirth without Mischief, published in 1780. The song, however, is apparently much older than that, and was originally French rather than English. For example, the partridge was not introduced into England from France until the late 1770's. Some believe that the song is a sort of catechism or teaching tool for elements of the Catholic faith, but that idea has been challenged on several grounds, not least the fact that there is not evidence to demonstrate such a use. The "twelve days" are the days between Christmas and Epiphany, and refer to the custom of giving gifts on those days. For whatever reason the song exists in two versions. The two versions have the last four lines differing in order. One has nine drummers drumming, ten pipers piping, eleven ladies dancing, and twelve lords a-leaping, the other, nine ladies dancing, ten lords-a- leaping, eleven pipers piping, and twelve drummers drumming. A further variation is "nine ladies waiting." The "calling birds" of day four shown on stamps from Christmas Island, and The Gambia are actually "colly birds" as on the souvenir sheet from Guernsey. Several counties have issued stamps for Christmas based on the song. Apart from the United States the countries are all from the British commonwealth. Both the United States and New Zealand issued stamps based on the first verse, "my true love gave to me, a partridge in a pear tree." New Zealand also issued a set of three stamp based on the first three verses of the song, and Ireland issued a single stamp based on the same three verses. > Great Britain issued a set of 6 stamps with two verses on each stamp except for the first stamp which has only one and the third stamp which has three.. Christmas Island, Guernsey, and The Gambia issued souvenir sheets based on all twelve verses. Although not the same as the familiar "Twelve Days of Christmas" of the English-speaking world, there is a counting song associated with Christmas in the Faroe Islands. Beginning with Christmas and lasting until the beginning of the Fast (Lent) the song is sung without instrumental accompaniment as a chain dance. During the last evening of the dance period children are allowed to dance with the adults. After midnight a special ceremony of "counting the days of Christmas," of which there are twenty, began at which the men danced bareheaded. The gifts of fifteen days are indicated on the two stamps: one feather, two geese, three sides of meat, four sheep, five cows, six oxen, seven dishes, eight ponies, nine banners, ten barrels, eleven goats, twelve men, thirteen hides, fourteen rounds of cheese or butter, and fifteen deer. AUS Internet - http://www.danstopicals.com/2.htm SONG in YOU TUBE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owK5tHjL0aE Dieser Artikel oder Abschnitt bedarf einer Überarbeitung. Näheres ist auf der Diskussionsseite angegeben. Hilf mit, ihn zu verbessern, und entferne anschließend diese Markierung. Die Zwölf Weihnachtstage, kurz auch die Zwölften, umspannen im christlichen Kalender den Zeitraum vom Weihnachtsabend (25. Dezember) bis zum Morgen des 6. Januar (Heilige Drei Könige) und waren in ländlichen Gegenden häufig mit Bräuchen und Sagen verbunden. Ein Weihnachtskranz hängt vor allem in Amerika in der Weihnachtszeit vorm Haus. Inhaltsverzeichnis [Verbergen] 1 Ursprünge 2 Die Feiertage im Wandel der Zeiten o 2.1 Im Mittelalter o 2.2 In den amerikanischen Kolonien o 2.3 In den heutigen USA o 2.4 Im Vereinigten Königreich o 2.5 In anderen Ländern 3 Literatur 4 Weblinks Ursprünge [Bearbeiten] Dieser Artikel oder Abschnitt ist nicht hinreichend mit Belegen (bspw. Einzelnachweisen) ausgestattet. Die fraglichen Angaben werden daher möglicherweise demnächst gelöscht. Hilf der Wikipedia, indem du die Angaben recherchierst und gute Belege einfügst. Bitte entferne zuletzt diese Warnmarkierung. Die Zwölf Weihnachtstage sind im Christentum und seinen Kulturen verwurzelt. Möglicherweise ist die Idee von diesem Dutzend Tagen aus dem Ursprung entstanden, dass es angeblich 12 Tage gedauert hatte, bis die Drei Heiligen Könige nach dem Erscheinen des Sterns nach Betlehem gereist waren. Auch vermutet man einen Ursprung in einer Verssequenz aus dem Matthäusevangelium (Mt 2,1-12 EU) - diese handelt auch von den dreien. Im Lauf der Jahrhunderte hatten diverse Kirchen und christliche Sekten die Traditionen, den Zeitrahmen und die Interpretationen verändert. Derzeit werden die Zwölf Weihnachtstage in unterschiedlicher Form rund um die Welt gefeiert. Etwa werden von manchen nur am Heiligen Abend Geschenke gemacht, von manchen nur in der Zwölften Nacht (die auf den 6. Januar) und von manchen sogar in jeder der 12 Nächte. Was als Gemeinsamkeit bleibt, ist die mit tiefer religiöser Inbrunst gefeierte Geburt von Jesus Christus am 25. Dezember, und ein Abstand von 12 Tagen bis zum Feiertag der Heiligen Drei Könige. Die Feiertage im Wandel der Zeiten [Bearbeiten] Ein Tortell de Reis. Eines der traditionellen Weihnachtsgebäcke, dieses weist eine Marzipanfüllung auf. Ein Christstollen. Dies ist ein Weihnachtsgebäck mit Rosinen und Puderzucker. Man serviert auch den Dreikönigskuchen. Dieser wird meist am 6. Januar aufgetragen. Im Mittelalter [Bearbeiten] Im Mittelalter war diese Zeit eine Zeit des Fastens und der Belustigung, die sich bis zur Zwölften Nacht steigerte, dem traditionellen Ende der Weihnachtszeit. Die Zwölfte Nacht hingegen wurde für immer in der Kultur verwurzelt, wenn William Shakespeare sie als Schauplatz einer seiner Schauspiele benutzte. In dieser Zeit waren heidnische Traditionen oftmals mit den religiösen Wurzeln des Festes vermischt worden (wie es bei allen jahreszeitlichen Festen und Feiertagen der Fall war). Die traditionellen Rollen wurden gelockert, Herren bedienten ihre Diener, Männer durften sich wie Frauen kleiden, wie auch umgekehrt. Oft wurde ein sogenannter Herr der Unordnung als Anführer gewählt, um die Feierlichkeiten zu leiten. Manche dieser Traditionen wurden von den älteren heidnischen Gebräuchen abgeleitet, wie etwa auch die römischen Saturnalien. Manche zeigen auch in den heutigen Pantomime-Darstellungen ihre Spuren, in denen traditionell Autorität zum Gespött gemacht wird, der führende Darsteller von einer Frau gespielt wird und die ältere Dame von einem Mann. In den amerikanischen Kolonien [Bearbeiten] Die ursprünglichen amerikanischen Kolonisten führten ihre Version der Weihnachtstage aus England ein und passten es an ihr neues Land an, indem sie eigene Variationen im Laufe der Jahre entwickelten. Zum Beispiel glaubt man etwa, dass der heutige Weihnachtskranz in diesen Zeiten seinen Ursprung hatte. Man fertigte den Kranz aus Laub und Früchten selbst an. Das Basteln an sich war eine der Traditionen des Heiligen Abends, wonach die fertigen Kränze an der Vordertür befestigt wurden, beginnend in der Heiligen Nacht bis zur 12. Nacht oder dem Morgen des Dreikönigstages. Dies war schon Tradition in England, und wie dort wurde auch jegliche Dekoration am Morgen des 6. Januar wieder heruntergenommen, und was davon noch essbar gewesen war, wurde verzehrt. Aus dieser Zeit stammt auch der Brauch des Dreikönigskuchenbackens am 6. Januar. In den heutigen USA [Bearbeiten] Mit dem Fortschreiten amerikanisierter und nichtkirchlicher Traditionen im Lauf der letzten zwei Jahrhunderte (wie etwa dem Santa Claus, der Popularität der Weihnachtsferien oder der steigenderen Beliebtheit von Neujahrsparties) haben sich die klassischen Zwölf Weihnachtstage in den Staaten größtenteils in die Vergessenheit bewegt. Jedoch hält ein kleiner Anteil an Christen aus vielen Sekten an ihren bevorzugten Arten zu feiern fest; und diese, die sich dazu entschieden haben, werden natürlich von ihrer eigene Kirche als spiritueller Führungskraft unterstützt, diese Zeit gebührend zu würdigen. In Amerika schließt dies eine Reihe von Christen verschiedenster Ausrichtung ein; etwa Katholiken, Orthodoxe, Amish und Mennoniten. Heute beschenken sich manche der Feiernden an jedem der zwölf Tage, und feiern sonst die ganze Zeit bis zum Dreikönigstag hindurch. In den USA ist das Anzünden einer Kerze an jeden Tag in dieser Zeit zu einer modernen Tradition geworden. Dazu gehört auch das Singen von dazu passenden Strophen aus dem berühmten Lied "The Twelve Days of Christmas", was dann auch jeden Tag mit Eifer zelebriert wird. Einige Gruppen feiern immer noch die zwölfte Nacht als die Wichtigste in Hinsicht auf Festivitäten und Geschenkgabe. Manche zünden auch noch einen sogenannten Yule Log („Weihnachtsbaumstamm“) in der ersten Weihnachtsnacht auf einer Feuerstelle an und lassen ihn in jeder der zwölf Nächte ein wenig weiterbrennen. Manche Amerikaner bereiten auch ein traditionelles Essen, das in jeder Nacht serviert wird. Wie in alter Zeit gilt die Zeit zwischen der zwölften Nacht und dem folgenden Morgen als richtige Zeit, um den Weihnachtsbaum und die Dekorationen zu entfernen. Im Vereinigten Königreich [Bearbeiten] Viele feiern im Vereinigten Königreich diverse Aspekte der Zwölf Weihnachtstage, wenn auch in einer etwas moderneren Art und Weise. In ganz England, wie auch in vielen anderen Ländern, die ehemalige britische Kronkolonien waren (z.B. Kanada, Australien) gilt der sogenannte Boxing Day am 26. Dezember als Nationalfeiertag, da er der erste ganze Tag der Weihnachtszeit ist, wie es die alten Traditionen vorschrieben. England, das als Ursprungsland vieler beliebter Weihnachtslieder gilt, hält die Tradition des weihnachtlichen Singens hoch in Ehren. Die Geschichten aus der viktorianischen Zeit (besonders
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