Abstracts of 107Th ISC Plant Sciences

Section XIV : Plant Sciences

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

107TH INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESS Bangalore, 2020

PART II SECTION OF PLANT SCIENCES

President: Prof. Y. Vimala

CONTENTS

I. Presidential Address 5

II. Abstracts of Platinum Jubilee/ Award Lectures 31

III. Abstracts of Symposium / Invited Lectures 39

IV. Abstracts of Oral / Poster Presentations 77

V. List of Past Sectional Presidents 227

VI. Authors Index 233

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107TH INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESS

January 3-7, 2020,

Bangalore

I PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS

President: Prof. Y. Vimala

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Presidential Address

REALIZING ‘SSR’ INITIATIVE FOR CONSERVING ENVIRONMENT THROUGH SECONDARY PLANTATIONS ON MARGINAL / DEGRADED LAND SITES

Y. Vimala Department of Botany, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut-250004 (U.P.) E-mail: [email protected], Cell: 9415545489

Hon’ble Chairperson, distinguished botanists, delegates, students and august audience!

Please allow me to express my deep sense of gratitude to the almighty and members of the sectional committee providing this opportunity by unanimously electing me as the President of the Plant Sciences Section of the Indian Science Congress Association for this session. I also wish to pay my tributes to the great Indian botanists who have laid high standards of plant sciences in this country. I had the privilege of personal interaction and affection with some of them, which had sown the seeds of interest in Botany since my childhood. I owe my gratefulness to my mentors and well -wishers from Botany fraternity, my Ph.D. supervisor Prof. Debashis Banerji, and my father Prof. Y.S. Murty, who inculcated my belonging to the Plant Sciences in shaping my professional career.

In my teaching and research pursuit and also in my routine, I was always inclined towards non-destructive methods of making use of plants and wished to develop ways for better sustenance of green cover on earth. My interactions with botanists on national and international platforms have strengthened my explorations. Therefore, I decided to speak today on some of those plants of medicinal value, that hold the potential not only to survive on degraded lands but could also augment cultivability, rendering utility of such land in rural development and amelioration of livelihood of local communities.

Key words: Degraded marginal lands, in vivo accumulation, in vitro up -scaling of medicinal principle, sustenance of green cover, rural development

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Abstract

Most recently, the Department of Science & Technology, GOI is embarking on SSR (Scientific Social Responsibility) based S & T interventions as the prime thrust for scientific endeavours in India. Whereas, plant based herbal products and medicines are gaining ever increasing interest globally, but the raw material for all this is still obtained from wild and forest lands. Of course, in select cases represented by major secondary crops this is obtained through organized cultivation. Therefore, in order to reduce pressure on cultivable land, and to provide livelihood support to wild collectors as an SSR initiative a planned study was taken-up to explore and suggest the utilization of barren, marginal, degraded and polluted sites through secondary plantations of prospective medicinal and aromatic plants. Of the several species that could be planted on such degraded sites, a specific study was undertaken on two major secondary crops, one medicinal and one aromatic species, namely Withania somnifera and Chrysopogon zizanioides, respectively. Studies conducted on the plantations done on the degraded site, and its replication under experimental conditions vis-à-vis ideal cultural conditions reveal that these plants could be a good source not only to conserve and reclaim effluent afflicted, nutritionally deficient and eroded soil, but could help livelihood support to the local field dwellers, as well as achieve best utilization of barren lands. Such an approach is likely to reduce pressure on precious cultivable land that may be otherwise used for cultivation of such secondary plants. The in vitro culture studies conducted on the target plants further suggest that the source plants obtained from the degraded sites hold promise of their further improvement for enhanced harvest of economic product.

Introduction:

In addition to huge waste land cover under usar soil and wetlands, the land degradation continues to be quite high in India owing to several manmade reasons including excessive use of agrochemicals, change in land use pattern owing to ever growing urbanization, vagaries of environmental disasters leading to erosion, landslides and silting etc. Faulty

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means of agriculture adopted by marginal farmers is adding to decline in land productivity. Lack of agricultural land for staple crops and increasing demand of herbal medicines has led to constant pressure on cultivable land area. Of the several plant species that could be grown on such degraded land, the two plants, namely Withania somnifera L. Dunal (fam: Solanaceae) and Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty (Fam: Poaceae) are well known for yielding withanolides – the important immunomodulatory principles, and vetivone and vetiverols – the key perfumery component of the essential oil, respectively. These plants generally grow on fallow marginal lands, without disturbing the primary food crops.

In general, growth of any plant requires suitable nutrients, aeration and water with overall pH maintained around 5.8-6.0. Deviation may result into changes in metabolism to overcome or mitigate the stress, better known as defense response by the plants, which ranges from phenological changes to biochemical expression and may even lead to genotypic adaptations in those plants in due course of time. However, such plantation can also result in improvement of soil texture, nutrient status, aeration, pH and other compositional matrix, making the soil culturable for other primary crops, as well. Among the strategies of defense response, the biochemical expression largely leads to production of such compounds (secondary metabolites) by the plants, which play the role of medicine or a drug candidate for mankind. Therefore, in order to provide holistic view with respect to utilization of degraded lands through secondary plantations, necessary studies were conducted on the two identified plants mentioned above to elucidate growth, development, and metabolic components onsite and under experimental garden and laboratory conditions.

The target plants were grown in different sets of experiments in polluted degraded sites as well as control (garden) site. The in vivo potential of generating active medicinal principles was compared with callus developed from explant taken from plants growing at different sites. Their physiological aspects of growth when correlated with the yield of medicinal principle, bring out the importance of growing such medicinal plants on marginal lands which have no potential yield value in terms of nutritional principle, but have great value in terms of medicinal crops. These crops not only reap benefits for the farmers, but also protect the land from further degradation, helping in restoration.

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With my interest in plant physiology I was inclined towards the study on medicinal plants inhabiting degraded lands to explore the possibility of their intended plantation from the perspective of active principle productivity, and use of such plantations in environmental conservations as SSR initiative.

Choice of plants for soil reclamation and medicinal value addition:

Several medicinal plants were hence investigated and their allelopathic interactions were also studied, as much as could be possible, to further ensure that there is no adverse effect on the yield of crop plants of the farmers with small holdings. The plants were studied for characteristics e.g. potential to:

• Accumulate the nutrients • Change the structure of soil • Mitigate the toxicity levels of soil • Have deep and large root system • Be fast growing and non-harmful for staple crops • Require least input and negligible attention, • Grow under variety of environmental conditions, etc. • Besides, the species must have a market value.

The cultivation of medicinal plants on wastelands may further be able to decrease the pressure on wild medicinal plants utilized by local people protecting them from being endangered. Under the above mentioned criteria several plants were tested, namely, Withania somnifera, Costus speciosus, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Centella asisatica, Maytenus, Commiphora, Cassia fistula, Emblica officinalis, Mucuna pruriens, Amomum, Elettaria, Hedychium, Curcuma longa, Ricinus communis, Jatropha curcas, Vetiveria

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(Chrysopogon) zizanioides, Rauwolfia serpentina and R. tetraphylla, Kalanchoe, Barleria prionitis and B. lupulina, Physalis peruviana, Tinospora, etc. and some interesting results of only Withania somnifera and Vetiveria (Chrysopogon) zizanioides are being presented. For the study following stepwise explorations were carried out:

• Selection of ‘culturable degraded land’ sites • Survey of plants growing on the sites and selection of plants likely to survive on sites and be useful for land reclamation and medicinal use • Study of soil and plants at different intervals to estimate gain or loss to the soil and to the selected plants on sites compared to controls (nursery grown) • Study of status of medicinal principle of selected plants on sites compared to controls • Using explant from the plants growing on degraded land sites and nursery site, calli raised and their medicinal principle compared for added advantage, if any

Selection of polluted/wasteland sites:

Due to fast urbanization with poor drainage system the old drainage-cum- sewerage system has become choked with effluents entering at several points with obnoxious chemicals. Two sites irrigated by these polluted waters (Before Effluent Entry-BEE and After Effluent Entry-AEE) were selected alongwith a water filled construction site (Ditch Soil Site-DSS) and well drained, irrigated garden site to sow the selected plants.

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Plate 1. Selected Sites of Meerut Ditch Soil Site, Before Effluent Entry and After Effluent Entry

Plants growing wildly at these sites was screened. Two plants: One monocot aromatic, Vetiveria (Chrysopogon) zizanioides, and the other dicot medicinal, Withania somnifera, were planted on these sites after optimizing the stage of the sowable plants in control experiments performed in pots using the same soil and irrigation water.

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Characteristics of Chrysopogon (Vetiveria) zizanioides:

• Long deep fibrous roots acting as soil binder, or short and thick roots in waterlogged conditions, rich in fragrant vetivones.

• Chemical constituents are Sesquiterpene and their derivatives, namely: khusimol, khusinol, khusimone, á-vetivone, â-vetivone, junipene, ã-cadenene, clovene, á-amorphine, aromadenrine, epiglobulol, spathulenol, etc.

• Medicinally important in treatment of Prostrate cancer, diabetes, hernia, stomach problems, skin disease, irritations, kidney stones, etc. It has abortifacient, antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, termicidal, Insect repellent properties. It is also used in aromatherapy.

• Vetiver roots and leaves are used for various craft works.

Characteristics of Withania somnifera:

• Well suited to almost all soil types. It has been included in the RET species (Kavidra et al., 2000).

• Chemical constituents include Alkaloids-Nicotine, Tropine, Pseudotropine, Anaferine, Withanine, Somniferine, Somniferinine, Somnine, Pseudowithanine, Withananine, Withananinine, Isopelletirine, Anahygsine; Withasteroids (steroidal lactone)-Withanolide A, Withanolide E, Withanolide D, Withaferine A, Withanone, 27-hydroxy Withanone.1- 11,13-15,25-28,45,49

• Medicinally used for treating impotency, fever, ulcers, cough, typhoid, rheumatism, leukoderma, hiccup, anxiety, depression, anti-aging, leucorrhoea, diarrhoea, dropsy, hypertension, menstrual troubles, uterosis, dyspepsia and osteoarthritis. It is known to be immunorestorative, provides cardiovascular protection, etc. 11 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Presidential Address

Plate 2 a. Chrysopogon zizanioides b. Withania somnifera

These plants were sown at the selected sites at the optimized stage of development. All relevant physiological parameters of soil and plants were estimated12,18,24,43. The results were interesting, as at least 5-leaf stage plantlets of Vetiver could survive in all experimental conditions and could show best results20.

Plate 3. Vetiver pot and field plantations: a. Plantlets of different growth stage, b-h. three different provenances (DSS, AEE, BEE) at: five months pot plantation (b-d), 12 months under field (e-h)

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The status of organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium content in the soil and in the plantlet underwent modification for the benefit of the soil and plant, even under harsh conditions. Vetiver is known to be suitable for C-sequestration29, yet its stage of plantation and type of soil provenance contribute towards regulation of C-sequestration47. 5-leaf stage of vetiver plantlets was found to be the right stage in terms of tillering, OC and nitrogen status in soil and plant, during 0-5 month study in pots. Both soil as well as plants underwent rise in %OC in 5-leaf stage plantation during 3rd-4th month in DSS and during 4th-5th month in BEE, indicating C-sequestration whereas in all the other sets % OC either declined in soils or in plants indicating net loss of OC. Reclamation of all soils in pots or in field, by growing vetiver plants, in terms of accumulation and increased availability of one or more nutrients in the soils was noted. Whereas, Rumex spp. on the other hand, growing on all polluted sites, was poor in C:N content, nor did conserve the soil.

The below mentioned selective graphic presentations explain this fact:

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Tissue Culture of Chrysopogon zizanioides and Withania somnifera:

Nodal explant exhibited good callus culture with initiation of organogenesis (rooting) in C. zizanioides. Change in Plant Growth Regulator supplementation to MS medium resulted in friable to nodular, white sticky to pink with anthocyanin and organogenetic type cultures. (Plate 4). Plantlet regeneration and hardening could also be achieved from polluted site grown vetiver plants. (Plate 5).

Plate 4. C. zizanioides culm-node Callus raised on different media

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Plate 5. Plantlet regeneration in C. zizanioides (Explant taken from AEE grown potted plants)

The induction of callus, though has been shown by other workers too, is important, as it has been raised in the present study from polluted area (AEE) grown plant’s explant. Such culture is initially painstaking due to excessive possible infection, but its results are cost effective. Farmers may not take up the in vitro procedures, but their collaboration with herbal drug industry might reap them some benefit even out of marginal or wasteland.

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Plate 6. Withania somnifera pot plantation

Plate 7. Withania somnifera on site field plantation

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Plate 8: Callus raised from explants taken from DSS, AEE, BEE grown plants and transferred on various media

Withania somnifera leaf explants taken from control to polluted soil grown plants were effective in developing callus under certain combinations of PGRs supplemented to MS medium. In vitro Plantlet Regeneration in all the experimental sets was also achieved in case of W. somnifera as well (Plate 9).

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Plate 9. Plantlet Regeneration from Withania somnifera calli raised from explants taken from AEE site grown plants

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Interestingly, the analysis of medicinal principles exhibited in vitro production of withanolides. Attempts to produce withanolides through tissue culture have been reported earlier (Heble, 1985; Roja et al., 1991; Banerjee et al., 1994; Vitali et al., 1996, Ray et al., 1996; Furmanova et al., 2001; Ray and Jha, 2001). Sharda et al. (2007) have reported withanolide production by in vitro culture of Withania somnifera and have found its association with differentiation.

Table 1. Withanolides and phenolic content of different plant parts (seeds, leaves and roots) of Withania somnifera pots and field grown plants under selected soil provenances

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As compared to DSS and BEE leaf (from 12 months-old pot plants), total withanolide content increased in the calli on all the combinations of growth regulators used and maximum rise (153.85 and 1050%, respectively) was recorded in the callus sub-cultured on MS+2.0mg/l BAP+0.1mg/l NAA combination.

Conclusions:

5-leaf stage of vetiver plantlets was right stage in terms of tillering, OC (organic carbon) and nitrogen status in soil and plant, during 0-5 months study in pots. Both soil as well as plants underwent rise in %OC in 5-leaf stage plantation during 3rd -4th month in DSS and during 4th -5th month in BEE, indicating C-sequestration whereas in all the other sets % OC either declined in soils or in plants indicating net loss of OC. Reclamation of all soils in pots or in field, by growing vetiver plants, in terms of accumulation and increased availability of one or more nutrients in the soils42,47. Rumex spp. on the other hand, growing on all polluted sites, was poor in C:N content, nor did conserve the soil.

Plantlet regeneration from callus developed using AEE/BEE (polluted sites) grown pot plants was also an achievement. Callus induced on lower 2,4-D concentration (0.5mg/l) led to accumulation of NRS, phenolics, proteins and nitrogen content exhibiting stressed state, rich in secondary metabolites which could be useful for medicinal purpose.

On experimental site net gain in OC, nitrogen, phosphorus, K+ and loss of Na+ indicates usefulness of Withania somnifera in reclamation of soil without its own loss of growth.

As compared to DSS and BEE leaf (from 12 months old pot plants), total withanolide content increased in calli, on all the combinations of growth regulators used, and maximum rise being on 2.0mg/l BAP+0.1 mg/l NAA combination, phenolics declined in contrast to withanolides. The soils exhibited increase in pH. P, K+ in polluted sites in 12 months. OC, Na, K, protein, Reducing sugars increased in potted plants but not in on-site plants. NRS and TS increased in potted and on-site plants. In polluted site-grown plants C-N defence

20 Section XIV : Plant Sciences compounds accumulated as compared to potted plants, where decline in one component was complemented by increase of the same in soil.

In both pot and field plants, in general, reclamation of DSS along with considerable growth and yield of required metabolites has been achieved by Vetiver and Withania plantation. AEE soil exhibited accumulation of P and K+ and decline in Na+ reducing the possibility of salinity damage to the plants.

Utility of the Study:

Both the selected plants for present study i.e. Chrysopogon zizanioides and Withania somnifera can be used for wasteland reclamation.

Above ground part (leaf) of these plants accumulated more medicinal principles when grown on such sites, and can be used for harvesting the medicinal principles without uprooting them, thus minimizing the pressure on such plants and protecting them from being endangered. Pharmaceutical companies can utilize such lands for growing medicinal plants to meet the huge ever increasing requirement, especially Withania somnifera and Chrysopogon zizanioides, without increasing pressure on agricultural land.

Using explants from plants, growing on such sites, more secondary metabolites can be obtained in vitro. The farmer-industry ties might then reap benefits for the marginal land owners as well.

As the objective of the Indian Science Congress is to uphold the rural development using Science and Technology, this simple method of reclaiming the marginal land and achieving cash returns while saving the environment, may be a step to achieve the same.

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I extend my acknowledgements to the Department of Botany, CCS University, Meerut for providing lab facilities, to CSIR for financial assistance and to my research scholars who have faithfully contributed in carrying out this work.

References:

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7. Bhattacharya, S.K., Bhattacharya, D., Sairam, K. and Ghosal, S. (2002). Effect of Withania somnifera glycowithanolides on a rat model of tardive dyskinesia. Phytomedicine; 9: 167-170.

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15. Furmanowa, M. (2001). In vitro propagation of Withania somnifera and isolation of withanolide with immunosuppressive activity. Planta Med., 67: 146-149.

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29. Lavania, U.C. and Lavania, S. 2009. Sequestration of atmospheric carbon into subsoil horizons through deep-rooted grasses-Vetiver grass model. Current Science, 97:618-619. 25 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Presidential Address

30. Leyon, P.V. and Kuttan, G. (2004). Effect of Withania somnifera on B16F-10 melanoma induced metastasis in mice. Phytother. Res.18:118-122.

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36. Ray, S. and Jha, S. (2001). Production of withaferin-A in shoot cultures of Withania somnifera. Planta Med. 67: 432-436.

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38. Roja, G., Heble, M. R. and Sipahimalani, A. T. (1991) Tissue cultures of Withania somnifera: morphogenesis and withanolide synthesis. Phytother. Res.5: 185- 187.

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39. Sangwan, R.S., Chaurasiya, N.D., Lal, P., Misra, L., Uniyal, G.C., Sangwan, N.S. and Tuli, R. (2008). Withanolide A is inherently de novo biosynthesized in roots of the medicinal plant ashwagandha (Withania somnifera). Physiologia Plantarum.133: 278-287.

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46. Vanisree, M., Lee, C.V., Lo, S.F., Nalawade, S.M., Lin, C.N. and Tsay, H.S. (2004). Studies on production of some important secondary metabolites. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 45: 1-22.

47. Vimala, Y. and Kataria, S.K. (2003). Physico-chemical study of vetiver in wetland soil reclamation. Proceedings of Third International Conference on Vetiver and Exhibition. Vetiver and Water. Oct 6-9, pp: 446-450.

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107TH INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESS

January3-7, 2020 Bangalore

II ABSTRACTS OF PLATINUM JUBILEE LECTURE / AWARD LECTURES

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PLATINUM JUBILEE LECTURE

INNOVATIVE HERBAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR SOLDIER & SOCIETY

Rajesh Arora

Scientist ‘F’ & Additional Director, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, DRDO Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi-110054, (Former Director-Life Sciences, Directorate General-Life Sciences, DRDO Headquarters, New Delhi) [email protected]

Keywords: Herbal Technologies, Defence, Soldier, Society

The operational needs of the military necessitate operations under inhospitable and unforgiving environments that can severely impact both physical and cognitive performance of the warriors. Military operations also present a plethora of unique human-related problems due to volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous milieu in which soldiers have to inevitably operate and often there are no expedient solutions available to counter such challenges. Innovative technologies are needed to help the soldier operate unhindered in a highly constrained and challenging environment. While hardware-based military technologies have innovated at a very rapid pace, the human-centric technologies have lagged behind. With a view to filling this gap, DRDO has endeavoured to develop human-centric solutions to the specific problems faced by our soldiers.

The fields of current research focus encompass, but are not limited to: development of intricate life support systems and technologies, promoting health and well-being of soldier, development of strategic support systems; terrain, operation and platform-specific herbal

31 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Platinum Jubilee/Award Lecture

products for prevention/treatment of soldier-specific problems under diverse and difficult environments; chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) countermeasures for protecting the health of troops who might be exposed to various occupational and other toxic/hazardous environments; development of medical countermeasures for achieving protection against the deleterious effects of ionizing radiation and management of radiation emergencies arising due to covert/overt operations by state- and non-state actors; development of fast, rapid, reliable, off-site and on-site detection technologies for the management of emerging and re-emerging pathogens, which pose imminent biothreats, and newer chemical warfare agents that can be life-threatening; design and development of herbal mitigators against multidrug-resistant pathogens and modelling for the management of worst-case biothreat scenarios; herbal vaccine adjuvants; novel technologies for battle wound management, blast injuries and traumatic brain injuries, including development of palliative modalities; herbals for low intensity conflict (LIC) operations and crowd management; state-of-the-art technologies, SOPs, protocols and products for the management of cold and heat injuries; nutritional supplements, ergogenic aids and adaptogens for improved physical and cognitive performance, high-altitude stress management and rapid acclimatization, UV protection; alleviation of sea sickness; prevention of snake bites in snake infested areas; herbal products for vector control in forward areas; nutritional combat rations, appetite modulation and functional military operation-specific foods for land, air and sea warriors; design and development of mission- specific food for astronauts; development of high altitude agro-technologies to meet the fresh food requirement at high altitudes through their cultivation via sustainable rural development model; development of survival gardens for meeting exigencies in land-locked regions; exploiting bioenergy as emergency fuel, systematic documentation of traditional herbal knowledge of inaccessible areas of the country, mainly in high altitude and remote regions; techniques for germplasm conservation of rare, endangered and threatened medicinal and aromatic plant species, including long-term storage in permafrost; unique approaches for augmenting the low-volume, high-value secondary metabolites like podophyllotoxin and its derivatives like demethylpodophylotoxin and podophylotoxin D-glucoside,

32 Section XIV : Plant Sciences camptothecin, vincristine, vinblastine, rutin etc. The protocols developed are immensely useful for sustainable, cheap and reliable alternative production source of anticancer, antioxidant, anti-HIV and radioprotective compounds; frugal technology development for use during disaster management and in National societal missions. The DRDO herbal technologies developed exemplify ‘Made in India’, and several of these have been translated into tangible products and ToT done to the industry. A glimpse of some promising innovative herbal technologies developed, along with emerging trends will be given during the Lecture.

Disclaimer: The views expressed are personal to the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Govt. of India or the Ministry of Defence/DRDO or any other institution/agency whatsoever and may be construed as such. This article includes only unclassified information.

33 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Platinum Jubilee/Award Lecture

DR. V.PURI MEMORIAL AWARD LECTURE:

ROLE OF PHENOTYPIC VARIATIONS IN ESTABLISHMENT OF INVASIVE PLANTS: A CASE STUDY ON PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS L.

Daizy R. Batish

Professor, Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh [email protected]

Keywords: Invasive Plants, Phenotypic Plasticity, Parthenium hysterophorus

Biological invasions are one of the greatest environmental and economic threats of the present era. Globalization and human interventions have resulted in circulation of species across the geographic boundaries. However, not every migrated individual could accommodate itself in an alien environment, except for the ones that possess some specific adaptive attributes. Enormous reproductive potential, ecological adaptability and allelopathic properties are responsible for the widespread growth of invasive plants. These traits account for the biological diversity and ecological functioning and have a significant influence on the survival of the concerned plant species. Further, these adaptive and highly plastic attributes help in the successful transitioning of an exotic plant species into invasive category over the course of time after their introduction. The phenotypic plasticity is also instrumental in establishing an alien plant in the introduced range. The said variations can either be genetic or phenotypic. Identifying them will positively prove useful in understanding the process of selection, fundamental behavior, scope of acclimatization, expansion, management and ultimately the prediction for future invasions. Determining the phenotypic variations in invasive plants particularly Parthenium hysterophorus L. in response to climatic changes may help in estimating their probable response towards the potential seasonal drifts.

34 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

PROF. HIRALAL CHAKRAVARTY AWARD LECTURE:

CUTTING FERTILISERS USE IN CROP PRODUCTION

Jitender Giri

National Institute of Plant Genome Research, ArunaAsaf Ali Road, New Delhi, India, Email: [email protected];

Phosphorus (P) fertilizer’s supply is a strategic issue for India as we depend on imports due to the lack of sufficient reserves in the country. The global source of P is rock phosphate, which is expected to be exhausted in the future. Rice is the largest grown crop in India and consequently consumes a major share of P-fertilisers. Organic-P, which is formed by microbes and decaying biomaterial comprises about ~50% of total soil P. Plants cannot use organic-P before it is mineralized to release free P. This process is slow and plants rely on microbes for the secretion of enzymes which can release the free P from organic compounds. We have identified genes in rice which encode enzymes for the mineralization of organic-P in soil. These enzymes, named Purple Acid Phosphatases (PAPs),could mineralize P from a variety of organic-P forms. We raised transgenic rice overproducing PAPs and demonstrated an enhanced secretion of these enzymes by the roots of engineered plants. These transgenic plants were then grown in a soil where organic manure was used as a sole source of fertilizers, including P. Remarkably; engineered lines displayed a better growth and productivity over non-transgenic plants. The use of such improved rice lines can, therefore, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers in rice cultivation. Our work has also demonstrated the key role of root architecture traits in improving P uptake from the soil in rice. Such strategies can help achieve the goal of sustainable food production.

35 36 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

107TH INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESS

January 3-7, 2020

Bangalore

III ABSTRACTS OF SYMPOSIUM/INVITED LECTURES

A. Foreign Invited Speaker Invited talk by Prof. Tetsuro MIMURA: 39

B. Symposium - I: Secondary Plantations In Rural Development: 43 C. Symposium - II: Environmental & Experimental Botany In 57 Rural Development:

37 38 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

Invited talk by Foreign Scientist

CELL- SPECIFIC ANALYSIS OF LOCALIZATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES IN MEDICINAL PLANT.

Tetsuro MIMURA1, Kotaro YAMAMOTO1, 2, Mai UZAKI1, Miwa OHNISHI1, Hajime MIZUNO3, Tsutomu MASUJIMA4, Katsutoshi TAKAHASHI5. 1 Kobe University, 2 Max Planck Institute, 3 The University of Shizuoka, 4 RIKEN, 5AIST

Keywords: Catharanthus roseus, MIA

Most plants produce secondary metabolites, such as terpenoids, alkaloids and/or fravonoids, against herbivores or pathogenic microorganisms. It is also well known that these substances are important for human lives as luxury grocery items or medicines, etc. Thus, there are many researches on metabolic pathways, enzymes, or genes involving secondary metabolites.

Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don is a famous medicinal plant producing antitumor drugs, such as vinblastine and vincristine, which are classified as monoterpenoidindole alkaloid (MIA). MIA biosynthesis of C. roseus is not completed in one type of cells. Iridoid compound secologanin biosynthesized through MEP pathway in IPAP cell, and indole derivativetryptamine made in epidermal cells through shikimate pathway, are condensed to strictosidine, central precursor of MIA in vacuoles of epidermal cells. After some reactions on strictosidine in epidermis, intermediates and final products are accumulated in specialized cells so called idioblast cells and laticifer cells. At present, althoughthe synthetic pathway of MIA is well studied because of its value for human life, the relation between MIA biosynthesis and metabolic differentiation of these cells are remaining as the primary subject.

39 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Symposium / Invited Lectures

To clarify above subjects, we used cutting-edge metabolome analyses, that are Imaging MS and Single cell MS, in order to detect what kinds of MIAs localize in various cells in each tissue. In our measurement, we found that MIA compositions of each cell are different from what was previously assumed by the expression analysis of genes of enzymes. Further, we found that secondary metabolite compositions of idioblast and laticifer cells differently change dependent on the leaf age.

In the present lecture, we would like to introduce a new methodology and cell biological analysis for localization of secondary metabolites in a medicinal plant.

40 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

Symposium-I

SECONDARY PLANTATIONS IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT

41 42 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

GREENING AND GREEN ENERGY PRODUCTION AS MAJOR COMPONENTS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL WARMING INDUCED CLIMATE CHANGE

Debashis Banerji Advisor Bioscience, Baba Amte Centre for People’s Empowerment, Samaj Pragati Sahayog, Bagli, Distt Dewas, MP, India (Formerly, Professor of Botany, CCS University, Meerut, India) [email protected]

Keywords: Green Energy, Kharif, Rain water Harvesting, Climatic change

In recent times, global warming induced climate change has become quite apparent globally.

Such climate change is adversely affecting the farming sector of Rural India, especially of the drylands, which constitute 70 % of India. This is happening through, for instance, untimely rain withdrawal during sowing and downpours at preharvest phase, in both kharif and rabi seasons. It is imperative, therefore, to incorporate and implement preventive measures as Greening and shift to Green Energy, in the paradigms of rural development to contain global warming. Our, nearly three decades of successful holistic watershed development work, in some rainfed drylands of MP, India have indicated some paths ahead in this direction. A village is delimited as an ecological watershed unit and holistic developmental work is implemented with Water Conservation as the fulcrum. Without proper surface and ground water resource, Greening, involving, successful farming, agrohorticulture, afforestation, forest regeneration etc., and Green energy production, as, biogas (besides solar panels) etc., are not optimally feasible. Our interventions, with the majority small and marginal farmers, therefore, involve, community based, rainwater harvesting, coupled to a sustainable biofarm agro-horticulture culture programme, proper land use planning, on way to proper survival and Greening. Further, for energy self sufficiency

43 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Symposium / Invited Lectures

and prevention of fire wood cutting, alternative renewable energy sources as Biogas use has been extensively introduced besides use of solar panels, a step towards Green Energy. The process of water harvesting generated primary employment and due to filling of dry wells, rainfed kharif farming got extended to rabi season also, thus generating further employment. There have been other, interventions too, as women SHG federations, women based agri producer company, income generating programmes etc. These works over the years, led to increase in farm area, forest regeneration, plantations etc., and specially prevention of outmigration. With people staying back in the villages and strong women groups, Greening and use of renewable Green Energy could be done with community participation. The micro work could be upscaled to Macro level through empowerment programme in our Baba Amte Centre for People’s Empowerment. The main learning has been that, all development paradigms must have environmental regeneration and employment generation as major components and that the economic system has to be a subsystem of the ecosystem and not overwhelm and destroy the ecosystem. Then only, one can hope for prevention of destructive global warming in future generations.

PROSPECTING TRAIT-SPECIFIC GENES FROM INDIAN MULBERRY

Nataraja N Karaba Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru [email protected]

Keywords: Indian Mulberry, leaf surface wax, PUFs

The major goal of tree improvement programme is sustainable management of genetic resources to produce or develop well-adapted genotypes of the desired traits or quality. In recent years, efforts are being made for targeted manipulation of specific traits in trees, through genetic engineering approaches. For such approaches, precise understanding of

44 Section XIV : Plant Sciences molecular mechanisms associated with the traits is pre-requisite. Although general mechanisms linked to specific traits studied in model plant systems like Arabidopsis can be used for engineering the trees systems, some of the traits cannot be targeted as perennial systems have evolved more complex and diverse approaches to modulate growth and development. Therefore, there is a need to look for a good tree model system to understand the underlying molecular, biochemical and physiological mechanisms that coordinate their growth and development. We are using Mulberry (Morus sp.), a fast-growing perennial plant being cultivated extensively for commercial silk production, as model tree system (Dhanyalakshmi and Nataraja 2018). Mulberry is known for its high adaptability to diverse abiotic stress conditions, including drought. We attempted to evaluate drought tolerant traits, namely water conservation and cellular tolerance mechanisms in mulberry and validated many genes linked to the traits. We demonstrated that leaf surface wax load and crystal morphology are crucial for water conservation (Mamrutha et al., 2010; Mamrutha et al., 2017). With the help of transcriptomic aproach we identified many upstream regulatory genes associated with cellular tolerance (Dhanyalakshmi et al., 2016; Sajeevan and Nataraja, 2016). Many stress-responsive proteins of unknown functions (PUFs) have been identified and partially validated. One of the PUFs, identified as Universal stress proteins (USPs)- like, was found to impart cellular level tolerance under stress. We also identified and validated an RNA binding protein (RBPs-like gene), which contributed for cellular level tolerance. The information generated in mulberry would be useful for targeted trait improvement in crops.

45 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Symposium / Invited Lectures

ROLE OF ETHNO-BOTANY IN SEARCH OF NEWER DRUG PLANTS & IN CONSERVATION OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY: SOME CONCERNS & ISSUES

R. R. Rao, FNASc., FASc., FNA. INSA Honorary Scientist, Bengaluru (C 303, 6th main, 16th cross, Indiranagar, Bangalore– 560 038) (formerly, Director level Scientist, CSIR-NBRI ans CSIR-CIMAP) [email protected]

Keywords: ‘Ethno botany’, ethnic tribes, medicinal plants, biodiversity.

The term ‘Ethno-botany’ was coined by Harshberger in 1876 to denote ‘the study of plants used by aboriginal people’. Today the term denotes the entire realm of direct relationship between plants and human population. Indian region is one of the greatest Emporia of ethno-botanical wealth and a store house of traditional knowledge. The profound traditional knowledge on resource use and their conservation by the ethnic tribes provide modern scientists with unparalleled opportunities for research and product development. The ethno-botanical diversity of medicinal plants in India is very huge and have great potential for drug development. However, use of number of diverse, unrelated medicinal plant species for a particular ailment by different ethnic tribes in India is one major issue observed with regard to the use of traditional medicinal plants. The author stresses the need for Short listing and prioritizing the ethnic leads for a specific ailment by cris-crossing of information through cross-cultural ethno-botanical studies among different ethnic tribes within a country and then compare with other developing countries in the region for intense bio prospecting and drug development. Use of a particular species for the same ailment by different unrelated ethnic groups indicates the efficacy and potential of these plants for drug development. Therefore, intensive ethno botanical surveys followed by cross-cultural studies are essential to extract the valuable information on medicinal plants for ultimate drug development for human welfare. However, the lack of tribe wise ethno-

46 Section XIV : Plant Sciences botanical database is projected as one of the major constraints in this direction. Speaking on the enormous floristic diversity in India, the author also highlights how the tribal wisdom helps in conservation of Biological diversity. It is stressed that the tribal people are the true conservators of biodiversity through their indigenous ways of protection and management of forests. Some such ways of conservation of biological diversity by tribal populations through taboos and beliefs are also discussed.

TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT USING ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY

S.K. Barik, FNASc Director, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226001 [email protected]

Keywords: Phytoremediation, Sodic soils, Secondary metabolites, Microbial technologies

In order to make environmental and experimental botany more relevant in India, technologies and products for rural development need to be developed using these two sciences. The science of Environmental Botany has contributed immensely to the growth of environmental biotechnology in India. These technologies range from amelioration of problematic sodic soils by applying growth promoting bacterial and fungal consortia to plant-based phytoremediation technologies. Microbial technologies along with nutrient and plant augmentation/stimulation have proved to be effective in degrading several toxic soil pollutants such as arsenic, HCH and cyanide, and reclaiming the wastelands. Experimental Botany that deals with the fundamental processes or mechanisms in plants provides valuable leads to the improvement of plants for the sustainable production of food, fuel, targeted secondary metabolites for healthcare, and renewable materials. The author has presented a few case studies on above aspects highlighting the technologies and products of CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute for rural development, which were invented based on the science of environmental and experimental botany.

47 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Symposium / Invited Lectures

VETIVER ECOSYSTEM SERVICE MODEL IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Seshu Lavania Professor, Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow, Immediate Past President, Plant Science Section of ISCA [email protected]

Keywords: Vetiver plantations, Ecosystem service

Vetiver grass, Chrysopogon zizaniodes (L) Roberty, a C4 grass native to India has been traditionally used for its perfumery roots and hedges for contour protection. Although, vetiver oil is a perfume in its own right and highly valued in perfumery industry, instead this grass is now used for environmental conservation, pollution mitigation, landslide disaster management, river bank and slope stabilization in over 100 countries. However, to realize its utility in environmental protection as bioengineering tool in eco-plantations, it is desirable that the plantations are useful to the local communities without disturbing the plantations per se for their sustainability. Value added agricultural practices such as intercropping between vetiver hedge rows, utilization of above ground part as forage and in handicraft industry vis-à-vis reclamation of wastelands and problem soils are prospective measures under Ecosystem Service Model. All such issues shall be discussed with illustrated examples beginning with formulation of plantation strategies and implementation of practices.

48 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

CRUCIAL ROLE OF BIOLOGISTS AND EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTES IN CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY IN 21ST CENTURY

S. R. Yadav, FNASc, FNA INSA Senior Scientist, Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416 004 (MS) [email protected]

Keywords: Biodiversity consrervation, Deforestation, Mega-diversity

Plants have played and will play a fundamental role in continuous augment and sustain the diversity of life along with their own diversity. The flowering plants are of utmost importance for the progress of humankind and rest of the animal world. Angiosperms are ubiquitous and greatly diversified totalling to nearly 2,53,300 species belonging to about 13,372 genera and 485 families. However, human activities have resulted into 6th mass extinction and major cause for this extinction is man himself threatening the very existence of Homo sapiens themselves. Deforestation, modification and destruction of habitats, pollution, globalization, invasive weeds, forest fires, agriculture, climate change etc are major causes of biodiversity loss. We are destructing 300 acres of forest per hour and losing 1-2 species of flowering plantsper hour for all the 365 days of a year. We will be losing 50% of biodiversity by the end of 21st century. Under this circumstance and with increasing human population, the world is undergoing acute problem of shortage of bio-resources, food, fodder, medicines etc and facing serious problems of global warming, pollution, invasions by weeds, rampant destruction of forests, plundering of the planet leading to impoverished planet earth.

India, the 7th largest country in the world and 2nd largest nation in Asia with an area of 3,287,263 sq km is blessed with diversity of habitats supporting high biodiversity. India has only 2.4% of the total land mass of the world but has about 11% of the total floristic

49 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Symposium / Invited Lectures

diversity. The country is one of the 18 Mega-diversity Centers and shares 4 of the 34 global hotspots of biodiversity. There are about 18700 species of flowering plants belonging to about 2990 genera of which 977 genera are endemic. In India about 25 major and minor crop plant species were domesticated and about 1500 wild edible plants species are used by villagers. Of the 3000 medicinal species recorded in India, 85% of which are wild. Similarly, about 10,000 wild plant species are used by native communities and the tribal people use around 3900 species as edible, 8000 as medicine. Thus, India is the treasure house of tremendous biodiversity.

MANGROVE FOREST RESTORATION OR REHABILITATION: DO WE HAVE RESTORED ALL ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS IT ORIGINALLY PROVIDED?

Sahadev Sharma1*, Richard A MacKenzie2 1 Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2 Institute of Pacific Island Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, Hawaii, USA [email protected]

Keywords: Mangrove, subtropical coastal areas, ecosystem, deforestation

Mangrove forest provides several ecosystem services along the tropical and subtropical coastal areas. Though, they are very important and fragile ecosystem around half of global mangrove area covered has lost due to degradation and deforestation. Mangrove restoration and rehabilitation program have increased in last 15 years through involving local coastal communities, where they depend on mangroves for their livelihood. These restoration and rehabilitation programs undertaken to established lost ecosystem services they provide especially coastal protection in context of local communities. However, it is still unclear if they are providing the same ecosystem services as pristine forest and how long it takes for these forests to provide same services?

50 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

AN APPRAISAL ON THE FLORA OF EASTERN GHATS, INDIA.

T. Pullaiah1 and S. Karuppusamy2 Department of Botany, Sri Krishnadevaya University, Anantapur1, Andhra Pradesh; Department of Botany, The Madura College, Madurai – 625 0112, Tamil Nadu. [email protected]

Keywords: Eastern Ghats, Dicotyledons, Monocotyledons, Gymnosperms

Eastern Ghats has broken hillocks and discontinuous ranges, plains in between with the species rich zones. The area is rich in number of wild and cultivated plant species. A total number of 3,417 seed plants have been recorded from the area. Among them dominant Dicotyledons are represented by 1170 genera and 3411 species and Monocotyledons with 304 genera and 978 species. Gymnosperms are represented by 2 genera with 6 species. Of the 178 families of Angiosperms, about 14 families have more than 40 species contributing to the 53.6 % of the total number of plant species. Among them Poaceae has the maximum number of species (365 with 112 genera) followed by Leguminosae (346 species with 72 genera). Family Euphorbiaceae and Cyperaceae have more than 150 species. Asteraceae and Rubiaceae has than 100 species in Eastern Ghats. Other dominant families are Lamiaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Convolvulaceae, Malvaceae, Commelinaceae, Amaranthaceae and Moraceae. Crotalaria and Cyperus are dominant & highly diversified in Eastern Ghats with 49 and 44 species respectively. They are followed by Euphorbia (40 species), Fimbristylis (32 species), Ficus (28 species), Leucas (28 species), and Indigofera (26 species). Other large genera are Ipomoea (24 species), Phyllanthus (22 species), Cassia (22 species), Eragrosits (21 species), Argyreia (20 species), Eriocaulon (19 species), Solanum (19 species), Grewia, Desmodium, Acacia (18 species each), Hibiscus, Alysicarpus, Hedyotis (17 species each), Commelina, Jasminum and Rhyncosia (15 species each). In recent years genera Huberantha, Xylopia,

51 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Symposium / Invited Lectures

Calopogonium, Centrosema, Clidemia, Diodella, Asechynanthus and Monothecium have been added to the Flora of Eastern Ghats by many authors. Genus Odisha is exclusively endemic to Eastern Ghats. A total of 166 endemic taxa, under 117 genera belonging to 43 families are known to occur in Eastern Ghats (Singh et al., 2015). But recently many more new species have been added. The endemic taxa include 135 dicots and 50 monocots with 3 Gymnosperms. Poaceae have the maximum representation of 27 endemics followed by Acanthaceae (18 species), Asclepiadaceae (19 species) and Orchidaceae (15 species).

NON-CONVENTIONAL BREEDING APPROACHES FOR GENETIC ENHANCEMENT OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS

Umesh C Lavania, FNASc, FNA INSA Senior Scientist, Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow 226-007 [email protected]

Keywords: Bud sport mining, fixation of heterozygosity, polyploidy and body size, polyploidy and lodging resistance, Fiber FISH, In situ DNA methylation

Secondary agriculture largely relies on plants that are valued in pharmaceutical, perfumery and spice industry. In most cases the source of economic product constitutes an array of secondary active principles that are either stored in storage tissues or secreted / contained in specialized somatic cells and tissues. Curiously, most such resource plants are deficient in sexual reproductive system. However, such plants sport efficient vegetative propagation and are enriched with inherent heterozygosity. In the absence of sexual reproduction, the so-called inherent heterozygosity could not be tapped by conventional breeding methods. Instead non-conventional methods of eliciting bud-sport / somatic mutations need to be resorted to unearth de novo diversity. Also, polyploidy approach offers opportunity to enhance concentration of secondary metabolites. Success achieved over the past two

52 Section XIV : Plant Sciences decades in our institutional division in general, and author’s laboratory in particular, would be presented supported with practical examples, with specific emphasis on : (i) elicitation of high incidence of bud sport formation, (ii) polyploidy in the development of elite clones for high secondary metabolite productivity, (iii) differential effect of polyploidy on body size, (ii) polyploidy in fixation of intra- and intergenomic heterozygosity, (iv) tapping of inherent heterozygosity through clo-line breeding.

53 54 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

Symposium-II

ENVIRONMENTAL & EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT

55 56 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

CLIMATE CHANGE AND FOOD SECURITY

C. Manoharachary, FNASc Department of Botany, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500007 [email protected]

Keywords: Climate change, Crop productivity, Global warming and pests

Climate change is one of the most importantglobal environmental problems today. Global Warming, Gradual increase of temperature of earth’s atmosphere and its oceans, are believed to be changing the climate. This change may be specific to regions or occurs across the world. Man- made activities and changes in natures activities are the possible reasons. Atmospheric temperatures may increase to the tune of 1.8-4.00 c by the end of 2100.The

emission of CO2, CO, CH4 and ozone depletion will affect rainfall, crop productivity, pests, diseases and alternation of global climate. Cyclones, floods, draught, decreased snow covers, erratic monsoon, increased pest and diseases are the possible effects. Increase in temperature may reduce the crop yields. Increase in insect population, fungal and microbial pathogens will affect crop productivity. Increase in population results require boosting crop production. However, due to climate change, food accessfood utilization and food stability are going to be hampered as possible impact of climate change. All the related aspects and prospects of the climate change and food security will be discussed.

57 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Symposium / Invited Lectures

ROLE OF PHENOTYPIC VARIATIONS IN ESTABLISHMENT OF INVASIVE PLANTS: A CASE STUDY ON PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS L.

Daizy R. Batish Professor, Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh [email protected]

Keywords: Invasive Plants, Phenotypic Plasticity, Parthenium hysterophorus

58 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

POTASSIUM- SOLUBILLISING PROTEUS MIRABILIS MG 738216 INHABITING CATTLE DUNG IN NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY IN FOENICULUM VULGARE MILL.

Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari Dept. of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India [email protected]

Keywords: Buffalo dung, Potassium solubilisation, Proteus mirabilis, Foeniculum vulgare

The present research is aimed to evaluate buffalo dung inhabiting potassium solubilising bacteria comprising characteristics of plant growth promotion to improve growth and yield of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. To harness the potassium solubilising aerobic bacteria (KSB), buffalo dung was a suitable source of PGP bacteria that may enhance vegetative and reproductive parameters of F. vulgare.15 KSB isolates were selected for solubilizing insoluble potassium in the form of mica powder. Four isolates BUFF12, BUFF14, BUFF23 and BUFF38 havung abilities of plant growth promotion such as IAA production, P sollubilisation, phytase production, etc. performed better after seed bacterization for raising the plants. Prior to that, these bacterial isolates were observed for solubilizing mica powder in the medium. The most potential isolate was identified as Proteus mirabilis on the basis of 16s rRNA gene sequencing. It exhibited the most pronounce advantageous effect of plant a nutrient uptake by F. vulgare. Proteus mirabilis is proved as a bio-inoculant and canbe used as substitute of K fertilizer for raising healthy seed crop of F. vulgare.

59 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Symposium / Invited Lectures

THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL AND DIVERSITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH CALOTROPIS PROCERA

J.P.Yadav Professor, Department of Genetics, M. D. University, Rohtak-124001, India [email protected]

Keywords: Endophytic mycoflora, Diversity, Calotropis procera, Bioactive compounds

Endophytes are the microorganisms which inhabit inside the living tissues of plants without causing any apparent disease symptoms for their whole life or a short period of span. Among all endophytes, endophytic fungi are considered as one of the most important component of plant micro-ecosystem. In the present study plant samples were collected from 10 geographically different sites, covering five agro-climatic zones of India to isolate the endophytic mycoflora associated with C. procera. Tissues of Calotropis procera were reported to be rich in endophytic fungi population, reported the presence of 20 endophytic fungi belong to the Ascomycota and Zygomycota classes predominately. Geographic locations and tissue type significantly influence the colonization frequency of endophytic fungi. C. procera reported to harbour a large diversity of endophytic fungi. Fungal isolated were identified by using ITS1 and ITS4 pair primer. Highest numbers of isolates were obtained from leaf followed by root and stem tissues. Endophytic fungi isolated from C. procera reported to possess considerable antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. GCMS analysis revealed the volatile phytoconstituents present in various fungal extracts. AgNPs synthesized by using A. terreus and A. nomius exhibited significant antibacterial activity against reference and multidrug resistant strains. These endophytic fungi can be explored further for the isolation and identification of pure bioactive compound solely responsible for these activities. The systemic exploration of endophytic mycoflora associated with different tissues of C. procera may provide information about the plant-

60 Section XIV : Plant Sciences microbe relationship and bioactive compounds synthesized by them. The synthesis of pure bioactive compounds from these endophytic fungi by culturing on large scale may be used for rural development.

BOOSTING GREEN CHEMICALS IN AGRICULTURE IN ADDITION TO PHARMA SECTOR UNDER MAKE IN INDIA

N.K.Dubey, FNASc Professor, Department of Botany, Banaras hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India [email protected]

Keywords: grey chemicals, agri-food industries, green chemicals

The progressive “Make in India” campaign aims to turn the country into a global manufacturing hub. The vision behind this campaign is to put the country on the global manufacturing map, thereby, to facilitate the inflow of new technology and capital and creating a large number of jobs. Agricultural and pharmaceutical sectors are two important pillars on which human civilization is built up. India is a mega- biodiversity rich country and has varied climatic zones comprising approximately 17000-18000 species of flowering plants of which 6000-7000 are estimated to have medicinal usage in folk practices. In India, around 25,000 effective plant-based formulations are used in traditional and folk medicine and the country enjoys an important position in the global pharmaceuticals sector.

However, exploration of phyto-chemicals is currently gaining momentum in the agriculture sector also so as to formulate some novel plant based green pesticides for the management of agricultural pests In view of post application side effects such as pest resistance , residual toxicity , non – biodegradable nature, ozone layer depleting effects, disruption of ecological balance and interference with the reproduction of non target species, most of the synthetic chemicals ( often called as grey chemicals or xenobiotics) used as pesticides have their own limitations . Hence, exploration of plant products (green chemicals) is

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gaining importance so as to formulate some novel plant based pesticides for the sustainable management of agriculture pests. Plant based formulations are chiefly biodegradable and are recognized as better sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives of synthetic pesticides in food security. The most attractive aspect of using such plant chemicals in agricultural pest- management is their mode of action as semiochemical or behaviour altering inhibiting the growth and metabolism of pests without killing them. Such growth regulatory approach in pest control is being more accepted currently. Rotenone (root of Derris elliptica), nicotine (leaves of Nicotiana tabacum), pyrethrins (flower of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium), azadirachtin (seeds of Azardiracta indica), piperine (seeds of Piper nigrum), eugenol (clove essential oil), and menthol (Mentha sps. essential oil) are some plants-derived commercially available bioactive compounds used in agri-food industries Cinnamon, clove, lemongrass, oregano, thyme, nutmeg, basil, carvone, cinnamaldehyde, citral, eugenol, limonene, menthol, linalool, etc. are kept in generally recognised as safe (GRAS) and are used as preservatives in United State with wide coverage. Biodiversity rich countries like India, China, Sri Lanka, Brazil, and Africa have n a vast traditional knowledge on use of plants and their products in agriculture in pest control. Hence, there is a lot of scope for India to achieve global leadership in the field of green pesticides to be sustainably and eco- friendly used in agriculture sector. Looking in to different acts of biopiracy exploiting indigenous knowledge on herbal products without recognition of the owner country, there is need for bioprospection of Indian flora for novel formulations to be used in agriculture as well as pharma sector.

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GENETICS AND GENOMIC RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT IN UNDERUTILIZED LEGUME MUCUNA PRURIENS (L.) DC. – ISSUES AND PERSPECTIVES

N. Sathyanarayna Professor,Department of Botany, Sikkim Universit,Gangtok-737102, East Sikkim [email protected]

Keywords: Mucuna pruriens, L-Dopa, Parkinson’s disease

Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC var. utilis, commonly called velvet bean is a tropical legume cover crop with promising agronomic potentials. It is also a key source of 3,4 dihydroxy- L-phenylalanine (L-Dopa) – a precursor of dopamine used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. However, lack of well-characterized germplasm plus poor accessibility to genomic resources has hindered its breeding programs.

Systematic collection and evaluation of Indian germplasm of M.pruriens by our group revealed presence of a diverse genepool in India that can support a variety of breeding needs. The stability of L-Dopa trait across the environments, examined through Genotype and environment (G×E) interaction studies, as well as barcoding and phylogenetic analyses based on conserved nuclear and chloroplast genes showed promising results. Germplasm screening for select biotic abiotic stresses identified resilient genotypes. Progress in use of DNA markers for diversity analysis, linkage map development, QTL mapping, as well as challenges and achievements in genomic resources development are discussed.

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ECOFRIENDLY SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLES TO ENHANCE THE AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION

N. Savithramma Vice principal, SVU College of sciences SV UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI- Andhra Pradesh [email protected]

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Crop yield

Nanotechnology became an inevitable booster in all fields of life at present scenario. Production of nanoparticles (NPs) through plants is cost effective fast and environmentally benign. Hence the present study is aimed to enhance the crop yield by application of phyto NPs. Calcium Copper Zinc, Iron and Silver NPs were synthesized from various plant parts and tested for in vitro and in vivo seed germination seedling growth and development of pulses, oil crops medicinal plants. The enhanced improvement of all parameters in treated plants due to these phyto NPs are reached to all parts through the inter and intra cellular spaces and maintaining the optimum levels of nutrients in agriculture field.

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VERSATILITY OF SECONDARY METABOLITES: A COHESIVE VIEW ON DIVERSITY, EVOLUTION, FUNCTIONAL ROLES AND ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTIONS

P. Giridhar Plant Cell Biotechnology Department CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru-570 020, India [email protected]

Keywords: Nutraceutical foods, PSMs, pharmaceutical

The enormous and growing body of literature on the field have uncovered that Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) satisfy a plenty of basic jobs in plants. These secondary metabolites are the real sources for the advancement of nutraceutical foods, pharmaceutical, and restorative applications. Their production is impacted by qualitatively and quantitatively on the natural variables or atmosphere driven changes. The high carbon dioxide discharges lead to surplus energy loss, and on the secondary metabolite induction in plants. This is additionally connected with the measure of precipitation, changes in ecological temperatures and a portion of the soil nutrients, for example, calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium and copper and so forth. Of late investigations underscoring the practical job of PSMs other than defense and oxidative stress prompted a reestablished enthusiasm, opening another dimension for the PSMs explore. It is worthy to unite the information got so far with respect to diversity and functions of PSMs, featuring their adaptability and the noteworthy jobs in plants. As of late, the utilization of metabolomics way to deal with the impact of the ecological factors on the secondary metabolite production of some important plants was studied. There ought to be optimized environmental conditions and contamination or pollution free climatic conditions for the best possible combination of primary and secondary metabolites creation. Moreover, an outline is in transit wherein one can comprehend the ecological guidelines to enhance secondary metabolites content in foods, that offers new implications. Likewise, a state-of-the-art outline of PSMs in response to ecological signals will be discussed together with suggestions for future directions of research.

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MULTIFUNCTIONAL MICROBIAL STIMULANTS FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE

Rana Pratap Singh Professor, Department of Environmental Science,Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow – 226025, India [email protected]; Web: www.ranapratap.in

Keywords: Biofertilizers, Biopesticides, Climate resilient, Organic agriculture, Soil microbes.

Stagnation or decline in agricultural productivity and increasing agro-climatic changes due to global warming are major concerns of the agriculture and food security today. About 99% of microbial resources are not known and even about 1% which have been reported indicate that rhizospheric soil microbes possess significant plant growth promoting and disease management activities. The application of plant growth promoting microbes are our hope for future agriculture as it has potential to maintain the productivity without compromising to the food quality. The efficacy of microbial inoculants is, however, inconsistent due to sensitiveness of PGPMs to the odd agro-climatic conditions and its competition with the native microflora. Hence, the farmers are not adopting them as biofertilizers or biopesticides and at large scale. The use of agro chemicals in agriculture cause enormous health hazards and water pollution and also require a lot of energy and economic inputs. Hence, development of biostimulants with higher efficacy and stability in different agro-climatic conditions is required urgently. We have isolated microbes from different agro-climatic conditions having different plant growth promoting activities and tolerance to drought, heat, salinity and pesticide etc. The consortia of certain compatible PGPMs are showing better efficacy and stability than single organisms. The multifunctional microbes included in the consortia are yet becoming more effective during the cultivation of crops e.g. wheat, spinach, maize etc, if immobilized in granules using organic carriers. We have developed cost effective organic matrix based super granules as carrier for microbial consortia and applied them in the experimental plots of wheat, rice and other

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plants which show enhanced productivity and better soil fertility over conventional microbial inoculants. Our results indicate that the efficacy of microbes can be optimized by entrapping them in suitable matrix or carriers. We are attempting to translate our experimental results in the farmers’ field and establish industrial linkages for its commercialization.

ARSENIC CONTAMINATION, TOXICITY AND PHYTOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL OF AS- HYPERACCUMULATOR FERNSPECIES

Shanti S. Sharma1 and Vijay Kumar2 1Professor, Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Sikkim University, Gangtok 737102, India2Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005 [email protected]

Keywords: Superoxide dismutase, Lepisoruscontortus, Polypodiodes microrhizoma, K+-efflux

Heavy metal (HM) and metalloid burden on the environment considerably restricts the plant productivity and yield and through persistence in the food chain threatens human and animal health. Arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater and agricultural land, owing to diverse natural and anthropogenic reasons, exposes millions of people worldwide especially in South-East Asia. The consumption of As-contaminated rice constitutes a major source of As in the food chain. jThe exposure to Asis associated with increased incidents of skin ailments, physiological, genotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects; it is a Class I carcinogen. Plants have evolved several strategies for cellular detoxification of As. They involve chemical transformation of As, complexation by de novo synthesized phytochelatins (PCs) and sequestration into vacuoles via specific ABC transporter(s). A clearer understanding of As detoxification strategies is central to the realization of phytoremediation of As contaminated situations. Identification of the Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata) as

67 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Symposium / Invited Lectures

the first Ashyperaccumulator (Ma et al., 2001) led to the possibility of involving ferns for phytoremediation of As decontaminated agricultural soils. Subsequently, a fewother fern species have been identified to be As-tolerant and hyperaccumulators with varying As- accumulation efficiencies. We screened certain W. Himalayan fern species belonging to Pteridaceae (Pteris vittata L. and P. cretica L.) and Polypodiaceae (Polypodiodes microrhizoma (C. B. Clarke ex Baker) Ching and Lepisorus contortus (H. Chirst) Ching) for arsenic tolerance. Thus, using a rapid leaf (pinna) slice assay, a comparative analysis of membrane integrity/strength and antioxidative defense was performed. In response to As treatment, loss of K+-ions, an indicator of membrane damage, from pinna segments of Polypodiodes microrhizoma (Polypodiaceae) was found to be much greater than that in case of Pteris vittata and P. cretica (Pteridaceae). Involvement of K+-efflux channels in K+ leakage could be excluded pharmacologically. In view of the similarities of As effects

with those of Cu, a redox element and H2O2, an oxidant, the membrane damage could be ascribed to oxidative stress. Analysis of the activities of antioxidative enzymes namely, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) revealed substantially elevated strength of the antioxidant defense system in the Pteridaceae members than in the other group. The findings point to the suitability of leaf/pinna assay for rapid and reliable screening for As-tolerance and have implications for phytoremediation involving the concerned fern species.

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PLANT-INSECT INTERACTIONS: TIME TO UNLOCK MOLECULAR MECHANISMS

Vidya Patni and Uma Kant Plant Pathology, tissue culture and biotechnology laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004 [email protected]

Keywords: Host-pathogen interaction, Systemic Acquired Resistance, Defense.

To gain an in depth understanding ofinteractions between plant and insect, numerous studies have already been carried out from the plant as well as from the insect perspectives, which reveals that there is precise communication between the plant and the residinginsect. Plants serve as host for vast numbers of nematodes and insects. During incompatible interactions, plants trigger a series of complex defense responses against pathogenic interactions to forestall pathogen growth. In general, two types of defenses are induced in plants during interaction with insects; local and systemic defense responses. A systematic or long-term response not only restrict pathogen infection locally, but also induce signals that enhance defense responses to pathogens in distal systemic tissues, a phenomenon known as systemic acquired resistance (SAR). More and more pathogen genomes are being sequenced, so fungal proteomics is reaching its full potential and remains the chosen technology to unravel the molecular pathways of pathogenicity and resistance. While molecular mechanisms in insects are lagging behind from plant perspectives. Proteomic strategies have proved successful on various plant-interacting insect species. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, labelling with isobaric tags followed by two-dimensional HPLC separation can be proved the best mechanisms. Proteins of interest are then identified using mass spectrometry. Patho-stress response in different plant families varies during the invasion of same or different insect species. A major puzzle is how interaction and communication could increase fitness in plant at molecular level.To meet the current challenges of food insecurity, proteins that control crop architecture and/or stress resistance in a wide range of environments need to be identified to facilitate the biological improvement of crop productivity. To identify such proteins, state-ofthe-art proteomic techniques are the best choice for scientists.

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STRESS ADAPTATION IN PLANTS

Vinay Sharma , FNASc Director, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan- 303002 Former Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Vanasthali Vidyapeeth, Rajasthan [email protected]

Keywords: Stress, Butea monosperma ,Capparis sepiaria , V-ATPase

Overall, the geo-climatic conditions in the area in and around Banasthali region located in south-east Rajasthan typify a semi-arid stress environment and is characterized by sandy- loam soil with high pH, low infiltration rates, high Na+ and low organic nutrients. Butea monosperma TAUB. (Fabaceae) is the most widespread, naturally growing endemic dominant tree of Sanjay Van, a tropical dry deciduous forest located on a hilly slope near Banasthali. The forest has two other somewhat less abundant woody species, besides a few others, viz. a tall shrub Capparis sepiaria L. (Capparidaceae) and the woody liana- type shrub Cocculus hirsutus (L.) Diels. (Menispermaceae). The present study was undertaken to know the dominance and stress adaptation of B. monosperma a naturally growing plant species. Our results conclusively established that under the stress conditions characterized by scarcity of water, mineral deficiency, high irradiance and temperature, all of which together prevailed at the study site in Sanjay Van, the naturally growing woody species, in particular the dominant tree, B. monosperma showed traits well suited for adaptation as witnessed specially by their photosynthetic performance, mineral ion, specifically the phosphorus acquisition efficiency and the V-ATPase and V-PPase amounts and activities. This has been amply demonstrated by measurements on PPFD–sat and

ETRmax of the dominant species, B. monosperma, which reached highest values among various species. The positive correlations of δ13C and δ18O for C. sepiaria and C. hirsutus indicated strong stomatal reactions while for B. Monosperma, the strong variations in

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δ13C without a change in δ18O suggested that carbon acquisition is mainly under assimilatory photosynthetic and not stomatal control and this at relatively low transpiration rates. Thus, overall it appears that B. monosperma is using water more conservatively with rather high WUE while C. sepiaria and C. hirsutus perform a more opportunistic use of water. Further, association of higher V-ATPase activity pointed to its role in water stress, an aspect that has been overlooked hitherto. This observation and the fact that the upper Butea plants are also associated with higher V-ATPase amount and activity as well as higher V-PPase activity point to, in association with V-ATPase, its function in adaptation and survival of plants under water stress situations. Thus, it may be concluded that at least in Butea, the V-PPase may work in concert with the V-ATPase when a high capacity of solute transport into the vacuole is required.

Further using 2-D gel electrophoresis based proteomic approach refined with MALDI-TOF, we also analyzed drought and salt stress response proteins in sorghum. We developed a method to obtain functional distances between GO terms and analyzed distance values to allocate shortest path (SP) in GO hierarchy. We observed the expressed proteins belonged to the functional group of signal transduction mechanisms, carbohydrate transport and metabolism. The novel approach applied in this study may have great importance in further identifying proteins involved in abiotic and biotic stress conditions in crops.

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107TH INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESS

January 3-7, 2020 Bangalore

IV ABSTRACTS OF ORAL / POSTER PRESENTATION

Sub Sections

I. Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms 77-82 II. Mycology, Plant Pathology, Microbiology 85-109 III. Angiosperms: Floristics, Biodiversity and Ethnobotany 113-131 IV. Angiosperms: Development and Reproductive Biology 135-141 V. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 145-179 VI. Ecology and Environmental Botany 183-200 VII. Biotechnology and Tissue Culture 203-207 VIII. Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology 211-224

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SUB –SECTION – I Algae, Bryophtyes, Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms

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I-01 DOCUMENTATION CUM CONSERVATION OF LICHENS BIOTA FOR PROMOTION OF FOREST HEALTH AND LIVELIHOOD IN MIZORAM

Awadhesh Kumar1*, Nurpen M Thangjam1, Anand Pandey2, A. C. Shukla3, & D.K. Upreti4 1 Department of Horticulture Aromatic & Medicinal Plants, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796009;2 Department of Botany, Avvaiyar Govt. College for Women, University of Pondicherry, Karaikal-609602;3 Department of Botany, School of life science, Lucknow University, Lucknow 226001;4Lichenology Laboratory, Plant Diversity Systematics and Herbarium Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001 [email protected];

Keywords: Conservation, Lichens, New-record, Pollution indicator

Since, Lichens diversity is very rich in Mizoram; hence, a survey has made for documentation of lichens species in many areas of Mizoram. The survey data revealed that family Parmeliaceae is the dominant followed by Arthoniaceae, Pyrenulaceae, Collemataceae, Porinaceae, Ramalinaceae, Brigantiaeaceae, Graphidaceae and Physciaceae. Comparatively in their growth forms, the Crustose showed the superiority than fruticose and foliose. The finding also added the many new lichens recorded first time from India ex. Pyrenula dissimulans. Since, the anthropogenic activities are now increasing more, therefore, the documentation and conservation of their genetic diversity is very much essential for livelihood generation.

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I-02 STUDIES ON PHYTOPLANKTON ASSEMBLAGE AND AQUATIC MACROPHYTES

B. Ramesh and ð M. Aruna Department of Botany, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad. Telangana [email protected] ; [email protected]

Keywords: Phytoplanktons, Aquatic macrophytes, CMC Pond, Nizamabad

In the present study, an attempt was made to enlist the aquatic macrophytes and enumerate the phytoplankton of a small water body, CMC pond located within the vicinity of University college campus. Phytoplanktonic algae and aquatic macrophytes play a dynamic role in fresh water ecosystem. For experimental studies surface and bottom water samples were collected from different sites. The observations revealed that pond showed abundant phytoplanktonic algae belonging to class Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae and Cyanophyceae. In this investigation abundance of macrophytes were also recorded grouped under different categories such as floating, submerged and emergent forms based on habitat status.

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I-03 DISTRIBUTION AND DIVERSITY OF SEAWEEDS ALONG THE COAST OF MOOKAIYUR, SOUTH EAST COAST OF INDIA

K . Dharmar Research Department of Botany, Pasumpon Thiru Muthuramalinga Thevar Memorial College (Affiliated to Alagappa University) Kottaimedu, Kamuthi – 623 604, Tamilnadu [email protected]

Keywords: Seasonal distribution, Seaweeds, Mookaiyur, Environmental Parameters

The present study deals with thirty six species of marine macro algae collected from six sampling station in Mookaiyur coast from March 2018 to February 2019. which belong to thirteen orders, sixteen families and twenty two genera. Among these, twelve belong to Chlorophyta, fifteen to Rhodophyta, nine to Phaeophyta and twenty four species grew naturally and twelve were drifted. The average atmospheric temperature was 33.33±1.155°C The average sea water temperature was 32.33±1.435°C. The maximum observed Salinity was 37% and the minimum was 32%. The overall average Seawater temperature was 33.75±1.422‰. The species Chaetomorpha antennina, Caulerpa sertularioides, Gracilaria corticata, Grateloupia lithophila, Hypnea musciformis and Padina perindusiata were found throughout the year.

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I-04 NOTES ON INDIAN CYCADS: CYCAS SWAMYII

Praveen K Agrawal, Masood Akhtar & R C Srivastava Department of Botany, Shibli National P.G. College, Azamgarh, U.P., India [email protected]

Keywords: Gymnosperm, Cycas, Cycas circinalis, Cycas swamyi

The paper throws light on various aspects of an indigenous branched Cycas, discovered by Prof B G L Swamy (1948) from Hassan district and provided exhaustive details of morphology & anatomy. Pant described this species as Cycas circinalis var. Swamyii and provided photograph of the reproductive parts. Lindstrom and Hill (2007) called this species as Cycas indica and provided a line diagram, botanical description, Latin diagnosis and Type. The paper aims to throw light on the journey of a new Cycas (discovered and worked out by Prof B G L Swamy) to Cycas india, through Cycas circinalis and Cycas swamyii.

I-05 OCCURRENCE OF PERMANENT ALGAL BLOOMS IN A POND WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR ITS PRODUCTION AT DISTRICT ROHTAS, SASARAM

Rajani Kumari* and Dinesh Kumar Yadav# *Research scholar, PG Deptt of Botany, Magadh University, Bodh-Gaya;#Former HoD and Dean PG Deptt of Botany, MagadhUniversity, Bodh-Gaya [email protected]

Keywords:-Harmful algal blooms, Cyanobacteria, Phosphate, Nitrate, Eutrophic

The aim of this research was to analyze the key mechanisms and responsible factors related to theharmful algal blooms in a shallow eutrophic pond Sasaram during the year 2018. The pond is regularly used for dumping of domestic solid wastes and waste water,

80 Section XIV : Plant Sciences regular dumping of domestic sewage, the pond has become highly eutrophic having dense algal blooms caused by cyanobacteria. High concentration of phosphorus and nitrogen were the two major factors to promote the growth of algae and cyanobacteria. Permanent cyanobacterial blooms were characterized. Good growth of Anabaena and Mycrocystis were observed during the course of study.

I-06 DISTRIBUTION OF MOSS IN THE TOPOGRAPHY OF MUKTESHWAR RESERVE FOREST AREA IN NANITAL DISTRICT OF UTTRAKHAND

Saurabh Kumar Department of Botany, Khandelwal Collge of Management Science and Technology, Bareilly [email protected]

Keywords: Density, Abundance, Frequency, Mukteshwar

The present study was carried in the vicinity of Mukteshwar (Nainital) Reserve Forest of Kumaon region in Uttrakhand. Twenty species of bryophytes and mosses i.e., Rhynchostegiella divaricatifolia, Minimium marginatum, Atrichum sp., Polytricum sp., Rhodobryum roseum, Bryum sp., Marchantia sp., Plagiochasma sp., Barbula sp., Brachythecium sp., Plagiominium cuspidatum, Thudium sp., Hypnum sp., Astrella sp., Racomatrium sp., Dicranum sp., Sphagnum sp., Isopteriygium sp., Anmodon minor and Anthoceros were reported and their habitat and ecological parameters were studied. Moss such as Rhynchostegiella divaricatifolia, Plagiominium cuspidatum and Rhodobryum roseum showed maximum frequency percentage and seems to be most tolerant species.

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I-07 APPROACHES FOR ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOSTOPHYCIN FROM NOSTOC CALCICOLA

Vaishali Gupta Department of Botany, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, [email protected]

Keywords: Ahoa, cyclic peptide, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, LC-MS

A cyclic peptide nostophycin was isolated from Nostoc calcicola through freeze dried lyophilization method. Here, we report an allelochemical nostophycin and extracted from Nostoc calcicola (MK506349) which is used as biofertilizer. Its structure has been elucidated with FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR and LC-MS. Glycine, d-glutamine, l- phenylamine, d-isoleucine, l-proline and a novel amino acid Ahoa are constituents of nostophycin. 1HNMR, 13CNMR spectroscopy of the allelochemicals confirmed the number of protons and carbons and characteristics peak determined the structure of allelochemical. Fragmentation pattern of allelochemical through LCMS confirms structure of nostophycin and it exhibits resemblance with microcystine and difference in the presence AHOA.

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SUB-SECTION-II Mycology, Plant Pathology and Microbiology

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II-01 TITLE ACCUMULATION OF HIGH CO CONTENT PLAYS PIVOTAL ROLE IN ENHANCING OXIDANT LEVEL DURING FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM INFECTION IN WHEAT PATHOGENESIS.

Abhaya Kumar Sahu1, Punam Kumari2 and Bhabatosh Mittra3 1, 2 Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, 756089, Odisha;3 Department of Life Sciences, AIPH University, Bhubaneswar, 751002, Odisha [email protected]

Keywords: Wheat, Fusarium oxysporum, DSI, H2O2, SOD, MDA,

Seven day old wheat seedlings when inoculated with 4 day old Fusarium spores showed high DSI, as compared to the uninoculated seedlings. The infected tissues clearly revealed the presence of Fusarium spores and ramified mycelia determined to wheat pathogenesis. In the biochemical investigation, H2O2, SOD, MDA and CO group was observed to be maximum in Fusarium inoculated seedlings as compared to control tissues. The intra and intermolecular disulfide bonds could be observed in Fusarium inoculated seedlings by diagonal gel. Thus such investigation strengthen confirms the susceptibility of wheat host against Fusarium pathogen which might have accelerated production of CO and enhanced H2O2 level.

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II-02 UNIQUE PHYLLOSPHERIC INTERACTION INVOLVING MICROBES IN AN ORNAMENTAL PLANT

Abhiroop Dan, Subham Saha, Shreyoshi Chakraborty, Koushiki Das, Dhruba Jyoti Maji Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata [email protected]

Keywords: Phyllosphere, Gladiolus, chlorophyll content, antibiotics, antagonistic interaction

The phyllosphere refers to the above ground portions of plants which is an ideal habitat for the growth of microorganisms. Gladiolus plants are economically important for decoration purposes. There was a strong positive antagonistic interaction found between Salmonella spp. and Bortrytis spp. isolated from the leaf phyllosphere. A marked reduction in the total chlorophyll content by 68.6632% is observed in the infected leaves. The resistance of Salmonella spp. against different antibiotics also seems to signify that it can mostly be inhibited by Bortrytis spp. These findings can be optimized for the effective disease management of these plants.

II-03 LEAF ANATOMY AND LARVICIDAL PROPERTY OF ANNONA SQUAMOSA L. BY USING BIOSYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES AGAINST THE DENGUE VECTOR

Allam Vijaya Bhasker Reddy Department of Botany, Nizam College, Osmania University, Hyderabad, T.S. [email protected]

Keywords: Silver nanoparticles, larvae, Crude extract, Aedes aegypti

The present study aims on Biosynthesis of nanostructured materials using plant extracts and their active compounds to see the effect on the A. albopictus mosquito larvae. The crude extract of Annona squamosa leaf has larvicidal property. The leaf anatomical and

86 Section XIV : Plant Sciences phytochemical characters were studied. The dengue vector A. albopictus was cultured in the laboratory. The 3rd instar mosquito larvae were preferred for the bioassay test. 100% mortality is observed when the larvae were exposed for 24 hours to the 250 ppm of crude leaf extract and 10 ppm of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles. The Silver nanoparticles was studied by using instruments i.e. UV-Vis, FT-IR, XRD, TEM and GC-MS.

II-04 ESSENTIAL OILS AND THEIR BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AS ECO-FRIENDLY GREEN PRESERVATIVES AGAINST FUNGAL AND MYCOTOXIN CONTAMINATION OF STORED FOOD COMMODITIES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THEIR NANOENCAPSULATION

Anand Kumar Chaudhari and Nawal Kishore Dubey* Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced study (CAS) in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi–221005 [email protected]

Keywords: Essential oil; Mycotoxin; Bioactive compound; Preservative; Nanoencapsulation.

Fungal and mycotoxin contamination of stored food items are of serious concern throughout the world due to their toxic effects on human upon consumption. Many of the synthetic chemicals used as antifungal preservatives have been realised to be toxic to humans and the environments. In this regard, the use of essential oils and their bioactive compounds have been recognized as safer alternatives; however, their direct incorporation into food system is limited due to flavour concern and susceptibility towards oxidation. These limitations can be overcome by encapsulating it into nanosystem, which subsequently enhances their stability and bioactivity for large scale application.

87 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

II-05 EFFECT OF STORAGE PERIOD ON THE INCIDENCE OF STORAGE FUNGI OF NIGER OIL SEEDS

A.M. Deshmukh Department of Botany, PratishthanMahavidyalaya, Paithan [MS] [email protected]

Keywords: Niger oil seeds, storage period, fungi.

The Niger seeds are grown widely in Ethiopia. In India it is cultivated in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra. Niger seeds are used world wide in the form of oil. Niger seed oil is used to make chutney, desserts, bird seeds and also medicinal use. The current study deals with Niger seeds deterioration by various fungi during storage period. As storage period increases the oil content as well as oil quality and other beneficial components are reduced. During the study following Fungi were found to be associated with Niger seeds. Fusarium oxysporum, F. moniliforma, Rhizopusstolonifer, R. nigricans, Aspergillus Niger, A. flavus, Penicilliumexpansum, Alternaria alternata, A. tenuis.

II-06 POTATO LEAF SPOT DISEASE DEVELOPMENT BY Curvularia spicifera AND BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS

Anish Chakraborty, Shrey Sarawgi, Sahesta Ekram and Shreyashi Pahari Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Kolkata [email protected]

Keywords: KOCH’s Postulates, PPO, PAL, PO, Endotoxin, Interaction

The aim of our study was to check for control for a particular fungal pathogen causing spot disease in potato leaves. The fungal pathogen isolated from infected leaf was confirmed by performing Koch’s Postulates. Actinomycetes isolated from leaf surface was applied with

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the fungus during infection to check effect on disease development. It was seen that Actinomycetes was capable of inhibiting fungal growth. This conclusion was drawn by performing slide bioassay interaction studies. PO, PPO and PAL enzyme assays were done and their levels were monitored. 16S rRNA sequencing was also done for species identification (Curvularia spicifera).

II-07 LEAF SPOT DISEASE CAUSED BY FUNGAL PATHOGEN ASSOCIATED WITH MURRAYA KOENIGII L.

M Anjali 1 and K. R Soumya 2 1Department of Biotechnology Government Womens College, Kolar-563101, Karnataka. 2Vikram B.Ed.,College, Chintamani,Karnataka. [email protected]

Keywords: Murraya koenigii, Fusarium, isolation, characterization

Curry leaf (Murraya koenigii L.), a premier leafy vegetable of family Rutaceae is native to India and Srilanka. It is used in fresh, dried and processed forms for flavoring food stuffs and indigenous system of medicine as an anti-diabetic agent. The plant is grown presently in the backyards of every South Indian home. Curry leaf plants leaves with leaf spot disease were collected from Mandya district of Karnataka. The pathogen was isolated on Potato Dextrose agar from surface sterilized small pieces of leaves, incubated at 25°C, and identified as Fusarium was cause for disease according to its morphological and cultural characteristics. Study was done based on colony characters.

89 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

II-08 PESTICIDE DEGRADATION POTENTIAL OF WHITE ROT FUNGI

Anshu Wali1, Moni Gupta1 and Sachin Gupta2 1- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, SKUAST-J, Chatha, Jammu and Kashmir, India;2-Division of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-J, Chatha, Jammu and Kashmir, india. [email protected]

Keywords: Pesticides, Organophosphorus pesticide, carbamate pesticide

In this study biodegradation of chlorpyrifos and carbofuran, an organophosphorus and carbamate pesticide respectively were used on two white rot fungal species Pleurotus sajorcaju and Macrocybe sp. These fungi were found to be capable of metabolizing the insecticide chlorpyriofos and carbofuran at concentration of 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppm, respectively. The best pesticide tolerance was observed at 100 ppm. concentration. Enzyme production, involved in lignin degradation, relevant to bioremediation as laccase, was quantified. The results suggested that Pleurotus sajorcaju and Macrocybe have the ability to degrade chlorpyrifos and carbofuran and could be used to bioremediate the area contaminated with organophosphorous and carbamate pesticide.

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II-09 COMBINED EFFECT OF PGPR (BACILLUS SUBTILIS AND PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA) AND UNDEFINED COMPOST IN SOIL TRANSFORMATION AND PLANT GROWTH PROMOTION OF CAPSICUM FRUTESCENS

Anuja Bothra, Dyutika Banerjee, Teerna Bhowmick, Arkapriya Bhattacharyya, Shubhrajyoti Panda, Upasana Ghosh, Arup Kumar Mitra, and Debjani Dutta* Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata. [email protected]

Keywords: PGPR, siderophore, municipal compost, capsaisic acid

PGPR colonize in the plant roots and enable uptake of nutrients and minerals from the environment. The growth promoting effect of municipal compost, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis on Capsicum frutescens, was observed, individually and in combination over a period of 45 days, in terms of height, total chlorophyll and Indole acetic acid content, number and dimensions of the leaves and total number of stomata per leaf, of the plants. Electrical conductivity, porosity and pH of soil and the siderophore, protease and amylase activity of the strains were tested. The strains and compost together transformed an unsuitable soil suitable for the chilli plant growth.

II-10 FUNGAL ASSOCIATION WITH TRICHODERMA

Anupam Sinha & Ramakant Pandey Vidya Bhawan Mahila Mahavidyalay, Siwan. (Bihar) & Patna. [email protected]

Keywords: fungal association, Trichoderma & crop management.

Trichoderma belongs to class Deuteromycetes and included in the group of soil microbes. Trichoderma fed on nematodes as well as on some fungal mycelium. Some interesting reports were coming up into account where as some more are to be reported yet. The

91 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

study of fungal association with Trichoderma will provide a fruitful foot step in future crop management system. Scientific community and grower associations should come forward to understand this natural phenomenon properly.

II-11 NOVEL MODE OF RESISTANCE IN FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM INFECTED SOYABEAN (GLYCINE MAX L.) SEEDLINGS BY A LOW DOSE CD2+ PRE-TREATMENT

Beda Saurav Behera, Punam Kumari and Bhabatosh Mittra P.G. Dept. of Biosciences & Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore- 756020, Odisha, India. [email protected]

Keywords : Soyabean, Fusarium oxysporum, Cd2+, ROS, GSH

Pre- treated Soyabean seedlings with low dose Cd2+ when inoculated with Fusarium inoculums did not wilt as evidenced by its phenotype and the assessment of morphological attributes. Co-stressed seedlings were observed to be grown comparatively better and healthy than Fusarium infected seedlings, which declined after 7days post-inoculation.

An enhanced level of H2O2 was observed in infected seedlings as compared to co-stressed tissues. GSH mediated protection of target protein(s) could be observed against protein oxidation in the form of reversible protein oxidative modification in case of co-stressed seedlings, when analyzed by protein pull assay. Such glutathionylation event ensures enhanced disease resistance in co-stressed soyabean seedlings.

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II-12 IDENTIFICATION OF NIFH GENES IN THE ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA OF MEDICINAL PLANTS COLLECTED FROM GURU NANAK COLLEGE, CHENNAI

C.B. Nirmala1, R.Vijayalakshmi2, K.Arulmeha Ponradha3 and S.Natarajan4

1& 3Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, S.D.N.B. Vaishnav College for Women, Chromepet, Chennai – 600 044.2&4 Marudham Exports Pvt. Ltd. Poonamallee, Chennai – 600 056. [email protected]

Keywords: Endophytic bacteria, medicinal plants, nitrogen fixation, nifH gene

Three endophytic bacteria were isolated from the three medicinal plant leaf samples and tested for their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen qualitatively. Two of them isolated from Phyllanthus niruri and Solanum xanthocarpum were positive for pellicle formation, showed the specific nifH amplification in polymerase chain reaction where as the one from Mangifera indica was negative and did not show the presence of the nifH gene. The 16S rDNA analysis indicated them as Bacillus cereus (PN2), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SX3) and Escherichia coli (MI).The bacteria Bacillus cereus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can be applied to agricultural fields to enhance the yield of their host plants but also protection against invading pathogens.

93 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

II-13 EVALUATION ON THE QUANTIFICATION OF PCBS RESIDUES IN VEGETABLES OF BIHAR

Dhiraj Kumar G.M.S.S +2 High School, Madhubani [email protected]

Keywords: Quantification, PCBS, Vegetable

The present investigation deals with the indiscriminate and injudicious uses of chemical pesticides by farmers in Bihar. PCBs are essentially required to provide protection to crops and vegetables which are highly susceptible to insect pests and diseases. PCBs were detected in the collected vegetable samples of brinjal, radish, cabbage and cauliflower. They ranged between 0.001 to 0.067 μgKg-1. The residues of dichlorvous ranged from 0.002 - 0.095 μgKg-1; dimethoate from 0.002 -0.245 μgKg-1, chlorpyrifos from 0.001 - 0.074 μgKg-1, endosulfan from 0.004 - 0.265 μgKg-1 and PCBs from 0.001 - 0.067 μgKg-1. The high levels of PCBs could be due to high utilization of the chemicals in recent years.

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II-14 DIVERSITY OF FOLIICOLOUS FUNGI IN VAGAMON HILLS- AN ECOLOGICALLY VULNERABLE AREA IN WESTERN GHATS OF KERALA STATE.

Hina Mohamed1 and Jacob Thomas2 1Junior Research Fellow, PG & Research Department of Botany, Mar Thoma College, Tiruvalla;2 PG & Research Department of Botany, Mar Thoma College, Tiruvalla. [email protected]

Keywords: Foliicolous, Ascomycetes, Asterina, Meliola.

During the survey of the Vagamon Hills of Kerala state for, 65 Foliicolous fungal species representing 18 genera inhabiting 38 different angiospermic host plants were found. Out of the 18 fungal genera, 12 belong to ascomycetes, 4 to deuteromycetes and 2 to basidiomycetes. Asterina and Meliola represented by 15 species each. Out of the infected 27 angiosperm families, members of Lauraceae and Rutaceae showed highest number of infection. Therefore, above studies were designed to characterize foliicolous fungi that would further help in the conservation and management of biological resources and also increase the agriculture wealth of the nation.

95 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

II-15 STUDY THE ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND SCREENING OF SOIL FUNGI AS BIOCONTROL AGENT

Kumar Vimal 1 Ranjay Kumar Tiwari 2and Rani Rupmati3 1 SRK Mahavidyalaya, Atariya- Sitapur (UP) ;2 Karma Yogi Degree College Rai Baraily- (UP),3College of Commerce Patna (Bihar) [email protected]

Keywords: Trichoderma, Potato Dextrose Agar, Biocontrol agent

Trichoderma grows on the surface of roots, where it provides disease control and enhances root growth.. Trichoderma kills several major root rot fungi: Pythium, Rhizoctonia, and Fusarium. The process is called Mycoparasitism. Trichoderma secretes an enzyme that dissolves the cell wall of the other fungi. It can then get inside the bad fungi and consume them. This combination allows it to protect crop roots against root rot fungi in the field. Trichoderma was isolated from the soil and stored in the laboratory at 40 C

II-16 IN-VITRO STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF ABIOTIC FACTORS ON THE GROWTH OF DRY ROOT ROT PATHOGENS OF MULBERRY (MORUS SPP.)

M.S. Manmohan * and Neha Keral Department of Life Science, Bangalore University, Bangalore – 560 056, Karnataka, [email protected]

Keywords: Mulberry, root rot, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, and abiotic factors.

Mulberry (Morus spp.) is a perennial crop and the sole food for silkworm-Bombyx mori. Among many diseases, fungal dry root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schelet. and Fusarium solani (Mart). Sacc. is major one. Considering the importance of the pathogens

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and their growth pattern, in vitro study has been conducted on abiotic factors viz. temperature, pH, relative humidity and culture media following standard methods. The data analyzed with one way ANOVA, Tukey HSD-Post Hoc Test (pd”0.05). From the present study it was found that, test pathogens grew profusely on PDA medium at 25- 300C with a pH range of 5.5-5.6 under relative humidity of 85-100%.

II-17 ENVIRONMENTAL ISOLATION OF CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS BY SWABBING TECHNIQUE FROM DECAYED WOOD TRUNK OF LIVING IN BETUL.

Mahendra Nawange1,2,3, Alka Pandey 1 Anil Prakash 2 S.R. Nawange 3, Jitendra Nawange1,3 and Maanyata Tiwari 3 1.Department of Microbiology J.H. GOVT. P.G. College, Betul (M.P.) 2.Department of Microbiology Barkatullah Vishwavidalaya Bhopal (M.P.) 3.Fungal Disease Diagnositc and Research Center , Jabalpur, [email protected]

Keywords: C. neoformans , Decaying wood, Betul , Swabbing technique.

The aim of this study is to report regional prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans, a health hazard in decayed wood. Fifty five wood sampled from 10 trees of Betul city were collected and processed by swabbing technique, 24 were found to contain strains of Cryptococcus. The numbers of trees positive for Cryptococcus neoformans were 16 (76.19%), the highest CGU (3.4 x 104) was found in Butea monosperma and lowest CFU (1.1x 104) was found in N. oleander. Nine tree species, viz., Ficusbenghalensis, Mangifera indica, Azadirachta indica, Saracaasoca, Tectonagrandis, Delonixregia, Nerium syzygiumcumini, Tectonagrandis, and Citrus aurantifolia were recorded as the host for Cryptococcus neoformans for the second time in Central India.

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II-18 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF BIOACTIVE PLANT EXTRACT OF CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS AND AZADIRACHTA INDICA AGAINST DIFFERENT PATHOGENIC MICROBES

Manisha, Lovely Singh and *Sharmita Gupta Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University), Agra(U.P.) – 282005 [email protected]

Keywords: Antifungal, A. indica, C. roseus, Aqueous extract, Methanol extract

This study is focused on exploring the antifungal properties of the plants that are commonly being used as traditional medicines. The antifungal potential was screened against C. albicans, F. moniliforme, A. fumigatus. Aqueous and Methanolic extracts of C. roseus and A. indica against selected spp. were subjected to a test of their antifungal properties by agar well and paper disc diffusion method. Whole solvent plant extract of A. indica exhibited zone range of 2.3cm at 30μl. Aqueous extract of leaf showed zone range of 2.7 cm and 2.6 cm at 90μl in paper disc and agar well method of both plants.

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II-19 EFFICACY OF SELECTED SUNDARBAN MANGROVE PLANTS AGAINST POTENTIAL PATHOGENIC MICROBES

Meenakshi Garg, Soham Biswas, Zainab Zafar, Pratyusha Adak, Madhura Mondal PG Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata.30, Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata – 700 016. [email protected]

Keywords: mangrove, antimicrobial, antioxidant, phytochemical

The study deals with the antimicrobial activity of the leaves of some mangrove plants of Sundarbans, viz. Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Excoecaria agallocha, Avicennia alba and Aegialitis rotundifolia. The activity was evaluated against a few reference bacterial and fungal strains and antibacterial properties. Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of tannins, terpenoids and phenolic derivatives. Ethanolic extract of E. agallocha has highest DPPH scavenging activity (75.55%), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) , hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (78.43%) and also the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (67.13%). A clear pink and yellow colouration under TLC indicates the presence of terpenoids and phenolic derivatives indicating thereby there potential use as antimicrobial and efficient antioxidant agent.

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II-20 ENHANCEMENT OF XYLANASE PRODUCTION AND ACTIVITY BY MODIFYING ECOLOGICAL FACTORS (TEMPERATURE AND PH) FOR FUNGAL ISOLATES FROM CITY WASTE OF BAREILLY

Nazish and A.K. Jaitly Microbiology Lab Department of Plant Science M.J.P. Rohilkhand University Bareilly 243006 U.P [email protected]

Keywords: Hemicellulose, Temperature, pH, xylanase, Sugarcane baggase

Xylanase a hemicellulose degrading enzyme has been tested for their enhanced activity on different temperature and pH. Tested fungal isolates were grown on Bhatt and Maheshwari medium at different temperature and pH. Highest enzyme activity was expressed by Humicola grisea (2.85 U/ml) and Sporotrichum thermophile (1.98 U/ml) at 55 ºC, Monelia sp. (2.89U/ml) at 40 ºC and Aspergillus niger (2.09 U/ml) at 50 ºC whereas Aspergillus fumigatus and Thermoascus aurantiacus have maximum activity at 45 ºC. The enzyme was relatively stable at pH 4.0 to 8.0 but their maximum activity was shown at pH 5.0 and 5.5.

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II-21 NANOENCAPSULATION OF ESSENTIAL OILS: A WAY TO IMPROVED ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES

Neha Sharma and Sanjay Guleria Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Chatha, Jammu (J&K) 180009, [email protected]

Keywords : antimicrobial agents , resistance , microbes

Plant essential oils are made up of many different volatile compounds whose synergistic effects could lead to antifungal and antimicrobial effects. Essential oils are sensitive materials which can easily suffer degradation in the presence of oxygen, light and moderate temperatures. Major goals in stabilizing essential oils formulations to protect them from degradation, evaporation and to have a controlled release. Nano-encapsulation has been recently developed for protecting EOs from evaporation and oxidation, offer controlled release, improve the stability. This study focuses on the encapsulation of essential oils for drug resistance and enhancement of their antimicrobial activities.

II-22 STUDY OF TOXIGENICITY IN FUNGI ISOLATED FROM FOOD GRAINS CONSUMED BY TRIBALS OF BIHAR

Onkar Nath Barhwalia Sri Shankar College, Sasaram, Rohtas [email protected]

Keywords: Tribal belt, mycotoxin, aflatoxin, ochratoxin, citrinin,

Six fungal species obtained from food grains were collected randomly from the tribal areas of Bihar and screened in culture medium for their toxin producing potentials. Aspergilus flavus /Aspergilus parasiticus were recorded to be dominant. A. flavus/ parasiticus

101 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

produced aflatoxin B1 only. The incidence of toxigenic strain was highest in A. flavus group of fungi followed by A. ochraceous and Fusarium graminearum. Incidence and levels of toxigenicity in fungal isolates were strain dependent. High incidence (39.39%) of toxigenic fungi in food commodities is a great concern to tribal populations of Bihar who being poor have little choice for food selection.

II-23 AMINO ACIDS, SUGARS AND ORGANIC ACIDS COMPOSITION OF THE MYCELIUM OF FIVE SPECIES OF APLOSPORELLA SPEG.

P. S. Kaste Department of Botany, J.D. Patil Sangludkar College, Daryapur Distt. Amravati – 444 803 (M.S), [email protected]

Keywords: Amino acids, sugars, organic acids, Aplosporella

To identify plant constituents one has to isolate and not only to purify but also to determine the class of compound. The class of compound is normally clear from its response to color tests, its solubility, RF property etc. In addition to chromatographic methods, one method like UV, IR, NMR and MS measurements are also in practice. But for all practical purposes, the writer has preferred chromatographic methods to analyze different constituents in Aplosporella. The precise mode of extraction depends on the texture and water content of the plant material being extracted and the type of substance that is being isolated.

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II-24 SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES ON BENOMYL RESISTANCE IN FUSARIUM UDUM

Sanjay V. Kamble 1, Premchand B. Sirsat2, Uttam S. Salve 1ACS College, Pimpalner (G.) Tq.Dist.Beed-431122(MS);2 Mrs. K.S.K. College, Beed. Tq Dist. Beed - 431122 (M.S.),3 Swa. Sawarkar College, Beed. Tq. Dist Beed - 431122 (M.S.) [email protected]

Keywords: In-vitro, fungicides, percentage control efficacy (PCE)

In-vitro fungicides such as carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, thirum, difolatan and zirum gave higher percentage control efficacy (PCE) of benomyl for the control benomyl resistant mutant on agar plates benomyl was used in combination with other fungicides. This also suggest the decreases in the benomyl resistance in the pathogen due to synergistic effct. In-Vivo synergistic effect of benomyl with other fungicides was studies by transplantation technique of ICRISAT. The PCF of benomyl on pigeonpea wilt incited by benomyl resistant mutant that mixing of benomyl with other fungicides was increased at various concentrations.

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II-25 CARRIER BASED BIOFORMULATION OF TWIN- BACTERIAL CONSORTIUM OF BACILLUS ENHANCE GROWTH AND YIELD ENHANCEMENT OF CICER ARIETINUM L. IN FIELD

Sandhya Dhiman, Nitin Baliyan and D. K. Maheswari Dept of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, [email protected]

Keywords: Endophyte, Bioinoculant, Biofilm, Sugarcane straw ash.

The study was undertaken to evaluate the bioformulations of four economically viable carriers (sugarcane straw ash, red brick from furnace, sawdust from Populus and cow dung slurry) based preparations impregnated with plant growth beneficial strains of Bacillus altitudinis MRN-16 and Bacillus cereus MEN-8 effect on health and yield of Cicer aritinum under farmer’s field conditions. Both the strains with PGP and antagonistic abilities against two fungal phytopathogens (Rhizctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum) were inoculated in all the carriers separately and in combination. The results were found statistically significant. The sugarcane straw ash based consortial bioformulations gave the best results.

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II-26 ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF CITRUS LIMON L. AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

Sharad Bissa Microbial Biotechnology and Biofertilizer Laboratory, Department of Botany, Center of Advanced Study, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur-342001 (INDIA) [email protected]

Keywords: Citruc limon, Antibacterial, Kirby-bauer, MICInhibition

In the present study antibacterial activity of Leaves, fruit peel and fruit juice of Citrus limon L. (Lemon) was tested against some human pathogenic bacteria viz. E. coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter aerogenes procured from IMTECH, Chandigarh. Disc diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of different plant parts extracts (Aqueous, Ethanol, Chloroform and Petroleum Ether). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were also determined for effective extracts. All the extracts exhibited significant antibacterial activity and highest activity was observed in petroleum ether extract of lemon peel against E. coli.

II-27 EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF EMBELIA ROBUSTA SEED EXTRACT IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR RATS.

Sharada Seekonda , A.Roja Rani Dept. of Genetics and Biotechnology, Osmnia University, Hyderabad, Telangana. [email protected]

Keywords : Embelin, Alloxan, Gliclazide

Embelin [2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl,2-cyclohexadiene-1,4-benzo-quinone] as a major bioactive constituent. Alloxan (130mg/kg body wt) induced diabetic rats. The 30 adult wistar rats were randomly divided into 5-groups of 6 rats. Group-I: normal control,

105 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

Group-II: diabetic control, Group-III: standard (Gliclazide 50mg/kg body wt orally), Group-IV & Group-V test groups treated with E. robusta at the doses of 50 mg/ kg, and 100mg/ kg of body wt orally for 28days. Fasting blood glucose levels were significantly (P<0.05) lowered in the test groups IV & groups V with 50 and 100 mg/ kg body wt of extract. which are comparable to the standard drug gliclazide.

II-28 SOIL BORNE MICROFLORA HELPING IN THE INHIBITION OF POTENTIAL FUNGAL PATHOGEN IN Solanum tuberosum

Subham Jyoti Biswas, Hridi Halder, Nayan Ghosh, Sayani Mukherjee, Swagatam Maity, Shouvik Bhattacharya and Arup Kumar Mitra Department of MicroBiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata [email protected]

Keywords: rhizosphere, phytopathogenic, biofertilizers, antimicrobial affect,

The main aim of this experiment is to isolate soil-borne microflora having antimicrobial properties, which can inhibit potential fungal pathogen(s) in Solanum tuberosum. From soil samples, different types of bacterial colonies were isolated and identified. Colonies were pure-cultured and incubated as per need. Microbial strains from those pure cultures were identified by several techniques (Gram staining, Chromagar™þ plating, T- streaking, 16S rRNA sequencing, etc.). Identifying the strains having required antimicrobial properties, they can be used as biopesticide. Not only will it save the cultivating plants, but also significantly reduce usage of synthetic biopesticide, which, in turn, reduces soil pollution.

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II-29 PHB PRODUCTION IN BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM ESTUARIES ALONG THE EASTERN COAST OF INDIA

Shubhashree Mahalik1, Jatin Kumar Pradhan*2, Dhanesh Kumar3 1,2P.G. Dept. of Biosciences & Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore- 756020, Odisha, India. 3School of Life Sciences, Hyderabad Central University, Prof C. R. Rao Road, P.O. Central University, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana-500046, [email protected]

Keywords- Marine, Estuary, Odisha, Bacillus, HB

In India the coastal of Odisha having 26 km long seashore. It is lined with several estuaries rich in biodiversity. In the present study an attempt has been made to isolate and identify bacteria found along the estuaries of Balasore. Many marine microorganisms have the potential to secrete one such industrially significant product, PHB (Polyhydroxybutyrate), has been elucidated. Several rounds of sampling, pure culture, morphological, biochemical and phylogenetic screening led to the identification of two PHB producing strains. Isolate 5 was identified to be Brevibacillus sp. Isolate 8 was identified as Lysinibacillus sp.

107 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

II-30 BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF VIRUS INFECTING GARDEN QUININE AND ITS EFFECT ON NITROGEN OF HOST PLANT.

Sonal and Sharmita Gupta Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University), Dayalbagh, Agra [email protected]

Keywords: Garden quinine, viruses, mosaic and nitrogen

C. inerme (Garden quinine) plants were found naturally affected by severe mosaic symptoms in some parks and gardens of Agra. Virus infection generally results in the drastic biochemical and physiological changes in the host plants. Viral nature was established through biological characterization. Variations in symptom expression alongwith host range, were studied. For the estimation of nitrogen, leaf samples were collected separately from healthy and infected Garden quinine plants (Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, U.P.). In the present study it was observed that the infection had increased the nitrogen of the host plant.

II-31 ASSESSMENT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE GROWTH OF MICROSPORUM CANIS AND HISTOPLASMA CAPSULATUM

Surendra Kr. Prasad & Namita Kumari Department of Botany, Magadh Mahila College, Patna University, Patna [email protected] , [email protected]

Keywords: Keratinophilic fungi, dermatophytes, pathogenic, temperature, growth behavior.

Some Keratinophilic fungi, dermatophytes are potentially pathogenic to human beings and animals causing so many skin diseases. The soil samples were collected from all the localities of Patna. The growth of dermatophytes is influenced by climatic factors as

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temperature .is one of the important factor for their growth. The growth behavior of such fungi at different temperatures is very important with respect to the survival of dermatophytes, severity of skin diseases. Growth behavior of keratinophilic fungi Microsporum canis and Histoplasma capsulatum had been investigated at different temperatue- 20ºC, 25ºC, 30ºC, 35ºC and 40ºC.

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SUB-SECTION-III

Angiosperms: Floristics, Biodiversity and Ethnobotany

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III-01 AN ATTEMPT TO AUTHENTICATE HERBAL TINCTURES USING DNA BARCODING

Akanksha Priya Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007 [email protected]

Keywords: Tinctures, ITS2, DNA Barcoding, NCBI, BLAST

Approximately 7000 Indian medicinal plants are described in Ayurveda. In the markets, they are sold either as crude or in processed forms. In the past few years, the technique of DNA bar coding has been successful for authentication of herbals. ITS2 was tested as a barcode for authentication of tinctures of 20 of the 960 traded medicinal plants. ITS2 sequences of these 20 were available on NCBI. The amplification and sequencing success rates from these samples were 55% and 50%, respectively. BLAST search of ITS2 sequences of nine samples on NCBI GenBank assigned two of them to Abutilon pannosum and the remaining two to Pseudomonas putida.

III-02 SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF MEDICINAL PLANTS OF ANTIOBESITY

Asha B. Kadam and Bhagyashali Karle Department of Botany, New Arts, Com & Sci. College, Ahmednagar, M.S., India [email protected]

Keywords: Obesity, Medicinal plant, Herbal products, Anti-obesity

Obesity is a global health problem. It is an energy balance disorder in which nutrient intake chronically exceeds expenditure, resulting in excessive white adipose tissue accumulation. Around 10 local plants show anti-obesity natural ingredients & plant preparation may

113 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations enhance satiety, boost metabolism & speed up weight loss. A variety of natural plants, functional compounds have been used in different anti-obesity products. In this study, the anti-obesity effects of different dietary or herbal products, & their active ingredients & mechanisms of action obesity will be discussed.

III-03 FOLKLORE MEDICINE USED BY KOYA TRIBES OF GANGOLU VILLAGE, BHADRADRI KOTHAGUDEUM DISTRICT, TELANGANA STATE

B. Lalitha Kumari Department of Botany, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana, India [email protected]

Keywords: Folklore Medicine, skin diseases, Azadirachta indica, Gangolu village

In the present study, a number of plants which are used by koya tribes of Gangolu village, Bhadradri Kothagudeum District, for the treatment of skin diseases have been documented. Based on the concept of “a plant for cure of a common disease”, single plant was selected for common skin diseases like wounds, ring worm, itching, warts, eczema, vitilago, chicken pocks, measles. The plant parts of Azadirachta indica, Curcuma longa, Annona squamosa, Plumbago zeylanica, Citrus lemon, Terminalia chebula, Phyllanthus emblica, Hibiscus rosa sinenesis, Tridax procumbens, Lucas aspera, Ricinus communis and Mangefera indica were used for treatment.

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III-04 Biodiversity Hotspots and Invasive Alien plants in Indian Himalayan Region (IHR)

B. P. Mishra Department of Environmental Science Mizoram University, Aizawl- 796 004, Mizoram [email protected]

Keywords: Biodiversity conservation, Himalayas, Invasive alien plants,

In India, there are 4 hotspots of biodiversity including Himalayan region. In this region, the American continent is the major contributor of invasive alien plants and majority of them exhibit herbaceous life-form. The invasive alien plants adversely affect the ecosystem functioning and the economy. Apart from adverse effects, the invasive alien species are beneficial to the certain extent in terms of environmental services, and economic and medicinal values. The IUCN is actively engaged in invasive plants control, and has developed Global Invasive Species Database. In India, the GBPIHED Almora, an establishment of the MoEF & CC, is the nodal institute for effective control of invasive alien plants.

115 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

III-05 MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS OFARKI BLOCK OF KHUNTI DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND WITH THEIR USES AND CONSERVATION

Dara Singh Gupta1, Ashok Kumar2 and Meenu Verma3 1. Univ. Deptt. of Botany, K.U. Chaibasa-833202 ;2 Deptt. of Botany, A. S. College Deoghar, Jharkhand and 3Research Schocolar, Univ. Dept. of Botany, Kolhan Univ., Chaibasa, Jharkhand [email protected]

Keywords: Medicinal and Aromatic plants, Arki Block, aromatherapy

In Indian traditions, all the plants in this earth are considered as medicinal [Jivak in Astanga Hriday (Sutra 9:10). Present paper deals with the 17(Seventeen) medicinal and aromatic plants with 14 families, which were extensively used for the ailments of different diseases. Arki Block of Khunti District of Jharkhand, a hilly place, is rich in ethno medicinal plants. Due to poor condition of modern healthcare facilities and excess poverty, the indigenous people as well as other tribal people of this Block fully or partially depend on local medicinal plants, hence proper maintenance and conservation should be done.

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III-06 BUTEA MONOSPERMA (LAM.) VAR. LUTEA (WITT) MAHESHWARI (FABACEAE) A NEW RECORD FOR VIDHARBA REGION FROM YAVATMAL DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA STATE, INDIA.

Eanguwar Srinivas Reddy*, V. B Chavan **and U. B. Deshmukh*** *Dep. of Botany, Baliram Patil Arts, Commerce and Science College, Kinwat, District Nanded, Maharashtra.,**Dep. of Botany, Science College Nanded, Maharashtra,*** P.G. Department of Botany, Janata Mahavidyalaya, Chandrapur. Maharashtra, [email protected]

Keywords: Butea monosperma (Lam.) Var. Lutea (Witt), new record, Yavatmal District, Maharashtra, India.

During an exploration of Yavtmal District forest in the year 2018-19 a less known and rare variety of Butea monosperma (Lam.) var. lutea (Witt.) (Fabaceae), in presence of ivory- white flower buds and bright yellows was noted. This paper provides a detailed description and photograph of this taxon with its locality.

117 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

III-07 PATTERNS OF GRASS DIVERSITY IN TWO TALUKS OF SHIVAMOGGA DISTRICT, KARNATAKA.

H.S. Yogeesh Naik and Y.L. Krishnamurthy* Department of PG Studies and Research in Applied Botany , Jnana Sahyadri , KuvempuUniversity,Shankaraghatta-577451,Karnataka,India. [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: Species richness, biodiversity, Grass, tribes.

Grass biodiversity patterns were analyzed in two taluks (Soraba and Thirthahalli) of Shivamogga district. The study compiles grass distribution in both taluks. About 50 and 61 species of grasses belong to 32 and36genera of 11 and12 tribes recorded in Soraba and Thirthahalli. Species richness, diversity and evenness indices were varied between both taluks. Certain grasses were common in both taluks. Whereas,certain grasses- Apludamutica, Coixlacryma-jobiand Cymbopogon martini were specific inSoraba and Arundinellatuberculata, Cynodonintermediusand Jansenellagriffithianawere specific in Thirthahalli.The study could play an important role in the conservation strategies.

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III-08 ETHNOMEDICINAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES ON SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS OF VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

L. Mutyala Naidu*1 and M. Krishna Rao2 1Department of Botany, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajamahendravaram - 533 296, Andhra Pradesh, 2S.R.V.B.S.J.B. Maharanee College, Peddapuram, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh - 533 437 [email protected]

Keywords: Ethnomedicine, Phytochemicals, Antimicrobials, Visakhapatnam

A detailed investigation on medicinal plant taxa associated with the local tribes is taken up with the objectives of an intensive field exploration studies in the areas of tribal inhabitations, and to screen the selected medicinal plants for their ethnomedicinal uses, photochemical and their antimicrobial properties. Traditional uses of 181 plant species belonging to 154 genera representing 81 families have been used for 136 different diseases. Crude extracts from 26 plant species were found to possess an activity against microorganisms. Methanol extracts possessed strong antimicrobial activity and mode of mechanism of action of the plant materials call for further investigation.

119 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

III-09 ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT OF VINCA ROSEA , SESAMUM INDICUM AND PIPER LONGUM WHOLE PLANT EXTRACT

Lalit Singh Department of Botany, D.B.S (P.G) College Karanpur, Dehradun (U.K.);[email protected]

Keywords : Diabetes, Vinca rosea, Sesamum indicum, Piper longum

Diabetes is one of the most affected diseases, in the humans. Herbal medication is preferred for diabetes due to its least side effect therefore whole plant extracts of Vinca rosea along with Sesamum indicum, and Piper longum has been used due to presence of sugar reducing alkaloids. The extent of sugar reducing capacity of these plants was analyzed through whole plant extracts on diabetic humans. From the current studies it can be concluded that there is general decrease in blood sugar by oral ingestion of Vinca rosea whole plant extract. The extract especially of the leaves helps to regenerate Beta cells of islets of Langerhans which produce insulin.

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III-10 ETHNOMEDICINAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF UPPER FOREST AREA OF EAST GODAVARI DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

M. Krishna Rao1 and L. Mutyala Naidu2 1S.R.V.B.S.J.B. Maharanee College, Peddapuram, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh - 533 437, 2Department of Botany, Adikavi NannayaUniversity, Rajamahendravaram,East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh – 533296, India. [email protected]

Keywords: Ethnomedicine, medicinal plants, phytochemicals, antimicrobial properties, East Godavari

The study area includes 11 agency mandals of the East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh. A detailed investigation is taken up with the objectives of an intensive field exploration studies in the areas of tribal inhabitations, and to screen the selected medicinal plants for their phytochemicals and their antimicrobial properties. Traditional uses of 186 plant species belonging to 135 genera representing 60 families have been recorded. The present results therefore offer scientific basis for traditional use of solvent extracts of the some medicinal plants could be a possible source to obtain new and effective herbal medicines to treat infections caused by multi-drug resistant strains of microorganisms.

121 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

III-11 ASSESSMENT OF MANGROVE DIVERSITY AND ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES IN ANDALOOR ESTUARY KANNUR, KERALA, INDIA

M.P. Mrudul Lal and A. Arunprasath PG & Research Department of Botany, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore,Tamil Nadu, India – 641 014 [email protected]

Keywords: Andaloor, Diversity, Ecophysiology, Monsoon, Mangroves

During the study, 9 species of true mangroves, 2 species of semi mangroves and 9 species of mangrove associates were identified. The physicochemical variation studies of both abiotic and biotic components of the mangrove ecosystem of Andaloor estuary was conducted. The temperature of water, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand and mineral composition were assayed. Soil analysis included moisture content. All the studies were carried during monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. In conclusion the investigation, it has been observed that mineral composition in both water and soil decreased in monsoon and increased in post-monsoon seasons.

III-12 ETHNOMEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF THE HERB – COCCULUS HIRSUTUS

Madhumita Maitra, Somali Mukherjee,Debajyoti Das, Rohan Dan, Shreyans Chatterjee Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College, Kolkata; [email protected]

Keywords: Cocculus hirsutus, invasive creeper, ethnomedicinal, Alkaloid

Cocculus hirsutus is a tropical invasive creeper of India, Pakistan and tropical Africa. This plant is rich in chemical constituents and traditionally used as an alterative, laxative, and treats eczema, joint pain and skin diseases. In this study, our aim was to study the 122 Section XIV : Plant Sciences ethnomedicinal properties of this plant which was collected from Jhargram, West Bengal. Its efficiency was compared to the efficiency of commonly used Aloe vera plant. Pure cultures of gut and skin microflora were prepared and well diffusion was performed using leaf extracts (Cocculus and Aloe vera) to see their effect on the microbes. Alkaloid tests were performed on the leaf extracts to determine their alkaloid percentage.

III-13 ARGEMONE OCHROLEUCA: A REVIEW ON ITS ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECTS

Manaswi Rani and *Sharmita Gupta Department of Botany, Faculty of Science,Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University), Agra(U.P.) – 282005 [email protected]

Keywords: A. ochroleuca, Papaveraceae, Ethnopharmacological, Invasive, Ailments

The genus- Argemone (Papaveraceae) possesses almost 30 species; an annual herb, with prickly stems, capsules and leaves. It is an invasive worldwide genus which shows economic significance. The present work offers a review on addressing the detailed ethnopharmacology of Argemone ochroleuca. This plant is used for the treatment of several ailments including, cure of eye infections, dermatological disorders, combating insomnia, warts, soughs and spots. Argemone genus is the abundant source of alkaloids although presence of flavanoids, fattyacids, tannins, saponins, phenols, terpenoids, steroids, protein and carbohydrate.

123 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

III-14 ANGIOSPERMIC FLORA OF SITAMATA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, RAJASTHAN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO INVASIVE ALIEN FLORA

Mohammed Yaseen1, Yamini Dashora, Nazneen Sheikh, Tanmay Rathi and Manjeet Shingh Dept. of Biology, Central Academy, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) -312001 [email protected]

Keywords: Angiospermic diversity, Wildlife sanctuary, alien species, invasive, habitat.

During the present study of Sitamata Wildlife sanctuary, 305 species of Angiosperm belonging to 88 families were documented. Out of these 233 (82.95%) species are Dicots and remaining 72 (17.05%) species are monocots. The invasive alien plants are representing 7.86% of the total angiospermic flora (24 species) this sanctuary. Lantana camara is listed among the 10 worst weeds of the world grows well in open, degraded land and has invaded forest plantations and riparian zones. Its allelopathic effect interrupts the regeneration process of native species by inhibiting the seed germination and growth.

III-15 FLORISTIC STUDY OF FEW ALIEN INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES OF DISTRICT GOPALGANJ, BIHAR.

Md. Sarfaraz Ahmad and Aleya Siddiquee Department of Botany, Gopeshwar College, Hathwa, Gopalganj, Bihar. [email protected]

Keywords: IAS, biodiversity loss, biomass production.

Alien Species (AS) after becoming locally dominant invades natural communities are referred as Invasive Alien Species (IAS). IAS are the second largest cause of biodiversity loss and impose high costs to agriculture, aquatic ecosystems and have the ability to displace native

124 Section XIV : Plant Sciences plant species, disrupt nutrient cycles, and change the pattern of plant succession. They have faster rate of growth and biomass production. District Gopalganj of N. Bihar is occupied by a large number of IAS which were originated from Himalayan range through flood water. Some species viz. Ageratum conyzoids, Antigonon leptopus Argemone mexicana, Lantana camara, Parthenium hysterophorus, Eichhornia stratiotes show serious threat to the native species.

III-16 EXPLORING THE AQUATIC AND SEMI AQUATIC ANGIOSPERMS AS HUMAN FOOD

Prasanjit Mukherjee and Jyoti Kumar Plant Taxonomy and Ecology, Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, K.K.M. College, Pakur., University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi [email protected]

Keywords : Aquatic and Semi Aquatic Angiosperms , Human Food.

The aquatic ecosystem supports a rich diversity of aquatic plants and animals. During the recent past, a number of Many experiments have proved that these highly productive plants are generally more productive than conventional terrestrial crops. A important food values, as vegetable or as medicine. Some of these can be cultivated as vegetables and for other ornamental purposes and cam be more productive because these plants does not require any fertilizers or tillage. number of aquatic plants are used as food. Many of these plants are sold in the urban vegetable market for its.

125 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

III-17 ETHNOBOTANICAL USES OF PLANTS BY ANDH AND PARDHI COMMUNITIES OF MARATHWADA REGION (M.S.)

Rafiuddin Naser & *Imtiyaz Hussain Zahid Botany Department. Maulana Azad College, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Campus, Aurangabad. (M.S.) 431001 ,*Department of Botany, Abeda Inamdar Senior College, Azam Campus, Pune. [email protected]

Keywords: Ethnobotany, contraceptives, abortifiacient, diarrhea dysentery,traditional healers etc.

The tribal communities of Marathwada region are dependent upon wild plants for their primary healthcare, and treatment of diseases. They collect the useful plants from the forest and cultivate in fields for using plant material as raw drug.The objective of present study is to highlight the information on utility of plants by Andh and Pardhi communities of the region. During this study 46 plant species are documented viz. Abrus precatorius, Acacia nilotica, Alangium salvifolium, Annona squamosa, Azadirachta indica, Calotropis gigantea, Enicostemma littorale and Lawsonia inermis which are new to the region.. Herbariums are deposited in the herbaria of Botany Department of Maulana Azad College, Aurangabad.

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III-18 INVESTIGATION ON ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTS OF KANNAUJ DISTRICT, U.P.

S.K. Verma and R.B. Yadav Department of Botany, JantaMahavidyalayaAjitmal, Auraiya-206121 (U.P.) India [email protected]

Keywords : Ethnomedicinal plants, Traditional medicinal uses

The present study deals with Ethnomedicinal plants of Kannauj district of Uttar Pradesh, India. The rich floristic diversity of district Kannaujhave been an important source of natural products with medicinal properties. The villagers of the district use large number of medicinal plant species for treatment of different diseases. But due to deforestation and indiscriminate exploitation of natural resources many valuable plant species are at the verge of extinction. About 60 plants species have been reported in this manuscript which are used for the treatment of various diseases.

III-19 TRADITIONAL INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS BY LOCAL RURAL PEOPLE FROM BANASTHALI UNIVERSITY, TONK DISTRICT-RAJASTHAN

Sweta Sain Science Department, Shekhawati Group of Institute, Sikar, Rajasthan 332001. [email protected]

Keywords: Biodiversity, Indigenous, Knowledge, Banasthali

Rajasthan have a variety of plants with great diversity and potential undisclosed in it. Since the beginning of human civilization, plants have been used by mankind for its therapeutic value. The present study is an attempt to explore the traditional indigenous knowledge of

127 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

the local rural people from Banasthali. A total of 44 plants species belong to 29 families and 41 gerera are found to be common throughout study area. Plant as a whole or plant part such as leaves, bark, root, fruit, pulp, latex and flower etc. are used for medicinal purposes.

III-20 ACMELLA RADICANS (JACQUIN) R.K. JANSEN (ASTERACEAE)–A NEW RECORD TO VIDHARBA REGION OF MAHARASHTRA STATE (INDIA).

Umakant B. Deshmukh*, Eanguwar Srinivas Reddy** and V. B Chavan*** * P.G. Department of Botany, Janata Mahavidyalaya, Chandrapur. Maharashtra, India.** Dep. of Botany, Baliram Patil Arts, Commerce and Science College, Kinwat, District Nanded, Maharashtra, *** Dep. of Botany, Science College Nanded, Maharashtra, [email protected]

Keywords: Acmella radicans, Asteraceae, new record, Vidharba region, India.

Acmella radicans (Jacquin) R.K. Jansen of Asteraceae family was collected from Chikhali Village of Mul Taluka of Chandrapur District, Vidharba region from Maharashtra State during an ethno botanical survey in January 2019. After going through the literature as well as herbarium specimens the Acmella radicans (Jacquin) R.K. Jansen is found to be new record for Vidharba of Maharashtra State, India. A brief description with coloured photograph, phenological data, current nomenclature, notes on distribution are provided here.

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III-21 UNCONVENTIONAL INDIGENOUS FOOD PLANTS OF WESTERN MADHYA PRADESH

Veena Satya S. B. N. Govt. P. G. College, Barwani, Madhya Pradesh- 451551, India. [email protected]

Keywords: NTFPs, Tribal, Food, Nutritional, Edible, Conserve.

NTFPs are the critical component of daily bread of rural and tribal people. The value of wild edible vegetable in food security will provide staple valuable nutritional supplements. A large number of plant species from various plant categories have been identified and reported as wild edible food species. Due to over exploitation, habitat destruction, natural disasters, and continuous invasion of alien species has led to need to document, conserve and cultivate wild food plants for sustainable utilization of them. In Present paper, 61 unconventional wild edible plants have been reported from western M.P. which is essential part of daily diet of tribal and rural people.

129 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

III-22 AN ETHNOBOTANICAL SURVEY OF MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES IN SERAIKELA-KHARSAWAN DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND, INDIA.

Vishnu Shankar Sinha , *Krishna Pyare and Sushant Ram P.G. Department of Botany, Tata College, Chaibasa, Jharkhand, India- 833202*Department of Botany, K.S. College, Seraikela, Jharkhand, India- 832401 [email protected]

Keywords: Tribals, Vaidyas, pharmacological, biochemical.

The survey was conducted during (2017-2018) to tribal rich areas of Seraikela- Kharsawan district for ethno botanical studies. Vaidyas, Kaviraj, informants, village head man and patients were interviewed. The survey reports found 20 medicinal plants Acacia nilotica Delile, Adhatoda vasica Nees, Aegle marmelos Correa, Amarantus spinosus L., Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees, Argemone mexicana L., Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Bauhinia acuminate L., Boerhaavia diffusa L., Carica papaya L., Cassia angustifolia L., Cassia fistula L., Cassia occidentalies L., Cassis tora L., Centella asiatica (L.) urban, Cicer arietinum L. are frequently used to cure various diseases. The results suggest further biochemical and pharmacological studies to be carried out.

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III-23 THE CHARACTERIZATION OF CASTOR (RICINUS COMMUNIS L.) ACCESSIONS FOR AGRO- MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS

Yamanura and R Mohan Kumar All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Castor, Zonal Agricultural research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru – 560 065 [email protected],[email protected]

Keywords: Agro-Morphological traits, Qualitative traits, Quantitative characters

Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is an industrially important non-edible oilseed crop; its seed oil has multifarious applications in production of wide industrial products. Germplasm is the basic gene pool to search for useful genes and genotypes needed for achieving desirable genetic improvement. Studies on genetic diversity are necessary to elucidate and categorize the naturally existing variability. In this context a study had been made to characterise 60 castor accessions based on their morphological characters as per DUS guidelines under augmented design during Kharif-2018 at AICRP Castor, GKVK, Bengaluru. All the germplasm shown great extent of morphological variability for all the traits observed.

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SUB-SECTION –IV

Angiosperms: Development and Reproductive Biology

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IV-01LEAF PHENOLOGY OF TAMARINDUS INDICA L. FOUND IN ALIERO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF KEBBI STATE, NIGERIA

Dharmendra Singh Department of Biological Sciences, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero Kebbi State, Nigeria, [email protected]

Keywords: Leaf Phenology, T. indica L. Aliero, Kebbi State.

Leaf dynamics is termed as leaf phenology. Phenological phases are reoccurring biological events that signal changes in climates environmental conditions and genetic factors during the developmental of the plants. In Tamarindus indica L. seasonal reduction in foliage was observed to have occurred during the period February to April, and minimum foliage was in March in individuals which did not become leafless. Detection of two variants in T. indica L in this study shows considererable functional diversity among conspecific trees. Individuals of T. indica L. responded variously to micro sites conditions, making it essentially a semi - evergreen species, in the Turawa valley of Aliero town (study area).

135 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

IV-02 EFFICACY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF MUTAGEN ON POLLEN STERILITY IN HYACINTH BEAN [LABLAB PURPUREUS (L.) SWEET]

Ganesh B Kulkarni and Gautam P Undirwade Department of Botany, J.E.S’. R.G. Bagdia Arts, S.B. Lakhotia Commerce and R. Bezonji Science college, Jalna 431203 (M.S.) [email protected]

Keywords: Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet, Hyacinth bean, EMS, SA, Gamma rays, pollen sterility.

Hyacinth bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] Fabaceae member, M1 generation of was raised by treating the seeds of varieties Konkan Bhushan and KonkanWal-2 with varied concentration of chemical (EMS- 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15%,and SA 0.010, 0.015 and 0.020 %) and physical (Gamma rays 5, 10 and 15KR) mutagens to observe the pollen sterility. The maximum pollen sterility 12.26 % seen at 0.020 % SA treatment in Konkan Bhushan and 14.40 % at 0.020 % SA treatment in Konkan Wal-2. The general trends shows directly proportional to increase pollen sterility with increasing concentration or doses of mutagens.

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IV-03 STUDY OF AEROSPORA IN THE ATMOSPHERE OF DECCAN PARK OF TOLICHOWKI AREA OF CENTRAL ZONE OF GREATER HYDERABAD OF TELANGANA STATE

*P. Chaya and Humera Shabnam Palynology and Paleobotany Research Lab, Department of Botany, University College of Science, Saifabad, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500004. [email protected];[email protected]

Keywords: Aeroallergens; Palynomixtum ; Deccan Park; Seven Tombs

Aerobiological studies of Deccan park, situated next to Qutub Shahi tombs in the Golconda area of Hyderabad, during July to September 2019 revealed diversified palynomixtum. The allergenic pollen grains include Prosopis juliflora, Ailanthus excelsa, Ageratum conyzoides, Holoptelea integrifolia, Achyranthes aspera, Amaranthus sps., Enterolobium saman, Grass pollen, Ricinus communis, Ocimum sps.,etc. and fungal spores Alternaria, Nigrospora, Bispora, Tetraploa, Curvularia, Torula, Epicoccum, Drecshlera, Sporidesmium, and Cladosporium are recorded. The study highlights the dominance of Ageratum conyzoides, Prosopis juliflora, and Grass pollen, Alternaria, and Nigrospora fungal spores in the atmosphere of Deccan Park of Tolichowki area of Hyderabad, Telangana State.

137 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations IV-04 EFFECT OF HEAVY METALS ON POLLEN GERMINATION AND POLLEN TUBE GROWTH OF KIGELIA AFRICANA (LAM.) BENTH.

Prakash R. Patel Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Govt. College, Silvassa, U.T of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, [email protected]

Keywords: heavy metals, pollen germination, pollen tube length, pollution, Kigelia Africana.

The effect of heavy metals on pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Kigelia africana was examined in vitro. Increase in the concentration of all the heavy metals tested adversely affected the pollen germination and tube growth. Most toxic effect on pollen germination was seen with Fe followed by Hg, Pb, Cu, Co, Zn, Cd and Al, while Cd was effective in regulating pollen tube length followed by Hg, Cu, Zn, Al, Pb, Co and Fe. All the heavy metals used inhibited pollen germination and pollen tube length of Kigelia africana, both at their lower and higher concentrations.

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IV-05 ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CULMS OF TWO SPECIES OF REED BAMBOOS; OCHLANDRA WIGHTII (MUNRO) C.E.C. FISCH AND OCHLANDRA TRAVANCORICA (BEDD.)BENTH.EX GAMBLE.

S.A Nisha. & R. Santhoshkumar Post Graduate Department & Research Centre of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. [email protected]

Keywords: Anatomy, Ochlandra, Vascular bundles.

The culms of Ochlandra wightii and Ochlandra travancorica of three different age groups was investigated for the anatomical characteristics. The analysis was undertaken for different age groups, height levels and zones. The vascular bundles were denser and thickly packed towards the outer zone in all age groups. The size of the vascular bundles was smaller towards the outer zone. There were no significant variations in vascular bundle frequency and the size in all the three age groups. Due to the maturation process, the wall thickness increased significantly from one year to above three years.

139 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

IV-06 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE TOWARDS FLORAL PRODUCTION – A REVIEW

Soumya Ranjan Nayak, Risheek Rahul Khanna Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi-110062, India [email protected]

Keywords: Global warming, Climate change, Vernalization, Florigen gene

Anthropological activities are the primary factor contributes towards increased level of green house gases in atmosphere results in global warming which adversely affects plants reproductive

cycle and distressing our agriculture. Atmospheric CO2 concentration increase from 280ppm in 1750s to 405ppm in 2017 with 0.740C average escalation in global temperature in last 100 years. Changing climate affects the phenology of plants and its interaction with different biological component. Flowering is complex gene regulatory mechanism influenced by environmental. In temperate region vernalization plays an important role in flowering. The flowering in cereals depend completely on vernalization for flower production. This review highlights the mechanism of flowering and its importance in changing environment.

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IV-07 FOUR KENYAN TURRAEA SPECIES (MELIACEAE) WITH ANTI-INSECT EFFECTS ON TUTA ABSOLUTA (MEYRICK).

Sumesh C. Chhabra, Chemistry Department, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844-00100 Nairobi, KENYA. [email protected]

Keywords: Tuta absoluta, Antifeedant, Turraea abyssinica, T. floribunda, T. Nilotica, T. wakefielfii, Meliaceae

Tuta absoluta Meyrick is one of the most important insect pests of Solanaceae. Chemical insecticides for its control develop resistance and have negative ecological effects. This led to search for more eco-friendly phytochemicals having subtle anti-pest properties. Genus Turraea is known to possess anti-insects activities. In the present study, four Kenyan plants, Turraea abyssinica, T. floribunda, T. nilotica and T. wakefielfii (Meliaceae) have been studied on T. absoluta larvae. The methanolic extract of T. abyssinica leaves was most active with LD50 = 270.7 ppm. Bioassay-guided studies of the active extracts led to isolation and characterization of four major compounds. Among these, havanensin was the most larvicidal constituent and toonacilide the most antifeedant on 2nd instar larvae of T. absoluta.

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SUB-SECTION V Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

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V-01 GC MS ANALYSIS OF THE WHOLE PLANT ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF THE RIVINA HUMILIS L.

A. Kavitha1,. and V. Mary Kensa2, 1 P.G. Department of Botany and Research Centre, S.T. Hindu College, Nagercoil - 629 002. M. S.University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamil Nadu;2Assistant professor, P.G. Department of Botany and Research Centre, S.T. Hindu College, Nagercoil -629002. [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: Confirms, Gas chromatography, phytoconstituents, Rivina humilis and Taiwan

The investigation was carried out to determine the chemical components of R humilis leaves using Perkin-Elmer Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry, while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract were matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library. In this study R. humilis confirms the presence of 30 phytoconstituents, the most prevailing compounds are 3-(prop-2- enolyloxy) dodecane, benzene,1,4-dicholoro, indene,1- methylene, 3 tetradecene, caffeine, n- hexadecanoic acid, 2-nonadecanone 2,4, octadecanoic acid, oleic acid, eicosyl ester etc. of medicinal value. The results of this study offer a platform of using Rivina humilis leaves as herbal alternative for various diseases.

145 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

V-02 BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE LAND RACES FROM KOLHAPUR DISTRICT OF MAHARASHTRA

A.G. Jadhav1, S. P. Desai1, V. J. Dhole2 , S. R. Biradar3, and N. B. Gaikwad1* 1Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004 2Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhaba Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085 Department of Botany,B. S. S. A. S. C. College Makni, Tq. Lohara 413604, Dist Osmanabad [email protected]

Keywords: Rice land races, macro and micro elements, protein, Beta carotene.

Ten aromatic and 44 non aromatic rice landraces from Kolhapur district were collected to know the diversity. These landraces were further investigated for biochemical analysis such as macro and micro elements, protein, nitrate, beta carotene, moisture and total ash content. The Raktisal, Champakali, Kothmirsal, Jondhala Jirga, Kali kumud and Kala Jirga aromatic accession and Walai-1, Kolyachi Sheput, Akilsal, Churmure Dodga, Dandali, Sawashin, Bhadas, Tulshibhat, Churmure Havla, Wandhara Bhat, Sorti and Mothiratna, the non aromatic accessions reported highest amount of macro and micro elements, protein, beta carotene, ash and moisture content. This study explains about the diversity of rice landraces from Kolhapur district and its nutritional importance and immediate effort needs to be initiated to conserve these rice landraces.

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V-03 EFFECT OF COPPER STRESS ON GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS ON THREE VARIETIES OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA L.

Andleeb Zehra and Tariq Aftab Advanced Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, A.M.U., Aligarh [email protected]

Keywords: Artemisia annua L., Copper stress, Cim-Arogya.

Heavy metal accumulation in soils is of great concern in agricultural production due to the adverse effects on food and crop growth. The effect of copper stress on growth and physiological characteristics of three varieties of Artemisia annua L. (Chinese variety, Cim-Sanjeevani and Cim-Arogya) was studied.It was applied to soil in the form of -1 CuSO4.5H2O in five different concentrations (5, 10, 20, 40, 60 mgkg ). Copper positively affected the height, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root height at 10 mgkg-1 concentration. Copper toxicity inhibited the activity of growth and physiological parametersin Cim-Arogya comparatively to other two varieties. Therefore, it is concluded that the Cim-Arogya of A. annua is most tolerant to copper stress.

147 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

V-04 STUDIES ON THE GROWTH POTENTIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSES OF BLACK GRAM [VIGNA MUNGO (L.) HEPPER] UNDER HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM STRESS

Ayushee Rath, Anath Bandhu Das P G Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar , Bhubaneswar , Odisha [email protected]

Keywords: Anti-oxidative enzymes, Black gram, Chlorophyll, Chromium, Hydroponic culture, Morphological

The effect of different micromolar concentrations of hexavalent chromium was tested on seed germination, physio-morphological parameters such as shoot length, root length, dry weight, fresh weight, chlorophyll, protein, carbohydrates and anti-oxidative enzymes viz. guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants such as carotenoids, proline and phenols of hydroponically grown black gram (Vigna mungo(L.)Hepper) were analyzed. The increase in the levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants with increasing hexavalent chromium concentrations suggest a scavenging mechanism of oxidative stress of chromium for survival of this important leguminous pulse.

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V-05 EFFECT OF WATER OF DIFFERENT QUALITY ON TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.

B. A Karle., A. B. Kadam P.G. Department of Botany, New Arts Commerce and Science College, Ahmednagar.Maharashtra. [email protected]

Keywords: Triticum aestivum L, Tap water, RO, ROR, Sewage.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is important cereal grain from family Poaceae used all over world as food. Wheat is mostly extensively grown cereal crop in the world covering about 237 million hectares annually influenced by water quality in some extent. Water is essential for life and key natural resources for human survival as well as plant growth. Water quality influences the crop yield, quality, nutritional value, pigments. In present study wheat plant treated with tap water, RO water, ROR water and sewage water. Root length, shoot length, dry weight, fresh weight noted after 17 days and 45 days from germination, highest in tap water and lowest in ROR but chlorophyll and protein content higher in ROR water. V-06 EFFECT OF DROUGHT ON THE GERMINATION OF RED KIDNEY BEAN USING PEG (POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL)

B S Manoj * and Moni Gupta Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Jammu [email protected]

Keywords: Catalase, Peroxide, Polyethylene Glycol, Rajma, Superoxide dismutase

Red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivation is gaining popularity among growers in the Northern Plains and North Western Himalayas of India. It is popularly known as “Rajma”,it as superior health benefits and better value-added export opportunities.Seed priming makes uniform seed germination and growth under broad

149 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

range of environments. Under abiotic stresses, phenolics played a critical role in metabolic and structural adjustments along with antioxidants activity. This study evaluates the effects of drought stress induced by PEG(Polyethylene Glycol) on metabolic regulation and health-relevant bioactive markers in germinated seeds. V-07 PLANT-ROOT INTERACTIONS AS MYCORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS WITH EMPHASIS ON MINERAL UPTAKE AND REGULATORY MECHANISMS UNDERLYING TRANSPORT PROCSSESS

Baljinder Kaur Department of Botany, Siri Guru Har Rai Sahib College for Women, Chabbewal, Hoshiarpur, Punjab [email protected]

Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, Nutrient uptake, Phosphate uptake

Plant growth and development largely depends upon concentration of mineral nutrition available in the soil. About 80% of all known land plant species show mycorrhizal interactions. Plants induce high efficiency transport systems and establish symbiosis that facilitate mineral uptake. Mycorrhizal fungus retrieves nutrients (Phosphorus, Nitrogen) and passes to plant roots. The most common endomycorrhizal interactions occur between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The recent detailed functioning of mycorrhizal processes gave potential benefits of improved understanding of mycorrhizal interactions.

150 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

V-08 NIGHT SLEEP IN MALACHRA CAPITATA L. (MALVACEAE) AND ITS IMPACT ON PLANT REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL-A FIRST REPORT FROM INDIA.

Biswarupa Ghosh1 and Debabrata Saha2 1Department of Botany, Brahmananda Keshab Chandra College, Kolkata- 700108;2Institute of Trans-Disciplinary Health Science and Technology, Bangalore-500056 [email protected]

Keywords: circadian cycle, Malachra capitata, nyctinasty, reproductive potential

Nyctinasty or night sleep in Malachra capitata L. (Malvaceae)was recorded for the first time. To understand the role of nyctinasty two natural M. capitata populations were examined. The Group-1 plants experienced natural circadian cycle and exhibited robust leaf night sleep movement. The scatter-plot for number of flowers produced by the plant and its total biomass exhibited a strong correlation with R value of 0.75 in Group-I. The Group-II plants that experienced 24 hours of illumination, had a poor correlation between flower production and biomass accumulation (R=0.27). Hence, nyctinasty may facilitate biomass accumulation in plants for improving their reproductive potential.

151 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

V-09 PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF DOLICHOS LABLAB (LABLAB PURPUREUS)

D. Sai kumari* and Neeti Saxena Mycology and plant pathology lab, University college for Women, Koti, Osmania university, Hyderabad [email protected]

Keywords: Phytochemical, Dolichos lallab, flavanoid, phenol, solvents.

Phytochemicals are the plant derivatives which are used in mainly in herbal drugs. They cure many endemic, epidemic diseases. In the world only 6% of plants were identified as for mankind. There is a huge need of medicinal plants to be discovered for the day today challenge of world population. In the present study phyto-chemical analysis of Dolichos lablab showed and contains sugar, alcohols, phenols, steroids,essential oils, alkaloids, tannins, flavanoids, saponins, coumarins, terpenoids and other pigments. In the analysis used high polarity to low polarity solvents were used. This study showed that this phytochemical contents have significant pharmocological activity. V-10 EVALUATION ON THE QUANTIFICATION OF PCBS RESIDUES IN VEGETABLES OF BIHAR

Dhiraj Kumar G.M.S.S +2 High School, Madhubani [email protected]

Keywords: Quantification, PCBS, Vegetable.

152 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

fresh and dry weight germination %, chlorophyll, protein, total sugar, reducing sugar and free amino acid content. Antioxidative stress indicator like proline, Catalase and superoxide dismutase increased in the current experiment. The work may be helpful to provide an insights of susceptibility /resistance of crop growth under [ Cr+6 ] heavy metal stresses. V-11 RESPONSE OF CAPSICUM ANNUUM L. SAPLINGS TOWARD THE HUMIC ACID: BIOMASS MEASUREMENT AND ANATOMICAL CHANGES

Jay Pandya1*, Hima Vadera2, Shailesh Mehta1 1 Botany Department, Sir P. P. Institute of Science, M. K. Bhavnagar, University- 364001, Gujarat.; 2Department of Life Sciences, M. K. Bhavnagar University [email protected]

Keyword: Hydroponics, Half Hoagland media, humic acid, Capsicum

Capsicum annuum L. is easy to grow in short period and economically important plant. Present experiment is established to develop healthy saplings. They grow to observe the growth pattern of saplings in soil and liquid media. Therefore, saplings are immersed in different hydroponic media for mineral uptake. Four different culture set-ups with 10 replicates of saplings are created, such as; Tap water (Control), Hoagland Solution, Half - Hoagland Solution and Humic acid Solution. According to the composition of media, different effects on growth and anatomical changes found on saplings growth. Changes are compared with soil grown saplings.

153 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

V-12 CHARACTERIZATION OF STRESS RESPONSIVE GENES WITH DOMAINS OF UNKNOWN FUNCTIONS (DUFS) IDENTIFIED IN INDIAN MULBERRY

KH Dhanyalakshmi, RS Sajeevan, HV Chaithra, B Pooja, M Savitha and KN Nataraja * Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore-560 065 [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: adaptive processes, domains of unknown functions (DUFs), abiotic stresses

In plants, all stress adaptive processes are governed by the induction and expression of several stress responsive genes. But the exact role of many of these genes is not yet understood as their functional domain lack sequence similarity to existing known proteins, called as domains of unknown functions (DUFs). The present study analysed the expression pattern of some of these unattended genes of unknown functions with DUFs, in response to abiotic stresses, in mulberry. The stress responsive nature of many of these genes suggest that their further functional validation in model systems would uncover their role in stress adaptation.

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V-13 DROUGHT-INDUCED PROLINE METABOLISM IN TWO GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.) CULTIVARS WITH CONTRASTING DROUGHT TOLERANCE

K.V.Madhusudhan*1 and Chinta Sudhakar2 1Department of Botany, Government College for Men, Kurnool, AP, 2Department of Botany, S.K.University, Anantapur, AP, India [email protected]

Keywords: Proline metabolism, Glycine betaine, MDA, water stress, drought tolerance

Drought tolerant (cv. K-134) and susceptible (cv. JL-24) cultivars of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were evaluated for free proline accumulation, activities of pyrroline-5- carboxylate reductase (P-5-CR), proline oxidase and proline dehydrogenase (PDH) along with malondialdehyde (MDA) and glycine betaine levels in relation to different regimes of water stress. Significant accumulation of free proline content in leaves of both cultivars with concomitant increase in pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase activity and decrease in proline oxidase and proline dehydrogenase was found indicatingaltered varied proline metabolism between the cultivars. The magnitude of physiological responses was dependent on stress severity and varied between the cultivars. The relative tolerance of these two cultivars is discussed.

155 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

V-14 ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING OF FRUIT EXTRACT OF AVERRHOACARAMBOLA (L.): A NOVEL ALTERNATIVE

Kanchan Joshi*a, Sudhir Kumar andb Almasc aDepartment of Botany, Surajmal Agarwal Private Kanya Mahavidyalaya, Kichha;b,cDepartment of Food Technology, SurajmalAgarwal Private Kanya Mahavidyalaya,Kichha. [email protected]

Keywords: oxidative stress, phytochemicals, antioxidant, carcinogen, Averrhoa carambola

To sustain the nutrient reserve of escalating population has led to the exploration of natural novel alternatives of plant origin possessing nutraceutical value. Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) is one such creation of nature with the presence of different phytochemicals and antioxidant potential in ripe fruit The antioxidant potential was tested at varying concentration (0.1-0.5 μg/ ml) and found to be dose dependent. Maximum (75.42 %) and

minimum (61.35%) inhibition was found at 0.5 μg/ ml and 0.1 μg/ ml respectively with IC50 value of 2.46 μg/ ml whereas phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of diverse group of pharmacologically relevant compounds. V-15 ROLE OF BRASSICA COMPESTRIS (VAR SARASON) IN MODIFYING ARSENIC INDUCED TOXICITY

M. K. Sharma1 and Aparna Pareek2 1Department of Zoology, SPC Government College, jmer;2Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004(India) [email protected]

Keywords: Arsenic; Brassica compestris; Swiss albino mice; Antioxidant enzymes

Impaired antioxidative potential or defense mechanisms and oxidative stress are implicated in the pathogenesis of arsenic toxicity. In the present study an attempt was made to examine the role of Brassica compestris seed extract (800 mg/kg body weight in double distilled water as orally) against the Sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, 4mg/kg body weight in 0.9% NaCl

156 Section XIV : Plant Sciences as i.p. ) induced oxidative stress in Swiss albino mice. Arsenic treated animals showed highly significant depletion in various antioxidant/detoxification enzymes activity. Thus, our present study strongly suggest that elevation of the intracellular antioxidant defenses by Brassica seed extract may have preventive or therapeutic effects against arsenic induced oxidative stress. V-16 OVEREXPRESSION OF ATPAL1 GENE IN DECALEPSIS SP. AN ENDANGERED MEDICINAL PLANT

Manjula Ranganatha, Ashwani Sharma, Nagashree N Rao* Department of Biotechnology, Rashtreeya Vidyalaya College of Engineering,Bengaluru: 560 059 [email protected]

Keywords: overexpression, Decalepis, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzaldehyde, Agrobacterium

The omnipresence of an astounding molecule, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzaldehyde (2HMB) in roots of Decalepis sp. has led to its unregulated harvesting and inclusion in IUPAC Red listed plants. Since 2HMB is the hypothesised product of phenylpropanoid pathway and first key enzyme being phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), the overexpression of ATPAL1 gene was carried out in Decalepis through Agrobacterium mediated transformation. The leaf and nodal segments of Decalepis were used as explants. The putative transformants were screened for the presence of PA L gene by PCR amplification with specific primers. Further the PAL enzyme activity was analysed in both transformed and untransformed shoot lets.

157 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

V-17 OVEREXPRESSION OF CYP76AD1 GENE IN BASELLA SP. A LEAFY VEGETABLE

Manjula Ranganatha, Nagashree N Rao and Ashwani Sharma* Department of Biotechnology Rashtreeya Vidyalaya College of Engineering, Bengaluru: 560 059 [email protected]

Keywords: overexpression, Agrobacterium, Basella, CYP76AD1

Basella sp. is used as edible leafy vegetable and a rich source of nutraceutically important bioactive compounds. Overexpression of CYP76AD1 gene in nodal segments of Basella was carried out through Agrobacterium mediated transformation. The nodal segments were suspended in Agrobacterium culture for different intervals of time. After co-cultivation for two days the explants were transferred to antibiotic selection media. The putative transformed shoot lets survived on selection media were further evaluated for presence of the gene by PCR amplification. This work can be further harnessed to evaluate the biosyntic genes involved in betalains biosynthetic pathway. V-18 LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF TAGETES ERECTA L. LEAF EXTRACT AGAINST MUSCA DOMESTICA L.

Manjula Rathod * and Pratima Mathad1 * Ph. D. Scholar, Dept. of P. G Studies and Research in Botany, Gulbarga University, Kalaburagi- 585106, Karnataka, 1 Dept. of P. G Studies and Research in Botany, Gulbarga University, Kalaburagi- 585106, Karnataka [email protected] , [email protected]

Keywords: Tagetes erecta, M. domestica, house fly, biopotential, larvae.

Tagetes erecta L. (Asteraceae) known as genda phool in India, leaves used to treat epileptic fits [Ayurveda). The present work is an attempt against larvae of Musca domestica which act as vector for spreading many diseases in humans and livestock’s. The 3rd instar

158 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

larvae of M. domestica treated with different concentrations of ethanolic Tagetes erecta leaf extract. The results revealed that the efficacy of ethanolic leaf extract increases as concentration increases 0.5mg, 1mg, 2mg and 5mg/ml respectively. From the study it can be evident that the ethanolic leaf extract of Tagetes erecta serves as biopotential source against house fly larvae. V-19 LIGHT ADAPTIVE MECHANISMS IN HIGH ALTITUDE PLANTS OF TRANS HIMALAYAN REGION- LADAKH

Manu Khajuria and Dhiraj Vyas Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Biodiversity and Applied Botany Division Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu, J&K, India [email protected]

Keywords: Photosynthetic Pigments, Glucosinolates, Non Photochemical Quenching, VDE

In order to study various adaptive mechanisms in the high altitude plants against high light intensities five plant species viz. Christollea himalayensis, Lepidium latifolium, Nepeta longibracteata, Rheum and Tanacetum were selected. Total Carotenoid content varied from 1.4 to 2.7mg 100g–1 FW). Maximum expression of Carotenoid biosynthetic genes was seen in case of Lepidium. Maximum transcript level of PSY- first gene of carotenoid biosynthetic pathway was seen in case of Lepidium about 2.31, 3.52, 66 and 27.1 folds than Nepeta, Tanacetum,Christollea and Rheum respectively.Transcript level of VDE gene ,controls the concentration of zeaxanthin in chloroplasts was found to be 3.1 and 5431 folds higher in Lepidium than Christollea and Nepetalongibracteata respectively.

159 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

V-20 OBSERVATION OF EFFICIENCY OF FLY ASH ON THE GROWTH, PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS, PROTEIN AND LEGHAEMOGLOBIN CONTENT OF CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.)

Mohammad Haris* and Abrar Ahmad Khan Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology Lab, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, U.P., India [email protected]

Keywords: Chickpea, fly ash, growth, photosynthetic pigments

Thermal power plants are generally coal based, produces a huge amount of fly ash that contains essential nutrients and helpful in agriculture. The present study was carried out in green house to observe the efficiency of fly ash application with different concentration (0% - 30% w/w) in agricultural soil improve the growth, photosynthetic pigments, protein and leghaemoglobin content of chickpea. Results showed that at low levels of fly ash increased all above parameters and maximum being at 20% compared to control. So, the research study suggests that fly ash can be used at 20% for the best growth.

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V-21 STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL BIO-MINERALS ISOLATED FROM IPOMOEA AQUATICA FORSSK

Nabanita Chakraborty1*, Archan Kanti Das1, Basanta Kumar Das1, Basudev Mandal2, Ranjan Kumar Manna1, Satakshi Basu3, Arunava Goswami3 1ICAR – Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI),Barrackpore, Kolkata – 700120;2Department of Aquaculture Management & Technology (AMT)Vidyasagar University, Midnapore – 721102;3Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit (AERU)Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), Kolkata- 700108 [email protected]

Keywords: Ipomoea aquatica; Raphides, NMR, FT-IR, AFM, Citrobacter

Raphides or calcium oxalate crystals constitute an important bio-mineral, produced abundantly by aquatic macrophytes imperative to their biological interaction. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Infra-red Spectroscopy confirmed the presence of raphides in the dried leaves of Ipomoea aquatica. Atomic force microscopy showed raphides as hydrous inorganic salt displaying average peaks between 4-5 nm with homogeneity of dispersion. Direct bio-autography followed by agar well diffusion and broth dilution assay revealed the in-vitro antibacterial property of the crystals against fish pathogen Citrobacter freundii with MIC at 50μg/ml as compared to OTC at 16μg/ml and MBC at 4000 μg/ml. Raphides exhibited strong free radical scavenging activity with AAI 1.38 and IC50 0.144 mg/ml.

161 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

V-22 ENHANCEMENT OF ZN AND FE DENSITY IN BARLEY GRAIN THROUGH FERTILIZATION STRATEGIES

Namita Yadav and Yogesh Kumar Sharma Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: iron; zinc; tissue; barley; foliar application

The present study was designed with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) var. K551 to elucidate

the effect of single and combined foliar application of 0.5% aqua solution of ZnSO4.7H2O

and FeSO4.7H2O on the growth, yield and tissue Zn and Fe concentration in grain at different days (35d, 45d, 35+45d, 45+55d, 55d and 65d) of plant growth. The results showed that plant growth, yield and Zn & Fe accumulation in grain were found to be increased significantly with combined foliar application Zn+Fe at 35+45d, single Zn foliar application at 45+55d, and single Fe foliar application also at 35+45d when applied twice as compared to control. V-23 ENHANCEMENT OF ARACHIS HYPOGAEA: SEED PRIMING AND FOLIAR SPRAY OF COELOMIC FLUID FROM EUDRILUS EUGENIAE

Nadana Raja Vadivu Ganapathy Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamilnadu, India [email protected]

Keywords: Coelomic fluid, Eudrilus eugeniae, Arachis hypogaea and plant growth

The vermiwash or coelomic fluid unequivocally improved the growth of many plants. The present study is focused on the effect of seed priming on Arachis hypogaea using different concentrations of coelomic fluid collected under cold stress. After 60 days with regular

162 Section XIV : Plant Sciences interval of foliar spray, the growth parameters were evaluated. AgRes statistical package was used for evaluating the parameters like root, shoot and seedling length, germination percentage and vigor index. On comparing different concentrations such as diluted (1:10 and 1:1) and undiluted, the diluted 1:10 showed higher significant difference. The study proved that diluted concentrations enhanced the growth parameters and also an alternative for chemical fertilizers. V-24 ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORY, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, TOTAL PHENOL, TOTAL FLAVONOIDS AND LC-MS PROFILING OF ECLIPTA ALBA L.

Navi Ranjan and Manorma Kumari Department of Botany, A. N. College, Patna, India [email protected]

Keywords: Antioxidants, Acetylcholinesterase, DPPH. Eclipta alba L., Total phenol, Total Flavonoid.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and antioxidant activity are considered to be highly correlated with Alzheimer’s disease treatment. AChE inhibitory activity was measured with modified Ellman method at 405 nm and antioxidant activity measured based on 1, 1 DPPH free radical scavenging test at 517 nm. % inhibition for AChE ranged from 18.52±0.29 to 46.25±0.20 whereas DPPH activity from 10.36±0.22 to 24.86±0.48. Total phenols was found to be 14.89±0.21 mgGAE/g. For total Flavonoids absorbance value ranged from 0.092 to 0.197 (510nm). The TIC and EIC LC-MS shows different mol. wt compounds in methanolic extract.

163 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations V-25 ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF 5-HMF FROM GREWIA ASIATICA FRUIT

Navneet Kour, Vikas Sharma, Shashank K Singh# and Prasoon Gupta* Division of Biochemistry,Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main Campus Chatha, Jammu- 180 009, J&K, India#Cancer Pharmacology Division, & *Natural Product Chemistry DivisionIndian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road Jammu- 180001, J&K, India [email protected]

Keywords: Grewia asiatica, in vitro cytotoxicity, HRMS

The aim of the study is to investigate the in vitro cytotoxic potential of methanolic extract of Grewia asiatica fruit and isolation of active compound. The methanolic extract was fractionated with hexane, chloroform and butanol solvents and evaluated against eight different human cancer cell lines via SRB assay. The results revealed that chloroform fraction of G. asiatica exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity against colon cancer cell line (SW- 620) inhibiting growth up to 70% hexane inhibited the cell proliferation of SW-620 cell line by 76%. A compound 5-hydroxy methyl furfural was isolated from chloroform fraction through column chromatography and characterized via NMR and mass spectroscopy (HRMS) and tested against SW-620 cell line .

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V-26 PHYTOEXTRACTION OF LEAD (PB) USING BIODEGRADABLE CHELANT (EDDS) INSOLANUM NIGRUM

Padma Sharma and Harminder P. Singh Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India [email protected]

Keywords: EDDS, Phytoextraction, Pb uptake, biodegradable

Solanum nigrum has a potential to accumulate metals efficiently. We investigated the effect of EDDS (4 mM) on the Pb uptake by S. nigrum in a pot experiment conducted under screen house conditions. Growth, photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic efficiency, Pb uptake and accumulation were measured after six weeks. The results indicated that plants grown in soil with different Pb concentrations and EDDS depicted better accumulation and tolerance compared to the control and plants treated only with Pb alone. Addition of chelant enhanced root- shoot length, total chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency. The results strongly suggest that greater phytoextraction can be accomplished by the application of environment friendly and biodegradable chelant EDDS. V-27 GC- MS ANALYSIS OF STELLARIA MEDIA L.( VILL.) CHICKWEED CHLROFORM EXTRACT

Pooja Chak, Meenu Devi and Jaya Dwivedi Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan [email protected]

Keywords: GC-MS, Maceration, Pharmacological.activity; oxygen evolution

Phytochemical composition of n-butanol fraction of stellaria media (Chickweed) was carried out using Gas chromatography Mass Spectrometric analysis. The air dried plant material was extracted in 90% methanol using in cold maceration and concentrated in a rotary evaporator and selective partitioning done using solvents of increasing polarity

165 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

namely, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain four different fraction which were subjected to GC-MS.Each of the fractions was further subjected to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results of the study revealed the presence of diverse range of bioactive moieties. Thus, identification of different biologically active compounds in the extracts of plant material warrants further biological and pharmacological studies. V-28 IMPACT OF DIMETHOATE 30% EC ON SEED GERMINATION, SEEDLING GROWTH, SEEDLING BIO- MASS OF LATHYRUS ODORATUS L AND THEIR SYNERGISTIC EFFECT WITH CYTOKININS.

Pooja Sharma and Vishnu Shankar Sinha PG Department of Botany, Tata College, Chaibasa, West Singhbhum , Jharkhand -833202 [email protected]

Keywords: Dimethoate 30% EC, cytokinins, germination, seedling, Lathyrus odoratus L

The effect of Dimethoate 30% EC (C5H12NO3 PS2) pesticides and their synergistic effect with cytokinins was observed on seed germination, seedling growth and seedling biomass performance of Lathyrus odoratus L (Fabaceae).Ten plants from each treatment and control were randomly selected to evaluate the seedling growth, and seedling biomass performance. The coefficient of variation (CV) test confirmed that Dimethoate 30% EC was more effective than a mixture of Dimethoate and cytokinins. The % of seed germination, seedling growth and biomass were optimum at 0.02 % concentrations in both the treatments but Dimethoate 30% EC was more effective than a mixture of Dimethoate and cytokinins solution at 0.10 % concentration.

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V-29 MODULATION IN THE ANTIOXIDATIVE METABOLISM UNDER WATER STRESS IN MANGANESE DEFICIENT TOMATO PLANTS

Priyanka Singh* and Nalini Pandey Plant Nutrition and Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, U.P. India; [email protected] , [email protected]

Keywords: superoxidative dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), water stress, tomato.

The effect of water stress on physiological and biochemical component of tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum L.) was investigated under pot culture experiment. Mn was supplied at two levels, manganese deficient (0.5 ìM) and manganese sufficient (10.0 ìM) in the form of MnSO4.H2O. The stress condition was created by withholding water supply to analyse its influence on RWC and antioxidant enzymes activity. RWC in the leaves of tomato plants subjected to water stress declined progressively. On the other hand, activities of antioxidant enzymes, SOD and POX was upregulated at MnS-W level. A decrease in POX activity was further observed at MnD-W level. V-30 EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE ROOTS OF MILLETTIA PINNATA

Ramya Kuber Banoth*, Ashwini Thatikonda Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women’s University), Tirupati-517502. [email protected]

Keywords: Millettia pinnata, Invitro antioxidant methods, free radical.

The antioxidant activity of ethanolic, ethyl acetate, water and n-hexane extracts of Millettia pinnata roots were carried out using different methods like DPPH free radical scavenging assay, Lipid peroxidation, Nitric oxide radical scavenging and Superoxide radical scavenging

167 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

activities and the antioxidant activities of all the fractions was confirmed by comparing IC50 values. Based on IC50 values, ethanolic root extract was more potent and effective among all the fractions of roots of Millettia pinnata due to presence of active constituents, poly phenols, and flavonoids. Present work is the basic approach for antiparkinsonian activity of natural plants. V-31 HIGH PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATO- GRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF STIGMASTEROL IN IN VIVO AND IN VITRO PARTS OF MERREMIA SPS.

Ridhi Joshi and VidyaPatni* Plant Pathology, tissue culture and biotechnology laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004 [email protected]*

Keywords: HPTLC, Stigmaserols, in vitro.

Plant sterols (or phytosterols) are a naturally occurring part of all plant for example in nuts, legumes, grains, cereals, wood pulp and leaves. Stigmasterol is useful in prevention of certain cancers, including ovarian, prostate, breast, and colon cancers. It also possessespotent antioxidant, hypoglycemic and thyroid inhibiting properties. Qualitative and quantitative standardization of stigmasterol through HPTLC has been performed. HPTLC determination of stigmasterol has also done. Seed, Stem and callus parts of Merremia aegyptia showed significant amount of stigmasterol (Rf-0.92) which was recorded to be 59ng/μl, 9.8 ng/ μl and 9.0 ng/ μl respectively. The amount of compound in calli was lowest as compared to that found in in vivo plant parts.

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V-32 IN VITRO SELECTION OF SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) VARIETY JARAVA

S.K. Reddy Cytogenetic, Tissue culture and Molecular biology Lab., Department of Botany, Osmania University, Hyderabad-7, Telangana. [email protected]

Keywords: Salt Tolerence, Tissue Culture, Jarava

In this experiment, the method of tissue culture was used to develop a tolerant variety Jarava to a higher level of tolerance by exposing the callus produced from the mature embryo to different levels of salinity (0.0, 50, 100, 150 and 200) mM and then selecting the best tolerant cells and producing plants from them. The plants tested on different concentrations of salinity, in normal conditions (pots) and evaluated by some indicators of proline, carbohydrate, K, Na and Cl. The results showed that the best salt-tolerant callus was at 150 mM concentration, according to salinity tolerance indices, although 200 mM were better than 150 mM concentration in the indicators, but the callus at 200 mM concentration did not survived. Plants were also tolerated for salinity at 150 mM concentrations for two weeks at all indicators, but plants died at a concentration of 200 mM under the same conditions.

169 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

V-33 EXTRACTION OF NATURAL DRUG DIOSGENIN FROM HERBAL PLANT TRIBULUS TERRISTRIS

S. Monica Nissy*, Pingali Manasa*, DV.Surya Prakash#, Dr.Meena Vangalapati* * Dept of Chemical Engineering,AUCE (A), Andhra University, A.P, India;# Dept of Biotechnology,Meerut Institute of Engg., Meerut, U.P [email protected]

Keywords : Diosgenin, Tribulus terristris, saponin , medicinal activity.

Diosgenin is a steroidal saponin present in various medicinal plants. Tribulus terristris is a natural herb with a major content of diosgenin saponin which results in positive treatment of various disorders. In the present work, saponin is extracted from the T.terristris The estimation of Diosgenin extracted is compared to the standard (0.75) and Rf values of the samples are 0.74,0.61. The diosgenin sample extracted from Tribulus is rich of medicinal effects, so as natural drug can be used in our daily lives with minute side effects. V-34 ANTIOXIDATIVE RESPONSES OF MUSTARD GROWN IN ZINC- CONTAMINATED SOIL WITH THE APPLICATION OF CHELANTS

S. N. Pandey* and Isha Verma Department of Botany,University of Lucknow, Lucknow- 226007 [email protected]

Keywords: antioxidative enzymes, catalase, peroxidase, chelants, mustard.

The mustard plants grown in excess zinc amended soil were supplied with EDTA and Citric acid (CA), singly or in combination. Plants were examined for antioxidative responses of catalase, peroxidase activity and proline content. Proline content was found decreasing in CA+ EDTA and EDTA. Proline content showed maximum reduction at CA+ EDTA in

170 Section XIV : Plant Sciences zinc- contaminated soil. The antioxidative enzymes catalase and peroxidase showed maximum activity in CA + EDTA application in soil. Both the use of chelants CA and EDTA increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes. These, results may be helpful on remedial measures to minimize toxic effects of heavy metals/Zn contamination in soil on plants. V-35 MUTAGENIC EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OF RADIATION AND MUTAGEN INDUCED CHLOROPHYLL MUTANTS IN AJARA GHANSAL RICE CULTIVAR FROM KOLHAPUR (MH)

S. P. Desai1, A.G Jadhav1, V. J. Dhole2 and N. B. Gaikwad1* 1Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004;2 Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhaba Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085 [email protected]

Keywords: Ajara Ghansal, mutagenic efficiency, mutagenic effectiveness, mutation rate.

The seeds of Ajara Ghansal, a non basmati aromatic rice cultivar, endemic to Ajara tehsil of Kolhapur district were treated with three doses of Gamma rays and three concentrations of chemical mutagens. The frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations, mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency, total mutation rates were estimated at different levels to study the nature and effect of mutagens in M2 generation. The maximum mutagenic effectiveness and mutation rate was found in SA and minimum in Gamma rays while EMS has highest mutation rate on mutagenic efficiency. SA is a most effective and EMS is highly efficient mutagen for induction of desired changes.

171 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

V-36 PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING BY FTIR SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF LEAF AND STEM OF CLEMATIS TERNIFLORA DC

S. Rajeswari and V.R Sumitha Post Graduate Department and Research Centre of Botany, M.G College, Trivandrum, Kerala [email protected]

Keywords: Clematisterniflora, FTIR, Spectroscopy, Functional groups

The present study is aimed to analyse the leaf and stem powder of Clematis terniflora through FTIR spectroscopy method. The studies revealed different characteristic peak values with various functional compounds in the leaf and stem. The FTIR analysis of C. terniflora confirmed the presence of amide, phenols, alkanes, carboxylic acids and nitro compounds, which showed major peaks. V-37 EFFECT OF CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MUTAGENS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF TRACHYSPERMUM AMMI (L.)

Saima Malik* and Samiullah Khan Mutation Breeding Lab., Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India, 202002 [email protected]

Keywords: EMS, Gamma rays, Physiological parameters, Trachyspermum ammi

Physical and chemical mutagens are used to create genetic variations in crop plants. Trachyspermum ammi L. (Ajwain) is an important medicinal plant, cultivated for its leaves, seeds and oils. This experiment was conducted to find out the physiological response of

Ajwain var. AA-1 in M1 generation using gamma rays and EMS as mutagens. The

172 Section XIV : Plant Sciences chlorophyll and carotenoid content, and carbonic anhydrase activity were recorded in the different concentrations of gamma and EMS treatments. EMS treated plant showed decreased concentrations than the gamma treated plants. Change in physiological parameter by mutagen plays an essential role in mutation breeding and crop improvement programmes. V-37 STUDY ON ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF ZINGIBER OFFICINALE

Sanjeev Kumar Vidyarthi Department of Botan, Dr. L.K.V.D. College, Tajpur, Samastipur L.N. Mithila University, Darbhanga, India [email protected]

Keywords: Ginger, Antibacterial activity, inhibition, medicinal properties, bacterial infections.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a spice value has a number of chemicals responsible for its medicinal properties, such as antiarthritis, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, etc. The antibacterial activity and medicinal properties of ginger extracts were studied. Ginger extracts were obtained using solvents, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanolicsoxhlet and water. The extracts were assayed for antibacterial activity and bacterial growth inhibition activity. The results showed that all the extracts except the water extract have antibacterial activity and that the inhibition of bacterial growth was dose dependent. The results also showed that ginger extracts possesses antibacterial properties and could be used for the treatment of bacterial infections.

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V-38 CHROMIUM INDUCED TOXICITY ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF HORSE GRAM [MACROTYLOMA UNIFLORUM (LAM. ) VERDC.] VAR. MADHU

Shilpee Dhali and Chinmay Pradhan P. G. Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar- 751004,Odisha, India. [email protected]

Keywords: Macrotyloma uniflorum, Chromium stress, Chlorophyll, Antioxidative enzymes, Protein, Hydrophonically

Present preliminary hydrophonic study examines the impact of hexavalent chromium [Cr+6] on physiological, biochemical and antioxidant activity of Macrotyloma uniflorum under different concentrations (25μM, 50μM, 100μM, 150μM) provided as K2Cr2O7. High dose of Cr+6 showed deleterious effect on the root and shoot length ,fresh and dry weight germination %, chlorophyll, protein, total sugar, reducing sugar and free amino acid content . Antioxidative stress indicator like proline, Catalase and superoxide dismutase increased in the current experiment. The work may be helpful to provide an insights of susceptibility/ resistance of crop growth under [Cr+6] heavy metal stresses.

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V-39 HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON STEM GALL OF CORIANDRUM SATIVUM CAUSED BY PROTOMYCES MACROSPORUS

Smita Jain Department of Botany, Govt. Dungar College, Bikaner, (Raj) 334001 [email protected]

Keywords: Coriandrum sativum , Protomyces macrosporus, metabolites.

Coriandrum sativum (Dhania) is one of the earliest spices known to mankind. During establishment of host parasite relationships several biochemical changes takes place at infection sites. Qualitative histochemical studies or localization of various chemicals provided an insight in to the biochemical phenomenon at the cellular level involving physiology of parasitism. In the present study localization of certain metabolites and enzymes has been carried out. Presence of different metabolites is indicated by change in colour was significant. Localization of metabolites and activity of enzymes was more in the gall as compared to the normal counterpart, with maximum activity in and around the chlamydospores. V-40 THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF HERBAL COMPOSITION-

LIVINA AGAINST CCL4-INDUCED HEPATIC FIBROSIS BY AMELIORATING OXIDATIVE STRESS

Soumendra Darbar Research & Development Division, Dey’s Medical Stores Manufacturing Limited, 62, Bondel Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal [email protected]

Keywords: Oxidative stress; Polyherbal composition, Liver injury; Livina; Antioxidant

The therapeutic effect of developed herbal composition-Livina against CCl4-induced hepatic damage in mice was investigated. In vitro studies showed that this Livina possesses antioxidant as well nitric oxide scavenging activity. In vivo administration of CCl4 in groundnut 175 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

oil (1:1) for 30 days resulted increased liver lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls, and nitrite and nitrate levels and significantly lowers the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidise, glutathione S-transferase and reduced glutathione as compared with control mice. This observation was supplemented by histopathological examination in liver. The results indicate that the tannoid, flavonoid and Nitric oxide scavenging compounds offer protection against free radical mediated oxidative hepatic stress in mice. V-41 COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF EDIBLE PARTS OF DIPLAZIUM ESCULENTUM (RETZ.) SW. AT DIFFERENT GROWING STAGE

Sristisri Upadhyaya*, Mitali Barua1, Arunima Konwar*, Lakhya Jyoti Gogoi2, Prativa Deka* *Dept. of Botany, Mangaldai College, Darrang, Assam-784125;1 IBT Hub, Mangaldai College, Darrang, Assam-784125;2 Dept. of Medical lab & Molecular Diagnostic Technology, Mangaldai College, Darrang, Assam-784125 [email protected]

Keywords: Antioxidant activity, nutritive value, amino acid.

Edible portion of Dipalzium esculentum at 4 different growing stages were collected from Mangaldai college campus, Darrang and analysed for phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity, amino acid content and nutritive value. Except anthraquinone, all the phytochemicals were present in all the samples. Highest antioxidant activity was recorded in sample1 (stage 1). Considerable amount of nutritive value was found in all the samples and sample 2 showed highest value (287.78 cal/100gm). Different amino acids i.e. cystein, glycin, phenylalanine, serine, valine and glutamic acid were recorded from the samples. The results revealed that both primary and secondary metabolite content of the plants varies with its growing stage.

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V-42 PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF SOME COMMON WEEDS FOR SECONDARY METABOLITES

Swati Celia Topno* and Manoj Ranjan Sinha *P.G. Department of Botany, Kolhan University, Chaibasa- 833201; Jamshedpur Co-operative College, Jamshedpur -831001 [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: weeds, medicinal plants, secondary metabolites, phytoconstituents

Present paper deals with the screening of some common weed plants for secondary metabolites. As secondary metabolites are responsible for the medicinal properties of plants, hence, present study phytochemical screening on leaves of five medicinal plants was carried out. The present study confirms the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, phenol & tannins, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, phlobatanins, alkaloids and terpenoids. The result suggests that due to the presence of phytoconsituents for curing various ailments these weeds could be extensively utilized. V-43 ETHANOLIC AND AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF ACHYRANTHES ASPERA L. AGAINST HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY

V. Balakrishnan1,* and T.Sundari2 1Department of Botany, Arignar Anna GovernmentArts College, Namakkal- 637002,2Department of Chemistry, K.S.R. College of Engineering, Tiruchengode- 63 215, TN [email protected]

Keywords: Achyranthes aspera, ferrous sulphate, hepatoprotective.

The present aim of the study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of both aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of Achyranthus aspera (Family: Amaranthaceae) through oral doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg respectively. The leaves using a drug silymarin were

177 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations administered in albino wistar rat. Acute oral toxicity and hepatoprotective effect was observed for 24 hours with respect to survival of the animals. Activities of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract at 200 mg/kg dose were found comparable to that of silymarin 100 mg/kg with significant (pÂ 0.01) reduction in ALT, AST, ALP and TB and decrease in TP level but body weight proved significant for hepatoprotective activity. V-44 COMPARATIVE NUTRITIVE CONTENTS IN THE SPECIES OF CLEOME IN THAR DESERT

Vinod Kumari Department of Botany, Government Dungar College, Bikaner (Rajasthan), India. [email protected]

Keywords: Desert, Arid, Nutritive Value, Secondary Metabolites

Genus Cleome in Thar Desert is represented b four ephemeral species viz. – C. gracilis, C. gynandra, C. vahliana and C. viscosa. The present study deals with estimation of Nutritive contents, Secondary metabolites and Ascorbic Acid in different plant parts. Crude protein content was found to be highest in leaves of C. gynandra; Crude fat in the leaves of C. gynandra and total Carbohydrate from the leaves of C. viscosa. A good amount of Ascorbic acid was observed in all the plant parts. Alkaloids are present in leaves and stem of C.vahliana. Low concentration of Saponin and Tannin were observed in stem of C. viscosa.

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V-45 IN VITRO CULTURE OF VIGNA MUNGO (L.) UNDER CHROMIUM TOXICITY

Zeenat Parveen and Nalini Pandey Plant Nutrition and Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow -226007 [email protected]

Keywords: Chromium toxicity, black gram seedling, in vitro, antioxidative enzymes

The effect of chromium on seedlings of black gram (Vigna mungo L. var S-9) grown in vitro in MS medium was treated with chromium i.e. 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 μM Cr and control (nil Cr) was studied. Chromium toxicity decreased seedling length, germination percentage, tolerance index and increased phytotoxicity percentage. Chrorophyll and carotene concentration was decreased in shoot. The root growth was decreased and leaf size was very small as compared to control seedlings. The lipid peroxidation, H2O2 and proline content was increased. The activity of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD, APX, GR), ASc and NPT was modulated with increasing chromium concentration.

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SUB-SECTION - VI

Ecology and Environmental Botany

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VI-01 EFFECT OF PARTICULATE POLLUTANT ON CEREAL CROP

D.D. Pandey Department of Botany, Nalanda College, Biharsharif, Nalanda, Bihar [email protected]

Keywords: Fly ash, Wheat grain, Hazaribagh.

The study was confined to the Pataratu Thermal Power Station, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand (23038’11" North latitude and 85018' East longitude). It is approximately 373.5 meter above the mean sea level at distance of about 40 km north of Ranchi, Jharkhand to assess the effect of fly ash pollution on characteristics of grains of wheat that is number of grains per spike, weight and volume of 1,000 grains, moisture, protein, total ash, fat, crude fibre and calorine value. All characteristics of polluted grains of wheat showed lower values as compared to control wheat grains. VI-02 GROWING PLANTS ON WASTE PAPER

Debashree Kakati Govt. H S School, Mangaldai, Assam. [email protected]

Keywords: Sustainable, waste paper management, plantation

People living in cities have no abundant soil for plantation and gardening in concrete flats. They have to buy soil in high cost. Also paper has been extensively used in various activities in our day to day life. As a result a huge amount of waste paper material gets generated. These waste papers are usually disposed either by burning or by simply disposing to garbage. Therefore, present study deals with preparing a suitable medium for plantation using waste paper along with proportionate amount of soil nutrients and household wastage resulting into a sustainable solution.

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VI-03A STUDY ON CURRENT POPULATION STATUS AND CONSERVATION OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF PAPHIOPEDILUM ORCHIDS IN FEW STATES OF NORTHEAST INDIA

Debonina Dutta*, Aparajita De*, A. A. Mao*** *Department of Ecology and Environmental science, Assam University, Silchar, **Department of Ecology and Environmental science, Assam University, Silchar, ***Botanical survey of India, Headquarter, 700064, W.B [email protected]

Keywords: Paphiopedilum, lady slipper orchids, endemic, threatened, Northeast India, conservation.

Paphiopedilum’s are known as slipper orchids, mainly distributed in Northeastern India. Due to the deteriorating survival conditions they are becoming increasingly rare. Aim of this study was to conserve the Paphiopedilum’s in their endemic region. Climatic parameters and habitat distribution models were studied to identify the probable causes of population decline of Paphiopedilum spicerianum at Cachar district of southern Assam. Following 18 months of search, it was sighted and population details were recorded. In vitro seed germination was done for micropropagation of the different species of Paphiopedilum. Paphiopedilum villosum showed highest germination percentage followed by the rest.

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VI-04 ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF DIFFERENT FOREST TYPES OF GAULA CATCHMENT IN DISTRICT NAINITAL, UTTARAKHAND

Deep Chandra Tiwari*, Basant Singh, I.D. Bhatt G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development,Kosi-Katarmal, Almora [email protected]

Keywords: Ecophysiological responses, Climate change, Forest, Uttarakhand

Climate change influence the physiology of forest plant species. Data on Himalayan forest are limited, based on this context the present study was focused to determine Ecophysiological responses of different forest types in Uttarakhand. In the study, dominant tree species showed higher net photosynthetic rate as compared previous season. However, invasive species, reported maximum net photosynthetic rate in both season and which indicated best adaptability to the diverse climatic conditions. Likewise, leaf water potential was found inversely proportional to net photosynthetic rate. The outcomes of the study indicated that temperate forest species is good adaptability as compare to tropical.

185 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

VI-05 IMPACT OF HIGHWAY DEVELOPMENT ON TREE CUTTING AND BIODIVERSITY OF KHAMGAON AREA IN MAHARASHTRA

G. B Kale1, S. N Ghait 2, A.M Wankhade3, Rizwan Khan4 1Head, Department of Zoology, G.S. Science, Arts and Commerce College, Khamgaon, (MS), 2Ad-hoc teacher, Department of Zoology, G.S. Science, Arts and Commerce College, Khamgaon, (MS), 3 & 4Research students, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, G.S. Science, Arts and Commerce College, Khamgaon, (MS), [email protected]

Keywords: Highways, road, sustainability, biodiversity, tree cutting.

The infrastructure developments such as roads and highways play a synergistic role in the socio-economic development of a country. The present study was carried out on National highway no.6 and state highways in different directions of Khamgaon with 25 Km distance on each road. It attempts to understand the impact of these highway developments on biodiversity of Khamgaon in Maharashtra. It reveals total 5194 trees on national and state highway sides. Out of these, 4670 trees were cut during last few years and remaining 524 trees on Pimpalgaon Raja road may be cut in future for road development and expansion. VI-06 PERFORMANCE OF HEVEA GERMPLASM IN A DROUGHT STRESS REGION OF CENTRAL EASTERN INDIA

G. Prabhakara Rao, Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam 686009, Kerala, India. [email protected]/ [email protected]

Keywords: Correlations, Crop improvement, Hevea brasiliensis, Wild germplasm

Natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), with its center of origin in the Amazon rain forests of Brazil, is a strategic industrial crop cultivated mainly in the southeast Asian countries. To broaden the narrow genetic base a huge collection of wild germplasm was made from

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three states in Brazil viz., Acre, Rondonia and Mato Grosso and distributed to member countries including India. In the present study, a set of thirty potential accessions and six popularly cultivated clones viz., RRII 105, RRII 118, RRII 208, PB 260, GT 1 and GL 1 were evaluated for Performance of these genotypes in terms of girth, girth increment, crotch height, bole volume, NLVR and yield.

VI-07 IN VITRO PROPAGATION AND GENETIC ASSESSMENT OF BULBOPHYLLUM ODORATISSIMUM -AN ENDANGERED MEDICINAL ORCHID

Gargi Prasad1,3*, Ashiho A Mao2, Deepu Vijayan1 and A. Lokho3 1 Botanical Survey of India, Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong, Meghalaya; 2Botanical Survey of India, Headquarter, Kolkata-700064, W.B.; 3 Department of Botany, Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan-731235 [email protected]

Keywords: In vitro, ISSR markers, Monomorphic, MS medium, 6-Benzyladenine

The main objective of the present study was to optimize and develop an efficient protocol for in vitro propagation of a medicinally important orchid Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (Sm.) Lindl. along with genetic stability analysis of regenerated plants. Young nodal segments used as explants for multiple shoot induction study and maximum number of shoots were obtained in MS medium supplemented with higher concentration of BA (6-Benzyladenine). The rooted plants were successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse with higher percentage of survival rate. Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers were used to confirm the genetic uniformity among the regenerates.

187 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

VI-08 ROLE OF URBAN AGRICULTURE IN ENHANCING FOOD SECURITY AND SUSTAINABILITY

Isha Bhat1* and Naveen Goel2 1*Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi; 2 Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi; [email protected]

Keywords: Urban agriculture, Food Security, Urban sustainability

Urban agriculture is making an increasing contribution to food security in large cities around the world. It is predicted that innovative urban agriculture can potentially contribute to global food security by supporting local food supply, strengthening the food value chain, and applying more sustainable practices than conventional agriculture. Several analyses have also indicated that urban agriculture can help solve food security for growing populations and provide chemical free food with no risk of pests and diseases. This review mainly focuses on the possibility of overcoming the current challenges for urban agriculture to meet the nutritional requirements of growing populations and urban sustainability. VI-09 PHENOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF TROPICAL DRY DECIDUOUS MIXED FOREST OF NATORADEHI WILD LIFE SANCTUARY, SAGAR (M.P.) I-LEAFING

Kaushlesh Pathak Dept. of Botany, Gov. PG College, Tikamgarh-472001 MP [email protected]

Keywords: Phenological, Environmental, forests, leaf

The phenological events are dependent on geographical region on environmental factors. In tropical dry deciduous forests of the Naoradehi sanctuary, leaves develop during summer and rainy seasons. Most of the species (80%) in the study area completes their leaf

188 Section XIV : Plant Sciences emergence from May to June viz. Acacia catechu, Anogeissus pendula, Cassia fistula, Diospyros melanoxylon, Lagerstromia parviflora, Pterocarpus marsupium and Terminalia tomentosa, etc. The phenological changes of plant in relation to various phases of their life cycle and seasons are governed by a number of composite factors. VI-10 ROLE OF PLANTS IN THE RURAL DEVELOPMANET

L. C. Kulkarni KLE’S, P.C. Jabin Science College, Hubballi. (Autonomous), Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnaraka.

Keywords: Rural area, tree plantation, environmental factors, strategies, policies and programs.

Rural area is sparsely populated at outside the limits of a city or town, characterized by farms, vegetation and open spaces. The plantation is mainly depends on local ecology, patterns of agricultural land-use, cultural traditions, local demands. The environmental degradation and the depletion of trees cover is due to the lack of comprehensive traditional environment systems. Trees, dotted the rural landscape, around houses, along field boundaries and roadsides. Rural development is a multi-dimensional phenomenon. The strategies are based on various approaches, policies and programs implementation and its outcomes. The development cannot be sustainable and long lasting unless people are made a part and parcel of the development process.

189 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

VI-11 EFFECTIVENESS OF NOVEL INSECTICIDES AGAINST PINK MEALYBUG MACONELLICOCCUS HIRSUTUS GREEN ON MULBERRY

M P Yeshika1, K G Banuprakash and K Muruli Mohan* Department of Sericulture, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore – 560065, Karnataka, Department of Agricultural Entomology, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore – 560065, Karnataka, [email protected]

Keywords: Novel insecticides, Maconellicoccus hirsutus, mulberry phytotoxicity

Five novel insecticides along with dichlorvos as standard check were evaluated against pink mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) under field conditions. The treatment dinotefuron 20 SG @ 0.25 g/l recorded the highest mealybug mortality at both 7 DAS (78.78 %) and 15 DAS (99.44 %) owing to its unique mode of action. Phytotoxicity symptoms assessed on mulberry revealed that all the insecticides except flonicamid 50 WG (0.15 and 0.3 g/l) had no phytotoxic effect on mulberry plants. Among the insecticides tested, dinotefuran 20 SG @ 0.12 g/l and azadirachtin 1 % @ 1 ml/l recorded maximum coccinellid beetle population per plant.

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VI-12 BIOCOMPOSTING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INTO BIOMANURE AND ITS EFFECT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF BLACK GRAM (VIGNA MUNGO L.)

M.Silpa and A. Vijayalakshmi Dept. of Botany, Avinashilingam Institute for home science and higher education for women coimbatore, Tamilnadu [email protected]

Keywords: CSW-(Cocia Shell waste), JFPW-( Jack fruit wastes), Cowpea, DAS- (Days after sowing)T-Treatment, Eudrilus eugeniae

The present study focuses on two agroindustrial wastes (CSW and JFPW) converted into a biocompost. The efficiency of the biocompost is tested on the test crop cowpea. Different

treatments were used C- control, T1-(CSW+ Eudrilus eugeniae), T4-(CSW+ Pleurotus eous+ Pleurotus florida+ Eudrilus eugeniae). JFPW was used in the same procedure in T5, T 6, T7 and T8 treatments. The present findings show T8 (JFPW+ Pleurotus florida + Eudrilus eugeniae) treatments of biocompost significantly increased the biometrical and yield parameters of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Hence utilization of the biocompost as organic fertilizer can save the cost of the chemical fertilizer along with minimising pollution in an eco-friendly manner.

191 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

VI-13 STUDY OF FLY ASH WITH NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON PERFORMANCE OF RADISH (RAPHANUS SATIVUS L.)

Moh Sajid Ansari* and Abrar Ahmad Khan Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology Lab, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, U.P., India [email protected]

Keywords: Fly ash, growth, nitrogen fertilizer, radish

The present study is an attempt to evaluate the effect of different levels of fly ash (10% - 50%) combined with nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and yield in radish. The plant growth, yield and chlorophyll content markers were significantly increased as compared to control in fly ash amended soil. The plant growth, yield and chlorophyll content of radish were significantly (Pd”0.05) enhanced after the addition of 0.5g and 1.0g nitrogen fertilizer combined with fly ash. Maximum enhancement was observed at 1.0g nitrogen fertilizer with 30% level of fly ash amended soil. The higher levels of fly ash were found to be harmful for plant growth, yield and chlorophyll content. VI- 14 BIOCOMPOSTING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INTO BIOMANURE AND ITS EFFECT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF BLACK GRAM (VIGNA MUNGO L.)

Pinky Raihing and A. Vijayalakshmi Dept. of Botany, Avinashilingam Institute for home science and higher education for women coimbatore, Tamilnadu [email protected]

Keyword: Vermicomposting, V.W-Vegetable waste, F. W- Fruit waste. Vigana mungo, Pleurotus eous. Trichoderma asperelloides

Vermicomposting is a technique which give immense enhancement in the growth and yield of the crops and medicinal plants. It is cost effective and eco-friendly process. The present

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study attempts to to analyse vegetative growth and yield parameters of Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) in vermicompost. The experimental treatment consisted of 8 treatments. A

maximum increase in growth and yield parameters was observed in T8 followed by other

treatments and control. Hence, it concluded that the treatment T8 (Fruit waste + Pleurotus eous + Trichoderma asperelloides + Eudrilis eugeniae) is an effective biocompost for the growth and yield of the plant. VI-15 EDAPHIC PARAMETERS RELATED TO THE OCCURRENCE OF THE EFFICIENT PHOSPHATE SOLUBILISING BACTERIA (PSB) IN THE RHIZOSPHERE SOIL OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA L. GROWING IN THE COASTAL REGIONS OF WEST BENGAL, INDIA

P.Giri1*, H.Saha2, J. Basu3, K. Biswas4 and P. Bhowmik5 1&2Dept. of Botany, Dum Dum Motijheel College, Kolkata -700074, 3 Dept. of Microbiology, Dum Dum Motijheel College, Kolkata-700074, 4 Dept. of Physics, Dum Dum Motijheel College, Kolkata-700074, 5 Dept. of Microbiology, Techno India University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India [email protected]

Keywords: Rhizosphere, Phosphate solubilising bacteria, Available phosphorus, Total bacterial count.

In search of efficient phosphate solubilising isolates in the salt enriched rhizosphere soil, the plant has been selected as a suitable host due to its distribution and rhizoecological niche. The present investigation deals with one most efficient phosphate solubilising isolate of Bacillus sp. (Strain Bac 196; Gene Bank Accession No. KX641579.1) from the rhizosphere soil of the plant Azadirachta indica growing in 14 different coastal sites of west Bengal. Though correlation between the electrical conductivity available phosphorus and pH is insignificant but the same is significant in respect of total bacterial count, total nitrogen, organic matter, and availability of magnesium, calcium, potassium and sand.

193 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

VI-16 ORGANIC FARMING OF CHILLI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) IN RAJASTHAN

Preeti Mishra* and Kavita Chaudhary Plant Pathology, tissue culture and biotechnology laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004 [email protected]

Keywords: Conventional, organic, chilli, Rajasthan

Conventional chemical methods of farming show adverse health effects like blurred vision, skin redness, cancer, nausea, headache, dizziness, vomiting. The growing importance of organic farming has created an urgent need to compare the environmental effects of organic and conventional farming methods. In Rajasthan, Chilli is cultivated in an area of 12.21 thousand hectares with an annual production of 17.71 million tons. In the present study fruits grown in organic conditions and conventionally available were compared for various nutritional phytochemicals. It contains capsaicin, carotenoids, flavonoids, tocopherols (vitamin E), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), â-Carotene, etc. VI-17 PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON TREE VEGETATION OF NORTH SAGAR FOREST DIVISION, SAGAR, MADHYA PRADESH

Ramendra K. Tiwari* & Y.P. Singh** *Office of the Working Plan, Department of Forest, Sagar (Madhya Pradesh);**Office of the Chief Conservator of Forests, Shivpuri Circle Deaprtment of Forest, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh [email protected]

Keywords: Phytosociological study, IVI, North Sagar Forest Division.

Loss of biodiversity is a threat to the natural ecosystem in any particular area locally and leads to ecological imbalance as a whole globally. In order to better manage forest

194 Section XIV : Plant Sciences ecosystems, it is important to study the diversity of plants in these ecosystems. The present paper deals with the population structure and tree species diversity of North Sagar Forest Division. A total of 54 established tree species were recorded in this forest. The IVI values have helped to understand the ecological significance of the tree species in community structure. Highest IVI was reported for the species Tectona grandis (76.97). VI-18 STUDIES ON DEVELOPMENT OF SOME ENTREPRENEURIAL SMALL SCALE MATERIALS FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Rajesh Kumar* and Anupam Dikshit Rural Innovation Centre, Centre of Science & Society, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002. [email protected]

Keywords: Rural development, rural areas, poverty, reutilization, sustainability.

The Rural development generally refers to the process of improving the quality of life and economic well-being of people living in relatively isolated and sparsely populated areas i.e. rural areas. In this paper, we have tried to extract some plant based secondary metabolites followed by development cost effective and eco-friendly formulations after analysis of all data. This entrepreneurial work of sustainability can be used to present recyclability or reutilization dimension of different materials and it will help for all other aspect like role of governance, management, education & civil society because these aspects are base of sustainability.

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VI-19 GREEN PRESCRIPTION FOR A SICK BUILDING

Rajeshwari Mishra Department of Botany, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow-226007. [email protected]

Keywords: Sick Building Syndrome, Indoor Plants.

Sick building syndrome” (SBS) describes common pattern of symptoms found among workers in modern office buildings and these symptoms are “excessively” reported and primarily “work-related. It includes lethargy, mucous membrane irritation, headache, eye irritation, and dry skin. There are certain chemicals and pollutants such as formaldehyde, benzene, carbon di-oxide etc. responsible for causing these symptoms. Symptoms are difficult to diagnose. In such cases a number of indoor plants which absorb the harmful chemicals and gases can be used indoors. In this review paper few of these plants and their properties have been discussed. VI-20EFFICACY OF ROOT TRAINER SIZE AND PROPER POTTING MIX FOR DALBERGIASISSOO (SHISHAM)

Ramesh Chandra Dubey1*, Ajey Karan Chaudhari1, Saroj Dubey, R.K. Dixit2 and P. Dubey3 1Department of Botany, Paliwal P G College, Shikohabad, Firozabad 2Forest Research Institute, U.P., 18, G.T. Road, Kanpur, 3Uttar Pradesh Forest Department, Lucknow [email protected]

Keywords: Potting mix – Root trainer – Growth performance – Dalbergia sissoo

Studies with six potting mixes and two root trainer sizes were conducted at Forest Research Institute, U.P., Kanpur to find out their effect on growth performance of Dalbergia sissoo seedlings. The size of root trainer 250 cc and potting mix (compost) remained best in seedling production.1

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VI-21PRODUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY BENIGN NANOPARTICLES FROM SHOREA TUMBUGGAIA ROXB. AN ENDEMIC ENDANGERED MEDICINAL TREE TAXON OF SESHACHALAM HILL RANGE OF EASTERN GHATS

S. Ankanna Department of Botany, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh- 517502 [email protected]

Keywords: Medicinal plants, Nanoparticles, Validation

Plant wealth has always been associated with wisdom and immorality and occupies the important place in the history of India. Medicinal plants have a long-standing relationship in many indigenous communities and continue to provide useful tools for treating various diseases. The local tribal peoples are solely depended on collection of the raw materials from Tirumala and Talakona regions of Andhra Pradesh. Hence the present study is aimed to synthesize Iran Zinc, Silver and Calcium nanoparticles with Shorea tumbuggaia by using clean, nontoxic, and environmentally acceptable nanotechnological approach because nanoparticles have more applications in many areas including biomedical, agriculture and material sciences. VI-22 RURAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH CULTIVATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN DEMAND

Shashiprabha and Asha Gupta* Ayurvedic College, Osmanabad and, Deptt of Life Sciences,Manipur University* [email protected]

Keywords: Cultivation, WHO, propagation, active ingredient, therapeutic use.

Cultivation of plants is the best way to provide plant material needed for medicinal use, trade and export. Cultivation develops standard of quality, safety and efficacy of plants used in traditionally prepared drugs and also pharmaceutical industries. It also

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reduces possibility of misidentification and adulteration. WHO has insisted to develop Good Agricultural Practices for growing medicinal plants to guarantee quality of raw drug and facilitate the standardization of quality of ISM drugs This paper elaborates details of cultivation practices, propagation methods, planting time, irrigation schedule, postharvest management, Latin name, habitat, active ingredients, therapeutic use, market rate, etc. VI-23 INSIGHTS INTO THE FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE INVASIVENESS OF HYPTIS SUAVEOLENS (L.) POIT.

Sonia Rathee and Daizy R. Batish Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014 [email protected]

Keywords: Hyptis suaveolens, allelochemicals, dimorphic seeds, invasiveness

Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. a tropical American annual aromatic invasive plant species of Lamiaceae. Although the plant possesses huge plethora of medicinal properties but, its fast spreading nature has negative impacts on the native vegetation. The allelochemicals and volatile compounds present in the plant inhibits the growth of neighbouring plant species. The reason for the enormous population expansion can be attributed to many small dimorphic seeds, self and cross pollination, perennating rootstock and unpalatable nature. Understanding of the factors responsible for providing invasiveness to the plant would help curb its spread so as to devise appropriate control and management measures.

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VI-24IMPROVEMENT HUMAN INCOME AND HEALTH THROUGH CULTIVATION OF EDIBLE MUSHROOM

Sudhansu Sekhar Rath Department of Biology, A.B Women’s College, Alkund, Jajpur, Odisha, 755007 [email protected]

Keyword: Mushroom, Nagada, mal nutrition, therapeutic value

Mushroom was first cultivated in India in 1940, however its systematic cultivation was attempted in 1943. Mushroom is a good nutritional food & meets the nutritional requirement. A number of mushroom species have medicinal & therapeutic value in the prevention/ treatment of cancer, viral disease, hyper cholesterolemia, blood platelet, Anti diabetics, Anti Bactria, Anti fungal, Anti viral, Imunomodulating, Kidney tonic, Nerve tonic, chronic bronchitis. Current project emphasized the increase the income and health condition through mushroom cultivation. VI-25 BIOMASS AND PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY OF PISUM SATIVUM L. OF TAL AREA OF NALANDA, BIHAR

Sudhir Kumar and D.D. Pandey* Department of Botany, Mahabodhi Mahavidyalaya, Nalanda, Bihar. *Department of Botany, Nalanda College, Biharshrif, Nalanda, Bihar. [email protected]

Keywords: Biomass, Primary Productivity, Pisum sativumL.

The present study deals with biomass and primary productivity of Pisum sativum L. varieties Rachna, Swarnrekha and Jayanti growing in tal area of Nalanda, Bihar. The total biomass of three varieties increased up to 105 days. The biomass and primary productivity of variety Rachna, were found to be comparatively higher than varietis Swarnrekha and Jayanti growing in Tal area of Nalanda, Bihar.

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VI-26 EFFECT OF POLLUTANTS FROM CEMENT FACTORY ON PIGEON PEA

Surya Mani Kumar Department of Botany, Ramesh Jha Mahila College, Saharsa, Bihar [email protected]

Keywords: Pigeon Pea, Banjari, Pollutants, Biomass

The study area was situated in the vicinity of cement factory area of Banjari, Rohtas, Bihar (24057' North latitude and 840 East longitude). Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) is grown by villagers in the vicinity of cement factory. The main pollutants from cement factory is cement dust. This study was carried to assess the effect of cement dust pollution on biomass and primary productivity of Pigeon Pea. The biomass and primary productivity were found to be higher at each sampling date of the control plant than polluted one. A maximum reduction of 23.01% of total biomass was recorded at the age of 210 days due to cement dust pollution.

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SUB-SECTION-VII Plant Biotechnology and Tissue Culture

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VII-01 BIOTECHNOLOGICAL STRATEGIESFOR CONSERVATION AND EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ENDANGERED ETHNOMEDICINALLY IMPORTANT PLANTS OF RAJASTHAN, INDIA.

Aparna Pareek and MK Sharma 1Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004 [email protected]

Keywords: Conservation, Phytoconstituents, Endangered, Ethnomedicinal plants

In medicinal plant research, botanical documentation plays a vital role since without correctly identified material and properly documented voucher specimens the results are at best suspect and at worst useless. Therefore, now a day’s screening of medicinal herbs as potential sources of new bioactive compounds of therapeutic value has increased. Based on the ethnopharmacological literature, several species of medicinalplants used in traditional medicine in district Jaipur, Rajasthan were collected and were subjected to in vitro cultures. Efforts are being made to isolate the active constituents of these potent medicinal plants viz. Celastrus paniculatus, Commiphora mukul, Oogenis oogenesis that are facing the danger of extinction and their biological activity will be tested in vivo.

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VII-02 SYN-SEED PRODUCTION THROUGH SHOOT-TIP ENCAPSULATION IN BLYTTIA SPIRALIS (FORSSK.) D.V. FIELD & J.R.I. WOOD FOR CONSERVATION, EXCHANGE AND DISTRIBUTION OF GERMPLASM

Ashok Kumar Patel*, Narpat S. Shekhawat Biotechnology Unit, Department of Botany, UGC–CAS, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur – 342005 (Rajasthan) [email protected]

Keywords: Blyttia spiralis, encapsulation technology, germplasm conservation

Blyttia spiralis (Apocynaceae) is a medicinal threatened perennial climber. Wide-spread habitat destruction adversely affected its natural populations. The abstract highlights an efficient method for syn-seed production. Shoot-tip excised from in vitro cultures was used for encapsulation. Sodium-alginate 3.0% and 100mM calcium-chloride was found - the optimum for encapsulation. Of the five media (M1-M5) evaluated, M4 (BAP–0.5 mgL 1, Kin–0.5 mgL-1 and NAA–0.1 mgL-1) was found the best in terms of shoot emergence -1 and shoot number, followed by M2 and M5. For rooting, ½MS+AC–100 mgL +NOA and IBA–0.25 mgL-1 each, was proven the best. Regenerants were acclimatized-hardened in greenhouse.

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VII-03 IN VITRO CONSERVATION AND MICROPROPAGATION OF HYLOCEREUS COSTARICENSIS (F.A.C. WEBER) BRITTON & ROSE

Biju Dharmapalan*, Neha Lukose and M Kamalapriya School of Biosciences, Mar Athanasios College for Advanced Studies Tiruvalla (MACFAST); [email protected]/ [email protected]

Keywords: Micropropagation, Pitahayas, Tissue culture, In vitro propagation

Hylocereus costaricensis, commonly known as Dragon fruit plant are perennial climbing cactus plants native to tropical areas of North, Central, and South America. Due to high betalin content the fruit is widely considered as a miracle fruit for many health issues. In India the plant can be cultivated in drought prone area and could be source of income for farmers in that region. The present investigation was carried out to develop an in vitro protocol for conservation and large scale production of plants. It was observed that multiple shoot formation was observed in MS media supplemented with 3mg/l BAP. VII-04 ESTABLISHMENT AND MULTIPLICATION OF SHOOT CULTURE IN ANNATTO –YIELDING TREE (BIXAORELLANA) USED AS SHOOT TIP NODAL EXPLANT FROM SEEDLING

Kheta Ram and N. S. Shekhawat Biotechnology Unit, Department of Botany (UGC-CAS), Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur342005 (Rajasthan); [email protected]

Keywords: Annatto, Bud breaking, Bixin, in vitro rooting

Bixa orellana L. (Bixaceae) is a woody species known as annatto, a natural seed surface

dyes, Bixin (C25H30O4). The annatto pigments are widely used in the food industry, condiments, pharmaceuticals, textiles. Axillary bud proliferation and multiple shoot induction from shoot tip nodal explants were done on MS medium with 2.0 mgl-1 of BAP. Shoots

205 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations were amplification and maintained. Rate of shoot multiplication achieved was 29.7±2.11 shoots per vessel. The micropropagated shoots were achieved in vitro as well as ex vitro rooting. Both the in vitro and ex vitrorooted plantlets were harden and acclimatized in green house. VII-05 CALLUS INDUCTION AND PLANT REGENERATION FROM LEAF SEGMENTS OF UNIQUE TROPICAL WOODY PLANT TILIA CORARACEMOSA

Noyonika Mukherjee, Subhankhi Pal, SouradipMukherjee, AnushkaNath, TanishaChakraborty, SwagatoBhattacharya, AnanyaDatta, AninditaBanerjee* Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata [email protected]

Keywords: Menispermaceae, Tiliacorine, DBBI, Hairy root, Alkaloid.

Tiliacoraracemosa (family Menispermaceae) yielded tiliacorine alkaloid from its roots for which induction of the production of hairy roots in Tiliacorasp was experimented using micropropagation techniques in which the shorter period of time required by Woody plant Media in 2 weeks led to its standardisation as the most suitable media for callus culture. The sole aim of the project is to obtain callus and in long term to induce hairy root formation artificially to compare alkaloid and flavonoid concentrations in artificially and naturally obtained roots to reduce the over-harvesting of the endangered species from its natural habitat.

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VII-06 OPTIMIZATION OF SALICYLIC ACID AND CHITOSAN TREATMENT FOR BITTER SECOIRIDOID AND XANTHONE GLYCOSIDES PRODUCTION IN SHOOT CULTURES OF SWERTIA PANICULATAUSING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK

Prabhjot Kaur1, Devendra Kumar Pandey1, R.C. Gupta2, R.M. Banik3* 1School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144411;2Professor, Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, 3*Professor, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi-221005 [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: Swertia; Elicitors; Secoiridoids; Mangiferin; Artificial neural network

Response surface methodology and artificial neural network was used to construct the predicted models of linear, quadratic and interactive effects of two independent variables viz. salicylic acid (A) and chitosan (B) for the production of amarogentin (I), swertiamarin (II) and mangiferin (III) from shoot cultures of Swertia paniculata Wall. I, II and III are major therapeutic metabolites with immense demand in the pharmaceutical industries. The different concentrations of A and B elicitors substantially influenced the % yield of I, II and III compounds in the shoot culture. The optimal enhancement of I, II and III production was achieved in 14 days treatment elicited by A and B. Overall, optimization of elicitors to promote secoiridoid and xanthone glycoside production with ANN modeling has significant result as compared to RSM.

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SUB-SECTION VIII Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology

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VIII-01 EFFECTS OF MUTAGENS ON MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF PSORALEA CORYLIFOLIA-A MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT PLANTS

Ajey Karan Chaudhari1*, Ramesh Chandra Dubey1 and B R Chaudhary2 1Department of Botany, Paliwal P G College, Shikohabad, Firozabad 2Department of Botany, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi [email protected]

Keywords: Mutation, Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), Sodium azide (SA), Psoralea corylifolia.

Mutation breeding like in other plants can significantly strengthen medicinal plants breeding programs and help produce novel varieties with higher yield potential and improved yield quality. The dry and healthy seeds of Psoralea corylifolia IC 111228 were subjected to mutagenic treatments namely ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) and sodium azide (SA). The treatment concentrations 15mM, 30mM, 45mM and 60mM of EMS and 1mM, 2mM, 3mM and 4mM of SA were chosen to evaluate the mutagenic potential in either

case. The morphological traits were evaluated in M1 generation viz. plant height, days to flowering initiation, seed yield/plant and 100-seed weight. In EMS treatment 15 mM increases the plant height, and seed yield, while in SA treatment 4 mM increases the 100- seed yield.

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VIII-02 EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND CULTURE MEDIA ON IN VITRO GROWTH OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM BAREILLY, INDIA

Archana* and A.K. Jaitly Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Applied sciences, Rohilkhand University Bareilly –243006; [email protected]

Keywords: Fungi, temperature, pH, temperature, culture media

The influence of the culture media, pH and temperature on the growth of twelve frequently encountered fungi (dominant fungi) isolated from soil and water systems was examined. Three culture media (YpSs, Malt extract and Czpeck-dox), pH (4-9) and temperature (15°C-60°C) were taken in the study. The best growth was recorded at 30°C to 45°C and pH 5.0-7.0. Generally, most alkaline and most acidic conditions were not favorable for their growth. Similar effects were observed when the temperatures were away from optimum. Moreover, Malt extract was found the most suitable medium followed by Czpeck- dox for growth of tested fungi. VIII-03 CYTOTOXIC AND APOPTOTIC STUDIES OF BIOSYNTHESIZED ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES EXTRACTED FROM THE CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA

Arshika Srivastava1, Sankranthi Sumhitha, Sweta Kumari, and S. Rajashekara*, 2, Centre for Applied Genetics, Department of Studies in Zoology,Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi Campus,Bengaluru 560 056, India. [email protected]; [email protected]

Keywords: Apoptotic, Cytotoxic, Green chemistry, Zinc oxide nanoparticles.

Biosynthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) from the methanolic leaf extracts of Calotropis gigantea L. was investigated for its cytotoxic and apoptotic activity on the MDAMB-231 cell lines. Treatment of MDAMB-231 cells with 80μg/ml and 160μg/mL

212 Section XIV : Plant Sciences of ZnONPs shown DNA replication (S) phase arrest with 11.17% and 27.21% at concentrations 80μg/mL and 160μg/mL of ZnONPs respectively. 80 μg/ml and 160 μg/ml treatment of ZnONPs samples induces early and late apoptosis with 8.17%, 5.98% and 20.36%, 23.36% apoptotic cells respectively. Bio-ZnONPs can potentially alter the apoptotic protein expression and trigger apoptosis, and used to improve the cytotoxic properties in MDAMB-231 cells. VIII-04 GENETIC DISSECTION OF THE EPJ-TSW-A3-1 QTL USING CANDIDATE GENE APPROACH

Himanshi Gupta1, 2, Shikha Mathur2, Dr. Akshay Kumar Pradhan2* 1Zakir Husain Delhi College (Day), University of Delhi,2. Department of Genetics, South Campus, University of Delhi [email protected]

Keywords: QTL mapping, thousand seed- weight (Tsw), allele-specific markers

Seed size is a quantitative trait which is controlled by a number of genes via different pathways and environmental factors. Previously, QTL mapping for thousand seed weight (TSW) was conducted in the EPJ (EH-2 X PJ DH population) population which shows maximum parental contrast. The present study attempts to dissect EPJ-Tsw-A3-1 QTL located in J block of A03 linkage group, as one of the major QTL controlling seed size by Dhaka et. al. through candidate gene approach. A3 paralog of MAPK6 which has been reported to influence seed size in rice was cloned and mapped using CAPS marker system in the present study.

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VIII-05 EFFECT OF FOLIAR NUTRITION ON RESULTANT SEED QUALITY OF PROSO MILLET

K P Ragupathi Ph.D Scholar, Department of Seed Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641 00 [email protected]

Keywords: Famine food, Nutri-cereals, Foliar nutrition, Nutritional security, Proso millet

Proso millet is widely cultivated hardy, nutritious, minor millet known for its earliness (60- 90 days) and better yielding even under any stress conditions make them “Crop for poor or Famine food”. India tops world minor millets production and theseunderutilized ‘Nutri- cereals’ occupy 10 percent of country’s food grain basket. Field study with Good Agricultural Practices indicates the influence of various foliar nutritionviz., flower initiation and 50 % flowering stages in proso millet cv. CO (PV) 5. Resultant seeds of Urea + ZnSO4 combination treatment was found best, indicating the way ahead for attaining rural food and nutritional security. VIII-06 GENE EDITING OF PLANTS SUSCEPTIBLE (S) GENES USING CRISPR /CAS 9 FOR PATHOGEN RESISTANT CROPS

Naveen Goel1* and Isha Bhat2 Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Department Of Biosciences, Jamia Milia Islamia [email protected]

Keywords: plant-pathogen interaction, (S) gene, CRISPR/Cas9 system.

In order to feed large world in increasing population and changing climatic conditions, we need to have pathogen resistant crops. This can be achieved by either conventional method i.e. breeding or through the genome editing tools. Phytopathogens facilitate their proliferation

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by exploiting plants’ susceptibility (S) genes. (S) Genes are required for successful pathogen infection, and thus are considered essential for compatible plant–pathogen interactions, so need of the hour is to make the (S) gene mutated using molecular biology techniques like CRISPR/Cas9 which on expression gives resistant crop in lesser time on a cheaper scale as compared to conventional methods. VIII-07 SCREENING OF ELITE POPULATION OF SWERTIA PANICULATA FROM WESTERN HIMALAYAS ON THE BASIS OF ISSR MARKERS, BITTER SECOIRIDOID AND CHLOROGENIC ACID

Prabhjot Kaura , R.M. Banik, R.C. Gupta and Devendra Kumar Pandeya* a School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara- 144411, Punjab [email protected]

Keywords: Swertia paniculata, secoiridoid, ISSR, HPTLC

Present study aims to assess the intra-specific genetic diversity and quantitative estimation of bitter secoiridoids and chlorogenic acid (potent anti-oxidant compound) among 36 S. paniculata landraces from Indian Western Himalayas which are adulterants of Swertia chirata. Out of total 23 ISSR markers, 16 markers produced 97.7% polymorphic bands and overall high level of genetic diversity was observed among S. paniculata accessions. HPTLC method was used for the qualitative and quantitative estimation of amarogentin, swertiamarin and chlorogenic acid. Both molecular and phytochemical markers visibly categorize different plant landraces and thus are significant tools for the assessment of inter-specific diversity.

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VIII-08 MOLECULAR DOCKING SIMULATION BASED EXPLORATION OF ARNEBIA BENTHAMII: A HIGHLY VALUED PLANT FROM IHR, AGAINST LUNG CANCER

Priyanka Maitia, MaheshaNandb aCEA&CC,G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora,Uttarakhand, bENVIS Centre on Himalayan Ecology, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora,Uttarakhand [email protected]

Keywords: Natural Inhibitors; Molecular docking; Molecular Dynamics Simulation

The present work is to identify the selective inhibitors against EGFR T790M from an ethnomedicinally important plant – Arnebia benthamii. A library of 270 phytochemicals was subjected to virtual screening using rigid and flexible docking followed by molecular dynamics simulation, which resulted in 12 potential phytochemicals with higher free energy of binding. And acetyl alkanin exhibited interaction with Met 793 which are identical to the established reference inhibitor PD168393. The results revealed higher efficiency of the phytochemicals compared to PD168393. The two possible kinase inhibitors identified by present work need to be evaluated in biological systems which could facilitate the development process of therapeutics against EGFR-T790M selective lung cancer.

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VIII-09 ADVANCED BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN IN VIVO AND IN VITRO PARTS OF COCCULUS HIRSUTUS

Rishikesh Meena* and Mukesh Kumar Meena Plant Pathology, tissue culture and biotechnology laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-30200 [email protected]

Keywords: Cocculus hirsutus, gallic acid, GC-MS, bioactive compounds.

Plants are a rich source of secondary metabolites with interesting biological activities. In general, these secondary metabolites are an important source with a variety of structural arrangements and properties. Distinguished examples of these compounds include flavonoids, phenols and phenolic glycosides, saponins and cyanogenic glycosides etc. GC-MS analysis, Isolation, identification and quantification of â-sitosterol and gallic acid from in vivo and in vitro samples of Cocculus hirsutus. GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract of leaves showed the presence of carbohydrates, steroids, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. The presence of various bioactive compounds confirms the application of Cocculus hirsutus for various ailments by traditional practitioners.

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VIII-10 MUTAGENIC EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OF RADIATION AND MUTAGEN INDUCED CHLOROPHYLL MUTANTS IN AJARA GHANSAL RICE CULTIVAR FROM KOLHAPUR (MH).

S. P. Desai1, A.G Jadhav1, V. J. Dhole2 and N. B. Gaikwad1* 1Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004; 2Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhaba Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085 [email protected]

Keywords: Ajara Ghansal, non-basmati aromatic rice, mutagenic efficiency,

The seeds of Ajara Ghansal, a non- basmati aromatic rice cultivar, endemic to Ajara tehsil of Kolhapur district were treated with three doses of Gamma rays and three concentrations of chemical (EMS and SA) mutagens. The frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations, mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency, total mutation rates were estimated at different levels to study the nature and effect of mutagens in M2 generation. The maximum mutagenic effectiveness and mutation rate was found in SA and minimum in Gamma rays while EMS has highest mutation rate on mutagenic efficiency. From this study it was observed that SA is a most effective and EMS is highly efficient mutagen for induction of desired changes in Ajara Ghansal cultivar.

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VIII-11 CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF Melastoma malabathricum L. WATER EXTRACT ON Allium cepa L.

Surochita Basu Department of Botany, Tripura University, Tripura 799022, [email protected],

Keywords: Melastoma, Allium cepa test, mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations, dose dependent, toxicity, Aluminum

Melastoma malabathricum L accumulates the metal Aluminum and is used in indigenous systems of medicine, due to its antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Notwithstanding the therapeutic value, safety and efficacy of the herbal preparations calls for toxicity assessment. Allium cepa test has been used to study the changes in mitotic activity and appearance of chromosomal aberrations. The results indicate dose dependent changes in root meristem cells upon exposure to varying concentration of plant extracts at different durations. A rhythmic progression in mitotic activity at specific durations was also noted. The findings imply use of the folk medicine in narrow dose for effective therapeutic applications. VIII-12 EFFECTS OF MALE STERILITY INDUCING CYTOPLASM ON GRAIN YIELD AND COMPONENT TRAITS IN PIGEON PEA (CAJANUS CAJAN L. MILL SP.)

T. Onkarappa, Hanumaraddy and H. H. Sowmya, GKVK, UAS, Bengaluru [email protected]

Keywords: BRG5, hybrid, isonuclear alloplasmic hybrid, cytoplasm

The effect of cytoplasm on hybrid mean performance for grain yield and its component traits was investigated by evaluating 30 hybrids (15 A×R and 15 B×R hybrids) and 11 parents along with standard check variety BRG5. These isonuclear alloplasmic hybrids

219 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

-1 -1 were observed for quantitative traits viz., pods plant , seeds pod , 100 seed weight and grain yield plant-1. Significant variation was observed within the A×R and B×R group of hybrids for all the traits. But, differences between group were not significant for any trait indicating poor influence of male sterility inducing cytoplasm. However, significant differences observed in few A×R and B×R hybrids for mean performance might be attributed to cytoplasm × nuclear interactions. VIII-13 COMBINING ABILITY EFFECTS ON YIELD AND ATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN BLACKGRAM [VIGNA MUNGO(L.) HEPPER]

T. Onkarappa, Hanumaraddy and H. H. Sowmya GKVK, UAS, Bengaluru [email protected]

Keywords: inheritance, gca effects, powdery mildew disease, genotypes.

The general combining ability of parents and specific combining ability of hybrids was assessed for reaction to powdery mildew disease and productivity per se traits. A total of 49 genotypes, twelve parents, thirty two hybrids and five checks were evaluated in late kharif and rabi seasons. Significant mean sum of squares due to line × tester interaction indicated the significant differences among the lines and testers. Variances due to gca effects was more than that due to sca effects suggesting the involvement of additive gene action in the inheritance of seed yield plant-1 and per cent disease index. The line TU 94– 2 and the tester LBG17 identified as good general combiners for pods plant-1 and seed yield plant-1, pods plant-1, clusters plant-1, powdery mildew disease resistance respectively. The cross TU 94 – 2 × TAU 1 identified as good specific combiner for most of the productivity per se traits.

220 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

VIII-14 IN-VITRO AND IN-SILICO EVALUATION OF EMBLICA OFFICINALIS (AMLA) FRUIT EXTRACT AND ITS GREEN- SYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES (AGNPS) AS NOVEL ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTICANCER AGENTS

Tamojit Santra, Pratik Das, Shreya Biswas, Samrat Paul, Piyali Basak* Biomaterials, Cell culture and Microbiology Lab, School of Bioscience and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata. [email protected]

Keywords: Emblica officinalis, silver nanoparticles, antimicrobial, anticancer.

This examination was directed towards researching the in-vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activities of biologically orchestrated silver nanoparticles from the aqueous fruit concentrate of Emblica officinalis, and correlating with the original extract. The nanoparticles were characterized through spectroscopy, FTIR, DLS-zeta and SEM. E. coli and S. aureus were used for evaluating in-vitro antimicrobial activity. The in-vitro antioxidant activity was determined through DPPH assay. In-vitro cytotoxicity assay was performed against MCF-7 cell line and human PBMCs through MTT assay. Our virtual molecular docking study suggests several bioactive compounds from E. officinalis have greater binding affinity toward estrogen alpha receptor (1ERE) than tamoxifen.

221 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

VIII-15 EVALUATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PROMISING HYBRID COMBINATION FOR COMMERCIAL sCULTIVATION UNDER RAINFED SITUATION OF KARNATAKA

Keywords: Evaluation of hybrids, high seed yield, Heterosis and Promising cross combination

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2018 at AICRP Castor, UAS, Bangalore, which included 14 castor hybrids with 2 checks replicated thrice in RCBD. Among the various genotypes evaluated significantly higher seed yield was recorded with ICH- 866(3713.98 kg ha-1) and it was statistically superior over others. However, GCH-8 (3159.84kg ha-1) and ICH-867 (3054.62 kg ha-1) were next in the order of merit. GCH- 8 recorded significantly higher 100 seed weight (35.04 g) and was remain on par with ICH-870 (33.26 g) and ICH-861(33.03 g). Number of capsules per primary spike and effective primary spike length were higher with ICH-818 and GCH-8 over rest of the genotypes under evaluation.

222 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

VIII-16 PREDICTION OF NUCLEOREDOXIN GENE IN CICER ARIETINUM USING IN SILICO TECHNIQUES

Akshat Deovra, Chhaya Dhingra, Harshita Negi, Harshita Saxena, Prerna Sabharwal, Ravpreet Kaur, Simran Gupta, Pallavi Somvanshi* Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, Plot No. 10, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070 *Corresponding author Email: [email protected]

Keywords: Nucleoredoxin, reactive oxygen species, Cicer arietinum, phylogeny

Cicer arietenum, the second-largest consumed legume in the world, face severe damage at the cellular level through persisting reactive oxygen species. Through these computational approaches, a remedial protein from the family of thioredoxins was nailed on the genome of C. arietinum. The nucleoredoxin from Arabidopsis thaliana became the basis to study the structural and functional aspects of the protein in chickpea. The functional domains were identified, and the physicochemical parameters were computed. Upon analysis it was observed that the subcellular localization narrowed to cytosol with the probability of 99%. In order to track down the evolutionary pathway for nucleoredoxin protein, a phylogenetic tree was also constructed.

223 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Abstracts of Poster Presentations

VIII-17 CONSERVED KARYOTYPIC ORTHOSELECTION IN ALOE VERA DIFFERING IN THEIR PLOIDY STATUS

Sarita Srivastava1, Surochita Basu2 1Department of Botany, Chaudhary Mahadeo Prasad College University of Allahabad, Prayagraj-211001-UP 2Department of Botany, Tripura University, Tripura-799022

Key words: Aloe, polyploidy, bimodal karyotype, karyotypic orthoselection.

Genus Aloe (x=7); family Asphodeloideae, is a speciose succulent plant lineage, with 500 species spread in tropics showing maximum diversity in habit and life forms. Despite widespread distribution and morphological variations; it possesses highest karyotypic orthoselection with distinct bimodal karyotype. The present study is an insight into karyomorphology of three accessions of Aloe vera at different ploidy level; with 2n=2X=14, 2n=3X=21 and 2n=4X=28 chromosomes in diploid, triploid and tetraploid accessions respectively. This study characterizes the chromosomal variations in haploid, diploid and tetraploid cytotypes of Aloe vera with respect to their ploidy level and also shows that highest degree of bimodal karyotype orthoselection is related to the advancement in the karyotype.

224 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

107TH INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESS

January 3-7, 2020 Bangalore

V LIST OF PAST SECTIONAL PRESIDENTS

225 226 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

PAST SECTIONAL PRESIDENTS

Year Name 1933 S L Ghose 1914 C C Calder 1934 R H Dastur 1915 CA Barber 1935 J M Mitter 1916 A Howard 1936 S R Bose 1917 Rai Bahadur K Ranga Achari 1937 M G Champion 1918 R S Hole 1938 B Sahni 1919 G F Keatinge 1939 Krishnadas Bagchee 1919 S R Kashyap 1940 Y Bharadwaja 1920 D Clouston 1941 Shri Ranjan 1920 W Burns 1942 J C Sen Gupta 1921 S Milligan 1943 K Biswas 1922 W Dudgeon 1944 T S Sabnis 1924 S P Agharkar 1945 G P Majumdar 1925 R S Inamdar 1946 B P Pal 1926 E Blatter 1947 A C Joshi 1927 M A Sampath Kumaran 1948 K A Chaudhury 1928 M O Parthasarathy Iyengar 1949 M S Randhawa 1929 K C Mehta 1950 P Maheshwari 1930 P Parija 1951 B B Mundkur 1931 T Ekambaram 1952 S Ramanujam 1932 Haraprasad Chaudhuri 1953 R K Saksena

227 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 List of Past Sectional Presidents

1954 B C Kundu 1977 K K Nanda 1955 J C Sen Gupta 1978 D D Pant 1956 M Sayeeduddin 1979 S B Saksena 1957 S N Das Gupta 1980 H Y Mohan Ram 1958 T S Sadasivan 1981 V R Dhyansagar 1959 R Misra 1982 T N Khoshoo 1960 S K Pande 1983 M S Chennaveeraiah 1961 P N Mehra 1984 Deepesh N De 1962 J Venkateswarlu 1985 Syama Pada Sen 1963 S M Sircar 1986 L P Mall 1964-1965 Father H Santapau 1987 K S Bilgrami 1966 T S Mahabale 1988 S S Bir 1967 R N Tandon 1989 R P Purukayastha 1969 P N Nandi 1990 Y D Tiagi 1970 H K Baruah 1991 G P Agarwal 1971 B M Johri 1992 R M Pai 1971 V Puri 1993 R S Dwivedi 1972 R P Roy 1994 Dalbir Singh 1973 A K Sharma 1995 C P Malik 1974 R N Singh 1996 S C Pandeya 1975 C V Subramanian 1997 R S Mehrotra 1976 K S Thind 1998 A K Koul

228 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

1999 S K Hasija 2010 Pramod Tandon 2000 Uma Kant 2011 T N Lakhanpal 2001 G N Bhattacharya 2012 P C Trivedi 2002 C Manoharachary 2013 U.C.Lavania 2003 P S Bisen 2014 S.P.Khullar 2004 C M Govil 2015 A.K.Pandey 2005 R C Rajak 2016 D.K.Maheshwari 2006 S P Vij 2017 V.P.Singh 2007 S M Reddy 2018 Akhilesh K Pandey 2008 S V S Chauhan 2019 Seshu Lavania 2009 S M Paul Khurana

229 230 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

107TH INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESS

January 3-7, 2020 Bangalore

VI AUTHORS INDEX

231 232 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

AUTHORS INDEX

Name Allam Vijaya Bhasker Reddy A. A. Mao Almas A. Arunprasath Anand Kumar Chaudhari A.B. Das Anand Pandey A.C.Shukla Andleeb Zehra A.G. Jadhav Anil Prakash A.K. Jaitly Anish Chakraborty A.Kavitha Anshu Wali A.Lokho Anuja Bothra A.M. Deshmukh Anupam Dikshit A.M. Wankhade Anupam Sinha A.Roja Rani Aparajita De A.Vijayalakshmi Aparna Pareek Abhaya Kumar Sahu Archan Kanti Das Abhiroop Dan Archana Abrar Ahmad Khan Arkapriya Bhattacharyya Ajey Karan Chaudhari Arshika Srivastava Akanksha Priya Arunava Goswami Akshay Kumar Pradhan Arunima Konwar Akshat Deovra Arup Kumar Mitra Aleya Siddiquee Asha B.Kadam Alka Pandey Asha Gupta

233 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Authors Index

Ashok Kumar Chinmay Pradhan Ashok Kumar Patel Chinta Sudhakar Ashwani Sharma D. Sai kumari Ashwini Thatikonda D.D. Pandey Awadhesh Kumar D.K.Upreti Ayushee Rath D.V.Surya Prakash B R Chaudhary Daizy R. Batish B. A Karle Dara Singh Gupta B. Lalitha Kumari Debabrata Saha B. P. Mishra Debajyoti Das B. Pooja Debashis Banerji B. Ramesh Debashree Kakati B. S. Manoj Debjani Dutta Baljinder Kaur Debonna Dutta Basant Singh Deep Chandra Tiwari Basanta Kumar Das Deepu Vijayan Basudev Mandal Devendra Kumar Pandey Beda Saurav Behera Dhanesh Kumar Bhabatosh Mittra Dharmendra Singh Biju Dharmapalan Dhiraj Kumar Biswarupa Ghosh Dhiraj Vyas C. Manoharachary Dhruba Jyoti Maji C.B. Nirmala Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari Chhaya Dhingra Dinesh Kumar Yadav

234 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

Dyutika Banerjee J. Basu E. S. Reddy J.P.Yadav G. B.Kale Jacob Thomas G. P.Undirwade Jatin Kumar Pradhan G. Prabhakara Rao Jay Pandya G.B. Kulkarni Jaya Dwivedi Gargi Prasad Jitendra Nawange H. H.Sowmya Jyoti Kumar H.S.Yogeesh Naik K.Dharmar H.Saha K.Biswas H.V.Chaithra K.Muruli Mohan Harshita Negi K.R.Soumya Harshita Saxena K.Arulmeha Ponradha Hanumaraddy K.G. Banuprakash Harminder P. Singh K.H. Dhanyalakshmi Hima Vadera K.N.Nataraja Himanshi Gupta K.P.Ragupathi Hina Mohamed K.V.Madhusudhan Hridi Halder Kanchan Joshi Humera Shabnam Kaushlesh Pathak I.D. Bhatt Kavita Chaudhary Imtiyaz Hussain Zahid Kheta Ram Isha Bhat Koushiki Das Isha Verma Krishna Pyare

235 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Authors Index

Kumar Vimal Manjula Ranganatha L.Mutyala Naidu Manjula Rathod L.C.Kulkarni Manoj Ranjan Sinha Lakhya Jyoti Gogoi Manorma Kumari Lalit Singh Manu Khajuria Lovely Singh Masood Akhtar M. Kamalapriya Md. Sarfaraz Ahmad M. Anjali Meena Vangalapati M. Aruna Meenakshi Garg M.K. Sharma Meenu Devi M. Krishna Rao Meenu Verma M.P.Mrudul Lal Mitali Barua M. Savitha MK Sharma M. Silpa Moh Sajid Ansari M.P. Yeshika Mohammad Haris M.S. Manmohan Mohammed Yaseen Maanyata Tiwari Moni Gupta Madhumita Maitra Mukesh Kumar Meena Madhura Mondal N. B. Gaikwad Mahendra Nawange N. S. Shekhawat MaheshaNand N. Sathyanarayna Manaswi Rani N. Savithramma Manisha N.K. Dubey Manjeet Shingh Nabanita Chakraborty

236 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

Nadana Raja Vadivu Ganapathy P.S. Kaste Nagashree N Rao Padma Sharma Nalini Pandey Pallavi Somvanshi Namita Kumari Pingali Manasa Namita Yadav Pinky Raihing Narpat S. Shekhawat Piyali Basak Nataraja N. Karaba Pooja Chak Naveen Goel Pooja Sharma Navi Ranjan Prabhjot Kaur Navneet Kour Prakash R. Patel Nawal Kishore Dubey Pranab Giri Nayan Ghosh Prasanjit Mukherjee Nazish Prasoon Gupta Nazneen Sheikh Pratik Das Neeti Saxena Pratima Mathad Neha Keral Prativa Deka Neha Lukose Pratyusha Adak Neha Sharma Praveen K Agrawal Nurpen M Thangjam Preeti Mishra Onkar Nath Barhwalia Premchand B. Sirsat P. Bhowmik Prerna Sabharwal P. Dubey Priyanka Maiti P. Giridhar Priyanka Singh P.Chaya Punam Kumari

237 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Authors Index

R C Srivastava Richard A MacKenzie R. Mohan Kumar Ridhi Joshi R. R. Rao Risheek Rahul Khanna R. Santhoshkumar Rishikesh Meena R.B. Yadav Rizwan Khan R.C. Gupta Rohan Dan R.K. Dixit S. Ankanna R.M. Banik S. Monica Nissy R.S. Sajeevan S. N. Ghait R.Vijayalakshmi S. N. Pandey Rafiuddin Naser S. P. Desai Rajani Kumari S. R. Biradar Rajesh Arora S. R. Yadav Rajesh Kumar S. Rajashekara Rajeshwari Mishra S. Rajeswari Ramakant Pandey S.A. Nisha Ramendra K. Tiwari S.K .Barik Ramesh Chandra Dubey S.K. Reddy Ramya Kuber Banoth S.K. Verma Rana Pratap Singh, S.Natarajan Rani Rupmati S.R. Nawange Ranjan Kumar Manna Sachin Gupta Ranjay Kumar Tiwari Sahadev Sharma Ravpreet Kaur Sahesta Ekram

238 Section XIV : Plant Sciences

Saima Malik Shreyans Chatterjee Samiullah Khan Shreyashi Pahari Samrat Paul Shreyoshi Chakraborty Sanjay Guleria Shubhashree Mahalik Sanjay V. Kamble Shubhrajyoti Panda Sanjeev Kumar Vidyarthi Simran Gupta Sankranthi Sumhitha Smita Jain Sarita Srivastava Soham Biswas Saroj Dubey Somali Mukherjee Satakshi Basu Sonal Saurabh Kumar Sonia Rathee Sayani Mukherjee Soumendra Darbar Seshu Lavania Soumya Ranjan Nayak Shailesh Mehta Sristisri Upadhyaya Shanti S. Sharma Subham Jyoti Biswas Sharad Bissa Subham Saha Sharada Seekonda Sudhansu Sekhar Rath Sharmita Gupta Sudhir Kumar Shashank K Singh Sumesh C. Chhabra Shashiprabha Surendra Kr. Prasad Shikha Mathur Surochita Basu Shilpee Dhali Surya Mani Kumar Shouvik Bhattacharya Sushant Ram Shreya Biswas Swagatam Maity

239 107th Indian Science Congress, Bangalore 2020 Authors Index

Swati Celia Topno V. Mary Kensa Sweta Kumari V.R. Sumitha Sweta Sain Vaishali Gupta T. Onkarappa Veena Satya T. Pullaiah Vidya Patni T.Sundari Vikas Sharma Tamojit Santra Vinay Sharma Tanmay Rathi Vinod Kumari Tariq Aftab Vishnu Shankar Sinha Teerna Bhowmick Y. Vimala Tetsuro Mimura Y.L. Krishnamurthy U. B. Deshmukh Y.P. Singh Umesh C Lavania Yamanura Upasana Ghosh Yamini Dashora Uttam S. Salve Yogesh Kumar Sharma V. B. Chavan Zainab Zafar V. Balakrishnan Zeenat Parveen V. J. Dhole

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