LP Solidstart Laminated Strand Lumber and Laminated Veneer
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Psme 46 Douglas-Fir-Incense
PSME 46 DOUGLAS-FIR-INCENSE-CEDAR/PIPER'S OREGONGRAPE Pseudotsuga menziesii-Calocedrus decurrens/Berberis piperiana PSME-CADE27/BEPI2 (N=18; FS=18) Distribution. This Association occurs on the Applegate, Ashland, and Prospect Ranger Districts, Rogue River National Forest, and the Tiller and North Umpqua Ranger Districts, Umpqua National Forest. It may also occur on the Butte Falls Ranger District, Rogue River National Forest and adjacent Bureau of Land Management lands. Distinguishing Characteristics. This is a drier, cooler Douglas-fir association. White fir is frequently present, but with relatively low covers. Piper's Oregongrape and poison oak, dry site indicators, are also frequently present. Soils. Parent material is mostly schist, welded tuff, and basalt, with some andesite, diorite, and amphibolite. Average surface rock cover is 8 percent, with 8 percent gravel. Soils are generally deep, but may be moderately deep, with an average depth of greater than 40 inches. PSME 47 Environment. Elevation averages 3000 feet. Aspects vary. Slope averages 35 percent and ranges between 12 and 62 percent. Slope position ranges from the upper one-third of the slope down to the lower one-third of the slope. This Association may also occur on benches and narrow flats. Vegetation Composition and Structure. Total species richness is high for the Series, averaging 44 percent. The overstory is dominated by Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine, with sugar pine and incense-cedar common associates. Douglas-fir dominates the understory. Incense-cedar, white fir, and Pacific madrone frequently occur, generally with covers greater than 5 percent. Sugar pine is common. Frequently occurring shrubs include Piper's Oregongrape, baldhip rose, poison oak, creeping snowberry, and Pacific blackberry. -
15 – Construction Vocabulary
CONSTRUCTION VOCABULARY ABC (Aggregate Base Course): used in mixing with concrete and placed below concrete prior to the pouring of sidewalks, driveways, etc. It serves as a compacted solid base. Air return: A series of ducts in air conditioning system to return used air to air handler to be reconditioned. Ameri-mix: Maker of the pre-blended bag mixes we use in masonry work. Anchor Bolts: (also called J-bolts) Bolts embedded in concrete foundation used to hold sills in place. Anchor Straps: Straps embedded in concrete foundation used to hold sills in place, most commonly MASAs in our houses. Apron: A piece of driveway between sidewalk and curb. Back Fill: The replacement of dirt in holes, trenches and around foundations. Backing (aka blocking): a non-structural (usually 2x) framed support (i.e. for drywall). Balloon Framing: A special situationally required type of construction with studs that are longer than the standard length. Bay: The space between two parallel framing members (i.e. trusses). Beam: A horizontal structural member running between posts, columns or walls. Bearing wall (aka partition): A wall which carries a vertical structural load in addition to its own weight. Bevel: To cut an angle other than a right angle, such as on the edge of a board. Bird block (aka frieze board): An attic vent located between truss tails. Bird’s Mouth: A notch cut in the underside of a rafter to fit the top plate. Blocking (aka backing): A non-structural 2x framing support (i.e. for drywall) Board: Lumber less than 2” thick. Board Foot: The equivalent of a board 1’ square and 1” thick. -
Residential I-Joist & LVL Installation Guide
Engineered Wood Products Wood—the miracle material. Wood is the right choice for a host of construction applications. It is the earth’s natural, energy efficient and renewable building material. Engineered wood is a better use of wood. The miracle in today’s wood products is that they make more efficient use of the wood fiber resource to make stronger plywood, oriented strand board, I-joists, glued laminated timbers and laminated veneer lumber. That’s good for the environment and good for designers seeking strong, efficient and striking building design. A few facts about wood. We’re growing more wood every day. Forests fully cover one-third of the United States’ and one-half of Canada’s land mass. Residential I-Joist & LVL American landowners plant more than two billion trees every year. In addition, millions of trees seed naturally. The forest products industry, which comprises about 15 percent of forestland ownership, is INSTALLATION responsible for 41 percent of replanted forest acreage. That works out to more than one billion trees a year, or about three million trees planted every day. This high rate of replanting accounts for the fact that each year, 27 percent more timber is grown than is harvested. Canada’s replanting record shows a fourfold increase in the number of trees planted between 1975 and 1990. GUIDE Life Cycle Assessment shows wood is the greenest building product. A 2004 CORRIM study gave scientific validation to the strength of wood as a green building product. In examining building products’ life cycles—from extraction of the raw material to demolition of the building at the end of its long lifespan—CORRIM found that wood was better for the environment than steel or concrete in terms of embodied energy, global warming potential, air emissions, water emissions, and solid waste production. -
DOUGLAS's Datasheet
DOUGLAS Page 1of 4 Family: PINACEAE (gymnosperm) Scientific name(s): Pseudotsuga menziesii Commercial restriction: no commercial restriction Note: Coming from North West of America, DOUGLAS FIR is often used for reaforestation in France and in Europe. Properties of european planted trees (young and with a rapid growth) which are mentionned in this sheet are different from those of the "Oregon pine" (old and with a slow growth) coming from its original growing area. WOOD DESCRIPTION LOG DESCRIPTION Color: pinkish brown Diameter: from 50 to 80 cm Sapwood: clearly demarcated Thickness of sapwood: from 5 to 10 cm Texture: medium Floats: pointless Grain: straight Log durability: low (must be treated) Interlocked grain: absent Note: Heartwood is pinkish brown with veins, the large sapwood is yellowish. Wood may show some resin pockets, sometimes of a great dimension. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES MECHANICAL AND ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES Physical and mechanical properties are based on mature heartwood specimens. These properties can vary greatly depending on origin and growth conditions. Mean Std dev. Mean Std dev. Specific gravity *: 0,54 0,04 Crushing strength *: 50 MPa 6 MPa Monnin hardness *: 3,2 0,8 Static bending strength *: 91 MPa 6 MPa Coeff. of volumetric shrinkage: 0,46 % 0,02 % Modulus of elasticity *: 16800 MPa 1550 MPa Total tangential shrinkage (TS): 6,9 % 1,2 % Total radial shrinkage (RS): 4,7 % 0,4 % (*: at 12% moisture content, with 1 MPa = 1 N/mm²) TS/RS ratio: 1,5 Fiber saturation point: 27 % Musical quality factor: 110,1 measured at 2971 Hz Stability: moderately stable NATURAL DURABILITY AND TREATABILITY Fungi and termite resistance refers to end-uses under temperate climate. -
Arthropod Diversity and Conservation in Old-Growth Northwest Forests'
AMER. ZOOL., 33:578-587 (1993) Arthropod Diversity and Conservation in Old-Growth mon et al., 1990; Hz Northwest Forests complex litter layer 1973; Lattin, 1990; JOHN D. LATTIN and other features Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Oregon State University, tural diversity of th Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2907 is reflected by the 14 found there (Lawtt SYNOPSIS. Old-growth forests of the Pacific Northwest extend along the 1990; Parsons et a. e coastal region from southern Alaska to northern California and are com- While these old posed largely of conifer rather than hardwood tree species. Many of these ity over time and trees achieve great age (500-1,000 yr). Natural succession that follows product of sever: forest stand destruction normally takes over 100 years to reach the young through successioi mature forest stage. This succession may continue on into old-growth for (Lattin, 1990). Fire centuries. The changing structural complexity of the forest over time, and diseases, are combined with the many different plant species that characterize succes- bances. The prolot sion, results in an array of arthropod habitats. It is estimated that 6,000 a continually char arthropod species may be found in such forests—over 3,400 different ments and habitat species are known from a single 6,400 ha site in Oregon. Our knowledge (Southwood, 1977 of these species is still rudimentary and much additional work is needed Lawton, 1983). throughout this vast region. Many of these species play critical roles in arthropods have lx the dynamics of forest ecosystems. They are important in nutrient cycling, old-growth site, tt as herbivores, as natural predators and parasites of other arthropod spe- mental Forest (HJ cies. -
Chestnut Oak Shortleaf Pine
Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana) Chestnut Oak (Quercus prinus) The Need to Know: How Trees Grow Paul Wray Paul Wray Paul Paul Wray Paul Kentucky Forestry Kentucky Forestry The Eastern Red Cedar is actually in the juniper family and is not closely related Although its serrated leaves resemble those of an American chestnut, this tree to other cedars. Its tough, stringy bark and waxy, scaly needles are designed for is actually a species of oak. It is also referred to as rock oak because it likes to survival in very dry conditions. The berries of the red cedar are an important food grow in rocky areas. The bark of a chestnut oak has vertical rectangular chunks. source for many songbirds. The wood is prized by builders for its rich red color, Good acorn crops are infrequent, but when available, the sweet nuts are eaten by sweet smell, and weather-resistant properties. deer, wild turkeys, squirrels and chipmunks. Mountain Laurel (Kalmia latifolia) White Oak (Quercus alba) Paul Wray Paul Paul Wray Paul Richard Webb Richard This evergreen shrub can be found in a variety of habitats along Eastern North The leaves of the white oak have rounded lobes, and the bark is light gray and America. It has a gnarled, multi-stemmed trunk with ridged bark, and typically scaly on older trees. The acorns are elongated with a shallow cap, and have a grows as a rounded, dense shrub of 5-15 feet tall. The leaves are broad with sweet taste, which makes them a favorite food for deer, bear, turkeys, squirrels pointed tips, and the mountain laurel’s noteworthy cup-shaped flowers bloom in and other wildlife. -
Douglasfirdouglasfirfacts About
DouglasFirDouglasFirfacts about Douglas Fir, a distinctive North American tree growing in all states from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, is probably used for more Beams and Stringers as well as Posts and Timber grades include lumber and lumber product purposes than any other individual species Select Structural, Construction, Standard and Utility. Light Framing grown on the American Continent. lumber is divided into Select Structural, Construction, Standard, The total Douglas Fir sawtimber stand in the Western Woods Region is Utility, Economy, 1500f Industrial, and 1200f Industrial grades, estimated at 609 billion board feet. Douglas Fir lumber is used for all giving the user a broad selection from which to choose. purposes to which lumber is normally put - for residential building, light Factory lumber is graded according to the rules for all species, and and heavy construction, woodwork, boxes and crates, industrial usage, separated into Factory Select, No. 1 Shop, No. 2 Shop and No. 3 poles, ties and in the manufacture of specialty products. It is one of the Shop in 5/4 and thicker and into Inch Factory Select and No. 1 and volume woods of the Western Woods Region. No. 2 Shop in 4/4. Distribution Botanical Classification In the Western Douglas Fir is manufactured by a large number of Western Woods Douglas Fir was discovered and classified by botanist David Douglas in Woods Region, Region sawmills and is widely distributed throughout the United 1826. Botanically, it is not a true fir but a species distinct in itself known Douglas Fir trees States and foreign countries. Obtainable in straight car lots, it can as Pseudotsuga taxifolia. -
End Jointing of Laminated Veneer Lumber for Structural Use
End jointing of laminated veneer lumber for structural use J.A. Youngquist T.L. Laufenberg B.S. Bryant proprietary process for manufacturing extremely long Abstract lengths of the material both in panel widths and in LVL Laminated veneer lumber (LVL) materials rep- form. The proprietary process requires a substantial resent a design alternative for structural lumber users. capital investment, limiting production of LVL. If ex- The study of processing options for producing LVL in isting plywood facilities were adapted to processing of plywood manufacturing and glued-laminating facilities 5/8-inch- to 1-1/2-inch-thick panels, subsequent panel is of interest as this would allow existing production ripping and end jointing of the resultant structural equipment to be used. This study was conducted in three components could conceivably compete both in price and phases to assess the feasibility of using visually graded performance with the highest structural grades of lum- veneer to produce 8-foot LVL lengths which, when end ber. Herein lies the major concern of this study: Is it jointed, could be competitive with existing structural technically feasible to manufacture end-jointed LVL lumber products. Phase I evaluated panel-length from PLV panels made in conventional plywood 3/4-inch-thick LVL made from C- or D-grade 3/16-, 1/8-, presses? or 1/10-inch-thick veneer, and the effect of specimen width on flexural and tensile properties. Phase II evalu- An evaluation of the production and marketing ated the use of vertical and horizontal finger joints and feasibility of LVL products made from panel lengths scarfjoints to join 3/4-inch thicknesses of LVL. -
Current U.S. Forest Data and Maps
CURRENT U.S. FOREST DATA AND MAPS Forest age FIA MapMaker CURRENT U.S. Forest ownership TPO Data FOREST DATA Timber harvest AND MAPS Urban influence Forest covertypes Top 10 species Return to FIA Home Return to FIA Home NEXT Productive unreserved forest area CURRENT U.S. FOREST DATA (timberland) in the U.S. by region and AND MAPS stand age class, 2002 Return 120 Forests in the 100 South, where timber production West is highest, have 80 s the lowest average age. 60 Northern forests, predominantly Million acreMillion South hardwoods, are 40 of slightly older in average age and 20 Western forests have the largest North concentration of 0 older stands. 1-19 20-39 40-59 60-79 80-99 100- 120- 140- 160- 200- 240- 280- 320- 400+ 119 139 159 199 240 279 319 399 Stand-age Class (years) Return to FIA Home Source: National Report on Forest Resources NEXT CURRENT U.S. FOREST DATA Forest ownership AND MAPS Return Eastern forests are predominantly private and western forests are predominantly public. Industrial forests are concentrated in Maine, the Lake States, the lower South and Pacific Northwest regions. Source: National Report on Forest Resources Return to FIA Home NEXT CURRENT U.S. Timber harvest by county FOREST DATA AND MAPS Return Timber harvests are concentrated in Maine, the Lake States, the lower South and Pacific Northwest regions. The South is the largest timber producing region in the country accounting for nearly 62% of all U.S. timber harvest. Source: National Report on Forest Resources Return to FIA Home NEXT CURRENT U.S. -
Trees on the Trails D Think of This 4-Page Insert As Your “Cheat Sheet” for the Trees Most Often Found Along Washington’S Trails
trees canreach 300feettall. east of the crest. Old-growth forests drier in and forests rain western both in tree Abundant Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas-fir Needles comeinsetsoftwo. abundance. in Cascades eastern known as shore pine) and in it’s (where crest of west Found Pinus contorta pine Lodgepole WASHINGTON WASHINGTON don’t betoodisappointedifyoucan’tgetapositiveI.D.onthatmysterytree. and fun, have So fall!). rarely and tree the in high stay (which cones the examine you unless distinguished be can’t firs Some apart. tell to tricky are trees some last, And Does itthriveeastofthecrest?craveshadeoropensunlight? elevations? higher prefer tree the Does tree? the is Where consider: to clues Other overall the both picture tree andadetailsuchasconesorneedlestohelpyouidentifythetree. to tried We’ve papery? or rough smooth, bark the Is like? look cones the do What leaves. or needles the Study trees: identify you help to tips few A the crest.Afew(suchasDouglas-fir)arefoundonbothsidesofdivide. of east only found are others while Cascades, the of crest the of west common are trees these of Some summits. subalpine to forests lowland from everywhere found trees deciduous flowering and conifers both find along you’ll Within, found trails. often Washington’s most trees the for sheet” “cheat your as insert 4-page this of Think Trees ontheTrails Trees TRAILS ALAN BAUER ALAN BAUER DAVE SCHIEFELBEIN ALAN BAUER very shadetolerant. below 3,500 feet, this tree is forests westside in Douglas-fir Second only in abundance to heterophylla Tsuga hemlock Western needles insetsoffive. cones, Large 1910. in troduced in disease a by decimated were Once common, populations Pinus monticola pine white Western August 2007 August - SUSAN MCDOUGAL SUSAN MCDOUGAL SYLVIA FEDER SUSAN MCDOUGAL come insetsofthree. -
2007 Permanent Wood Foundation Design Specification
2007 EDITION ANSI/AF&PA PWF-2007 Approval Date: AUGUST 7, 2007 PWF PERMANENT WOOD FOUNDATION DESIGN SPECIFICATION WITH COMMENTARY American Forest & Paper Association American Wood Council Updates and Errata While every precaution has been taken to ensure the accuracy of this document, errors may have occurred during development. Updates or Errata are posted to the American Wood Council website at www.awc.org. Technical inquiries may be addressed to [email protected]. The American Wood Council (AWC) is part of the wood products group of the American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA). AF&PA is the national trade association of the forest, paper, and wood products industry, representing member companies engaged in growing, harvesting, and processing wood and wood fiber, manufacturing pulp, paper, and paperboard products from both virgin and recycled fiber, and producing engineered and traditional wood products. For more information see www.afandpa.org. Copyright © American Wood Council. Downloaded/printed pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized. PERMANENT WOOD FOUNDATION i 2007 Edition ANSI/AF&PA PWF-2007 Approval Date: AUGUST 7, 2007 PWF PERMANENT WOOD FOUNDATION DESIGN SPECIFICATION WITH COMMENTARY Copyright © 2007, 2009 American Forest & Paper Association, Inc. Copyright © American Wood Council. Downloaded/printed pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized. AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION ii PERMANENT WOOD FOUNDATION Permanent Wood Foundation Design Specification with Commentary -
Douglas-Fir Pole and Engraver Beetles Attack Small Douglas-Fir Trees
Douglas-Fir Pole and Engraver Beetles Attack small Douglas-fir trees Name and Description—Douglas-fir pole beetle—Pseudohylesinus nebulosus (LeConte) Douglas-fir engraver beetle—Scolytus unispinosus LeConte An engraver beetle—Scolytus monticolae (Swaine) (= S. tsugae [Swaine]) [Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae] Douglas-fir pole and engraver beetles attack small-diameter Douglas-fir trees and tops of larger trees. They are commonly active during droughty periods. The Douglas-fir pole Figure 1. Galleries of Douglas-fir engraver 1 beetle adults are brown, slender, about /8 inch (3 mm) long, appear dull due to the dense beetle, Scolytus unispinosus. Photo: Wayne covering of scales, and have a round posterior. The engraver beetles average less than 1/8 Brewer, Auburn University, Bugwood.org. inch (3 mm) long and have a “sawed-off” posterior. Hosts—Douglas-fir is the principal host. Life Cycle—Depending on the location, Douglas-fir pole beetles and engraver beetles have one to two generations per year. Beetles usually emerge and attack in the spring. A short (1-3 inches [2.5-7.6 cm]), longitudinal egg gallery is constructed in the cambium layer, often with two branches—one up and one down the trunk—originating from the central entrance tunnel. The Douglas-fir engraver beetle gallery can be unbranched, extending in one direction from an enlarged chamber or notch. The galleries of the Douglas-fir engraver beetles (fig.1) can be distinguished from the galleries of Douglas-fir pole beetle (fig. 2) by the well-defined nuptial chamber made by engraver beetles. Larval galleries tend to turn upward and downward depend- ing on if they are above or below the notch.