$100 Women’s History 2016 Gazette 2016 A Gazette From the National Women’s History Project Volume 8

Special WOMEN’S HISTORY Catalog Inside

Dear Friends - Our theme for 2016, Working to Form a More Perfect Union: Honoring Women in Public Service and Government, recognizes the extraordinary work of this year's honorees and so many other women who have been part of making our country great. As voters as well as public servants, women have played a pivotal role in moving American history forward. In this tradition, this 2016 Women's History Gazette includes a Call to Action with a national appeal to recognize more widely all of women's achievements, particularly winning the vote, through a federal holiday on Women's Equality Day. Building on years of experience, we want to expand on the success of Women's History Month and highlight the important part women have had in making this unique democracy one that is truly of and for the people. With this in mind, we are proud to announce our newest effort, the Women's History Alliance. Please consider joining and participating in more focused projects and adventures over the next five years with colleagues and activists throughout the country. Read more about it in this gazette and check our website (www.nwhp.org ) for news and more details. As the National Women's History Project begins our 36th year of recognizing, honoring, and celebrating women's historic achievements, we are deeply grateful to all those who have led and joined this ever-expanding effort to make women's lives visible. Thank you.

Molly Murphy MacGregor Executive Director and Cofounder National Women’s History Project What’s Inside:

• Partners and Donors • March Symposium • 2016 Honorees • Women's History Alliance • Women’s History Resource Catalog • 2020 Call to Action

National Women’s History Project NON-PROFIT 730 Second Street #469 ORG. Santa Rosa, CA 95402 U.S. POSTAGE PAID PERMIT NO. 585 SANTA ROSA,C A National Women’s History Project Working to Form A More Perfect Union

Celebrating Lives and Legacies Lydia Bickford (1946 -2015) Women's History News Lydia Bickford championed justice for all. Her enthusiastic political involvement in all areas of local, state, and national agendas defied cynicism. She was a planner and a doer and helped make the The New-York Historical Society’s New Center world a better place for all of us. The NWHP will always be grateful for the Study of Women’s History for Lydia’s extraordinary generosity and her unlimited support. A landmark undertaking has begun that will transform a substantial portion of the New-York Historical Society’s fourth floor into a cutting-edge permanent Marcy Telles (1951 - 2015) museum space and center for scholarship focused on women’s history. It is Marcy Telles, with help from some of our staff & supporters, wrote the first such initiative in New York City, on a scale that is unprecedented a compelling women’s history musical tribute which has been in the United States. The new Center will focus particular attention on the shared tens of thousands of times in classrooms and women’s relevance of women’s history to broader movements around labor, health, history program throughout the country. Her creation of "A Fine justice, and social welfare that illuminate cultural, political, ethnic, societal, and Long Tradition" has become the NWHP anthem for which we and economic change over time. [email protected] will always be grateful.

Bringing the Boston Women’s Heritage Trail to Life Thank You to Our 2015 Donors! The efforts to remember and honor the work of women in American history Alice Ramsay Diana Madoshi Karen Darner Martha F. Barkley can be seen at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, where three Ann Fonfa Diane Gabe Kate Campbell Stevenson Martha Wheelock graduate students just completed a semester-long project to bring the Ann Lewis Edna L. Davis Kathleen Glynn Mary Ann Graf Boston Women's Heritage Trail to life. The students created a reality game Anne-Therese Ageson Emily Dieker Katrina Killefer Mary Dieker Nan Stein that allows users to learn more about the women featured along the trail Arden Eversmeyer Eric Lockard Kay Barmore Ave McCall Kellie McKeown Patricia Pierce and bring these sites to life with interactive activities, additional information, Floppy White Barbara Howard Florence Metz Ken Gruberman Patricia Robles-Mitten and media and prompts users to relate history to their own lives. Beth Jordan Frances Petschek Kim Plater Paula Hammett Brandi Taylor Gale Erbe Kimberly Salter Paula Trynn Brigid O'Farrell George Casey Larry Obar Penny Colman Status of National Women's Hall of Fame Carol & Mark Norberg Gloria Taylor Laura & Frank Billington Phyllis Benjamin The National Women's Hall of Fame is scheduled to move into the first floor Carol Griffith Holly Butler Laura Murra Richard Obar of the Center for Great Women (in Seneca Falls, New York) in December 2016. Carole Curtis, Jamala Johnson Laura Philpott Robert & Maggie Carolyn Fugua Jane Petro Laurel Nett Cooney Carolyn Rossell Janice Kulig Lee Hunt Ronnie LapinskySax A Monument to the Woman Suffrage Movement in Carolyn Taylor Jean Bowling Linda Hickson Rose Doherty Central Park Carryl Carter Jean Sarazine Linda Shevitz Sally Ahnger Catherine Mudra Jeanette Hosek Lisa Rubens Sandy Threlfall The effort to break the bronze ceiling in NYC's Central Park and create the Cathy Cruze Jeanne Farr McDonnell Lois Panting Sara & Scott MacGregor first statue of real women in the Park's 160 year history is well on its way. The Christina & Tim Terusa Jeanne Roslanowick Lydia Bickford Sarah Matson Statue will be a monument to the Woman Suffrage Movement. For more Christine Cobaugh Jennifer Fedorchak Lynne Harkins Sherri Philpott visit www.centralparkwherearethewomen.org Constance Cordovilla Jill Moss Greenberg Margaret Zierdt Siobhan Bredin Dale Hill Joanne Migdal Maria Barbarino Sonia Olson Dan Gruber Judith Kaplan Maria Cuevas Sue Rubio Delores Komar Judy & Dave Marielle Tsukamoto Susan Otteman The Commission on a National Women’s History Diana Bailey Judy Yung Marsh Moller Vera Hope Museum Wendy Dernbach This Commission has been directed to submit to Congress a report We are especially indebted to our Legacies Sponsors - Betty Bock, Sunny Bristol, Lissa McLean and Gerda containing their recommendations with respect to a plan of action for the Lerner - whose bequests have been essential in sustaining our work. For information about making a establishment and maintenance of a National Women’s History Museum bequest to the National Women’s History Project, please email [email protected] in Washington, D.C. or its environs. This report is to be submitted no later We would also like to thank the Bickford Foundation for their very generous support and El Cid Bookkeeping than November 18, 2016. To ensure that all voices are heard during our for their generous pro bono work. deliberation, the Commission would appreciate your help by completing a short survey. Please go to our web site www.womenshistorycommission.org Your Support Makes Our Work Possible to participate in the survey today. Please remember that the next time you order from Amazon use smile.amazon.com. On your first visit to smile.amazon.com, you need to select the National Women’s History Project as the organization to receive donations. Then every eligible purchase you make at smile.amazon.com will result in a donation. Note: you can change your charity any time. MEET A SISTER. Women’s History Gazette March 8 – 14 BE INSPIRED. 2016 National Women’s History Project Vol. 8 Written by Emily Dieker, Hillary McGraw, Molly Murphy MacGregor LIKE the National Edited by Women's History Molly Murphy MacGregor, Project on Facebook Robert P.J. Cooney, Jr., Nancy Foye-Cox and Twitter to keep For more information and to find out how you Designed by Vicki Dougan up on NWHP can get involved, visit: www.salespromotionusa.com programs and enjoy National Women’s History Project www.nationalcatholicsistersweek.org our daily women's 730 Second Street #469 ,Santa Rosa, CA 95402 history facts. 707-636-2888 • www.nwhp.org

2 707-636-2888 Honoring Women in Public Service & Government 2016

2016 National Women's History Month Honorees' Lunch and Program

A special luncheon and program to recognize and celebrate the lives and work of the 2016 National Women's History Month Honorees will be held at The Hamilton Live in Washington, DC on Saturday, March 19th from 12:00 to 2:30. Ticket are $100 for non-members and $75 for NWHP members (all donors, partners, network members) and are available on-line in the NWHP Store.

Call to Action for 2016 March is officially Women’s History Month, but every month is the right time to celebrate the accomplishments of multicultural American women. Throughout the country, we depend on effective leaders, innovators, and visionaries in the public sector, and this year we honor their service and dedication to the public good. From clerks to judges, engineers to doctors, city council members to Congressional representatives, women have served our nation in countless ways. In government, they have established high standards, rejected bribery and corruption, and helped our democracy thrive and grow from small towns and cities to the national level. Here are some ideas to celebrate women in public service this year: 1. Plan an event around this year’s Women’s History Month theme, “Forming a More 3. Support the New York 2017 Suffrage Centennial Commission. Perfect Union: Honoring Women in Public Service and Government.” Gov. Andrew Cuomo has signed a bill to create a commission to help implement events Make women's historic achievement visible by requesting that all government agencies at for New York’s woman’s suffrage 100th anniversary commemoration in 2017. Call the the local, state and federal level honor womenin public service and government. Governor’s office and thank him for his support and encourage him to include sufficient funding for the Commission in his 2016 and 2017 budgets. New York was a vital center for Ask for special proclamations by city councils, boards of supervisors, state leaders the entire Woman Suffrage Movement. and federal departments. Visit the NWHP's website www. nwhp.org and type the word “proclamation” into the search engine for examples of proclamations that you can use. 4. Celebrate America’s great movement for women’s rights. Encourage women's history programs and celebrations in your children's schools from K- Now is the time to learn about and share the stories of how American women won the right college and consider an appropriate way to recognize women in your workplace. to vote less than 100 years ago. Find out more about your local and state suffrage activists Contact your local bookstores, libraries, and public centers to have special women's history and prepare for the national centennial in 2020. Get on the official schedules, get events programs that feature women writers and historians. included in the budgets, and start to plan something special wherever you are. New York suffragist Inez Milholland, who died in 1916 campaigning for Votes for Women, is 2. Tell the Treasury Department that a woman needs to be on the $20 bill. one of the 2016 Honorees. She is also the focus of a separate, one-year project sponsored by In March 2015, Women On 20s launched an extraordinary campaign to have a woman on thenNWHP aimed at raising her profile and that of other suffragists across the country. the $20 bill. The idea generated a lot of excitement and hope and, after over 600,000 votes, Learn more at InezMilhollandCentennial.com. courageous abolitionist Harriet Tubman emerged as the woman chosen by the public to be on the $20. But, the US Treasury ignored this request and the entire campaign. Now, 5. Join the new Women's History Alliance to help mobilize the country to honor, because of public pushback, the Treasury has postponed an announcement recognize & celebrate women's historic achievements. Visit www.womenon20s.org, and on Facebook and Twitter for the latest developments. Visit www.nwhp.org and join us today! Please register your opinion to Treasury with #TheNew20!

Visit www.nwhp.org for a listing of National and State Women’s History Performers and Presenters

www.nwhp.org 3 National Women’s History Project Working to Form A More Perfect Union Announcing the Women's History Alliance The National Women's History Project is proud to announce the establishment of a newWomen’s History Alliance, which will help link women's history advocates at the local, state, and federal level and significantly expand each group's circle of influence. This new effort will help connect educators, performers, historic sites, agencies, and organizations in their work of recognizing women's history and preparing for the Woman Suffrage Centennial in 2020. Building on the success of Women's History Month, one of the goals of the NWHP and the new Alliance is to have Women's Equality Day – August 26, the anniversary of American women winning the right to vote – declared a federal holiday. This will be a serious challenge, but what better way to celebrate “Women’s Independence Day” and honor the inspiring nonviolent movement that overcame tremendous odds to win civil rights for American women. Today, there is no Federal holiday that honors women. Male figures, however, are celebrated from President's Day to Christmas. The great achievement of the 20th century - the emancipation and empowerment of women - calls for recognition at the national level. Men and women in Congress reflect our priorities and this is an issue that should unite the great majority of them. We encourage women's advance- ment throughout all aspects of society and one of the best ways to do this is to recognize Equality Day as a national holiday. If we can convince our representatives to take this single step, then we will know that the achievements of women, who strived for their own civil rights for over seventy years, have finally been recognized as a central part of our national heritage. NWHP Webinar A Webinar was held to discussed the Women's History Alliance and information about planning women's history programs and events for National Women's History Month and the upcoming planning for the celebration in 2020 of the 100th anniversary of women in the United States winning the vote. This NWHP webinar was hosted by the National Girls Collaborative and the slides and recording are available at: http://ngcproject.org/national-womens-history-month-webinar

Join the Women's History Alliance by registering on our website www.nwhp.org or email nwhp@nwhp for more information.

2016 NWHP PARTNERS The NWHP 2016 Partners demonstrate the expansive and varied ways women’s history is being recognized and celebrated throughout the country. From universities to museums to scholarship funds to a wide-array of institutions and organizations all recognize the importance of women’s history in establishing their goals. Be sure to visit our 2016 Partners who are also listed on our website (www.nwhp.org.) with a direct link to their websites. We will be working with our 2016 partners to promote women's history throughout the year with a special emphasis on National Women's History Month, Women's Equality Day and the countdown to 2020 and the centennial of women in the United States winning the right to vote. We have scheduled a special women’s history symposium with our 2016 Partners during the week of March 15th in Washington, DC. The public is invited. Check our website for details. (www.nwhp.or)

AAUW-Santa Rosa Empowering women and girls since 1935. Elizabeth Cady Stanton Consortium provides forums www.aauwsantarosa.org elizabethcadystantonwomensconsortium.org

The Ann Lewis Suffrage Collection expands access to the Federal Employee Women works to end sex and gender woman suffrage movement by sharing its collection of more discrimination, to encourage diversity and equity in the than 1,200 books, objects, correspondence, periodicals, etc. workplace, and the advancement and professional growth www.lewissuffragecollection.omeka.net of women in federal service. https://www.few.org/

Anne Johnson Memorial Scholarship Fund - honors Gather the Women Global Matrix™ (GTW) is to promote Anne Johnson's international development work and support the establishment of active GTW regions around the including girls’ education in Nigeria. www.pfd.org globe. Women who find GTW have heard the call to bring forth feminine wisdom. www.gatherthewomen.org

California BPW The women of the California Federation of GFWC -Covina Women’s Club is part of an international community Business and Professional Women are dedicated, strong and service organization which provides education, training and steadfast in achieving and protecting the rights, lives and interaction opportunities for volunteers who are committed to opportunities of working women. www.bpwcal.org enrich the quality of life throughout California and the world. http://www.covinawomansclub.org/page1/page1.html

Our Career Mastered: Women’s History Month Leadership in Action Helping women master the art of their careers www.careermastered.com

Earth Mama honors and inspires women and men with Standing Indiana Commission for Women works strategically both on the Shoulders, an anthem for women’s progress and other within government and in Indiana communities to help music dedicated to "Helping Heal the Planet One Song at a bring about positive solutions for Indiana women and Time!" www.standingontheshoulders.org their families. www.in.gov/icw/

4 707-636-2888 Honoring Women in Public Service & Government 2016 2016 NWHP PARTNERS

League of Women Voters of Los Angeles County is a nonpartisan political organization that encourages informed, active participation in government, works to increase understanding of major public policy issues, and influences public policy through education & advocacy.

(FAA). http://technicalwomen.org

for equality. http://www.sewallbelmont.org/ National Girls Collaborative Project The vision of the National Girls Collaborative Project is to bring together organizations throughout the United States that are committed to informing and encouraging girls to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).

Progressive Oakland Women Empowering Reform

www.nwhp.org 5 Women’s History Resource Catalog • 2016

The NWHP Store Celebrate Women's Historic Achievements The National Women's NWHP COMMEMORATIVE History Project is unique as POSTER SET an educational non-profit organization in that most of our revenue is generated by the sale of women's history materials. The resources displayed in the following pages are just a sample of the materials you can find in our on-line NWHP Store which is accessible from our Ten historic poster celebrate Women's History website www.nwhp.org. Week and Month and the women who changed our nation's history. Makes an inspiring and Thanks for your support. education display for classroom or work place NWHP Commemorative Set #0162 $24.00

ALL PREVIOUS THEME ITEMS #0747 BANNERS PENCILS Our History is Our Strength

Pencils #0982 HISTORY HISTORY HISTORY HISTORY HISTORY 50% OFF Our is Our Strength Our is Our Strength Our is Our Strength Our is Our Strength (Limited Quantities) Women Taking the LeadOur tois Our Save Strength the Planet Pencils #0848 Visit NWHP Store for Details #1321 11" x 34" accessible from website www.nwhp.org 10 Pencils/Pkg BOOKMARKS All Bookmark Are $2.98/Pkg All Pencils Are $2.98/Pkg All Paper Banners Are $2.98 Each

PLACEMATS All Placemats Are $3.98/Set of 50

HISTORY All Stickers Are

Our STICKERS $1.50/Pkg is Our Celebrating WomenStrength and Democracy Stickers 4" circle. 10/pkg #6777 Our History is Our Strength Stickers 2" x 2" 10/pkg #0979 National Women’s History Month Stickers 21/sheet. Each sticker 1" x 2" #7985 Write Women Back into History Stickers 21/sheet. Each sticker 1" x 2" #1479

BUTTONS All Buttons Are $1.00 Each

WOMEN'S EDUCATION WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT 2" x 2" #1020

Buttons are laminated and have a safety pin attachment. Made in USA/Union Bug.

6 Visit our webstore at www.nwhp.org for full descriptions and images of these materials and many more. 707-636-2888 Women’s History Resource Catalog • 2016 Give the Gift of Women's History "Failure is Impossible" bracelet NWHP Heritage Pin Sisters Pin Susan B. Anthony ended NWHP logo pin. her last public speech Synthetic cloisonné with the belief that when people of good heart and Five enamel colors Clutch attachment. purpose work together — “Failure is Impossible.” .5" x 1.25" Gift boxed Polished Nickel-Plated Cuff Made in USA. #0853 $19.95 Bracelet 6-5/8" x 1/2" Debossed with black color fill. Gift box with quotation information. #2323 $17.95

Well Behaved Women Cuff Bracelet 1.28" x .925" Mixed metals. Gift boxed. $22.00 #0769

Guardian Poster

Well Behaved Women Rarely Make History is inscribed on the #0754 $ 9.95 outside of this slim cuff bracelet. Mixed metals. Gift boxed. $15.00 #0871

And Still We Sing CD Listen to the music This beautiful poster, showing of 30 years of social Here's to the Women Twenty songs four female figures in glorious change. Singer, commemorating color, calls attention to songwriter Holly Near women's journey women's roles as guardians of continues to use her to justice with an the earth, children and animals. magical voice and emphasis on the 11" x 14" #9068 $14.00. talent to promote battle for the vote. Also available - Guardian Note social and historic 20-song CD. Cards #9056 $8.96 (pack of 6) movements the move #0945 $12.95 history forward. 37-song CD. #0760 $23.98

New Magnets

Celebrate the Spirit of Possibility Together We Can Do It Well Behaved #1517 $5.00 2" x 3" One Day She Knew One Day She and Change She Must Follow Opened Her Mind Women Seldom Her Heart to New Possibilities Make History #1518 $5.00 #1516 $5.00 #1519 $5.00 2.5" x 3.5" 2.5" x 3.5" 2" x 3"

Visit our webstore at www.nwhp.org for full descriptions and images of these materials and many more. 707-636-2888 7 Women’s History Resource Catalog • 2016 CLASSROOM MATERIALS & CHILDREN'S BOOKS Her Story PowerPoint Harriet Tubman Board Women Putting Their and Curricular Resource CD Game & Activity Guide Stamp on America Kit Women can do everything! They are astronauts, mathematicians, singers, and musicians; they are involved in every social movement. The “Her Story” curricula integrate historical U.S. women’s accomplishments and lessons for the classroom, including optional assignments. The topics include: Computers Are Amazing! Relive a daring escape on the Underground Destination: Earth Railroad. Roll the dice and take your turn, Learn about Women through Postage Stamps. Destination: Venue making your way to freedom along the This teaching kit demonstrates the many Do Re Mi Underground Railroad. This full color ways women have put their unique stamp on Reach for the Stars children's board game is designed to American history. Grades 5-Adult. 14-minute Women Taking the Lead to Save help students better understand Harriet DVD produced by the USPS. With Closed the Planet Tubman's bravery and the tremendous risks Caption. Poster 27.5” x 18.5” Celebrate Writing Women Back involved in fleeing slavery. Study guide with 31-Page Biography Activity Book into History a short biography, discussion questions, song sheet, activities. Gr. 2-6. 19" x 26" Women Putting Their Stamp on America Teaching Kit #9917 $19.95 Her Story PowerPoint and Curriculum CD #0997 $19.95 Harriet Tubman Board Game & Activity Poster also available without kit #9910 $9.95 Guide #6911 $12.95

Marching With Aunt Susan A is for Abigail Beautifully illustrated with full Colorful oversize format with color gouache paints and over- illustrations that celebrate sized format 38 pages, hard remarkable American women. cover, Gr. K-3. #1483 $16.95 36 pages, hardcover for all ages. #0641 $19.95 Heroes in Our History Coloring Book One-of-a-kind coloring The Story of Ruby Bridges book great for classrooms, after Special Anniversary Edition school groups, girl scouts, your In 1960, Ruby Bridges is a first kids and grand kids. Featuring grader and the first African- 23 courageous and cultural American to attend an all- diverse women. Gr. 2-6. white school elementary #1940 $1.50 school in her new community. The full-color watercolor Amelia to Zora illustrations help capture the Beautifully illustrated full-color, physical warmth of Ruby’s biographies of women who family and community. made a difference in people's Gr. K-3, 30 pages, paperback. lives 32 pages, paper, Gr. 1-3. #1488 $6.99 —Give Children the Gift of Women's History— #0884 $7.95 The Women of Apollo Rachel - The Story of Rachel RAD American Women A-Z Paper Bag Princess The first-hand experiences of Carson This handsome picture- Honoring 26 trailblazing A fun story to shatter four extraordinary women and book biography introduces women each entry featuring stereotypes 24 pages, paper, their pioneering efforts on the children to writer and paper cutout portraits Gr. K-3. #0909 $6.95 NASA Apollo Program. environmentalist Rachel Carson. alongside heartfelt tributes 65 pages, hardcover. Watercolor paintings provide to each of these American When Marian Sang - True #1914 $9.95 SALE PRICE splendid full and double-page women—who are "rad" in both Recital of Marian Anderson views of various setting and the awesome and radical sense. Beautiful over-sized format credible portraits. 32 pages, 55 pages, hard cover. picture book, Gr. K-3. paper, Gr. 3-5. #0881 $7.99 #1524 14.95 #0285 $16.95

8 Visit our webstore at www.nwhp.org for full descriptions and images of these materials and many more. 707-636-2888 Women’s History Resource Catalog • 2016

WORKING TO FORM A MORE PERFECT UNION Equality Timeline Poster Set Honoring Women in Public Service and Government

Winning the Vote Poster Create Your Own Poster Set

Living the Legacy Poster

Illustrated Timeline of Woman Suffrage CD Prints This classic image commemorates the With this CD, you can print posters on your own passage of the 19th Amendment to the as large as 11” x 17”. Each poster panel features US Constitution in 1920, which granted rare historic photos of people and events. These women the right to vote. 18" x 24" easy to grasp visuals make this timeline invaluable for learning about the campaign to win the vote. Winning the Vote #0947 $4.98 Illustrated Timeline of Woman Suffrage CD 8 Poster Set CD #0918 $19.95 New York Suffrage Poster HURRAH FOR WOMAN This striking poster testifies to the work creating possibilities for all generations. SUFFRAGE! Votes for Women Poster #0840 The poster features dozens of buttons #0721 Award-winning design was from different types of campaigns and $12.00 created by Betha Boye when five photo collages depicting some of the California became the 6th state ways we are "living the legacy of women's A 40-Minute Music CD The Homespun to enfranchise women. After that rights today. 20" x 28" "Living the Singers singing Songs of the Woman victory, the poster design was Legacy" Poster #8901 $4.98 Suffrage Movement 1848 – 1920 used in countless woman suffrage campaigns. Poster size14.5" x 24" #0850 $4.98

New York Suffrage Poster

11" x 17" #1512 $25.00 $4.98

Visit our webstore at www.nwhp.org for full descriptions and images of these materials and many more. 707-636-2888 9 Women’s History Resource Catalog • 2016 Learning the Stories of Women's Lives Women in American Life A Multicultural Women’s History Five-Part Series Shop the Written and Produced by NWHP NWHP Store (accessible from This five-part documentary combinesa fact-filled www.nwhp.org) narrative and lively period music with hundreds of for a variety of compelling images to depict women in U.S. history. Display Sets Each time frame comes with a guide including the narrative and brief descriptions of the women and Posters featured in the segment. Copyright 1988. Order Early Set of 5 DVD's #0533 $49.95 Save postage using Program 1: 1861-1880: Civil War, Recovery & Westward Expansion (15:15) min Media Mail Program 2: 1889-1920: Immigration, New Work & New Roles (16:19) min Fax Purchase Orders Program 3 : 1917-1942: Cultural Image & Economic Reality (17:14) min to 707-636-2888 Program 4: 1942-1955: War, Work, Housework & Growing Discontent (14:52) or email Program 5: 1955-1977: New Attitudes Force Dramatic Changes (24:38) min [email protected] ROSIE THE RIVETER The Patriotic Embodiment of Women's History

"We Can Do It!" Poster #0101 Authentic WWII Poster During World War II, the images of strong and capable "Rosie the Riveter" encouraged millions of women to help with the war effort. 18" x 24" $4.98 Rosie the Riveter #6519 A close look at that moment in history when women were in high demand for every imaginable kind of work. Told NWHP Logo Placemat #1494 with dozens of personal accounts, Paper, 10.5" x 15" photographs and illustrations. Set of 30 - $3.00 120 pgs., paper, Gr. 5-12 $11.99

Rosie Water Bottle #1493 This 20-ounce aluminum water bottle is perfect for the gym, a day outing or letting the world know WE CAN DO IT! 7.25" tall x 3" wide. $9.95

Rosie Note Cards #1910 Pack of 6 with yellow envelopes. Our History is Our Strength 5" x 7 " Gift box $9.95 Note Cards #1034 Design based on the NWHP’s Rosie Lunch Box #1528 logo. Six cards with envelopes (7.5” x 6”x 4”) $10.95 Gift box $10.99

10 Visit our webstore at www.nwhp.org for full descriptions and images of these materials and many more. 707-636-2888 Honoring Women in Public Service & Government 2016 WORKING TO FORM A MORE PERFECT UNION Honoring Women in Public Service and Government

he National Women’s History Month in society have been limited based on the fought tirelessly to dismantle both the In 2016, the National Women’s History Ttheme for 2016 honors women who concept of separate spheres for women and legal and social roadblocks to women Project honors 16 women leaders, have shaped America’s history and its men. Dating back to ancient Greek texts, gaining full citizenship and participation in trailblazers, and role models in the fields future through their public service and the concept assumes that woman’s place the American democracy. of public service and government. When government leadership. Although often is in the private home and man’s place is Women winning the vote in 1920 is a well reading their stories in this gazette overlooked and undervalued, collectively in the public sphere of work and politics. known example, while many other rights we encourage you to think about the they have dramatically influenced our Strengthened by unscientific notions of were not won until the second half of the enormous obstacles that many of these public policy and the building of viable biological determinism--believing that 20th century. Second wave feminists won women overcame (based not only on sex institutions and organizations. From woman’s sole purpose was in reproduction women the right to equal pay in 1963, birth but often race, religion, or ethnicity), to championing basic human rights to and any public activities would damage control in 1972, fair credit in 1973, and the recognize the countless women throughout ensuring access and equal opportunity her reproductive capacity--and limited last “head and master” marital property our history who have tried but not been for all Americans, they have led the way religious interpretations--placing woman law was finally overturned in 1981. As legal successful at overcoming such obstacles, in establishing a stronger and more in a subordinate role to man--the concept barriers to women have been dismantled, and what obstacles may remain for democratic country. of separate spheres is evident in America’s brave women, like our 2016 honorees, have women seeking roles in public service and When honoring women in public service early laws and government documents. stepped forward to prove that women have government. The tenacity of each honoree and government it is important to Women were not included in the the same right and responsibility to public underlines the fact that women from all celebrate women’s accomplishments but to Constitution, they could not vote, own service as men. cultural backgrounds in all levels of public also recognize and understand the barriers property, or serve on juries (among a host service and government are essential in the and obstacles that women have had, and of other legal limitations). Throughout continuing work of forming a more perfect continue, to overcome. For nearly all of American history many courageous union. American history women’s status and roles women, and a few men too, have

2016 Theme Products azette G Volume 6 00 00 00$100$1 G azette $1$1 2014 Volume 6 2014 G azette National Women's History istoryistory 2014 Volume 6 HHHistory 2014 G azette History Volume 6 omen’sWomen’sWomen’sWomen’sAomen’s GazetteA Gazette From From the Nationalthe National H Women’sistory Women’s History History Project Project2014 Gazette W A Gazette From the National Women’s History Project W A Gazette From the National Women’s History Project 2014 2014 2014 Volume 6 Month Kit 20142014 A Gazette From the National Women’s History Project 2016 Women's History Gazette #1528 $10 (25 copies) All-In-One National Women's History Program Kit. Everything you need for a successful March is .... Balloons (12) Women's History celebration. #0959 $3.95 Display the balloons and poster, review the speech and welcome 2016 Speech #1527 $10.95 the crowd. 15-20 minute (depending on how quickly it is read) which #1514 without Fine and Long focuses on the 2016 theme Tradition DVD $49.95 and Honoree. #1513 with Fine and Long Tradition DVD $59.95 2016 Electronic Logo #1526 $10.00 Use on all your Fine and Long Tradition DVD promotional materials or #0532 $12.00 invitations Lively 7-minute music DVD with images and upbeat music that 2016 Bookmarks recognizes some of the women #1525 $6.95 (25) 2"x8" who changed America from 2016 Theme on the front and colonial times to the present. Honorees listed on the back

Working To Form A More Perfect Union Honoring 2016 Poster (18"x 24") Women in Public Service and Government #1515 $8.95 Bulk orders available

www.nwhp.org 11 National Women’s History Project Working to Form A More Perfect Union

Voting as the Foundation of Ensuring All Votes And Voices Are Heard Democracy Milholland put off treatment for Inez Milholland her failing health, and in late Women 1886 - 1916 October 1916, after dramatically Woman Suffrage Leader & Martyr asking, “Mr. President, how long Win the Vote must women wait for liberty,” she The Woman Suffrage movement was born out Inez Milholland Boissevain gave her collapsed before a large audience in of the anti-slavery movement of the mid 19th life working for the Woman Suffrage Los Angeles, CA. She died a month century. movement. Because of what she and later of pernicious anemia. Fellow other suffragists did, women won suffragists recognized that her love of In 1848, the first Women’s Rights Convention was the basic right to vote. Milholland democracy and devotion to women held in Seneca Falls, NY, where 100 of the over 300 was a lawyer who also fought for made her a martyr for the cause. On attendees signed the Declaration of Sentiments the rights of working class women, Christmas Day, an unprecedented which included a demand for women’s voting memorial was held for her in the rights. spoke out for racial equality, and Washington, D.C., and she famously worked for prison reform. led the parade wearing a cape and U.S. Capitol’s Statuary Hall, the first woman to be honored there. A week In 1865, the passage of the 14th and 15th crown atop a white horse. Amendments guaranteed only voting rights and Milholland became active in the later, suffragists carried her final plea citizenship for men. Suffrage movement as a student at In 1916, she accepted the role of on their banners when they began to Vassar where her suffrage meetings “Flying Envoy” on a speaking tour picketed the White House. In 1920, after 72 years of countless petitions, were eventually banned from of the western states. Across the Over her brief life, Inez Milholland protests, parades, speeches, White house pickets, campus. For six years, she was West she addressed women who Boissevain personified the goal of and the brutal jailing of picketers—American involved in the drive for Votes for were new voters with passion and Votes for Women, and today she women finally won the right to vote. Women in New York, memorably conviction; “Now, for the first time symbolizes the perseverance and lobbying state lawmakers and in our history, women have the sacrifices required to win equality leading annual suffrage parades up power to enforce their demands, for women. The Voting Fifth Avenue. In 1913, she helped and the weapon with which to fight plan the Woman Suffrage Parade in for woman’s liberation.” Rights Act Following the Civil War and Reconstruction Period ending in 1877, southern states enacted laws limiting voting rights by the use of literacy tests, poll taxes, property ownership requirements, Karen Narasaki commission serves as a government and other restrictions. Laws the effectively watchdog, investigating, reporting 1958 – Present disenfranchised African Americans for decades. on, and making recommendations Civil and Human Rights Leader concerning civil rights issues facing In 1957, after demands from the Civil Rights Karen Narasaki is a Civil Rights the nation. Previously, she advised movement, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act President Bill Clinton on civil and created the Commission on Civil Rights. lawyer, lobbyist, and leader who has dedicated her career to issues rights issues and in 2009, she was In 1965, congress passed the landmark Voting of Asian American equality. Her appointed to the Advisory Committee Rights Act prohibiting states from racial work has focused on voting on Diversity for Communications discrimination in voting rights. Amended and rights, affirmative action, family in the Digital Age of the Federal strengthened five times by Congress, this law immigration, media representation, Communications Commission. opened voter booths to hundreds of thousands and hate crimes prevention. Narasaki Narasaki’s efforts on multiple of previously disenfranchised African Americans. is currently a Commissioner on the occasions (such as her work U.S. Commission on Civil Rights. these populations maintained access on voting rights) have worked to affirmative action programs. Narasaki served as Washington, to strengthen ties with African In addition to her work on legal Recent Attacks D.C., representative for the Japanese American, Latino, Native American, issues, Narasaki is former chair of American Civil Rights League (1986- and other minority communities. on Voter the Asian Pacific American Media 1994) and as President and Executive Narasaki has received numerous Coalition.Her efforts to improve Rights Director of the Asian American awards and honors including the AAPI representation in the media Justice League (1995-2012). Her National Asian Pacific American led to 20% increases in regular Since 2010, 21 states have enacted new voting leadership led to passage of stronger Bar Association Trailblazer Award restrictions which disproportionately impact and recurring AAPI characters on hate crimes and voting rights laws (1994), the U.S. Department of African American and Hispanic voters. network television. and helped defeat legislation that Justice Citizen Volunteer Service Award (2000), and the Congressional In 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court gutted section 5 would erode the family immigration In 2014, President Barack Obama Black Caucus Chair's Award (2005). of the Voting Rights Act making it more difficult system. She also helped ensure a appointed Narasaki to serve as Washingtonian Magazine named to challenge voting rights violations. more accurate counting of Asian a Commissioner on the U.S. American and Pacific Islanders in Commission on Civil Rights. Karen Narasaki one of "the 100 most the U.S. Census and ensured that This eight-member bi-partisan powerful women in Washington, D.C." four separate times.

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Women’s Military Answering Her Country's Call Service in WWII

During World War II more than 400,000 women Oveta Culp Hobby WACs were volunteers, and Hobby served in the US military. 1905 - 1995 often had to fight to get resources WWII Director of the Women’s Army and recognition for the Corps. Serving in nearly all non-combat stateside roles Auxiliary Corps and first Secretary Challenging all gender norms, and in all military branches WACs in the Army, of the US Department of Health, the Corps faced opposition from WAVES in the Navy, SPARs in the Coast Guard, Education, and Welfare both the public and male service WASPs in the Army Air Force, and the Marine Corps Women’s Reserve. members, but as they freed up more Oveta Culp Hobby was a pioneer men for combat the women quickly military leader who helped define proved their worthiness. At the end Women also served as nurses in the Army, Navy, women’s initial role in the Army of Colonel Hobby’s tenure, WACs and Public Health Corps and served at home, overseas, and on hospital ships. during World War II. She served as filled 239 different army positions, the first commanding officer of the more than four times initial estimates. Many notable women championed women’s Women’s Army Corps (WAC), was military service including First Lady Eleanor Colonel Hobby was awarded the first Secretary of the Department and then publisher of the Houston Roosevelt, Jackie Cochran, Nancy Love (famous the Distinguished Service Medal of Health, Education and Welfare, Post. Hobby helped her husband run female pilots), and Margaret Chung (first known in 1945. After the war, she was and was the Chairperson of the the Post for 10 years before moving American-born Chinese female physician). appointed the first Secretary of the Board of the Houston Post. to Washington, D.C. to work as Department of Health, Education, the head of the War Department’s Congresswoman Edith Nourse Rogers (R MA) After receiving her law degree from and Welfare, a position that she introduced legislation creating the women’s the University of Texas in 1925, she Women’s Interest Section. held until 1955. She later returned military units and fought for their equal pay worked as Parliamentarian for the In 1942, Hobby became the first to publishing and broadcasting and benefits. Texas House of Representatives and, Director of the newly-formed as president and editor of the in 1930, was appointed the assistant Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps, Houston Post, and as director of the Top generals and military leaders recognized to the City Attorney of Houston, TX. later the Women’s Army Corps, Corporation for Public Broadcasting. the success and efficiency of the women’s A year later, she married William P. under which more than 150,000 Oveta Culp Hobby died in 1995 in military units, but many male soldiers started Hobby, a former Governor of Texas women served. For the first year all Houston, TX. smear campaigns to discredit the program by labeling women in the military as lesbians and prostitutes. Multiple investigations found these allegations to be completely false and confirmed that criminal activity among the Her major and lasting contribution women’s service units was significantly lower Dorothy C. Stratton to the Coast Guard was the than among male service members. development of the SPAR program, After unsuccessful attempts to militarize the 1899 - 2006 which allowed women to join the WASPs by guaranteeing equal pay, rank, and WWII Director of the SPARS (Coast Coast Guard for the first time in benefits, the program disbanded in December Guard Women’s Reserve) and history. Enlistment in the program 1944. More than 1,000 women pilots were Executive Director of the Girl Scouts grew rapidly in a short span of time; sent home with a thank you but no official of the USA during the remaining years of the war more than 10,000 enlisted, and recognition. Dorothy C. Stratton was a trailblazer 1,000 officers served their country throughout her career, but is perhaps through this program. By 1944, one All military records of the program remained best known for being Director of out of every 15 persons enlisted in classified (making their contributions little SPARS, the United States Coast the Coast Guard was a woman. known or researched) until 1977 when Guard Women’s Reserve during President Carter signed legislation granting After the war, Stratton became the World War II. Prior to joining the WASPs full military status. The other U.S. Navy after President Franklin first Director of Personnel at the the military, Stratton was Purdue women’s service units reduced their numbers Roosevelt signed the amendment International Monetary Fund, serving significantly at the end of WWII. University’s first full-time Dean creating a women’s reserve in that capacity until 1950. She then of Women (1933 -1940). When program. After completing her went on to become the National Stratton greatly expanded the On June 30, 1948, President Truman signed initial training, she was assigned as Executive Director of the Girl Scouts female curriculum beyond Home The Women's Armed Services Integration the Assistant to the Commanding of America, remaining in that Act into law incorporating the women’s service Economics, female enrollment at Officer of the Radio School for position for ten years before retiring organizations fully into their respective Purdue nearly tripled. She was made enlisted WAVES (Women Accepted in 1960. In 2001, the Coast Guard military branches. a full professor in 1940, but took a for Voluntary Emergency Service) Women’s Leadership Association leave of absence in 1942 to enter at Madison, WI. On November named the “Captain Dorothy Stratton The WACs remained active through 1978 when the armed forces. 14, 1942, she transferred to the Leadership Award" in her honor. women were finally integrated into normal Stratton was the first woman to U.S. Coast Guard and became the Dorothy Stratton died in 2006, at the Army service. be accepted for service in the director of the Women’s Reserve. age of 107.

www.nwhp.org 13 National Women’s History Project Working to Form A More Perfect Union

Milestones and Accomplishments Fighting For Our Constitutional Rights of Puerto Rican Women Isabel González New York. The court ruled against Women’s Suffrage: Puerto Rican women won the González, affirming her status as right to vote in 1929, but the right was restricted 1882 - 1971 an alien. The case of González to women who could read and write. Suffrage Champion of Puerto Ricans v Williams was heard before the expanded to all adult Puerto Rican women in 1935. Securing American Citizenship U.S. Supreme Court in 1903; Forced Sterilization: Motivated by population the court ruled only partially in control and economic concerns, a 1937 Puerto Isabel González was a Puerto Rican González’ favor, finding that Puerto Rican law made sterilization legal and free to the woman who fought for 15 years to Ricans should not be treated as Island’s women. Forced sterilization campaigns ensure full U.S. citizenship rights for aliens, but still not granting them ensued; door to door health workers promoted all Puerto Ricans. full citizenship. Her case was sterilization, employers showed favoritism to The United States acquired the first time the Supreme Court sterilized women, and Puerto Rican women simply considered the matter of residents did not have access to or knowledge of safe and Puerto Rico from Spain in 1898 promising dignity to it’s people. of U.S. territories having full U.S. reversible birth control alternatives. By 1968, a family vouched for her at multiple citizenship. study found more than one-third of Puerto Rican Isabel González left Puerto Rico hearings, confirming they had the women were sterilized, a rate 10 times higher than in 1902, with plans to meet family Isabel González secretly married in financial means to support her and that in the mainland U.S. Local women’s groups, and wed the father of her yet-to- 1903, gaining citizenship through Puerto Rican independence groups, and mainland be-born child in New York. While her child and that she would not her marriage. Still she continued her feminists all joined forces to fight against forced she was enroute, the U.S. tightened become a government burden, but campaign for all Puerto Ricans to sterilization, and by the late 1970's the practice immigration restrictions on Puerto the authorities refused to release her gain U.S. citizenship by publishing finally ended. Ricans and upon arrival her ship from detention. countless letters in the New York was sent to Ellis Island, where she Her uncle, drawing on political Times. The issue was finally resolved Celebrating Women’s Accomplishments and and many others were labeled connections, acquired a lawyer in 1917, when Congress passed and Contributions: In 1976 the Legislative Assembly aliens. González was additionally and seven weeks later Gonzales' President Woodrow Wilson signed of Puerto Rico passed a law declaring March 2 targeted as a feared “ward of the the Jones-Shafroth Act, granting all International Women’s Day. In 2004, the second case was heard before the Circuit week of March was declared Women’s Week. state” because of her pregnancy. Her Court for the Southern District of Puerto Ricans American citizenship.

Milestones in LGBT Rights 2000 - 2015 Nadine Smith ballot measures and to overturn Florida’s ban on adoption by gay 2000 Vermont becomes the first state to 1965 - Present and lesbian parents. Smith is an legalize civil unions and registered partnerships Civil Rights Activist and Executive outspoken advocate for hate crimes between same-sex couples. Director of Equality Florida and bullying legislation. In 2008, 2003 The U.S. Supreme Court rules that state Nadine Smith is a national leader Equality Florida’s efforts led to sodomy laws are unconstitutional (Lawrence v. in LGBT rights activism. She is passage of a state anti-bullying law Texas). Executive Director of Equality that spurred school districts across 2004 Massachusetts becomes the first state to Florida and was executive director Florida to add sexual orientation legalize gay marriage. of its predecessor organization, and gender identity to their bullying 2009 President Obama signs a Presidential the Human Rights Task Force. As a policies. Memorandum allowing same-sex partners of lobbyist, activist, and leader Smith Smith has been recognized for her federal employees to receive limited benefits. works tirelessly to improve the national and state leadership by president, President Bill Clinton, in 2009 The Matthew Shepard Act is signed into lives of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and organizations including the National the White House. law expanding federal hate crimes law to cover Transgender Americans. Gay and Lesbian Task Force, the crimes motivated by a victim’s (actual or perceived) Smith began her activism in Smith served four terms as co-chair Human Rights Campaign, the gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, and college, and in 1986 she served of the Equality Federation and served National Center for Lesbian Rights, disability. on the founding board of the as a member of the Democratic and the National Black Lesbian and 2011 Don’t Ask Don’t Tell (the 1993 law banning International Gay and Lesbian Youth National Committee. Executive Gay Leadership Forum. A former gay and lesbian individuals from openly serving in Organization. She served as one of Director of Equality Florida since the award-winning journalist, she has the military) is repealed. four national co-chairs on the 1993 organization’s inception in 1997, written syndicated columns for 2013 In United States v. Windsor the U.S. March on Washington, coordinating Smith has led advocacy efforts in various LGBT and general audience Supreme Court rules that legally married same-sex national and international media Florida at the state level at a time publications. In 2013, Nadine Smith couples are entitled to federal benefits. coverage, and took part in the of unprecedented attacks on the was named by the Florida Diversity 2015 U.S. Supreme Court legalizes gay marriage historic, first-ever meeting between LGBT community. She led efforts to Council as one of the "Most Powerful in all 50 states (Obergerfell v. Hodges). LGBT leaders and a sitting U.S. stop discriminatory legislation and and Influential Women" in Florida.

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Women Leaders Safe and Welcoming Schools for All in School Integration Daisy Gatson Bates school board announced plans to Girls and women were at the forefront of school commence desegregation at Central integration. They faced harassment from other 1912 - 1999 High School, Bates worked with students, harsher discipline from teachers and Civil Rights Organizer, Leader of the the chosen nine African American administrators, and their families were often Little Rock School Integration students, guiding and advising threatened with violence. them as they made their attempts to 1954 Constance Baker Motley wrote the Daisy Gatson Bates was a journalist enter the school. On September 25, original complaint in Brown v. Board of Education and Civil Rights activist who President Dwight Eisenhower sent which challenged segregated schools famously facilitated the 1957 1,000 U.S. Army paratroopers to 1956 Autherine Lucy the first African American integration of public schools in Little enforce the integration of the school, student admitted to any public university in Rock, Arkansas. Growing up in and Bates and the students were Alabama. southern Arkansas during the early escorted and finally able, after many 1957 Six of the Little Rock 9 students were 20th century, Bates experienced failed attempts, to safely enter the female: Elizabeth Eckford, Carlotta Walls, first hand the poor conditions and school. Minnijean Brown, Gloria Ray, Thelma discrimination of the segregated affected the black residents of the In 1962, Bates published her Mothershed, and Melba Pattillo. school system. She spent her state, and often reported incidents of autobiography, “The Long Shadow 1960 Six-year-old Ruby Bridges became the entire adult life standing up to police brutality. Because the Bates’ of Little Rock.” The following year first African American child to attend an all white physical threats and other forms of refused to censor the details of these she was the only woman selected elementary school in Louisiana. Many white intimidation in order to champion brutalities, many white businesses to speak at the 1963 March on students and teachers refused to attend school causes of racial equality. boycotted advertising in their Washington. She went on to with her, and only Barbara Henry, a new teacher newspaper. In 1941, Daisy Gatson married work for the Democratic National from Boston, agreed to stay and teach Bridges one- L.C. Bates, and moved with him to In 1952, Bates was elected Committee’s voter education drive on-one. Little Rock where she helped him President of the Arkansas Branch and for President Lyndon Johnson’s 1963 Vivian Malone and James Hood were run a weekly newspaper called of the NAACP. In that role she led anti-poverty programs. When Daisy famously physically blocked from enrolling at the The Arkansas State Press. The the protest against the Little Rock Gatson Bates died in 1999, more University of Alabama by Governor George Wallace. newspaper focused on social and School Board’s plan for gradual than 2,000 guests attended her Malone went on to become the school’s first African American graduate. economic issues that particularly integration. In 1957, after the memorial service in Little Rock, AR.

Green (D-Oregon), who assembled Since the Bernice Sandler the first Congressional hearings on Enactment of sex discrimination in education and 1928 – Present employed Sandler as an expert. From Title IX in 1977 Women’s Rights Activist, there the idea for a law banning sex “Godmother of Title IX” • It is illegal to deny women admission to any discrimination in federally-funded college or university based on sex. Women now Bernice (Bunny) Sandler is a education programs was born. Co- account for more than half of all college students. women’s rights activist, best known sponsored by Congresswoman Patsy • School administrators cannot dictate career for her groundbreaking work Mink (D-Hawaii), Title IX passed two education (formerly home economics for girls and fighting sexual harassment and years later and was signed into law shop for boys) based on sex. by President Richard Nixon in 1972. discrimination on college campuses. • It is illegal to expel studentsshe she is pregnant Labeled the “Godmother of Title Title IX immediately ended overt or parenting. IX,” Sandler both led efforts for the sex discrimination in educational • Women cannot be denied faculty positions legislation’s enactment and became admissions and hiring practices. But based on sex. a national expert on the law’s on sex, it excluded educational in 1974, Sandler and others realized • Schools have a legal obligation to prevent and implementation. institutions. Determined to legally that the law could also cover fight collegiate sexism, Sandler respond to any reported sexual harassment or Despite holding a doctorate degree, discrimination in scholastic athletics, used an obscure Executive Order, misconduct. Sandler was unable to obtain a full- ending a system in which women’s issued in 1968 by President • Best known for its impact on women’s athletics, time faculty position because of the programs were rarely funded or even Lyndon Johnson prohibiting Title IX greatly increased athletic opportunities for institutional sexism facing women offered. The law has more recently sex discrimination by federal women from primary school to higher education. in academia. In the1960s.women been used to better address sexual contractors, to file the first federal Female athletic offerings, facilities, budgets, and held more terminal degrees than violence on campus. Through her sex discrimination lawsuits against scholarships have all greatly expanded as a result ever before, yet female professors long career Bunny Sandler has of Title IX. every college with federal contracts, written three books and more than were routinely denied faculty jobs In all of these ways Title IX has worked to greatly about 250 in all. 100 articles, given more than 2,500 and tenure. Although Title VII of the increase women’s self-confidence and reduce presentations, and served as a media Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited Dr. Sandler’s lawsuit got the gender stereotypes associated with women in discrimination in employment based attention of Congresswoman Edith expert on sex discrimination in academics and athletics. education.

www.nwhp.org 15 National Women’s History Project Working to Form A More Perfect Union

National Parks Telling Our Authentic Stories Honoring Women Judy Hart legislation to establish the Women’s Rights National Historical Park, Women’s Rights National Historical Park in 1941 - Present becoming the first superintendent Seneca Falls, NY tells the story of the first Women’s National Park Founding upon its inception in 1980. Rights Convention in 1848. Visit the Wesleyan Superintendent of Rosie the Riveter Before retiring in 2005, Hart became Chapel where the meeting was held and explore World War II Home Front National exhibits covering 150 years of the women’s rights the first superintendent of the Rosie Historical Park and Women’s Rights movement. the Riveter/World War II Home National Historical Park Front National Park in Richmond, Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front CA, and was instrumental in making National Historical Park in Richmond, CA Judy Hart is a civic activist and the park a reality. Prior to becoming recognizes the contributions of American industry consultant whose 27-year career in the war effort, focusing especially on the role of Superintendent, Hart coordinated with the U.S. National Park Service women and African Americans. the study for the new park, which (NPS) and other seminal work is dedicated to recognizing the vital First Ladies National Historic Site in Canton, has helped legitimize and raise NPS in 1976, working both in contributions that women made on OH commemorates all first ladies and is located in awareness of women’s history in Washington, D.C. and the Boston the home front during World War II. the Ida Saxton McKinley historic home. America. area. She helped establish the Marsh Over 9,000 Rosies have contributed Maggie L Walker National Historic Site in After receiving a graduate degree Billings National Historical Park, their stories to the park, and more Richmond, VA tells the story of the first woman in Law from Goddard College, Hart the Mary McLeod Bethune National than 2,000 have donated their bank president in the country. began her career in publishing. Historic Site, the Petroglyphs personal items and mementos for Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site in After working as an editor at Little, National Monument, along with safekeeping of the Park. Hyde Park, NY memorializes the first lady's home Brown and Company, Hart went other park units. During her tenure Through Judy Hart’s tireless efforts, following the death of FDR. on to work for the Federal Highway at NPS Hart also became the first the stories and experiences of Administration on Environmental Clara Barton National Historic Site in Glen National Program Coordinator for countless women across the country Impact Statement reviews, later Echo, MD tells the story of the founder of the the National Heritage Areas. now have a place to be physically American Red Cross. becoming the Director of the Bureau Judy Hart moved to Seneca Falls, recognized and honored by the of Relocation for Massachusetts. Mary McLeod Bethune Council House NY, and after initially suggesting public through our National Park National Historic Site in Washington, DC Hart began her career with the the idea, worked on the study and system. commemorates this civil rights leader and founder of the National Council of Negro Women.

Suzan Shown Harjo Act. From 1984-1989, Harjo served National as Executive Director of the National Parks 1945 - Present Congress of American Indians, where Honoring Native American Public Policy she continued to fight for the return Advocate and Journalist of Native lands. She also successfully Native secured increases in appropriations Americans Suzan Shown Harjo is a Native toward Native American education American activist whose 50- programs. year career includes work in The lives and lands of Native Americans are journalism, poetry, curating, and Throughout her career, Harjo has recognized and celebrated at over 100 of the 400 policy advocacy. Descended from spoken out against negative and National Park Service sites, some celebrating stereotypical portrayals of Native the unique landscapes once populated Cheyenne and Hodulgee Muscogee Americans in movies and on by Native Americans and others specifically Nations, her accomplishments present Native artifacts. Harjo has television. A leader in efforts to commemorating tribes and people’s lives. Notable include helping Native peoples sites include: regain more than one million acres continued working with museums remove negative Native names of tribal lands. throughout her career, including and images from sports teams; by Effigy Mounds National Monument in Iowa, working with the Smithsonian 2013 her public campaigns had and Hopewell Culture National Historical Park Harjo’s activism dates back to the National Museum of the American succeeded in more than two-thirds in Ohio, feature hundreds of prehistoric mounds mid 1960s when she co-produced Indian, which opened in 2004. of teams moving away from Indian and burial grounds built by Native Americans. the nation’s first Native American In the 1970s Harjo and her husband mascots. In 1984, Harjo founded the Mesa Verde National Park and Hovenweep news radio show. It was also around moved to Washington, D.C. Morning Star Institute in memory of National Monument in CO both preserve the this time that Harjo began her work where, after a few years working her late husband. Still serving as the villages and homes of Ancestral Puebloans. with museums, first working with as a legislative assistant, she was organization’s president today, Harjo Knife River Indian Villages National Historic the Museum of the American Indian appointed Congressional liaison for continues to promote sacred land Site in ND protects the historic and archaeological in New York, where she helped Indian Affairs by President Jimmy claims and traditional cultural rights. remains of Northern Plains Indians. return sacred garments to their tribes Carter. Her tireless lobbying efforts In 2014, Suzan Shown Harjo received and helped the museum change led to the 1978 passage of the the Presidential Medal of Freedom its policies to more respectfully American Indian Religious Freedom from President Barack Obama.

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Expanding Expanding Women's Employment Opportunities Opportunities for Women in Nancy Grace Roman work including conducting science programs in underserved the Sciences 1925 - Present Washington, D.C. schools. During the late 19th century the growth in Chief of Astronomy at NASA Nancy Grace Roman’s career women’s colleges greatly increased opportunities was groundbreaking not only for women to both study and teach science. By the Nancy Grace Roman is an as a woman scientist, but also early 20th century women found opportunities astronomer and was the in her research discoveries and in studying botany, embryology, psychology, and first women executive at the home economics (applying chemistry to nutrition). the programs she created. She National Aeronautics and Space Women’s scientific opportunities increased during discovered the first clues to the Administration (NASA). Roman is WWII; many women worked on the Manhattan evolution of the Milky Way galaxy, known as the “Mother of Hubble” project and other scientific projects for the military, mapped the sky at 67 centimeters, for her contributions to establishing ranging from measuring the impact of weather on and helped improve the accuracy the Hubble Space Telescope. in 1949. Roman stayed at the combat to early computer programming. Women’s of measurements to the distance of Throughout her career Roman has University for six years working as educational and career opportunities have the moon. At NASA Roman led a slowly increased since WWII; gender stereotypes been an outspoken advocate for a researcher and instructor, but left program that launched more than prevented many women from studying science women in the sciences. due to the limited opportunities for 20 satellites and three orbiting solar and women scientists faced employment women. Roman showed interest and talent observatories. Roman laid the early discrimination. National Science Foundation in the sciences from an early age, Dr. Roman worked at the Naval groundwork for the Hubble Space research confirms that after controlling for age, but like many women of her time Research Laboratory before being Telescope, setting the program’s experience, and education, discrimination remains she was discouraged by teachers hired by newly-formed NASA structure, recruiting astronomers, the only explanation for poor positions and lower salaries earned by women and minorities in the at all levels who thought women in1959 to create the organization’s and lobbying Congress to fund it. sciences. The Association for Women in Science was were not suited to study science. space astronomy program. Roman Roman’s many awards and honors founded in 1971 to address job discrimination and Roman persevered, receiving a worked at NASA for 21 years and include The Federal Woman’s Award lower pay for women scientists. Since then there Bachelor's degree in astronomy then rorked as a consultant for (1962), NASA’s Exceptional Scientific has been a steady increase in efforts to empower from Swarthmore College in 1946, companies that contracted with Achievement Award (1969), and the girls and women in the sciences. and completing a PhD in astronomy NASA. She fully retired in 1997, NASA fellowship in astrophysics is from the University of Chicago and began extensive volunteer named in her honor.

Expanding Sonia Pressman Fuentes Women’s Employment who entered the work force in the 1928 - Present EEOC & NOW NOW Co-founder, First woman second half of the 20th century. attorney in the Office of the General Fuentes was also one of the Prior to the 1960s most laws regulating women Counsel at the EEOC original founders of the National in the workplace were protectionist, but in effect the laws often gave employers an excuse to Organization for Women (NOW) as Sonia Pressman Fuentes is a lawyer, either not hire women or to pay them much less. well as the advocacy group Federally author, speaker and a pioneering The Equal Pay Act of 1963 and Title VII of the Civil Employed Women (FEW). In 1998 feminist leader who fought for Rights Act of 1964 were the first laws prohibiting she published a memoir “Eat First – women’s equality in the work force workplace discrimination based on sex, but both You Don’t Know What They’ll Give and helped initiate the Second Wave had limitations. The EEOC was formed in 1964 You: The Adventures of an Immigrant of the Women’s Rights Movement. and within five years received over 50,000 sex Family and Their Feminist Daughter”. discrimination complaints. Fuentes was born in 1928 in Fuentes has also served on the Sex-Segregated Want Ads: In 1967 NOW started Berlin, Germany. She immigrated federal employment discrimination advisory committees of Veteran lobbying the EEOC to end this sexist practice. The to the U.S. as a child to escape the laws. While there, she became Feminists of America (VFA) and the EEOC ruled the practice illegal in 1968 and in 1973 Holocaust, arriving in New York the staff person responsible for Longboat Key Education Center. the Supreme Court ruled sex-segregated want ads with her parents and brother in articulating and enforcing the Fuentes has dedicated her whole life unconstitutional. 1934. In 1957 Fuentes graduated EEOC’s interpretation of the sex into making equal rights in the work Ending Restrictive Labor Laws: In 1965 Lorena first in her class from the University discrimination prohibitions of Title force, as well as in other arenas of Weeks filed a complaint with the EEOC after of Miami School of Law. VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. society, a reality rather than just a being denied a promotion based on a Georgia She was the first woman attorney As the person who created many promise. A key pioneer during the law prohibiting women from lifting more than 30 in the General Council's Office at of the initial landmark guides and Second Wave of the women’s rights pounds. Losing on multiple appeals, she finally the Equal Employment Opportunity decisions of the EEOC, Fuentes movement, the enduring impact of won in the U.S. Court of Appeals in 1972. The Commission (EEOC), a government played an extremely significant role her work is still evident today. case marked the first victory for NOW and laid the agency dedicated to enforcing in increasing the number of women groundwork for ending restrictive labor laws.

www.nwhp.org 17 National Women’s History Project Working to Form A More Perfect Union

Native American Building Healthy Communities

Women Health the seat of Seminole Tribe of Florida Leaders Betty Mae Tiger Jumper Chairman and won, becoming the first elected female tribal chief in Historically Native Americans tribal healers (known 1923 - 2001 the U.S. During her tenure (1967- colloquially as medicine men and women) used First Woman Chairman of the 1971) she created the initial United traditional medicine and treatments. Some tribes Seminole Tribe and Public Health Southeastern Tribes (USET) coalition, believed that women had special healing powers, in Leader which today consists of more than others, men and women served equally as healers. 26 tribes, and works at the regional Betty Mae Tiger Jumper was a and federal level on health and In the 1920s and 1930s the federal government Seminole woman who worked her educational efforts. Additionally, created a field nursing program to provide health entire life to better the livelihood Tiger Jumper managed to financially education for Native Americans. The field nurses, and commemorate the traditions mostly women, traveled by car, paddle or wagon rescue the nearly bankrupt tribe of her tribe. During her long career to reach isolated areas to provide preventative care, through a variety of efforts, including such as vaccines, and educational programs in first she became the first woman to leasing Seminole lands to US aid, sanitation and infant care. be elected Chief of a federally highways and citrus growers. recognized tribe, integrated modern school in Cherokee, NC. and was In addition to her political work, By the mid 1930s many Native American women medicine into the community, the first Florida Seminole to learn to Betty Mae encouraged Seminole oral began attending nursing school; after three years and insured the endurance of read and write English and graduate history preservation, and particularly training in women’s health, pediatrics, medicine, the traditions and oral history of from high school. She trained as stressed the importance of young surgery, and field nursing the students graduated the Seminole Tribe through the a nurse and upon returning home people learning and honoring and returned to their tribes as public health leaders. publication of two books and the she traveled between various their history. She founded the first creation of the Seminole Indian reservations, bringing her knowledge In the late 1960s the Indian Health Service created Seminole newspaper, and used it News. of modern medicine with her. the Community Health Representative program as a way to publish and distribute which today employs more than 1,400 Native As a young girl, Betty Mae Tiger In 1967, after working as Vice Chair Seminole stories. Betty Mae Tiger Americans from 250 tribes as health promoters was eager to be educated. Speaking and with the encouragement of Jumper’s work not only improved within their own communities. only Creek and Miccosukee at age fellow tribal women, Tiger Jumper the well-being of thousands, but also 14, she entered the Indian boarding ran against three male opponents for helped ensure the legacy of her tribe

Catholic Sister Mary Madonna Ashton Sisters and started a nationwide movement. She also addressed a growing AIDS Public Health 1923 - Present epidemic, forcing the closure of Public Health Leader and bathhouses where the disease was Leaders Minnesota Commissioner of Health spread and instituting mandatory protections of the community’s From the early 1800’s Catholic sisters have played Sister Mary Madonna Ashton, CSJ, blood supply. a significant role in the fields of nursing and public has an impressive Minnesota-based health. career in public and private service. After her term, she founded St. She served as president and CEO of Mary’s Health Clinics for people During the Civil War, Catholic nuns worked as nurses, St. Mary’s Hospital in Minneapolis, without access to healthcare. tending to Civil war soldiers, in both the North and State Commissioner of Health under The free clinics, run by volunteer South. Governor Perpich, and founded St. physicians and nurses, still serve the Twin Cities metropolitan area. Between 1866 and 1926 Catholic sisters opened Mary’s Health Clinics. of Health. Despite tremendous The first temporary clinic opened in more than 500 hospitals and created nursing schools, Sister Ashton holds a Masters of greatly professionalizing the field. Catholic sisters opposition (she was not a physician, January of 1992. By the time Sister Hospital Administration from the traveled west as pioneers and opened schools and she was a woman and a nun!) Sister Ashton retired in 2000, SMHC had University of Minnesota, and a hospitals in rural areas. Ashton served as Commissioner 11 clinics. Masters of Science in Social Work of Health from 1983-1991, For her lifetime of public health In the 1960s following Vatican II, many American from St. Louis University. She successfully addressing smoking service, Sister Ashton has received nuns stopped wearing the habit and went to work worked in medical social work and cessation and AIDS prevention. in private healthcare or local and state health hospital administration, ultimately honorary doctorate degrees from The commissions. serving as president and CEO at St. Sister Ashton helped pass landmark College of St. Catherine (1996) and Mary’s Hospital in Minneapolis from legislation outlawing smoking Hamline University (1997). Mary The numbers of American nuns have decreased 1962-1982. The following year she in public places and on public Madonna Ashton is a Sister of St. significantly over the past 30 years, but the Catholic was contacted by then Minnesota property. Testifying for days against Joseph of Carondelet, although she is sisters still remain leaders in their commitment to Governor-Elect Rudy Perpich who the tobacco industry, her success retired she remains an active leader social justice and public health in particular. asked her to serve as Commissioner on behalf of the state of Minnesota in her faith community.

18 707-636-2888 Honoring Women in Public Service & Government 2016

Timeline of Elected Women Leaders Women’s Firsts in U.S. Ella Tambussi Grasso As governor Grasso had to make many challenging and unpopular Government 1919 - 1981 decisions, but her commitment Governor of Connecticut, First to creating a more effective * Denotes previous NWHP honoree Woman Governor of any US State government, balancing the budget, Elected in Her Own Right 1887 Susanna Salter first woman mayor and adhering to the democratic (Argonia Kansas). process proved fruitful and she Ella Grasso was the first woman 1892 won the admiration and trust of her Laura Eisenhuth first woman to win a elected governor of a U.S. state in statewide election (North Dakota’s Superinten- constituents. She led CT through her own right, serving as Governor dent of Public Instruction). tough economic times, making of Connecticut from 1974 through controversial cuts but also attracting 1894 Colorado elects first 3 women legislators 1980. Grasso’s political career new industries and companies to the (Clara Cressingham, Carrie Holly, and Frances spanned over 45 years and she won state, and the state economy steadily Klock). all ten elections she ever ran in. The improved under her leadership. 1896 Martha Hughes Cannon first woman daughter of Italian immigrants, Ella elected State Senator (Utah). Tambussi gained a commitment to Ella Grasso is remembered as a 1917 Jeannette Rankin first woman elected public service at her alma mater State in 1958, she was reelected trailblazing woman and a champion to U.S. Congress (Montana). Mount Holyoke College. After twice and served in this role until of marginalized groups including serving as a speechwriter for the 1970. In 1970 Grasso won election minorities, women, young people, 1922 Soledad Chacon first Latina elected to statewide office (New Mexico Secretary of State) Connecticut Democratic Party as a US Representative and served 2 the elderly, and the working class. during the 1940s, Grasso first ran terms in the United State House of Many believed Grasso would go on 1925 Cora Reynolds Anderson first Native for elected office in 1952 and won Representatives. Grasso then won to serve in a national leadership role American woman elected to a state legislature a seat in the Connecticut General election as CT Governor in 1974 such as Vice President or cabinet (Michigan). Assembly. Serving in the CT and was reelected to a second term. member. Sadly Grasso’s career 1925 Nellie Taylor Ross first woman governor Assembly until 1959, she became Grasso resigned in 1980 after being and lifelong commitment to public (elected to fill her late husband’s role, Wyoming) the first woman elected Floor Leader diagnosed with terminal ovarian service were cut short by her illness. 1928 Minnie Buckingham Harper first in 1955. Elected CT Secretary of cancer. African American woman in a state legislature (appointed to fill the remainder of her husband’s term, West Virginia). 1933 Minnie Craig first woman Speaker of the House for a state (North Dakota). 1933* Frances Perkins first woman cabinet Barbara Mikulski member (appointed Secretary of Labor by President Roosevelt). Democratic woman Senator elected 1936 – Present in her own right. She was re–elected 1938 Crystal Bird Fauset first African Longest Serving Woman in the with large majorities in 1992, 1998, American woman elected to a state legislature (Pennsylvania). United States Congress 2004 and 2010. 1955 Consuelo Bailey first woman Lieuten- A leader in the Senate, Mikulski is ant Governor of any US state (Vermont). Barbara Mikulski is the Senior the Dean of the Women – serving as Senator from Maryland representing a mentor to other women Senators 1965 Lorna Lockwood first woman Chief the Democratic Party. Starting and working to form bipartisan Justice of a state supreme court (Arizona). her career as a social worker, In coalitions. On January 5, 2011, 1965* Patsy Mink first woman of color and Congress Mikulski has championed Mikulski became the longest serving first Asian American woman elected to the U.S. such efforts as equal pay, a woman’s woman Senator in U.S. history and Congress (Hawaii). right to choose, improving health on March 17, 2012 she became the 1968* Shirley Chisholm first African American care for and medical research on plan to build a 16–lane highway longest–serving woman in the history woman elected to the U.S. Congress (New York). women, and subsidizing child-care through the heart of Baltimore. of the United States Congress. Of 1978 Nancy Kassebaum first woman elected for low-income families. these milestones, she says, “It’s not Mikulski used her community to a full term in the U.S. Senate in her own right about how long I serve, but about Mikulski earned a master’s of social activism momentum to win her (Kansas). how well I serve my state and my work degree from the University of first election to the Baltimore City 1981* Sandra Day O’Connor first woman nation.” Maryland in 1965 and returned to Council in 1971. After serving appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court. her hometown of Baltimore to work Baltimore for five years, Mikulski In November 2015, Mikulski 1984 Arlene Violet first woman elected state with at–risk children and educate won her first Congressional received the Presidential Medal of Attorney General (Rhode Island). seniors about Medicare. Her work campaign in 1976, representing Freedom from President Obama. 1984 Geraldine Ferraro first woman Vice soon evolved into community Maryland’s 3rd district for the next Senator Barbara Mikulski will retire Presidential candidate of a major political party. activism when she successfully 10 years. In 1986, Mikulski ran for after finishing her fifth Senate term in organized communities against a Senate and won, becoming the first December 2016. 1985* Wilma Mankiller first woman elected Chief of the Cherokee Nation.

www.nwhp.org 19 National Women’s History Project Working to Form A More Perfect Union

What is Congress Doing?

August 26, 2020 will be the August 26 recognizes women winning political liberty 144 100th Anniversary of women in the United States winning years later. THE TRIUMPH the right to vote. How will the enfranchisement OF THE AMERICAN This centennial offers of half the nation be WOMAN SUFFRAGE the perfect opportunity celebrated?

MOVEMENT to celebrate women's Are arrangements being achievement and broadcast made for Woman Suffrage the message of equality not Centennial Festivals, perhaps just to today's citizens but to there will be a grand parade people throughout the world. on Pennsylvania Avenue with This centennial is a pivotal marching bands from schools

example of the ability of a throughout the country? democracy to transform itself Has Congress designated by empowering it citizens. While Equality Day (August funding for celebrating the 26th) celebrates passage of Centennial of Woman Suffrage Fantastic - Prof. Ellen Carol DuBois votes for women in the United as it has for all the other Excellent - Dr. Dianne Atkinson States, it also recognizes the important centennials and Visually rich - Library Journal critical support of men that bicentennials that our nation Comprehensive - Midwest Book Review made this a mutual victory has recognized? Lively and dramatic - Michigan and shining example of Call Women's Forum your Congressional cooperation and success. representative today and ask

True equality doesn't just what they are planning and exist in the home or voting how you might participate. booth. It is reflected in our Let’s get them moving! Please email the National Women’s institutions, our communities, and our national holidays. Just History Project (nwhp@nwhp. as the 4th of July celebrates org) with any information you get so that we can share it with winning independence from England in 1776, the Women’s History Alliance.

Join the Women's History

Alliance by registering on our

website www.nwhp.org

 960 color and black & white images  Illustrated profiles of 76 suffragists  Details of over 50 state campaigns

496 pages 9 x 11" Clothbound with Donate a copy gold embossed dust jacket and gold silk to your local library bookmark $ 85 Now on sale for $ 51 40% Special Presentation Edition $ 250 DISCOUNT* Order from the nwhp.org web store Visit AmericanGraphicPress.com *To make this amazing story available in community and school libraries, we are offering a 40% discount and personalized book plates acknowledging those who donated the book.

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