HapPy Holidays! The Newsletter of the Mackinac Center for Public Policy www.mackinac.org WintER 2011 An Evening With the Mackinac Center: Celebrating Policy Entrepreneurs

or practical reasons, politicians typically feel compelled to propose policies that are politicallyF acceptable to the public. For many pols, that’s an excuse to play it safe. This is sad, because politicians can still be entrepreneurs. Just as market entrepreneurs develop products that consumers never quite knew they wanted (think the iPad), political entrepreneurs can develop policies that voters Indiana Gov. Mitch Daniels addresses a crowd of nearly 600 at never quite knew they wanted. An Evening With the Mackinac Center. Enter Indiana Gov. Mitch Daniels, the of state lawmakers. Against the backdrop of a Mackinac Center’s keynote speaker on Nov. 14 beautifully decorated room and a beautifully in Lansing. Gov. Daniels, enthusiastically intro- served, Michigan-themed dinner, the assembly duced by Michigan Gov. Rick Snyder, headlined listened to thoughts on political boldness from an event that promoted policy entrepreneurial- ism in a Michigan market ripe for change. Govs. Snyder and Daniels, Mackinac Center President Joseph G. Lehman, and emcee and Nearly 600 people turned out to hear the message that evening at the Lansing Center, radio talk show host Frank Beckmann. Also including Michigan House Speaker James that night, four people were honored as models Bolger, Michigan Supreme Court Chief Justice of courage: policy entrepreneur and Mackinac Robert Young Jr., Michigan Supreme Court Center President Emeritus Lawrence W. Reed, Contents Justice Stephen Markman and a contingent see “Daniels Event,” Page 6 2 The Government Isn’t Santa

3 SEIU Scandal Center Analyst Leads Charge Against 3 Government Contract Database Obamacare Exchange in Michigan

5 Event Horizon: Exploring the State’s Future n a Sept. 14 “Special Message on Health and should create the exchange. Ostensibly, a state- Wellness,” Gov. Rick Snyder told a statewide established exchange would provide greater state 8 101 Years of Giving audience,I “I urge the Legislature to enact control of health care policy and bring more 8 Turning Old Years Into New legislation creating the MI Health Marketplace predictability to Michigan’s insurance marketplace before this Thanksgiving.” than waiting for the federal government to create 9 High School Debate Workshops News reports said little about this “health mar- an exchange for Michigan instead.

10 Free-Market ketplace,” but in fact it was big news: The proposed But from a broader policy perspective, this Fundamentals state-level health exchange would administer one of seemingly sensible argument was ultimately 10 Payne Cartoon Obamacare’s key elements — insurance subsidies imprudent and wrong — a point seen with 11 Supplies and Demand for individuals earning up to 400 percent of the compelling clarity by Mackinac Center Senior 11 Web Pick-Ups Take poverty level. This subsidy is the source of the law’s Legislative Analyst Jack McHugh. McHugh Center Stories National $1 trillion-plus cost over the next decade. drove this comprehensive view of the exchange 12 MERC Goes ‘Kafka’ on Even for those opposed to Obamacare, home through relentless original reporting and U-M Graduate Students there were rational arguments why the state see “Health Care Exchanges,” Page 4

“I don’t venture forth very often — stick to my knitting, stay in my lane — but the Mackinac Center is an organization that I’ve admired a long time, and I decided to make an exception for that.” — Indiana Gov. Mitch Daniels, explaining his willingness to speak at the Center’s event President’s Message Board of Directors D. Joseph Olson, Chairman Phil F. Jenkins Retired Senior Vice President Chairman, Sweepster Inc. and General Counsel, Amerisure Companies R. Douglas Kinnan Senior Vice President and CFO, Joseph G. Lehman, President Amerisure Insurance Government as Santa Mackinac Center for Public Policy Edward C. Levy Jr. Joseph J. Fitzsimmons President, Edw. C. Levy Co. Retired President, University Microfilms Rodney M. Lockwood Jr. hy is it that most people eventually abandon the President, Lockwood idea of Santa Claus … and yet so many never Dulce M. Fuller Construction Company, Inc. Owner, Woodward and Maple Joseph P. Maguire abandonW belief in an omnipotent government? Hon. Paul V. Gadola President, Retired U.S. District Court Judge Wolverine Development Corporation Santa Claus is magic. His toy sack never empties, he Kent B. Herrick President and CEO, Thermogy Richard D. McLellan Attorney, McLellan Law Offices traverses the globe faster than lightning, his reindeer never Richard G. Haworth Chairman Emeritus, tire, his elves never strike, and he’s never too fat for the Haworth, Inc. Joseph G. chimney. Awed by his powers, young kids approach the Jolly Lehman President One clutching wish lists that itemize the objects of their “unbridled avarice,” as a popular Christmas movie put it. Board of Scholars Dr. Donald Alexander Dr. Dale Matcheck And why not? Santa’s little supplicants are prodded by plenty of Western Michigan University Northwood University parental encouragement. No toy is beyond the ability of Santa’s elves to Dr. William Allen Dr. Paul McCracken Michigan State University University of Michigan (ret.) build. Nothing Santa gives to one child takes away from what he can give Dr. Thomas Bertonneau Charles Meiser to any other child. Plus Santa knows who’s been naughty or nice, so the Writer and Independent Scholar Lake Superior Dr. Brad Birzer State University (ret.) great toy distribution is bound to be fair in some cosmically satisfying Hillsdale College Glenn Moots Dr. Peter Boettke Northwood University way, with everyone getting what they deserve and probably a little bit George Mason University Dr. George Nastas III more. Who wouldn’t want to live in such a world? Dr. Theodore Bolema Marketing Consultants Anderson Economic Group Dr. John Pafford Too many adults treat government the way kids treat Santa. But Dr. Stephen Colarelli Northwood University government is not magic. Most adults expect government to provide at Central Michigan University Dr. Mark Perry Andrew Coulson University of Michigan - Flint least the basics of society like courts, police, defense, roads, mail, and Cato Institute Lawrence W. Reed Robert Crowner Foundation for Economic Education schools. Yet these so often seem beyond the reach of government that Eastern Michigan University (ret.) Gregory Rehmke we may seriously question whether some of them, like schools, should be Dr. Richard Cutler Economic Thinking/ University of Michigan (ret.) E Pluribus Unum Films entrusted to government at all. Dr. Jefferson Edgens Dr. Steve Safranek Ave Maria School of Law Many adults want government to cover everything under Santa’s Morehead State University Dr. David Felbeck Dr. Howard Schwartz flying sleigh. Their wish lists say, “subsidize my retirement, my big house, University of Michigan (ret.) Oakland University Dr. Burton Folsom Dr. Martha Seger a year’s worth of unemployment, my medicine, my college loans, my Hillsdale College Federal Reserve Board (ret.) electric car, my car company, my union, my bank, my bad decisions Dr. Wayland Gardner James Sheehan Western Michigan University (ret.) Deutsche Bank Securities in general, and my ethanol and solar companies.” But unlike Santa’s John Grether Rev. Robert Sirico Northwood University Acton Institute for the bottomless bag of toys, every subsidy government gives to someone must Study of Religion and Liberty Dr. Michael Heberling Baker College Dr. Bradley Smith be taken from someone else. For every happy kid there is another whose Capital University Law School Dr. Ormand Hook toy was ripped from his hands. Mecosta-Osceola Intermediate Dr. John Taylor School District Grand Valley State University Adults then may expect that only the deserving ones get the goodies, Robert Hunter Dr. Richard K. Vedder but the dilemma of fairness inherent in forced redistribution needs no Mackinac Center for Public Policy Ohio University Prof. Harry Hutchison Prof. Harry Veryser Jr. elaboration here. Let’s just say it takes a lot of magic government fairy Mason School of Law University of Detroit Mercy Dr. David Janda John Walter Jr. dust to make it all fair. Institute for Preventative Dow Corning Corporation (ret.) My point is not to ridicule those who want government to provide Sports Medicine Dr. William Wilson Annette Kirk Economic Consultant what they believe they deserve, which would be rude and especially out of Russell Kirk Center for Mike Winther Cultural Renewal Institute for Principle Studies season at holiday time. Rather, it is to confront the reality of an extremely David Littmann Dr. Gary Wolfram durable myth — government as Santa Claus — and to prevent belief in Mackinac Center for Public Policy Hillsdale College that fable from destroying our nation. Children may be sad to realize there’s no Santa, but Mom and Dad can usually ameliorate that disappointment. No one will rescue us when our collective “unbridled avarice” runs up a debt so high it can never be repaid. All the little children will be crying then. Belief in Santa is endearing in children. Belief in magic government is sad, tragic and destructive in adults. One of the greatest gifts we can give this holiday season is to help others confront the myth of magic government. By supporting the Mackinac Center, you are doing that, and I’m grateful. I 140 West Main Street, P.O. Box 568, Midland, Michigan 48640 989-631-0900, Fax 989-631-0964 www.mackinac.org [email protected]

Mackinac Center IMPACT is a quarterly publication of the Mackinac Center for Public Policy, a nonprofit, nonpartisan, tax-exempt research and educational institute classified under section 501(c)(3) of the IRS code. Michael D. Jahr Editor Daniel E. Montgomery Graphic Designer Mackinac Center IMPACT 2 Winter 2011 www.mackinac.org Family’s Forced Unionization Plight Draws National Attention

obert and Patricia Haynes are “We’re just parents taking care of like most parents in many ways. our kids,” Robert told CapCon. “We TheyR care deeply for their children sure could use that $30 a month that’s and keep a close eye on expenses being sent to the union.” while trying to provide what their son Robert told Fox Business News that and daughter need. The Hayneses calls to legislators for help have gone are unlike most parents, however, unheeded. The only help the family in other ways. Their adult children has received came from the Mackinac both suffer from cerebral palsy. “They Center, he said. During the interview, are basically 6-month-olds in adult Robert specifically mentioned Spencer Robert Haynes at home with his children during bodies,” Robert Haynes explains. And and Patrick Wright, director of the WJBK FOX 2 Detroit’s feature coverage. they were forced into a union against Mackinac Center Legal Foundation. it, opening the floodgates. The Haynes their will. “Most of the issues I’ve written Rather than institutionalize their about have been about disagreements family was featured twice on Fox Business children, Robert and Patricia care for over policy,” Spencer said. “Forced News, and the story was soon drawing them at home. They receive a Medicaid unionization is not a question of policy, national attention, including mentions stipend to do so, and that, in the eyes of it’s an example of corruption. That’s on Rush Limbaugh, National Review the state, makes them public employees. why it was particularly heartening to see Online, The Weekly Standard, The Blaze, About $30 a month in “union dues” the strong response our article featuring FrontPage Magazine, Townhall and Hot is deducted from their checks and the Haynes family received. This issue Air. An editorial in The Detroit News funneled to the Service Employees needs to be placed before the eyes of on Nov. 12 compared the situation to International Union. as many people as possible. Once the a similar scheme involving the illegal This scheme was reported by public fully understands the dishonesty unionization of home-based day care Jack Spencer in Michigan Capitol and sheer audacity of what occurred, operators in Michigan, which came to an Confidential in early November, their response will make sure that the end last March after an 18-month legal including an interview with Robert forced unionization comes to an end.” battle spearheaded by the MCLF. It was and Patricia on Nov. 9 (www.mackinac The day after Spencer’s story broke, also the lead story on the 11 p.m. news .org/16001.) The Washington Examiner reported on Nov. 15 on WJBK in Detroit. I

Database contains contracts for public important government services while Bargain Hunting employees in law enforcement, courts, opening up the possibility of tax relief The Center Amasses a corrections, fire, public works, cleri- for families and employers. Database of Local cal services and more from Alcona to Collective bargaining agreements Government Union Contracts Wexford counties. For Detroit alone, the often allow union officials to conduct database contains 29 contracts incor- union business on government ublic employee union contracts porating more than 750 work classifica- time, and sometimes even on the drive up the cost of local tions, including “aquarists,” “tree artisan Pgovernment in Michigan, but the public government’s dime. For Macomb helpers” and “comfort station matrons.” is often unaware of this. Voters are County, stewards get five hours per rarely — if ever — told what all the After a strong debut in early week paid on union business, the contracts’ terms are or how their city’s September, the database continues unit chairman gets up to four hours contracts compare to those in nearby to draw attention, with over 250 hits a day, and there is mandated release communities. per week. time for the three-member bargaining This is why the Mackinac Center has In Michigan, government employee committee. In Saginaw, public works taken the unique step of gathering and benefits exceed those for private- committeemen and stewards are paid posting online the government employee sector workers by nearly $5 billion by the city for time lost on grievances, collective bargaining agreements for annually. In many cases, expensive bargaining and union meetings. all 83 Michigan county governments health care plans are written into union Another aspect of collective and the state’s 28 largest municipalities. contracts. Bringing local government’s bargaining that deserves more This new Michigan Local Government benefits back into balance can preserve see “Bargaining Agreements,” Page 5

www.mackinac.org Winter 2011 3 Mackinac Center IMPACT Health care exchanges from Page One

by sharing the analyses of the nation’s savviest free- Michigan is not alone — every policymaker in market health policy experts. The effect has been every state faces the same challenges. But certainty powerful: Even as reporters and Lansing insiders is one thing they’re not likely to get soon, given past seemed to take for granted that the Legislature experience with large state/federal social welfare would deliver this health exchange as requested, the programs. State control is most likely another forlorn legislation has stalled. hope. Here’s how the Wall Street Journal described the Over the past 12 months, McHugh has written first set of federal exchange regulations released last more than 30 articles and commentaries for Michigan July: “The word ‘require’ appears 811 times in the Capitol Confidential. He also authored Op-Eds that 244-page rule and its 103-page supplement. ‘Must’ appeared in the Detroit Free Press and Lansing State shows up 580 times — and this is merely HHS’s first Journal, delivered radio interviews, gave talks to local batch of exchange mandates …” groups, spread the word through social media and Given the overwhelmingly unconstitutional nature more. While the public at large heard little about of Obamacare, its assault on individual choice, and the the proposed exchange until recently, for months fact that quick action may detract from the larger goal of Tea Partiers, active voters and others motivated by repeal, prudence suggests the Michigan Legislature model economic and liberty concerns were kept informed. the tortoise, not the hare. Let the U.S. Supreme Court When a bill was finally introduced and hearings render its verdict in June and allow voters to render theirs began several weeks after the governor’s address, in November. Holding back, even if doing so risks greater many legislators quickly heard a clear message from implementation challenges and costs down the road, is important constituents: “Not so fast!” Although the worth it when the ultimate goal is so important. state Senate passed a bill on Nov. 10, indications are Thanks to the work of Jack McHugh and the free- that the House is less likely to do so. market health care experts whose work he has drawn Elected officials have told McHugh that the impact upon, much of this background was known by CapCon of the Center’s articles is part of why the House readers before legislation was introduced this fall. They has been reluctant to even consider the legislation. had already learned on Aug. 3 in “Michigan Creeps There were also reports that his commentaries were Closer to Obamacare ‘Exchange’ ” that a flaw in the being circulated among House members. Exchange drafting of Obamacare potentially involving much supporters have complained that his work was more than a mere “scrivener’s error” could bring down obstructing their efforts. its entire tottering structure. Under the federal Patient Protection and This article also reported that the lead attorney for one Affordable Care Act, states must set up their own of the lawsuits against Obamacare had just told lawmak- PPACA “exchange” or the feds will do it for them. ers attending a national organization’s meeting, “Saying Many policymakers, though they are not sympathetic ‘no’ to a state exchange is absolutely critical to the success to PPACA, believe that the least-bad option is to of our lawsuit and those pending elsewhere around the create a state exchange that takes advantage of country.” The piece explained that a federal judge who whatever small opportunities may exist to insulate ruled Obamacare unconstitutional had cited states’ creat- Michigan from at least a few of Obamacare’s many ing exchanges as one reason to stay his own ruling. destructive provisions. In the fall, other CapCon items, interviews, McHugh repeatedly argued that this excessively Facebook postings and speeches followed at a rapid narrow focus obscures the infinitely more vital priority pace. Among the articles were, “Obamacare ‘Mandate’ of consigning Obamacare to the dust heap of history’s Could Penalize 70,000 Here,” “NFIB: ‘No Rush’ big government mistakes. There are good reasons — on Creating Obamacare Exchange,” “Obamacare McHugh cited 10 of them in one article ‘Exchange’ Opposite of ‘Free Market, ’ ” “‘Exchange’ an (www.mackinac.org/15980) — to expect that moving Obamacare Trojan Horse?” and others. too quickly on the creation of an exchange may push Where this all lands is anyone’s guess, but on one that all-important goal further out of sight. relevant point the Mackinac Center is certain: While Nevertheless, McHugh pointed out, given the most of those advancing exchanges are acting in good

“You do not build a middle class by expanding the government payroll. You build a government payroll on the backs of middle class, and we need to stop it before goes any further.” You do not build a middle class by expanding the government payroll. “You challenges of compliance, Gov. Snyder’s desire for an conscience, the Center’s independent analysis and free- early start is understandable. Among other things, the market principles have never been put to better use Governor has spoken of the huge technology issues than they are now — helping Michigan residents cut involved. Michigan’s insurers also face huge challenges through the bureaucratic clutter and call on lawmakers in adapting their operations to the new law, and they for policies that will protect Michigan’s future health reasonably desire certainty sooner rather than later. care freedom. I

Mackinac Center IMPACT 4 Winter 2011 www.mackinac.org -Gov. Mitch Daniels- -Gov. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 MILEAGE TABLE M Approximately 1.5 million maps were produced and printed in Michigan at a cost of $187,806 or $0.1252 per copy. I SLE ROYALE ID-MAY THROUGH ONTARIO QUEEN IV Approximate Distance via Interstate, U.S. and State Highways. Mileage is from Center of City to Center of City © Copyright State of Michigan Department of Transportation 2011-2012. All rights reserved. Printed on recycled paper. LABOR DAY MICHIGAN 55 121 264 40 173 78 136 147 176 58 199 279 288 153 56 610 526 358 68 444 95 250 241 164 133 214 35 142 563 117 107 496 542 608 475 35 101 530 73 112 227 297 244 391 464 67 499 140 41 87 138 420 172 371 153 128 271 577 85 275 81 190 125 156 214 123 303 354 81 200 244 ISLE ROYALE ISLE ROYALE N KEWEENAW COUNTY 89 251 53 175 25 123 93 137 69 165 245 256 121 33 577 494 326 91 412 90 215 208 110 86 182 30 89 530 124 68 464 510 575 443 20 47 498 40 111 177 264 204 358 431 13 466 126 83 110 106 388 123 339 120 94 237 545 71 243 101 189 149 175 181 110 271 322 58 187 209 N. 39°W. 48 MILES 179 110 104 98 52 160 61 93 80 159 169 33 117 490 406 239 132 325 73 130 121 103 80 94 118 107 443 106 53 376 422 488 355 86 121 410 49 93 123 177 124 271 344 94 379 43 149 132 18 301 95 251 187 176 152 458 49 155 107 119 141 109 94 40 184 235 140 115 124 ALL TRANSPORTATION SERVICES ARE PASSENGER ONLY NO VEHICLES FORT WILKINS 225 188 260 129 327 190 207 150 114 79 151 279 408 324 156 233 242 173 175 72 266 247 93 278 274 361 203 226 294 340 406 273 241 283 328 211 189 220 94 196 188 261 256 296 145 260 234 167 218 257 169 354 338 164 375 180 101 209 196 237 204 91 141 101 152 302 64 137 Eagle Harbor 27 26 Adrian 140 76 96 145 169 18 188 257 262 142 81 585 502 334 38 420 54 238 216 158 127 190 69 140 538 87 100 472 518 583 451 35 98 506 63 75 220 272 232 366 439 65 474 110 39 57 127 396 166 346 171 144 260 553 69 251 48 157 96 127 177 86 279 330 107 161 233 L Medora Copper Harbor L 41 Albion 184 59 255 148 123 155 223 228 109 203 551 468 300 108 386 86 206 182 204 181 156 202 208 504 57 151 438 484 549 417 165 207 472 134 67 199 238 200 332 405 179 440 78 145 96 105 362 196 313 283 RANGER III 26 Bailey 23 Schlatter 262 228 519 105 217 98 17 84 47 143 65 245 296 226 124 200 Eagle River S Lake Manitou I ONTARIO Tobin Harbor N Delaware Alma 132 71 115 92 146 226 265 130 37 579 496 328 114 414 99 196 217 86 61 190 54 64 532 133 49 466 512 577 445 43 23 500 49 120 153 266 179 360 433 14 468 135 106 133 114 390 98 340 99 80 218 547 80 230 115 198 168 184 190 119 273 324 43 196 191 ISLE ROYAL SEAPLANE Central Bete Grise Amygdaloid I Rock Harbor Lodge Alpena 202 89 78 96 164 169 50 151 492 409 241 104 327 44 147 123 152 128 96 149 155 445 73 99 378 424 490 358 113 155 413 82 60 140 179 141 273 346 127 381 19 131 104 46 303 143 253 231 210 168 460 53 158 79 67 108 75 83 13 186 237 174 65 141 Phoenix Lac La Belle Keweenaw Pt MICHIGAN JUNE 1 THROUGH LABOR DAY 41 Lac La Belle Bete Grise Bay Ann Arbor 138 160 178 262 305 181 96 615 532 364 183 450 170 205 257 78 83 238 119 56 568 204 116 502 548 613 481 112 50 536 120 191 145 302 172 396 469 82 504 193 175 202 165 426 90 377 30 24 247 583 151 266 186 269 239 255 237 190 309 360 71 266 220 Gratiot MID-MAY THROUGH MID-SEPTEMBER Deer L Caribou I 26 Lake Bad Axe 152 40 124 166 51 153 477 394 226 189 312 130 91 119 76 57 100 166 83 430 162 69 363 410 475 343 141 106 398 107 149 64 164 77 258 331 129 366 70 204 190 42 288 67 238 164 153 112 445 108 128 165 156 197 164 99 94 171 222 149 141 85 Todd Harbor Rock Harbor ISLE ROYALE QUEEN IV Mohawk 14 Pt Isabelle Lake S K E W E E N A W Battle Creek 170 240 245 124 99 568 484 316 40 402 36 221 198 140 109 172 86 132 521 70 82 454 500 566 433 51 114 488 45 57 203 254 215 349 421 80 457 93 57 53 109 378 148 329 186 160 242 535 51 233 33 139 91 111 159 69 261 312 124 143 215 A Richie THROUGH SEPTEMBER Ahmeek A Allouez N Fulton Bay City 84 126 46 181 437 353 186 197 272 137 55 79 116 97 60 194 124 390 170 97 323 369 435 302 164 147 357 127 156 73 124 49 218 291 157 326 79 224 197 62 248 107 198 204 194 76 405 127 88 173 163 204 172 59 102 131 182 189 105 49 Chippewa MID-MAY F. J. Kearsarge Thayers MCLAIN Copper Benton Harbor 59 126 261 365 282 114 267 200 207 88 42 194 180 69 274 207 318 238 177 252 298 363 231 244 230 286 206 224 142 52 112 146 219 237 254 159 294 267 142 176 184 127 287 277 77 333 407 16 242 231 272 239 84 173 59 110 269 147 50 Siskiwit Harbor Calumet Lake Lake City MID-MAY THROUGH NOV. 1 203 Big Rapids 135 284 329 245 78 272 163 212 147 49 243 223 75 285 250 282 242 215 215 261 327 194 253 273 249 216 229 197 16 171 110 183 261 218 166 299 272 151 139 233 90 330 320 136 297 216 42 247 236 277 244 90 178 22 74 307 143 109 L Laurium Gay Desor Osceola Brighton 149 457 373 205 151 291 91 97 87 123 99 61 150 126 410 124 80 343 389 455 322 118 148 377 80 110 90 143 91 238 310 125 345 33 178 151 16 267 114 218 207 196 118 424 81 122 126 117 158 125 60 55 150 201 172 89 91 VOYAGEUR II KEWEENAW NHP Cadillac 606 522 354 109 440 119 231 236 123 99 210 23 101 559 152 84 492 538 604 471 48 59 526 69 139 190 292 216 386 459 27 494 155 87 128 134 416 135 367 97 72 253 573 99 265 122 218 166 197 209 138 299 350 25 215 226 Boston Lake WENONAH ISLE ROYALE NATIONAL PARK Linden Stannard Rock Charlevoix 132 353 595 212 535 453 370 553 534 397 607 561 47 565 530 162 146 156 135 574 584 80 537 552 507 313 477 234 147 582 233 488 622 595 472 189 544 251 641 631 443 99 537 349 570 559 600 567 411 501 308 311 622 472 415 Windigo Redridge 13 15 Torch L S 41 Cheboygan 278 511 82 451 370 287 470 450 313 523 477 85 482 446 30 16 98 61 491 500 52 453 469 424 230 393 135 72 498 101 404 538 511 389 115 460 176 557 547 359 RANGER III 93 454 265 486 475 517 484 328 418 224 237 539 388 332 MID-JUNE THROUGH LABORWashington DAY Harbor Siskiwit Bay 13 26 Hubbell Rice ISLE ROYAL SEAPLANE Freda Hancock Ripley Lake Clare 343 198 284 202 119 302 282 146 356 309 306 314 279 249 294 351 218 323 332 273 286 301 256 62 226 144 207 331 252 236 370 343 221 164 293 109 390 379 192 321 286 98 319 308 349 316 160 250 56 59 371 220 164 Feldmann Houghton Pt Houghton Lake Dollar Mud Coldwater 429 60 248 225 180 149 199 96 172 548 51 122 481 527 593 460 73 136 515 85 56 241 281 242 375 448 102 483 120 37 21 147 405 188 356 206 181 269 562 83 260 25 124 59 90 186 96 288 339 134 169 242 JUNE THROUGH LABOR DAY Bay MID-MAY THROUGH MID-SEPTEMBER Atlantic Mine Lake Copper Harbor 369 288 205 388 368 231 441 395 165 400 364 52 98 180 78 409 418 133 372 387 342 148 312 54 66 417 54 322 456 429 307 62 378 115 475 465 277 175 372 183 404 394 435 402 246 336 143 175 457 306 250 Long Pt South Range Dodge- Portage Traverse I Crystal Falls 188 166 136 104 139 117 132 488 34 71 421 467 533 400 80 123 455 50 21 181 222 182 316 388 95 424 60 87 60 87 345 144 296 198 178 210 503 25 200 35 103 69 85 126 36 228 279 141 109 182 LAKE Trimountain ville Lake Elm Painesdale Rabbit Bay SUPERIOR Detour 103 127 142 90 245 150 406 220 147 340 386 451 319 215 192 374 177 207 64 140 33 234 307 208 342 129 275 248 112 264 118 215 230 220 60 421 177 105 223 214 255 222 105 152 147 198 234 151 38 Lake Y Pt. Mamainse TO AND FROM Eva A Detroit 195 175 28 238 202 323 196 168 257 303 368 236 205 225 291 168 183 149 57 125 151 224 213 259 118 252 226 103 181 185 131 282 272 92 338 168 36 201 190 231 198 42 132 64 115 259 105 65 GRAND PORTAGE MINNESOTA Fourteen Mile Pt R Chassell

M i B Escanaba 32 176 140 22 506 170 v 64 440 486 551 419 129 71 474 96 157 67 240 94 334 407 99 442 134 192 189 107 364 13 315 103 93 171 521 111 204 164 219 205 209 176 139 247 298 113 212 144

e Toivola i E s r 40 Jacobsville e Flint 156 116 29 487 139 33 420 466 532 399 98 50 454 65 126 95 221 119 315 387 75 423 111 161 158 84 344 40 295 109 98 166 501 79 185 133 195 174 186 156 116 227 278 93 189 139 ry 41 W Sleeping H O U G H T O N A Pt Abbaye Frankfort 211 183 350 170 141 283 329 395 262 179 206 317 141 157 131 84 107 178 250 186 286 92 226 199 77 207 167 158 264 253 79 365 142 62 174 163 205 172 16 105 90 141 233 79 52 R Copper Mine Pt N Huron Islands 17 Donken River 28 E Gaylord 118 560 145 98 493 539 605 472 37 76 527 70 138 207 294 233 388 460 43 496 153 74 115 135 417 152 368 119 94 266 575 98 272 109 216 154 184 211 137 300 352 48 213 239 Twin 26 Tapiola E Lakes TWIN LAKES Otter Grand Haven 514 167 61 447 493 559 426 107 50 481 88 153 90 247 117 342 414 78 450 138 170 181 111 371 35 322 81 71 193 528 107 212 156 222 201 212 183 143 254 305 92 216 165 Flint Michigan I Fire River L W Huron River Pt Batchawana 563 Ontonagon Arnheim E Huron Bay Grand Rapids 518 483 115 99 109 88 527 537 33 490 505 460 266 430 187 100 535 186 441 575 548 425 142 497 204 594 584 396 52 490 302 523 512 553 520 364 454 261 264 575 425 368 Steel Winona Twin Lakes Bay Gull Pt K Rush PORCUPINE MTNS Howe L Corbeil PtGrayling 106 452 498 563 431 114 156 486 84 13 213 252 214 346 419 129 454 92 88 40 120 376 178 327 232 211 242 533 59 231 44 74 35 54 157 69 259 310 175 138 214 Steel Otter Aura Green 64 Pequaming r Lake 13 Skanee e Hillsdale 38 v 416 462 528 395 72 68 450 38 92 127 217 141 311 384 61 419 92 135 130 64 340 72 291 141 127 169 498 46 181 105 166 140 156 141 87 223 275 92 162 141 LAKE OF THE CLOUDS Cranberry i River Conway Big Batchawana I

Silver City Potato Sandy R Mountain Pine 12 14 Big Bay Pt Holland 46 128 67 461 470 83 423 439 394 200 363 105 79 468 71 374 508 481 359 114 430 166 527 517 329 123 424 235 456 445 487 454 298 387 194 227 509 358 302 R Ontonagon Lakes Pike Lake L L Bay Batchawana Bay PORCUPINE Lake Pelkie Assinins Ives MOUNTAINS R HURON MOUNTAINS Granite Island Houghton 82 77 507 516 66 469 485 440 246 409 151 88 514 117 420 554 527 405 131 476 192 573 563 375 77 470 281 502 491 533 500 344 433 240 253 555 404 348 CENTRAL TIME ZONE KEWEENAW BAY t L Sandy I Carp River E ou INDIAN COMMUNITY Ravine r Lake EASTERN TIME ZONE White 45 T Big Bay Imlay City 133 572 582 102 535 550 505 311 475 232 145 580 200 486 620 593 470 187 542 249 639 629 441 62 535 347 568 557 598 565 409 499 306 309 620 470 413 Mirror Greenland Nisula Baraga Independence River Alston Br Pine River 38 L Iron n Ionia Little Huron o Granite Pt Whitefish Pt 440 449 56 402 418 373 179 342 99 12 447 132 353 487 460 338 55 409 116 506 496 308 103 403 214 435 424 466 433 277 367 173 177 488 337 281 PORCUPINE MTNS Mass City Silver m Rockland 6 26 31 MT. ARVON ELEV. 1979 Sal B WEST Br COURTNEY L’Anse Crisp Pt WHITEFISH Iron Mountain 65 495 38 101 192 261 208 355 428 31 463 116 63 92 103 385 137 336 136 109 236 542 61 240 82 180 130 161 178 100 268 319 73 177 209 B 64 LAKE River River River ais River R H BARAGA R HIGHEST POINT IN MICHIGAN Brown’s Whitefish Iron River Goul 504 73 143 138 270 165 365 437 36 473 159 128 155 132 394 84 345 79 59 216 551 104 235 139 222 191 207 206 142 277 328 48 219 188 W Victoria East B A R A G A Yellow River 556 16 Cr Summit Little Lake Point BAY BLACK 18 41 Lake Dog River Ironwood 457 473 428 234 397 154 67 502 154 408 542 515 393 110 464 172 563 553 363 47 458 269 490 479 521 488 332 422 229 232 543 392 336 Middle Br Lake Goulais RIVER Iron Isle Presque 16 Bear HARBOR BOB Island L Two Heart Bay Ishpeming 71 158 224 171 318 391 45 426 86 101 94 65 348 104 298 148 128 199 505 31 202 69 149 119 134 141 70 231 282 91 146 171 Little Girl’s Sturgeon Grand MUSKALLONGE Bodi Lake Parisienne Clark R LAKE Herman White Deer LAKE Shelldrake O N T O N A G O N O Ogemaw 17 Pt Isle Lake Cliff Lake Au Sable Pt Marais H Deer Park Lake Jackson 200 239 201 333 406 116 441 79 84 52 106 363 165 314 219 198 229 520 46 218 31 83 48 64 144 56 246 297 162 125 201 MICHIGAN Bass n Bob Alberta Lake Br Br r POTAWATOMI/ t e Baraga 58 Shelldrake Goulais Pt o v L WELCOME CENTER Lake W Lake l River 17 Kalamazoo GEORGE FALLS S n i Lake Silver 194 31 288 361 166 396 122 255 241 106 318 58 268 170 160 120 475 170 158 216 207 248 215 132 145 201 252 181 178 92 Bergland a S r Muskallonge Sheephead River Merriweather g Craig Lake e O Betsy o Arfelin Dead River L’Anse v Heyden 164 94 167 269 202 174 308 282 Cr River Echo Sucker Perch 159 124 231 74 328 317 130 281 224 36 257 246 287 254 98 188 7 58 309 159 102 i Lake Lake Lake Paradise Br n n River Storage Pike Lake t Lake Van Riper Mud R 77 Lake S t o Lake Loon n r Baltimore n Basin Lake Clark L Lansing o ea k 20 Lake Partridge I 258 331 193 366 123 269 242 106 288 85 238 197 187 89 445 171 128 217 208 249 216 108 146 171 222 208 154 62 a M l c Lake PICTURED ROCKS Echo g a Crooked River Sturgeon INTERNATIONAL BRIDGE (TOLL) l S o 4 Bruce 28 Log NATIONAL LAKESHORE Grand Little Two Lapeer B Thomaston 28 n 28 Lake Wolf TAHQUAMENON S Lake 87 363 108 269 403 376 253 44 325 61 422 412 224 202 318 130 351 340 381 348 192 282 89 121 403 253 196 J 28 21 Br Hearted LOWER a Lake Matchwood Crossing Covington 141 41 29 L Presque Isle Pt Kingston Sable North Two TAHQUAMENON 2 Sunday c 64 River Lake Hearted T TAHQUAMENON River k Lake R Pine Stuart Lakes a FALLS Garden Ludington 436 120 341 475 448 326 43 397 105 494 484 296 115 391 203 423 413 454 421 265 355 162 165 476 325 269 so Gogebic Michigamme VAN RIPER Dead Beaver Lake h FALLS SOO L n Lake q Ramsay Ewen Three Lakes NATIONAL SKI MICHIGAN Grand Portal Pt Stump u LOCKS Saxon Lake W Br TAHQUAMENON a R Sault Ste. Marie Mackinaw City 22 HALL OF FAME B.R. Negaunee 41 WELCOME CENTER 43 m 471 131 94 121 110 393 112 343 110 88 229 550 76 242 111 194 160 179 186 115 276 327 52 191 202 169 AGATE Sidnaw Watton Vermillac CRAIG ROCKS North Jct. FALLS Garden River 2 Wakefield 45 King Beaufort LAKE Champion 28 Teal 28 Marquette Two en MICHIGAN Gros Cap 550

Cr FALLS 8 y ALGER S on Kenton Lake a L Marys Manistee 376 511 484 361 117 433 169 530 519 332 194 426 238 459 448 489 456 300 390 197 229 511 361 304 13 35 Perch Lake Grand H WELCOME CENTER 28 Lake Lake MI. IRON B Hearted PARK L Grass Nawakwa 565 St. Echo 122 Hurley INDUS. Shot Pt r Wood I 58 LUCE 123 Bessemer Michigamme e I Chapel Lakes Manistique LAKE Beacon MUS. Harvey 43 t Lake Lake Bay 147 120 27 298 126 249 218 208 151 455 55 153 95 86 127 94 79 24 181 232 177 81 124 Drummond Fence 41 19 l Naomikong Pt Poplar Dale Montreal GOGEBIC Trout 28 e Au Train I L 123 3 h Trout Bay Ironwood 2 15 Lake Lake Goose Pelissier L 28 Williams I PICTURED Sault Ste. Marie Marquette 20 S 58 166 432 200 383 184 159 296 589 108 287 53 161 96 127 213 123 315 366 112 196 269 BOND Creek Michigamme Ross Buckeye urphy Sugar I 638 River 19 FALLS L Au Train Snyder M 22 Dunns Valley Pence May Ned Lake Goose L Marshall B.R. G O G E B I C PARK Ishpeming BAY FURNACE Melstrand Lake Lake Bass H MONOCLE LAKE 670 147 405 197 356 225 200 269 563 83 260 25 113 39 69 186 96 288 339 153 169 242 Lake Br L Bay Cr Rock L Paulding Deerton 25 M L View Green Garden L 3 77 Iron Belt 2 15 H Noble 37 Bay Mills Fox Piatt Jumbo R 75 Lake Menominee c Palmer 28 11 283 99 234 191 181 134 440 66 138 122 113 154 121 76 52 166 217 105 105 107 D NORWAY LAKE 35 National L Lake BRIMLEY 8 Sainte Sands Cusino BAY MILLS 6 George Upson o Long Republic Auger S Midland n r Mine Yalmer Au Train Christmas BAY VIEW INDIAN 354 62 451 441 253 157 348 159 380 370 411 378 222 312 119 122 433 282 226 H Kathryn Marten e a Marenisco Bond LAUGHING WHITEFISH Lake v Shank Au Train S l Lake 129

i COMMUNITY d Heart 29 16

Falls L Lake FALLS H Driggs River River 221 Monroe129 554 Chaney HENRY R Lake Creek Lake Munising River East Brimley SAULT STE. MARIE 305 116 106 162 512 119 195 172 210 213 200 166 131 237 289 126 204 134 L East BOBCAT Tinsel LAKE ST. East Skandia 01 H Desbarats Rydal Bank

L LAKE Flowage Bela Paint Perch Cable Bone W H AU TRAIN Wetmore Tahq Eckerman 3 TRIBE OF CHIPPEWA Cr Eben u Big LAKE L KATHRYN 03 15 East Mud am 28 INDIANS Lake Mt. Clemens 402 392 204 219 C L Lakes Lake Lake Lake 94 Selma LAKE enon 30 Lake 17 Basswood 299 110 331 320 361 329 173 262 69 67 384 233 177 C 51 River M A R Q U E T T E 2 Junction L Hulbert Strongs 386 Thessalon 2 Net 141 River 11 15 Dollarville Nicolet Desbarats POMEROY t LAC VIEUX DESERT Mittigwaki PERCH LAKE Br Chatham Br Raco sk R Lake Mt. Pleasant 546 o Beaton Winslow Middle K.I. 94 Shingleton Seney McMillan Wai a Dafter 638 Chiblow 26 275 610 179 293 214 298 263 283 265 218 336 387 72 295 247 Pine Mink Br 25 Br Soo Junction Br SOLDIER Long LAKE fo BAND OF LAKE Lake Triangle Long 94 WAGNER Newberry Br McCarron 64 LANGFORD 20 13 L Lake Au Train Lake Pomeroy r Deer Chief L Perch Sawyer Sundell R 16 FALLS 28 LAKE Lake L L e Wolf SUPERIOR CHIPPEWA Porter Fence Swanzy Rumely W Munising 264 600 158 283 192 277 238 262 254 197 326 377 47 274 237 d LAKE Sucker Paint Ranch L 33 L L 553 River L n INDIANS R Lake Squaw Otter 27 H Homestead 548 Bruce Mines L Br 35 W e L L N Br Helen Little H Forest Power H 3 Skibo T Marion Big 63 Muskegon

River L L River 28 411 94 94 245 235 276 244 95 174 136 187 258 158 27 k Lost North Marsh North 33 St. Joseph Channel 557 SYLVANIA Witch L Lake 01 Co Hulbert C H I P P E W A 1 Barbeau

Presque Isle State Line L L MARION c Gwinn Lake H Turtle L Langford River Bass Carlshend o Basin L East Manistique Lake Sowerby Thousand LAKE l L 13 East Lake THREE Newberry Lake of 505 I R O N 31 379 317 538 527 568 535 379 469 276 279 590 440 383 MOOSEHEAD Lake Watersmeet Long L Pike Hovey South Boot Lake LAKES Iron Bridge Island L Taylor m H N Kinross the Mts FREE WISCONSINLAKE Cisco e L Lake Kiva Traunik Limestone L ISLAND L . Pine Kincheloe Richards Bright Crooked H 44 R Hilton New Buffalo 203 58 120 94 110 131 40 231 282 122 116 172 L Br Shag H LAKE Helmer Munuscong Neebish Thessalon Lake Clark Sage R L L IMP Amasa Deer 95 Little L SCHOOLCRAFT 123 iver 378 80 Landing Beach Tamarack L Lakes 68 44 Ready L R I L LAKE S Br Germfask e Rudyard Niles Duck Gibbs Br Br Pin Algoma 235 224 266 233 77 167 42 94 274 140 67 45 James Paint Michigamme Bass Cr 67 Trout WIDE- Clear Manistique ST. JOSEPH L Imp Lake City Silver WATERS 30 L Reservoir Lake 41 L Wheelbarrow L H Lake 117 373 ISLAND 548 Northport Mills 114 58 89 161 71 263 315 147 144 217 Bass L H Lake SENEY 42 Trout Kelden L Fish Crooked NATIONAL WILDLIFE 48 Munuscong Sawyer E 05 PETE’S 16 Ontonagon 538 86 54 150 80 253 304 240 132 208 2 Fire Lake Lake REFUGE Curtis Lake H Lake

Lac Vieux L 17 Iron Swan L Trenary LAKE Stutts Creek H Fibre 48 Blind River L Stella 14 Desert Sunset COLWELL 40 33 40 M Owosso 32 192 104 294 345 192 173 249 GOLDEN Lake Lake WAY Sawmill Steuben Millecoquins 4 Stirlingville Land O’Lakes Golden L McFarland W West LAKE H Pickford LAKE Lake DAM Lake 43 77 Trout L 1 u Travel Guide River Channing North Br Triangle L Furlong Lake Garnet n Milford Haven H 33 u Petoskey 159 72 261 312 222 140 216 Ellen L s Cr Carp c 16 Lathrop Br o Smoky Iron River Br Skeels Murphy South Cr Millecoquins Rexton Struble Ozark East L ng R 28 16 Crystal Falls Pole Round LITTLE BASS Lake 75 . Pontiac 92 105 156 232 66 67 To.get.your.copy.contact:.Travel.Michigan,.. L LAKE OTTAWA BEWABIC Lake LAKE Lake Blaney Manistique Engadine H

45 Ford River Br Lake H 2 Creek Bass Lakes Park Lake 63 Port Austin 13 Rapid Island L 17 195 246 161 77 146 INDEX TO 17 35 L S 129 Lime N Hagerman 69 m Brule Paint R Dana Thunder West 2 Stalwart Port Huron

Lansing,.MI.48909-6128,.toll-free.888-784-7328,. Caspian Northland i 94 MACKINAC Raber Island O 52 316 165 109 Ralph t

L Rock Indian Potagannissing L Sagola h R Big 73 Fortune Horseshoe Lake Lake River Gould City 48 River 48 T H Phelps Naubinway Bay Port Sanilac MUNICIPALITIES Sand Lakes 6 Arnold L CAMP CARP RIVER 367 216 160 Epoufette 13 L Gaastra LAKE Goetzville C visit.www.michigan.org,.or.pick.one.up.at.any.of.. Mashek R Chicago Br Little Hog I STATE LINE R River Milakokia Roscommon Chicagon Alpha 2 D I C K I N S O N Escanaba Days ique 359 H 238 231 189 Brule L PALMS Cr st Drummond A AND COMMUNITIES Lake 141 H i Lake BREVOORT LAKE 134 De Tour N Nelma D E L T A BOOK R n Hessel N E L Saginaw 13 a Duel DRUMMOND 131 Michigan’s.14.Welcome.Centers. River Theodore Fishdam BIG 23 Brevort Brevoort L Cedarville Village Watson M Lake ISLAND Alvin Randville SPRING Batty Moran 7 St. Martin 17 St. Ignace Fish Gulliver 14 134 Vidal I A Felch 41 Indian Doe Bay 134 Caribou L 10

PEAVEY Pine Perkins FLOWING WELL INDIAN LAKE Allenville 70 River Lake McDonald Sault Ste. Marie Acme...... G-9 Central.Lake...... F-9 FALLS Hardwood WEST UNIT L ® Boot 95 Foster Lake Round 123 8 D DAM INDIAN Gulliver PORT DOLOMITE D Centreville...... N-9 139 Lake White 149 2 H Meldrum Sturgis Ada...... L-9 City River LAKE Pt Patterson LAKE MICHIGAN L Tipler Rapid Lake 57 352 FOLEY Les Cheneaux I St. Vital Dickinson Bay 540 Kagawong Ceresco...... M-10 Spread Port Inland CREEK St. Martin I De Tour Passage Adair...... L-14 Fulton...... A-4 2 14 Brampton River 11 Manistique L COCKBURN Tawas City 7 Pt Florence Eagle Rock Sturgeon Sturgeon 6 Marquette I Huron Bay

Adamsville...... N-8 Champion...... C-5 Fulton...... N-9 70 141 69 Nahma Cooks Pt Aux Chenes Hay ISLAND MerrimanCr L Spread L 46 Ensign Moss L 75 540 Traverse City Channing...... D-4 River Junction Seul Choix Pt 2 MACKINAC ISLAND Addison...... N-11 MICHIGAN Eagle L 348 5 G Carney Cornell 22 Thompson St. Loon Adrian...... N-12 Chapin...... K-11 WELCOME CENTER Lake La Branche 2 10 185 FORT MACKINAC 7 Ignace False Detour Channel Gaastra...... D-3 River Isabella Garden Gros Cap Lake Advance...... F-10 Charlevoix...... F-9 Lakewood.Club...... K-8 Iron Ten Corners St. Helena I Pt La Mackinac Gagetown...... J-13 L Antoine De Noc Schaawe Mile Gladstone Barbe Island OFFICIAL STATE Afton...... E-11 Charlotte...... M-10 Gaines...... L-12 Lamb...... K-14 Mountain Lake Greene I 141 Squaw I FATHER MARQUETTE NATIONAL MEMORIAL STRAITS Round I TRAVEL GUIDE Quinnesec 5 Agnew...... K-8 Chase...... l-9 Lambertville...... N-12 G 2 LITTLE BAY ® Galesburg...... M-9 69 Whitney DE NOC Nahma 17 Garden I Hat I Ahmeek...... A-4 Chassell...... A-4 Lamont...... K-8 Aurora Norway 35 9 41 Whiskey I MACKINAC BRIDGE (TOLL) 551 MichiganTRAVEL IDEAS Galien...... N-7 Cr Mackinac 542 Michigan Loretto Akron...... J-13 Chatham...... C-6 Langston...... K-9 Onaway...... F-11 King sford Perronville BIG BAY 183 Pt Aux Barques Hog I Straits of Bois Blanc Ganges...... L-8 8 Shoe I COLONIAL 339 Mackinaw City Cheboygan...... E-11 Lansing...... L-11 Vulcan Schaffer Wells Trout I MICHILIMACKINAC Island MAP EXPLANATION Alabaster...... H-12 Garden...... D-7 Onekama...... H-8 Niagara DE NOC Garden Alamo...... M-9 Chelsea...... M-12 Lapeer...... K-13 Onondaga...... M-11 Waucedah 2 Cunard Hyde 9 Cecil Bay 338 ONTARIO ONEONE INCH INCH EQUALS EQUALS APPROXIMATELY 14.5 15 MILES Garden.City...... M-13 21 4 MICHIGAN TRAVEL IDEAS 2011 141 WILDERNESS Pte. Alanson...... E-10. Chesaning...... K-11 Laporte...... J-11 Onsted...... N-11 Hermansville Ford Escanaba FAYETTE Portage Bay 108 22 MICHIGAN 0 5 10 15 20 25 Garden.Corners...... D-7 St. James Sturgeon French Aux Pins MICHIGAN Wilson 2 15 Stonington C 336 HISTORIC R WELCOME CENTER SCALE IN MILES Alaska...... L-9 Cheshire...... M-8 Lathrop...... D-6 Ontonagon...... B-2 R High I Bay L Garfield...... K-11 41 Bark River Little Bay 81 MILL CREEK Pt Nipigon Alba...... F-10 Chesterfield...... L-14 Lathrup.Village...... M-13 Orangeville...... M-9 Smiths.Creek...... L-14 Harris Fayette Gull I Lake Paradise Garnet...... D-9 Cr Powers Spalding Ford River 23 SCALE IN KILOMETERS Chicora...... M-8 Laurium...... A-4 e Carp 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Alberta...... B-4 Orchard.Lake...... L-13 Smithville...... H-10 Faithorn en HANNAHVILLE Cheboygan Gay...... A-4 m Peninsula Bliss Lake 22 China...... L-14 Lawrence...... M-8 e River POTAWATOMI BEAVER Cross C R Albion...... M-10 Orleans...... K-10 Smyrna...... K-9 P Wycamp Gaylord...... F-10 41 INDIAN Pt ISLAND Village Levering 66 ONE CENTIMETER EQUALS APPROXIMATELY 9 KILOMETERS Chippewa.Lake...... J-9 COMMUNITY B Lake C Albright.Shores...... I-11 Lawton...... N-8 Ortonville...... L-13 Snover...... J-14 R E CHEBOYGAN Genesee...... K-12 Fairport A 66 326

R ® Christmas...... C-7 Layton.Corners...... K-12 V Munro L Alden...... G-9 Osceola...... A-4 Sodus...... N-7 E 27 R Georgetown.Twp...... L-8 Nadeau Bark Little Summer I R Larks 31 L Lake HIGHWAY C C Clam.River...... G-9 Leaton...... J-10 I F Algansee...... N-10 Oscoda...... H-13 Somerset...... N-11 G Gourley R Pt Detour S 77 L 64 Sixteen Gera...... J-12 L Douglas Black 05 4 INTERSTATE U.S. ROUTE or B.R. A Clare...... I-10 Leer...... F-12 A R 322 1 COUNTY Alger...... I-11 Oshtemo...... M-9 Somerset-Center...... N-11 18 Carney N L. Mullett 23 4 Germfask...... C-8 S A 9 ROUTE E D Black (B.R. - Business Route) NUMBERED E Clarendon...... N-10 Leland...... F-8 Nathan Summer I B Good Maple C Lake Alverno Algonac...... L-14. Gibbs.City...... C-3 Osseo...... N-11 Soo.Junction...... C-9 Pellston Riggsville ALOHA Twin Mallard ROUTE O Hart 64 Long Allegan...... M-8. Clarion...... F-10 Lennon...... K-12 41 A L L INTERSTATE Gibraltar...... M-13 Ossineke...... G-13 South.Boardman...... G-9 T 27 L Hammond Bay 78 (Cross County Cedar L Clear STATE ROUTE or B.R. Banat C 9 BUSINESS Clarklake...... N-11 Leonard...... L-13 Cedar Signing) 119 EMMET 21 Sixteen Allen...... N-10 Gilford...... J-12 Otisville...... K-13 South.Branch...... H-12 35 Poverty I O Mullett Aloha L Huron Beach K (B.R. - Business Route) Clarkston...... L-13 Leoni...... M-11 M Pleasant 8 (Loop or Spur) P 1 Forty Mile Pt Allen.Park...... M-13 Otsego...... M-9 South.Haven...... M-8 R View Lake Girard...... N-10 MENOMINEE A 212 Allendale...... K-8 Clarksville...... L-9 Leonidas...... N-9 Otsego.Lake...... G-10 St. Martin Islands N Stutsmanville Orchard 23 Gladstone...... D-6 South.Lyon...... M-12 North Fox I Y Brutus P. H. HOEFT

Swanson Daggett 31 C Burt Topinabee 33 L INTERSTATE, U.S. AND STATE ROUTES Clawson...... M-13 Leota...... I-10 Big 81 Allenton...... K-14 Gladwin...... I-11 Ottawa.Beach...... L-8 South.Range...... A-3 55 Lake Black Ocqueoc E Alanson Lake Allenville...... D-10 Clayton...... N-11 Leroy...... I-9 Wequetonsing Lake OCQUEOC Rogers City Ottawa.Lake...... N-12 20 Full 140 Partial Glen.Arbor...... G-8 South.Rockwood...... N-13 East Y BURT ONAWAY FREEWAY Shaky Cedar Oden 313 FALLS Clifford...... K-13 Leslie...... M-11. L Little Stephenson Burt LAKE PORT CALCITE Allouez...... A-4 Glen.Haven...... G-8 Otter.Lake...... K-13 Southfield...... M-13 G G River Rock I 3 Indian River Ocqueoc (Entrance and Exit only at Interchanges) michigan.org Harbor Springs Crooked Lake Adams Pt Interchanges Alma...... J-10 Climax...... M-9 Levering...... E-10 12 12 J. W. WELLS South Fox I 11 310 22 68 B.R. Glendale...... M-8 Overisel...... L-8 Southgate...... M-13 Little Traverse Conway L 11 Exit numbers (in green text) are located Koss North Washington PETOSKEY River Black 23 Almena...... M-8 Clinton...... N-12 Lewiston...... G-11 Ovid...... K-11 River Bay Pickerel 211 Little Little Trout Lake next to the ramp circle or interchange box Glendora...... N-7 Spalding...... E-5. Lake Bay Bay Bay View Lake 68 9 8 Lake THOMPSON’S HARBOR Almont...... K-13. Clinton.Twp...... L-14 Lexington...... K-14 Owendale...... J-13 Ingalls A Detroit Harbor Shore H Epsilon 68 Tower PRESQUE ® Glenn...... M-8 Sparta...... K-9 Menominee G Washington I Big Rock Pt Harbor Afton 33 10 9 MULTI-LANE DIVIDED Aloha...... E-11 Clio...... K-12 Liberty...... N-11 Owosso...... K-11 08 Hayward Detroit Harbor Petoskey Onaway R Presque Isle Harbor Glennie...... G-12 Spring.Arbor...... M-11 17 8 23 Alpena...... F-13 Cloverdale...... M-9 Lilley...... J-8 Wallace Lake 31 Walloon C HEBOYGAN ISLE Glenwood...... N-8 Oxbow...... J-9 Spring.Lake...... K-8 McAllister C L LITTLE TRAVERSE Millersburg FUTURE FREEWAY Clyde...... L-12 Limestone...... C-6 Arthur Bay Gills Detroit I Lake BAY BANDS OF Hawks 12: 05 PM Alpha...... D-4 Oxford...... L-13 Charlevoix 71 C ODAWA INDIANS Presque Isle 11/18/10 Gobles...... M-8 Springfield...... M-9 180 Rock Charlevoix 131 L 41 R 81 Metz Augusta PAVED – TWO OR MORE LANES Alston...... B-3 Coats.Grove...... L-10 Goetzville...... D-11 Lincoln...... G-13 Ozark...... D-10 B Plum I Horton Bay C Lake Grand Springport...... M-10 58 301 Nettie Posen STONEPORT 15 1 Cohoctah...... L-12 Lincoln.Park...... M-13 Clarion Lake CO VR .indd Alto...... L-9 Ellison C M I FN L Good.Hart...... E-10 Springville...... N-11 42 FISHERMAN’S MILEAGE BETWEEN RED DOTS P Bay ISLAND 56 Wolverine Altona...... J-9 Coldwater...... N-10 Linden...... L-12 MICHIGAN 7 Walloon Rainy Long L R THUNDER BAY Goodells...... K-14 Painesdale...... A-3 Spruce...... G-13 35 Ironton YOUNG F 65 Polaski Coleman...... I-11 Linwood...... J-12 WELCOME CENTER Boyne Lake Lake NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY Dear.Traveler, Alverno...... E-11 Goodison...... L-13 Palmer...... C-5 St..Charles...... K-11 C 66 River 21 1 65 City 75 33 29 COUNTY Amador...... K-14 Colling...... J-13 Litchfield...... N-10 R Norwood 7 Advance Goodrich...... L-13 Palms...... J-14 St..Clair...... L-14 Sister Bay LEELANAU 4 Amasa...... C-4 Coloma...... M-7 Little.Lake...... C-6 Walsh Rowley Bay 1 Thumb Middle I River C Black PAVED Gould.City...... D-9 Palmyra...... N-12 St..Clair.Shores...... M-14 Sister 75 L 75 26 Leer Bolton

Welcome.to.Pure.Michigan!.We.invite.you.. Amble...... J-9 Colon...... N-9 Livonia...... M-13 Eagle Harbor N Ellsworth CHARLEVOIX 48 Br Little

1 River F Gourley...... E-6 Palo...... K-10 St..Helen...... H-11 Bay Atwood 3 290 COUNTY NUMBERED ROUTE F Columbiaville...... K-13 Long.Lake...... H-12 N. Manitou I Deer 9 CLEAR LAKE Anchorville...... L-14 Gowen...... K-9 Chambers I Ellsworth C Boyne Falls 1 North Cathro Paradise...... B-10 St..Ignace...... D-10 GRAND L Vanderbilt R Grass to.explore.our.two.peninsulas.and.let.the.. Ann.Arbor...... M-12 Columbus...... L-14 Long.Rapids...... F-12 Ephraim 201 Lake East 48 Long Long Rapids 19 IMPROVED (Gravel, Stone, etc.) Graafschap...... L-8 Fish Creek Event Horizon: 5 Center30 PanelsC Explore State’sClear Grass L Future Lake Parchment...... M-9 St..James...... E-9 Menominee North Bay Northport Pt 131 L Antrim...... G-10 Colwood...... J-13 Loomis...... I-10 31 Jordan 73 Pigeon L Grand.Beach...... N-7 Paris...... J-9 St..Johns...... K-11 North Manitou Northport All-American Road unspoiled.nature.and.authentic.character.of.. Applegate...... J-14 Comins...... G-12 Loretto...... D-5 64 57 A 22 Eastport 33 Avalon L Alpena STATE HERITAGE ROUTES Grand.Blanc...... K-12 Parisville...... J-14 Sturgeon Valentine Rush L Lachine St..Joseph...... N-7 S 32 N Arbutus.Beach...... G-10 Commerce.Twp...... L-13 Lovells...... G-11 N PASSENGER L Hillman Grand.Haven...... K-8 Parkdale...... H-7 St..Louis...... J-11 Egg Central OTSEGO 16 Historic Recreational Scenic a.truly.majestic.land.revive.your.spirit. Comstock...... M-9 Lowell...... L-9 13 TRAVERSE River National Scenic Byway Arcadia...... H-8 Grand.Junction...... M-8 Parkville...... N-9 Stalwart...... D-11 41 Marinette Greene I Harbor Omena Torch Lake Lake 32 Thunder Comstock.Park...... K-9 Lucas...... H-9 S. Manitou I 66 Gaylord 23 Thunder Bay I N H R S Argyle...... J-14 Grand.Ledge...... L-10 Baileys Harbor 26 Elmira 13 75 282 F Parma...... M-11 1 BAY Standish...... I-12 Kangaroo S Intermediate 44 MONTMORENCY Bay Armada...... L-14 Concord...... M-11 Ludington...... I-7 1 Bay North Pt Grand.Marais...... B-8 Partello...... M-10 Stanton...... K-10 E Lake G Leland Lake Peshawbestown Lake Atlanta 6 Br Join.us.for.a.road.trip.along.our.3,200.miles.. Cone...... N-12 Lum...... K-13 42 Leelanau GRAND TRAVERSE 88 C 32 Herron Arnheim...... B-4 Grand.Rapids...... K-9 45TH PARALLEL OF LATITUDE Torch F Big L MAP SYMBOLS Paulding...... C-3 Stanwood...... J-9 BAND OF OTTAWA ANTRIM 42 South 23 Arnold...... D-5 Conklin...... K-8 Luna.Pier...... N-13 S Lake 42 Lake Grandville...... L-8 Paw.Paw...... M-8 7 AND CHIPPEWA 279 32 Vienna Fifteen Fletcher STATE PARK GREAT LAKES CIRCLE of.lakeshore.to.unspoiled.beaches.and.. Star.City...... H-10 Jacksonport Goodharbor 204 Otsego 34 Pond Devils Arthur...... J-12 Constantine...... N-9 Lupton...... H-12 Pyramid Pt INDIANS Old 6 Oak Grove Thunder Creek TOUR (SIGNED) Grant...... K-8 Pearl...... M-8 Carlsville Bay 1 Bellaire L Johannesburg L Stephenson...... E-5 Lake Clam Alba 2 Conway...... E-10 Luther...... I-9 Mission OTSEGO LAKE F L Ashley...... K-11 E Suttons 1 S 4 ALPENA NAT’L FOREST REC authentic.beach.towns..Michigan.is.a.four- Grass.Lake...... M-11 Pearl.Beach...... L-14 Sterling...... I-12 I Leelanau River Lake 1 Arbutus Big Bear 01 McCormick 33 Ossineke FERRY/BOATLINE Ashton...... I-9 Cooks...... D-7 Luzerne...... G-11. Glen 22 S Lake Bay Bellaire Otsego Turtle Beaver FACILITY Grattan...... K-9 Peck...... K-14 Sterling.Heights...... L-13 16 Leelanau L Beach L Avery Cr Lockwood Assinins...... B-4 Cooks.Corners...... K-9 Lyons...... K-10 Valmy Haven S Elk Kewadin Lake L F Lake L Wolf South Pt Grawn...... G-9 Pelkie...... B-3 Sturgeon Bay Clam L Mancelona C Tecon 38 L Turtle UNDERWATER season.state.where.our.beaches.beckon.you. Cooper.Center...... M-9 Steuben...... C-7 Rapids 65 NATIONAL PARK PRESERVE 15 L Assyria...... M-10 Grayling...... G-10 M Glen Arbor 38 West Lewiston Hubbard Lake UNDERWATER PRESERVE Pellston...... E-10 Stevensville...... N-7 R Lime 22 Antrim 270 North S Alden Waters Athens...... N-9 Coopersville...... K-8 Macatawa...... L-8 SLEEPING BEAR DUNES Glen L Bingham Bowers Twin L East Twin 30 to.walk,.explore,.swim.or.just.lounge.during.the. Green...... B-2 Penn...... N-8 Stirlingville...... C-11 NATIONAL LAKESHORE 9 Lake Maple Mapleton Hunt Spruce 32 LINEAR PARK PASSENGER Atlanta...... F-11 Copemish...... H-8 Mackinac.Island...... D-10 H Burdickville Cedar Harbor Bradford L NEGWEGON Greenbush...... G-13 109 8 City 131 L & AUTO FERRY Pentwater...... I-7 37 Br Big Wolf L Copper.City...... A-4 Stittsville...... H-10 Big Twin Atlantic.Mine...... A-4 Greenland...... B-3 Mackinaw.City...... D-10 Canal Elk Blue Black River summer..Or,.spend.a.relaxing.day.on.the.links.–. Pequaming...... B-4 Stockbridge...... M-11 20 Rapid City L 1 Tea L 19 SCENIC TURNOUT Atlas...... L-13 Copper.Harbor...... A-5 LEELANAU 31 10 Lake Lakes 1 Hubbard R PASSENGER FERRY Greenville...... K-9 Macomb...... L-14 Perkins...... D-6 G Empire Fouch Coral...... K-9 Stonington...... E-6 72 Barker 3 Lovells Comins Lake Attica...... K-13 Gregory...... M-12 Macon...... N-12 57 Sturgeon East Arm L 1 Manistee HARTWICK West Arm 264 ROADSIDE PARK Michigan.has.some.of.the.finest.golf.courses.in. Perrinton...... K-10 Stronach...... H-8 22 S Creek Frederic Atwood...... F-9 Cornell...... D-6 Madison.Heights...... M-13 TRAVERSE BatesSkegemog Lake PINES F COMMERCIAL HARBOR Grindstone.City...... I-14 Perronville...... D-6 Bay CITY 66 97 G Corunna...... K-11 Strongs...... C-10 C 17 72 Shamrock Crooked G Au.Gres...... I-12 Gros.Cap...... D-10 Mancelona...... G-10 DOOR Pearl L 8 Darragh the.country..Fall.welcomes.breathtaking.colors. Perry...... L-11 Sturgis...... N-9 Lake Traverse City Acme Williamsburg L Lake ComstockCr REST AREA* RECREATIONAL HARBOR Au.Sable...... H-13 Covert...... M-8 Manchester...... M-12 Bear L CRAWFORD OSCODA F Grosse.Ile...... M-13 Peshawbestown...... F-9 Maplewood Ann Crawford 93 F 41 Sturgeon Pt (STATE SPONSORED) Au.Train...... C-7 Covington...... C-4 Stutsmanville...... E-10 Brussels 259 72 ALCONA Grosse.Pointe...... M-14 Manistee...... H-7 Peters...... L-14 22 Bass Kalkaska L 26 32 REST AREA WITH FAMILY

9 Curran perfect.for.a.Pure.Michigan.road.trip,.and.the. Cross.Village...... E-10 Sullivan...... K-8 42 Betsie Pt Long 37 4 Fairview 12 7 Barton City Auburn...... J-12 5 Manistique...... D-8 7 Mio BATHROOM FACILITY* INTERNATIONAL Grosse.Pointe.Farms... M-14 Petersburg...... N-12 Forestville 22 L River 72 Red Oak Lincoln Summit.City...... H-9 Platte Lake Ann Lake 256 Pond Auburn.Hills...... L-13 Croswell...... K-14 Manitou.Beach...... N-11 I 31 Spider Jewell L 22 RAIL CROSSING abundant.lake-effect.snow.provides.the.perfect. Grosse.Pointe.Park...... M-14 Petoskey...... F-10 L Arbutus Boardman Sigma 75 River F Harrisville Augusta...... M-9 Croton...... J-9 Sumner...... K-10 Crystal Honor Grawn L L Middle Br Sable 32 McKinley 72 WELCOME CENTER Grosse.Pointe.Shores... M-14 Manton...... H-9 Pewamo...... K-10 26 River Interlochen Lake 16 Au Pine HARRISVILLE Crump...... J-11 Sumnerville...... N-8 Lake 31 Rennie Lake 4 W Br & REST AREA* RAIL PASSENGER Aura...... B-4 Grosse.Pointe.Woods... M-14 Maple.City...... G-8 Phoenix...... A-4 137 1 KALKASKA Margrethe Grayling 72 6 SERVICE backdrop.for.skiing.and.snowmobiling.. Sundell...... C-6 KEWAUNEE 115 7 Beulah GRAND 93 2 Mio R Austin...... N-10 Crystal...... K-10 Maple.Grove...... M-10 Frankfort Platte Bendon Green East Gulliver...... D-8 Pickford...... D-11 L Monroe Center Mayfield South 254 Luzerne Alcona WELCOME CENTER & REST Crystal.Falls...... D-4 Sunfield...... L-10 Lake KNEFF MACK F Mikado Averill...... J-11 Maple.Hill...... K-9 Rankin Benzonia Boardman LAKE Dam AREA WITH PLAY AREA* Gwinn...... C-6 Pierport...... H-8 Elberta 4 251 LAKE 16 30 OTHER RAIL Crystal.Valley...... J-8 Suttons.Bay...... G-9 54 The OnlineGrass INTERLOCHEN LearningTRAVERSE The FutureMICHIGAN of Unionized The Future of Oil andPond Gas inBr Pine Greenbush Avoca...... K-14 Maple.Rapids...... K-10 Algoma 168 186 Sharon NATIONAL GUARD Curtisville Glennie R Again,.welcome.to.Michigan.–.. Pierson...... K-9 L Duck 113 Br S Cunard...... E-5 H Swan.Creek...... J-12 M BENZIE Fife Lake MILITARY RESERVATION Azalia...... N-12 Maple.Ridge...... I-12 Casco Rio Karlin Lake 13 249 75 Cedar AIRPORT - 3,000-FOOT COUNTY LINE Hadley...... K-13 Pigeon...... I-13. 4 3 18 Mack L 23 Creek Kingsley NORTH Pine Curran...... G-12 Mapleton...... G-9 Swanson...... E-5 River 1 Lake PAVED & LIGHTED RUNWAY a.state.we.love.to.share. B Pinckney...... M-12 54 113 HIGGINS LAKE 1 33 Hale...... H-12 Upper Revolution 29 Government Michigan and the U.S Summit R Curtis...... C-8 Swartz.Creek...... K-12 Luxemburg Alaska South 5 COUNTY SEAT Bach...... J-13 Marcellus...... N-8 Pinconning...... I-12 Herring L 26 City 5 Smithville 206 1 Curtisville...... G-12 Hamburg...... M-12 Sylvan.Lake...... L-13 Walton 244 Loon L R COMMERCIAL AIRLINE Bad.Axe...... I-13 Marengo...... M-10 75 Au Hamilton...... L-8 Pine.Creek...... M-9 35 65 Van AIRPORT Custer...... I-8 Sylvester...... J-9 Thompsonville Island L STATE CAPITAL Marenisco...... C-2 8 Higgins Roscommon Ettan L Sincerely, Arcadia Betsie 4 River ble South Bailey...... K-8 Pine.River...... I-12 18 Sa R ISLAND Sable Hamlin.Lake...... I-7 1 Au Cutlerville...... L-9 Marine.City...... L-14 irtual learningBuckley has the potentialB.R. Moorestownovernment-sectorLake unions have LAKEhe future of the Branchstate’s and MILITARY AIR BASE (LANSING) Baldwin...... I-8 T Ellisville 26 34 Hamtramck...... M-13 Pinnebog...... I-13 31 115 Manistee 131 127 239 River Marion...... I-10 Tallman...... I-8 Kewaunee Copemish Au Long N Banat...... E-5 D Hancock...... A-4 Pittsford...... N-11 Bear Higgins Lupton N Oscoda 29 Stittsville SOUTH Sable L Lake MONUMENT CARPOOL LOT** PRIMARY ELK RANGE Bancroft...... L-12 Dafter...... C-11 Marion.Springs...... K-11 Plainfield...... M-11 Tapiola...... B-4 Pierport L 32 to revolutionizeSherman learning for been at the centerLake HIGGINS of several key Clear Rosethe City nation’s energy supply N Hanover...... N-11 LAKE Au Sable

A U K E E 1 Banfield...... M-9 Daggett...... E-5 Marlette...... K-13 Tawas.City...... H-12 Manton M I S S 201 F L Rifle L IOS CO Grass Harbert...... N-7 Plainwell...... M-9 Stangelville 22 Bear Lake Marl L 18 2 28 Long L Silver Bangor...... M-8 Dansville...... M-11 Marne...... K-8 Taylor...... M-13 42 Bear V 13 66 G Lake T Loon Lake INDIAN RESERVATION PRIMARY MOOSE RANGE Pleasant.Lake...... M-11 42 George Rick.Snyder,.Governor. Harbor.Beach...... I-14 many students,Mesick but legal restrictions191 legislative debates this year: enhancedSt. Helen St. Helen was the timelyRIFLE topic of L the Nov. 9 Bankers...... N-10 Darragh...... G-10 Marquette...... C-6 Tecumseh...... N-12 Kaleva River RIVER L Indian H Harbor.Springs...... E-10 Pleasant.Ridge...... M-13 Onekama Long Lake Hale HOSPITAL WITH A PHYSICIAN ON DUTY AND/OR ON CALL H Marshall...... M-10 Yuma Meauwataka 16 Londo L Cr Davisburg...... L-13 Cr Star Bannister...... K-11 Pleasant.Valley...... J-11 Tekonsha...... N-10 L Missaukee Houghton ROUND 33 24 HOURS A DAY TO PROVIDE EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE Hardwood...... D-5 Portage L 20 City A Lakes LAKE Au Sable Pt Davison...... K-13 Martin...... M-9 Temperance...... N-13 Norwalk threaten to limit this innovative Jennings emergency financialLake Heightsmanager powers, Issues & Ideas Forum,Sage moderated Tawas Baraga...... B-4 Pleasant.View...... E-10 WEXFORD 55 222 (See inset maps for additional hospital locations) Harper.Woods...... M-14 ORCHARD 37 18 Houghton 157 OGEMAW L Sand L Lake

Barbeau...... C-11 Dayton...... N-7 Marysville...... K-14 Theodore...... D-5 BEACH MANISTEE B.R. Lake City Merritt 194 227 Harrietta 25 B Harrietta...... H-9 Plymouth...... M-13 Two 9Lake 12 Tawas City *Accessible to people with disabilities Bark.River...... E-6 Dearborn...... M-13 Mashek...... D-5 Thomaston...... B-1 LITTLE RIVER BAND OF 131 55 Selkirk 15 R TAWAS POINT Harris...... E-6 Pointe.Aux.Pins...... E-11 Creeks 115 WM. 183 5 16 CENTRAL TIME ZONE Brethrentool for Michigan’s public school limits on health benefits, restrictions by Senior Environmental Policy55 Mason...... L-11 OTTAWA INDIANS TIPPY DAM 215 **For more information on carpool lots, visit: www.michigan.gov/carpool Dearborn.Heights...... M-13 Thompson...... D-7 15 MITCHELL Butterfield Houghton Barker.Creek...... G-9 EASTERN TIME ZONE Boon Prudenville 55 Harrisburg...... K-8 Pokagon...... N-8 Parkdale Manistee Cadillac Twin National East Tawas Decatur...... N-8 Mass.City...... B-3 Thompsonville...... H-8 River Lake Lake 5 Hardwood Baroda...... N-7 Harrison...... I-10 Polaski...... F-12 Mitchell 180 9 55 Prosper 189 Lakes West Branch 75 City Manistee Falmouth L Whittemore McIvor Tawas Bay Decker...... J-13 Matchwood...... B-2 A Barryton...... J-10 Harrisville...... G-13 Pompeii...... K-11 Thornville...... K-13 43 25students. To discuss theHEMLOCK future of placed on automatic-step salary Analyst Russell Lake Harding. Panelists Eastlake Wellston u PORT GYPSUM Moddersville 10 23 Deckerville...... J-14 Matherton...... K-10 55 6 Three.Lakes...... C-4 18 ROS C OMMON Ogemaw Barton.City...... G-12 Rifle Pontiac...... L-13 Lucas 5 1 Harsens.Island...... L-14 G Manistee L 55 3 Vogel 212 Alabaster Deer.Park...... B-9 Mattawan...... N-8 Three.Oaks...... N-7 F 12 Prescott r 7 Barton.Hills.Village.... M-12 Port.Austin...... I-13 147 Stronach 176 177 McBain 33 65 es Hart...... J-7 Francis online learning and the policies that increasesCenter — even1 the definition 97of included Hal Fitch, Director of the 2 30 River Little Pine 29 Batavia...... N-10 Deerfield...... N-12 Maybee...... N-13 Three.Rivers...... N-9 Filer City Dublin SAND LAKE Pine 8 F Elk Hartford...... M-8 Port.Hope...... I-14 Creek Lake 14 18 Skidway Lake Deerton...... C-6 Mayfield...... G-9 Manistee Hoxeyville Lake Bates...... G-9 Hartland...... L-12 Port.Huron...... K-14 Tipton...... N-12 Deford...... J-13 Mayville...... K-13 Toivola...... A-3 310 LAKE MICHIGAN affect it, the Mackinac Center this fall what constitutes a public employee. Office of Geological Survey, and Bath...... L-11 Harvey...... C-6 Port.Sanilac...... J-14 RECREATION AREA 24 26 202 Alger Turner Delano...... I-12 McBain...... H-9 Two Rivers Meredith Lake Maple Ridge White Stone Pt Battle.Creek...... M-10 Haslett...... L-11 Portage...... M-9 Toledo.Beach...... N-13 Big Sable Irons Rifle 21 Leota Lancer Twining Bauer...... L-8 Delaware...... A-4 McBride...... K-10 Tompkins.Center...... M-11 Bristol Tustin 115 Marion R Pt Aux Barques Hastings...... L-9 Portland...... L-10 hosted three panel events in Traverse Labor experts addressedLong these andHockaday Karen Alderman14 Halbert, presidentDelano Big River 168 127 Bay.City...... J-12 Delta.Twp...... L-10 McCarron...... C-11 Posen...... F-12. Topinabee...... E-11 Freesoil 20 Rose Lake ARE NAC Grindstone City Hawks...... F-12 River Bass River Dighton PORT Delton...... M-9 McDonald...... M-8 151 LAKE MICHIGAN CARFERRY SERVICE INC. 31 L Cedar 18 Bay.Harbor...... F-10 Torch.Lake...... F-9 Hamlin Lake Lake 1 66 River CRESCENT Hazel.Park...... M-13 Poseyville...... J-11 8 B.R. 176 75 Omer Huron City Delwin...... J-10 McFarland...... C-6 Tower...... F-11 Manitowoc DAILY SERVICE EARLY MAY-MID OCT. Fountain Ford City, Grand Rapids, and Birmingham. other issues at the Center’s6 and CEO of theSterling U.S. ChamberRiver Pt Lookout Charity I Bay.Mills...... C-10 Hell...... M-12 Potterville...... L-10 131 Leroy 127 River R RAu Gres Port Lake Luther GLA DWIN Cr De.Tour.Village...... D-12 McGregor...... J-14 LUDINGTON Temple 195 Austin Bay.Park...... J-12 Powers...... E-5 Traunik...... C-6 61 6 Pratt Helmer...... C-9 Little 25 H Detroit...... M-13 McIvor...... H-12 Hogback Hicks L WILSON L 30 9 ALBERT E. 25 Bay.Port...... I-13 Traverse.City...... G-9 116 MASON More thanWolf 200 Lake attended the panels Oct. 5 Issues19 and IdeasBudd Dodge forum City of Commerce’s Institute23 Pine River for 21st Charity I SLEEPER Hemans...... J-13 Prairieville...... M-9 42 L River Harrison Gladwin 53 Devereaux...... M-10 McKinley...... G-12 Hamlin Lake Round Wolf L 162 L Wiggins Lake Molasses 190 Bay.Shore...... F-10 Prattville...... N-11 Trenary...... C-6 6 Pt Au Gres River Hemlock...... J-11 Lake 159 OSCEOLA 61 DeWitt...... L-11. McMillan...... C-9 Tallman Hersey C L A R E 3 Kinde Port Hope Trenton...... M-13 9 17 Standish 29 Bay.View...... E-10 Prescott...... H-12 LAKE Lake1 George 170 15 3 R Pinnebog Henderson...... K-11 w Walhalla 7 I and another 400 viewed via webcasts. on “The Future of Unionized Century Energy. o Meade...... L-14 10 9 Custer Wooden Bentley 3 Dexter...... M-12 Ashton North 188 l Triangle.Ranch...... C-4 R Beacon...... C-5 Long L l Herman...... B-4 Presque.Isle...... F-12 i

31 Shoe 7 Ludington Muskegon Lake 168 Sand Pt New Dighton...... I-9 Mears...... J-7 Marquette 10 Caseville 1 W Beal.City...... J-10 Trimountain...... A-3 170 River Winegars g Hermansville...... E-5 Prosper...... H-10 Scottville 22 Cr George Br Saganing o Filion Br b 7 Middle Meauwataka...... H-9 e Bear.Lake...... H-8 Dimondale...... L-11. Trout.Creek...... C-3 Pere Branch Panelists included superintendents, Government.”Big SAGINAW CHIPPEWA U Herron...... F-12 Prudenville...... H-10 BaldwinIdlewild Nirvana Evart Sears 1 RhodesAs HardingCr says, “Federal Wild n 166 115 Half INDIAN TRIBE n Mecosta...... J-9 Baldwin Mud L 9 i Beaverton...... I-11 Dixboro...... M-12 Trout.Lake...... C-10 E B.R. BOWMAN BRIDGE MICHIGAN Beaverton Mount North I Fowl Pulaski...... M-11 Chase Reed P Hersey...... I-9 10 9 Moon M 1 Bay Rapson Harbor Beach Dodgeville...... A-4 Melstrand...... C-7 31 10 1 Lake 162 WELCOME CENTER Estey Forest HURON Bedford...... M-9 Troy...... L-13 a e R City 2 River Hesperia...... J-8 Pullman...... M-8 Pere r tt 8 5 Pinconning Heisterman Island Melvin...... K-14 31 representativesBr ofque online20 153 learning The panel included10 David Masud, and state government181 policy Beebe...... K-11 Dollar.Bay...... A-4 Hessel...... D-11 Trufant...... K-9 43 Oxbow L M Hersey Albright Bay Port Pigeon Elkton H Lake 10 Tittabawassee Dollarville...... C-9 Melvindale...... M-13 Q Turner...... I-12 Bass Big B.R. 115 Clare Tobacco 18 Shores Cr Maisou Bad Axe Verona 142 Belding...... K-9 Hickory.Corners...... M-9 Star Eight 160 S 22 Island 142 Memphis...... L-14 Quanicassee...... J-12 L 37 10 Crooked Br Pinconning Cr Bell.Oak...... L-11 Donken...... A-3 Tuscola...... K-12 42 B.R. programsL and national experts, as Point L Farwell 158 SAGINAW S 22 18 labor and L employment attorney; is subsidizing and mandating h Higgins.Lake...... H-10 23 Middle Grounds R Quimby...... L-9 25 B.R. e Dorr...... L-9 Mendon...... N-9 Tustin...... I-9 CHARLES 31 158 Loomis Edenville b Bellaire...... F-9 K Island e Falls 0 127 Highland...... L-12 Quincy...... N-10 MEARS 4 17 o 1 n Pigeon

21 53 Belleville...... M-13 Doster...... M-9 Menominee...... F-5 Twin.Lake...... K-8 Crystal Valley Littlefield L BAY BAY 25 Cr Highland.Park...... M-13 Quinnesec...... D-5 Pentwater well as Education Policy Director TomBrinton Eaton, theVernon main Center 156labor Hopealternative energy, which is more 5 River Elm

Bellevue...... M-10. Douglas...... L-8 Meredith...... I-11 Twin.Lakes...... B-3 154 Lilley Crump 1 Cr Barryton Owendale 7 Hilliards...... L-9 School Paris Chippewa Sebewaing Rock Ruth Belmont...... K-9 Dowagiac...... N-8 Meridian.Twp...... L-11 R Twining...... I-12 B.S. Section L Bitely 29 142 Stevenson L Coleman Linwood 1 Ubly Hillman...... F-12. B Lake 173 Dowling...... M-9 Merrill...... J-11 Raber...... D-11 31 MichaelNichols Van Beek.96 “More schools Chippewa Parisville White Rock Bendon...... G-8 Hillsdale...... N-11 Two.Heart...... B-9 Pentwater negotiatorI S A Bfor E L L Oakland A 127 County; expensive for consumersBAY CITY and Sheboygan P Walkerville 7 27 Bach en L Lake Kawkawlin 13 O Drenthe...... L-8 Merriman...... D-4 Raco...... C-10 Tyre...... J-14 L Br tw Jehnsen 10 Bennington...... L-11 Hockaday...... I-11 S ate Big Rapids Rosebush 149 North Forestville A r Gagetown 30 Drummond...... D-12 Merritt...... H-10 Ralph...... D-5 Mears Ri Brohman L Martiny L Weidman Beal Bentley...... I-11 149 v 3 Bradley Kawkawlin Tyre Minden City Hodunk...... N-10 U er thanWoodland ever are using online139 learning Delwin Willard 168 Unionville Silver Volney Rodney BarbaraLake Ruga,City one of the1 state’s business, while failing to deliver new Benton.Harbor...... M-7 Dryden...... K-13 Merriweather...... B-2 Ramsay...... C-1 Park B.R. Horsehead Mount Sanford 7 247 Bay Park New Greenleaf Holland...... L-8 Ubly...... J-14 L Hart Lake Isabella 6 Cr Dublin...... H-8 Mesick...... H-9 Randville...... D-4 Campbell 131 Leaton 164 30 Benzonia...... G-8 Holloway...... N-12 Unadilla...... M-12 Crystal L Lake Coldwater Pleasant Averill R 75 Wisner Colling Metamora...... K-13 Rankin...... L-12 L to supplement their programs,” said Lake ewa 75 Elk Bergland...... B-2 Dundee...... N-12 SILVER LAKE McLaren MECOSTAleadingIsabella experts on collective144 Chipp jobs. Meanwhile, there isEssexville a revolution Colwood 19 Palms Union...... N-8 11 Holly...... L-12 MICHIGAN OCEANA WISCONSIN 15 L 25 Auburn Indian Cr NEWAYGO 23 Mecosta Richmondville Dunningville...... L-8 Metz...... F-12 Ransom...... N-11 20 143 20 B.R. 162 H Cass Berkley...... M-13 Holt...... L-11 Union.City...... N-10 144 Shelby White R 21 24 N L 4 81 Durand...... L-12 Michiana...... N-7 Rapid.City...... G-9 Diamond 10 4 25 2 River City Berrien.Center...... N-8 Ferry N Br Van Beek, author of a 2011 study 20 Oil City 10 12 Akron 25 Holton...... J-8 Union.Lake...... L-13 Cr Lake Midland

B bargaining in public education;3 SAGINAW and River in natural gas15 developmentsBAY … Argyle Dutton...... L-9 Michigamme...... C-4 Rapid.River...... D-6 Remus B.R. Quanicassee 19 Berrien.Springs...... N-7 Homer...... M-10 Union.Pier...... N-7 15 CHIPPEWA 1 Deckerville

29 L AND University 3

Michigan.Center...... M-11 Rapson...... I-14 20 17 131 Stanwood 127 INDIAN MID 2 CITY 139 LA 1 J Berville...... L-14 E Homestead...... C-11 Unionville...... J-13 StonyStony L 20 Millbrook TRIBE 1 Center 26 TUSCO Deford Cherry Cr onHesperia virtual learning (www.mackinac.20 River Sylvester 66 9 8 R Middleton...... K-10 Rattle.Run...... L-14 New PINES POINT 131 Paul Kersey, the Center’s directorPleasant Poseyville[that]Freeland have the potential155 to provide138 Bessemer...... C-1 Eagle...... L-10 140 13 McGregor Honor...... G-8 University.Center...... J-12 Era Robinson White Cloud Winn 135 84 Gilford Fairgrove Bete.Grise...... A-5 Eagle.Harbor...... A-4 Middleville...... L-9 Ravenna...... K-8 Lake Altona Valley 13 15 Munger Caro Forester Hope...... J-11 Utica...... L-13 31 e Laporte 47 16 6 Midland...... J-11 Ray.Center...... L-14 Crystal L NEWAYGO usk gon Blanchard Shepherd Zilwaukee Bethel...... N-10 Eagle.River...... A-4 8 136 120org/14440). “We are offering Ma 153 Wilmot Decker 125 16 River Hopkins...... L-8 Rustford of labor policy. The forum13 was significant new jobs in Michigan.” r I V Rothbury e Long Mikado...... G-13 Reading...... N-10 v Carrollton Indiantown R Reese 20 Port Sanilac

Beulah...... G-8 East.Gilead...... N-10 Horton...... M-11 Ri B Fremont L Morley Townline L 127 Hemans Snover 15 46 Valley.Center...... K-14 6 Milan...... N-12 Red.Oak...... G-11 86 Saginaw Elmer Black Beverly.Hills...... L-13 East.Grand.Rapids...... L-9 Oxbow B.R. Twp. 81 8 Horton.Bay...... F-10 Vandalia...... N-8 131 valuableFremont service12 in educating the 7 Watrousville Kingston Carsonville Wyman 3 Milford...... L-12 Redford.Twp...... M-13 Croton Tamarackattended by severalForest policymakers Hill 127 Pine and 58 Arthur Cass Evergreen Sandusky Big.Bay...... B-5 East.Jordan...... F-10 Houghton...... A-4 4 Lake Amble Lakeview L Wheeler Hemlock 9Shields 3 Richville 15 5 Millbrook...... J-10 Redridge...... A-3 Vanderbilt...... F-10 White B Brunswick Little Six Lakes Cedar 2 8 46 L 15 Big.Rapids...... J-9 East.Lansing...... L-11 Montague 23 Reeman Cr 82 120 46 Vestaburg 23 127A 127 St. Louis 28 46 46 Cat SANI L A C

Houghton.Heights...... H-10 10 149 Buena R 2 Applegate Vandercook.Lake...... M-11 128 Holton 10 Lake 13 L 53 1 Bingham...... G-9. Millburg...... N-7 Reed.City...... I-9 5 public15 and providing15 a forum for 127 B Merrill Vista Vassar 1 East.Leroy...... M-10 118 1 Houghton.Lake...... H-10 Vassar...... J-12 Whitehall Lakewood Run Newaygo legislative staffers.Elwell Altogether, moreBreckenridge SAGINAW 675 Gera Shay R For FREE vacation information, write or call: Millecoquins...... D-9 Reeman...... J-8 B 82 Edmore Elk Bingham.Farms...... M-13 East.Saugatuck...... L-8 Howard.City...... J-9 Club 120 17 Brooks Howard MONTCALM Riverdale Swan Bridgeport Lake Watertown Travel Michigan, Lansing, MI 48909-6128 Millersburg...... F-11 Reese...... J-12 Vermontville...... L-10 B.R. 126 35 River Lake Bills City 124 123 83 Tuscola Marlette Birch.Run...... K-12 East.Tawas...... H-13 Howardsville...... N-9 White L 31 10 B Dry 37 Coral Alma 7 Creek 144 Vernon...... L-12 Twin 31schoolBridgeton leadersHess to L exchangeLake ideas.” 91 than 600McBride attendedElm or Hall viewedB.R. the Garfield R Mayville 19 Millington...... K-13 Remus...... J-10 8 Beebe 5 114 Maple Shiawassee Croswell Toll-free: 888-784-7328 Birmingham...... L-13 Eastlake...... H-8 Lakes Twin Lake Ransom L 1 24 Howell...... L-12 6 1 127 Minden.City...... J-14 Vernon.Center...... J-10 Duck L DUCK LAKE Sand L Grant Entrican National Wildlife 19 Murphy Bitely...... J-8 Eastmanville...... K-8 Republic...... C-5 121 Muskegon Hill 1 Frankenmuth Silverwood Hoxeyville...... H-9 Whitefish 119 Refuge Fosters 11 Lake Clifford Lexington Trufant Clifford 2 Verona...... I-14 Ensley Pierson 16 Sumner MICHIGAN WELCOME CENTERS Mio...... G-11 Rexton...... D-9 MUSKEGON Lake L Edgewood St. Charles 13 23 54 Peck Black.River...... G-13 Eastpointe...... M-14 Hubbard.Lake...... G-12 Center 46 eventDerby Stantonvia webcast. Ithaca 90

117 River Vestaburg...... J-10 14 Moddersville...... H-10 Rhodes...... I-11 8 R Millington 6 14 Travel directions, information, maps, literature on attractions and Blaine...... K-14 Eastport...... F-9 Bass 1 Langston 83 North Hubbardston...... K-10 Vickeryville...... K-10 118 L Duck River 19 1 River Mohawk...... A-4 Richland...... M-9 North Muskegon 4 110 Sand Lake Lake Crystal Sickles Fergus 136 Fostoria Branch 14 Brown activities, free telephone reservation service. Blanchard...... J-10 Eaton.Rapids...... M-10 Hubbell...... A-4 116 Bailey 66 L L GRATIOT Burt Moline...... L-9 Richmond...... L-14 Vicksburg...... N-9 MUSKEGON B Lincoln TurkSidney Brant 2 R 90 City BLUE WATER Lower Peninsula. Upper Peninsula Blaney.Park...... D-8 Eau.Claire...... N-8 Hudson...... N-11 35 Casnovia Cedar Birch Roseburg BRIDGE (TOLL) Monroe...... N-13 Richmondville...... J-14 Victoria...... B-2 114 Wolf Lake 21 131 Lake L Crystal North Star Marion Millers 8 17 Run 20

Gowen M 14 Bliss...... E-10 Eben.Junction...... C-6 MUSKEGON S AGI NAW iste 75 5 Burnside US-127.Clare.•.US-23.Dundee.•.I-69.Coldwater US-2/141.Iron.Mountain.•.US-2.Ironwood Hudsonville...... L-8 46 Kent City 10 104 Springs Holland L Springs g Otter Lake Lake Amador Monroe.Center...... G-9 Vienna...... F-11 Sheridan u Richville...... J-12 113 Bad 5 Blissfield...... N-12 Eckerman...... C-10 Cr Chesaning a Barnes Pompeii Shiawassee Otisville Melvin Hulbert...... C-10 Cr y Clio 12 I-75.Detroit.•.I-75.Mackinaw.City.•.I-75.Monroe.. US-41.Marquette.•.US-41.Menominee Montague...... J-7 Vogel.Center...... H-10 Muskegon L B.R. Black Long Vickeryville Butternut Middleton Ashley Montrose 131 3 57 Lake Valley Bloomfield.Hills...... L-13 Eckford...... M-10 Ridgeway...... N-12 B Ravenna Lake KENT 20 57 Columbiaville Jeddo Hunters.Creek...... K-13 31 112 Cr Flint Center 25 I-94.New.Buffalo.•.I-94.Port.Huron.. I-75.Sault.Ste..Marie.•.I-75.St..Ignace Monterey...... L-8 Riga...... N-12 Volney...... J-8 Roosevelt Park 72 Harrisburg Camp 18 9 26 8 Kings Mill Ecorse...... M-13 12110 57 57 12 Blaine Bloomfield.Twp...... L-13 Huntington.Woods.... M-13 B Sullivan Lake 109 13 Layton Lakeport . Vriesland...... L-8 1 B Perrinton River Oakley GENESEE1 Cr Montgomery...... N-10 Riggsville...... E-10 9 Carson 15 14 31 101 8 Rainbow 3 Muskegon Heights 72 Myers Greenville Fenmore Corners Flint Yale K Bloomingdale...... M-8 Edenville...... I-11 Wabasis Bannister R Huron.Beach...... E-11 Vulcan...... D-5 Sparta Lake City Lake 126 Mt. Morris L APEER Mill Fargo Montrose...... K-12 from8 Page 3 Riley.Center...... K-14 4 Byargaining17 Agreements R Bolton...... F-12 Edgewood...... K-11 Norton Shores 109 er L Bridgeville Mott Lake LAKEPORT Huron.City...... I-14 Fruitport k Conklin Fenwick 15 13 Long L Moorepark...... M-9 c Rockford Chapin Mt. Morris ONT Ripley...... A-4 W P. J. HOFFMASTER 7 107 5 o 54 TEMPORARY MICHIGAN AIR Boon...... H-9 Edmore...... J-10 r Twp.125 Genesee 9 Lum L 13 S T C North Hyde...... E-6 Cooks New Lothrop 2 Little Black L C 97 Silver Bostwick WELCOME CENTER 20 Moorestown...... H-10 River.Rouge...... M-13 Wacousta...... L-10 105 31 Belding Palo Hubbardston 1 Brockway 136 Street Borculo...... L-8 Edwardsburg...... N-8 Spring Nunica 37 95 Belmont L L Corners Long L Maple Eureka 52 Flushing Lapeer (PORT HURON) Port 1 I Moran...... D-10 Riverdale...... J-10 Wadhams...... K-14 Ferrysburg 9 Coopersville 44 Rapids 10 Henderson 13 122 FLINT Imlay Avoca 8 Elsie 1 Boston...... A-4 Elba...... K-13 L 7 7 Bella Big Juddville Fort Gratiot Huron Pt.

104B 17 Elba Attica 5 Ida...... N-13 Morenci...... N-11 LAKE EXPRESS CARFERRY SERVICE TO MUSKEGON AREA 12 Davison Ruby Riverside...... M-7 Wakefield...... C-1 DAILY SERVICE MAY - DECEMBER Grand Haven A 104 96 19 91 Vista Crooked Grattan le Matherton Flint City Boyne.City...... F-10 Elberta...... G-8 Spring Orleans p 99 Carland 10 159 Capac Edward Idlewild...... I-8 10 Comstock Park 9 Lake a Twp. 7 1 Wadhams Morley...... J-9 Riverview...... M-13 Wakelee...... N-8 attention16 is the extent to which contractsSmyrna protect government employees from discipline. InA TaylorW ASSEE County, nonrecurring 155 3 Emmett 402 M 16 Goodells Boyne.Falls...... F-10 Elk.Rapids...... G-9 Lake Grand 13 23 26 28 3 SHI 194 196 5 8 6 69 Imlay.City...... K-13 Morrice...... L-11 Rives.Junction...... M-11 3 44 Cannonsburg Shepardsville 12 143 149 153 24 163 69 184 40 Bradley...... L-9 Elkton...... I-13 Waldenburg...... L-14 GRAND HAVEN St. Johns Ovid 13 Nepessing L 168 19 198 Indian.River...... E-10 Moscow...... N-11 Marne Murray L Muir Pewamo 28 96 17 21 4 Burton 145 Hunters 176 69 Roberts.Landing...... L-14 Waldron...... N-11 MILWAUKEE 24 7 21 3 3 Creek Belle 180 Brampton...... D-6 Ellsworth...... F-9 Ionia 3 Riley Director Kirk T. Steudle, P.E. Indiantown...... J-12 Eastmanvilledisciplinary records7 4 are removed on request after two21 years (one Fowleryear if the2 issue is minor). In Detroit,Corunna Lennon letters of131 Hadley Dryden 189 271 Mosherville...... N-10 5 128 8 Branch...... I-8 Elm.Hall...... K-10 Rochester...... L-13 Walhalla...... I-8 Lamont Walker Stony Owosso 123 115 475 Thornville Center Kimball 269 Sarnia Ingalls...... E-5 Allendale GRAND RAPIDS Lyons Cr B.R. 71 11 4 Grand Atlas River 19 Mottville...... N-9 Rochester.Hills...... L-13 Walker...... K-9 45 4 4 127 5 Allenton Marysville Brant...... K-11 Elmer...... J-14 Agnew 6 196 15 IONIA 127 Bennington 54 Blanc METAMORA-HADLEY Lamb Inkster...... M-13 Mount.Clemens...... L-14 Rock...... D-6 21 reprimandRiver are removed E. after two years regardless of recurrence. Contracts with police officer unions alsoSwartz often include90 Metamora Almont Smiths 266 Bravo...... M-8 Elmira...... F-10 Walkerville...... J-8. OTTAWA 11 Ada IONIA Westphalia 91 2 Corunna West 5 Grand 6 Vernon 118 Creek Berville Creek Rattle 94 STATE TRANSPORTATION Interlochen...... G-8 Mount.Forest...... I-11 Rockford...... K-9 Grandville 21 20 53 Wallace...... F-5 Pigeon 109 Big Fish L River Breckenridge...... J-11 Elsie...... K-11 Olive Rapids 43 SLEEPY 4 Rankin 88 Goodrich Memphis Run 40 Ionia...... K-10 Mount.Morris...... K-12 L 15 Lowell Saranac 66 C L I N T O N HOLLOW 1 Durand Columbus COMMISSION Rockland...... B-3 Walled.Lake...... M-13 13 Laingsburg 12 Lake 262 St. 29 Breedsville...... M-8 Elwell...... J-10 Iron.Mountain...... D-4 clausesBauer Jenisonproviding4 for11 arbitration9 Cascade of discipline, such as in Detroit, Novi and Dearborn Heights, all of which make police ORTONVILLE Leonard Mooretown Mount.Pleasant...... J-10 Georgetown 59 8 13 84 Fenton Armada Rockwood...... N-13 Borculo Kentwood 13 Bancroft Clair Jerrold M. Jung, Chairman Brethren...... H-8 Emmett...... K-14 Walloon.Lake...... F-10 Twp. Wyoming 44 64 Portland 113 106 Lakeville Iron.River...... D-3 Muir...... K-10 67 15 67 River Oakwood 94 Brevort...... D-10 Empire...... G-8 Rodney...... J-9 Walton...... H-9 Hudsonville 46 86 69 Gaines Newark Ortonville Lake Ted B. Wahby, Vice Chairman Irons...... I-8 New 64 Cutlerville 96 DeWitt 105 23 75 Oxford Richmond Mullett.Lake...... E-11 Rogers.City...... E-12 31 departments less77 accountable9 to the52 public. 19 73 Wacousta 101 257 Courtright Linda Miller Atkinson Bridgeport...... J-12 Engadine...... D-9 Waltz...... N-13 Holland 121 196 6 Alto Morrison L B 6 Linden Lakeville MACOMB 6 76 Ironton...... F-9 Mulliken...... L-10 196 62 1 77 96 Looking 87 1 HOLLY Bridgeton...... K-8 Ensign...... D-7 Rollin...... N-11 Warren...... M-13 3 5 76 11 15 Campau Clarksville Glass 85 82A 98 Morrice 79 SEVEN 1 Adair Scan this code with your Lake Zeeland Alaska 86 9 Bath Byron LAKES 6 Romeo Ray James S. Scalici Ironwood...... C-1 Munger...... J-12 Rome.Center...... N-11 14 75 Dutton Lake 50 Lake 4 84 69 Perry Holly 15 Orion Lake Lake Orion Bridgeville...... K-11 Ensley.Center...... K-9 Washington...... L-13 HOLLAND Macatawa Jamestown 23 Tupper Grand 84 89 94 78 Center China smartphone to go directly to the Isabella...... D-7 5 We can anticipate74 a wide range of reasons why Michiganders would be interestedEast in viewing these contracts, but the Davis- BALD New 19 Casco Charles F. Moser Munising...... C-7 Romeo...... L-13 Vriesland Byron Caledonia Odessa L 92 98 Clarkston MOUNTAIN Bridgewater...... M-12 Entrican...... K-10 Waterford...... L-13 55 dwat R Cr Mulliken Eagle 4 Shafts- Lobdell Haven l er 90 6 Cohoctah 77 burg 24 Wilkesport Todd Wyett Ishpeming...... C-5 Munith...... M-11 Romulus...... M-13 Ottawa Beach 52 Center Co Duck Woodbury 96 Lansing burg Fenton 89 Goodison Marine Mi Drive Web site for traffic and Bridgman...... N-7 Epoufette...... D-10 Waterford.Twp...... L-13 7 Drenthe 72 Jordan L 8 Lake Peters Ithaca...... K-11 Munson...... N-11 43 69 127 Haslett Rose 93 91 Meade 248 City construction information about Brighton...... M-12 Epsilon...... F-10 Roosevelt.Park...... K-8 Waterloo...... M-11 Macatawa best reasons might beGreen the L ones20 Thornapple we can’t anticipate: local conditions93 mightDelta make69 an innocuous-looking52 contract clause75 Runyan a OAKL 75AND Washington L GUN LAKE 131 Freeport 17 Rochester Anchorville 7 Munuscong...... C-11 2 Sunfield 20 Meridian Bell Oak 1 Center 84 Chesterfield Fair Haven Sombra 3 Woodland Twp. Lake 10 2

J Roscommon...... H-11 Graafschap 49 Overisel TRIBE Grand 1 Big Lake Hills 9 4 5 Oak Grove Waters...... G-10 Burnips Moline 13 24 247 U.S., Interstate and M routes. Brimley...... C-11 Erie...... N-13 Racine 68 43 496 76 Twp. Tipsico Lake 81 Twp. Port Jackson...... M-11 Muskegon...... K-7 Rose.Center...... L-12 EATON Ledge 95 Angelus 83 Rochester Shelby 19 Roberts Brinton...... J-10 Escanaba...... E-6 Watersmeet...... C-2 Holland 196 4 Coats Williamston Lake PONTIAC LAKE Waterford Macomb 29 New St. Clair Becher 44 East budget-buster;Fillmore24 Rabbit Dorr petty political intrigues can create opportunities for payoffs9 buried496 in agreements. These are the sorts70 Clydeof Lambton Jacobsville...... B-4 Muskegon.Heights...... K-8 Rose.City...... H-11 A Algonquin 100 72 97 Okemos 43 Webberville GS T ON White Pontiac 79 Twp. Landing Free distribution to nonprofit organizations Bristol...... I-9 Essexville...... J-12 Watertown...... J-14 Saugatuck 37 Middleville Grove 50 Red LIVIN 10 Baltimore ALGONAC Hilliards Lake LANSING 7 L Lake 75 PONTIAC 241 Jamestown...... L-8 Roseburg...... K-14 Hamilton 64 Wayland R 66 5 14 117 Fowlerville Hartland Waterford Utica Waldenburg 3 Anchor Bay SAUGATUCK 10 106 DODGE 150

Estey...... I-11 Watervliet...... N-8 37 5 Algonac Britton...... N-12 N R 41 Hastings Highland BROS. Twp. 240

New Barlow 1 Pearl Beach Jasper...... N-12 Rosebush...... J-10 Saugatuck things that local residents1 YANKEE SPRINGS may sniff out as they look over1 the products70 98 4 of96 collective bargaining. 11 White Lake Auburn 59 9 110 NO. 4 Brockway...... K-14 Estral.Beach...... N-13 Nadeau...... E-5 Watrousville...... J-13 2 9 122 12 59 Richmond Lake R Thornapple Vermontville 101 6 96 Sylvan Hills Mount Jeddo...... K-14 Roseville...... M-14 Douglas 61 Potterville 129 67 HIGHLAND Union Lake Sterling Clinton Sans Souci Brohman...... J-8 Eureka...... K-11 Nahma...... D-7 Watson...... D-6 40 Monterey Hopkins R 179 2 Lake Dimondale Holt 70 Cedar Keego Harbor Clemens Jenison...... L-8 Rothbury...... J-7 31 Silver 17 Quimby 12 Howell Lake Lake 53 Twp. Wallaceburg Bronson...... N-10 Evart...... I-9 Nahma.Junction...... D-7 Watson...... M-9 A 43 7 133 8 Milford Commerce Bloomfield Hts. Harsens 154 SM Lake Our research showsBradley that collectiveOtis bargaining under current state66 law99 does not serve the52 public interest.137 TheChemung contract Troy Fennville Dunningville 42 79 Orchard 24 Hills 97 SELFRIDGE FIELD Walpole Brooklyn...... N-11 Ewen...... C-2 Jennings...... H-9 Napoleon...... N-11 Royal.Oak...... M-13 Watton...... C-4 36 21 Dumont Gun Nashville 69 66 Kent Wolverine Twp. Orchard I 89 L Mason 8 Woodland L L West Bloomfield Birmingham A.N.G. I L Miner BARRY 10 River Lake Lake 40 Jerome...... N-11 Nashville...... L-10 Ruby...... K-14 34 59 Shelbyville L 17 13 141 L Beverly 75 WARREN Brown.City...... K-14 Waucedah...... E-5 L Maple Grove Dansville PROUD LAKE Walled Bloomfield Twp. 12 F ALLEGAN 6 79 61 Crooked 6 Hills Clawson Madison Fraser Johannesburg...... F-11 Nathan...... E-5 Rudyard...... C-10 Ganges database shouldBig Lbe aOrangeville useful tool forSchultz illustrating why. I 64 36 D 153 Wixom Lake Lathrup FOR MORE DETAILED Dover Brownstown.Twp...... M-13 Fair.Haven...... L-14 Wayland...... L-9 Kenosha Fish Charlotte Eaton 19 L 145 151 155 Franklin 1 Hts. 94 Jones...... N-8 50 15 Cedar Walled 5 10 Vil.Bingham Royal Roseville ATION IN DETROIT Centre Rumely...... C-6 10 25 N INFORM Bruce.Crossing...... C-3 Fairfield...... N-12 National.City...... H-12 Wayne...... M-13 222 L Cloverdale Lacey 60 Rapids 10 Lake BRIGHTON 60 L FarmsBerkley 696 St. Clair Pearl Dowling 14 Oak Jonesville...... N-11 Rustford...... J-9 30 Kalamo 69 1 9 27 ISLAND 162 696 Pleasant Center Line AREA, SEE BACK PANEL 1 55 Prairieville Clear Lake Brunswick...... J-8 National.Mine...... C-5 Webberville...... L-11 WISCONSIN Watson Martin Wall L 1 61 5 Brighton LAKE New Huntington Ridge Shores Fairgrove...... J-12 1 Plainfield 58 Joppa...... M-10 Glenn Allegan 12 Lake 57 Grand R I NGHAM Green Hudson159 Farmington Hazel Eastpointe Ruth...... J-14 A Lacy 6

Naubinway...... D-9 6 Brutus...... E-10 Weidman...... J-10 52 Hills 696 R Fairport...... E-7 A Bravo 45 Pine Fair L Bunkerhill Gregory Pinckney Lakeland Oak L S. Lyon WoodsOak Park Juddville...... K-12 ILLINOIS Pullman Chicora 23 69 188 127 Novi Southfield Grosse Pointe Woods Mitchell Buchanan...... N-7 Fairview...... G-12 Nazareth...... M-9 S Wells...... D-6 2 89 Lake Delton Bristol L 55 Park 102 L A K E 26 Otsego Banfield Assyria www.mackinac.org50 Onondaga StockbridgeWinter 201125 36 5Hell Mackinac Center IMPACTNorthville Farmington 5 Ferndale Grosse Pointe Shores Bay Buckley...... H-9 K Negaunee...... C-5 Saginaw...... J-12 Wellston...... H-8 Swan L 50 Fine Bellevue 51 Leslie 106 D MAYBURY Hamtramck Harper Woods Faithorn...... E-5 Plainwell Doster Lake Hamburg 54 Redford 75 S T . C L A I R K..I..Sawyer...... C-6 New.Baltimore...... L-14 Saginaw.Twp...... J-12 22 Cheshire 16 37 56 Unadilla Bruin 32 Twp. Highland Park Grosse Pointe Farms Buena.Vista...... J-12 Falmouth...... H-10 Wequetonsing...... E-10 49 0 78 Olivet 99 Fitchburg Half 53 Kalamazoo...... M-9 New.Boston...... M-13 Kibbie Lacota 12 Hickory 1 48 Joslin L Moon L Independence 9 96 LIVONIA 24 5 10 8 Grosse Pointe Bunkerhill...... M-11 Fargo...... K-14 Sagola...... D-4 West.Bloomfield...... L-13 Rives Pleasant South Lake Whitmore Plymouth AMBASSADOR BRIDGE/ 20 Clear 131 Corners Munith L1 North PINCKNEY Salem Grosse Pointe Park R 19 5 Lake 2 Kalamo...... M-10 New.Buffalo...... N-7 Salem...... M-13 South Haven 89 Bedford Partello Duck Lake L 96 WILLIAM G. MILLIKEN DETROIT-WINDSOR TUNNEL (TOLL) Burdickville...... G-8 West.Branch...... H-11 Junction L 1 Farmington...... M-13 Gull 19 50 40 Lake Cooper k 5 Grand Junction e Springport 50 49 18 0 51 Kaleva...... H-8 New.Era...... J-7 Lake e Lake Tompkins West Burlington...... N-10 Saline...... M-12 6 Center Yorkville St r Portage 14 Farmington.Hills...... M-13 West.Olive...... L-8 Saddle L Alamo 44 1 39 196 8 66 C Center 15 Dearborn Thames R Kendall Marys 42 Pleasant Lakes Lake DETROIT Belle Burnips...... L-8 Kalkaska...... G-10 New.Greenleaf...... J-13 Samaria...... N-13 Bloomingdale Richland 6 89 tle 21 Waterloo Four 42 Garden City Hts. STATE TRANSPORTATION MAP Farwell...... I-10 Westland...... M-13 4 KAL-HAVEN B.R. Sherman L 1 L t Lake Dexter 23 Tecumseh 43 7 Ba Mile Barton14 45 3 River Stoney Point M Burnside...... K-13 Karlin...... G-8 New.Haven...... L-14 Sand.Creek...... N-12 VAN BUREN Gobles 41 9 99 K 13 SON Fawn.River...... N-9 Weston...... N-12 Black Brandywine 131 Parchment Springfield J AC WATERLOO Chelsea 153 DEARBORN 2 2 18 Breedsville L Hills 10 Westland Puce Kawkawlin...... J-12 New.Holland...... L-8 Sand.Lake...... K-9 L 43 Devereaux 106 Melvin Cr Burr.Oak...... N-9 Fayette...... E-7 Westphalia...... L-10 Scott L Augusta NATL. CEM 153 17 157 11 4 Canton Wayne 13 River 96 Battle Creek 147 41 Dixboro dale River Emeryville 1 24 4 94 22 Burt...... K-12 Kearsarge...... A-4 New.Hudson...... M-12 Sands...... C-6 Glendale KALAMAZOO Nazareth 108 38 46 94 7 Twp. Windsor Felch...... D-5 Wetmore...... C-7 1 96 104 110 12 Rouge 3 4 156 159 167 39 Inkster Covert Bangor Comstock 27Galesburg 94Goguac 4 115 119 130 144 150 162 Burt.Lake...... E-10 Fenmore...... K-11 Keego.Harbor...... L-13 New.Lothrop...... K-12 Sandusky...... J-14 Wheeler...... J-11 43 9 121 Parma 133 136 Goose Cr 169 275 Ecorse 401 Tilbury 8L 96 Grass 8 H Keeler...... N-8 New.Richmond...... L-8 196 VAN BUREN 11 10 112 2 127 94 145 L 52 94 17 Allen La Burton...... K-12 Fennville...... L-8 Sanford...... J-11 White.Cloud...... J-8 140 94 88 FORT 39 L Mill ANN ARBOR Park N. Woodslee Oshtemo 94 95 98 Ceresco36 Marengo Leoni 180 187 190 94 Salle Comber Kelden...... C-11 New.Troy...... N-7 7 Almena 85 17Climax CUSTER 94 6 Lincoln 3 Sans.Souci...... L-14 4 35 Butler...... N-10 Fenton...... L-12 White.Pigeon...... N-9 31 Van McDonald 66 92 Marshall 199 124 128 38 94 Grass Lake AW Taylor Southgate 15 6 S. Woodslee Ruscom Sta. Big Kendall...... M-8 Newark...... L-12 Saranac...... L-9 Paw 14 Auken Paw Paw Paw 194 JACKSON W ASHTEN Park 77 Butterfield...... H-10 7 78 4 36 Michigan Center 177 Romulus 24 Maidstone Fenwick...... K-10 White.Pine...... B-2 Paw Lake Hartford L Eagle72 7 C ALHOUN Spring 34 56 3 66 Albion 10 94 5 Wyandotte Butternut...... K-10 Kent.City...... K-9 Newaygo...... J-8 Saugatuck...... L-8 L 4 60 1 L 227 Arbor 60 94 Center L Pleasant L Belleville Fergus...... K-11 White.Rock...... J-14 Lawrence Cora Portage Scotts 14 34 34 Riverview Essex 10 Joppa 311 99 23 Ypsilanti WA YNE Staples Byron...... L-12 Ferndale...... M-13 Kenton...... C-3 Newberry...... C-9 Sault.Ste..Marie...... C-11 Riverside 4 Coloma Mattawan Long 32 Eckford Woodhaven McGregor 3 Whitefish.Point...... B-10 Three 31 Austin 4 Vandercook 17 Bridgewater Saline Huron Brownstown Pretty 5 2 11 50 3 Kentwood...... L-9 Newport...... N-13 94 15 52 Eagle Mile L Lake Concord New Trenton Byron.Center...... L-9 Sawyer...... N-7 7 46 Lake 1 Twp. Ferry...... J-8 Whitehall...... J-7 7 Lake Lake 31 Boston Blytheswood 63 L 69 Homer Kalamazoo Horton Napoleon Norvell 21 Willis 32 Gesto Ferrysburg...... K-8 Kewadin...... G-9 Niles...... N-8 Schaffer...... D-6 Whitmore.Lake...... M-12 41 Watervliet Christie Lawton KALAMAZOO Pine East Leroy 10 85 Grosse Ile Amherstburg Cottam C Benton Harbor 39 Lake 10 Clark Lake Stony L Manchester Flat 28 Fibre...... C-10 Kibbie...... M-8 Nirvana...... I-9 Schoolcraft...... N-9 33 51 Indian L HURON Creek Clarendon Clark Whittaker Waltz 275 Wheatley Cadillac...... H-9 Whitney...... D-6 7 34 Rock POTAWATOMI R 12 1 27 Gibraltar Keeler 40 Schoolcraft Pulaski 27 Kimball...... L-14 Nisula...... B-3 Schultz...... L-9 25 S L 8 34 60 t Liberty Brooklyn Oakville R 26 Cadmus...... N-11 Fife.Lake...... G-9 Whittaker...... M-12 Burlington . CAMBRIDGE Glenview 5 Wamplers H Rockwood St. Joseph Millburg 21 Banksons L 4 20 139 30 Barton J Kincheloe...... C-11 North.Adams...... N-11 Scofield...... N-13 1 Vicksburg Fulton 1 ILLINOIS o 124 5 Filer.City...... H-8 Decatur Gravet 1 s Lake 11 25 24 Kingsville Caledonia...... L-9 Whittemore...... H-12 Magician Cedar Lake Athens Tekonsha e Hanover Cement City 127 Michigan 3 Carleton Leamington North.Bradley...... J-11 Evanston 29 p Milan Kinde...... I-13 Scottdale...... N-7 MICHIGAN 4 24 Lake Swifts L Lake h International California...... N-10 Filion...... I-13 Willard...... J-11 94 Round L Flowerfield 14 South Rockwood Ruthven Union 23 R Mosherville Somerset Center Speedway IRISH WALTER J. Clinton Macon 5 Kinderhook...... N-10 North.Branch...... K-13 Scotts...... M-9 94 Shoreham 6 27 7 R Saddlebag Portage HAYES Cone Harrow Fillmore...... L-8 Sister L 60 Moscow HILLS Sand 4 25 Calumet...... A-4 Williamsburg...... G-9 28 13 152 Butler Scofield 75 Sodus Glenwood Lake City ON Kings.Mill...... K-13 North.Manitou...... F-8 Scottville...... I-8 Lakes 66 Union L R 6 Somerset 7 Cambridge L 12 Tipton 22 2 Pigeon Bay Cambria...... N-11 Findley...... N-9 Williamston...... L-11 Skokie 23 St. Joseph Fish 9 10 Girard Litchfield 1 Newport 22 140 ac 216 Moorepark Mendon 99 Jerome Junction Tecumseh Kingsford...... D-4 North.Muskegon...... K-8 i 12 Springville Azalia Fitchburg...... M-11 Sears...... I-10 Scottdale g POKAGON BAND Craig 1 50 20 Cambridge.Junction....N-11 Willis...... M-13 Eau a Marcellus Parkville Leonidas 49 5 12 Britton 11 Estral TARIO Colchester North.Star...... K-11 w OF POTAWATOMI Howardsville River Sherwood Lake Devils Maybee Kingsley...... G-9 Sebewaing...... J-13 Stevensville 139 Claire o Hodunk North Addison 52 17 18 Camden...... N-10 Flat.Rock...... M-13 Wilmot...... J-13 18 D Wakelee 14 Jonesville L 223 Onsted Beach Kingston...... J-13 North.Street...... K-14 GRAND MERE 22 9 Dowagiac 4 Adams 2 Ridgeway 17 125 MICHIGAN Selkirk...... H-12 2 66 1 1 Cannonsburg...... K-9 Flint...... K-12 41 R 62 9 5 Joseph Randall L 16 STERLING WELCOME CENTER Wilson...... E-6 1 Berrien 5 50 14

Flowerfield...... N-9 Kinross...... C-11 Northland...... D-5 Selma...... C-6 Baroda 15 La Quincy Allen Manitou LEN AWEE CASS 4 Canton.Twp...... M-13 Winegars...... I-11 94 Ctr. 51 Three Coldwater 11 Dundee Brest Bay

24 1 H Kiva...... C-6 Northport...... F-9 Bridgman Grange Penn Hardwood Centreville 6 9 15 Flushing...... K-12 Seneca...... N-11 9 Beach Capac...... K-14 Winn...... J-10 16 L Rivers St. Colon 86 HILL SDALE Rome Adrian Holloway Petersburg 13 12 Marble River Northville...... M-13 Seney...... C-8 90 Berrien 17 Vandalia 86 Batavia 13 Center 13 Monroe Carland...... K-11 Ford.River...... E-6 L Winona...... B-3 WARREN DUNES Sprgs. Pokagon Corey L L 13 Ida 11 BERRIEN 69 3 Hemlock Rollin Forest.Hill...... J-10 L’Anse...... B-4 Norton.Shores...... K-8 Shaftsburg...... L-11 20 140 Cassopolis 60 Nottawa Findley 26 Hillsdale 19 La Salle Carleton...... N-13 Wisner...... J-12 Sawyer Glendora 11 L 12 Norvell...... M-11 31 1 Donnel L Jones 9 BRA10 NCH Deerfield LaBranche...... D-5 Sharon...... G-10 3 Sumnerville 131 Bankers 8 Cadmus Carlshend...... C-6 Forest.Lake...... C-7 Wixom...... M-13 Harbert Lake of the Osseo 34 Pittsford Palmyra Raisin 9 9 ERIE Norwalk...... H-8 Diamond 7 ST. R Long Clayton MONROE Toledo Forester...... J-14 LaGrange...... N-8 Shelby...... J-7 290 CHICAGO 12 7 Birch 22 34 2 OHIO Scudder Carney...... E-5 Lake Woods 15 1 Wolf.Lake...... I-8 Lakeside New 14 Bronson Lake Reading Sand Blissfield 13 Beach Norway...... D-5 Shelby.Twp...... L-13 MICHIGAN 62 Lake JOSEPH 12 23 125 Caro...... J-13 Forestville...... J-14 LaSalle...... N-13 90 Troy B.R. 60 Bingham L Algansee Hudson Creek Wolverine...... F-10 WELCOME CENTER Union Pier 5 Niles 40 69 LAKE HUDSON Samaria 75 Norwood...... F-9 Shelbyville...... L-9 WARREN WOODS Buchanan Shavehead Constantine Burr Oak 156 LAKE Pelee Island N Carp.Lake...... E-10 Fort.Gratiot...... K-14 Lac.La.Belle...... A-5 60 6 Sturgis Bethel Cambria 223 5 6 Wolverine.Lake...... L-13 1 Klinger Riga Eagle Gilead 10 Fairfield Erie Luna Nottawa...... N-9 Shepardsville...... K-11 4 6 Galien Edwardsburg L 7 Mottville L Kinderhook California 49 Ogden Foster.City...... D-5 Lachine...... F-12 New Buffalo Lake 5 Temperance Carrollton...... J-12 Woodbury...... L-10 55 12 L H Frontier Prattville 127 Jasper Center 24 5 Pier MICHIGAN Novi...... M-13 Shepherd...... J-10 94 Grand Beach 3 H Adamsville Long E. Gilead Coldwater Montgomery 3 Carson.City...... K-10 Fosters...... K-12 Lacota...... M-8 Wooden.Shoe...... I-11 1 21 5 12 12 3 2 WELCOME CENTER Pelee Island Nunica...... K-8 Sheridan...... K-10 MICHIGAN Michiana Three Oaks Dayton 31 62 24 H Lake 12 L Ray Ransom Seneca Carsonville...... J-14 Fostoria...... K-13 Lacy...... M-10 ILLINOIS 51 Union White Pigeon 66 Fawn River Lake George Camden Weston Ottawa 223 Lambertville N. Bass I Woodhaven...... M-13 80 217 103 Lake Maumee Bay Cascade...... K-9 Fouch...... G-9 Laingsburg...... L-11 O Sherman...... H-9 90 239 TOLL ROAD 80 52 1 Woodland...... L-10 INDIANA INDIANA Hesston 90 933 IND. 23 Granger 19 INDIANA Clear L 99 Waldron Fountain...... I-8 Lake...... I-10 Oak.Grove...... G-10 Sherwood...... N-9 212 ROAD Roseland Simonton L Stone L Cedar 90 Austin Munson Morenci 184 Isle St. George Casco...... L-14 Woodland.Park...... J-8 Smith New Carlisle Twin L Lake BerkeySylvania TOLEDO Fowler...... K-10 Lake.Angelus...... L-13 Oak.Grove...... L-12 Shields...... J-12 Orland Fremont 120 Harbor View Caseville...... I-13 Wyandotte...... M-13 Michigan City Springville Bristol 120 108 Metamora Ottawa Hills Middle Bass I 357 Whiting 39 TOLL 120 Brighton Denson 64 75 Casnovia...... K-8 Fowlerville...... L-12 Lake.Ann...... G-8 Oak.Park...... M-13. Shingleton...... C-7 Beverly Shores 20 20 Elkhart 15 9 Howe 327 L 576 Pioneer OHIO Fayette Lyons Seward Wyman...... J-10 Wolf SOUTH BEND Crooked James 827 MICHIGAN Alvordton 20 120 280 Oregon Frankenmuth...... K-12 Lake.City...... H-9 Oakley...... K-11 Shoreham...... N-7 57 Middlebury Shipshewana Mongo WELCOME CENTER 20 S. Bass I Put-In-Bay Caspian...... D-3 Wyoming...... L-9 L East Chicago Dune Acres Tremont 35 2 Lake Oakshade Assumption 25 2 Bono Frankfort...... G-8 Lake.George...... I-10 Oakville...... N-13 Sickles...... K-11 94 Rolling 933 LAGRANGE 69 Cooney ALT 23 575 Cass.City...... J-13 2 Elkhart20 Sidnaw...... C-3 Y 294 Portage 94 421 Prairie Osceola Angola Ellis 20 Hamer FULTON L UC AS Northwood Kelleys Island Cassopolis...... N-8 Franklin...... M-13 Lake.Isabella...... J-10 Oakwood...... L-13. Calumet Hammond 20 ELKHART 20 109 Holland 2 Catawba Yale...... K-14 12 Crumstown Mishawaka Brushy 108 80 Rossford 579 Fraser...... L-14 Lake.Leelanau...... F-9 Ocqueoc...... E-11 Sidney...... K-10 INDIANA 20 Dunlap Lagrange Plato Hogback Columbia 80 TURNPIKE 75 Island Cathro...... F-12 Tinley City GARY Pinola 33 1 90 Elmira OHIO 90 Walbridge Sigma...... G-10. Yalmer...... C-6 Chesterton La Porte 31 20 R Prairie L Montpelier Swanton OTT A WA Camp Cedar...... G-8 Freda...... A-3 Lake.Linden...... A-4 Oden...... E-10 2 23 331 19 4 STEUBEN 107 ALT Perrysburg ILL. 3 Perry Silver.City...... B-2 Yorkville...... M-9 Park IND. 149 31 5 Oliver L Valentine Long ALT 20 795 Millbury 19 2 Port Cedar.Lake...... J-10 Frederic...... G-10 Lake.Odessa...... L-10 Ogden.Center...... N-12 80 80 80 Pinhook South Fish Lake W. Jefferson West Unity 20 Lime Limestone 53 Marblehead Ypsilanti...... M-12 94 6 90 35 4 Lake ST JOSEPH Goshen 13 Indian L Hamilton Edon Burlington Wauseon Delta 64 295 Moline Clinton Cedar.River...... E-6 Freeland...... J-11 Lake.Orion...... L-13 Oil.City...... J-11 Silverwood...... K-13 Lansing PORTER La Porte 119 Lake 427 576 15 127 66 Maumee City 51 590 163 Cedar.Springs...... K-9 Freeport...... L-9 Lakeland...... M-12 Okemos...... L-11 Sister.Lakes...... N-8 Yuma...... H-9 Cedarville...... D-11 Freesoil...... I-8 Lakeport...... K-14 Old.Mission...... G-9 Six.Lakes...... J-10 Z 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Cement.City...... N-11 Fremont...... J-8 Lakeside...... N-7 Olivet...... M-10 Skandia...... C-6 Zeeland...... L-8 Center.Line...... M-14 Frontier...... N-11 Lakeview...... J-9 Omena...... F-9 Skanee...... B-4 Zilwaukee...... J-12 Centra...... A-4 Fruitport...... K-8 Lakeville...... L-13 Omer...... I-12 Skidway.Lake...... H-12

Explore.100-plus. What’s that funny looking box?. Bike.Michigan! With.festivals.for.every.season,. Relax.in.a.charming.Michigan. lighthouses.that.line. Enjoy.more.than there’s.always.something.fun. bed.&.breakfast,.hotel,.or. Scan.the.QR.codes.with. Michigan’s.shore. your.smartphone.to.learn. 2,800.miles.of.bike.trails. to.do.in.Michigan. at.a.tranquil.campground. more.about.Pure.Michigan. Michigan.is.a. winter.playground. for.skating,. Tee.off.at.more.than.1,000. sledding,.skiing,. public.and.world-class.resort. snowmobiling,. golf.courses.in.Michigan. and.more. www.michigan.org www.michigan.org/lighthouses www.michigan.org/bike www.michigan.org/events www.michigan.org/accommodations www.michigan.org/wintersports www.michigan.org/golf Daniels event from Page One and home-based day care providers Sherry Loar, Paulette Gov. Snyder, introducing Gov. Daniels, explained that Silverson and Michelle Berry. when he decided to run for governor, “I said I would really As the keynote speaker, Gov. Daniels was a perfect fit. like to go visit the best [governors]. So actually, Gov. Daniels Speaking simply, wryly and without written remarks, he was kind enough to have a meeting with me.” At that meeting, explained how seven years ago, on his first day in office, he Gov. Snyder brought up the now-repealed Michigan business abolished public-sector collective bargaining — something tax, saying, “Gov. Daniels, I want to get rid of the dumbest tax he could do unilaterally, since it had been established in in the United States, so you don’t get most of your business Indiana state government by executive order. This bold gambit from our state.” removed the roadblocks to a smaller, better government that Mackinac Center analysts had also recommended repealing employed the “Yellow Pages” test: “If it’s in there, you [the the tax, and Gov. Snyder had kind words for the Center’s work, government] probably shouldn’t be doing it yourself.” The saying: “First of all, I’d like to say thank you to the Mackinac subsequent streamlining, he noted, left 21 percent fewer state Center, to Joe [Lehman], to your board, to your entire team. employees — fewer than in 1975, and the fewest per capita of You do provide a good role model in terms of the research, the thoughtfulness, the ideas that you put forward. It is very any state in the nation. helpful, … because it’s about getting people on board and The resulting flexibility also improved state services. Permit having facts and information to share. … I even keep the ‘101 waiting times dropped. Tax refunds came back in 16 days, [Recommendations to Revitalize Michigan]’ around near my rather than 31. Child protective services cleared one of the desk and pull them out and see how I’m doing on the list every nation’s worst backlogs. Average visit times at the Department so often.” of Motor Vehicles fell to around 9 minutes and 30 seconds, Another key issue on which Mackinac Center analysts and with customer satisfaction at 96 percent. The state’s business Gov. Snyder had agreed was that the more than 40,000 home- climate, once “nondescript, in many cases, unattractive,” is based day care workers and business owners in Michigan “now routinely measured somewhere in the top five.” are not government employees. The newly installed Snyder administration’s decision to stop the illegal collection of government employee “union dues” from these providers had ended a lawsuit filed against the state by the Mackinac Center Legal Foundation (see Impact Spring 2011), and during the event at the Lansing Center, Mackinac Center President Joe Lehman honored the brave stand of the Center’s clients in that suit with the Center’s Lives, Fortunes and Sacred Honor Award. Indiana Gov. Mitch Daniels listens to Gov. Rick Snyder’s remarks. In accepting the award on behalf of co-plaintiffs Sherry Loar and Michelle Berry, Paulette Silverson said: “I am Reflecting on these accomplishments, Gov. Daniels described honored to accept these awards on behalf of Michelle, Sherry a goal — and an attitude. The goal was one he communicated to and myself. It has been a privilege to work with the Mackinac his governing team from the start: running government “every Center. They have pushed relentlessly for the truth in our single day in a way that leaves as many … dollars in the pockets case. … The results, in my opinion, are a very big victory for of the free men and women who earn them as we can.” The freedom, and I thank you.” attitude involved leadership, particularly making hard choices: Also honored that evening was former Mackinac Center “People make these calls in their personal life all the time. They’ll President Lawrence W. Reed, who received the Center’s understand if government and those leading it put it plainly to Champions of Freedom Award. In presenting the award, them in that way. … [M]any things we did didn’t look too good Lehman quoted Reed’s own words: “We need to take time to at the time. But if they deliver, if they produce improvement — assist our brothers and sisters who are laboring in the same tangible, concrete results — folks will open their minds … and vineyards, on behalf of the same causes. When we strengthen come to a new point of view.” others, we all grow stronger.” A classic example was his decision to end public-sector Gov. Daniels echoed that sentiment in his remarks on collective bargaining: “The sky did not fall, the revolution did Michigan. He spoke warmly of restoring the Midwest’s not begin, maybe because we acted so quickly and suddenly. economic strength. He also described how popular support There’s a good lesson in there, Rick, and I think that I’ve and positive policy change become mutually reinforcing, mentioned to a lot of other governors: What ought to be done saying: “This is what I predict you are going to do in Michigan. — do it early, do it fast, do it swiftly and do it decisively In the Success breeds more success. Be bold. Take chances. Trust wisdom of the old country song, ‘If I shot you when I should’ve, your fellow citizens.” I’d be out of jail by now.’” That’s what the Mackinac Center is all about. I

Mackinac Center IMPACT 6 Winter 2011 www.mackinac.org -Gov.Snyder- Rick “We like to joke about our differences, but it’s about time the Midwest stands up together to say we’re not flyover territory — place be.”

1 2

1. Lawrence W. Reed, President Emeritus of the Mackinac Center, accepts the Center’s Champions of 3 Freedom Award.

2. Father Robert A. Sirico gives the blessing before a delicious “Made in Michigan” meal.

3. WJR’s Frank Beckmann emceed the event, entertaining the audience with his trademark humor.

4. The Mackinac Center’s “Seven Principles of Sound Public Policy” shed light on the guests with specially made votives.

5. Gov. Rick Snyder shares a laugh with Chief Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court Robert Young Jr.

6. Home day care providers Michelle Berry and Paulette Silverson accept the Center’s Lives, Fortunes and Sacred Honor Award on behalf of themselves and 4 Sherry Loar.

6 5

www.mackinac.org Winter 2011 7 Mackinac Center IMPACT Advancement Impact 101 Years of Giving

By Darryl M. White Center is funded. By choice, the Center rs. Margaret “Peg” Simmons, does not receive funding from any from Traverse City, has government entities. Instead, the Board beenM an active participant in all her of Directors made the decision 23 years communities throughout the years. ago to operate based on the financial A resident of New Jersey for over 40 support of individuals who believe in years, she and her husband Gordon these principles — free markets, limited moved to Traverse City in 1983. Since government and personal liberty and

then, the Grand Traverse Pavilions, the Darryl M. White With Margaret “Peg” Simmons responsibility. This continues to be the Grand Traverse Heritage Center and case today. St. Patrick Catholic Church have all “I love anybody that agrees with This year, several thousand benefitted from her generosity. me,” she jokes. In a more serious vein, individuals have already made Mrs. Simmons’ has been honored she notes that she contributes “because donations to the Mackinac Center — with the Empire Bank Good Neighbor I’m learning more about Michigan a number which has grown significantly Award, the 2001 Distinguished Senior every time I read your materials.” She over the past five years. Award of the National Cherry Festival, likes the idea of “A small group of Peg Simmons is a very special the 2008 Rotary Paul Harris Award and citizens working towards a better, more person. May she inspire each one of was selected in 2005 as Zonta’s Woman understandable government.” us … to contribute in any and every of the Year in Traverse City. As 2011 draws to a close, the Mackinac way that we can. If you would like to Most notably, Mrs. Simmons Center is fortunate to have many individu- join her in financially supporting the volunteered for the American Red als from throughout Michigan who finan- Mackinac Center this year, please go Cross for 73 years. cially support us in the work that we do. to our website at www.mackinac.org By this time, I am sure you must be Mrs. Simmons is a wonderful or contact me directly at 989-631-0900 curious about Mrs. Simmons’ age. At 101 example of the type of people who or at [email protected]. I hope that years young, Mrs. Simmon’s energy and regularly supports the Mackinac Center you will join us in the fight to make commitment are something to applaud. … passionate, engaged and positive Michigan an even better place to live. I Two years ago, “Peg” became a finan- about the future of Michigan. cial supporter of the Mackinac Center. Often, I am asked how the Mackinac Turning Old Years Into New

s I’ve traveled across our great As vice president contribution to their favorite nonprofit state during the past two years, I’ve for advancement, I organizations. Would you consider Aoften been asked why I chose to work in work with Mackinac making one final financial gift to the advancement at the Mackinac Center. Center President Joe Mackinac Center this year? One of the primary reasons is my Lehman and the rest of You can donate in several ways: two children. It was important to me the advancement team simply use the envelope in this in January 2010 that Luke, 17, and to raise the financial Darryl M. White, publication, contribute online at Vice President for www.mackinac.org Sarah, 13, see Michigan as a vibrant support critical to Advancement or call our office place to live when they are adults. fueling this operation at 989-631-0900, and one of our staff I realize each of them will make a every year. would be glad to assist you. purely personal decision about where As 2011 comes to a close, I would With your help, we can continue to live, but better public policy makes like to thank each of you who have to show how free people working them more likely to choose the state made a financial contribution to together can make our state a better my wife and I call home. our work. Through the incredible place to live — not just for us, but for Another reason for serving in this generosity of many, the Mackinac future generations as well. I position is my strong belief in the Center’s board and staff have been power of the voluntary, collective able to work diligently every day to efforts of individuals to effect positive advance liberty and opportunity for all change. This year, more people have Michiganders. stood with the Mackinac Center than December is the month when ever before in our 23 year history. many people make a final year-end

Mackinac Center IMPACT 8 Winter 2011 www.mackinac.org Launching Young Minds to a New Frontier To boldly go where thousands of students have gone before

undreds of students from across Michigan “This is my first year debating, and I will use attended the Mackinac Center’s 2011 High the information and techniques given to me by SchoolH Debate Workshops to learn more about your speakers,” said Jordan Hayes of Hudson this year’s national debate topic, “Resolved: The High School. United States federal government You can watch a video of participating students should substantially increase its and teachers discussing the benefits of debate at exploration and/or development www.mackinac.org/15891. of space beyond the Earth’s Speakers this year included Greg Rehmke, mesosphere.” director of educational programs for Economic More than 12,000 debate students, Thinking/E Pluribus Unum Films; Mike Winther, coaches and teachers have attended the debate coach and president of the Institute for Center’s workshops over the past 23 years, receiving valuable research material Principle Studies; and Harris Kenny, a policy and debate tactics from nationally acclaimed analyst with the Reason Foundation. Rehmke experts. Participating this year were: Adrian and Winther are both members of the Mackinac High School, Blissfield High School, Hudson Center’s Board of Scholars. Area High School, Lenawee Christian School, Speakers and students discussed the amount Detroit Cody High School, Detroit International of money the government now spends on space Academy, Davison Faith Baptist School, Saginaw exploration, the government’s role in such Heritage High School, Lake Fenton High School, research, the recent increase in private space Detroit Renaissance High School, Romeo High travel investment and whether or not the moon School, Detroit University Prep High School, and certain planets could or should be colonized. Midland Academy, Holt High School, Kalamazoo A portion of each workshop was also devoted to Phoenix High School, Rockford High School, Zion debate tactics, such as how to craft an argument Christian School, Crossroads Charter Academy, on both sides of the issue, how to effectively cross- Forest Hills Central High School, Interlochen examine opponents and how to efficiently research Academy and Petoskey High School. the topic. “I appreciate the Center’s workshop,” said Lisa Winther commented after the workshops that, Russcher of Zion Christian School. “Every year I “Most rewarding to me is the year-to-year changes love taking my students to it because they learn so in philosophy that I have observed in a couple of much and it helps them prepare very well for each debate that they enter.” the teachers. That is a great encouragement.” “The information presented was well-researched Once again, the Mackinac Center will be and well-presented,” said Pamela Tow-Conley, offering up to four $1,000 college scholarships for long-time debate coach at Forest Hills Central High students who attended the debate workshops and School, who has brought her students to the Grand submit an essay about this year’s topic. I Rapids debate workshop for several years.

www.mackinac.org Winter 2011 9 Mackinac Center IMPACT Free-Market Fundamentals

What the President Doesn’t Know By Lawrence W. Reed

(Lawrence W. Reed is president of the Foundation for government spending creates more jobs than it Economic Education — www.fee.org — and president destroys or prevents is not science; it’s not even emeritus of the Mackinac Center for Public Policy.) economics. It’s more like voodoo or superstition. Recessions are like hangovers. The harm was ast September, President Obama used the done the night before at the party; we just feel the L extraordinary platform of a joint session of pain of it the next morning. In economic terms, the Congress to propose the most un-extraordinary: harm before this recession was a combination of Yet another round of wasteful government easy money from the Federal Reserve and Congress spending in the name of “job creation.” jawboning banks to lend that money to people who The spectacle itself was remarkable if for no couldn’t afford it. Lawrence W. Reed other reason than this: There he was, lecturing us What would you tell a drunk when he’s hung President Emeritus on job creation—a man who has never personally over? Dry out. No more booze. You wouldn’t hand been a job creator and whose policies have him another bottle. Yet doling out the booze is destroyed hundreds of thousands of jobs. precisely what Washington has been doing to the Here are just a few things that the President economy and the President can’t figure out why it needs to learn: won’t sober up. Jobs — real ones that can last — don’t magically Jobs are like anything else — the more they cost, materialize just because Congress throws money the less we buy. At the same time, the President around. Real jobs come into being when savers, seems puzzled as to why unemployment is higher investors, entrepreneurs and business managers today than it was before we squandered a trillion hire because they have confidence in the future. dollars on “stimulus.” His administration is jacking Taxing and berating job creators may get you some up the costs of creating jobs. From health care to votes but not jobs. the environment to taxes to labor policy, he seems Government has nothing to give anybody to believe that more government, more spending, except what it first takes from somebody. Every more debt and more burdens are the answer. dollar it spends comes from today’s taxes or Job creators are telling the President, “Get off borrowing (which means future taxes plus interest) our backs, out of our pockets, and out of our way,” or printing money (which means we all pay but he’s not listening. It’s a vivid reminder of the eventually through inflation). Any “stimulus” we awful costs all of us pay when our leaders don’t get from government spending is completely offset know economics. I sooner or later, one way or the other. The idea that

Mackinac Center IMPACT 10 Winter 2011 www.mackinac.org -Frank Beckmann-

Supplies and Demand: Center Schools Districts

s any parent surely knows or remembers, the out-of- At Waterford District’s Beaumont Elementary School, “Congratulations to Joe Lehman and his great support staff here at the Mackinac Center who have become such a force ... for so many people in our state. And that role is only going to grow.” pocket expense and time involved in outfitting your the 2011 back-to-school shopping list bore similarly Achildren for school can be considerable. Legally, Michigan misleading language. Phrases like “needed supplies” courts have interpreted the Constitutional provision appeared repeatedly; meanwhile, several items were listed for “free public elementary and secondary schools” as as “optional.” Using such contrasting words left parents the prohibition of registration fees aside from non- with the impression that they were obligated to purchase mandatory activities, including band, football and other certain supplies. extracurriculars. However, many parents are misled by the Some districts guilt parents into purchasing supplies school districts themselves. by claiming financial hardship. But savings are widely In August, a concerned parent called Mackinac Legal available elsewhere, Wright noted, by trimming overly Foundation Director Patrick J. Wright complaining that generous employee compensation packages and by their school district was mandating that parents buy privatizing noninstructional services. “Some districts lock basic school supplies for their kids. Wright investigated themselves into tight budgets by the various collective her claim and found several districts that he described bargaining agreements that they enter into,” he said, as “obfuscating their legal responsibility.” The obligation making the case in radio and television interviews. of schools to provide educational supplies is not While some parents may be willing to contribute only determined by law; the Michigan Department time and money to their children’s classrooms, the of Education website bears two separate documents schools are obligated to make it clear that it’s a choice. emphasizing this distinction. Thanks to the Mackinac Center, districts are now on A mandatory school-supply list intended for students’ notice that while they can request parent donations, parents appeared on the website of East China School they cannot require them. I District’s St. Clair High School. After Wright posted an article on Capitol Confidential questioning the district’s legal authority, the language was abruptly amended.

Drudge, Fox News and Other Sites Take Center Stories National

he Mackinac Center focuses on Michigan policy “Our idea has been to start taking national policy issues issues, which often limits the national attention like the debate over teacher compensation and show how ourT work receives. But the past few months have seen a they apply to Michigan,” Gantert said. “That has caught meteoric increase in pick-ups of articles and commentaries the attention of a lot of national websites. Michigan by Center reporters and analysts by nationally known Capitol Confidential looks at things from a limited- blogs and news outlets, spiking the number of visits to the government perspective, so there aren’t a lot of other Center’s websites by thousands. people reporting on the things we do.” The first came in mid-October, when the Drudge The approach has yielded other successes. Gantert’s Report, a leading online news aggregator, featured story about the failure of Michigan’s corporate welfare Labor Policy Director Paul Kersey’s blog post about schemes to boost “green” jobs in the solar industry was why the political “progressives” of the Left should take picked up by Instapundit and Drudge. Instapundit also responsibility for the plight of Detroit, rather than besiege linked to Gantert’s story showing that several Michigan it as part of the nationwide Occupy Wall Street movement. government employees rank among the top 5 percent of As Kersey trenchantly observed in reframing the debate wage earners in the country. Glenn Beck’s website The Blaze over Detroit’s decline, “What exactly has Detroit done featured a fourth Gantert story detailing how government except implement the progressive vision as far as it workers’ compensation has outstripped private workers’ practically could?” compensation over the last 30 years in Michigan. Tom Gantert, senior capitol correspondent for Michigan This conscious effort to increase national attention Capitol Confidential, then scored a trifecta when his story to our work retains our Michigan research focus, while about gym teachers out-earning science teachers in certain broadening our marketing reach. The result better promotes Michigan school districts was picked up by nationally the Center’s animating vision: advancing liberty and prominent sites Instapundit.com, the Fox News website and opportunity for all people. I the Heritage Foundation’s “The Foundry” blog.

www.mackinac.org Winter 2011 11 Mackinac Center IMPACT 140 West Main Street, P.O. Box 568 Midland, Michigan 48640

HapPy Holidays!

MERC Goes ‘Kafka’ on U-M Graduate Students

hen an employer, labor organization and state agency The union filed a motion for reconsideration with all agree that a union vote should proceed in direct MERC seeking to allow the unionization to continue and conflictW with the law, those targeted for unionization have erroneously claiming the facts of the case had changed. The little recourse. But for nearly 400 graduate student research University acknowledged that the facts had not changed, but assistants at the University of Michigan, representation by because of the regents’ directive, was compelled to agree that the Mackinac Center Legal Foundation might help them GSRAs could be considered public employees. avoid what otherwise would have been a fait accompli. Once again, the MCLF sought to intervene, this time The odd tale began in 1981, when after weeks of on behalf of a 371-member group of GSRAs opposing the hearings and thousands of pages of exhibits, the Michigan government employees union. In a Kafka-esque twist on Employment Relations Commission determined that due-process, two of the three commissioners at MERC’s graduate student research assistants were not public November meeting indicated a willingness to have the matter employees and therefore not subject to compulsory examined by an administrative law judge. This opened the unionization. In April 2011, the same union that failed door for dissenting graduate student research assistants to 30 years ago, the Graduate Employees Organization, again be forced into a compulsory union even as they are excluded sought to unionize the approximately 2,200 GSRAs at the from participating in the case. U-M. This time, the union did so with a powerful ally — In a surprise move, Attorney General Bill Schuette a majority of the university’s Board of Regents. announced in late November that his office would intervene Ignoring the 1981 ruling, the regents in a partisan in the case. Wright said that the rarity of an Attorney General 6-2 vote agreed not to challenge the claim that GSRAs were entering at such an early stage of an administrative process public employees. This left no one to represent the students’ was a welcome sign and indicated the critical importance of claim that they are not government employees. the issue. The MCLF stepped in, seeking to intervene on behalf While the case was still ongoing at the time of this writing, of graduate student Melinda Day. MCLF Director Patrick the legal arguments put forth by Wright — and the increased Wright informed MERC that it had a duty to enforce its own visibility that resulted — have given voice to students who findings. MERC agreed that its 1981 ruling was binding and otherwise might have had no say in their own fate. I indicated that the unionization attempt could not continue, but claimed that Day alone could not intervene. MERC contended that at least 10 percent of the proposed bargaining unit would be required to enter the case.

Big mack The newest version of the Mackinac Center’s mobile apps are available for iPhone, iPhone and Android! App Attack! See mackinac.org/14472 for download links!