Religious Transformations
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1 by Shahinur Bashar the Rohingya Refugee
The Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Bangladesh: Environmental Impacts, Policies, and Practices By Shahinur Bashar MPP Essay Submitted to Oregon State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Public Policy 1 Presented on July 12, 2021 Master of Public Policy Essay of Shahinur Bashar APPROVED: Erika Allen Wolters, Committee Chair David Bernell, Committee Member Brent S. Steel, Committee Member Shahinur Bashar, Author 2 Abstract The Rohingya community have faced continuous violence, discrimination and statelessness in the Rakhine State of Myanmar. In 2017, a violent crackdown by Myanmar’s army on Rohingya Muslims sent almost a million fleeing across the border of Bangladesh. They found their temporary home in the refugee camps of Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh – now the largest refugee camp in the world. As a result of the sudden influx to Cox’s Bazar, a hotspot of enriched bio-diversity, the area is facing severe challenges to maintain the natural ecosystem. Regions like Teknaf, with a wildlife sanctuary of about 11,615 ha are now almost deserted. This paper aims to describe the major environmental effects of the Rohingya refugee influx including: deforestation, severe water scarcity and pollution, wildlife habitat loss, fragmentation, and destruction, poor management of solid and human waste, improper drainage systems, air pollution, surface water pollution, etc. Moreover, the paper seeks to analyze the policies, practices and role of the host-community government to mitigate the effects. While there are notable successful projects, like the Refugee, Relief and Repatriation Commission (RRRC) providing liquefied petroleum gas (LPGs) to meet energy needs of the Rohingya, impacts to biodiversity continues to be affected by lack of usable water and wildlife destruction. -
Now Guyana) — Harry T
Dr. and Mrs. JB Singh with family and friends at their home, “Ayodhya,” at 273 Lamaha Street (purchased in 1923), North Cummingsburg, Georgetown, British Guiana (Guyana), circa. 1928. From left to right: (standing) Pratap Narine, “Tappie,” their fourth child and third son; Indal, JB’s youngest brother; Pitamber Doobay, JB’s closest friend and confi- dante; Mrs. Singh; and Victor Ramsaran; (sitting, back row) young lady (name unknown) and Efreda Chandrawati, “Moon,” eldest daughter; (sitting, front row) young lady (name unknown) and Gangadai,“Nelly,” JB’s only sister. The copyrighted pictures of Alice Singh were provided by Karna Singh and were taken from the 'Heritage Collection of Dr. and Mrs. JB Singh'. Courtesy: Dr. Baytoram Ramharack Edited by Somdat Mahabir & Ramesh Gampat 180 YEARS OF INDIANS IN GUYANA (1838-2018) Edited by Somdat Mahabir & Ramesh Gampat Caribbean Hindu Network (CHN) Published on May 5, 2018 Suggested citation of this publication Citation of the entire publication: Somdat Mahabir and Ramesh Gampat (Editors), 180 Years of Indi- ans in Guyana (1838-2018), Caribbean Hindu Network, 2018. Citation of specific papers: Baytoram Ramharack, Remembering Alice Singh of Guyana: Notes from her Diary in Guyana (1838-2018). In: Somdat Mahabir and Ramesh Gampat (Editors), 180 Years of Indians in Guyana (1838-2018), pp 23-33, Caribbean Hindu Network, 2018. Cover picture Dr. and Mrs. JB Singh with family and friends at their home, “Ayodhya,” at 273 Lamaha Street (purchased in 1923), North Cummingsburg, Georgetown, British Guiana (Guyana), circa. 1928. From left to right: (standing) Pratap Narine, “Tappie,” their fourth child and third son; Indal, JB’s youngest brother; Pitamber Doobay, JB’s closest friend and confidante; Mrs. -
Contributions of Lala Har Dayal As an Intellectual and Revolutionary
CONTRIBUTIONS OF LALA HAR DAYAL AS AN INTELLECTUAL AND REVOLUTIONARY ABSTRACT THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF ^ntiat ai pijtl000pi{g IN }^ ^ HISTORY By MATT GAOR CENTRE OF ADVANCED STUDY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 2007 ,,» '*^d<*'/. ' ABSTRACT India owes to Lala Har Dayal a great debt of gratitude. What he did intotality to his mother country is yet to be acknowledged properly. The paradox ridden Har Dayal - a moody idealist, intellectual, who felt an almost mystical empathy with the masses in India and America. He kept the National Independence flame burning not only in India but outside too. In 1905 he went to England for Academic pursuits. But after few years he had leave England for his revolutionary activities. He stayed in America and other European countries for 25 years and finally returned to England where he wrote three books. Har Dayal's stature was so great that its very difficult to put him under one mould. He was visionary who all through his life devoted to Boddhi sattava doctrine, rational interpretation of religions and sharing his erudite knowledge for the development of self culture. The proposed thesis seeks to examine the purpose of his returning to intellectual pursuits in England. Simultaneously the thesis also analyses the contemporary relevance of his works which had a common thread of humanism, rationalism and scientific temper. Relevance for his ideas is still alive as it was 50 years ago. He was true a patriotic who dreamed independence for his country. He was pioneer for developing science in laymen and scientific temper among youths. -
Terrorism, Diasporas, and Permissive Threat Environments: a Study Of
NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS TERRORISM, DIASPORAS, AND PERMISSIVE THREAT ENVIRONMENTS. A STUDY OF HIZBALLAH’S FUNDRAISING OPERATIONS IN PARAGUAY AND ECUADOR. by Howard Vincent Meehan December 2004 Thesis Advisor: Jeanne Giraldo Thesis Advisor: Harold Trinkunas Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED December 2004 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE: Terrorism, Diasporas, and Permissive Threat 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Environments. A Study of Hizballah’s Fundraising Operations in Paraguay and Ecuador. 6. AUTHOR(S) Howard Vincent Meehan 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING Naval Postgraduate School ORGANIZATION REPORT Monterey, CA 93943-5000 NUMBER 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING N/A AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. -
Islamic Finance and Financial Inclusion
WPS6642 Policy Research Working Paper 6642 Public Disclosure Authorized Islamic Finance and Financial Inclusion Measuring Use of and Demand for Formal Financial Public Disclosure Authorized Services among Muslim Adults Asli Demirguc-Kunt Leora Klapper Douglas Randall Public Disclosure Authorized The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Development Research Group Finance and Private Sector Development Team October 2013 Policy Research Working Paper 6642 Abstract In recent years, the Islamic finance industry has attracted likely than non-Muslims to own a formal account or the attention of policy makers and international donors save at a formal financial institution after controlling as a possible channel through which to expand financial for other individual- and country-level characteristics. inclusion, particularly among Muslim adults. Yet cross- But the analysis finds no evidence that Muslims are less country, demand-side data on actual usage and preference likely than non-Muslims to report formal or informal gaps in financial services between Muslims and non- borrowing. Finally, in an extended survey of adults in Muslims have been scarce. This paper uses novel data five North African and Middle Eastern countries with to explore the use of and demand for formal financial relatively nascent Islamic finance industries, the study services among self-identified Muslim adults. In a finds little use of Sharia-compliant banking products, sample of more than 65,000 adults from 64 economies although it does find evidence of a hypothetical (excluding countries where less than 1 percent or more preference for Sharia-compliant products among a than 99 percent of the sample self-identified as Muslim), plurality of respondents despite higher costs. -
Code CU01839 List of Centres.Xlsx
Lab Name CITY STATE CONTACT NUMBER ADDRESS PIN CODE EMAIL ID 650/545, COLONEL GANJ, NEAR JAIN HOSTEL, YES COLLECTION CENTRE ALLAHABAD UTTAR PRADESH 9839179798, 9335037965 ALLAHABAD, UTTAR PRADESH 211002 [email protected] 033 22807364, 9831010592, [email protected];bioseetalkol@gm BIO SEETAL KOLKATA WEST BENGAL 9339352925 20, CAMAC STREET, KOLKATA, WEST BENGAL 700016 ail.com 033-24652550, 9830146648, [email protected];bioasha@rediffma BIO ASHA KOLKATA WEST BENGAL 9830141787 70B, PURNADAS ROAD, KOLKATA, WEST BENGAL 700026 il.com RADHA KRISHNA APTTS, G - 1, NEW NO: 140, OLD NO : SPECIALTYS MEDICAL 110, HABIBULLA ROAD, T NAGAR, CHENNAI - 600017, DIAGNOSTIC CHENNAI TAMIL NADU 044 42125746, 09840050457 TAMIL NADU 600017 [email protected] NEW NO: 14, OLD NO - 46, 9TH STREET, TATABAD, [email protected];kmselvaraj@y RAJAMEGHA COIMBATORE TAMIL NADU 0422 2496777, 9443042777 GANDHIPURAM, COIMBATORE - 641012, TAMIL NADU 641012 ahoo.com ARORA-COMPLEX, OPPOSITE SALIGRAM PETROL PUMP, NEAR THANA CHARIALI, R.N.C. PATH, DIBRUGARH:786001, CHERISH DIBRUGARH ASSAM 9435130766, 9435131360, ASSAM 786001 [email protected] PROBIR MARKET,1ST FLOOR, PALTAN BAZAR, GUWAHATI- [email protected]; PANACEA GUWAHATI ASSAM 0361 2602527,9613074422 781008, ASSAM 781008 [email protected] MED LAB PATIENT CARE 9415161135, 9336775616,0512- 111/26, 'A' , ASHOK NAGAR, BEHIND COCA COLA, CENTRE KANPUR UTTAR PRADESH 2540652 KANPUR, UTTAR PRADESH 208012 [email protected] 36, CH. CHARAN SINGH MARKET, GROUND FLOOR. OPP PATHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS - 9837022999, 9319426826, AGGARWAL MARKET,NEAR MAHAVIR CHOWK, MUZAFFAR [email protected];mkarora195 2000 MUZAFFARNAGAR UTTAR PRADESH 01312623390, 01312623490 NAGAR, UTTAR PRADESH 251001 [email protected] SHOP NO.4, RAMKUMAR MANSION APPT.,OPP. ZOJWALA PETROL PUMP, GROUND FLOOR, VALIPEER ROAD, BAIL [email protected];prabhun_in KALYAN COLLECTION CENTRE MUMBAI MAHARASHTRA 0251 2327903 BAZAR, KALYAN(W), MUMBAI, MAHARASHTRA 421301 @yahoo.com NO.10, S.P.C.A COMPLEX, E.V.R. -
Authoritarianism and Democracy in Muslim Countries: Rentier States and Regional Diffusion
Authoritarianism and Democracy in Muslim Countries: Rentier States and Regional Diffusion AHMET T. KURU ACCORDING TO FREEDOM HOUSE (2013),1 among countries with populations higher than 200,000, the proportion of electoral democracies is 56 percent (98/174) worldwide, whereas it is only 20 percent (10/49) in Muslim‐majority countries. The average Freedom House score (1 for most and 7 for least democratic) for all countries (3.5) is also better than the average score for Muslim‐majority countries (5.1). Analyzing countries with populations over 500,000, Polity (2010) reaches a similar result: 57 percent (93/164) of all countries and 28 percent (13/47) of Muslim‐majority countries are democracies.2 Why is the rate (and score) of democracy disproportionately low among Muslim‐majority countries? This article argues that the combined effects of rentier states and regional diffusion provide the best explanation. The rentier state model explains the links between the rent revenue, limited taxation, and authoritarianism. A state becomes “rentier” if oil, gas, and mineral rents constitute over 40 percent of its revenues. The state 1Freedom House, “Freedom in the World 2013,” accessed at http://www.freedomhouse.org/sites/default/ files/FIW%202013%20Booklet.pdf, 1 October 2013. 2Polity IV, “Country Reports 2010,” accessed at http://www.systemicpeace.org/polity/polity06.htm, 1 Jan- uary 2012. AHMET T. KURU is an associate professor of political science at San Diego State University. He is the author of the award‐winning Secularism and State Policies toward Religion: The United States, France, and Turkey, and the co‐editor (with Alfred Stepan) of Democracy, Islam, and Secularism in Turkey. -
Indian Freedom Struggle (1911-17)
Indian Freedom Struggle (1911-17) Modern History Modern History: XI -Indian Freedom Struggle (1911-17) Delhi Darbar(1911) ● Set up to welcome King George V. ● Decisions taken during this were: ● Annulment of Partition of Bengal but Separation of Bihar & Orissa from Bengal ● Transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi in 1912 Modern History: XI -Indian Freedom Struggle (1911-17) Previous Year Question 2014.The partition of Bengal made by Lord Curzon in 1905 lasted until (a) The World War I when Indian troops were needed by the British and the partition war ended (b) King George V abrogated Curzon’s Act at the Royal Durbar in Delhi,1911 (c) Gandhiji launched a Civil Disobedience movement (d) The Partition of India, in 1947 when East Bengal became East Pakistan Modern History: XI -Indian Freedom Struggle (1911-17) The Ghadr ● The Ghadr Party was a revolutionary group organized around a weekly newspaper. ● The Ghadr had its headquarters at San Francisco. ● These revolutionaries included mainly ex-soldiers & peasants who had migrated from the Punjab in search of better employment opportunities. ● They were based in the US & Canadian cities along the western (Pacific) coast. Modern History: XI -Indian Freedom Struggle (1911-17) The Ghadr (Cont...) ● Pre-Ghadr revolutionary activity had been carried on by Ramdas Puri, G.D. Kumar, Taraknath Das, Sohan Singh Bhakna & Lala Hardayal who reached there in 1911. ● To carry out revolutionary activities, the earlier activists had set up a 'Swadesh Sevak Home' at Vancouver & 'United India House' in Seattle. ● Tarak Nath Das, an Indian student, & one of the 1st leaders of Indian community in North America to start a paper (called Free Hindustan) realized that while the British government was keen on Indians going to Fiji to work as laborers for British planters, it did not want them to go to North America where they might be infected by ideas of liberty. -
Mapping the Global Muslim Population
MAPPING THE GLOBAL MUSLIM POPULATION A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Muslim Population October 2009 About the Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life This report was produced by the Pew Research Center’s Forum on Religion & Public Life. The Pew Forum delivers timely, impartial information on issues at the intersection of religion and public affairs. The Pew Forum is a nonpartisan, nonadvocacy organization and does not take positions on policy debates. Based in Washington, D.C., the Pew Forum is a project of the Pew Research Center, which is funded by The Pew Charitable Trusts. This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals: Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life Communications and Web Publishing Luis Lugo, Director Erin O’Connell, Associate Director, Communications Oliver Read, Web Manager Research Loralei Coyle, Communications Manager Alan Cooperman, Associate Director, Research Robert Mills, Communications Associate Brian J. Grim, Senior Researcher Liga Plaveniece, Program Coordinator Mehtab S. Karim, Visiting Senior Research Fellow Sahar Chaudhry, Research Analyst Pew Research Center Becky Hsu, Project Consultant Andrew Kohut, President Jacqueline E. Wenger, Research Associate Paul Taylor, Executive Vice President Kimberly McKnight, Megan Pavlischek and Scott Keeter, Director of Survey Research Hilary Ramp, Research Interns Michael Piccorossi, Director of Operations Michael Keegan, Graphics Director Editorial Alicia Parlapiano, Infographics Designer Sandra Stencel, Associate Director, Editorial Russell Heimlich, Web Developer Andrea Useem, Contributing Editor Tracy Miller, Editor Sara Tisdale, Assistant Editor Visit http://pewforum.org/docs/?DocID=450 for the interactive, online presentation of Mapping the Global Muslim Population. -
Growth of Communalism, Divide and Rule, Muslim League and Nationalists, Hindu Communalism- Examrace
9/17/2021 Growth of Communalism, Divide and Rule, Muslim League and Nationalists, Hindu Communalism- Examrace Examrace Growth of Communalism, Divide and Rule, Muslim League and Nationalists, Hindu Communalism Get top class preparation for competitive exams right from your home: get questions, notes, tests, video lectures and more- for all subjects of your exam. Growth of Communalism Definition Communalism is the belief that because a group of people follow a particular religion they have, as a result, common secular, that is, social, political and economic interests. Second stage: Secular interests of followers of one religion are dissimilar and divergent from the interests of the followers of another religion Third stage: The interests of the followers of different religions or of different religious communities are seen to be mutually incompatible, antagonistic and hostile. Communalism is not a remnant of the medieval period. It has its roots in the modern colonial socio-economic political structure. Divide and Rule After 1857, British initially suppressed Indian Muslims. However, after the publishing of Hunter՚s book ‘The Indian Mussalman’ they actively followed the policy of divide and rule and hence started supporting the Muslims. They promoted provincialism by talking of Bengal domination Tired to use the caste structure to turn the non-brahmins against Brahmins and the lower caste against the higher castes. It readily accepted communal leaders as authentic representatives of all their co- religionists. Reasons for growth of communal tendencies in Muslims Relative backwardness: educationally and economically. Muslim League 1906 by Aga Khan, the Nawab of Dhaka, and Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk It made no critique of colonialism, supported the partition of Bengal and demanded special safeguards for the Muslims in government services. -
Lajpat Rai in USA 1914 -1919: Life and Work of a Political Exile
Harish K. Puri Lajpat Rai in USA 1914 -1919: Life and Work of a Political Exile he five year long stay of Lajpat Rai in America (including a six month sojourn in T Japan) was a period of an unanticipated exile contrived by conditions created by the World War. When he sailed from London for New York in November 1914, it was proposed to be a six month trip to collect material for a book on America. But he was not allowed to return to India until the end of 1919. The nature of his life and work in USA was shaped as much by the constraints and challenges in the American situation as by his priorities and the state of his mind. A contextual approach to the study of his work for the national cause of India in USA may be more appropriate for the present exploration. Before we go into the American context of his life and experience, it may be necessary, however, to have an insight into the state of his mind before he went there. The evidence available suggests that when he left India in April 1914 to catch up with the Congress Delegation in England, it appeared to be an escape ‘in panic’. He had lived under grave anxiety when three of the young men closely connected with him were involved as the accused in Lahore-Delhi conspiracy case. Balraj was the son of his close friend Lala Hans Raj. Balmukund, brother of Bhai Parmanand, had lived with Lajpat Rai and worked as his valuable assistant in his social work and aid for the depressed classes. -
Ortu Ume.Riku Ülkelerinde I§Lum Ve Mü§Lümonlu R
ortu ume.riku ülkelerinde i§lum ve mü§lümonlu_r HALİD SELMAN u çalışmanın amacı; Orta Amerika ülkeleri ile B İslam'a ilgi gösteren Türkiye'li insanlar arasın da köprü kurarak yeni dostluklara ve paylaşımı ara vesile olmaktır. Küreselleşen dünya artık küçüldü ve gere~ Türkiye'den bu ülkelere ve gerekse bu ül• kelerden Türkiye'ye değişik vesilelerle ziyaretler yapılmaktadır. Eğer ziyaret öncesi iletişim bilgileri ne sahip olursak ve onlarla iletişim kurarsak daha verimli bir seyahat yapmış oluruz. Ayrıca bu bilgiler Türkiye ile bu ülkeler arasındaki ticaretin gelişme sine de yardımcı olabilir. Ame~ka kıtasının Orta Amerika Bölgesinde Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Hooduras, Kosta Rika, Ni karagua ve Panama olmak üzere 7 ülke bulurımakta dır. Dünyanın her yerinde olduğu gibi bu ülkelerde de müslümanlar bulurımaktadır. Bu ülkelere müslü• maniann ne zaman geldiği ve tarihi serüvenleri, han gi İslami kuruluşlara sahip olduklan, onlann adres leri ile diğer iletişim bilgileri ve yürüttükleri faali yetler bu çalışmaruo kapsamını oluşturmaktadır. Orta Amerika ülkelerinde İslam ve müslümanlar hakkında internetten başlayan bilgi taraması sooucu ulaşılan email adresleri ile bu ülkelerdeki müslüman• hile düzenlediler. Allah da (buna karşılık) bir düzen lada yazışmalar başladı. Her ülkeden temas kurulan kurdu. Allah, düzen kurucuların en hayırlısıdır." (3- İslami kuruluş yetkililerinden internetten elde edilen 54) ve "Doğrusu onlar, hileli bir düzen planlayıp ku bilgiler kontrol edildi ve günümüzdeki durumları ruyorlar; Ben de bir düzen kurup hazırlamaktayırrı" hakkında gönderilen bilgilerden yararlanıldı. (85-15, 16) ayetlerinin bir teceilisi olarak onların is lam aleyhindeki kampanyalannı boşa çıkarmasıdır. 1500'lü yıllarda İspanyollar tarafından Afrikadan esir alınarak köle olarak getirilen müslümanlar bu Belize'de İslam ve Müslümanlar bölgeye gelen ilk müslümanlardır.