https://doi.org/10.37420/icaces.2020.018

On Exterior Design of Cruise Ship on "Two Rivers and Four Lakes" of from the Perspective of Regional Culture

Lingling Liu, Shaojun Meng College of Arts, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004,

Abstract: The "Two Rivers and Four Lakes" scenic area is the symbol of Guilin, and cruise-based tourism has become one of the main ways for tourists to relax. The cruise ship on "two rivers and four lakes", which consists of "", "Tao Hua river", "Mu Long lake", "Gui lake", "Rong lake" and "Shan lake", is an important water vehicle for tourists to enjoy the night view of Guilin and appreciate the scenery of the "two rivers and four lakes". Author has analyzed the reasons for the poor sightseeing experience of tourists in the "two rivers and four lakes". Furthermore, author in this paper has put forward designs of the cruise ship with regional characteristics, which will solve the problems that the cruise ship on "two rivers and four lakes" are lack of their own features. By extracting the cultural symbols of province, author will improve the exterior design and the layout of the cruise ship in order to integrate the ship with the scenery of the "two rivers and four lakes" and enrich the tourists’ experience. Moreover, author, from the perspective of design art, has put forward the design style of cruise ship mixing with regional culture elements. This paper has provided a feasible design for local cruise ship design, which helps the construction of Guangxi's entire tourist attractions and supports the construction of national tourist attractions.

Keywords: The Belt and Road; The cruise ship design; "Two rivers and four lakes"; Regional culture; Elements of wind and rain bridge; Layout

1 Introduction

1.1 Background and Main Contents

The "Belt and Road" initiative is a major decision under the new situation of the country. The "Belt and Road" initiative has brought new vitality to the development of tourism in Guilin, Guangxi. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region takes the development of "all-for-one tourism" as a breakthrough. As an important gateway for the 21st century Maritime Silk Road and the Silk Road economic belt, Guangxi strives to build new horizons and success examples of international tourist cooperation. In 2019, there are 876 million domestic and foreign tourists in Guangxi and their total tourist consumption was 1024.144 billion yuan. According to the "Guilin International Tourist

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Resort Construction and Development Plan", Guilin will become China's first world-class tourist city and international tourist attraction by 2020. Responding to the National the "Belt and Road" initiative and the new policy of Guangxi province— "Three Missions", it is stated in the document (Guilin Municipal Committee of the CPC and Guilin Municipal People's Government's Opinions on Accelerating the High-Quality Development of the Cultural Tourism Industry; No.6 document implemented by municipal government in 2020) that the new pattern for the development of Guilin cruise ship should be planned under the current situation. The Guilin Kars is one of the best sceneries in the world because it has beautiful mountains and rivers represented by "two rivers and four lakes". The "two rivers and four lakes" scenic spot is the advertisement of Guilin. Cruise tourism is becoming increasingly important, since it may provide comfortable service and unique enjoyment (Yan, Zhang, Long, Wang, Liang, Song & James, 2019). It is located in the urban area of Guilin City where you can enjoy the most beautiful night view there. The current shape of the cruise ship does not have local characteristics because the hull is too old to attract the tourists. In this case, it is very necessary to design a comfortable cruise ship with local characteristics and pretty appearance. This can further upgrade the world's top mountain and water sightseeing and build an international exquisite vacation tourism belt for leisure. Therefore, renew the design of cruise ship of "two rivers and four lakes" is urgent.

2 Appearance Design of the Cruise Ship of "Two Rivers and Four Lakes" in Guilin

2.1 Existing Shortcomings of the Cruise Ship

(1) The identical style: The cruise ship style in the "Two Rivers and Four Lakes" scenic area are relatively ordinary without their own features. Without the characters on the hull of cruise ship, it can even be confused with the Wuhan East Lake Cruise. It’s acceptable to learn from the design of cruise ship of Wuzhen ancient town which has the regional characteristics: Wuzhen is a famous ancient town in China, and gray tiles and wooden beams are the local characteristic buildings. Wuzhen’s cruise ships are made from wooden materials, gray roofs, and brown brackets, which allows the cruise ship as a part of the surroundings. The cruise ship is like a moving house, blending into the environment. (2) Unreasonable layout: The cruise ship is designed to carry passengers. In order to ensure economic benefits, designer tend to install seats as many as possible in a limited space rather than take tourists' feelings into consideration. The crowded ship will have negative influence on the tourist experience. Furthermore, there are also some other problems such as the small viewing platforms and old hulls, resulting in a poor experience for tourists.

2.2 The Pursuits of Design

The design pursuit to make the cruise ship special that can be recognized easily and to better the physical and mental experience of tourists.

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The design insists to the principle of "people-centered" and will solve the problem of satisfying the experience instead of unreasonable layout. The artistic innovation of ship design mainly refers to the innovation of exterior and interior design. Specifically, it includes: ship exterior design, interior design, and ship accessory facilities design and so on. The innovation of the design of cruise ship can be promoted through four steps of "analysis of practical problems", "exploration of basic theories", "innovation of technic methods" and "application of design".

2.3 Analysis of Regional Cultural Elements of Guangxi

The "five principles" have put forward which were "expression, recognizable for sightseers, qualities of art, prior experience for tourists and economical for the ship design" (Wan, Lv & Xu, 2015). The cruise ship design should avoid the same style, and the whole design must be integrated with local cultural elements. Based on the creative thinking, this paper excavates the source of creativity of cruise ships, and establishes a library of creative thinking of ship design so as to facilitate the conceptual design. The impressive elements of Guangxi include: the wind and rain bridge of Dong ethnic group (a unique symbol of Dong villages), Guilin Kars, hydrangea, and Huashan rock art cultural landscape. Architectural elements have always been closely associated with cruise ship design, which can be traced back to the Han Dynasty(202-220BC). The ancient ship featuring tall ship hull like a building or a pavilion moving on the river. Under the "shape", "use" and "technology" three dimensions, artistic design guidance is provided for the cruise ship design, functional design, drawing on the wisdom of ancient ship design, and integrating the aesthetic mode and behavior habits of the Chinese people (Pan & Zha, 2019). The wind and rain bridge of Dong ethnic group is a miracle in the history of world architecture. It was built by Yang Siyu, a famous carpenter of Dong ethnic group and the inherit of national intangible cultural heritage of wooden construction technique of Dong ethnic group, and more than 150 people from 7 wooden construction engineering teams. The wind and rain bridge is also known as one of the ten most incredible bridges in the world. Drawing lessons from the Wuzhen cruise ship design, the cruise ship of "two rivers and four lakes" can conclude the multi-layer roof structure of the wind and rain bridge and the flying corners of the eaves. The refined design makes the cruise ship looks like the moving wind and rain bridge, showing the wisdom of the Dong ethnic group to the tourists around the world.

Table 1 Analysis of the Appearance Design of Cruise Ship of "Two Rivers and Four Lakes"

Design category Design elements Details Carving of mountains and rivers can be used as Guilin Kars Decoration the decorations of skylight Hydrangea Cruise ship lighting design

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Black, white and gray are the main colors of Color Black, white and gray design; red can be used as the decorative color for lines. The wind and rain Application of architectural symmetrical style, Appearance Bridge warped eaves the bridge, double-layer roof. Use glass fiber reinforced plastic, glass fiber, Material Composite material steel and aluminum alloy Reasonably design the layout of the cabin seats Visitors’ facilities Convenient pass to maximize the view of sceneries.

2.4 Extraction of Regional Cultural Elements of Guangxi

Table 2 Design features of cruise ship

Cultural elements Design ideas Element extraction

Taking advantage of the Roof of the wind double-layer roof of the bridge and rain bridge of makes the roof of the ship look Dong ethnic group layered. This design is also a style of symmetrical.

The application of flying eaves The flying eaves of in the design of cruise ships, the wind and rain integrating the cruise ships and bridge pavilions.

The elements of mountains and rivers are integrated into Guilin Kars the design of the cruise ship, which will make the ship looks more gently and fluently.

The application of hydrangea Hydrangea of in the design of lightening will Zhuang ethnic group increase the creativity.

The overall design of the cruise ship reflects the symmetrical style of traditional Chinese architecture, and the design of the top of the cruise ship reflects the characteristics of the double roof

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structure of the wind and rain bridge. The dormant window of the ship is decorated with the soft lines of landscape of Guilin, which streamlines the cruise ship. The elements of wind and rain bridges and landscape culture reflect the local characteristics of Guangxi and enhance the identification of the cruise ships on the "two rivers and four lakes".

2.5 Analysis of Elements in the Design of the Cruise Ship on "Two Rivers and Four Lakes"

2.5.1 Painting Material

Innovative developments of the materials and technology are constantly being used for the construction of modern cruise ships (Parnyakov, 2014). The cruise ships materials were fiberglass, alloy metal, wood and composite materials (Tibbitts & Baron, 1999; Xi, 2005) . The hull of the cruise ship adopts environmental protection spray paint to extend the life of the cruise ship. The surface paint of the cruise ship is made from traditional linseed oil and turpentine oil, which is regarded as a more environmentally friendly layered spray paint technology. Polyurethane topcoat is used for the part above the water. By adding various anti-rust pigments, this paint has better performance of anti-corrosion. The chlorinated rubber antirust primer is used for the part underwater, which makes the paint has better quality of water resistance, substrate adhesion and interlayer adhesion between the antifouling coating. The paint with anti-pollution treatment and the sustainability of cruise ship fuel systems should be given priority which can protect the water (Yu, 2011; Iannaccone, Landucci, Tugnoli, Salzano & Cozzani, 2020).

2.5.2 Standard Sizes

The paper suggests that the restrictions should be imposed on the height and width of the cruise ship for the extensive investigation on the characteristics of the cruise ship and the environment of the "two rivers and four lakes" region. In order to ensure the safety of tourists, the height and width of the cruise ship must be moderate because the ship will pass arch bridge and waterway’s lock. A cruise ship model was coupled by Google SketchUp TRNSYS 3d plug-in (Barone, Buonomano, Forzano, Palombo & Vicidomini, 2020). Therefore, the cruise ship is proposed to have a length of 14200mm, a width of 3150mm, and a height of 3050mm. And the suggesting passenger capacity is19 people; cabin length is 8150mm; cabin width is 2730mm. Moreover, the designed waterline of the ship is 0.40m and the waterline is 0.50m when the ship carry passengers. The preliminary renderings of the cruise ship should be equipped with the following facilities (See Fig.1 and Fig.2).

Figure 1 The interior space of a cruise ship in sketches

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Figure 2 The appearance of a cruise ship in sketches

3 Design of Cruise Ship on "Two Rivers and Four Lakes"

Some Chinese scholars summarized the cruise design principles (Zheng, Qiao and Liu, 2020). The cruise principles are: rationality and perception coordination, appearance and internality coordination, characteristics and framework coordination, entirety and elements coordination (Wenhui, 2004). After the analysis of the aesthetic trend of cruise ship and user needs and the collection of the styles of the existing regional and cultural cruise ships, this paper decides to design the cruise ship on "two rivers and four lakes" into classical style. This design has combined scene integration with cultural integration. Classical style definitely is not equal to complicated one. It is an artistic style of design represented by traditional utensils and classical architecture, with emphasis on symmetrical and detailed decorations. The design brought about in this paper gets rid of complexity and strengthen the cultural confidence. In addition, it extracts the essence of classical architecture and integrates the aesthetics of modern minimalist design style, forming a style based on human emotion and cultural connotation.

Figure 3 The Cruise Ship side view

Having analyzed the regional cultural elements and cruise ship design style, the author can put forward the design of the cruise ship on the "two rivers and four lakes" (See Fig.3). The final design has experienced many steps from early investigation, bringing about ideas, sketch to the refining of the plan. The cruise ship will have more attractions for tourists via the rational design and mixing with the local characteristics. Therefore, the scenic spots will naturally become more attractive, which makes visitors more enjoyable during their visit to Guilin Kars.

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Cruise ship design involves many issues such as modeling design, aesthetics, layout, structural design, engineering technology and materials. It’s superficial to think cruise ship design is only about innovation and technology. However, the core is "multi-dimensional integration and collaboration". The next step is to refine the research on the cabin space scale based on the visitors’ physiological and psychological needs. In addition, the design aims to create the advanced model based on hydrodynamics, fluid mechanics and bionics and to optimize the comprehensive design based on structural technology of finite element analysis.

Table 3 Partial Rendering of Cruise Ship

4 Summary

Following the design concept of "cultural heritage of Guangxi plus modern aesthetics" and focusing on people, the design of cruise ship stress on regional features that can differentiate them from other ships, which improves the artistic level and creativity of ship design. Taking advantage of the wisdom of ancient wooden architecture, the designer takes consideration of Chinese aesthetic values and then carried out it. Furthermore, the design makes the cruise ship become more comfortable and beautiful; its space functions and added value will be also improved. The improved design of the cruise ship on the "two rivers and four lakes" will give the guidance to Guangxi in exchange with foreign countries and display of regional image under the background of " all-for-one" tourism.

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Funding

This research was supported by the "Ideological and Political Model Course of Tourism Product Design" which is set up in teaching construction and reform project of undergraduate in Guilin University of Technology in 2020 [No. KCSZ202020].

References

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