DOCSLIB.ORG

|||GET||| Louis Xiv and the Greatness of France 1St Edition

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
|||GET||| Louis Xiv and the Greatness of France 1St Edition LOUIS XIV AND THE GREATNESS OF FRANCE 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Maurice Ashley | 9780029010808 | | | | | Louis XIV and the greatness of France In his work, Rigaud proclaims Louis' exalted royal status through his elegant stance and haughty expression, the royal regalia and throne, rich ceremonial Louis Xiv And The Greatness Of France 1st edition robes, as well as the upright column in the background, which, together with the draperies, serves to frame this image of majesty. Dr Andrew Lacey. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Thus, his generosity to Spain with regard to Catalonia has been read as a concession to foster pro-French sentiment and may ultimately have induced King Charles II to name Louis's grandson Philip, Duke of Anjouheir to the Spanish throne. Legitimised in November Ohio State University Press. The Aufrere Parchments and other French manuscripts in the possession of G. All comments are moderated so they won't display until the moderator has approved your comment. Anne and Mazarin had largely pursued the policies of Cardinal Richelieuaugmenting the Crown's power at the expense of the nobility and the Parlements. He also enforced uniformity of religion under the Gallican Catholic Church. Through an examination of the differing strategies utilized to protect their status, this collection reveals much about the fundamental role Louis Xiv And The Greatness Of France 1st edition the 'second order' in European history and how they had to redefine the social and cultural 'spaces' in which they found themselves. He could agree to a partition of the Spanish possessions and avoid a general war, or accept Charles II's will and alienate much of Europe. From — he engaged France in the Franco-Dutch War. Among other things, it prescribed baptismal, marriage and Louis Xiv And The Greatness Of France 1st edition records in the state's registers, not the church's, and it strictly regulated the right of the Parlements to remonstrate. Despite military defeat, his ally Sweden regained much of their losses under the treaties of Saint-Germain-en-LayeFontainebleau and Lund imposed on Denmark-Norway and Brandenburg. This led to the bombardment of Brusselsin which more than 4, buildings were destroyed, including the entire city-center. Henry II of Navarre []. The study includes a guide to the historical literature concerning war and diplomacy during this period. Anne kept the direction of religious policy strongly in her hand until ; her most important political decisions were to nominate Cardinal Mazarin as her chief minister and the continuation of her late husband's and Cardinal Richelieu 's policy, despite their persecution of her, for the sake of her son. Orders The escutcheons are surrounded first by the chain of the Order of Saint Michael and by the chain of the Order of the Holy Spiritboth were known as the ordres du roi. All the news. Died in childhood. Under the Edict of Fontainebleau, Louis XIV orchestrated the destruction of Protestant churches and schools throughout France and forced all children to be educated and baptized as Catholics. Life of the estate Reopening of the Queen's State Apartment After more than three years of restoration, the Queen' State Apartement will open its doors to the public from 16th April. Beginning intheir discontent erupted into a civil war known as the Fronde, which forced the royal family to flee Paris and instilled a lifelong fear of rebellion in the young king. Despite the use of pensions and punishments, the monarchy had been unable to subdue the nobles, who had started 11 civil wars in 40 years. Namespaces Article Talk. German law ostensibly barred her from succeeding to her brother's lands and electoral dignity, but it was unclear enough for arguments in favour of Elizabeth Charlotte to have a chance of success. Throughout the long war, Louis XIV suffered many hardships, including poverty and starvation. The treaty yielded many benefits for France. On his deathbed inCharles II unexpectedly changed his will. This course is part of the. Ballet dancing was actually used by Louis as a political tool to hold power over his state. Consequently, the state always received far less than what the taxpayers actually paid. BIOGRAPHY NEWSLETTER Cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. All of Louis' tears and his supplications to his mother did not Louis Xiv And The Greatness Of France 1st edition her change her mind; the Spanish marriage was very important both for its role in ending the war between France and Spain, and because many of the claims and objectives of Louis' foreign policy in the next 50 years would be based on this marriage. Louis XIII. His work was adopted and published by Feuillet in Queenship in Europe The Role of the Consort. The Eurocentric conventional wisdom holds that the West is unique in having a multi-state system in international relations and liberal democracy in state-society relations. Cities and territories, such as Luxembourg and Casalewere prized for their strategic positions on the frontier and access to important waterways. In DecemberFrench officer Alfred Dreyfus was convicted of treason by a military court-martial and sentenced to life in prison for his alleged crime of passing military secrets to the Germans. He recommended that France fight back by licensing French merchants ships to privateer and seize enemy merchant ships, while avoiding its navies:. Inthe Emperor Leopold I died. The long war was so costly for France that it prompted famine and placed the country deep in debt. Jens Ivo, Engels July—September Oxford University Press. Ancestors of Louis XIV To understand the reign of Louis XIV we must go back in time and the course will begin in the s and the crisis France experienced as a result of the Reformation. What is certain is that reaction to the Edict was mixed. To my predecessors I am largely indebted. Philip II of Spain []. German law ostensibly barred her from succeeding to her brother's lands and electoral dignity, but it was unclear enough for arguments in favour of Elizabeth Charlotte to have a chance of success. In conclusion we will try to assess the successes and failures of a monarch who, directly or indirectly, set France upon a path to European power and prestige which has lasted until the present day. Before this happened, Louis expected William's expedition to England to absorb his energies and those of his allies, so he dispatched troops to the Rhineland after the expiry of his ultimatum to the German princes requiring confirmation of the Truce of Ratisbon and acceptance of his demands about the succession crises. All comments are moderated so they won't display until the moderator has approved your comment. Louis XIV succeeded his father as king Louis Xiv And The Greatness Of France 1st edition France on May 14,at the age of four years eight months. Translated by Greengrass, Mark. Although Fouquet's financial indiscretions were not very different from Mazarin's before him or Colbert's after him, his ambition was worrying to Louis. It is one of the oldest in Europe. Notes 1 also an Infante or Infanta of Spain 2 also an Archduchess of Austria 3 both p Philip was the first Bourbon king of Spain, the country's present ruling house. At Versailles, the king alone commanded attention. The Peace of Westphaliaending the Thirty Years' War, resulted in the rise of the modern European states system. History — Seventeenth-Century Europe. He once narrowly escaped drowning in a pond because no one was watching him. Schama, Simon The surnames in volumes first Louis Xiv And The Greatness Of France 1st edition second are re-produced in a careful analysis of Louis Xiv And The Greatness Of France 1st edition whole work. PDF Download Archived from the original on 3 June The Queen also gave a partial Catholic orientation to French foreign policy. The Peace of Westphaliaending the Thirty Years' War, resulted in the rise of the modern European states system. Jeanne III of Navarre []. By NNa gardener. He recommended that France fight back by licensing French Louis Xiv And The Greatness Of France 1st edition ships to privateer and seize enemy merchant ships, while avoiding its navies:. He succeeded because he faithfully reflected the mood of a France overflowing with Louis Xiv And The Greatness Of France 1st edition and vigour and enamoured of grandeur. Main article: Treaty of Ryswick. Apartments were built to house those willing to pay court to the king. This Day In History. All the details and rules were compressed in five positions of the bodies codified by Beauchamp. Responding to petitions, Louis initially excluded Protestants from office, constrained the meeting of synodsclosed churches outside of Edict- stipulated areas, banned Protestant outdoor preachers, and prohibited domestic Protestant migration. His reign of 72 years and days is the longest recorded of any monarch of a sovereign country in European history. He also disallowed Protestant-Catholic intermarriages to which third parties objected, encouraged missions to the Protestants, and rewarded converts to Catholicism. Ballet dancing was actually used by Louis as a political tool to hold power over his state. Unsurprisingly, the pope repudiated the Declaration. Legitimised in November Albert V, Duke of Bavaria []. Nolan, Cathal J. Durant, Will; Durant, Ariel With the relocation of the court to Versailles, the Louvre was given over to the arts and the public. This victory over the nobility may thus have ensured the end of major civil wars in France until the French Revolution about a century later. Louis XIV and the greatness of France. Immediately after assuming control of the government, Louis worked tirelessly to centralize and tighten control of Louis Xiv And The Greatness Of France 1st edition and its overseas colonies.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Albret, Jean D' Entries Châlons-En-Champagne (1487)
    Index Abbeville 113, 182 Albret, Jean d’ Entries Entries Charles de Bourbon (1520) 183 Châlons-en-Champagne (1487) 181 Charles VIII (1493) 26–27, 35, 41, Albret, Jeanne d’ 50–51, 81, 97, 112 Entries Eleanor of Austria (1531) 60, 139, Limoges (1556) 202 148n64, 160–61 Alençon, Charles, duke of (d.1525) 186, Henry VI (1430) 136 188–89 Louis XI (1463) 53, 86n43, 97n90 Almanni, Luigi 109 Repurchased by Louis XI (1463) 53 Altars 43, 44 Abigail, wife of King David 96 Ambassadors 9–10, 76, 97, 146, 156 Albon de Saint André, Jean d’ 134 Amboise 135, 154 Entries Amboise, Edict of (1563) 67 Lyon (1550) 192, 197, 198–99, 201, 209, Amboise, Georges d’, cardinal and archbishop 214 of Rouen (d.1510) 64–65, 130, 194 Abraham 96 Entries Accounts, financial 15, 16 Noyon (1508) 204 Aeneas 107 Paris (1502) 194 Agamemnon 108 Saint-Quentin (1508) 204 Agen Amelot, Jacques-Charles 218 Entries Amiens 143, 182 Catherine de Medici (1578) 171 Bishop of Charles IX (1565) 125–26, 151–52 Entries Governors 183–84 Nicholas de Pellevé (1555) 28 Oath to Louis XI 185 Captain of 120 Preparing entry for Francis I (1542) 79 Claubaut family 91 Agricol, Saint 184 Confirmation of liberties at court 44, Aire-sur-la-Lys 225 63–64 Aix-en-Provence Entries Confirmation of liberties at court 63n156 Anne of Beaujeu (1493) 105, 175 Entries Antoine de Bourbon (1541) 143, 192, Charles IX (1564) 66n167 209 Bernard de Nogaret de La Valette (1587) Charles VI and Dauphin Louis (1414) 196n79 97n90, 139, 211n164 Françoise de Foix-Candale (1547) Léonor dʼOrléans, duke of Longueville 213–14 (1571)
    [Show full text]
  • Creation of Order of Chivalry Page 0 of 72
    º Creation of Order of Chivalry Page 0 of 72 º PREFACE Knights come in many historical forms besides the traditional Knight in shining armor such as the legend of King Arthur invokes. There are the Samurai, the Mongol, the Moors, the Normans, the Templars, the Hospitaliers, the Saracens, the Teutonic, the Lakota, the Centurions just to name a very few. Likewise today the Modern Knight comes from a great variety of Cultures, Professions and Faiths. A knight was a "gentleman soldier or member of the warrior class of the Middle Ages in Europe. In other Indo-European languages, cognates of cavalier or rider French chevalier and German Ritter) suggesting a connection to the knight's mode of transport. Since antiquity a position of honor and prestige has been held by mounted warriors such as the Greek hippeus and the Roman eques, and knighthood in the Middle Ages was inextricably linked with horsemanship. Some orders of knighthood, such as the Knights Templar, have themselves become the stuff of legend; others have disappeared into obscurity. Today, a number of orders of knighthood continue to exist in several countries, such as the English Order of the Garter, the Swedish Royal Order of the Seraphim, and the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav. Each of these orders has its own criteria for eligibility, but knighthood is generally granted by a head of state to selected persons to recognize some meritorious achievement. In the Legion of Honor, democracy became a part of the new chivalry. No longer was this limited to men of noble birth, as in the past, who received favors from their king.
    [Show full text]
  • The Huguenots and Henry of Navarre, Vol. 1
    THE HUGUENOTS aND Henry of Navarre by HENRY MTBAIRD PROFESSOR IN THE UNIVERSITY OP THE CITY OP NEW YORK ; AUTHOR OP THE HISTORY OP THE RISE OF THE HUGUENOTS OF FRANCE WITH MAPS VOL. I. NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS 1886 THE HUGUENOTS AND HENRY OF NAVARRE Copyright, 188«, by CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS PREFACE. In the History of the Rise of the Huguenots I attempted to trace the progress of the Protestant party in France from the feeble and obscure beginnings of the Reformation to the close of the reign of Charles the Ninth ; when, by reason of heroic struggles, and of the fortitude wherewith persecution and treach ery had been endured, the Huguenots had gained an enviable place in the respect and admiration of Christendom. In the present work I have undertaken to portray the subsequent fort unes of the same valiant people, through a period not less critical and not less replete with varied and exciting incident, down to the formal recognition of their inalienable rights of conscience in a fundamental law of the kingdom, declared to be perpetual and irrevocable. As the Massacre of St. Bartholo mew's Day constituted the most thrilling occurrence related in the former volumes, so in the volumes now offered to the public the promulgation of the Edict of Nantes is the event toward which the action throughout tends, and in relation to which even transactions of little weight in themselves assume importance. A conflict persistently maintained in vindication of an essential principle of morals is always a noble subject of contemplation.
    [Show full text]
  • Hubert and John Van Eyck, Their Life and Work
    CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND GIVEN IN 1891 BY HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE r?f>r ARTS HBPASV Cornell University Library ND 673.E97W362 Hubert and John Van Eyck, their life and 3 1924 015 994 878 •< Cornell University ^ Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924015994878 HUBERT AND JOHN VAN EYCK OF THIS EDITION FOUR , , THE ANNUNCIATION BKRLIN I ROYAL GALLERY /'.v /yrrrnu.yi.'n- ij/~ tJit 1 Merlin Phftei/nu'ru'c Co, HUBERT AND JOHN VAN EYCK THEIR LIFE AND WORK BY W. H. JAMES WEALE WITH 41 PHOTOGRAVURE PLATES & 99 OTHER ILLUS- TRATIONS, MANY REPRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME LONDON: JOHN LANE, THE BODLEY HEAD k NEW YORK: JOHN LANE COMPANY. MCMVIII HM'l Y TO MY NIECES EMILY, JANE, ANNE AND ELEANOR TO WHOSE AFFECTIONATE KINDNESS THE COMPLETION OF THIS BOOK IS DUE FOREWORD It was not until the publication, in 1849, °f tne fi rst volume of Laborde's work, " Les Dues de Bourgogne," that the biography of the Van Eycks began to be elucidated. The documents printed in that work were collated with the originals by Pinchart, who gave more correct readings, and also published the entries of payments to John van Eyck in 1422-1425, which he discovered in the household accounts of John of Bavaria at the Hague. Since then the present writer has not only published some important documents (3, 18, 19, 23, 25, 26, 29, 31), but has, in the present work, brought together and printed in chronological order all those documents yet discovered.
    [Show full text]
  • Miranda, 2 | 2010 H.D
    Miranda Revue pluridisciplinaire du monde anglophone / Multidisciplinary peer-reviewed journal on the English- speaking world 2 | 2010 Voicing Conflict : Women and 20th Century Warfare H.D. and the Angelus Militans Suzanne Hobson Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/miranda/1328 DOI: 10.4000/miranda.1328 ISSN: 2108-6559 Publisher Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès Electronic reference Suzanne Hobson, “H.D. and the Angelus Militans”, Miranda [Online], 2 | 2010, Online since 03 July 2010, connection on 16 February 2021. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/miranda/1328 ; DOI: https:// doi.org/10.4000/miranda.1328 This text was automatically generated on 16 February 2021. Miranda is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. H.D. and the Angelus Militans 1 H.D. and the Angelus Militans Suzanne Hobson 1 Modernist writers were not slow to recognize that there was an easy analogy to be made between literary and visual representations of the war in heaven and the aerial warfare that was to distinguish 20th-century conflict from all terrestrial precedents (Alldritt 114). The military angel was a ready-made figure for the kinds of strategies and technologies of warfare that were experienced for the first time in World War I and more widely and to more devastating effect in World War II. D.H. Lawrence, for example, recognized the resemblance between Zeppelins and warring angels as early as 1915. He writes to Ottoline Morell that “[i]t was like Milton—there was war in heaven. But it was not angels. It was that small golden Zeppelin, like a long oval world, high up” (Boulton 1981, 390).
    [Show full text]
  • Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion ______
    ISSN 1556-3723 (print) Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion __________________________________________________________________ Volume 13 2017 Article 5 __________________________________________________________________ Religion, Warrior Elites, and Property Rights R. Warren Anderson* and Brooks B. Hull University of Michigan-Dearborn Dearborn, Michigan * [email protected] Copyright © 2017 Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion is freely available on the World Wide Web at http://www.religjournal.com. Religion, Warrior Elites, and Property Rights† R. Warren Anderson and Brooks B. Hull University of Michigan-Dearborn Dearborn, Michigan Abstract In 1119 King Baldwin II of Jerusalem granted nine French knights space on the Temple Mount over the ruins of Solomon’s Temple to create the headquarters of a new monastic order: The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon, or the Knights Templar. They grew in wealth and power and became an influential and pervasive organization throughout Western Europe until King Philip of France suppressed them in 1307. The Templars were only one of a number of Christian holy orders of “warrior monks” founded after the First Crusade, with more than two-dozen others founded in Syria, Central and Eastern Europe, and Iberia. More importantly for this paper, the Templars are one example of what we label “warrior elites.” Our definition of warrior elites is not precise but includes pre-industrial full-time specialized soldiers that represent a relatively small part of a region’s military forces but possess disproportionate military strength.
    [Show full text]
  • Coombs2013vol1.Pdf (5.079Mb)
    This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. 'Distantia Jungit': Scots Patronage of the Visual Arts in France, c.1445 – c.1545 Volume 1 Bryony J Coombs Ph.D. History of Art The University of Edinburgh 2013 'Distantia Jungit'1 1 'Unites things distant,' or 'joins things that were apart'. Bérault Stuart d'Aubigny's motto referring to his role as the 'buckle' between the kingdom of Scotland and the kingdom of France. Giovio, 1559, 92. DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis is my own work and has not been submitted for any other degree or professional qualification except as specified. Signature:....................................................................... Date:......................... iii ABSTRACT This thesis examines interest in the visual arts by patrons of Scottish descent, active in France, c.1445 to c.1545: the Monypenny family, Bérault and Robert Stuart d'Aubigny, and John Stuart, Duke of Albany.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hereafter: Saint Michael 15Th - 16Th Centuries
    Parallel spaces of the Renaissance The Hereafter: Saint Michael 15th - 16th centuries Romain DOUCET ABSTRACT Saint Michael was a unique saint. As an archangel, he acted as the preferred messenger between Heaven and Earth. His struggle against the forces of Evil allowed him to serve as both a guardian and a warrior angel, which made him the ideal protector of the French monarchy. The figure of the archangel established itself in the late Middle Ages and beginning of the early modern period, particularly in France. Maître de Rohan, « Le mort devant son juge », enluminure des Grandes Heures de Rohan, vers 1440-1445 (Ms latin 9471, fol. 159, BNF). Rogier Van der Weyden, The Last Judgment (detail) (Beaune, musée des Hospices, circa 1445-1450). Source: Wikimedia Commons https://goo.gl/ZwN8wh Michael, which means “Who is like God?” in Hebrew, is the most famous and most frequently invoked archangel. His image was used by elites from late Antiquity. The Byzantine and Carolingian Empires stressed the protection he offered the Hebrews in the Old Testament and showed a deep attachment to the developing worship of the archangel. The Capetians, who claimed to be pursuing the archangel’s mission, also situated themselves within this legacy. His battle against the dragon of the Apocalypse gave him a stature that other angels lacked: he was the guardian angel of a kingdom, as well as the angel warring against the forces of Evil, and could thus be invoked personally and even intimately, in hope of his intercession with God. The Christian tradition saw the archangels Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael as intercessors with God: in the Bible, Raphael speaks of the “seven angels [including Michael, Gabriel, and himself] who stand ready and enter before the glory of the Lord” (Tobit 12.15).
    [Show full text]
  • Sdd2021 Online2
    FRANÇOIS-PASCAL-SIMON, BARON GÉRARD Rome, 1770 - Paris, 1837 The Parents of Psyche consulting Apollo’s oracle, c. 1796 Black chalk, pen and brown ink, brown wash 184 x 140 mm Born in Rome of French parents, Gérard began his career in the workshop of the sculptor Pajou and then frequented the Brenet workshop before joining David in 1786. In 1789, Gérard failed for the Prix de Rome and no longer competed. After his father’s death the following year, he accompanied his mother in Italy, where he stayed from 1791 to 1793. On his return, thanks to David, he obtained a studio in the Louvre and avoided enlisting in the revolutionary armies. His Bélisaire (1795) and then the portrait of his friend Isabey (1796) were much noticed at the Salon, but it is above all to Psyché recevant le premier baiser de l'Amour (1799) that he owes his great success. He thus won the favour of the First Consul, who commissioned an Ossian évoquant les fantômes au son de la harpe for Malmaison. Although his fame was established by his portraits of the dignitaries of the Empire, Gérard did not give up history painting. La Bataille d’Austerlitz was followed by compositions to the glory of the Bourbons, such as L’Entrée d’Henri IV à Paris (1817) and Le Couronnement de Charles X à Reims (1826). Later, returning to an anacreontic inspiration, he painted Daphnis et Chloé in 1824 and Hylas et la nymphe the following year. Knight of the Legion of Honour since 1802, Baron of the Empire, professor at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, member of the Institute, Gérard received the Cross of the Order of Saint Michael from Louis XVIII and became the first painter of Charles X.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Dundee MASTER of PHILOSOPHY Information And
    University of Dundee MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY Information and French Support for Jacobite Ireland, 1689-1691 Keogh, Jonathan Stuart Award date: 2013 Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 01. Oct. 2021 MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY Information and French Support for Jacobite Ireland, 1689-1691 Jonathan Stuart Keogh 2013 University of Dundee Conditions for Use and Duplication Copyright of this work belongs to the author unless otherwise identified in the body of the thesis. It is permitted to use and duplicate this work only for personal and non-commercial research, study or criticism/review. You must obtain prior written consent from the author for any other use. Any quotation from this thesis must be acknowledged using the normal academic conventions. It is not permitted to supply the whole or part of this thesis to any other person or to post the same on any website or other online location without the prior written consent of the author.
    [Show full text]
  • Mont-Saint-Michel and Chartres
    -f CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND GIVEN IN 1891 BY HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE ''""'^ DC 20.A2ri9l'3"'^"'^ '^°[;t-Saint-Michel and Chartres 3 1924 024 296 208 DATE DUE .i,Si'^'^r!T <^?^m -mm '^yM ' \m^ **?98ff*sr TF^ S PRINTED INU 5. A. ^2 Cornell University "<!®l Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924024296208 PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS Mont'Saint'Michel and Chartres ^g^^ Charires: The Tree of Jesse Window {Upper fart) ' , t-A^\>'\'^ Mont-Saint- Michel and Chartres BY HENRY ADAMS WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY RALPH ADAMS CRAM Illustrated BOSTON AND NEW YORK HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY fCfie SMtaetjJibe ^tt$i Cambribge 1913 'v COPYRIGHT, 1904, BY HENRY ADAMS ' ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Published November igi3 957249 Editor's Note FROM the moment when, through the courtesy of my friend Barrett Wendell, I came first to know Mr. Henry Adams's book, MonU Saint-Michel and Chartres, I was profoundly convinced that this privately printed, jealously guarded volume should be withdrawn from its hiding-place amongst the bibliographical treasures of col- lectors and amateurs and given that wide publicity demanded alike by its intrinsic nature and the causfe it could so admirably serve. To say that the book was a revelation is inadequately to express a fact; at once all the theology, philosophy, and mysticism, the poli- tics, sociology, and economics, the romance, literature, and art of that greatest epoch of Christian civilization became fused in the alembic of an unique insight and precipitated by the dynamic force of a per- sonal and distinguished style.
    [Show full text]
  • Excavation for the Round Green Grove Study of a Token from King Henri Lll's Chamber of Accounts by Guillaume Divry Doctorant En Archéologie Gallo-Romaine
    Versailles – Excavation for the Round Green Grove Study of a token from King Henri lll's Chamber of Accounts By Guillaume Divry Doctorant en archéologie gallo-romaine Sector D5, Inventory no.RV11-424-Ob11, No. d'ordre:223 Obverse Title: CAM(. .) COMPVTOR REGIORVM At the token's center, France's shield crowned and encircled by the Order of St. Michael's chain. Reverse Title: S(. .)DVCENDIS RATIO(. .)IBVS8 The high relief is quite worn and undecipherable. Nevertheless, a discernable figure with a stretched out arm can be perceived. The year 1580 can be clearly read under said figure. Official features Measured features Brass Brass Weight: X g Weight: 3g Diameter: 28mm Diameter: 28mm Thickness:X mm Thickness: 0,75mm Smooth edge Volutes – Guillaume Divry Page 1 Definition: The Chambers of Accounts are sovereign jurisdictions charged with the management of finances and taxation within the Kingdom of France (provincial chambers of Dauphiné or Bretagne for example) and the royal estates (chamber of Paris) The latter would also supervise the handling of finances, verify the accounts of all royal agents, register privileges. In order to fulfill all the verifications related to Royal finances, the token or "jeton de comptes" is used to ease the computing and allow for monitoring large amounts of money. Even though coin- like, the token has no monetary value. Nevertheless, its use is definitely linked to coins, that is, earnings and expenses, as it served as a substitute when computing accounts. The marking of the "jeton de compte" depends on its issuing year, but also on the institution to which it is attached.
    [Show full text]