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Poverty, Charity and the Papacy in The
TRICLINIUM PAUPERUM: POVERTY, CHARITY AND THE PAPACY IN THE TIME OF GREGORY THE GREAT AN ABSTRACT SUBMITTED ON THE FIFTEENTH DAY OF MARCH, 2013 TO THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SCHOOL OF LIBERAL ARTS OF TULANE UNIVERSITY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY BY ___________________________ Miles Doleac APPROVED: ________________________ Dennis P. Kehoe, Ph.D. Co-Director ________________________ F. Thomas Luongo, Ph.D. Co-Director ________________________ Thomas D. Frazel, Ph.D AN ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the role of Gregory I (r. 590-604 CE) in developing permanent ecclesiastical institutions under the authority of the Bishop of Rome to feed and serve the poor and the socio-political world in which he did so. Gregory’s work was part culmination of pre-existing practice, part innovation. I contend that Gregory transformed fading, ancient institutions and ideas—the Imperial annona, the monastic soup kitchen-hospice or xenodochium, Christianity’s “collection for the saints,” Christian caritas more generally and Greco-Roman euergetism—into something distinctly ecclesiastical, indeed “papal.” Although Gregory has long been closely associated with charity, few have attempted to unpack in any systematic way what Gregorian charity might have looked like in practical application and what impact it had on the Roman Church and the Roman people. I believe that we can see the contours of Gregory’s initiatives at work and, at least, the faint framework of an organized system of ecclesiastical charity that would emerge in clearer relief in the eighth and ninth centuries under Hadrian I (r. 772-795) and Leo III (r. -
Eschatological Inconsistency in the Ante
Andyews University Seminary Studies, Spring 2001, Vol. 39, No. 1,125-132. Copyright 0 2001 Andrews University Press. ESCHATOLOGICAL INCONSISTENCY IN THE ANTE-NICENE FATHERS? ART MARMORSTEIN Northern State University Aberdeen, South Dakota From the late nineteenth century onward, eschatology has been one of the most important factors considered in determining the date, authorship, and integrity of works written during the NT and intertestamental periods. Followers of Albert Schweitzer and Johannes Weiss, for instance, have argued that eschatological ideas provide clear guidelines for separating Jesus' genuine teaching from later additions made by the church. According to this "consistent eschatological"approach to the NT, only those teachings reflecting confidence in a nearly-immediateParousia can with certainty be attributed to the "historical" Jesus or his first followers.' The Schweitzer/Weiss hypothesis has been used as a starting point by many patristic scholars, most notably Martin Werner. Werner tried to show that the "de-eschato1ization"of the gospel message, which took place in response to the delay of the Parousia, caused nearly every theological difficulty the church would later face.2 Recent studies in both patristics and the NT have moved away from the consistent eschatological approach. Brian Daley, for instance, provides an impressive refutation of Werner's monocausal explanation of the development of Christian theology.) Nevertheless, there is still some tendency to make at least some use of 'The eschatological theories of Weiss (Die Predigt Jesu vom Reiche Gottes, Gottingen: 1892) and Schweitzer (Von Reimarus zu WrederTiibingen:J.C.B. Mohr, 19069, particularly the idea that disappointment in the delay of the Parousia was a major problem in the early church, have been echoed again and again, not only in twentieth-century scholarly literature, but in the popular press. -
Eusebius and His Ecclesiastical History
1 Eusebius and His Ecclesiastical History Eusebius’s Ecclesiastical History (HE) is the most important of his many books. It created a new literary genre that would have a long and influential history. In an often-quoted statement, F. C. Baur called Eusebius the father of ecclesiastical his- tory, just as Herodotus was the father of historical writing in general.1 The Ecclesi- astical History is our single most important source for recovering the history of the first three centuries of Christianity. And it is the centerpiece of a corpus of writings in which Eusebius created a distinctive vision of the place of the Christian church in world history and God’s providential plan. A book of such significance has attracted an enormous body of commentary and analysis driven by two rather different motives. One was the value of the HE as a documentary treasure trove of partially or completely lost works. For a long time, that was the primary driver of scholarly interest. The past two generations have seen the emergence of a second trend that focuses on Eusebius as a figure in his own right, a writer of exceptional range, creativity, and productivity, and an actor on the ecclesiastical and political stage.2 How, for example, did current events shape the way Eusebius thought and wrote about the church’s past? And what can his con- struction of the past tell us in turn about Christian consciousness and ambition during a time of enormous transition? Seen from that angle, the HE becomes not a source for history but itself an artifact of history, a hermeneutical redirection that will be applied to other works of Christian historiography in this book.3 1. -
EARLY CHURCH TRADITION POPE CLEMENT I You [Corinthians
EARLY CHURCH TRADITION POPE CLEMENT I You [Corinthians], therefore, who laid the foundation of the rebellion [in your church], submit to the presbyters and be chastened to repentance, bending your knees in a spirit of humility (Letter to the Corinthians 57 [A.D. 80]). HERMAS [The old woman told me:] "Every prayer should be accompanied with humility: fast, therefore, and you will obtain from the Lord what you beg." I fasted therefore for one day (The Shepherd 1:3:10 [A.D. 80]). IGNATIUS OF ANTIOCH For as many as are of God and of Jesus Christ are also with the bishop. And as many as shall, in the exercise of penance, return into the unity of the Church, these, too, shall belong to God, that they may live according to Jesus Christ (Letter to the Philadelphians 3 [A.D. 110]). 1 POLYCARP Wherefore, forsaking the vanity of many, and their false doctrines, let us return to the word which has been handed down to us from the beginning; staying awake in prayer, and persevering in fasting; beseeching in our supplications the all-seeing God "not to lead us into temptation," as the Lord has said: "The spirit truly is willing, but the flesh is weak" [Matt. 26:41] (Letter to the Philippians 7 [A.D. 135]). JUSTIN MARTYR I will also relate the manner in which we dedicated ourselves to God when we had been made new through Christ; lest, if we omit this, we seem to be unfair in the explanation we are making. As many as are persuaded and believe that what we teach and say is true, and undertake to be able to live accordingly, are instructed to pray and to entreat God with fasting, for the remission of their sins that are past, we are praying and fasting with them. -
Themes from the Early Church Fathers Witness of the Early Church
Association of Hebrew Catholics Lecture Series The Mystery of Israel and the Church Fall 2009 – Series 5 Themes From the Early Church Fathers Talk #3 Witness of the Early Church on the Road to Martyrdom: St. Ignatius of Antioch © Dr. Lawrence Feingold STD Associate Professor of Theology and Philosophy Kenrick-Glennon Seminary, Archdiocese of St. Louis, Missouri Note: This document contains the unedited text of Dr. Feingold’s talk. It will eventually undergo final editing for inclusion in the series of books being published by The Miriam Press under the series title: “The Mystery of Israel and the Church”. If you find errors of any type, please send your observations [email protected] This document may be copied and given to others. It may not be modified, sold, or placed on any web site. The actual recording of this talk, as well as the talks from all series, may be found on the AHC website at: http://www.hebrewcatholic.net/studies/mystery-of-israel-church/ Association of Hebrew Catholics • 4120 W Pine Blvd • Saint Louis MO 63108 www.hebrewcatholic.org • [email protected] Witness of the Early Church on the Road to Martyrdom: St. Ignatius of Antioch After the Letter of Clement I of Rome, the most im- with Christ and for life in him with the intensity of Ignatius. portant Christian source after the New Testament are the We therefore read the Gospel passage on the vine, which stupendous letters of St. Ignatius of Antioch, who wrote according to John’s Gospel is Jesus. In fact, two spiritual seven letters on his way to martyrdom in the Coliseum in “currents” converge in Ignatius, that of Paul, straining with Rome. -
ABSTRACT the Apostolic Tradition in the Ecclesiastical Histories Of
ABSTRACT The Apostolic Tradition in the Ecclesiastical Histories of Socrates, Sozomen, and Theodoret Scott A. Rushing, Ph.D. Mentor: Daniel H. Williams, Ph.D. This dissertation analyzes the transposition of the apostolic tradition in the fifth-century ecclesiastical histories of Socrates, Sozomen, and Theodoret. In the early patristic era, the apostolic tradition was defined as the transmission of the apostles’ teachings through the forms of Scripture, the rule of faith, and episcopal succession. Early Christians, e.g., Irenaeus, Tertullian, and Origen, believed that these channels preserved the original apostolic doctrines, and that the Church had faithfully handed them to successive generations. The Greek historians located the quintessence of the apostolic tradition through these traditional channels. However, the content of the tradition became transposed as a result of three historical movements during the fourth century: (1) Constantine inaugurated an era of Christian emperors, (2) the Council of Nicaea promulgated a creed in 325 A.D., and (3) monasticism emerged as a counter-cultural movement. Due to the confluence of these sweeping historical developments, the historians assumed the Nicene creed, the monastics, and Christian emperors into their taxonomy of the apostolic tradition. For reasons that crystallize long after Nicaea, the historians concluded that pro-Nicene theology epitomized the apostolic message. They accepted the introduction of new vocabulary, e.g. homoousios, as the standard of orthodoxy. In addition, the historians commended the pro- Nicene monastics and emperors as orthodox exemplars responsible for defending the apostolic tradition against the attacks of heretical enemies. The second chapter of this dissertation surveys the development of the apostolic tradition. -
St. Ignatius of Antioch Letter to the to the Smyrnaeans
St. Ignatius of Antioch Letter to the to the Smyrnaeans Translated by Cyril Richardson Heartiest greetings in all sincerity and in God’s Word from Ignatius, the “God-inspired,” to the church of God the Father and the beloved Jesus Christ, which is at Smyrna in Asia. By God’s mercy you have received every gift; you abound in faith and love, and are lacking in no gift. You are a wonderful credit to God and real saints. 1 I extol Jesus Christ, the God who has granted you such wisdom. For I detected that you were fitted out with an unshakable faith, being nailed, as it were, body and soul to the cross of the Lord Jesus Christ, and being rooted in love by the blood of Christ. Regarding our Lord, you are absolutely convinced that on the human side he was actually sprung from David’s line, Son of God according to God’s will and power, actually born of a virgin, baptized by John, that “all righteousness might be fulfilled by him,” and actually crucified for us in the flesh, under Pontius Pilate and Herod the Tetrarch. (We are part of His fruit which grew out of his most blessed Passion.) And thus, by his resurrection, he raised a standard to rally his saints and faithful forever — whether Jews or Gentiles — in one body of his Church. 2 For it was for our sakes that he suffered all this, to save us. And he genuinely suffered, as even he genuinely raised himself. It is not as some unbelievers say, that his Passion was a sham. -
Ignatius of Antioch in Second Century, Asia Minor
Ignatius of Antioch in Second Century, Asia Minor Allen Brent In 1644 Archbishop Ussher published his great literary achievement—the recovery of the seven original letters purporting to have been written by Ignatius, a martyr and a bishop, dated by Eusebius in the reign of Trajan.1 Previously those letters had been a corpus of twelve, and the original seven had been expanded into the “Long Recension.” Notwithstanding Cureton’s abbreviated Syriac version, containing only three letters published in 1845, Ussher’s establishment of a corpus from the seven mentioned in Eusebius’ catalogue has remained almost universally unassailed amongst scholars.2 The issue of authenticity is however another matter. There is considerable contro- versy over the genuineness of these letters as the literary product of an actual martyr named Ignatius of Antioch. The issue is whether wholly or by interpola- tion they represent a fictional setting for a late second-century writer to justify a nascent episcopal order struggling to be reborn at that later date.3 I have long been convinced of the authenticity of the letters, whilst acknowledging the problems of contextualizing them historically and cultur- ally that have fed the charge that they are fictionalized forgeries. They claim to be the personal account of Ignatius travelling along the official route (cursus 1 Joseph B. Lightfoot, ed. and trans., The Apostolic Fathers: A Revised Text with Introductions, Notes, Dissertations, and Translations: Part 2: Ignatius and Polycarp, vol. 1, 2nd ed. (London: Macmillan, 1890), 1–9; and, Allen Brent, Ignatius of Antioch: A Martyr Bishop and the Origin of Episcopacy (New York: T&T Clark, 2007), 224–25. -
The Apology of Justin Martyr
Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament · 2. Reihe Herausgeber / Editor Jörg Frey (Zürich) Mitherausgeber / Associate Editors Markus Bockmuehl (Oxford) · James A. Kelhoffer (Uppsala) Tobias Nicklas (Regensburg) · J. Ross Wagner (Durham, NC) 462 David E. Nyström The Apology of Justin Martyr Literary Strategies and the Defence of Christianity Mohr Siebeck David E. Nyström, born 1975; B.A. in Theological-Historical Studies from Oral Roberts University; M.A. in Theology and Religion from Durham University; PhD in Divinity from the University of Cambridge; worked at several universities and theological seminaries in Sweden, including the universities of Gothenburg and Uppsala, teaching New Testament and Historical Theology. orcid.org/0000-0002-4093-812X ISBN 978-3-16-155761-3 / eISBN 978-3-16-155762-0 DOI 10.1628/978-3-16-155762-0 ISSN 0340-9570 / eISSN 2568-7484 (Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament, 2. Reihe) The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbiblio - graphie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2018 by Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, Germany. www.mohrsiebeck.com This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that permitted by copyright law) without the publisher’s written permission. This applies particularly to reproduc- tions, translations and storage and processing in electronic systems. The book was printed by Laupp & Göbel in Gomaringen on non-aging paper and bound by Buchbinderei Nädele in Nehren. Printed in Germany. To Filippa and Edwin Preface This book is the lightly revised version of a doctoral thesis which was de- fended at the Faculty of Divinity, University of Cambridge in April 2012. -
1 Florestan and Eusebius
FLORESTAN AND EUSEBIUS: A LOOK INTO THE CRITICAL AND CREATIVE MINDSET OF ROBERT SCHUMANN THROUGH THE STUDY OF SELECTED WRITINGS AND FANTASIESTÜCKE OP. 73 FÜR KLAVIER UND KLARINETTE By Lauren Bailey Lewis A Senior Honors Project Presented to the Honors College East Carolina University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation with Honors By Lauren Bailey Lewis Greenville, NC May, 2018 Approved by: Dr. Douglas Moore-Monroe Associate Professor of Clarinet, School of Music, College of Fine Arts and Communication 1 Robert Schumann was an extremely influential composer and music critic during the Romantic era. Recognized for his strong connection between literature and music, musicians remember Schumann as one of the great composers of the nineteenth century. As the editor of Neue Zeitschift für Musik (New Periodical for Music) for ten years, Schumann wrote various articles critiquing distinguished and rising composers based on both technical and expressive elements in their music. Often, Schumann offered his critique through three separate characters: Eusebius, Florestan, and Master Raro. Entertaining and story-like, these character portrayals envelope aspects of Schumann’s personality and compositional style. For example, Florestan’s character is passionate, exuberant, and sometimes impulsive. On the other hand, Eusebius represents a thoughtful and reflective approach to criticism. He acts as a dreamer or romantic, and usually leaves some positive remark. These two contrasting characters are both used to describe music composed in the mid to late 1800’s. Florestan and Eusebius address separate issues and contribute to a rich understanding of the music through Schumann’s critique. Master Raro often synthesizes these conclusions into one digestible object, combining the technical and expressive elements of music. -
St. Francis of Assisi Roman Catholic Church 2746 Fifth Street • Castle Rock, Colorado 80104 303-688-3025 Office 303-405-6808 Fax Fr
June 13, 2021 11th Sunday in Ordinary Time St. Francis of Assisi Roman Catholic Church 2746 Fifth Street • Castle Rock, Colorado 80104 303-688-3025 Office 303-405-6808 Fax Fr. Homero Cardozo, Pastor Fr. Tim O’Connell, Parochial Vicar www.stfranciscr.org Sacramental Emergency 720-215-4540 A STEWARDSHIP PARISH Mass Schedule Saturday Vigil 5:30 pm Sundays 7:30 am, 9:30 am, 11:30 am, 1:30pm (Spanish) & 5:30 pm Weekdays 9 am Mon - Sat and 6 pm Mon - Fri Reconciliation/Confession Monday-Friday 8:30am, Fridays 6:30 pm, Saturday 4 pm or by appt.. Baptism Marriage STAY CONNECTED WITH OUR PARISH HAPPENINGS! MyParish App, Flocknote & Facebook Download to your smartphone today! Text App to 88202 to download MyParish app to your phone. OR To sign up for Flocknote, text STFRANCISCR to 84576 or visit flocknote.com/stfranciscr Like us on Facebook Saint Francis of Assisi Catholic Church to get the latest information Welcome, New Parishioners Request to join one of the closed Facebook groups: St. Francis of Assisi Women’s Ministry - Castle Rock, CO If you are new to St. Francis, or Castle Rock Catholic Young Adults please contact the Office to register. 303-688-3025 Sign up to get the bulletin delivered The Office is now open! Hours are 10 am - 5 pm, Monday - Friday, directly to your inbox at except for lunch from 12 - 12:30 pm www.ParishesOnline.com The office is closed on Saturday and Sunday THE DIOCESE OF COLOR ADO SPRINGS June 13, 2021 St. Francis of Assisi Church, Castle Rock, CO 2 Contact these Ministry Leaders to see how you can get involved in our parish! Parish Ministry Leadership We are a Stewardship parish and many volunteers help run our ministries. -
Coloma Catholic Life
Series 2 Newsletter 37 27th June 2021 Coloma Catholic Life. Pope Francis Prayer Intention for June: The Beauty of Marriage. Feast Day of St Peter & Paul – 29th June ‘Let us pray for young people who are preparing for marriage with the The feast of St Peter and Paul is a holyday of obligation, meaning it is a day on which Catholics are expected to attend Mass and rest from work and support of a Christian community: recreation. When the day falls during the working week they are called may they grow in love, with ‘working holy days’ and may mean the faithful cannon observe the edict to generosity, faithfulness and rest and refrain from work. Therefore, churches provide the opportunity to patience.’ attend Mass on the eve of the feast at a vigil Mass or at a time outside of working hours. The Bishops’ Conference of England and Wales is strongly Video: advocating all Catholics to return to public worship in their parish church. https://www.vaticannews.va/en/p Where there is hesitancy live streaming of mass can be found here: ope/news/2021-06/pope-francis- https://www.churchservices.tv/timetable/ june-2021-prayer-intetion-beauty- marriage.html St. Peter Peter's original name was Simon. Christ Himself Tweet: ‘Sister, brother, let Jesus gave him the name Cephas or Peter when they first look upon and heal your heart. And met and later confirmed it. This name change was if you have already felt His tender meant to show both Peter's rank as leader of the gaze upon you, imitate Him; do as apostles and the outstanding trait of his character He does.