September 2013 BRAS Newsletter
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The Astronomical Garden of Venus and Mars-NG915: the Pivotal Role Of
The astronomical garden of Venus and Mars - NG915 : the pivotal role of Astronomy in dating and deciphering Botticelli’s masterpiece Mariateresa Crosta Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF- OATo), Via Osservatorio 20, Pino Torinese -10025, TO, Italy e-mail: [email protected] Abstract This essay demonstrates the key role of Astronomy in the Botticelli Venus and Mars-NG915 painting, to date only very partially understood. Worthwhile coin- cidences among the principles of the Ficinian philosophy, the historical characters involved and the compositional elements of the painting, show how the astronomi- cal knowledge of that time strongly influenced this masterpiece. First, Astronomy provides its precise dating since the artist used the astronomical ephemerides of his time, albeit preserving a mythological meaning, and a clue for Botticelli’s signature. Second, it allows the correlation among Botticelli’s creative intention, the historical facts and the astronomical phenomena such as the heliacal rising of the planet Venus in conjunction with the Aquarius constellation dating back to the earliest represen- tations of Venus in Mesopotamian culture. This work not only bears a significant value for the history of science and art, but, in the current era of three-dimensional mapping of billion stars about to be delivered by Gaia, states the role of astro- nomical heritage in Western culture. Finally, following the same method, a precise astronomical dating for the famous Primavera painting is suggested. Keywords: History of Astronomy, Science and Philosophy, Renaissance Art, Educa- tion. Introduction Since its acquisition by London’s National Gallery on June 1874, the painting Venus and Mars by Botticelli, cataloged as NG915, has remained a mystery to be interpreted [1]1. -
Lurking in the Shadows: Wide-Separation Gas Giants As Tracers of Planet Formation
Lurking in the Shadows: Wide-Separation Gas Giants as Tracers of Planet Formation Thesis by Marta Levesque Bryan In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Pasadena, California 2018 Defended May 1, 2018 ii © 2018 Marta Levesque Bryan ORCID: [0000-0002-6076-5967] All rights reserved iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank Heather Knutson, who I had the great privilege of working with as my thesis advisor. Her encouragement, guidance, and perspective helped me navigate many a challenging problem, and my conversations with her were a consistent source of positivity and learning throughout my time at Caltech. I leave graduate school a better scientist and person for having her as a role model. Heather fostered a wonderfully positive and supportive environment for her students, giving us the space to explore and grow - I could not have asked for a better advisor or research experience. I would also like to thank Konstantin Batygin for enthusiastic and illuminating discussions that always left me more excited to explore the result at hand. Thank you as well to Dimitri Mawet for providing both expertise and contagious optimism for some of my latest direct imaging endeavors. Thank you to the rest of my thesis committee, namely Geoff Blake, Evan Kirby, and Chuck Steidel for their support, helpful conversations, and insightful questions. I am grateful to have had the opportunity to collaborate with Brendan Bowler. His talk at Caltech my second year of graduate school introduced me to an unexpected population of massive wide-separation planetary-mass companions, and lead to a long-running collaboration from which several of my thesis projects were born. -
Arxiv:1909.05961V1 [Astro-Ph.SR] 12 Sep 2019
Draft version September 16, 2019 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX62 TESS ASTEROSEISMOLOGY OF THE KNOWN RED-GIANT HOST STARS HD 212771 AND HD 203949 Tiago L. Campante,1, 2, 3 Enrico Corsaro,4 Mikkel N. Lund,5, 3 Beno^ıt Mosser,6 Aldo Serenelli,7, 8, 3 Dimitri Veras,9, 10, 3, ∗ Vardan Adibekyan,1 H. M. Antia,11 Warrick Ball,12, 5 Sarbani Basu,13 Timothy R. Bedding,14, 5, 3 Diego Bossini,1 Guy R. Davies,12, 5 Elisa Delgado Mena,1 Rafael A. Garc´ıa,15, 16 Rasmus Handberg,5 Marc Hon,17 Stephen R. Kane,18 Steven D. Kawaler,19, 3 James S. Kuszlewicz,20, 5 Miles Lucas,19 Savita Mathur,21, 22 Nicolas Nardetto,23 Martin B. Nielsen,12, 5, 24 Marc H. Pinsonneault,25, 3 Sabine Reffert,26 V´ıctor Silva Aguirre,5 Keivan G. Stassun,27, 28 Dennis Stello,17, 14, 5, 3 Stephan Stock,26 Mathieu Vrard,1 Mutlu Yıldız,29 William J. Chaplin,12, 5, 3 Daniel Huber,30, 3 Jacob L. Bean,31 Zeynep C¸elik Orhan,29 Margarida S. Cunha,1, 2 Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard,5, 3 Hans Kjeldsen,5, 32 Travis S. Metcalfe,33, 20 Andrea Miglio,12, 5 Mario´ J. P. F. G. Monteiro,1, 2 Benard Nsamba,1 Sibel Ortel¨ ,29 Filipe Pereira,1 Sergio´ G. Sousa,1, 2 Maria Tsantaki,1 and Margaret C. Turnbull34 1Instituto de Astrof´ısica e Ci^enciasdo Espa¸co,Universidade do Porto, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal 2Departamento de F´ısica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ci^enciasda Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal 3Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-4030, USA 4INAF | Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, via S. -
Curriculum Vitae - 24 March 2020
Dr. Eric E. Mamajek Curriculum Vitae - 24 March 2020 Jet Propulsion Laboratory Phone: (818) 354-2153 4800 Oak Grove Drive FAX: (818) 393-4950 MS 321-162 [email protected] Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 https://science.jpl.nasa.gov/people/Mamajek/ Positions 2020- Discipline Program Manager - Exoplanets, Astro. & Physics Directorate, JPL/Caltech 2016- Deputy Program Chief Scientist, NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program, JPL/Caltech 2017- Professor of Physics & Astronomy (Research), University of Rochester 2016-2017 Visiting Professor, Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester 2016 Professor, Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester 2013-2016 Associate Professor, Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester 2011-2012 Associate Astronomer, NOAO, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory 2008-2013 Assistant Professor, Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester (on leave 2011-2012) 2004-2008 Clay Postdoctoral Fellow, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 2000-2004 Graduate Research Assistant, University of Arizona, Astronomy 1999-2000 Graduate Teaching Assistant, University of Arizona, Astronomy 1998-1999 J. William Fulbright Fellow, Australia, ADFA/UNSW School of Physics Languages English (native), Spanish (advanced) Education 2004 Ph.D. The University of Arizona, Astronomy 2001 M.S. The University of Arizona, Astronomy 2000 M.Sc. The University of New South Wales, ADFA, Physics 1998 B.S. The Pennsylvania State University, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Physics 1993 H.S. Bethel Park High School Research Interests Formation and Evolution -
Naming the Extrasolar Planets
Naming the extrasolar planets W. Lyra Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, K¨onigstuhl 17, 69177, Heidelberg, Germany [email protected] Abstract and OGLE-TR-182 b, which does not help educators convey the message that these planets are quite similar to Jupiter. Extrasolar planets are not named and are referred to only In stark contrast, the sentence“planet Apollo is a gas giant by their assigned scientific designation. The reason given like Jupiter” is heavily - yet invisibly - coated with Coper- by the IAU to not name the planets is that it is consid- nicanism. ered impractical as planets are expected to be common. I One reason given by the IAU for not considering naming advance some reasons as to why this logic is flawed, and sug- the extrasolar planets is that it is a task deemed impractical. gest names for the 403 extrasolar planet candidates known One source is quoted as having said “if planets are found to as of Oct 2009. The names follow a scheme of association occur very frequently in the Universe, a system of individual with the constellation that the host star pertains to, and names for planets might well rapidly be found equally im- therefore are mostly drawn from Roman-Greek mythology. practicable as it is for stars, as planet discoveries progress.” Other mythologies may also be used given that a suitable 1. This leads to a second argument. It is indeed impractical association is established. to name all stars. But some stars are named nonetheless. In fact, all other classes of astronomical bodies are named. -
Download This Article in PDF Format
A&A 562, A92 (2014) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201321493 & c ESO 2014 Astrophysics Li depletion in solar analogues with exoplanets Extending the sample, E. Delgado Mena1,G.Israelian2,3, J. I. González Hernández2,3,S.G.Sousa1,2,4, A. Mortier1,4,N.C.Santos1,4, V. Zh. Adibekyan1, J. Fernandes5, R. Rebolo2,3,6,S.Udry7, and M. Mayor7 1 Centro de Astrofísica, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] 2 Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, C/ Via Lactea s/n, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain 3 Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain 4 Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal 5 CGUC, Department of Mathematics and Astronomical Observatory, University of Coimbra, 3049 Coimbra, Portugal 6 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Spain 7 Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 ch. des Maillettes, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland Received 18 March 2013 / Accepted 25 November 2013 ABSTRACT Aims. We want to study the effects of the formation of planets and planetary systems on the atmospheric Li abundance of planet host stars. Methods. In this work we present new determinations of lithium abundances for 326 main sequence stars with and without planets in the Teff range 5600–5900 K. The 277 stars come from the HARPS sample, the remaining targets were observed with a variety of high-resolution spectrographs. Results. We confirm significant differences in the Li distribution of solar twins (Teff = T ± 80 K, log g = log g ± 0.2and[Fe/H] = [Fe/H] ±0.2): the full sample of planet host stars (22) shows Li average values lower than “single” stars with no detected planets (60). -
Arxiv:2105.11583V2 [Astro-Ph.EP] 2 Jul 2021 Keck-HIRES, APF-Levy, and Lick-Hamilton Spectrographs
Draft version July 6, 2021 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX63 The California Legacy Survey I. A Catalog of 178 Planets from Precision Radial Velocity Monitoring of 719 Nearby Stars over Three Decades Lee J. Rosenthal,1 Benjamin J. Fulton,1, 2 Lea A. Hirsch,3 Howard T. Isaacson,4 Andrew W. Howard,1 Cayla M. Dedrick,5, 6 Ilya A. Sherstyuk,1 Sarah C. Blunt,1, 7 Erik A. Petigura,8 Heather A. Knutson,9 Aida Behmard,9, 7 Ashley Chontos,10, 7 Justin R. Crepp,11 Ian J. M. Crossfield,12 Paul A. Dalba,13, 14 Debra A. Fischer,15 Gregory W. Henry,16 Stephen R. Kane,13 Molly Kosiarek,17, 7 Geoffrey W. Marcy,1, 7 Ryan A. Rubenzahl,1, 7 Lauren M. Weiss,10 and Jason T. Wright18, 19, 20 1Cahill Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 2IPAC-NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 3Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA 4Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 5Cahill Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 6Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802, USA 7NSF Graduate Research Fellow 8Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA 9Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 10Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai`i, -
Extra-Solar Planetary Systems
From the Academy Extra-solar planetary systems Joan Najita*†, Willy Benz‡, and Artie Hatzes§ *National Optical Astronomy Observatories, 950 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719; ‡Physikalisches Institut, Universita¨t Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, Ch-3012, Bern, Switzerland; and §McDonald Observatory, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712 he discovery of extra-solar planets has captured the imagi- Table 1. Properties of extra-solar planet candidates Tnation and interest of the public and scientific communities K, alike, and for the same reasons: we are all want to know the Parent star M sin i Period, days a,AU e m⅐sϪ1 answers to questions such as ‘‘Where do we come from?’’ and ‘‘Are we alone?’’ Throughout this century, popular culture has HD 187123 0.52 3.097 0.042 0. 72. presumed the existence of other worlds and extra-terrestrial Bootis 3.64 3.3126 0.042 0. 469. intelligence. As a result, the annals of popular culture are filled HD 75289 0.42 3.5097 0.046 0. 54. with thoughts on what extra-solar planets and their inhabitants 51 Peg 0.44 4.2308 0.051 0.01 56. are like. And now toward the end of the century, astronomers And b 0.71 4.617 0.059 0.034 73.0 have managed to confirm at least one aspect of this speculative HD 217107 1.28 7.11 0.07 0.14 140. search for understanding in finding convincing evidence of Gliese 86 3.6 15.83 0.11 0.042 379. planets beyond the solar system. 1 Cancri 0.85 14.656 0.12 0.03 75.8 The discovery of extra-solar planets has brought with it a HD 195019 3.43 18.3 0.14 0.05 268. -
Exoplanet.Eu Catalog Page 1 # Name Mass Star Name
exoplanet.eu_catalog # name mass star_name star_distance star_mass OGLE-2016-BLG-1469L b 13.6 OGLE-2016-BLG-1469L 4500.0 0.048 11 Com b 19.4 11 Com 110.6 2.7 11 Oph b 21 11 Oph 145.0 0.0162 11 UMi b 10.5 11 UMi 119.5 1.8 14 And b 5.33 14 And 76.4 2.2 14 Her b 4.64 14 Her 18.1 0.9 16 Cyg B b 1.68 16 Cyg B 21.4 1.01 18 Del b 10.3 18 Del 73.1 2.3 1RXS 1609 b 14 1RXS1609 145.0 0.73 1SWASP J1407 b 20 1SWASP J1407 133.0 0.9 24 Sex b 1.99 24 Sex 74.8 1.54 24 Sex c 0.86 24 Sex 74.8 1.54 2M 0103-55 (AB) b 13 2M 0103-55 (AB) 47.2 0.4 2M 0122-24 b 20 2M 0122-24 36.0 0.4 2M 0219-39 b 13.9 2M 0219-39 39.4 0.11 2M 0441+23 b 7.5 2M 0441+23 140.0 0.02 2M 0746+20 b 30 2M 0746+20 12.2 0.12 2M 1207-39 24 2M 1207-39 52.4 0.025 2M 1207-39 b 4 2M 1207-39 52.4 0.025 2M 1938+46 b 1.9 2M 1938+46 0.6 2M 2140+16 b 20 2M 2140+16 25.0 0.08 2M 2206-20 b 30 2M 2206-20 26.7 0.13 2M 2236+4751 b 12.5 2M 2236+4751 63.0 0.6 2M J2126-81 b 13.3 TYC 9486-927-1 24.8 0.4 2MASS J11193254 AB 3.7 2MASS J11193254 AB 2MASS J1450-7841 A 40 2MASS J1450-7841 A 75.0 0.04 2MASS J1450-7841 B 40 2MASS J1450-7841 B 75.0 0.04 2MASS J2250+2325 b 30 2MASS J2250+2325 41.5 30 Ari B b 9.88 30 Ari B 39.4 1.22 38 Vir b 4.51 38 Vir 1.18 4 Uma b 7.1 4 Uma 78.5 1.234 42 Dra b 3.88 42 Dra 97.3 0.98 47 Uma b 2.53 47 Uma 14.0 1.03 47 Uma c 0.54 47 Uma 14.0 1.03 47 Uma d 1.64 47 Uma 14.0 1.03 51 Eri b 9.1 51 Eri 29.4 1.75 51 Peg b 0.47 51 Peg 14.7 1.11 55 Cnc b 0.84 55 Cnc 12.3 0.905 55 Cnc c 0.1784 55 Cnc 12.3 0.905 55 Cnc d 3.86 55 Cnc 12.3 0.905 55 Cnc e 0.02547 55 Cnc 12.3 0.905 55 Cnc f 0.1479 55 -
Simulating (Sub)Millimeter Observations of Exoplanet Atmospheres in Search of Water
University of Groningen Kapteyn Astronomical Institute Simulating (Sub)Millimeter Observations of Exoplanet Atmospheres in Search of Water September 5, 2018 Author: N.O. Oberg Supervisor: Prof. Dr. F.F.S. van der Tak Abstract Context: Spectroscopic characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres is a field still in its in- fancy. The detection of molecular spectral features in the atmosphere of several hot-Jupiters and hot-Neptunes has led to the preliminary identification of atmospheric H2O. The Atacama Large Millimiter/Submillimeter Array is particularly well suited in the search for extraterrestrial water, considering its wavelength coverage, sensitivity, resolving power and spectral resolution. Aims: Our aim is to determine the detectability of various spectroscopic signatures of H2O in the (sub)millimeter by a range of current and future observatories and the suitability of (sub)millimeter astronomy for the detection and characterization of exoplanets. Methods: We have created an atmospheric modeling framework based on the HAPI radiative transfer code. We have generated planetary spectra in the (sub)millimeter regime, covering a wide variety of possible exoplanet properties and atmospheric compositions. We have set limits on the detectability of these spectral features and of the planets themselves with emphasis on ALMA. We estimate the capabilities required to study exoplanet atmospheres directly in the (sub)millimeter by using a custom sensitivity calculator. Results: Even trace abundances of atmospheric water vapor can cause high-contrast spectral ab- sorption features in (sub)millimeter transmission spectra of exoplanets, however stellar (sub) millime- ter brightness is insufficient for transit spectroscopy with modern instruments. Excess stellar (sub) millimeter emission due to activity is unlikely to significantly enhance the detectability of planets in transit except in select pre-main-sequence stars. -
The Search for Exomoons and the Characterization of Exoplanet Atmospheres
Corso di Laurea Specialistica in Astronomia e Astrofisica The search for exomoons and the characterization of exoplanet atmospheres Relatore interno : dott. Alessandro Melchiorri Relatore esterno : dott.ssa Giovanna Tinetti Candidato: Giammarco Campanella Anno Accademico 2008/2009 The search for exomoons and the characterization of exoplanet atmospheres Giammarco Campanella Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli studi di Roma “La Sapienza” Associate at Department of Physics & Astronomy University College London A thesis submitted for the MSc Degree in Astronomy and Astrophysics September 4th, 2009 Università degli Studi di Roma ―La Sapienza‖ Abstract THE SEARCH FOR EXOMOONS AND THE CHARACTERIZATION OF EXOPLANET ATMOSPHERES by Giammarco Campanella Since planets were first discovered outside our own Solar System in 1992 (around a pulsar) and in 1995 (around a main sequence star), extrasolar planet studies have become one of the most dynamic research fields in astronomy. Our knowledge of extrasolar planets has grown exponentially, from our understanding of their formation and evolution to the development of different methods to detect them. Now that more than 370 exoplanets have been discovered, focus has moved from finding planets to characterise these alien worlds. As well as detecting the atmospheres of these exoplanets, part of the characterisation process undoubtedly involves the search for extrasolar moons. The structure of the thesis is as follows. In Chapter 1 an historical background is provided and some general aspects about ongoing situation in the research field of extrasolar planets are shown. In Chapter 2, various detection techniques such as radial velocity, microlensing, astrometry, circumstellar disks, pulsar timing and magnetospheric emission are described. A special emphasis is given to the transit photometry technique and to the two already operational transit space missions, CoRoT and Kepler. -
What Can the Dispersed Matter Planet Project Do for ARIEL?
What can the Dispersed Matter Planet Project do for ARIEL? Carole Haswell, The Open University Principal Collaborators: Dan Staab, John Barnes, Luca Fossati, MarK Jones, GuilleM Angelada-Escude, JaMes Doherty, Joe Cooper, JaMes Jenkins Outline • motivation: WASP-12: stellar activity masked by planetary mass loss new way to select host stars of ablating planets • Dispersed Matter Planet Project (DMPP) Search for Them among BRIGHT NEARBY STARS! Very efficient RV planet search 39 initial targets, good success rate • First discoveries DMPP-1, DMPP-2, DMPP-3 … • Characterisation of DMPP planets mass-radius-composition relationships, exogeology • DMPP systems good for characterisation even if not transiting… Activity: characterised by RHK Line core Emission strength Fossati, Ayres, Haswell, Bohlender, Kochukhov & Floer 2013, ApJLett Ca II H& K line cores Activity: characterised by RHK Line core emission quenched by diffuse gas Dan Staab PhD work Haswell, Staab, Barnes, Anglada-Escude, Fossati, Jenkins, Norton, Doherty, Cooper 2019, Nature Astronomy arXiv:1912.10874 Activity: characterised by RHK > 40% of close-in planet hosts: depressed CaII H&K OU-SALT survey Doherty, Haswell, Barnes, Staab, Fossati 2018, Poster Cool Stars 20; 2019 in prep Staab, Haswell, Smith, Fossati, Barnes, Busuttil, Jenkins, MNRAS, 2017, 466, 738 Absorbing gas constrained to orbital plane? Haswell, Fossati, Ayres, France, Froning et al 2012, ApJ, 760, 79 Mass-losing Close-in planets e.g. Kepler 1520b have HUGE sCale-heights KIC 1255b aka Kepler 1520b: • DeteCted by transiting