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Review of the Genus Defilippia Lioy (Bombyliidae, Diptera) from Egypt, with Description of a New Species, New Combinations, and a Neotype Designation for D

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Review of the Genus Defilippia Lioy (Bombyliidae, Diptera) from Egypt, with Description of a New Species, New Combinations, and a Neotype Designation for D Zootaxa 4170 (1): 149–158 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4170.1.8 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:03FABDB0-5135-4F72-BC25-7E76E49CDCC0 Review of the genus Defilippia Lioy (Bombyliidae, Diptera) from Egypt, with description of a new species, new combinations, and a neotype designation for D. pharaonis (Paramonov, 1928) MAGDI S. EL-HAWAGRY Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt. E-mail addresses: [email protected] Abstract In the present study, five Defilippia species are shown to be represented in Egypt. Two species, D. efflatouni (Bezzi) and D. minos (Meigen), were already included in Defilippia; two species, D. decrepita (Wiedemann), comb. nov., and D. pharaonis (Paramonov), comb. nov., are newly combined to Defilippia; and a new species, D. elbayensis, sp. nov., is de- scribed herein. Homeotypes of Exoprosopa flava Paramonov, 1928 and Defilippia decrepita (Wiedemann, 1828), comb. nov. have been examined and it was found that the two species are not synonymous and Exoprosopa flava Paramonov, 1928, stat. rev. is rather a distinct valid species in its original genus Exoprosopa. A neotype for D. pharaonis (Paramonov, 1928) is designated. Key words: Exoprosopa, Exoprosopinae, bee flies, taxonomy, Defilippia elbayensis, sp. nov., Exoprosopa flava stat. rev. Introduction The genus Exoprosopa was described by Macquart (1840) for 41 bee fly species. Over the next hundred years, many species were included in the genus, and the number of species grew. Greathead (2001) and Greathead & Evenhuis (2001) confirmed the paraphyly of Exoprosopa, and suggested that the majority of African species should be transferred to other genera. Bezzi (1924) thought that dividing the genus Exoprosopa (sens. lat.) into smaller groups was necessary based mainly on venational characters. He applied these characters and others of subordinate values to about 150 Palaearctic and Ethiopian species and keyed 11 subgenera of the genus Exoprosopa (sens. lat.) including Defilippia, namely: Acrodisca Bezzi, Argyrospila Rondani, Cladodisca Bezzi, Defilippia Lioy, Exoprosopa Macquart, Exoptata Coquillett, Heteralonia Rondani, Mesoclis Bezzi, Metapenta Bezzi, Pterobates Bezzi, and Trinaria Mulsant. Bezzi (1924), and subsequently Hesse (1956) characterized the subgenus Defilippia by the following combination of venational and wing characters: marginal cell simple; wings devoid of eye-like spots; discoidal cell without apical projecting angle below, and if sometimes dilated, dilatation rounded, not angular, and at any rate devoid of appendix; vein between discoidal and second posterior cells long, deeply and regularly much or very distinctly S-shaped, and in same line with longitudinal axes of wing, or nearly so; wings never dimidiate; discoidal cell narrow and long, not expanded above or below before distal extremity; 1st posterior cell usually open, or, if closed, terminating in a narrow apex and with a short stalk; hind tibiae with long and stout spicules; basal half of wings neither yellow nor margined with brown. Defilippia, which was treated as a subgenus by Bezzi (1924), was originally established by Lioy (1864) and subsequently raised to full generic status by Griffini (1896). Bezzi (1924) treated many not entirely homogeneous Palaearctic species in the subgenus Defilippia, and the subgenus showed great variations in wing-pattern. Subsequently both Paramonov (1928) and Engel (1937), however, sunk this subgenus entirely under Exoprosopa (Hesse 1956). Lambkin et al. (2003) performed a morphologically-based cladistic analysis of 78 bombyliid taxa to determine the relationships of the Australian exoprosopines and to compare with a few other exoprosopine genera (but not all) in other parts of the world. They clarified the phylogenetic relationships between the recognized groups of the Accepted by C. Lamas: 10 Aug. 2016; published: 22 Sept. 2016 149 Exoprosopini and determined the validity of generic limits. Their cladistic analysis of 207 morphological characters for the 78 taxa in Exoprosopini defined six groups. One of these groups was monophyletic and formed of eight species that were previously treated in the genus Exoprosopa including E. minos (Meigen), the type of Defilippia Lioy, 1864, so, they applied the name Defilippia to this group. The eight species were: D. busiris (Jaennicke), D. efflatouni (Bezzi), D. eritreae (Greathead), D. gentilis (Bezzi), D. luteicosta (Bezzi), D. minos (Meigen), D. nigrifimbriata (Hesse), and D. rubescens (Bezzi). According to the Lambkin et al. (2003) study, the genus Defilippia was characterized as having: the indentation at the posterior margin of the eye being less than twice the length of the ocellar triangle; distinctly pectinate macrochaetae forming the collar, on the anepisternum, laterotergites, and laterally on abdominal tergite 1; dense white scales on the katepisternum; and dark abdomen with contrasting white bands and hyaline to dimidiately infuscated wings; the male epiphallus is long, expanded apically, and lacks lateral lobes, and lateral and medial projections; the female tergite 8 dorsal apodeme is short, indented medially and has linear, internally directed strengthening; spermathecal reservoirs are longer than wide, have a clear ring or collar at the junction of the round basal bulb and reservoir, and often a tapered apical extension. In the present study, the characters in Lambkin et al. (2003) have been applied to the Egyptian species of Exoprosopa (sens. lat.). Five Defilippia spp. have been determined to be represented in Egypt, two of which were treated in Lambkin et al. (2003) analysis: D. efflatouni (Bezzi) and D. minos (Meigen), two species are newly combined to Defilippia: D. decrepita (Wiedemann), comb. nov., and D. pharaonis (Paramonov), comb. nov., in addition to a new species described herein: D. elbayensis, sp. nov. This new species was proposed in an unpublished manuscript that was written by the Egyptian dipterist, late Efflatoun Bey (who died in 1957). Material and methods Museum specimens in two of the main Egyptian collections were examined, namely: Collection of Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University (Efflatoun’s collection) (EFC) and Collection of Entomological Society of Egypt (ESEC); in addition to specimens collected by the author from different localities in Egypt and deposited in EFC. Details, including all synonyms, type depositories and type localities were matched to that provided by Evenhuis & Greathead (2015) and El-Hawagry (2015). The genitalia were prepared by dissecting the terminal abdominal segments of flies and then heating in 10% KOH for 20 minutes. Following maceration, the specimen was washed, and then dissected in distilled water. Specimens were stored in glycerin for microscopic examination and illustration. Dissected parts from a specimen were placed in a genitalia vial containing glycerin, pinned beneath the identification label. Images were made using a Leica MZ 125 stereo-binocular microscope (Leica Microsystems Ltd, St. Gallen, Switzerland) fitted with a digital camera (Q-imaging Micro Publisher 5.0 RTV; Zerene Systems LLC, Richland, Washington, USA. Stacked focus imaging was performed by Zerene stacker program version 1.04. The morphological terminology of Greathead & Evenhuis (2001) and McAlpine (1981) is used throughout. Museum abbreviations BMNH The Natural History Museum, London, UK EFC Collection of Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt (Efflatoun’s collection) ESEC Collection of Entomological Society of Egypt MNHN Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France MSNM Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milan, Italy NMW Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria ZMHB Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany Types Abbreviations H holotype Ssyntype(s) T type (status not ascertained) 150 · Zootaxa 4170 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press EL-HAWAGRY Zoogeographical realms abbreviations AF Afrotropical Realm OR Oriental Realm PA Palaearctic Realm Results and discussion Genus Defilippia Lioy Defilippia Lioy, 1864: 733.—Griffini 1896: 42; Bezzi 1924: 251; Hesse 1956: 767; Hull 1973: 413; Bowden 1980: 415; Evenhuis 1991: 34; Lambkin et al. 2003: 866; Evenhuis & Greathead 2015: 360. Type species: Anthrax minos Meigen, 1804 (by subsequent designation of Griffini, 1896: 42). Identification key to Egyptian species of the genus Defilippia Lioy 1. Three black prealar bristles apparently present. 2 - Prealar bristles absent, if present, yellow or buff, weak, almost indistinguishable from thoracic hair . 4 2. 2nd flagellomere length less than 1/2 width of broad base of 1st flagellomere (Fig. 9); wing with dark brown basal infuscation, extending along anterior border to tip of R1 (Fig. 8); large species, more than 14 mm; abdomen broad with a conspicuous white band of scales covering the basal half of second tergite contrasting with a black one on the apical half, other tergites clothed with yellowish-white, black and ochreous scales usually forming characteristic transverse bands (Fig. 8) . D. elbayensis sp. nov. - 2nd flagellomere about as long as width of the broad base of 1st flagellomere or slightly longer; medium sized to large species; abdomen more or less parallel sided, wing pattern and vestiture not as above. 3 3. Wings entirely hyaline, with at most a faint yellowish infuscation at base and along anterior border; abdomen
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