Review of the Genus Defilippia Lioy (Bombyliidae, Diptera) from Egypt, with Description of a New Species, New Combinations, and a Neotype Designation for D

Zootaxa 4170 (1): 149–158 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4170.1.8 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:03FABDB0-5135-4F72-BC25-7E76E49CDCC0 Review of the genus Defilippia Lioy (Bombyliidae, Diptera) from Egypt, with description of a new species, new combinations, and a neotype designation for D. pharaonis (Paramonov, 1928)

MAGDI S. EL-HAWAGRY Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt. E-mail addresses: [email protected]

Abstract

In the present study, five Defilippia species are shown to be represented in Egypt. Two species, D. efflatouni (Bezzi) and D. minos (Meigen), were already included in Defilippia; two species, D. decrepita (Wiedemann), comb. nov., and D. pharaonis (Paramonov), comb. nov., are newly combined to Defilippia; and a new species, D. elbayensis, sp. nov., is described herein. Homeotypes of Exoprosopa flava Paramonov, 1928 and Defilippia decrepita (Wiedemann, 1828), comb. nov. have been examined and it was found that the two species are not synonymous and Exoprosopa flava Paramonov, 1928, stat. rev. is rather a distinct valid species in its original genus Exoprosopa. A neotype for D. pharaonis (Paramonov, 1928) is designated.

Key words: Exoprosopa, Exoprosopinae, bee flies, taxonomy, Defilippia elbayensis, sp. nov., Exoprosopa flava stat. rev.

Introduction

The genus Exoprosopa was described by Macquart (1840) for 41 bee fly species. Over the next hundred years, many species were included in the genus, and the number of species grew. Greathead (2001) and Greathead & Evenhuis (2001) confirmed the paraphyly of Exoprosopa, and suggested that the majority of African species should be transferred to other genera. Bezzi (1924) thought that dividing the genus Exoprosopa (sens. lat.) into smaller groups was necessary based mainly on venational characters. He applied these characters and others of subordinate values to about 150 Palaearctic and Ethiopian species and keyed 11 subgenera of the genus Exoprosopa (sens. lat.) including Defilippia, namely: Acrodisca Bezzi, Argyrospila Rondani, Cladodisca Bezzi, Defilippia Lioy, Exoprosopa Macquart, Exoptata Coquillett, Heteralonia Rondani, Mesoclis Bezzi, Metapenta Bezzi, Pterobates Bezzi, and Trinaria Mulsant. Bezzi (1924), and subsequently Hesse (1956) characterized the subgenus Defilippia by the following combination of venational and wing characters: marginal cell simple; wings devoid of eye-like spots; discoidal cell without apical projecting angle below, and if sometimes dilated, dilatation rounded, not angular, and at any rate devoid of appendix; vein between discoidal and second posterior cells long, deeply and regularly much or very distinctly S-shaped, and in same line with longitudinal axes of wing, or nearly so; wings never dimidiate; discoidal cell narrow and long, not expanded above or below before distal extremity; 1st posterior cell usually open, or, if closed, terminating in a narrow apex and with a short stalk; hind tibiae with long and stout spicules; basal half of wings neither yellow nor margined with brown. Defilippia, which was treated as a subgenus by Bezzi (1924), was originally established by Lioy (1864) and subsequently raised to full generic status by Griffini (1896). Bezzi (1924) treated many not entirely homogeneous Palaearctic species in the subgenus Defilippia, and the subgenus showed great variations in wing-pattern. Subsequently both Paramonov (1928) and Engel (1937), however, sunk this subgenus entirely under Exoprosopa (Hesse 1956). Lambkin et al. (2003) performed a morphologically-based cladistic analysis of 78 bombyliid taxa to determine the relationships of the Australian exoprosopines and to compare with a few other exoprosopine genera (but not all) in other parts of the world. They clarified the phylogenetic relationships between the recognized groups of the

Accepted by C. Lamas: 10 Aug. 2016; published: 22 Sept. 2016 149 Exoprosopini and determined the validity of generic limits. Their cladistic analysis of 207 morphological characters for the 78 taxa in Exoprosopini defined six groups. One of these groups was monophyletic and formed of eight species that were previously treated in the genus Exoprosopa including E. minos (Meigen), the type of Defilippia Lioy, 1864, so, they applied the name Defilippia to this group. The eight species were: D. busiris (Jaennicke), D. efflatouni (Bezzi), D. eritreae (Greathead), D. gentilis (Bezzi), D. luteicosta (Bezzi), D. minos (Meigen), D. nigrifimbriata (Hesse), and D. rubescens (Bezzi). According to the Lambkin et al. (2003) study, the genus Defilippia was characterized as having: the indentation at the posterior margin of the eye being less than twice the length of the ocellar triangle; distinctly pectinate macrochaetae forming the collar, on the anepisternum, laterotergites, and laterally on abdominal tergite 1; dense white scales on the katepisternum; and dark abdomen with contrasting white bands and hyaline to dimidiately infuscated wings; the male epiphallus is long, expanded apically, and lacks lateral lobes, and lateral and medial projections; the female tergite 8 dorsal apodeme is short, indented medially and has linear, internally directed strengthening; spermathecal reservoirs are longer than wide, have a clear ring or collar at the junction of the round basal bulb and reservoir, and often a tapered apical extension. In the present study, the characters in Lambkin et al. (2003) have been applied to the Egyptian species of Exoprosopa (sens. lat.). Five Defilippia spp. have been determined to be represented in Egypt, two of which were treated in Lambkin et al. (2003) analysis: D. efflatouni (Bezzi) and D. minos (Meigen), two species are newly combined to Defilippia: D. decrepita (Wiedemann), comb. nov., and D. pharaonis (Paramonov), comb. nov., in addition to a new species described herein: D. elbayensis, sp. nov. This new species was proposed in an unpublished manuscript that was written by the Egyptian dipterist, late Efflatoun Bey (who died in 1957).

Material and methods

Museum specimens in two of the main Egyptian collections were examined, namely: Collection of Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University (Efflatoun’s collection) (EFC) and Collection of Entomological Society of Egypt (ESEC); in addition to specimens collected by the author from different localities in Egypt and deposited in EFC. Details, including all synonyms, type depositories and type localities were matched to that provided by Evenhuis & Greathead (2015) and El-Hawagry (2015). The genitalia were prepared by dissecting the terminal abdominal segments of flies and then heating in 10% KOH for 20 minutes. Following maceration, the specimen was washed, and then dissected in distilled water. Specimens were stored in glycerin for microscopic examination and illustration. Dissected parts from a specimen were placed in a genitalia vial containing glycerin, pinned beneath the identification label. Images were made using a Leica MZ 125 stereo-binocular microscope (Leica Microsystems Ltd, St. Gallen, Switzerland) fitted with a digital camera (Q-imaging Micro Publisher 5.0 RTV; Zerene Systems LLC, Richland, Washington, USA. Stacked focus imaging was performed by Zerene stacker program version 1.04. The morphological terminology of Greathead & Evenhuis (2001) and McAlpine (1981) is used throughout.

Museum abbreviations

BMNH The Natural History Museum, London, UK EFC Collection of Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt (Efflatoun’s collection) ESEC Collection of Entomological Society of Egypt MNHN Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France MSNM Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milan, Italy NMW Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria ZMHB Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany

Types Abbreviations

H holotype Ssyntype(s) T type (status not ascertained)

Results and discussion

Genus Defilippia Lioy

Defilippia Lioy, 1864: 733.—Griffini 1896: 42; Bezzi 1924: 251; Hesse 1956: 767; Hull 1973: 413; Bowden 1980: 415; Evenhuis 1991: 34; Lambkin et al. 2003: 866; Evenhuis & Greathead 2015: 360. Type species: Anthrax minos Meigen, 1804 (by subsequent designation of Griffini, 1896: 42).

Identification key to Egyptian species of the genus Defilippia Lioy

1. Three black prealar bristles apparently present...... 2 - Prealar bristles absent, if present, yellow or buff, weak, almost indistinguishable from thoracic hair ...... 4 2. 2nd flagellomere length less than 1/2 width of broad base of 1st flagellomere (Fig. 9); wing with dark brown basal infuscation,

extending along anterior border to tip of R1 (Fig. 8); large species, more than 14 mm; abdomen broad with a conspicuous white band of scales covering the basal half of second tergite contrasting with a black one on the apical half, other tergites clothed with yellowish-white, black and ochreous scales usually forming characteristic transverse bands (Fig. 8) ...... D. elbayensis sp. nov. - 2nd flagellomere about as long as width of the broad base of 1st flagellomere or slightly longer; medium sized to large species; abdomen more or less parallel sided, wing pattern and vestiture not as above...... 3 3. Wings entirely hyaline, with at most a faint yellowish infuscation at base and along anterior border; abdomen with white scales only, some may be yellowish, forming dense white transverse bands covering the basal halves of tergites; large species, more than 13 mm ...... D. pharaonis (Paramonov) comb. nov. - Wings with more extensive brownish infuscation at base and along anterior border; abdomen banded with whitish to pale buff scales and hairs contrasting with bands of black scales, latter not reaching lower outer angles of tergites; comparatively smaller species, 10–11 mm ...... D. minos (Meigen) 4. Medium to large sized flies, up to 12 mm; scales on frons and face yellowish white; thorax with 3 longitudinal stripes of silvery white scales; 2nd flagellomere about as long as width of the broad base of 1st flagellomere or slightly longer ...... D. efflatouni (Bezzi) - Small to medium sized flies, less than 7 mm; scales on frons and face silvery white; 2nd flagellomere very short, its length less than 1/3 width of broad base of 1st flagellomere ...... D. decrepita (Wiedemann) comb. nov.

Defilippia decrepita (Wiedemann, 1828) comb. nov. (Figs 1–3)

Anthrax decrepita Wiedemann, 1828: 564. Type locality: Egypt or Sudan [as “Nubien” (Evenhuis & Greathead 2015: 372)]. Exoprosopa albifacies Paramonov, 1928: 205(27). Type locality: Egypt [3S (destroyed) in ESEC]. Exoprosopa aegyptiaca Paramonov, 1928: 205(27). Type locality: Egypt [2S (destroyed) in ESEC]. Exoprosopa verna Greathead, 1970: 115. Type locality: Chad [H in BMNH].

Distribution. AF: Chad, Egypt [as ”Gebel Elba”], Senegal, Sudan. PA: Egypt, Israel, Saudi Arabia. Egyptian localities. Lower Nile Valley: Barrage, Borgash, Kafr Hakim, Kirdassa, Mansouriah; Eastern Desert: Ismailia, Kassassein, Wadi Digla, Wadi Garawi, Wadi Hoff, Wadi Um?Elik; Western Desert: Dahshour; Gebel Elba. Dates of collection. March to September. Material examined. Specimens labeled as homeotypes (compared with types of E. albifacies and E. aegyptiaca by Dr E.O. Engel and/or Prof. Efflatoun Bey) include the following: 1 ♂, Barrage, 11.vi. 1929 (Tewfik); 1 ♂, Borgash, 19.viii.1924 (R.M); 1 ♀, same except 7.ix.1924 (Shafik); 1 ♂, Dahshour, 20.viii.1950 (Shafik & Str.); 1 ♂, Kerdasa, 20.v.1925 (R.M); 1 ♀, Ismailia, 14.ix.1925 (Tewfik); 1 ♀, same except 29.vii.1925 (Tewfik); 1 ♂ & 1 ♀, W. Rishrash, 12–17.vi.1932 (Tewfik); deposited in EFC.

REVIEW OF DEFILIPPIA FROM EGYPT Zootaxa 4170 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press · 151 FIGURES 1–7. Male & female genitalia: 1–3. Defilippia decrepit. 1. male genitalia dorsal; 2. furca; 3. spermathecal complex; 4–7. Defilippia efflatouni: 4. male genitalia dorsal; 5. male genitalia lateral; 6. furca; 7. spermathecal complex.

Other material examined. 1 ♀, Kharga, 7.xi.1997 (El-Hawagry); deposited in EFC. Diagnosis. Small to medium sized flies, usually less than 7 mm; 2nd flagellomere very short, its length less than 1/3 width of the broad base of 1st flagellomere; transversely banded with pure white and ochreous scales on head, thorax and abdominal tergites, especially on 2nd, 3rd and 6th tergites; the pure white band on 3rd abdominal tergite is more distinct and broad, almost occupying half of the tergite length; blackish scales rarely present medially on the basal edge of tergites 2–4; katepisternum covered with dense white scales; collar, anepisternum, laterotergite, and sides of abdominal tergite 1 with distinctly pectinate macrochaetae; wings hyaline with faint yellowish tinge along anterior border and base; cell r5 slightly widened apically; prealar bristles buff, weak, almost indistinguishable from thoracic hairs; gonocoxa narrowed apically; gonostylus broad at base, with a long apical part, directed dorsally; epiphallus long, slightly exceeding apex of gonocoxa posteriorly, smoothly expanded apically, strongly convex apically when shown in dorsal view (Fig. 1); spermatheca (Fig. 3) with reservoir thick walled, sclerotized, elongated, basal bulb small, rounded, not sclerotized, with a slightly sclerotized basal tube longer than reservoir. Remarks. Exoprosopa flava Paramonov, 1928 was synonymised by Engel (1937) with Exoprosopa decrepita (Wiedemann, 1828). Syntypes of the former in ESEC have been examined and compared with homeotypes of the latter in EFC that were identified and compared with Wiedemann’s types by Dr E.O. Engel and Prof. Efflatoun Bey. The generic characters adopted by Lambkin et al. (2003) were applied. It was found that the two species are not synonymous and Exoprosopa flava is a distinct valid species in its original genus Exoprosopa. The taxonomic treatment of the two species should be thus: Exoprosopa flava Paramonov, 1928 stat. rev. and Defilippia decrepita (Wiedemann, 1828) comb. nov.

Exoprosopa efflatouni Bezzi, 1925: 240. Type locality: Egypt (Marg, Wadi Hoff) [2S (destroyed) in ESEC; 1S in MSNM]. Exoprosopa dulcis Austen, 1936: 199. Type locality: Pakistan (Quetta) [3S in BMNH].

Distribution. AF: Eritrea, Mali, Sudan, Yemen. OR: India (Maharashtra), Pakistan. PA: Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Israel, Saudi Arabia. Egyptian localities. Lower Nile Valley: Marg; Sinai: El?Arish, Ein Gedeirat, Gebel Moussa, Rafah; Eastern Desert: Wadies south east of Cairo. Dates of collection. May to August. Material examined. Specimens labeled as homeotypes (compared with types of E. efflatouni by Prof. Efflatoun Bey) include the following: 2 ♂, Arish [W. El Daiqa], 25.viii.1951 (Shafik); 1 ♀, Ein Gehayer (Serbal, South Sinai), 26.v.1997 (El-Hawagry);1 ♀ Farsh Gabal Moussa, 26.vi.1936 (H.C.E); 1 ♀, Fayoum, 15.viii.1946 (Shafik); 1 ♀, Fayoum [Tamiya], 15.v.1950 (Shafik & Str.); 1 ♂, Wadi Digla, 20.vi.1927 (Tewfik); 1 ♀, W. Gedeirat, 15.vi.1934 (Sh. M.); 1 ♂, Wadi Hoff, 9.vi.1927 (Tewfik); 2 ♀, W. Rishrash, 12–17.vi.1932 (Tewfik); deposited in EFC. Other material examined. 1 ♂, Fayoum [Kom Osheem], 1.v.1995 (El-Hawagry); deposited in EFC. Diagnosis. Medium to large sized flies, up to 12 mm; face conically produced, acute; scales on frons and face yellowish white; collar, anepisternum, laterotergite, and sides of abdominal tergite 1 with distinctly pectinate macrochaetae; katepisternum covered with dense white scales; thorax with 3 longitudinal stripes of silvery white scales; 2nd flagellomere about as long as width of the broad base of 1st flagellomere or slightly longer; wing hyaline with a feeble brownish tinge and with a more or less conspicuous suffused brownish yellow area at the base and extending obliquely to tip of R1; cell r5 slightly narrowed apically; prealar bristles buff, weak, almost indistinguishable from buff thoracic bristles and hairs; abdominal integument mostly reddish brown, especially at sides and posterior margins of tergites; scales on abdomen at most uniformly yellowish white, posterior margins of tergites 3–6 sometimes with pale brownish scales forming faint bands not reaching sides; aedeagus long, slightly shorter than the epiphallus; epiphallus expanded apically; ejaculatory apodeme exceptionally short as in Heteralonia spp.; gonocoxa with tapered thick thorn-like process subapically inside to apical extensions (Figs 4, 5); spermatheca with reservoir sclerotized, elongated, slightly narrowed medially, basal bulb exceptionally reduced with slightly sclerotized basal tube longer than reservoir (Fig. 7).

Defilippia elbayensis sp. nov. (Figs 8–14)

Description. Male (Holotype) (Fig. 8). Large species, body length: 14–16 mm, wing length: 12–14 mm. Head. Black in ground colour except the oral margin brownish yellow. Frons with erect black hairs, glossy yellowish scales very sparse on upper part in front of ocellar tubercle and increasing in number downwardly. Face conically produced but blunt or obtuse, with shining yellowish hairs especially at sides and at oral margin, mixed with sparse few black ones especially at middle, densely covered with glossy yellowish scales. Occiput with glossy whitish yellow scales and minute pubescence. Antennae (Fig. 9) with scape and pedicel black with short erect black hairs; pedicel sometimes slightly reddish brown apically; flagellum black to dark reddish brown, almost twice the length of scape and pedicel together; 2nd flagellomere stumpy, reddish brown, its length less than 1/2 width of broad base of 1st flagellomere. Thorax. Scutum black in ground colour. Scutellum predominantly brownish yellow to reddish brown, blackish at base. Long erect macrochaetae on collar, anepisternum and laterotergite distinctly pectinate, buff or ochreous orange; katepisternum covered with dense white scales. Vestiture on scutum and scutellum consists of sparse yellowish scaly hairs and very short hairs, which on scutum are paler, forming three ill-defined longitudinal stripes, more numerous and longer at sides of scutum and margins of scutellum. Bristles well developed, black. Wing (Fig. 8). Hyaline with dark brown basal infuscation, extending along anterior border to tip of R1; R5 open at wing margin, slightly narrowed apically; alula and squama well developed, fringed with yellowish brown scales, plumula and tympanal ridge hairs ochreous-buff or antimony yellow. Haltere covered with dark

REVIEW OF DEFILIPPIA FROM EGYPT Zootaxa 4170 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press · 153 FIGURES 8–14. Defilippia elbayensis sp. nov. 8. holotype habitus, dorsal view; 9. holotype antenna; 10. gonocoxae, ventral; 11. gonocoxae, dorsal; 12. gonocoxa, lateral, with gonostylus; 13. aedeagal complex, dorsal; 14. aedeagal complex, lateral. reddish brown scales, with light buff knob. Legs entirely black with sparse grayish scales on dorsal side of posterior tibia, all spines and bristles black, claws black, reddish brown at base, with blackish minute pointed basal tooth. Abdomen. Broad, black in ground colour, with more or less broad reddish yellow to yellowish brown colourations on posterior and lateral margins of tergites and sternites, latter colouration often more extensive on

154 · Zootaxa 4170 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press EL-HAWAGRY apical segments. Covered with conspicuous white band of scales covering basal half of second tergite contrasting with black one on apical half, latter with some reddish brown scales at sides; other tergites clothed with yellowish white, black and ochreous-buff scales usually forming characteristic transverse bands; yellowish white scales paler on sides of tergites 2–4; seventh tergite covered with reddish yellow pubescence. Male genitalia (Figs 10–14). Epandrium brownish yellow, with reddish yellow pubescence apically. Gonocoxa (Figs 10–12) slightly broad at middle, gradually narrowed at apical half, separated apically for only 1/5 their length, haired apically, gonocoxal apodeme and gonocoxal apical plate highly sclerotized; epiphallus (Figs 13–14) about twice as long as the aedeagus or slightly longer, tapered or angled apically in dorsal view; basiphallus large, highly sclerotized, rounded in dorsal view; apodeme developed. Female (Paratype). Very much like male. Genitalia reddish brown; tergite 10 with six pairs of thick glossy ochreous orange acanthophorite spines. Spermatheca could not be dissected according to the rules at ESEC. Material examined. Holotype. ♂, Gebel Elba (S. E. Desert), January 1930 (H. C. E. & M. T.), deposited in EFC. Paratypes. 1 ♂, same data as holotype; 1 ♂, Gebel Elba (W. Aideb), 30.i.1933 (H. C. E.); deposited in EFC. 1 ♀, Gebel Elba (S. E. Desert), January 1930 (H. C. E. & M. T.); 1 ♀, Gebel Elba (W. Aideb), 2.ii.1933 (H. C. E.); deposited in ESEC. Remarks. In 1945, the famed Egyptian taxonomist Efflatoun Bey, published a monumental study (Efflatoun, 1945) representing only the first half (Homeophthalmae) of his planned two-part monograph on the bee flies of Egypt. The second half (Tomophthalmae) lies written but unpublished because of his untimely death in 1957. Many new species were proposed and described in the unpublished manuscript, some of them are still valid (El- Hawagry & Greathead, 2006) including the species newly described herein. The name proposed by Efflatoun Bey for this species (elbayensis) is maintained here, but the description is shortened and revised. The late David Greathead examined two specimens of this species in 2003 and confirmed its validity and commented that this species is similar in general appearance and size to Exoprosopa eritreae Greathead, 1967. However, the vestiture on the 2nd abdominal tergite, wing infuscation, integument colour, and genitalia show significant differences (Greathead, 1967).

Defilippia minos (Meigen, 1804) (Figs 15–17)

Anthrax minos Meigen, 1804: 207. Type locality: France [4S in MNHN]. Anthrax semialba Pallas & Wiedemann in Wiedemann, 1818: 14. Type locality: Kazakhstan [as “In australioribus deserti caspici ad Irtin”] [T in NMW]. Nemotelus sideratus Pallas in Wiedemann, 1818: 14. Nomen nudum. Anthrax germari Wiedemann, 1818: 14. Nomen nudum. Nemotelus quadricinctus Pallas in Wiedemann, 1818: 14. Nomen nudum. Anthrax germari Wiedemann in Meigen, 1820: 175. Type locality: Croatia [as “Spalatro in Dalmatien] & Russia [as “Südrussland”] [10S in ZMHB; S in NMW]. Anthrax senilis Klug, 1832: pl. 30, fig. 10. Type locality: Syria [2S in ZMHB]. Exoprosopa albiventris Macquart, 1840: 39. Type locality: Greece (Chios [as "Scio"]) [3S in MNHN].

Distribution. PA: Algeria, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Croatia, Czech Republic, Egypt, France, Germany, Greece (incl. Chios, Rhodes), Gruzia, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Lebanon, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, Palestine (West Bank), Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. Egyptian localities. Common in all Egyptian zones except Gebel Elba. Dates of collection. April to August. Material examined. 1 ♂, Abu Rawash, 23.iv.1927 (R. M.); 1 ♀, Burg, 20.vi.1927 (Tewfik); 1 ♂ & 1 ♀, same except 8.vii.1934; 2 ♂, Ezbet El-Nakhl, 3.v.1943 (Shafik); 1 ♂, Helwan, 24.iv.1934 (Farag); 1 ♀, same except 28.iv. 193); 1 ♀, Kerdasa, 7.v.1927 (R. M.); 1 ♀, Mallaha [Mariout], 16.vi.1929 (Efflatoun); 1 ♀, W. El Grawi, 6.vi.1927 (Farag); deposited in EFC. Diagnosis. Medium to large sized flies, usually more than 10 mm; collar, anepisternum, laterotergite, and sides of abdominal tergite 1 with distinctly pectinate macrochaetae; katepisternum covered with dense white scales; 2nd flagellomere about as long as width of the broad base of 1st flagellomere or slightly longer; wing with extensive

REVIEW OF DEFILIPPIA FROM EGYPT Zootaxa 4170 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press · 155 brownish infuscation at base and along anterior border; abdomen banded with whitish to pale buff scales and hairs contrasting with bands of black scales, latter not reaching lower outer angles of tergites; abdomen more or less parallel sided; three black prealar bristles present; gonocoxa strongly narrowed apically; epiphallus (Fig. 15) long, about twice as long as aedeagus, distinctly convex apically and showing smooth concavity at extreme apical margin in dorsal view; sperm pump with apical endplate large with long processes; basal bulb rounded and sclerotised basally; reservoir slightly narrower than basal bulb, sclerotised apically with small tapered apical extension (Fig. 17).

FIGURES 15–19. Male & female genitalia: 15–17. Defilippia minos. 15. male genitalia, dorsal; 16. furca; 17. spermathecal complex; 18–19. Defilippia pharaonis. 18. furca; 19. spermathecal complex.

Exoprosopa pharaonis Paramonov, 1928: 260(82). Type locality: Egypt [3S (destroyed) in ESEC].

Distribution. AF: Egypt [as ”Gebel Elba”], Mali, Sudan. PA: Egypt, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia. Egyptian localities. Eastern Desert: Ismailia, Wadi Digla; Gebel Elba: Wadi Akwametri, Wadi Edeib. Dates of collection. March to August. Neotype designation. Syntypes of this species have been destroyed in ESEC. Fortunately, 4 female specimens labeled as homeotypes were compared with syntypes of Exoprosopa pharaonis Paramonov by late Prof. Efflatoun Bey and deposited in EFC. To clarify the taxonomic status of the species and for nomenclatural stability, the best preserved of these homeotypes is here designated a neotype. It was collected from the type locality of E. pharaonis, Wadi Akwamtri (Gebel Elba, South Eastern Desert) on 5.v.1929. Material examined. Neotype (here designated). ♀ W. Akwamtri, G. Elba, South Eastern Desert, 5.v.1929 (Tewfik). Other homeotypes compared with E. pharaonis by Prof. Efflatoun Bey. 2 ♀, same data as neotype; 1 ♀, Gebel Elba, South Eastern Desert, 15 March to the end of April 1928 (Tewfik); deposited in EFC. Diagnosis. Large flies, more than 13 mm; 2nd flagellomere about as long as width of the broad base of 1st flagellomere or slightly longer; frons and face with ochreous scales, becoming white at sides of face; collar, anepisternum, laterotergites, and sides of abdominal tergite 1 with distinctly pectinate macrochaetae; scales on thorax yellowish white, becoming ochreous at anterior parts of scutum and scutellum; katepisternum covered with dense white scales; wings hyaline with a feeble but distinct milky opaque, with at most a faint yellowish infuscation at base and along anterior border; three black prealar bristles apparently present; abdomen more or less parallel sided, with white scales only, some may be yellowish, forming dense white transverse bands covering the basal halves of tergites; the sperm pump with the apical endplate large with long processes; basal bulb rounded, thin walled; reservoir rounded similar to the basal bulb, thick walled without a tapered apical extension (Fig. 19).

Acknowledgements

Special appreciation is extended to Christine Lambkin, Queensland Museum, Queensland, Australia and Neal Evenhuis, Bishop Museum, Hawaii, USA for reviewing the manuscript. I am grateful to Babak Gharali, Research Centre for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Iran, for supplying me with some relevant papers. I am also indebted to Ahmed Shams Alola, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, KSA, for adjusting and processing the photos.

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