A Review of the Palaearctic Heliocheilus Translucens Felder

Zootaxa 3915 (2): 279–286 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3915.2.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:328D0F3D-9F37-4EF6-B0FF-98CE312B01C4 A review of the Palaearctic Heliocheilus translucens Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874 species-group with description of a new species from West Mongolia (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Heliothinae)

ANTON V. VOLYNKIN1, 4, DIETER STÜNING2 & ALEXEJ YU. MATOV3 1Altai State University, South Siberian Botanical Garden, Lenina str., 61, RF-656000, Barnaul, Russia; Tigirek State Natural Reserve, office 42, Nikitina str. 111, RF-656043, Barnaul, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D-53113 Bonn, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] 3Zoological Institute RAS, Universitetskaja emb. 1, RF-199034, Saint-Petersburg, Russia. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 4Corresponding author

Abstract

Three Palaearctic species of the Heliocheilus translucens species-group are reviewed. One new species, H. tengri Volynkin & Matov, sp. n. is described from West Mongolia, southwestern part of Mongolian Altai Mts. The adults, male and female genitalia are illustrated.

Key words: Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Heliothinae, Heliocheilus, new species, Asia, Mongolia, Tibet, Pacific region, Hi- malaya

Introduction

Heliocheilus Grote, 1865 is a cosmopolitan genus belonging to the noctuid subfamily Heliothinae Boisduval, [1828]. The genus belongs to the Heliothis genus-group, the systematics of the Palaearctic members of the genus was reviewed by Fibiger et al. (2009). The H. translucens species-group includes two described Palaearctic species. In the course of studies on Lepidoptera of the Altai mountain country (Volynkin 2012; Yakovlev 2012) a third, undescribed species of the species group was identified among material from the southern part of the Mongolian Altai. The present paper comprises the review of the H. translucens species-group and description of the new species.

Material and methods

Specimens for this study are held in the following collections: Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK, Bonn, Germany), Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ZISP, St.-Petersburg, Russia), Siberian Zoological Museum, Institute of Animal Systematic and Ecology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SZMN, Novosibirsk, Russia), Institute of Biology and Soil Science (IBSS, Vladivostok, Russia) and coll. Anton Volynkin (AVB, Barnaul, Russia). All material was examined using modern dissection standards for preparation of male and female genitalia of Lepidoptera. The depository of the types of the new species is stated in the paragraph 'Type material'.

Accepted by M. Pellinen: 12 Jan. 2015; published: 3 Feb. 2015 279 Systematic part

Genus Heliocheilus Grote, 1865

Heliocheilus Grote, 1865, Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia 4: 328 (Type-species: Heliocheilus paradoxus Grote, 1865. TL: [USA], Colorado terr.). Synonymy (cited after Fibiger et al. 2009): Hebdomochondra Staudinger, 1879; Curubasa Moore, 1881; Masalia Moore, 1881; Praddata Moore, 1881; Raghuva Moore, 1881; Rhodosea Grote, 1883; Canthylidia Butler, 1886; Lecerfia Dumont, 1920.

The H. translucens species-group

The species-group comprises three species, one of which is described below as new. All three species are Palaearctic and distributed distinctly allopatric, to our present knowledge. External morphology of adults. Medium-sized moths with well defined noctuid pattern. Males have swollen forewing costa and elliptical and elongate transparent hyaline areas devoid of scales in distal part of dilated area between R1 and R2 and in the cell. Females have somewhat broader forewings with not swollen costa and without hyaline areas. In H. translucens and H. tengri, head, thorax and forewing colouration varies within the species from pale greyish-brown or olive-brown to orange- or reddish-brown. The third species, H. fervens, has more monotonous, shiny brownish-orange head, thorax and forewing colouration. In the male genitalia, uncus long and narrow, somewhat extended in medial part; tegumen moderately long; penicular lobes wide, weak; juxta wide, shield-like; vinculum short, weak, V-shaped. Valva elongate, narrow, slightly curved and extended apically; corona presented; sacculus weak, narrow, short. Aedeagus short, straight; lamina of carina trigonal, robust; vesica long, tubular, without cornuti, twisted, often upturned anteriorly and dorsally, distally gradually tapered, has two moderately large subbasal diverticuli and a longitudinal sclerotised band in the medial part. In the female genitalia, ovipositor relatively short, subconical. Papillae anales trigonal, with large setae. Apophyses relatively long, thin; apophyses anteriores longer than apophyses posteriores. Ostium bursae sclerotised, relatively short, wide, more or less trapezoidal, with strongly sclerotised lateral margins. Ductus bursae moderately long, extended at junction to corpus bursae, right side of its anterior part sclerotised and ribbed. Right side of posterior part of corpus bursae strongly sclerotised and ribbed. Anterior part of corpus bursae sack-like, with one-three signa. Appendix bursae relatively large, ovoid, heavily sclerotised at junction to posterior part of the corpus bursae, its posterior part conically narrowed.

Heliocheilus translucens Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874 (Figs 5–8, 13, 15)

Heliocheilus translucens Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874, Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1859. Zoologischer Teil 1874: pl. 108, fig. 49 (Type locality: Himalaya, Urni).

Material examined. Photographs of the holotype (Fig. 1): Urni, Stolurka / CVIII f. 49 Heliocheilus translucens, Himal. u. / translucens / Genus Heliocheilus Grote, Antherm. cys. / male / Felder coll. / 570 / Type / BMNH(E) #987440 (Coll. BMNH). Other material examined: 20 males, 17 females, Batang. (Tibet). Im Tal des Yangtze (ca. 2800 m), H. Höne, 5.vi.,6.vi. (2), 8.vi., 9.vi., 10.vi., 11.vi., 15.vi., 29.vi. (2), 2.vii., 6.vii., 10.vii. (2), 13.vii., 14.vii. (4), 15.vii., 18.vii., 23.vii., 30.vii. (2), 1.viii., 9.viii., 11.viii., 12.viii. (2), 13.viii. (2), 15.viii., 19.viii., 20.viii. (2) and 21.viii. (2) 1936 (Coll. ZFMK). Slides 2278-DS Stüning (male), 2279-DS Stüning (females). Diagnosis. Wingspan 27–29 mm. Externally, specimens of H. translucens are close to H. tengri; males differ from those of H. tengri in the reduced or absent pale triangular patches in the terminal area of hindwing, the more brownish ground colour of forewing, the darker terminal area; from H. fervens they differ in the brownish head, thorax and ground colour of forewing and reduced pale triangular patches in the terminal area of hindwing; females differ from H. tengri in the somewhat narrower forewing, the somewhat paler reniform and orbicular stigmata without blackish suffusion, and the reduced pale triangular patches in the terminal area of hindwing; from H. fervens they differ in the brownish ground colour of forewing, the paler and more contrasting orbicular and

280 · Zootaxa 3915 (2) © 2015 Magnolia Press VOLYNKIN ET AL. FIGURES 1–10. Heliocheilus spp. adults. 1, H. tengri, holotype male, Mongolia (ZISP); 2, H. tengri, paratype male, Mongolia (AVB); 3, H. tengri, paratype female, Mongolia (AVB); 4, H. tengri, paratype male, Mongolia (ZISP); 5, H. translucens, holotype male, Himalaya (© BMNH) (photo by M. Honey); 6, H. translucens, male, China, Tibet (ZFMK); 7, H. translucens, female, China, Tibet (ZFMK); 8, H. translucens, female, China, Tibet (ZFMK); 9, H. fervens, male, Russian Far East (IBSS) (photo by V.S. Kononenko); 10, H. fervens, female, Russian Far East (ZISP).

REVIEW OF PALAEARCTIC HELIOCHEILUS TRANSLUCENS GROUP Zootaxa 3915 (2) © 2015 Magnolia Press · 281 FIGURES 11–14. Heliocheilus spp. male genitalia. 11, H. tengri, holotype, Mongolia, slide AV1270 Volynkin; 12, H. tengri, paratype, Mongolia, slide AV0240 Volynkin; 13, H. translucens, China, Tibet, slide 2278-DS Stüning; 14, H. fervens, Russian Far East, gen. prep. Volynkin. reniform stigmata and the reduced pale triangular patches in the terminal area of hindwing. The male genitalia are close to those of H. tengri, but differ in the slightly broader and apically less pointed cucullus, the somewhat longer vesica and the larger subbasal diverticuli; from H. fervens they differ in the apically stronger pointed cucullus and somewhat larger subbasal diverticuli in the vesica. The female genitalia differ from those of H. tengri in the longer apophyses posteriores, the strongly sclerotised anterior part of ductus bursae and the posterior part of corpus bursae, the larger corpus bursae and the appendix bursae, presence of second long band-like ventral signum and a small dorsal signum; from H. fervens differ in the longer sclerotised part of ductus bursae and the broader sclerotised area in the basal part of the appendix bursae, the larger corpus bursae and appendix bursae, presence of second band-like ventral signum. Distribution. Himalaya and the Tibet region.

282 · Zootaxa 3915 (2) © 2015 Magnolia Press VOLYNKIN ET AL. FIGURES 15–19. Heliocheilus spp., female genitalia and habitat. 15, H. translucens, China, Tibet, slide 2279-DS Stüning; 16, H. tengri, paratype, Mongolia, slide AV0323 Volynkin; 17, H. fervens, Russian Far East, slide AV0185 Volynkin; 18, H. fervens, Russian Far East, gen. prep. Kononenko (photo by V.S. Kononenko); 19, W Mongolia, Hovd aimak, Uenchijn-Gol river valley, 50 km N. of Uench vill., 1500 m, the type-locality of H. tengri (photo by R.V. Yakovlev).

Type material. Holotype: male, 22.vii.2009, W Mongolia, Hovd aimak, Uenchijn-Gol river valley, 50 km N. of Uench vill., 1500 m, arid mountain steppe near Salix-thrickets in a valley of the river, Yakovlev R.V. & Guskova E.V. leg. (Coll. ZISP). Slide AV1270 Volynkin. Paratypes: 1 male, 1 female, with the same data, as the holotype (Coll. AVB); 1 female, 06.vii.2007, same locality (Coll. ZISP); 1 male, 02.vii.2009, W Mongolia, Hovd aimak, middle stream of Uenchijn-Gol river, 1750 m. Yakovlev R.V. leg. (Coll. ZISP); 1 male, 06.vii.2009, SW Mongolia, Hovd aimak, Bodonchijn-Gol basin, Hundijn-Gol river valley, 1600 m, Yakovlev R.V. & Guskova E.V. leg. (Coll. AVB). Slides AV0183, AV0240 Volynkin (males), AV0184, AV0323 Volynkin (females). Diagnosis. Externally, the new species is close to H. translucens, but male differs in the well expressed large pale triangular patches in the terminal area of hindwing, the paler terminal area of forewing, the smaller elliptical transparent hyaline area devoid of scales and the more olive ground colour of forewing; from H. fervens it differs in the brownish-olive head and thorax colouration, the brownish-olive ground colour of forewings and the more expressed pale triangular patches in the terminal area of hindwing; female of the new species differs from H. translucens in the somewhat broader forewing, the darker reniform and orbicular stigmata having blackish suffusion, and the well expressed large pale triangular patches in the terminal area of hindwing; from H. fervens it differs in the brownish-olive head and thorax colouration, the brownish-olive ground colour of forewings and larger pale triangular patches in the terminal area of hindwing. The male genitalia of H. tengri differ from those of H. translucens in the somewhat narrower cucullus, the somewhat shorter vesica and the smaller subbasal diverticuli; from H. fervens they differ in the somewhat narrower cucullus having a more pointed apical part, in a shorter vesica and smaller subbasal diverticuli. The female genitalia of H. tengri differ more clearly from those of the two other species of the species-group: from H. translucens they differ in the shorter apophyses posteriores, the less sclerotised anterior part of the ductus bursae and the posterior part of the corpus bursae, the much smaller corpus bursae and the appendix bursae, absence of one band-like signum on ventral side and a small signum on dorsal side of the corpus bursae; from H. fervens they differ in the shorter apophyses posteriores, the more sclerotised basal part of appendix bursae, the much less sclerotised anterior part of the ductus bursae and the posterior part of the corpus bursae, the larger corpus bursae and the appendix bursae, absence of a small dorsal signum. Description. External morphology (Figs 1–4). Wingspan 28–29 mm. Sex dimorphism expressed: male has swollen forewing costa and elliptical and elongate transparent hyaline areas devoid of scales in the distal part of dilated area between R1 and R2 and in the cell. Eyes orbicular. Labial palps short, upcurved, covered with olive- brown scales, their 3rd segment one-fourth length of 2nd. Antennae filiform. Head, thorax and abdomen olive- brown or orange-brown. Ground colour of forewing olive greenish-brown or orange-brown. Wing pattern diffuse. Reniform stigma large, oval, dark, olive-brown or orange-brown with blackish diffusion; orbicular stigma indistinct, surrounded with dark, olive-brown or orange-brown diffused spot in median area behind from orbicular. Antemedial line indistinct. Postmedial and subterminal lines olive-brown or orange-brown, arcuate. Areas behind from cell and reniform pale, ochreous. Submarginal area dark, olive-brown or orange-brown. Terminal line thin, dark, olive-brown or orange-brown. Terminal area pale, ochreous. Cilia olive-brown or orange-brown. Hindwing pale, creamy-ochreous, with wide blackish-brown terminal field with 2 ochreous merged spots between M3 and

Cu2. In Cu1 pale spot restricted by trigonal stroke. Discal spot large, blackish-brown. Basal area and anal margin with blackish-brown irroration. Cilia creamy-ochreous, with dark basal band. Male genitalia (Figs 11, 12). Uncus long and narrow, somewhat extended in medial part. Tegumen moderately long. Penicular lobes wide, weak. Juxta wide, shield-like. Vinculum short, relatively wide, weak, V-shaped. Valva elongate, narrow, slightly curved and extended apically. Sacculus weak, narrow, short. Aedeagus short, straight. Lamina of carina trigonal, robust. Vesica long, twisted, upturned anteriorly and dorsally, distally gradually tapered, with two moderately large subbasal diverticuli and longitudinal sclerotised band in medial part. Female genitalia (Fig. 16). Ovipositor relatively short, subconical. Papillae anales trigonal, with large setae. Apophyses relatively long, thin. Apophyses anteriores longer than apophyses posteriores. Ostium bursae sclerotised, relatively short, wide, more or less trapezoidal, with strongly sclerotised lateral margins. Ductus bursae moderately long, extended at junction to corpus bursae; right side of its anterior part sclerotised and ribbed. Right side of posterior part of corpus bursae strongly sclerotised and

284 · Zootaxa 3915 (2) © 2015 Magnolia Press VOLYNKIN ET AL. ribbed. Anterior part of corpus bursae sack-like, with one long band-like signum on ventral side. Appendix bursae relatively large, ovoid, heavily sclerotised at junction to cervix bursae; its posterior part conically narrowed. Distribution. The new species is known from southwestern, Dzhungarian part of Mongolian Altai Mts. (Yakovlev 2012). H. tengri inhabits dry stony steppe biotopes at medium altitudes (Fig. 19). Etymology. Tengri is the presiding deity in Mongolian mythology.

Heliocheilus fervens (Butler, 1881) (Figs 9, 10, 14, 17, 18)

Heliothis fervens Butler, 1881, Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1881: 186 (Type locality: Japan, Tokyo). = Heliothis foveolatus Staudinger, 1888, Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 49: 263 (Type locality: [Russian Far East] “Suifun, Sidemi”).

Material examined. 1 female, [Russian Far East] South Primorye, Khasan distr., Kedrovaya Pad' strict reserve, 26.viii.1976, leg. V. Kononenko (Coll. IBSS); 1 male, [Russian Far East] S Ussuri, Romanovka, 20–21.vii.1982, leg. A. Lindt (Coll. IBSS); 1 female, [Russian Far East] Yakovlevka, Spas. distr., Ussuri reg., 22.vii.1926, Pashuk's apiary, leg. Djakonov & Filipjev (Coll. ZISP); 1 female, [Russian Far East] Primorye, Barabash-Levada, 2.vii.–2.viii.1994, leg. A. Danchenko, ex coll. A.V. Nekrasov (Coll. ZISP); 1 female, [Russian Far East] South Primorye, Khasan district, 20 km S Kraskino, 10.viii.1978, leg. V. Kononenko (Coll. ZISP); 1 female, [Russian Far East], Vladivostok, P.O. [Russkij island], 22.viii.1915, leg. Kriger-Vojnovskij (Coll. ZISP); 3 females, [Russian Far East], S Primorye, near Andreevka, 6.viii.1978, Kononenko [leg.] (Coll. ZISP); 1 female, [Russian Far East], Primorye, Yakovlevka district, Yakovlevka vill.,21.vii.1981, Ustjuzhanin P.Y. (Coll. SZMN); 1 male, 19.viii.1993, [Russian Far East], S Primorye, Gamova penninsula, Spaseniya bay between the Telyakov and Astafyev bays, at light, V. Dubatolov & V. Zinchenko leg. (Coll. SZMN); 1 female, 21.viii.1993, same locality and collectors (Coll. SZMN); 1 male, 21.vii.2002, [Russia, Transbaikalia] Chita region, left bank of Budyumkan river, 5 km upper the outfall, larch forest fringe, V.V. Dubatolov leg., at light (Coll. SZMN); 1 male, Tai-shan (1550m), Prov. Shantung, China, H. Höne, 4.vii.1934 (Coll. ZFMK); 4 females, same locality, 18.viii., 22.viii., 26.viii. and 28.viii.1934 (Coll. ZFMK); 1 male, [China] Ost-tien-mu-shan, Prov. Chekiang, H. Höne, 24.viii.1931 (Coll. ZFMK); 2 females, [China] Kuling, July 1921, ex coll. Weber, 13/57 (Coll. ZFMK); 1 male, [China] Hoeng Shan, Prov. Hunan, Höne, 29.viii. (Coll. ZFMK); 1 male, same locality, 13.ix. (Coll. ZFMK), 1 female, same locality, 10.ix.1933 (Coll. ZFMK). Genital prep. Volynkin (male), slide AV0185 Volynkin (female). Note. In the check-list of the Palaearctic Heliocheilus, Fibiger et al. (2009) placed H. fervens to a distinct species-group ('fervens species-group'). By our opinion, H. fervens has no principal morphological differences from H. translucens and should be placed to translucens species-group. Diagnosis. Wingspan 28–32 mm. The species externally differs from H. translucens in the brownish-orange head and thorax colouration, the brownish-orange ground colour of forewing, the well expressed pale triangular patches in the terminal area of hindwing of both sexes, and the more diffuse pattern in females; from H. tengri it differs in the brownish-orange head and thorax colouration, the brownish-orange ground colour of forewing, and the less expressed pale triangular patches in the terminal area of hindwing of both sexes. The male genitalia differ from H. translucens in the less apically pointed cucullus and the somewhat smaller subbasal diverticuli in the vesica; from H. tengri in the somewhat broader and the less apically pointed cucullus, the somewhat longer vesica and the larger subbasal diverticuli in the vesica. The female genitalia differ from those of H. translucens in the shorter sclerotised part of ductus bursae, the smaller sclerotised area in the basal part of the appendix bursae, and absence of second long ventral band-like signum; from H. tengri they differ in the longer apophyses posteriores, the less sclerotised basal part of appendix bursae, the more sclerotised anterior part of the ductus bursae and the posterior part of the corpus bursae, presence of the small dorsal signum. Distribution. Transbaikalia, Russian Far East (S Amur, S Khabarovsk and Primorye territories), Japan, Korea, eastern and southeastern China. Records of H. fervens from Tibet (Hreblay et al. 1998; Kononenko et al. 1998; Kononenko 2003) belong to H. translucens.

We thank Dr. M. Honey (BMNH, London, GB) for pictures of the holotype of H. translucens, Dr. Vladimir V. Dubatolov (SZMN, Novosibirsk, Russia) for help during work at SZMN collection, Dr. Vladimir S. Kononenko (IBSS, Vladivostok, Russia) for good pictures of H. fervens, and Dr. Roman V. Yakovlev (Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia) for valuable material from West Mongolia and photo of the type-locality.

References

Fibiger, M., Ronkay, L., Steiner, A. & Zilli, A. (2009) Pantheinae – Bryophilinae. Noctuidae Europaeae, 11, 1–504. [Entomological Press, Sorø] Hreblay, M., Ronkay, L. & Plante, J. (1998) Contribution to the Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) fauna of Tibet and the adjacent regions (II). A systematic surway of the Tibetan Noctuidae fauna based on the material of the Schäfer–expedition (1938–1939) and recent expeditions (1993–1997) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Esperiana, 6, 69–184. Kononenko, V.S. (2003) 18. Subfamilia Heliothinae. In: Keys for identification of the insects of the Far East of Russia. Vol. 5. Trichoptera and Lepidoptera. Part 4. Vladivostok, Dal’nauka, pp. 592–603. [in Russian] Kononenko, V.S., Ahn, S.-B. & Ronkay, L. (1998) Illustrated catalogue of Noctuidae in Korea (Lepidoptera). In: Park, K.T. (Ed.), Insects of Korea, 3, pp. 1–509. Volynkin, A.V. (2012) Noctuidae of the Russian Altai (Lepidoptera). Proceedings of the Tigirek State Natural Reserve, 5. 1–339. [Barnaul] Yakovlev, R.V. (2012) Checklist of Butterflies (Papilionoidea) of the Mongolian Altai Mountains, including descriptions of new taxa. Nota Lepidopterologica, 35 (1), 51–96.