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Viii ABSTRAK DWI LARASATI. Studi Antibakteri Dan

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Viii ABSTRAK DWI LARASATI. Studi Antibakteri Dan ABSTRAK DWI LARASATI. Studi Antibakteri dan Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Dysoxylum parasiticum (Osbeck) Kosterm. Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Salmonella typhimurium Penyebab Penyakit Pada Manusia. Dibimbing oleh LILI SUHARLI dan I PUTU AGUS HENDRA WIBAWA. Penyakit infeksi sering terjadi pada masyarakat di Indonesia. Salah satu agen penyakit yang menginfeksi manusia adalah bakteri Salmonella typhimurium yang dapat menyebabkan gastroenteritis yang merupakan infeksi pada usus. Pemberian antibiotik yang tidak rasional dapat menyebabkan bakteri tersebut menjadi resisten. Selain penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri, radikal bebas juga dapat menyebabkan penyakit pada manusia. Dampak dari radikal bebas sangat berbahaya bagi tubuh karena dapat menyebabkan beberapa penyakit, seperti penyakit jantung, stroke dan bersifat karsinogenik yang dapat menyebabkan kanker. Oleh karena itu, antioksidan diperlukan untuk menangkal radikal bebas. Hal ini mendorong dilakukannya penelitian untuk mencari tanaman yang dapat mengatasi penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri S. typhimurium dan sebagai antioksidan. Salah satunya adalah dengan mengembangkan dan menggali potensi tanaman koleksi Kebun Raya “Eka Karya” Bali-LIPI yaitu tanaman Dysoxylum parasiticum (Osbeck) Kosterm. dari famili Meliaceae yang berasal dari Sumatra yang akan langsung dilakukan pengujian pada bakteri S.typhimurium. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini, antara lain : Untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak dalam menghambat bakteri S. typhimurium dilakukan metode difusi agar. Uji antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH. Pengujian dosis minimum dilakukan untuk mengetahui seberapa kuat ekstrak dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Uji fraksinasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kelarutan bahan aktif tanaman dari ekstrak tanaman yang diuji. Hasil pengujian menggunakan metode difusi agar menunjukkan zona hambat dari ekstrak tanaman D. parasiticum terhadap bakteri S. typhimurium hal tersebut menandakan ekstrak efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri tersebut. Uji antioksidan dengan menggunakan DPPH menunjukkan ekstrak tanaman D. parasiticum memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 1,70 ppm, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tanaman D. parasiticum memiliki kemampuan sebagai antioksidan dengan kategori sangat kuat. Dosis minimum dari tanaman D. parasiticum adalah 500 ppm. Bahan aktif dari ekstrak terdapat pada fraksi metanol dan fraksi n-heksan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa bahan aktif dari ekstrak D. parasiticum lebih banyak bersifat polar namun, ekstrak ini juga memiliki senyawa aktif yang bersifat non polar Kata Kunci : D. parasiticum, Meliaceae, S. typhimurium, fraksinasi viii ABSTRACT DWI LARASATI. Study of Antibacterial and Antioxidant Leaves Extract Dysoxylum parasiticum (Osbeck) Kosterm. Against the Growth of Salmonella typhimurium Bacteria Causes Disease in Humans. Supervised by LILI SUHARLI and I PUTU AGUS HENDRA WIBAWA Infectious diseases are common in people in Indonesia. One of the disease agents that infect humans is Salmonella typhimurium bacteria, which can cause gastroenteritis, an intestine infection. The administration of antibiotics to prevent irrational bacterial infections causes the bacteria to become resistant. In addition to diseases caused by bacteria, free radicals can also cause disease in humans. The impact of free radicals is hazardous for the body because it can cause several diseases, such as heart disease, stroke, and are carcinogenic, causing cancer. Therefore, antioxidants are necessary to ward off free radicals. It encourages researchers to look for plants that can overcome diseases caused by bacterial infections of S. typhimurium and as antioxidants. One of them is to develop and explore the potential of botanical garden collection plant "Eka Karya"Bali-LIPI, namely the Dysoxylum parasiticum (Osbeck) Kosterm plant from the family Meliaceae originating from Sumatra, which will be directly tested on the bacteria S. typhimurium. Methods used in this study is to know the potential of extracts in inhibiting bacteria S. typhimurium carried out-diffusion method agar. Antioxidant test using the DPPH method. Minimum dose testing is carried out to find out how potent the extract is in inhibiting bacterial growth. While fractionation tests to determine the level of solubility of the plant's active ingredients from the plant extracts tested. The test results used a diffusion method to show the inhibition zone of plant extract D. parasiticum against bacteria S. typhimurium. It indicates the section is effective in inhibiting the growth of the bacteria. Antioxidant tests using DPPH showed the plant extract D. parasiticum has an IC50 value of 1.70 ppm; this indicates that plant D. parasiticum can be an antioxidant with a potent category. The minimum dose of plant D. parasiticum is 500 ppm. The active ingredient of the extract is found in the methanol fraction and the n-hexane fraction. That indicates that the active ingredient of D. parasiticum extract is more polar. However, it also has active compounds that are non-polar. Keywords: D. parasiticum, Meliaceae, S. typhimurium, fractionation ix .
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