Introduction to Mac Basics With: Mojave

Note: This handout based on instructions already available at www.apple.com/support

PART I: Getting Oriented to the Home Screen Menu Bar App Menus System Status Information

Dock

Menu Bar The menu bar is located at the top of the screen. It contains the , App menus, Status menus, , , and Ask .

System Status Information This contains quick information about the status of various ‘systems’ like blue tooth connections, battery charges, and wi-fi connections.

Use the Wi-Fi status menu in the menu bar to switch between Wi-Fi networks, turn your Wi-Fi on or off, open Network preferences, or create a computer-to-computer network.

1. Choose Apple menu > , click Network, and then click Wi-Fi in the list.

If Wi-Fi isn’t in the list, click Add (+) at the bottom of the list, choose Wi-Fi from the Interface pop- up menu, give the Wi-Fi service a name, then click Create. Last Updated: October 11, 2018 [email protected] Page | 1

Introduction to Mac Basics With: Mojave

2. Select the Show Wi-Fi status in menu bar checkbox.

Four signal bars appear in the Wi-Fi status icon in the menu bar. The more bars that are black, the higher the signal quality.

Using the Dock The Dock is the bar of icons that sits at the bottom or side of your screen. It provides easy access to many of the apps that come with your Mac (like Mail, , and ). You can add your own apps, documents and folders to the Dock, too.

To use an item in the Dock, click its icon. If you want to listen to some , click the iTunes icon (the icon with music ). To check your email, click the Mail icon (it looks like a stamp).

When an application is open, the Dock displays a black dot beneath the application's icon. To make any currently running application the active one, click its icon in the Dock.

Organizing the Dock The Dock keeps apps on its left side. Folders, documents, and minimized windows are kept on the right side of the Dock. If you look closely, you can see a vertical separator line that separates these. New for Mojave is an additional line and recently uses apps are placed between these lines

If you want to rearrange where an icon appears on the Dock, just drag it to another location in the Dock. The Trash and the are special items, so they are always present at each end of the Dock.

Adding and removing Dock items If you want to add an application to the Dock, click the Launchpad icon in the Dock. Then, drag an app icon from the Launchpad to the Dock. The icons in the Dock move aside to make room for the new item. If you want to add a file or folder to the Dock, just drag its icon from any Finder window (or the desktop) and drop it on the Dock.

To remove an item from the Dock, drag its icon an inch or more off the Dock and wait a couple seconds. Then release the icon and it disappears.

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Introduction to Mac Basics With: Mojave

Removing an item from the Dock doesn't permanently remove it from your computer. If you want that item back in the Dock, locate the app, file, or folder in the Finder or Launchpad, and simply drag it back into the Dock.

Minimizing Windows If you minimize a window (click the round, yellow button in the upper-left corner of any window), the window is pulled down into the Dock.

The Trash The Dock includes the Trash (its icon looks like a waste basket). Drag any documents you no longer want to the Trash to get rid of them.

When you move items to the Trash, you haven't completely deleted them. You can click the Trash icon in the Dock to see what it contains. When you're ready to permanently delete files or folders that you've dragged to the Trash, click and hold the Trash icon in the Dock and choose Empty Trash.

Many users forget to empty their trash, which results in a buildup of files over time. You can set your preferences to automatically empty the trash. Simply go the Finder > Preferences > Advanced and check Remove items from the Trash after 30 days.

Eject If you drag a flash drive or other mounted volume to the Trash, it changes to an ‘eject’ icon to let you know that this action ejects or removes the item rather than erasing or deleting it.

If you don't see the Dock You can also set the Dock so that it isn't visible until you need it. If you don't see the , try moving your pointer to the bottom or side of your screen to see if it appears. To turn Dock hiding on or off, choose System Preferences > Dock > Automatically hide and show the Dock from the Apple menu.

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Introduction to Mac Basics With: Mojave

PART II: Working With Your Desktop Windows Most of the information on your Mac is displayed in windows, including Finder windows and app windows.

When you have multiple windows open, only one is active. When an app window is active, the menu bar contains the app’s name.

Move, resize, and minimize windows Move a window: Click the window’s title bar, and then drag it.

Manually resize a window: Drag the window’s edges (top, bottom, and sides).

Minimize a window: Click the yellow minimize button in the top-left corner of the window, or press Command (⌘)-M.

Some windows can’t be moved or resized, and may require that you perform an action or answer a question before you can continue with a task.

Switch to full screen In many apps, including and Mail, you can expand the window to fill your entire screen. Click the green full-screen button in the top-left corner of an app window

Return to standard view by pressing the 'escape' key or by moving the pointer to the top-right corner of the screen, then clicking the two arrow icon.

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Introduction to Mac Basics With: Mojave

Quickly switch between apps If multiple apps are open, it may be difficult to find the one you want. Here are you can use to move among apps.

Quickly switch to the previous app: Press Command (⌘)-Tab.

Scroll through all open apps: Press Command (⌘-) Tab, continue to hold the , then press the Tab key repeatedly. When you get to the app you want, stop and release the keys. You can also press Command (⌘ -)Tab, continue to hold down the Command key and use the mouse pointer or arrow keys to scroll.

Resume work without switching apps: Press Esc (Escape) or the period key.

Here are other tasks you can do after pressing Command (⌘)-Tab and holding down the Command key:

. Hide a selected app: Press H. . Quit a selected app: Press Q.

Close windows Click the red close button in the top-left corner of the window, or press Command (⌘)-W.

When you close an app’s window, the window closes, but the app remains open. If you want to quit an app, click the app’s name in the menu bar, and then choose Quit [App] or press Command (⌘)-Q.

PART III: Managing Files, Folders, and Documents Represented by the blue icon with the smiling face, the Finder is the home base for your Mac. You use it to organize and access almost everything on your Mac, including documents, images, movies, and any other files you have.

To open a Finder window, click the Finder icon in the Dock. To go to the Finder without opening a window, click the desktop.

Everything on your Mac—documents, pictures, music, apps, and more—is organized in folders. As you create documents, install apps, and do other work, you can create new folders to keep yourself organized.

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Introduction to Mac Basics With: Mojave

Create a folder

1. Control-click (with a trackpad, two-finger tap) the desktop if you want to create the folder on the desktop; otherwise, open a Finder window and navigate to where you want to create the folder.

2. Click the Action (gear symbol) > New Folder, or press Shift–Command (⌘)–N.

If the New Folder command is dimmed, you can’t create a folder in the current location. For example, you can’t create a folder in the All My Files section of the Finder sidebar.

3. Enter a name for the folder, then press Return.

Move items into folders Do any of the following: Put an item in a folder: Drag it to the folder. Put several items in a folder: Select the items, and then drag one of the items to the folder. All selected items move to the folder. Keep an item in its original location and put a copy in a folder: Hold down the , then drag the item to the folder. Keep an item in its original location and put an for it in a new folder: Hold down the Option and Command (⌘) keys, and then drag the item to the folder. Make a copy of an item within the same folder: Select the item, then choose File > Duplicate or press Command (⌘)–D. Copy files to a different disk: Drag the files to the disk. To move files to a different disk without copying them, hold down the Command (⌘) key, and then drag the files to the disk. Quickly group multiple items into a folder You can quickly create a folder of items on the desktop or in a Finder window.

1. Select all the items you want to group together. 2. Control-click one of the selected items, then choose New Folder with Selection. 3. Enter a name for the folder, then press Return.

Merge two folders with the same name If you have two folders with identical names at two different locations, you can merge them into a single folder.

Hold down the Option key, then drag one folder to the location that contains a folder with the same name. In the dialog that appears, click Merge.

The Merge option appears only if one of the folders contains items that are not in the other folder. If the folders contain different versions of identically named files, the only options are Stop or Replace.

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Organize your Desktop Many people save folders, documents, pictures, and other files to their desktop for ease of access. This can lead to a messy and disorganized workspace.

New for Mojave is a feature called 'Stacks.' This quickly groups like items on the desktop into piles, or stacks.

To use this feature, Control-click (Two-finger tap on a trackpad) on the desktop and click "Use Stacks." The items on your desktop will be immediately grouped by kind. Click on one of the stacks to access the items placed there.

PART IV: Finding Things with Spotlight Spotlight helps you quickly find anything on your Mac, including documents, emails, apps, songs, , and more. It also provides Spotlight Suggestions from sources like Wikipedia, Bing, Maps, news, and iTunes so you can get more information right in Spotlight. Search results have rich, interactive previews so you can play song previews, get directions, send email, make phone calls, and more from results.

Note: Spotlight Suggestions may not be available in all regions.

1. Click the Spotlight icon in the menu bar, or Press Command (⌘)-Space bar.

2. Enter your search. Results appear as you type; you don’t need to press Return.

3. Click a search result to it in Spotlight. You can also use the arrow keys to scroll through the results.

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Introduction to Mac Basics With: Mojave

Here are some of the items you can search for:

. Items on your Mac, such as documents, emails, apps, songs, movies, contacts, events, and . . Items in the iTunes Store, iBooks Store, or App Store, such as songs, albums, movies, TV shows, books, and apps. . Locations near you, such as stores, restaurants, parks, and landmarks. . Wikipedia entries for people, places, and more. . Movies playing in theaters near you. . News for current events.

Note: If you turn off Spotlight Suggestions (done through System Preferences > Spotlight), Spotlight searches only for items on your Mac.

With Spotlight, you can also get unit and currency conversions, quickly open apps, and get calculations and definitions.

 Get currency and unit conversions: Convert dollars to euros, feet to meters, pounds to kilograms, even hectares to acres. Enter the units or currency you want to convert, such as 100 dollars. The top result shows the conversions.  Open an app: Enter the app’s name in Spotlight, then press Return. Spotlight learns from your searches, so if you enter “s” and open Safari, the next time you enter “s,” Safari is the top result.  Get a calculation: Enter a mathematical expression in Spotlight, such as 956*23.94.  Get a definition: Enter a word or phrase, and then click the result below Definition.

Note: If you deselected categories in the Search Results pane of Spotlight preferences, you won’t see those results from those categories in Spotlight. If you used the Privacy pane of Spotlight preferences to exclude any folders or disks from searches, Spotlight results won’t include items in those folders and disks.

PART V: Using Launchpad to Find, Open, and Manage Apps Entering Launchpad

To open Launchpad and quickly access your apps:

 Click the Launchpad icon in the Dock.  Press the Launchpad key on your keyboard if present.  Pinch together your thumb-and-three-fingers in gesture on your trackpad.

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Navigating Launchpad When you enter Launchpad, the screen displays all of your apps. To open an app, simply click its icon.

By default, items in Launchpad are in alphabetical order. You can re-arrange icons on Launchpad by dragging them in the order you want.

If there's not enough room to show all of your apps on one screen, Launchpad creates multiple pages. The dots at the bottom of the Launchpad screen show you how many pages of apps there are, and which page you are currently viewing.

To move between pages  Press the right or left arrow on your keyboard.  Click a dot at the bottom of the Launchpad screen.  Swipe left or right with two fingers on your trackpad.

In OS X Mountain Lion and later, you can also search for an app by entering its name in the search field at the top of the Launchpad window.

Launchpad Folders You can organize your apps into categories in Launchpad. Just drag and drop one icon onto another (same as with an iPad).

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To see the contents of a folder in Launchpad, just click it. The other icons move out of the way so you can see the apps in the folder. You can also rename the folder by clicking its name in this view.

You can also move items from a folder, back to the main Launchpad screen. Simply drag an icon out of the Launchpad folder and let go.

If you remove all of the icons from a Launchpad folder, the folder goes away automatically.

Leaving Launchpad To exit Launchpad, open an app. If you want to exit without opening anything:

 Press the Escape (esc) key or Launchpad key on your keyboard.  Click the Launchpad icon, or another app icon in the Dock.  Use the Application Switcher (Command + tab) or Mission Control to select another app.  Pinch outward using your thumb and three fingers on your trackpad.

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Launchpad and When you purchase an app from the Mac App Store, it automatically appears in Launchpad.

If you later want to uninstall an app that you purchased, you can remove it from your Mac using Launchpad.

1. First, click and hold your pointer on an icon in Launchpad until all of the icons on your screen start to wiggle. Or, press the Option key on your keyboard. 2. Click the remove button (X) in the upper left of the icon of the app you want to remove. Note: If there is no "X" icon, the app wasn't installed from the Mac App Store, or the app is included as part of the OS. 3. Click Delete to confirm you want to remove the app.

Tip: You can use the Mac App Store to install the app again if you want it back.

PART VI: Using System Preferences System Preferences controls system-wide settings ("global" settings), and is available from the Apple menu at the upper-left corner of the screen. System Preferences lets you adjust things like your screen resolution, keyboard control, mouse control, sound, printer settings, sharing settings, accounts, and more.

You can quickly locate the settings you want to change by typing the desired subject in the search field. For example, to change your login password, type "password." The preferences related to password appear below the search field, and one or more preferences are spotlighted in the System Preferences window. Click the item in the list that matches what you want to do, or click one of the spotlighted preferences. The appropriate opens.

Customize your trackpad Trackpad preferences lets you control the clicking, scrolling, zooming, and gestures of your trackpad.

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Introduction to Mac Basics With: Mojave

1. Open System Preferences. 2. Choose View > Trackpad, or click the Trackpad icon. 3. To change your tracking speed and click settings, click the Point & Click tab. Then, move the Tracking slider to adjust how fast the arrow moves across your screen. Move it left to slow it down, or right to speed it up. You can also enable secondary-click by selecting the Secondary click checkbox. This lets you open shortcut menus by tapping two fingers on the trackpad surface. 4. To change your scroll and zoom settings, click the Scroll & Zoom tab. From here you can enable and disable scroll and zoom gestures. 5. To change other gesture settings, click the More Gestures tab. You can enable and disable gestures for swipe, Notification Center, Mission Control, App Exposé, Launchpad, and desktop.

Customize your mouse The Mouse preferences pane looks different depending on what kind of mouse you use. These settings let you set the sensitivity of the mouse to control how fast the pointer moves across your screen when you move your mouse, and adjust for your double-click reflexes. Other controls may be available, depending on the type of mouse you're using.

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Introduction to Mac Basics With: Mojave

1. Open System Preferences. 2. Choose the Mouse icon. 3. To control how fast the pointer (cursor) moves across your screen when you move the mouse, click Point & Click and use the Tracking slider to adjust speed. 4. If Double-Click Speed appears, you can use the Double-Click slider to adjust speed. 5. If your mouse has a scroll wheel, you can use the Scrolling slider to adjust speed. 6. To change gesture settings, click the More Gestures tab. You can enable and disable gestures for swipe and Mission Control.

Change your sounds You can control the volume of your Mac, which microphone to use, and which alert sounds to play from the Sound pane of System Preferences.

1. Open System Preferences.>Sound. 2. To change the alert sound played when your Mac wants to get your attention, click the Sound Effects tab, then select a sound in the alert sound list. 3. If you want to hear sound effects play when you do other things in the Finder, such as when you empty, the Trash or remove items from the Dock, select the Play user interface sound effects checkbox. 4. To change the overall volume of sound effects, move the Alert volume slider left to lower the volume, or right to raise the volume. 5. To adjust the overall volume of your Mac, move the Output volume slider left to turn the volume down, or right to turn it up. If you'd rather have your Mac quiet, click Mute. 6. To adjust the sound balance for your internal or external speakers, click the Output tab, select your speaker device from the list, and move the Balance slider left to hear more from the left channel, or right to hear more from the right channel.

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Change your OSX language Your Mac is set to display the language for the country you select when you first set up your computer. For example, if you select the United States, your Mac is set to English. If you select France, your Mac is set to French. If you prefer to use a different language, you can easily switch languages.

1. Open System Preferences> Language & Region. 2. In the Languages pane, drag your preferred language to the top of the list. If you don't see your language, click the Add Language (+) button. 3. To apply the language throughout your system, restart your Mac, or log out and log back in.

PART V: Learn More There are lots of resources to explore.

Library Resources  Get Class Resources like this handout: www.nvcl.ca > Techconnect (centre-left tab) > Computer Classes. Scroll to Intro to Mac then click on Class Resources.  Try a terrific tutorial on Lynda.com:

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Introduction to Mac Basics With: Mojave

www.nvcl.ca > Research & Learn (centre tab) > Online Resources A-Z > Click on the 'L' or scroll to Lynda.com.  Search for "macOS Mojave Essential Training"  Read online ebooks on tech and business subjects: www.nvcl.ca > Research & Learn > Online Resources A-Z > Click on 'S' or scroll to Safari.  Search for macOS  Look for books on the third floor at Row 26, Dewey 005.446 MAC  Set an appointment with a Tech Connect staff member by calling 604 982 3941 or emailing [email protected]

Other Resources  Free online tutorials o www.gcflearnfree.org: Search for macOS Basics. GCF has lots of great online courses you can do at your own speed o David A Cox Youtube demos: David provides useful video demonstrations of tech subjects. Google "David A Cox mac Mojave" or go to https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0kPjJnbiW0 for his review of what's new for the new operating system  Help Button, Last item on App Bar at centre top of screen

Appendix: Common Mac Shortcuts

Shortcut Description

Command-X Cut: Remove the selected item and copy it to the Clipboard.

Command-C Copy the selected item to the Clipboard. This also works for files in the Finder.

Command-V Paste the contents of the Clipboard into the current document or app. This also works for files in the Finder.

Command-Z Undo the previous command. You can then press Command-Shift-Z to Redo, reversing the undo command. In some apps, you can undo and redo multiple commands.

Command-A Select All items.

Command-F Find: Open a Find window, or find items in a document.

Command-G Find Again: Find the next occurrence of the item previously found. To find the previous occurrence, press Command-Shift-G.

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Command-H Hide the windows of the front app. To view the front app but hide all other apps, press Command-Option-H.

Command-M Minimize the front window to the Dock. To minimize all windows of the front app, press Command-Option-M.

Command-N New: Open a new document or window.

Command-O Open the selected item, or open a dialog to select a file to open.

Command-P Print the current document.

Command-S Save the current document.

Command-W Close the front window. To close all windows of the app, press Command-Option- W.

Command-Q Quit the app.

Command- Force Quit: Choose an app to force quit. Or press Command-Shift-Option-Esc and Option-Esc hold for 3 seconds to force just the front app to quit.

Command– Spotlight: Show or hide the Spotlight search field. To perform a Spotlight search Space bar from a Finder window, press Command–Option–Space bar. If you use multiple input sources to type in different languages, these shortcuts change input sources instead of showing Spotlight.

Command-Tab Switch apps: Switch to the next most recently used app among your open apps.

Command- Switch windows: Switch to the next most recently used window of the front app. Shift-Tilde (~)

Command- Screenshot: Take a screenshot of the entire screen. Learn more screenshot Shift-3 shortcuts.

Command- Preferences: Open preferences for the front app. Comma (,)

Symbols for Keyboard Shortcuts:  Command ⌘  Option ⌥  Caps Lock ⇪  Shift ⇧  Control ⌃  Function Fn

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