Metrogreen Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

MetroGreen Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

30 April 2018

Commissioned by Gateshead Council

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Commissioned by Gateshead Council Civic Centre MetroGreen Regent Street 377771 04 A Gateshead Area Actionhttps://mottmac.sharepoint.com/teams/pj Plan -b6118/do/Develop/StageEvidence 1 - Archaeological NE8 1HH Assessment/DBA Report/Final/Superseded/377771_MetrogreenGateshead_DBA - Final - RC.docx Stage 1 - MottArchaeological MacDonald Assessment Report

30 April 2018

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Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

Issue and revision record

Revision Date Originator Checker Approver Description A 17/01/18 Draft Issue

B 30/04/18 Final Issue

Document reference: 377771 | 04 | A

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Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

Contents

Executive summary 1

2 Introduction 2

3 Legislation and Policy 4 3.1 Legislation 4 Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 4 Planning (Listed Building and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 4 3.2 Policy 4 National Planning Policy Framework 4 Core Strategy and Urban Core Plan for Gateshead and Newcastle upon Tyne 2010-2030 4 Making Spaces for Growing Places, Draft Plan, October 2017 5 Saved Gateshead Unitary Development Plan Policies, 2015 5 MetroGreen Scoping Report, 2015 6 MetroGreen Options Report, 2015 6

4 Existing Evidence Review 7 4.1 Previous archaeological assessment 7

5 New Evidence and Consultation 8 5.1 New Evidence 8 Desk-Based Research 8 Proportionate Assessment 8 Assumptions and Limitations 9 5.2 Consultation 9

6 Baseline 10 6.1 Geology 10 6.2 Heritage Assets 10 Designated Sites within MetroGreen boundary 10 Designated Sites within 500m of MetroGreen 10 Non-designated sites within MetroGreen boundary 11 Non-Designated Sites within 500m 11 6.3 Archaeological and historical development 11 Prehistoric 12 Roman 12 Early Medieval 12 Medieval 13 Post-Medieval 13

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

Early Modern 13 Modern 14 6.4 Map Regression 14 Pre-Ordnance Survey Maps 14 1st edition Ordnance Survey 6 inch to 1 mile (1862) 15 2nd edition Ordnance Survey (1897-99) 15 3rd edition Ordnance Survey (1919-20) 16 4th edition Ordnance Survey (1939-47) 17

7 Constraints 19 7.1 Key Issues 19 7.2 Archaeological Potential 19 Overview 19 Area 1A 19 Area 1B 19 Area 1C 20 Area 1D 20 Area 2A 20 Area 2B 20 Area 2C 20 Area 2D 21 Area 2E 21 Area 2F 21 Area 2G 22 Area 2H 22 Area 2I 22 Area 2J 22 Area 2K 22 Area 2L 22 Area 3A 23 Area 3B 23 Area 3C 23

8 Interrelation with Other Topic Themes 24

9 Conclusions 25 9.1 Overview 25 9.2 Future Work 25

10 References 27 10.1 Bibliography 27 Documentary 27 Legislation and Guidance 27 Cartographic Resources 27

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

Digital Resources 28

Appendix A - Gazetteer 29

Appendix B - Figures 41

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen 1 Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

Executive summary

1.1.1 Gateshead Council has commissioned an Area Action Plan for MetroGreen as part of their Local Plan. The MetroGreen Area Action Plan will provide detailed planning policies and guidance designed to regenerate the area. The Area Action Plan involves the identification of key constraints to development and an archaeological assessment was a requirement of this process. This report assesses the archaeological history of MetroGreen to identify potential archaeological constraints present in the site. A constraints plan has been prepared which shows the archaeological potential in various parts of MetroGreen.

1.1.2 The assessment found that there is low potential for archaeological deposits to survive in MetroGreen. The history of MetroGreen is dominated by coal extraction and industrial or modern development. While there is some evidence for occupation in the immediate area prior to the Post Medieval Period, it is clear MetroGreen was predominantly an undeveloped agricultural landscape on the banks of the Tyne prior to the 19th century.

1.1.3 The agricultural landscape was skirted by several Waggonways, which brought coal from the extraction areas to export from the Tyne. However, like the early industrial developments around MetroGreen, it seems unlikely that substantial evidence of these early proto-railways will have survived subsequent development. It is likely that pockets of undisturbed ground and archaeological deposits relating to the site’s early industrial history remain, but there are no large plots of ground where this can be clearly identified.

1.1.4 Analysis of the baseline data categorised the site as having predominantly low, or negligible archaeological potential. One area at the eastern end of the site (2F) was assessed as having moderate potential for Historic built heritage. This area also incorporates the only designated heritage asset within the site boundary, the Grade II Listed Parish School.

1.1.5 The scope of this Archaeological Assessment is limited and it is not intended to replace a detailed and focussed archaeological Desk Based Assessment (DBA) required as part of the detailed planning process. Instead this document provides a high-level assessment of the site’s history and archaeological potential to inform the production of the Area Action Plan. A focussed DBA is recommended on each part of MetroGreen once specific development plans are finalised. The specification of any such DBA will require discussion with Tyne and Wear Archaeology Service in their role as advisers to Gateshead Council in all matters pertaining to the Historic Environment. Where any development is proposed, it is recommended that early consultation is held with Tyne and Wear Archaeology Service. Despite the limitations of this assessment, it is clear there are no major archaeological constraints to development.

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen 2 Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

2 Introduction

2.1.1 Gateshead Council is preparing an Area Action Plan (AAP) to facilitate the regeneration of and investment in vacant and underused brownfield land around the Metrocentre on the south bank of the River Tyne. The area incorporates the Metrocentre, surrounding shops, office and industrial uses and is approximately 213 hectares in size.

2.1.2 The MetroGreen AAP will be a Local Development Document that forms part of the Gateshead Local Plan. The 2015 adopted Planning for the Future Core Strategy and Urban Core Plan for Gateshead and Newcastle (CSUCP) set’s the strategic framework for this AAP. The AAP is a statutory document that will provide detailed planning and design policies and guidance for the area up to 2030 and beyond, setting out which land uses should go where, what infrastructure is required and how it will be delivered.

2.1.3 This document will be used to inform the Stage 1 Baseline Report which will assess and compile the technical studies required for Stage 1 of the AAP and will provide a concise summary of the position at MetroGreen. The Baseline Report sets out the nature, extent, and impact of each site constraint (including the strategic and local highway network, utilities, flood, ecological, contamination, landscape, and archaeological aspects) and written analysis of the site opportunities illustrated by plans and photography. Discussions with key landowners, statutory bodies, and utility and service providers will be an important part of the process.

2.1.4 The baseline report provides the detail and analysis to inform the option development and testing which forms Stage 2 of the project. It will also be used to develop draft strategies based on the preferred development option at Stage 3 of the project.

2.1.5 The project stages required to inform the production of the Area Action Plan are outlined below:

Stage 3 Stage 2 Stage 6 Draft Stage 7 Stage 8 Stage 1 Option strategies Stage 4 Stage 5 AAP Submission to AAP Minor Baseline Development based on AAP Draft Plan Final strategies Submission Secreatary of Modifications & Testing preferred Draft Plan State option

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen 3 Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

2.1.6 This document comprises a high level baseline review for the MetroGreen site. The report accesses a number of readily available sources to complete an archaeological assessment, providing a picture of the historical development of Metrogreen to inform the archaeological potential. Key elements of the study include:

1. A review of local, national and regional legislation, planning policies and guidance which relate to the historic environment; 2. An analysis of previous archaeological assessment and reports completed within the MetroGreen area; 3. A review of readily available sources to chart the development of the Metrogreen site and create a baseline, including: ● The Tyne and Wear Archaeology Service Historic Environment Record (HER); ● The National Heritage List for England (NHLE); ● The National Record of the Historic Environment (NRHE); ● Historic maps; and ● Records held by the British Geological Survey (BGS). 4. An assessment of the archaeological potential of each development area based on development recorded in the baseline; 5. Recommendations of future work required.

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen 4 Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

3 Legislation and Policy

3.1 Legislation 3.1.1 The United Kingdom Government adheres to the European Convention on the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage (Revised) known as the ‘Valetta Convention’. Article 2 requires that States who are signatories of the Convention must institute “a legal system for the protection of the archaeological heritage” (European Union, 1992). Article 4 requires provision for “the conservation and maintenance of the archaeological heritage, preferably in situ” (European Union, 1992).

Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 3.1.2 The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 makes provision through law for the investigation, preservation and recording of matters of archaeological and historical interest.

Planning (Listed Building and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 3.1.3 The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 sets out the protection given to buildings of special architectural or historic interest through Listing. It also establishes the process for designation of conservation areas. These are recognised as areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance.

3.2 Policy

National Planning Policy Framework 3.2.1 The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) was adopted in March 2012 and sets out the Government’s policies regarding developments that affect the historic environment. It is a material consideration in planning decisions and must be considered during the preparation of local plans.

3.2.2 Section 12 (paragraphs 126 – 141) outlines the policies for the protection and enhancement of the historic environment in planning. These policies ensure that any changes to heritage assets are appropriately managed and that proposals are appropriately supported by evidence with the impact adequately assessed.

3.2.3 A draft revised NPPF is currently under consultation, with this due to close in May 2018. In its present draft form it is not anticipated the draft revised NPPF will result in changes to the present report or the conclusions reached.

Core Strategy and Urban Core Plan for Gateshead and Newcastle upon Tyne 2010-2030 3.2.4 The Core Strategy and Urban Core Plan for Gateshead and Newcastle Upon Tyne (CSUCP) was adopted in March 2015. It is the principal document within the Local Plan, containing new policies. Those relevant to the historic environment include:

● CS15 Place-Making: Development will contribute to good place-making through the delivery of high quality and sustainable design, and the conservation and enhancement of the historic environment.

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen 5 Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

Making Spaces for Growing Places, Draft Plan, October 2017 3.2.5 Making Spaces for Growing Places (MSGP) is Part 3 of the Gateshead Local Plan, following on from Parts 1 and 2 in the CSUCP. This document is currently in draft form, undergoing Consultation.

3.2.6 MSGP intends to provide for better management of development, setting out detailed policies to guide planning applications and defining areas allocated for particular purposes.

3.2.7 The Strategic Objectives of the Gateshead Local Plan will be delivered by the MSGP and CSUCP. Of particular relevance to the historic environment is:

● SO9: Ensure the development and use of land protects, sustains and enhances the quality of the natural, built and historic environment, and ensuring our communities are attractive, safe and sustainable. 3.2.8 Policies in the MSGP which will deliver this strategic objective include:

● MSGP19 Residential Amenity: This policy ensures that development will not have an adverse impact on character of an area. ● MSGP25 Design Quality: The design quality must respect or enhance the existing character of an area in which it is built. This includes the area around the A1. ● MSGP26 Conservation and Enhancement of Heritage Assets: Alteration, extension or restoration of heritage assets will be permitted where this sustains, conserves and enhances their appearance, character and setting in an appropriate manner. Development within the setting of a heritage asset will be carefully managed and only allowed if it provides positive heritage benefits. ● MSGP27 Heritage at Risk: Development affecting sites included on the Heritage at Risk Register will only be permitted where it is demonstrated these will be brought back into repair or re-use. ● MSGP28 Archaeology: Development will be required to sustain, conserve and enhance Gateshead’s archaeological legacy. Development will be informed by archaeological assessment and remains left in situ where possible.

Saved Gateshead Unitary Development Plan Policies, 2015 3.2.9 The Gateshead Unitary Development Plan (UDP) was originally adopted in 2007, establishing policies and proposals for land use, transport and the environment. The gradual adoption of the Gateshead Local Plan from 2015 has meant that many of the policies within the UDP are now replaced or superseded, but until the completion of the Local Plan, others have been saved. Those saved policies relevant to the historic environment include:

● ENV21 Sites and Areas of Archaeological Importance: Where archaeological remains survive, whether designated as a scheduled ancient monument or not, there will be a presumption in favour of their preservation in situ. However, where the significance of archaeological remains is such that their preservation in situ is not essential, or is not feasible, a programme of archaeological works aimed at achieving preservation by record will be required, the findings of which should be published. It is anticipated this policy will be superseded by MSGP28. ● ENV22 Sites and Areas of Archaeological Importance: Where there is the likelihood that archaeological remains will be encountered as a result of development, the council will require a programme of investigative research and/or fieldwork to determine whether the

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen 6 Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

remains, that might exist, merit preservation in situ or by record. Research and fieldwork findings should be published. It is anticipated this policy will be superseded by MSGP28. ● ENV23 Building Recording: Development proposals which involve the conversion, re-use or demolition of standing buildings of archaeological, architectural or historical interest will need to incorporate a programme of building recording and assessment to inform the details of development or record the building in advance of demolition, as appropriate. It is anticipated this policy will be superseded by MSGP 26 – 28.

MetroGreen Scoping Report, 2015 3.2.10 The Scoping Report for MetroGreen notified interested parties of the Council’s intention to prepare an AAP and invited comments on the contents of this document. The Scoping Report identified those particular themes which would be included in the MetroGreen AAP at that stage. While neither archaeology or historic environment are specifically identified, the Scoping Report does state that the Area Action Plan will ‘address development constraints’.

MetroGreen Options Report, 2015 3.2.11 The MetroGreen Options Report was completed in 2015, it is the second stage in preparation of the AAP and identifies the preferred approach where development and key infrastructure may be situated.

3.2.12 The preferred approach to place making includes taking account of the heritage assets of an area. There is no specific mention of archaeological constraints within the document, but the presence of the Grade II Listed Parish School is noted and future development will note the existence of this structure.

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen 7 Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

4 Existing Evidence Review

4.1 Previous archaeological assessment 4.1.1 There is no work pre-dating this study which looks at the archaeological potential or constraints of the MetroGreen site as a whole. However, potential archaeological sensitivity is indicated by the existence of Archaeological Desk Based Assessments associated with specific previous planning applications within the MetroGreen site.

4.1.2 Analysis of the HER records for the MetroGreen site indicates that three separate areas have been subject to Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment associated with planning applications. These are:

● ‘Mandela Way, Dunston, Gateshead: Archaeological Desk Based Assessment’ 2012, The Archaeological Practice Ltd. This site is now occupied by the Go North East Bus Depot. ● ‘Land at Derwenthaugh Road, Swalwell, Tyne and Wear: Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment’ 2017, Archaeological Services Durham University. The site is now occupied by Hodgson Toyota car dealership. ● ‘St. Omer’s Road, Dunston, Gateshead: Archaeology and Heritage Desk Based Assessment’ 2017, Kirsten Holland MCIfA. This site was identified for development by Cemex Operations UK Ltd for the erection of a concrete plant in the area to the west of Omer Road and south of Handy Drive. 4.1.3 All three reports were accessed as part of this assessment, with both the research and findings used to inform the conclusions and archaeological constraints plan.

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen 8 Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

5 New Evidence and Consultation

5.1 New Evidence 5.1.1 This Archaeological Assessment will establish the archaeological potential of the MetroGreen site through an assessment of the site’s history and surrounding landscape, and identify heritage constraints which have the potential to affect development.

Development Areas 5.1.2 As part of the Area Action Plan the MetroGreen site has been divided into 19 possible areas. These divisions are displayed in Figure 1 and are used in the Constraints Chapter to indicate the archaeological potential of the site and possible restrictions upon development.

Assessment Areas 5.1.3 Tyne and Wear Archaeology Service act as advisers to Gateshead Council in all matters pertaining to the Historic Environment. In agreement with Tyne and Wear Archaeology Service a wider study area formed by a 500m buffer around the MetroGreen site is used to identify key, designated heritage assets which may provide an indication of the archaeological potential and historic development of MetroGreen.

5.1.4 An inner buffer of 300m is used to identify non-designated heritage assets which may provide context to the historical development and baseline conditions within MetroGreen.

Desk-Based Research 5.1.5 The Archaeological Assessment is informed by accessing readily available historical and archaeological records. Sources consulted for this study include:

● Relevant national and local planning policy documents pertaining to the Historic Environment; ● The online National Heritage List for England (NHLE); ● The online Heritage at Risk register (HAR); ● The Tyne and Wear Historic Environment Record (HER); ● North-East Regional Research Framework (NERRF); ● Historic mapping available online; ● The British Geological Survey (BGS); ● Online resources including the Archaeological Data service (ADS) and other web based resources; and ● Relevant published and unpublished documentary sources. 5.1.6 A full list of references can be found in Section 10.

Proportionate Assessment 5.1.7 The Brief provided for the project by Gateshead Council for the Stage 1 Baseline Report requested:

● ‘An archaeological assessment of the MetroGreen area; and ● ‘An archaeological constraints plan’.

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5.1.8 A desk-based assessment aims to determine, as far as is reasonably possible from existing records, the extent and significance of the historic environment in a particular area. This report is not designed to replace a comprehensive and focussed DBA that would likely be required to satisfy planning conditions. Instead, this document provides a high-level overview of the history and development of MetroGreen, highlighting those areas of archaeological potential and sensitivity through the production of an archaeological constraints map. This is in line with the brief outlined by Gateshead Council.

5.1.9 As there are no specific, detailed plans to redevelop MetroGreen at present, there is no impact assessment to consider. In addition, the specification was for an ‘archaeological assessment’ and as such, there is no requirement to address built heritage assets adjacent to MetroGreen and any impact proposed development would have upon their setting. Instead, the assessment is a broad consideration of the potential for archaeological remains across MetroGreen, defining the archaeological potential of the site.

5.1.10 This approach was discussed with Tyne and Wear Archaeology Service prior to commencement of the Archaeological Assessment and is proportionate to the required level of assessment set out in paragraph 128 of chapter 12 of the National Planning Policy Framework (see section 3.2.1).

Assumptions and Limitations 5.1.11 As outlined in Section 5.1.7 to 5.1.10, this assessment does not contain an exhaustive level of research into MetroGreen and does not replace the need for an archaeological DBA should this be requested by Gateshead Council following submission of a planning application.

5.1.12 This Archaeological Assessment accesses readily available sources to provide an indication of the archaeological potential of MetroGreen. As such, the limitations of such sources must be acknowledged. The HER plots the location of known archaeological assets, monuments and events, but this picture may be skewed by the levels of investigation across particular areas with more intensive research or archaeological investigation providing a higher level of information and disproportionately favouring the picture against neighbouring, uninvestigated parts of a site. Equally while cartographic evidence can provide important, detailed information pertaining to a site’s development, the accuracy and time between the production of certain maps can often lead to a false assumption that no development has occurred in an area.

5.2 Consultation 5.2.1 Tyne and Wear Archaeology Service were consulted at an early stage about the project and the nature of the assessment outlined. It was agreed that the scope of the assessment would be entirely archaeological, with no consideration given to the Built Heritage environment and potential impacts upon setting of monuments.

5.2.2 Study Areas were defined by Tyne and Wear Archaeology Service and particular attention drawn to the existence of the ‘Coal Mining remains at Dunston Hill’ (MG009) and Dunston Staithes (MG010). No particular archaeological constraints or concerns were identified within or around the site.

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6 Baseline

6.1 Geology 6.1.1 The sub-strata are predominantly alluvium, comprising clay, silt, sand and gravel. In addition, a band of glaciolacustrine deposits, devensian clay and silt runs along the South Eastern periphery of MetroGreen. These superficial deposits formed up to 2 million years ago in the Quaternary period and are characteristic of a local environment previously dominated by rivers.

6.1.2 Assessment of historic borehole data for the site reveals extensive areas of made ground across MetroGreen, in general varying from 1m to over 6.5m where noted. This made ground is often shown to seal deposits of alluvium. While the geological makeup of the site varies across the area, this alluvium often seals elements of peat, shown is some areas to be up to 6m deep. Peat developed following the Bronze Age and as such there is clear potential that this may seal earlier, waterlogged deposits and Paleoenvironmental information.

6.1.3 The Bedrock geology is formed of bands of the Pennine Lower Coal Measures Formation, with areas categorised as mudstone, siltstone and sandstone or as sandstone alone. These deposits are varyingly ascribed between 310 and 319 million years ago during the Carboniferous Period. They are characteristic of a local environment previously dominated by swamps, estuaries and deltas (British Geological Survey 2017).

6.1.4 Across Gateshead these deposits were exploited for coal, initially by primitive surface extraction before larger pits and shafts were sunk. While the evidence within the MetroGreen site for direct exploitation is limited, it seems likely this would have occurred on some scale where resources permitted.

6.2 Heritage Assets

Designated Sites within MetroGreen boundary 6.2.1 One heritage asset within the boundaries of MetroGreen is protected by statutory legislation (Figure 2):

● MG01: Former Parish School, Dunston Road - Grade II Listed Building. 6.2.2 There are no UNESCO World Heritage Sites, Scheduled Monuments, Conservation Areas, or Registered Parks and Gardens within the boundaries of the site.

Designated Sites within 500m of MetroGreen 6.2.3 Nine further designated heritage assets have been identified within 500m of the MetroGreen site (Figure 2). These include two Scheduled Monuments (Dunston Staithes (MG010) and the ‘Coal Mining Remains at Dunston Hill’ (MG009)), with the remainder protected as Listed Buildings. Dunston Staithes is protected as both a Scheduled Monument and a Category II Listed Building. Of the remaining seven sites, Axwell Park Dower House (MG002) and the Bridge over the River Derwent (MG003) are protected as Grade II* Listed Buildings, while the other designated heritage assets are Grade II Listed Buildings.

6.2.4 With the exception of the ‘Coal Mining remains at Dunston Hill’ (MG009) which have origins in the Elizabethan period, none of the Designated Heritage assets pre-date the mid-18th century. There are no designated sites which predate the post-Medieval period.

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6.2.5 Where relevant, these heritage assets are discussed in more detail in the baseline narrative.

6.2.6 There are no UNESCO World Heritage Sites, Scheduled Monuments, Conservation Areas, Registered battlefields, Designated Wrecks or Registered Parks and Gardens within the Study Area.

Non-designated sites within MetroGreen boundary 6.2.7 There are a total of 35 non-designated heritage assets recorded within the site boundary.

6.2.8 These predominantly relate to the site’s industrial history and can be dated to the Early Modern, or Modern periods.

6.2.9 The non-designated sites within the MetroGreen boundary can be generally divided into four broad categories:

● The small-scale exploitation of the landscape in the Medieval Period as evidenced by evidence of ridge and furrow (MG011) and records of the Swalwell Fishery on the River Derwent (MG091). ● Post-Medieval development of the site, (predominantly in the 18th century) witnessing proto- industrialisation through the appearance of lime kilns (MG089) and coke ovens (MG019) etc. This includes increased exploitation of coal and the construction of waggonways (such as MG128, MG135 and MG136) to transport this to the Tyne. ● The industrial development of the site in the Early Modern period following the industrial revolution. This period represents by far the largest number of non-designated sites ranging from the arrival of the railway (MG035 and MG048) to several Manufactories and Works dominated by the brick industry (including MG012, MG013 and MG016). ● Modern period including the protection of the area during World War II (MG092 and MG093) and subsequent development of Dunston Power Station (MG023), the Federation Brewery (MG022) and the Metrocentre (MG021). 6.2.10 All 35 non-designated Sites within the Study Area can be viewed in the Gazetteer, Appendix A with their locations plotted in Figure 3, Appendix B.

Non-Designated Sites within 500m 6.2.11 There are a further 91 non-designated heritage assets recorded within the 300m buffer around MetroGreen. The presence of these sites is used to inform the archaeological potential of the MetroGreen site. These assets are discussed where relevant in the baseline narrative.

6.3 Archaeological and historical development 6.3.1 The historic baseline is described in the following narrative based on the indicative archaeological and historical periods outlined in Table 1.

Table 1: Indicative archaeological and historical periods Prehistoric Period Dates Historic Period Dates Palaeolithic 500,000 to 10,000 BC Roman AD43 to 410 Late Glacial / Mesolithic 10,000 to 4,000 BC Early Medieval AD 410 to 1066 Neolithic / Early Bronze Age 4,000 to 1,600 BC Medieval AD 1066 to 1540 Middle Bronze Age 1,600 to 1,100 BC Post Medieval AD 1540 to 1800 Late Bronze Age 1,100 to 700 BC Early Modern AD 1801 - 1900 Early Iron Age 700 to 400 BC Modern AD 1901 to present

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Prehistoric Period Dates Historic Period Dates Middle Iron Age 400 to 100 BC Late Iron Age / Roman Transition 100 BC to AD 43

6.3.2 A full Gazetteer of all heritage assets within the defined study area can be found in Appendix A, with figures showing their locations included in Appendix B. Each heritage asset is attributed a corresponding unique reference number prefixed by an abbreviation of MetroGreen (‘MG’), which is shown within the text (e.g. MG01).

Prehistoric 6.3.3 There are no recorded prehistoric heritage assets within the MetroGreen site. However, several prehistoric artefacts have been recovered from the River Tyne immediately north of MetroGreen.

● MG108: River Tyne Bronze Rapier; ● MG109: King’s Meadows, Bronze Dagger; ● MG110: King’s Meadows, Bronze Spearhead; ● MG111: King’s Meadows, Horse Bit; and ● MG114; River Tyne, Log Boat. 6.3.4 These artefacts were recovered during dredging work or industrial related excavation on the banks of the Tyne between the mid-19th and early 20th centuries. As such, the provenance of these artefacts is not entirely certain. The log boat (MG114) has subsequently been lost. However, the presence of these high-status artefacts in the Tyne indicates the existence of an extensive and complex prehistoric society in the MetroGreen area from at least the Bronze Age.

6.3.5 The banks of the Tyne are likely to have been exploited by prehistoric peoples from the earliest periods, but most evidence of their activities is unlikely to have survived the development of Newcastle and Gateshead and the re-working of the Tyne’s river banks in the 19th century.

Roman 6.3.6 There are no Roman sites or finds recorded within the MetroGreen site or the wider Study Area.

6.3.7 Despite this, there is significant evidence of Roman occupation across the Tyne and Wear. The Roman Fort at Washingwells lies a short distance to the SE of MetroGreen at Whickham. Although unexcavated, this has been interpreted as a possible eastwards extension of the Stanegate frontier system dated to around AD100 (Moffat & Rosie 2005). This indicates a significant Roman presence south of the Tyne.

6.3.8 Hadrian’s Wall was constructed North of the Tyne from AD122 with forts erected at Newcastle and Wallsend. South Shields fort was positioned to the south of the Tyne, guarding the main sea route to Hadrian’s Wall. The Romans constructed a bridge at Newcastle and an associated settlement has been recorded at Bottle Bank, Gateshead (HER5633) which has produced pottery of 2nd and 3rd century date.

6.3.9 A Roman presence remained on Hadrian’s Wall to some degree until the 5th century AD.

Early Medieval 6.3.10 There are no sites or finds dated to the Early Medieval Period within the boundaries of the MetroGreen site or the wider Study Area, although it may be assumed that some form of settlement persisted around the Roman Bridge while this remained extant.

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Medieval 6.3.11 Areas of Ridge and Furrow (MG011) recorded within the MetroGreen site in aerial imagery from the 1940s have been interpreted as medieval in origin, demonstrating agricultural exploitation of the landscape in this period.

6.3.12 Swalwell (MG133) is noted c.1183 in a survey of land belonging to the Bishop of Durham, and recorded as a village held by William Swalwell in a survey of c.1382. Toponymy (the study of place names) indicates that Dunston too may have origins in this period.

6.3.13 The presence of fisheries and exploitation of the Tyne in the wider Study Area is firmly attested. The Bishop of Durham is recorded as having a fishery at the mouth of the Derwent in 1128 (MG094); Tynemouth Priory at Benwell on the North bank of the Tyne (MG113) is recorded three times between 1472 and 1608; while a fish weir is recorded below Swalwell (MG091) pre- 1551. This latter site was likely within the MetroGreen boundary.

Post-Medieval 6.3.14 Coal Mining in the Gateshead area is on record from the 14th century, promoted by the Bishop of Durham. However, this reached its peak in the 17th century (Moffat & Rosie 2005) and the industry subsequently contributed greatly to the industrial revolution and transformation of Gateshead and Newcastle.

6.3.15 Before the industrial revolution, the pattern is of small, localised mining sites, exploiting seams of coal through surface excavation or the sinking of ‘bell pits’. There are accounts of coal being transported to the Tyne for export, loaded onto the transport ships from staithes such as those at Swalwell, from at least the 16th century (MG097).

6.3.16 As coal resources near the Tyne became exhausted, deposits further inland were exploited and linked to the Tyne by a complex series of ‘waggonways’ (e.g. MG121, MG134 and MG135).

6.3.17 Lying to the South East of MetroGreen, the coal mining landscape at Dunston Hill (MG009) provides evidence for the nature of mining in this period. Known to have been exploited from at least the Elizabethan period, this site was exhausted by 1650. Protected as a Scheduled Monument, it provides evidence for the extraction of coal directly from the surface and transportation of this on ‘waggonways’ to the Tyne.

6.3.18 The advent of new technology and pumping engines in the 18th century provided further impetus to coal extraction around MetroGreen. This clearly led to an increase in population coupled with an increase in wealth in the area. Proto-industrialisation and development can also be seen in the appearance of the Swalwell Lime Kilns (MG089), Holme Mill (MG100) and more significantly, Dunston Crowley’s Iron Works (MG028).

6.3.19 Throughout this period the majority of the MetroGreen site remained undeveloped agricultural land.

Early Modern 6.3.20 Like many towns, the industrial revolution transformed Gateshead. The proximity of coal to the Tyne boosted development, with a variety of new industries appearing, particularly chemical manufacture (MG030), brickworks (including MG012, MG013 and MG016) and iron founding (MG10122). These sites predominantly clustered around the western edge of Dunston in the north east of MetroGreen; along the southern bank of the Tyne; and around the Derwent.

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6.3.21 Coal mining in the area remained important, with Dunston Staithes (MG010) being a late 19th century example of those from which coal was loaded onto transport vessels on the Tyne. Other included Garesfield Staithe (MG078) and the Derwenthaugh Staithes (MG077).

6.3.22 The industrialisation of the MetroGreen area was also accompanied by the development of the railway, notably the Newcastle to Carlisle Railway (MG120), The Swalwell Branch (MG048) and The Redcleugh Branch (MG035). The Newcastle and Carlisle Railway opened in 1837 and was the first railway to provide passenger facilities at intermediate stations.

6.3.23 Industrialisation and urbanisation occurred simultaneously and the population of Gateshead rose consequently. From 8,597 in 1801, the census recorded the population as 85,692 in 1891 (Taylor & Lovie 2004). While much of MetroGreen remained undeveloped, the expansion of Dunston saw the need for further school provision and the Dunston Road Parish School (MG010 was constructed in 1818.

Modern 6.3.24 Dunston Power Station (MG023) was opened on the southern bank of the Tyne in 1931 and subsequently extended in 1951. This lay in the northern part of the MetroGreen site. This vast complex was demolished in the 1980s and 1990s.

6.3.25 During World War II, the industrial centre of Tyneside was strategically important and as such efforts were made to provide some defence for the site. Two pillboxes (MG092 and MG093) and a barrage balloon (MG049) emplacement have been recorded within the MetroGreen site and a further barrage balloon site within the wider Study Area (MG037).

6.3.26 The site is today dominated by the Metrocentre (MG021). Opened in 1987, this shopping centre was at one stage the largest out of town shopping centre in Europe. The opening of the Metrocentre confirmed the change in focus of the area from industry to commerce and retail. Subsequent development has seen the creation of the Metro Retail Park and numerous other large retail premises.

6.3.27 As the site became less important as an industrial centre, many of the buildings and former factories were abandoned and demolished. While areas of MetroGreen have been re- developed, many plots of land remain as brownfield sites following this demolition.

6.4 Map Regression

Pre-Ordnance Survey Maps 6.4.1 The Ordnance Survey began producing maps of the MetroGreen site in the mid-19th century. While these are the first what can be considered entirely accurate depictions of the area, earlier maps can provide an indication as to historic levels of occupation and exploitation of a site.

6.4.2 Produced in 1611, John Speed’s ‘Map of Durham’ contains very little detail, but it does show the MetroGreen site with no significant settlement depicted.

6.4.3 Equally the MetroGreen site is clearly discernible on Christopher Greenwood’s ‘Map of the County Palatine of Durham’ from 1820. The area east of the River Derwent and west of Dunston is shown as entirely devoid of settlement.

6.4.4 William Collard’s ‘Map of the Country round Newcastle upon Tyne’ from 1838 presents the same picture, with only the railway running through the site along the southern bank of the Tyne indicative of human presence.

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1st edition Ordnance Survey 6 inch to 1 mile (1862) 6.4.5 The Ordnance Survey first surveyed Gateshead in 1856, publishing their work in 1862. The six inch to 1 mile series provides the first accurate, cartographic view of the MetroGreen area. The picture presented is of a rural, agricultural landscape yet to be influenced by industrialisation and the urban spread of Newcastle and Gateshead (Map 1). Much of the site is occupied by a series of irregular fields and crossed by numerous established land boundaries as indicated by the depiction of mature trees. A large island, ‘The King’s Meadows’ is shown in the centre of the Tyne, serviced by a ferry from the north bank.

6.4.6 Only at the western and eastern ends of the site is there evidence for occupation and nascent urbanisation. Industry is becoming apparent around the River Derwent, with a number of manufacturing bases including mills, brickworks and coke ovens. A railway line or waggonway runs south along the western bank of the Derwent.

Map 1: Composite view of the 1st edition OS Series overlaid by the modern MetroGreen boundary. Note the rural nature of the site. 6.4.7 At the eastern end of MetroGreen, settlement is apparent along the southern bank of the River Tyne. The Redheugh Branch of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway is notable along the northern perimeter of the MetroGreen site, while a spur running south is formed by the Swalwell branch of the railway on the eastern side of the River Derwent.

6.4.8 The Grade II Listed ‘Former Parish School’ (MG01) is clearly labelled as ‘Parochial School’ at the eastern end of the site.

2nd edition Ordnance Survey (1897-99) 6.4.9 The publication of the 2nd edition map series from 1897-99 the MetroGreen shows a site that has not changed significantly, although it is notable that work has clearly taken place to dredge and formalise the Tyne, removing the ‘King’s Meadow’ island from the River to the north. However, the picture is of the same pattern of field boundaries, with little increase in urbanisation (Map 2).

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6.4.10 At the western end of the site, the footprint of the brickworks on the eastern bank of the River Derwent has increased, yet the industrialised area essentially remains confined to the same areas west of the now Low Swalwell Branch line as was the case in 1862. The Delta Iron Works has increased in scale in the north west of the site.

Map 2: Composite view of the 2nd edition OS Series overlaid by the modern MetroGreen boundary. Note the site remains rural in nature. 6.4.11 The Dunston urban area at the eastern edge of the MetroGreen site has expanded westwards, with the Atlas Rivet Works (MG027) now clearly depicted as well as three large bodies of water to the east of it. The function of these is unclear, but it is possible they are the result of localised quarrying. The industrial exploitation of the River Tyne is also apparent around Dunston with a ‘Landing Stage’ now built next to Dunston Engine Works (MG026) and the first phase of the Dunston Staithes (MG10) visible a short distance to the east of the MetroGreen site. Numerous ‘cranes’ are also marked adjacent to the Tyne, with the factories and industrial sites such as Dunston Saw Mills (MG024) fed by branches of the railway.

3rd edition Ordnance Survey (1919-20) 6.4.12 The 3rd edition OS map series was surveyed before World War I, but wasn’t published until 1919 and 1920. While there are significant developments in the MetroGreen site, the area between Dunston and the River Derwent remains predominantly agricultural, with the same pattern of fields visible in 1862 (Map 3).

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Map 3: Composite view of the 3rd edition OS Series overlaid by the modern MetroGreen boundary. Note the re-alignment of the railway and increasing industrialisation of the site. 6.4.13 The most obvious development is the increase and re-alignment of the rail network. The Redheugh Branch of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway has become the Derwenthaugh Branch of the North Eastern Railway (NER). This is now a complex series of track and spurs and has deviated significantly from the northern bank of the Tyne to assume the present course of the modern railway in MetroGreen, sweeping south east around Dunston. A branch of the NER labelled the ‘Atlas Curve’ continues NE, returning to the banks of the Tyne into Dunston. Spurs from this part of the network service various industrial sites including the pre-existing ‘Atlas Rivet Works’, but also the Dunston Grease and Candle Company (MG025), the Dunston Engine Works (MG026) and others. One of the industrial sites linked by the new railway network is the building complex that became known as the Dunston A Power station (MG023).

6.4.14 At the western end of MetroGreen the changes are not so apparent, but the rail network around the further expanded Delta Iron Works is greatly increased, while the Garesfield and Chopwell Railway on the western bank of the River Derwent has increased significantly in scale and capacity.

6.4.15 The changes to the railway network are clearly linked to the expansion of the local population and the continued development of heavy industry on the southern banks of the Tyne. The movement of the main railway south from the banks of the Tyne has allowed the creation of a basin here and the West Dunston Coal Staithes. The developing importance of the Iron and Steel industry is also clearly visible with the expansion of the Delta Iron Works and appearance of the Stobie Steel Works, Dunston Metal Works and others.

4th edition Ordnance Survey (1939-47) 6.4.16 Like the 3rd edition, publication of many of the 4th edition OS maps were delayed by the outbreak of war, this time World War II. Surveyed before 1940, two of the maps covering the site were not published until 1947.

6.4.17 While the development, urbanisation and industrialisation of the MetroGreen site continues to be apparent around the periphery, the core remains the agricultural landscape first noted in the 1st edition maps of 1862.

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6.4.18 The only major change to the agricultural core of MetroGreen has resulted from the creation of a ‘Reservoir’ at the south eastern part of the site. Surrounded by a large, raised bund, this rectangular and sub-divided area is linked to the main railway by a spur labelled ‘Mineral Railway’. The reservoir is presumably associated with the nearby Dunston Coal Works or the Dunston B Power Station, built on the south bank of the Tyne a short distance to the West of the Dunston A Power Station (MG023). Like Dunston A, Dunston B is linked to what is now labelled as The London North Eastern Railway (LNER) Gateshead, Norwood and Blaydon line. A series of associated electricity pylons also cross through MetroGreen, predominantly around Dunston.

6.4.19 Dunston itself has not expanded further westwards. The Atlas Rivet Works is now accompanied by a neighbouring site labelled ‘Atlas Works (Concrete Products)’. The Dunston Coal Staithes are now marked as ‘disused’.

6.4.20 At the western end of MetroGreen both the Garesfield and Chopwell Railway and the Low Swalwell branch of the LNER have increased in scale.

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7 Constraints

7.1 Key Issues 7.1.1 The evidence presented in the baseline indicates occupation of the MetroGreen and Gateshead area from at least the Bronze Age. However, this evidence is limited, and the history of MetroGreen is dominated by coal extraction and the development of the site following the industrial revolution. The baseline data and cartographic evidence clearly show a site which is predominantly rural in nature before the middle of the 20th century.

7.1.2 The key issues in assessing the constraints affecting development are:

● The likelihood of previously unknown archaeological deposits existing within the MetroGreen site, including the possibility that deeply stratified paleoenvironmental or archaeological deposits exist within the alluvial geology of the Tyne; ● The importance of the known archaeological and historical sites that are on record in MetroGreen; and ● The likelihood of previously recorded and unrecorded heritage assets having survived the landscaping, construction and use of MetroGreen in the 20th century.

7.2 Archaeological Potential

Overview 7.2.1 Whilst it is possible that archaeological remains pre-dating the mid-18th century may exist in MetroGreen, there is little evidence in the immediate landscape and potential for this must generally be considered low.

7.2.2 The coal mining history of the area as represented by the Waggonways is significant, particularly where these relate to the early development of the railways. In addition, the early industrial sites in MetroGreen have significant archaeological potential; to inform understanding of the industrial revolution in Gateshead.

7.2.3 The potential Development Areas are each addressed in turn below, and the archaeological potential of each area assessed. This assessment can also be viewed in the constraints plan, Figure 1.

Area 1A 7.2.4 Situated on the western bank of the River Derwent, Area 1A is a brownfield site with no existing development. The extensive rail network of the Garesfield and Chopwell Railway occupied much of the site in the 20th century and are likely to have removed any trace of the earlier waggonways on the site.

7.2.5 Archaeological potential: Low.

Area 1B 7.2.6 Area 1B lies on the eastern bank of the River Derwent and is currently occupied by industrial premises. In the mid-19th century the southern and western part of this site was occupied by the ‘Firebrick Works’, the ‘Lampblack Manufactory’ and the ‘Axwell Park Firebrick Works’.

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Subsequent development is likely to have removed all traces of this early industrial site, although it is possible features may survive in the southern part of the site.

7.2.7 Archaeological potential: Low

Area 1C 7.2.8 Area 1C is known as the ‘Hurrocks’, or ‘Huttocks’ historically.

7.2.9 The Western Ways Waggonway and the Derwenthaugh Waggonway are recorded as crossing this area in the 18th century, travelling north towards the Tyne. Subsequently, this area appears to have been entirely devoted to small-scale agriculture.

7.2.10 As there has been no significant development on this site, there is a degree of archaeological potential as any pre-existing archaeological features will have survived intact. This may mean that remains of the historic Waggonways have been preserved.

7.2.11 Archaeological potential: Moderate

Area 1D 7.2.12 Area 1D is split by the River Derwent, the course of which can be seen to alter slightly over the course of the map regression. There is no indication of any use of the western side of the Derwent other than for small-scale agriculture. On the eastern side there is a ‘Naphtha Factory, a ‘Saw Mill’ and some small ancillary structures and allotments along the southern edge.

7.2.13 There is some potential for the saw mill and ancillary structures to have survived the site’s subsequent use, although the value of these features is likely to be minimal.

7.2.14 Archaeological potential: Low

Area 2A 7.2.15 Located along the southern bank of the River Tyne, Area 2A was once crossed by the Newcastle to Carlisle Railway. However, between 1897 and c.1919 this was moved south and the northern part of Area 2A adjacent to the Tyne became a large basin. This will have removed all features related to the railway as well as any other pre-existing archaeological deposits.

7.2.16 Archaeological potential: Low

Area 2B 7.2.17 Area 2B is located on the site of Dunston Power Station. This 20th century industrial complex is likely to have directly impacted upon and removed any potential archaeological features or deposits

7.2.18 Archaeological potential: Negligible

Area 2C 7.2.19 Historically Area 2C was divided into fields, crossed in 1837 by the Newcastle to Carlisle Railway. By the first half of the 20th century the site was occupied by Dunston Power Station along the western side, and the Dunston Oil, Grease and Candle Factory across the eastern. These large industrial complexes are likely to have removed any archaeological potential for this site.

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7.2.20 Archaeological potential: Negligible

Area 2D 7.2.21 The history of Area 2D is one that is dominated by the presence of the railway. There is no record of occupation prior to the arrival of the Redheugh Branch of the Newcastle to Carlisle Railway and this early route is subsequently replaced by the Derwenthaugh Branch of the NER and the spur known as the ‘Atlas Curve’.

7.2.22 It is possible that structural elements of the Redheugh Branch of the Newcastle to Carlisle Railway will have survived subsequent development, but the likelihood of significant archaeological features surviving on site is low.

7.2.23 Archaeological potential: Low

Area 2E 7.2.24 Much of Area 2E is reclaimed land with no archaeological concerns or restraints. A strip of ground along the southern perimeter of the site once formed the south bank of the River Tyne and is depicted on the 1st edition map of 1862 occupied by a dense concentration of small buildings including a ‘smithy’. The site subsequently contained a saw mill. While isolated pockets of survival may remain, it seems likely that any evidence of these earlier structures will have been compromised by the landscaping and later industrial history of the site.

7.2.25 Archaeological potential: Low

Area 2F 7.2.26 There HER records show two historic Waggonways cross a part of Area 2F. The Northbanks, Blackburn Waggonway runs from north to south across the area, while a western arm of the Whickham Grand Lease Waggonway cross the north eastern corner.

7.2.27 The 1st edition OS map shows Site 2F as split between the concentrated urban area of Dunston occupying the northern part of the site adjacent to the railway, and undeveloped farmland to the south. This urban settlement contains the Grade II Listed Parish School on Dunston Road. By the late 19th century, this has expanded further with a row of terraced houses constructed along Railway Terrace. However, by 1939-47, the majority of this area has changed, with the buildings demolished. The ‘Precast Concrete Works’ occupies the centre of the site adjacent to the former Parish School.

7.2.28 Site 2F today is a mix of developments and buildings, but there are clearly areas where the is potential for structural elements relating to the early occupation of the site to survive. These include:

● The western edge of the site where areas of vacant land are likely to contain the remains of the houses which once lined Railway Terrace; ● The centre of the plot around the historic Mill Street; ● The south eastern area where Bute Hall once stood. There is no subsequent indication of development in this area; ● It is possible that remains of the Northbanks, Blackburn Waggonway (MG131 – 1669-1723) may survive in the south east of the site around Bute Hall; and ● The northern perimeter of the site where the remains of the Carlisle to Newcastle Railway may survive. 7.2.29 Archaeological potential: Moderate

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Area 2G 7.2.30 There are no archaeological or sites of historic interest recorded within Area 2G. While there remains the possibility that previously unrecorded archaeological deposits may be present within the Area, there is little evidence at present to indicate this and subsequent 20th century development on the site will likely have compromised these.

7.2.31 Archaeological potential: Negligible

Area 2H 7.2.32 No archaeological sites or sites of historic interest have been recorded within Area 2H. Had any unrecorded archaeological sites have existed, these will almost certainly have been compromised by 20th century development on the site.

7.2.33 Archaeological potential: Negligible

Area 2I 7.2.34 In 1862 Area 2I is predominantly agricultural land, with a dense cluster of buildings in the north east corner of the site marked as ‘Great Square’ and ‘Little Square’. By 1897-99 the ‘Atlas Rivet Works’ has been constructed and the re-routing of the railway by c.1919 means that this ran along the western and northern sides of Area 2I.

7.2.35 Elements of railway infrastructure may survive along the north and west boundary of the site, but it seems likely that much of Area 2I has been compromised by 20th century development.

7.2.36 Archaeological potential: Low

Area 2J 7.2.37 There are no sites of archaeological or historical significance within the boundaries of Area 2J. Construction of the ‘Dunston Metal Works’ and subsequently the ‘Synthetic Resin Works’ in the 20th century will also have impacted upon ground conditions. It is possible that previously unrecorded archaeological deposits may survive in isolated areas of the site, but the archaeological potential of Area 2J is considered low.

7.2.38 Archaeological potential: Low

Area 2K 7.2.39 There are no recorded archaeological sites within the boundaries of Area 2K prior to the creation of the Derwenthaugh Branch of the NER and the adjoining West Dunston Staiths Branch of the NER prior to 1914. While this area has been landscaped, it is possible that remains associated with these railway lines will survive, but overall, these are considered of limited archaeological interest.

7.2.40 Archaeological potential: Negligible

Area 2L 7.2.41 Area 2L is located on the southern part of the Dunston Power Station complex. There is no record of any utilisation of the site prior to 1914/1920, when the OS depict a ‘Steel Foundry’. This and subsequent use of the site as part of the Power Station complex will have compromised any pre-existing archaeological deposits.

7.2.42 Archaeological potential: Low

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Area 3A 7.2.43 There are no recorded heritage assets within Area 3A. Had any unrecorded archaeological sites have existed, these will almost certainly have been destroyed by the construction of the Metrocentre in 1987.

7.2.44 Archaeological potential: Negligible

Area 3B 7.2.45 The Western Ways, Hollinside Waggonway crossed ran into the south eastern part of Area 3B between 1692 and 1710. The cartographic analysis showed Area 3B to be devoid of historic occupation, with only the Swalwell Branchline running along the western perimeter of this area being present on the 1st edition OS map of 1862.

7.2.46 Whilst it is possible that isolated pockets of evidence relating to this or unrecorded features may survive amongst the complex of buildings presently on site, the scale of 20th century development means the archaeological potential for Area 3B is considered low.

7.2.47 Archaeological potential: Low

Area 3C 7.2.48 Area 3C is located in the north western limit of the site where the Derwent meets the Tyne. Today this site is almost entirely developed. Historically this was not the case until the Delta Iron Works was constructed on the banks of the Tyne before 1897. The subsequent huge expansion of this complex has affected the archaeological potential of the western half of Area 3C. While pockets of undisturbed land may still exist across the remainder of Area 3C, the 20th century developments are likely to have compromised the potential of this area.

7.2.49 Archaeological potential: Negligible

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8 Interrelation with Other Topic Themes

8.1.1 This Topic Theme is potentially interrelated to the other Topic Themes as follows:

Table 2: Interrelation with other Topic Themes Topic Theme Interrelation Outline Details Flood Risk and Water Management Yes The archaeological potential along the Tyne has been generally categorised as low/negligible. However, the potential for paleoenvironmental archaeological deposits within the alluvial geology is notable. Consideration should be given to this during any works associated with flood risk arising from the Tyne, specifically if piling is proposed. Transport and Accessibility Yes New roads and transport corridors have the potential to disrupt archaeological deposits. Consideration given to broad categorisation of archaeological potential – a focussed DBA would be required to identify constraints in advance of development. Green infrastructure and Natural Yes Consideration given to broad categorisation of Environment archaeological potential – a focussed DBA would be required to identify constraints in advance of development. Homes Yes New housing development has the potential to disrupt archaeological deposits. Consideration given to broad categorisation of archaeological potential – a focussed DBA would be required to identify constraints in advance of development. Office, Retail and Leisure Yes New roads and transport development has the potential to disrupt archaeological deposits. Consideration given to broad categorisation of archaeological potential – a focussed DBA would be required to identify constraints in advance of development. Energy Utilities and Social Infrastructure Yes Consideration given to broad categorisation of archaeological potential – a focussed DBA would be required to identify constraints in advance of development. Contamination No n/a Viability and Delivery No n/a Spatial Framework No n/a Consultation Yes Tyne and Wear Archaeology Service will be consulted in advance of any development proposals. Given the absence of Grade I Listed Buildings, Scheduled Monuments etc. it will not be necessary to consult with Historic England on specific planning proposals. However, this may be considered worthwhile for larger scale assessments. Noise Desk Top Assessment Yes Potential noise impact on Grade II Listed Building should be included as part of any detailed assessment. Air Quality Desktop Assessment No n/a Archaeology Desktop Assessment n/a n/a

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9 Conclusions

9.1 Overview 9.1.1 The history of the MetroGreen site is one that is dominated by coal extraction and industrial development. Assessment of the site’s history has shown that while there is some evidence of occupation in the area prior to the post-medieval period, it seems clear that MetroGreen was predominantly an agricultural landscape prior to the 19th century.

9.1.2 The archaeological evidence for prehistoric occupation of the MetroGreen area is limited and confined to several high-status artefacts recorded during dredging and construction work on the Tyne in the 19th and early 20th centuries. However, assessment of the geological data indicates the potential for buried prehistoric landscapes and paleoenvironmental material, preserved by the build-up of alluvium and overlying made ground.

9.1.3 There is no direct evidence for coal extraction within MetroGreen itself, but several Waggonways cross the periphery of the site en route to the Tyne. However, it seems unlikely that evidence of these important routes has survived.

9.1.4 The main part of the MetroGreen site remained agricultural until the middle of the 20th century. Early industrial centres around Dunston and the River Derwent have potential to inform understanding of this important period of Gateshead’s history, but like the Redheugh Branch of the Carlisle to Newcastle Railway, the subsequent development of the site is likely to have removed all traces of these.

9.1.5 The archaeological potential of the MetroGreen site is predominantly low. It is likely there are isolated pockets and areas of the site where archaeological features may survive, and as such it is recommended that a focussed archaeological DBA is completed at the detailed planning stage and in advance of any proposed development on the site.

9.2 Future Work 9.2.1 As discussed in Section 5.1.8, this Archaeological Assessment does not replace the need for a DBA should one be requested by Tyne and Wear Archaeology Service acting on behalf of Gateshead Council as part of the planning process. Such a DBA would be closely tied to development proposals; assessing the history of the specific development site in greater depth; understanding the likelihood of archaeological survival on specific parts of the site; and analysing how the proposed development will impact on this archaeological resource.

9.2.2 When such development is proposed, it is recommended that consultation takes place with Tyne and Wear Archaeology Service at an early stage to discuss their requirements and request a Specification for an Archaeological DBA.

9.2.3 Such a DBA would likely require as a minimum an analysis of:

● The NRHE held by Historic England; ● The NHLE; ● The Tyne and Wear HER; ● Durham records Office; ● Other relevant archives including Durham University Library; ● Goad Fire Insurance Plans;

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● Relevant published and unpublished documentary sources; ● Cartographic resources, particularly those pre-dating the OS; ● Geological data as held by BGS; ● Aerial images; and ● LIDAR 9.2.4 Particular focus should be paid to the Paleoenvironmental potential of the site. The development proposals should be assessed concomitant with a detailed analysis of borehole data for the specific development area.

9.2.5 Any DBA would be accompanied by a site visit recording current site conditions to inform the assessment of archaeological potential. A DBA may also recommend further archaeological evaluation or investigation based on a detailed and in-depth analysis of a site’s history analysed in conjunction with the proposed plans for a site.

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10 References

10.1 Bibliography

Documentary 10.1.1 The Archaeological Practice Ltd 2012, ‘Mandela Way, Dunston, Gateshead: Archaeological Desk Based Assessment’, unpublished Grey Literature Report

10.1.2 Archaeological Services Durham University 2017, ‘Land at Derwenthaugh Road, Swalwell, Tyne and Wear: Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment’

10.1.3 Holland, Kirsten MCIfA 2017, ‘St. Omer’s Road, Dunston, Gateshead: Archaeology and Heritage Desk Based Assessment’

10.1.4 Moffat, Alistair & Rosie, George 2005 ‘Tyneside: A History of Newcastle and Gateshead from Earliest Times’, Edinburgh

10.1.5 Taylor, Simon & Lovie, David B 2004, ‘Gateshead: Architecture in a Changing English Urban Landscape’, English Heritage, London

Legislation and Guidance 10.1.6 Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA) 2015 ‘Standards and Guidance for Historic Desk- based Assessment’

10.1.7 Gateshead Council 2007, ‘Unitary Development Plan’

10.1.8 Gateshead Council 2015 ‘MetroGreen Area Action Plan; Final Scoping Report’

10.1.9 Gateshead Council 2015 ‘MetroGreen: Options Report’

10.1.10 Gateshead Council 2015, ‘Planning for the Future – Core Strategy and Urban Core Plan for Gateshead and Newcastle upon Tyne, 2010-2030’

10.1.11 Gateshead Council 2017, ‘Making Spaces for Growing Places, Draft Plan’

10.1.12 Historic England 2008, ‘Conservation Principles, Policies and Guidance’

10.1.13 Historic England 2015, ‘Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning Note 3: The Setting of Heritage Assets’

10.1.14 Petts, D and Gerrard, C 2006 ‘Shared Visions: The North-East Regional Research Framework for the Historic Environment’

10.1.15 UK Government 1979 ‘Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act’

10.1.16 UK Government 1990, ‘Planning (Listed Building and Conservation Areas) Act’

10.1.17 UK Government 2012, ‘National Planning Policy Framework’

10.1.18 UK Government 2018, ‘National Planning Policy Framework – Draft Text for Consultation’

Cartographic Resources 10.1.19 (1611) John Speed, ‘Map of Durham’

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen 28 Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

10.1.20 (1807) M Lambert Plan of the Rivers Tyne and Wear with the collieries, wagonways and straiths thereon, and the principal roads and villages. Also a plan of Newcastle Upon Tyne.’

10.1.21 (1820) Christopher Greenwood, ‘Map of the County Palatine of Durham’

10.1.22 (1838) William Collard, ‘Map of the Country round Newcastle upon Tyne’’

10.1.23 (1862) First Edition County Series, Ordnance Survey Maps

10.1.24 (1864) J. Christie ‘Christie’s new plan of Newcastle Upon Tyne and Gateshead’

10.1.25 (1897) Second Edition County Series, Ordnance Survey Maps

10.1.26 (1919) Third Edition County Series, Ordnance Survey Maps

10.1.27 (1939) Fourth Edition County Series, Ordnance Survey Maps

Digital Resources 10.1.28 http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archsearch/ - accessed 21/11/17

10.1.29 http://www.bgs.ac.uk/ - accessed 18/11/17

10.1.30 http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk

10.1.31 http://maps.nls.uk/ - accessed 21/11/17

10.1.32 https://newcastlecollection.newcastle.gov.uk/maps - accessed 210/11/17

10.1.33 http://www.twsitelines.info/ - accessed 20 – 27/11/17

Report/Final/Superseded/377771_MetrogreenGateshead_DBA Report/Final/Superseded/377771_MetrogreenGateshead_DBA https://mottmac.sharepoint.com/teams/pj 377771 1Stage Evidence Plan Area Action MacDonald Mott

Archaeological Assessment Report Assessment Archaeological

| Appendix A - Gazetteer

30 April 2018 30 April

MetroGreen Table 3: Cultural Heritage baseline Gazetteer Unique HER Status Designation Name Description Period Within

Ref No. No. Ref Site? MG001 8364 LB II LB 1355141 Former Parish School, School, now workshops. Dated 1818. Coursed squared sandstone with Early Yes Dunston Road large quoins and ashlar dressings; low-pitched Welsh slate roof with flat Modern

- b6118/do/Develop/Stage 1 b6118/do/Develop/Stage stone gable copings. One storey, 8 bays. Recessed 4-panelled door under stone lintel in bay 8. MG002 6023 LB II* LB 1184875 Axwell Park Dower House. C.1770-80. Possibly by John Bell of Durham; for Sir Thomas Post No House Clavering. Coursed squared sandstone with ashlar dressings; steeply pitched Medieval roof of Lakeland slate. Gothick style. Main house 2 storeys, 3 bays; 2 storey one-bay set-back at left, one-storey one-bay set-back at right. Main block: plinth; central half-glazed door under 2-centred-arched fanlight, in raised

Final Final stone surround with impost blocks, flanked by one-storey canted bays of 3 windows under moulded coped parapets; Venetian windows and central sash

Archaeological Assessment/DBA Assessment/DBA Archaeological

on first floor; all windows pointed with lattice glazing bars and raised stone

RC.docx surrounds. Eaves cornice and open crenellated parapet to hipped roof with 3- light casement dormer; 2 ridge and one rear square panelled, corniced ashlar chimneys. Set-back at left has pointed arched window central on ground

floor, 3-light casement above; door similar to main door at right; set-back at right has similar door at left and window at right; crenellated parapets. Interior shows dog-leg stair with ramped grip handrail, turned balusters and decorated tread ends. Round-headed stair window has broad glazing bars. Original 6-panelled doors and architraves throughout. MG003 3630 LB II* LB 1355119 Bridge over the river Road bridge. 1779 for Gateshead - Hexham Turnpike. Derwent Bridge Post No Derwent (Bridge No. carried a toll road, (SMR 3644), over the Derwent at Swalwell. Stone arched Medieval 761) bridge with pentagonal voussoirs and stone soffit over River Derwent to north of modern road bridge {2}. Attractive, of stone, and visible from Axwell Park. Coursed squared sandstone. Rusticated voussoirs to 3 arches, the central one larger; bands to 2-pointed cut-waters, incurved above to canted refuges having 3 large panels in raised surrounds; similar bands and panelling to abutments. Corbel table to band at high-centred road bed level; round-coped parapet. 4 square piers at parapet ends have high curved coping on band. Sources Newcastle Courant 8 June 1776 and 4 July 1778. MG004 11354 LB II LB 1379968 Old Bridge End Cottage GV II Toll cottage, now house. 1779, with C19 and C20 additions. Built for Post No the Gateshead to Hexham Turnpike. Dressed sandstone, rendered and Medieval painted with ashlar dressings. Welsh slate roof with ashlar coped gables and single gable stack, plus two added stacks. Single storey plus attic. Main east front has 3-light sliding sash window with C20 exterior shutters on ground floor and similar 2-light sliding sash above also with shutters, addition to right has glazed panel door. Early-nineteenth century addition to left has south elevation with 3-light casement window, also with C20 external shutters.

04 Twentieth century addition to left has north front with large 3-light casement Report Assessment Archaeological

A window, and single light similar window to left.

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MG005 LB II LB 1437836 'Derwent Walk Express' Frieze in polychrome relief, installed on a C19 bridge abutment and approach Modern No MetroGreen and supporting bridge spans; 1986 by Andy Frost. abutment and approach

spans

MG006 8366 LB II LB 1366091 War Memorial War Memorial. 1918 by W.H. Wood. Ashlar with inscribed Lakeland slate Unknown No panels. Octagonal; Perpendicular style. Wide step to double-chamfered pedestal inscribed UNVEILED BY THE RT. HON. EARL OF DURHAM K.C. LORD LIEUTENANT EASTER MONDAY 1918, (sic) and bearing 9 panels of

- b6118/do/Develop/Stage 1 b6118/do/Develop/Stage names of dead of two World Wars. Low-relief lettering in band above panels; sloped coping supports moulded and coped buttresses defining ogee-headed panels containing blank shields under string. Foliage decoration to tall tapered shaft with cross finial. MG007 8176 LB II LB 1025143 Whickham Thorns House. Mid C18. Sandstone rubble with large quoins; pantiled roof with 2 Post No Farmhouse corniced end brick chimneys. 2 storeys, 3 windows. Central bay has 2 C19 Medieval doors inserted under flat stone lintel. All windows altered casements in

Final Final chamfered stone surrounds. Roof has low gable parapet formed by large stepped stones. Rear one-storey one-bay offshot under catslide roof has

Archaeological Assessment/DBA Assessment/DBA Archaeological

folding boarded door with external flight of stone steps to boarded kitchen

RC.docx entrance. Interior: C19 staircase; doors boarded over. MG008 8172 LB II LB 1025138 Dunston, White Gate House, late C18. Brick with ashlar dressings and quoins; pantiled roof, with Post No

flat stone gable copings on block kneelers. 2 storeys, 3 windows. Central 4- Medieval panelled door and sash windows with glazing bars in stop-chamfered raised stone surrounds. 2 corniced MG009 1666 SM SM 1018227 Coal mining remains at An extensive mining landscape where coal was extracted directly form the Medieval No Dunston Hill surface using very simple methods. Such landscapes, once widespread, are / Post now rare. Medieval Known to have been exploited by at least the Elizabethan Period, with the main seam exhausted by 1650. MG010 1001 SM SM 1005898 Dunston Staithes A landing stage for loading and unloading boats. Built by the NE Railway in Early No LB II LB 1248994 2 stages (1893-1903). The only remaining substantial timber staithes in the Modern region and last working example on the Tyne. MG011 11489 HER Blaydon Burn, ridge and Ridge and furrow of Medieval or Post Medieval date mapped from aerial Medieval Yes furrow photographs of 1946. Some earthworks have been destroyed by later developments, others near the south bank of the River Tyne have been levelled. MG012 3466 HER Derwent Haugh, Brick Brick and Tilemaking Site Early Yes Field Modern MG013 3472 HER Axwell Park Firebrick Axwell Park Firebrick Manufactory. 1850-1906 Hannington’s yard Early Yes Manufactory Modern MG014 3471 HER Derwent Haugh, Lampblack Manufactory. Early Yes Lampblack Manufactory Modern

04 MG015 1634 HER Derwent Haugh, This historic site closed only fairly recently. Although the unusual kilns have Modern Yes Ar

chaeological Assessment Report Assessment chaeological

A Adamse (Formerly been demolished, some of the pantile roofed drying and manufacturing

| 30 April 2018 30 April Ramsay's) Fireclay buildings still survive {1}. In 1830, G H Ramsay and Company built a new Works brickyard alongside Derwent Gut. MetroGreen MG016 3469 HER Derwent Haugh, Firebrick Works shown on First Edition onwards. Early Yes

Firebrick Works Modern

MG017 3641 HER Derwent Gut The Derwent Gut. An artificial waterway from near High Forge (SMR 3640) Post Yes to the Derwent north of Swalwell. Medieval MG018 5984 HER Snowball's Firebrick These firebrick works are shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. Early Yes

- b6118/do/Develop/Stage 1 b6118/do/Develop/Stage Works 1876-1938 (May be the same as SMR3462 or SMR3469) Modern

MG019 3473 HER Derwent Haugh, Coke Coke Ovens. Early Yes Ovens Modern MG020 11679 HER Gateshead, ridge and Post medieval ridge and furrow seen on air photographs. Levelled and built Post Yes furrow over. Medieval MG021 10866 HER Metro Centre The Metro Centre, which opened in 1987, was designed by Ronald Modern Yes

- Chipchase & Associates 1987. At this time, the 2.25 million sq ft complex

Final Final was the largest out-of-town shopping centre in Europe and was renowned for

Archaeological Assessment/DBA Assessment/DBA Archaeological its indoor theme park

RC.docx MG022 4498 HER The Federation Brewery The Federation began brewing in Hanover Square, Newcastle in 1921 but Modern Yes moved to Dunston because there was no room for expansion at Newcastle. A new 20 million brewery opened in 1980.

MG023 1625 HER Dunston Power Station Opened 1931, to the designs of Merz-McLellan for NESCO, and the first Modern Yes power station to have a simple structural frame and glass curtain wall construction. Extended in 1951 MG024 16457 HER Dunston timber yard Timber yard shown on the second edition ordnance survey plan, 1898. The Early Yes yard probably formed part of the saw mills of Messrs Palmer, Hall and Co. Modern which occupied a large stretch along the riverside. MG025 16458 HER Dunston Oil, Grease Oil, grease and candle factory comprising of several buildings constructed in Early Yes and Candle factory 1900 for Messrs Mawson, Clark and Co. The complex included a factory with Modern a chimney, a reservoir and several railway sidings branching off the Derwenthaugh line. MG026 6162 HER Dunston Engine Works Shown on Ordnance Survey second edition. Early Yes Modern MG027 6161 HER Dunston Atlas Rivet Shown on Ordnance Survey second edition. Early Yes Works Modern MG028 5988 HER Dunston Crowley's John Crowley (son of Sir Ambrose Crowley) acquired some land at Dunston Post Yes Ironworks on 13th May 1755 from Richard and John Tidmarsh. This appears to be a Medieval single piece of land with buildings labelled "Great Square" and "Little Square" by the Ordnance Survey first edition. MG029 6163 HER Dunston saw mills Shown on Ordnance Survey second edition. Early Yes Modern

Donald

04 MG030 3475 HER Dunston Chemical Chemical Production Site Early Yes Report Assessment Archaeological

A Works Modern

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MG031 6165 HER Bute Hall Shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. Early Yes MetroGreen Modern MG032 6167 HER Dunston Methodist Shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. Early Yes Chapel Modern

MG033 1816 HER Struddars Farm Stone built farmstead incorporating some cast iron columns {1}. An early Early No 19th century group of farm buildings, originally comprising a house and Modern attached barn to the rear. The site was owned by the Clavering family and in

- b6118/do/D 1838.

MG034 16587 HER Bates Lane, Nos. 3 and Shown on Ordnance Survey first edition of circa 1858. No. 3 is a single Early No 4, Bates Houses storey stone house, painted white, with new pitched tiled roof with rooflights. Modern Stone outbuilding attached, again with a new roof. No. 4 is a two storey stone evelop/Stage 1 evelop/Stage farmhouse with slate roof. MG035 3447 HER Newcastle and Carlisle The Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, Redheugh Branch ran from the eastern Early Yes Railway, Redheugh end of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway at Blaydon (HER 3292) to Modern

Final Final Branch Redheugh Station (HER 3480).The Newcastle and Carlisle Railway opened

- in 1837.

Archaeological Assessment/DBA Assessment/DBA Archaeological

RC.docx MG036 1631 HER Swalwell, Railway Railway Transport Site Early No Bridge Modern MG037 11492 HER Swalwell, barrage WW2 barrage balloon site. Three concentric rings of mooring posts with a Early No

balloon site maximum diameter of 56m. Site lay to the east of the River Derwent between Modern Hexham Road and the railway line. MG038 5983 HER Northumber Paper Mills Swalwell Paper Mill is shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. In 1883 Early No a lease was issued to William Grace and Co. of Scotswood, paper-makers, Modern for a new paper mill on part of the site of Swalwell Ironworks (HER 5979). MG039 5979 HER Derwent Gut The Derwent Gut. An artificial waterway from near High Forge (SMR 3640) Post No to the Derwent north of Swalwell. Medieval MG040 5982 HER Swalwell Garesfield Swalwell Colliery is shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. Closed Early No Colliery August 1940. There were two pits, Edith Pit and Henry Pit. Owners were Modern George R. Ramsay and later Dunston Garesfield Colleries Ltd. MG041 1627 HER Miller's Lane Farm Collection of stone buildings possibly used to be a farm {1}. Early No Buildings Modern MG042 6171 HER Market Lane, school Shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. Early No Modern MG043 7555 HER Market Lane, The Sun This inn was rebuilt for a Mr H Davidson, in the early stages of the great re- Early No Inn building programme which saw most Gateshead area pubs disappear, to be Modern replaced by newer, more accommodating models. MG044 1628 HER Market Lane, Spencer Former Co-op. Red brick with stone detail. Original shop fronts; plastic Early No House (former Co-op windows. DATES 1890 Modern Store)

Report/Final/Supers https://mottmac.sharepoint.com/teams/pj 377771 1Stage Evidence Plan Area Action MacDonald Mott Unique HER Status Designation Name Description Period Within Ref No. No. Ref Site?

04 MG045 7557 HER Napier Road, Now premises of Comma Print. This solid red brick building clearly shows its Post No Report Assessment Archaeological

A Presbyterian Chapel origins as a Presbyterian Chapel, but with a twist. The austerity of the rituals Medieval

| 30 April 2018 30 April associated with the church are visible in the rather stern appearance of the

MetroGreen

eded/377771_MetrogreenGateshead_DBA eded/377771_MetrogreenGateshead_DBA architecture. MG046 5981 HER Swalwell, brewery Swalwell Brewery is named on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. Swalwell Medieval No

Brewery was founded in 1765 by Matthew Taylor, who lived in Whickham / Post-

Hermitage (HER 6899). The Taylors were a prosperous family who had lived Medieval in Swalwell since at least 1576. MG047 11681 HER Whickham, ridge and Ridge and furrow of Medieval or Post Medieval date seen and mapped from Post No

- furrow air photographs. Some of the earthworks still survive, but many have been Medieval

b6118/do/Develop/Stage 1 b6118/do/Develop/Stage levelled or built over. Earthworks survive adjacent to Dunston Hills coal pits (SAM 30928). MG048 3468 HER Newcastle and Carlisle The Swalwell Branch of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway. Early Yes Railway, Swalwell Modern Branch MG049 11680 HER Dunston, Dunston Road, Seen on air photographs. Formed by concentric circles of posts used for Modern No

barrage balloon site mooring balloons. Approximately 22m in diameter. Associated buildings - two Final Final buildings 18m to the east, and another 24m to the west-south-west.

Archaeological Assessment/DBA Assessment/DBA Archaeological

MG050 7866 HER Dunston Lodge Lunatic Also known as Garbutt's Asylum (it was under the management of Cornelius Early No

RC.docx Asylum Garbutt). In 1841 it housed 84 people. In 1851 it housed 157. In 1875 Modern inmates from Bensham Lunatic Asylum were moved here.

MG051 7643 HER Wellington Road, No. Premises of Geoff Thompson Cars. This fine, art deco influenced, single- Early No 115 storey commercial premises was formerly a Co-op building, and all the signs Modern of the Co-operative quality of detailing show. It was designed by W G Townsend Gray. MG052 6164 HER Dunston Farm Shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. Early No Modern MG053 6166 HER Dunston Colliery Shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. Opened in 1875, closed in Early No 1876, reopened in 1891 and finally closed for the last time in December Modern 1947. It was opened by John Bowes & Partners Ltd, and later owned by Dunston Garesfield Colleries Ltd. MG054 3465 HER Garesfield Wagonway Garesfield Wagonway. Its northern terminus was probably at Garesfield Early Yes Staith, (SMR 3461), but on the 1st edition OS mapping it appears to stop just Modern short. Its southern end was at Garesfield Colliery A Pit, (SMR 3372). The line was first opened in 1801. MG055 1668 HER CWS Flour Mills Once part of a complex of buildings owned by the Co-operative Wholesale Early No Society, which included a soap works (SMR 1016), grain cleaning house and Modern storage silos (SMR 1624) and a jetty. The architect for the flour mills was F.E. Harris. MG056 1624 HER CWS Grain Warehouse, This complex of buildings is very important, both as early examples of Modern No Silos, Tannery and Jetty reinforced concrete construction and in relation to the development of the cooperative Wholesale Society historically. They were designed by the French based practice of L.G. Mouchel.

04 MG057 3477 HER Patent Nail Works Patent Nail Works. The precise definition of this site is unclear on the 1st Early No Report Assessment Archaeological

A edition OS mapping. Modern

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MG058 10121 HER Dunston timber yard Shown on Ordnance Survey second edition. Early No MetroGreen Modern MG059 10122 HER Dunston Iron and Steel Shown on Ordnance Survey second edition. Early No Works Modern

MG060 3478 HER Dunston Firebrick Works Firebrick Works. 1850-1892 Early No Modern

- MG061 3732 HER Team Colliery Team Colliery. Early No b6118/do/Develop/Stage 1 b6118/do/Develop/Stage Modern

MG062 1636 HER Dunston, Community Buildings with an interesting architectural affinity to some of the earliest Modern No Buildings pithead baths built in the 1920s {1}. Miners Welfare Building - plain brick volumes, set off by concrete pilasters terminating in twin flag poles and canopy over entrance. MG063 6169 HER Dunston, school Shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. Early No

- Modern

Final Final MG064 6168 HER Christ Church OS2 Shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. Early No

Archaeological Assessment/DBA Assessment/DBA Archaeological

Modern

RC.docx MG065 6170 HER Dunston, school Shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. Early No Modern

MG066 9849 HER Tyne waterfront The attractive waterfront along the River Tyne at Elswick gives people the Unknown No opportunity to walk uninterrupted along the riverside from Elswick to the City Centre. The area has been very well restored, offering fine views of the river and of the bridges. MG067 4315 HER Elswick Works Armstrong's Elswick and Scotswood Works formed the most important heavy Early No engineering complex in the region in the late 19th century. William Modern Armstrong started a small factory on the riverside at Elswick in 1847 making hydraulic machinery. MG068 4313 HER South Benwell Fire Brick South Benwell Fire Brick Works, also known as the E & M Yard. This Early No Works/The E & M Yard opened after 1858. Davidson says the yard was working from 1828-1934. Modern Elsewhere he says that it opened in the 1850s. This later date is probably correct. It was run by the Carr family. MG069 16451 HER Benwell Low Colliery Benwell Colliery shown on Andrew Bowes Estate Plan, 1811. At that time the Early No main colliery included two steam engines, blacksmiths shop, lime kiln, Modern pitmens houses, Dutch barn, Viewers House and Colliery Agents House. MG070 4308 HER Paradise Cement Works Paradise Cement Works, marked as Disused on the 2nd edition OS mapping Early No and is not shown on the 1st edition, so was working between 1858 and 1895. Modern These works replaced the earlier Paradise Color Works. MG071 4085 HER Paradise Colour Works Paradise Colour Works. Labelled as Colour Manufacturer on Plan of Andrew Early No Bowes Estate, 1811. On the 2nd edition OS mapping this site had been Modern taken over by a Cement Works.

04 MG072 4307 HER Delaval Colliery Delaval Colliery is not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was opened Early No Archaeolog

A after 1858. The colliery had a firebrick works from 1873-1906. It belonged to Modern

| 30 April 2018 30 April John O Scott. In 1900 it produced 5 million firebricks.

MetroGreen

MG073 4304 HER Scotswood, Quarry A Quarry, marked as Old on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so was out of use Early No Report Assessment ical by 1895. Modern MG074 9824 HER Scotswood, Vickers 1981-2 by Ryder & Yates & Partners for Vickers' Defence Systems on the Modern No

site of Armstrong's engineering works. A sophisticated shed, with tall slit windows balancing the horizontals of water and riverbank. MG075 3474 HER Derwent Haugh, Coke Coke Ovens. Early No

- b6118/do/Develop/Stage 1 b6118/do/Develop/Stage Ovens Modern

MG076 3463 HER Derwent Haugh, Bone The 1st edition OS mapping shows "Firebrick & Bone Manure Early No Manure Manufactory Manufactories". Modern MG077 1626 HER Derwenthaugh Staithes For Derwent Haugh Railway. The Derwenthaugh Marina incorporates the Early No remains of what was the eastern range of Derwenthaugh Staiths which are Modern now part of a jetty. This had been an important coal handling and shipping point since the mid 18th century.

Final Final MG078 3461 HER Garesfield Staith Garesfield Staith, was the northern terminus of the Garesfield Wagonway, Early No

Archaeological Assessment/DBA Assessment/DBA Archaeological (SMR 3465). Modern

RC.docx MG079 3462 HER Derwent Haugh, The 1st edition OS mapping shows "Firebrick & Bone Manure Early No Firebrick Manufactory Manufactories", by the Tyne at this point. It has been attempted to record Modern them separately but it is not entirely clear whether they were two distinct sites

or two processes on the one site. MG080 1630 HER Sands footbridge Suspension bridge over River Derwent, built 1903 to replace an earlier Modern No wooden structure, and recently repaired extensively. The only suspension bridge in Tyne and Wear {1}. MG081 1016 HER Dunston Soapworks Once part of a series of ferro-concrete structures built for the Cooperative Modern No Wholesale Society at Dunston. The complex, which formerly included a flour mill (SMR 1668) and grain silos (SMR 1624), dates from two periods, 1970-8 and 1911-14. MG082 1635 HER C19 village of Dunston Evidence of the old riverside village settlement remains in the form of a Early No terrace of small shops and chandlers and other buildings {1}. Described by Modern Whelan in 1856 as a village on the River Team, where there were several coal staiths. MG083 3476 HER Whickham, Colour and Colour and Chemical Works. The precise definition of this works is not clear Early No Chemical Works on the 1st edition OS mapping. Modern MG084 17377 HER Countess of Coventry Countess of Coventry located on the 30 acres Kings Meadows Island in the Early No PH middle of the Tyne. Named after its one time owner Mary Beauclerk, wife of Modern Viscount Deerhurst who became Earl of Coventry in 1811. MG085 7612 HER Dunston, Excelsior Club This building speaks of the aspirations of the Social Club trustess when it Early No was erected, as it is in a grand style that sets it apart from its surroundings. Modern MG086 3350 HER Naptha Manufactory Naptha Manufactory. Shown on First Edition. In ruins by 1950s. Early No Modern

04 MG087 5956 HER The Western Ways Waggonway. The Western Ways. Post Yes Report Assessment Archaeological

A Medieval

30 April 2018 30 April

MG088 3470 HER Derwent Haugh, Turn A Turn Wheel is marked on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, but it is Early Yes MetroGreen Wheel unclear what exactly this is. Its precise location is also unclear. It is unlikely Modern to have been a railway turntable as there is no associated railway line, so it is

suggested as a water wheel because it is on the edge of Derwent Gut.

MG089 5980 HER Swalwell, lime kiln Lime kiln shown on the 1718 survey of Sir Ambrose Crowley's ironworks at Post Yes Swalwell. Medieval MG090 3467 HER Derwent Haugh, Saw Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Saw Mill at this location. Early Yes

- b6118/do/Develop/S Mill Modern

MG091 13584 HER Swalwell, fish weir, A weir in tidal waters below Swalwell had served as a fishery. It must have Medieval Yes fishery been broken in 1551 to permit the passage of keels for Cuthbert Blunt, and later for his widow Barbara. The weir would have had an underwater foundation of stones surmounted by a fence of brushwood or reeds attached to stakes.

tage 1 tage MG092 5418 HER Metro Centre, pillbox WW2 pillbox. Demolished. Modern Yes

Final Final MG093 1832 HER Pillbox WW2 Pillbox from aerial T+W/01/D frame 3. Demolished. Modern Yes

Archaeological Assessment/DBA Assessment/DBA Archaeological

MG094 12268 HER Derewent Muth Fishery Derewent' muth' in 1128. The mouth of the River Derwent where the bishop Medieval No

RC.docx of Durham had una sagena (draw net). The main catch would have been salmon, but in fact a wider range of fish would have been taken (eg. Eels, pike, minnow, burbot, trout and lamprey'.

MG095 3464 HER Derwent Haugh, Derwent Haugh Railway Station was built on the Newcastle and Carlisle Early No Railway Station Railway, Redheugh Branch Modern MG096 3460 HER Blaydon Main Staith Blaydon Main Staith was probably the northern terminus of the Blaydon Early No Wagonway (HER ref. 3459). Its precise location is unclear on the 1st edition Modern Ordnance Survey plan. MG097 13577 HER Swalwell, medieval Accounts of 1582 show that the principal partner at Winlaton Colliery was Medieval No staiths coal magnate James Lawson's daughter Barbara Blunt-Scrivener. While / Post- most Winlaton coal went to Blaydon Staiths, she had a river port of her own Medieval on the River Derwent at Swalwell Ford. Her staiths were located on the Swalwell side. Total output for 1581 was given as 23,602 fothers, over 100 wainloads a day, making 7,867 Newcastle chaldrons, some 20,800 tons. The Whickham Grand Lease had staiths immediately those of Barbara Blunt, which brought coal from their Axwell and Swalwell pits to the Derwent. MG098 3576 HER Smithy Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Smithy at this location. Early No Modern MG099 1629 HER Chimney From aerial T+W/01/A frame 30. Brick chimney, presumably part of Adamsez Early No Firebrick Works built sometime after the mid-19th century. Modern MG100 13586 HER Holme Mill In January 1614 Edward Talbot was granted permission by Selby, Hodgson Post No and Anderson, lords of Winlaton, to build 'one damme or weare for water for Medieval a water Mylne for Iron werkes… in the Lopp of Windlington'. His dam appears on a plan of the 1730s as 'Old Dam'. It lay immediately above

Swalwell Ford and probably survived until the road bridge was built in the 36

04 1770s. The dam served Holme Mill in The Square at Swalwell. Holme Mill Report Assessment Archaeological

A later became the centrepiece of Ambrose Crowley's Swalwell Iron Works.

| 30 April 2018 30 April After Talbot's death in 1617 Sir William Blakiston took over the iron mill. The iron works remained in production until 1643 when Holme Mill was damaged MetroGreen by fire. For a while Holme Mill was used as a corn mill by James Clavering. John Clavering had sued William Selby for diverting the water of the Derwent for his coal mills. When the matter was settled by his son James Clavering in

1645, he was to have free occupation of Holme Mill for use as a corn mill. The Civil War ruined the Selbys and so James Clavering bought Holme Mill outright along with 10 keelrooms at Derwenthaugh. Around 1660 Holme Mill

- was converted into a coalmill. James Clavering died in 1702 and Holme Mill b6118/do/Develop/Stage 1 b6118/do/Develop/Stage was let for another iron works. A plan of around 1712 shows 'mynd drifts' just north of the mill. These must have been the exhausted Brockwell seam workings of Sir James Clavering. MG101 676 HER Querns, findspot The late 19th century antiquarian Bourn reported that, "in taking down some Unknown No old houses at Swalwell, a few years since, four querns were discovered in the foundations...". There is no other information. It is considered possible that the word 'quern' has been misapplied and they were really creeing

Final Final troughs (mortars).

Archaeologic MG102 17325 HER Plaque to William Shield Plaque to William Shield Unknown No

RC.docx MG103 9712 HER Swalwell presbyterian Built in 1750, this chapel had a rendered façade with cross-framed windows. Post No chapel Demolished for a road improvement in the 1970s. Medieval

MG104 13578 HER Peal Flat coal pits In the last two decades of the 16th century the Whickham Grand Lease Medieval No al Assessment/DBA al Assessment/DBA group had pits on Sir George Selby's Peal Flat overlooking Swalwell. Water / Post- in the pits must have had to have been raised to the surface by the gin at Medieval Ginn Close on Market Lane. Peal Flat is not documented after 1610. MG105 10838 HER Dunston Station Site of railway station on the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway opened in 1839, Early No closed to passengers in 1926 and entirely closed in 1965. Modern MG106 5950 HER C18 staiths C18 staiths Post No Medieval MG107 12127 HER Elswick No. 2 wherry Launched in 1939, this was the last Tyne Wherry of her type to be built. She Modern No was the largest shell-clinker (the hull is formed of shaped overlapping planks and crosswise strengthening frames and added later) built craft left afloat in England. She is nearly 55 feet long and 23 feet in the beam, and is built of massive closely-spaced 5 inch x 6 inch frames onto which are nailed the overlapping 1 inch thick oak planks. She was launched as a towing (dumb) wherry but was soon fitted with a motor engine. She was owned by Vicker's Scotswood factory for carrying heavy machinery downriver to be put aboard ship for export or coastal transport. After the War she was bought by N. Keedy and Sons for similar lighterage use, such as carrying pre-fabricated steel sections between shipyard sites. In the early 1970s, N. Keedy and Sons donated Elswick No. 2 to the Maritime Trust. The Trust merged with Tyne and Wear Museums in 1976. The wherry is at Tyne and Wear Museums store at Beamish.

Report/Final/Superseded/377771_MetrogreenGateshe https://mottmac.sharepoint.com/teams/pj 377771 1Stage Evidence Plan Area Action MacDonald Mott Unique HER Status Designation Name Description Period Within Ref No. No. Ref Site?

04 MG108 1380 HER River Tyne, bronze Said to have been dredged from the north side of the Tyne at Newcastle., but Prehistori No Report Assessment Archaeological

A rapier the precise location is unknown. Possibly one of the three daggers which had c

| 30 April 2018 30 April been in R. Blair's possession before they passed into the Greenwell Collection, and so to the British Museum. The object, 394 mm long, was MetroGree described as follows: "Broad blade; both rivets surviving in trapezoidal, winged butt. Blade bevelled sharply either side of midrib".

MG109 1379 HER King's Meadows, bronze In August, 1882, this dagger was dredged from the Tyne on the north side of Prehistori No dagger the King's Meadows, Elswick. With 2 other daggers, it was for a time in the c possession of R. Blair whence it passed to the Greenwell Collection, and so to the British Museum. The object, 334 mm long x 75 mm wide, was

- b6118/do/Develop/Stage 1 b6118/do/Develop/Stage described as follows: "Long dagger with ogival blade, damaged at hilt end.

The hilt, which has 3 lobes, is offset from the axis of the blade. The 3 rivets are in situ. Broad midrib with one narrow rib at each side; bevelled edges to blade". ad_DBA ad_DBA MG110 1378 HER King's Meadows, bronze In 1889 Canon Greenwell lectured on "ancient British implements" dredged Prehistori No spearhead from the Tyne, some of which were by then in his collection, later to go to the c British Museum. The objects included three spearheads, of which this one

had previously been in R. Blair's possession, and which had been recovered

Final Final from the Tyne at King's Meadows Island. The object, 240 mm long, was

Archaeological Assessment/DBA Assessment/DBA Archaeological

- described as, "A pegged, socketed spearhead with lunate openings. Socket

RC.docx has lozenge- shaped section. Point bent". MG111 1493 HER King's Meadows, horse Iron horse-bit, only a fragment of one side surviving. Maximum length 133 Prehistori No

bit mm. c MG112 4084 HER Benwell Fisheries The location of Benwell Fisheries is marked on the 1st edition Ordnance Early No Survey plan, but was covered by the Elswick Works on the 2nd edition plan. Modern MG113 12289 HER Benwell Fishery A fishery here was given to Tynemouth Priory in 1472. It is recorded again in Medieval No 1551 and 1608, where there is specific mention of fishing for salmon. Its annual rent in 1851 was £50. Shown on OS first edition of 1858. MG114 672 HER River Tyne log-boat On the 17th July, 1912, during excavation of the foreshore prior to the Prehistori No building foundations of the new (West Dunston) staiths, the contractor came c across the end of a submerged 'dug-out' buried in the silt and sand, lying about five feet below the bed of the river...and about 12 feet below high water. It was recorded as follows: "Oak log-boat, length 4.27 m, breadth 0.91 m. Rounded bow in all three planes, and rounded transverse section. Slot at rear for transom. Starboard edge is worked, with a vertical hole in it, probably where a transverse member was trenailed to both sides of the sheer for lateral strength and to act as a thwart". It was presented to the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle in 1912, and in 1952 the Ordnance Survey noted it as "recorded as surviving in one of the Black Gate guardrooms in a poor state of preservation". It is now lost. MG115 0 HER Benwell Ferry Benwell Ferry Unknown No MG116 17450 HER Boat House Inn Boat House Inn Unknown No MG117 5114 HER Scotswood Drift Mine Stone and brick-built entrance to stone-lined tunnel; interpreted as a drift Early No mine, but may have been for a railway incline. Restored by City Council in Modern

1986. Part of the inclined railway from the Scotswood Delaval Drift passes 38

04 under the former Scotswood, Newburn and Wylam Railway in the form of a Report Assessment Archaeological

A tunnel passing through the embankment of the Railway across the road from

| 30 April 2018 30 April the Vickers' Works.

MetroGreen MG118 8498 HER Delaval Firebrick Works A riverside firebrick works, situated west of the E & M Yard. In 1900 some Early No five million firebricks were made here. Modern

MG119 16782 HER George Silvertop's Post Medieval Staithe Post No

Staiths Medieval MG120 3458 HER Newcastle and Carlisle The branch of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, from the original line Early No Railway (SMR 3292) over the Tyne and into Newcastle. Modern

- b6118/do/Develop/Stage 1 b6118/do/Develop/Stage MG121 3459 HER Blaydon Way (or Waggonway. Blaydon Main Colliery, also known as Shibdon Colliery, was in Post No

Shibdon) (LT64) production in the early 18th century. It was run by Alderman White, both Medieval Blackett baronets and their agent John Wilkinson. The colliery lay close to the Tyne in boggy, waterlogged ground. MG122 3628 HER Gateshead to Hexham Toll Road from Gateshead to Hexham. Had tolls at Crawcrook (SMR 3300). Post No Road Left the county at Stanleyburn Bridge (SMR 3627) {1}. Medieval

- MG123 1637 HER Consett Railway Dismantled, and other parts have been made into the "Derwent Walk" Modern No

Final Final Country Park {1}.

Archaeological Assessment/DBA Assessment/DBA Archaeological - MG124 4330 HER Swalwell to Gateshead Road from Swalwell to Gateshead. On the 1st edition OS mapping it has Early No

RC.docx Road Low Team Turnpike suggesting that it was a toll road. Its precise course is Modern unclear at its western end.

MG125 3633 HER Coalway Lane Coalway Lane. The depiction of this road on the OS mapping and its name Early No suggest that it may have been the line of a wagonway, not shown on the 1st Modern edition OS mapping and therefore out of use by 1857. MG126 1023 HER Tanfield, Whickham Waggonway. Tanfield 1725-1964. Post No Grand Lease The Tanfield Railway was in a sense the successor to the Tanfield Medieval waggonway (LT56) Waggonway of 1727 which, having lain dormant for several decades, was taken over on a wayleave agreement in 18th century by the Brandling Junction Railway Company which began to relay track. MG127 5953 HER The Western Ways Waggonway. The Western Ways. Post No Medieval MG128 5951 HER The Western Ways Waggonway. The Western Ways, Hollinside. 1692-1710 Post Yes Medieval MG129 3632 HER 'Old waggonway' 'Old waggonway' Early No Modern MG130 1921 HER Riding Field Waggonway. C.1683-1744. Survives as a track. Post No Medieval MG131 3723 HER Northbanks, Blackburn Waggonway. 1699-1723 Post No Way Medieval MG132 1665 HER Whickham Grand Lease Waggonway. Whickham Grand Lease, c.1621-c.1710 Post No Medieval MG133 696 HER Swalwell village Boldon Buke (c. 1183 a survey of land belonging to the Bishop of Durham, Medieval No

Hugh du Puiset) : "The land of Swalwell renders 16s. William, son of Arnald, 39

Report/Final/Superseded/377771_MetrogreenGateshead_DBA Report/Final/Superseded/377771_MetrogreenGateshead_DBA https://mottmac.share 377771 1Stage Evidence Plan Area Action MacDonald Mott Unique HER Status Designation Name Description Period Within Ref No. No. Ref Site?

04 for a clearing of 120 acres, renders one marc". I.e. no reference to a Report Assessment Archaeological

A settlement.

30 April 2018 30 April

MG134 3749 HER Team waggonway A Waggonway. Marked as Old on the 1st edition OS mapping, it was Post No MetroGreen (LT54 and 54C) probably out of use by 1857. It was either a branch of the Team Colliery Medieval

point.com/teams/pj Wagonway or part of its original line. The Ravensworth branch of the Teams

Wagonway terminated to the north east.

MG135 5954 HER Derwent III Waggonway. The construction of the third Western Way, by Lady Jane Post Yes (Derwenthaugh Way) Clavering, began in 1728 when negotiations between The Grand Allies and Medieval waggonway (LT62) the Western partnership to obtain a monopoly collapsed.

b6118/do/Develop/Stage 1 b6118/do/Develop/Stage MG136 5952 HER Western Way I Waggonway. Also known as the Bucksnook Way, although it is a misnomer Post Yes

(Bucksnook as it served far more than a single colliery. Its legal existence started with an Medieval Way/Derwent Way I) agreement of 1710 between John Clavering and Lady Jane giving wayleave (LT60) to Thomas Brumell through Axwell-owned ground.

Final Final

Archaeological Assessment/DBA Assessment/DBA Archaeological

RC.docx

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen 41 Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

Appendix B - Figures

Table 4: Figures within Appendix B Figure Number Drawing Title Figure 1 Development Area Constraints Figure 2 Located of designated heritage assets within 500m study area Figure 3a Location of non-Designated heritage assets (polygons) within 300m study area - West Figure 3b Location of non-Designated heritage assets (polygons) within 300m study area - East Figure 3c Location of non-designated heritage assets (polygons) within 300m study area Figure 3d Location of non-designated heritage assets (linear features) within 300m study area Figure 3e Location of non-designated heritage assets (points) within 300m study area

Loc ation M ap !!"¢

AAP bound ary Constraint M od e rate

3C Low Ne gligible

2A 2B 1A 3B 2K 2C 2D 1B 2L

1C 1D 2J 2I 2F Note s 3A 1. For inform ation only, not for c onstruc tion. 2. Contains inform ation provid e d by Ground Sure , Oc tobe r 2017 3. Contains Ord nanc e Surve y d ata © Crown c opyright and d atabase rights. 2017 Ord nanc e Surve y. All rights re se rve d . Gate she ad Counc il Lic e nc e Num be r: 100019132 2H

P1 18/12/17 BW Pre lim inary Issue RC SL Re v Date Drawn De sc ription Ch'k'd App'd

St Ann’s W harf 112 Quaysid e Ne wc astle upon T yne NE1 3DX T +44 (0)191 261 0866 W www.m ottm ac .c om

Clie nt Gate she ad Counc il Civic Ce ntre Re ge nt Stre e t Gate she ad , NE8 1HH

T itle M e troGre e n Stage 1 - Arc hae ologic al Asse ssm e nt Figure 1 De ve lopm e nt Are a Constraints

De signe d BH -- Eng Che c k n/a -- Drawn BW -- Coord ination RC -- GIS Che c k RC -- Approve d SL -- Sc ale at A3 Status Re v Se c urity 1:10,000 PRE P1 ST D © M ott M ac Donald Ltd . Drawing Num be r T his d oc um e nt is issue d for the party whic h c om m issione d it and for spe c ific purpose s c onne c te d with the c aptione d proje c t only. It should not be re lie d upon by any othe r party or use d for any othe r purpose . M e tre s W e ac c e pt no re sponsibility for the c onse q ue nc e s of this d oc um e nt be ing re lie d upon by any othe r party, or be ing use d for any othe r purpose , or c ontaining any e rror or om ission whic h is d ue to an e rror or om ission in d ata supplie d to us by othe r partie s. 0 125 250 500 750 1,000 377771-M M D-01-DR-GIS-020

L oc ation Map !!"¢

AAP b ound ary 500m S tud y Are a S c he d ule d Monum e nt Grad e II* L iste d Build ing Grad e II L iste d Build ing

MG001 MG010

Note s MG008 1. For inform ation only, not for c onstruc tion. 2. Contains inform ation p rovid e d b y Ground S ure , Oc tob e r 2017 MG002 3. Contains Ord nanc e S urve y d ata © Crown c op yright and d atab ase rights. MG003 2017 Ord nanc e S urve y. All rights re se rve d . Gate she ad Counc il L ic e nc e Num b e r: 100019132 MG004

MG006 MG005

P1 18/12/17 BW Pre lim inary Issue RC S L Re v Date Drawn De sc rip tion Ch'k'd Ap p 'd

S t Ann’s W harf 112 Quaysid e Ne wc astle up on T yne MG007 NE1 3DX T +44 (0)191 261 0866 W www.m ottm ac .c om

Clie nt MG009 Gate she ad Counc il Civic Ce ntre Re ge nt S tre e t Gate she ad , NE8 1HH

T itle Me troGre e n S tage 1 - Arc hae ologic al Asse ssm e nt Figure 2 L oc ation of d e signate d he ritage asse ts within 500m stud y are a

De signe d BH -- Eng Che c k n/a -- Drawn BW -- Coord ination RC -- GIS Che c k RC -- Ap p rove d S L -- S c ale at A3 S tatus Re v S e c urity 1:12,500 PRE P1 S T D © Mott Mac Donald L td . Drawing Num b e r T his d oc um e nt is issue d for the p arty whic h c om m issione d it and for sp e c ific p urp ose s c onne c te d with the c ap tione d p roje c t only. It should not b e re lie d up on b y any othe r p arty or use d for any othe r p urp ose . Me tre s W e ac c e p t no re sp onsib ility for the c onse que nc e s of this d oc um e nt b e ing re lie d up on b y any othe r p arty, or b e ing use d for any othe r p urp ose , or c ontaining any e rror or om ission whic h is d ue to an e rror or om ission in d ata sup p lie d to us b y othe r p artie s. 0 125 250 500 750 1,000 377771-MMD-01-DR-GIS -021

Loc ation M ap !!"¢ MG073 MG074

MG072 MG071 MG070 MG069 Contains OS d ata © Crown Cop yright and d atab ase right MG068 2017 Ke y to Sym b ols MG078 MG077 MG079 AAP b ound ary MG076 300m Stud y Are a MG075 HER Are a MG019 HER V illage

MG011 MG012 MG018

MG020 MG023

MG011 MG013 MG020 MG014 Note s MG015 1. For inform ation only, not for c onstruc tion. MG016 2. Contains inform ation p rovid e d b y Ground Sure , Oc tob e r 2017 3. Contains Ord nanc e Surve y d ata © Crown c op yright and d atab ase MG086 rights. 2017 Ord nanc e Surve y. All rights re se rve d . MG011 Gate she ad Counc il Lic e nc e Num b e r: 100019132 MG020

MG033 MG011 MG021 MG011 MG034 MG020 MG080 MG036 MG020 P1 18/12/17 BW Pre lim inary Issue RC SL MG020 Re v Date Drawn De sc rip tion Ch'k'd Ap p 'd MG040 MG041 MG041 St Ann’s W harf 112 Quaysid e Ne wc astle up on T yne NE1 3DX MG038 MG043 T +44 (0)191 261 0866 MG038 W www.m ottm ac .c om MG037 MG046 MG045 MG038 MG042 MG039 MG044 MG020 Clie nt MG020 MG020 Gate she ad Counc il MG022 Civic Ce ntre MG133 Re ge nt Stre e t Gate she ad , NE8 1HH T itle MG017 M e troGre e n Stage 1 - Arc hae ologic al Asse ssm e nt Figure 3a Loc ation of non-d e signate d he ritage asse ts (p olygons) within 300m stud y are a - W e st De signe d BH -- Eng Che c k n/a -- Drawn BW -- Coord ination RC -- GIS Che c k RC -- Ap p rove d SL -- Sc ale at A3 Status Re v Se c urity 1:7,000 PRE P1 ST D © M ott M ac Donald Ltd . Drawing Num b e r T his d oc um e nt is issue d for the p arty whic h c om m issione d it and for sp e c ific p urp ose s c onne c te d with the c ap tione d p roje c t only. It should not b e re lie d up on b y any othe r p arty or use d for any othe r p urp ose . M e tre s W e ac c e p t no re sp onsib ility for the c onse que nc e s of this d oc um e nt b e ing re lie d up on b y any othe r p arty, or b e ing use d for any othe r p urp ose , or c ontaining any e rror or om ission whic h is d ue to an e rror or om ission in d ata sup p lie d to us b y othe r p artie s. 0 87.5 175 350 525 700 377771-M M D-01-DR-GIS-022

MG071 Loc ation M ap MG072 MG070 !"¢ MG069 ! MG068

MG067 AAP bound ary

MG084 300m Stud y Are a HER Are a MG066 MG024 MG023 MG023

MG020 MG026 MG025

MG028 MG027 MG056 MG029 MG055 MG081 MG083 MG030 MG053 MG057 MG058 MG059 MG060 MG053 MG053 MG031 MG032 MG061 MG021 MG020 MG052 MG020 MG085 Note s MG063 MG082 1. For inform ation only, not for c onstruc tion. MG064 2. Contains inform ation provid e d by Ground Sure , Oc tobe r 2017 MG062 3. Contains Ord nanc e Surve y d ata © Crown c opyright and d atabase MG065 rights. 2017 Ord nanc e Surve y. All rights re se rve d . MG020 MG051 Gate she ad Counc il Lic e nc e Num be r: 100019132 MG020 MG020 MG020

MG050

MG020 MG050 P1 18/12/17 BW Pre lim inary Issue RC SL MG020 MG022 Re v Date Drawn De sc ription Ch'k'd App'd MG020 St Ann’s W harf 112 Quaysid e Ne wc astle upon T yne NE1 3DX T +44 (0)191 261 0866 W www.m ottm ac .c om MG049 Clie nt Gate she ad Counc il Civic Ce ntre Re ge nt Stre e t Gate she ad , NE8 1HH T itle M e troGre e n MG020 Stage 1 - Arc hae ologic al Asse ssm e nt Figure 3b Loc ation of non-d e signate d he ritage asse ts (polygons) within 300m stud y are a - East MG047 De signe d BH -- Eng Che c k n/a -- Drawn BW -- Coord ination RC -- GIS Che c k RC -- Approve d SL -- Sc ale at A3 Status Re v Se c urity 1:7,000 PRE P1 ST D © M ott M ac Donald Ltd . Drawing Num be r T his d oc um e nt is issue d for the party whic h c om m issione d it and for spe c ific purpose s c onne c te d with the c aptione d proje c t only. It should not be re lie d upon by any othe r party or use d for any othe r purpose . M e tre s W e ac c e pt no re sponsibility for the c onse q ue nc e s of this d oc um e nt be ing re lie d upon by any othe r party, or be ing use d for any othe r purpose , or c ontaining any e rror or om ission whic h is d ue to an e rror or om ission in d ata supplie d to us by othe r partie s. 0 87.5 175 350 525 700 377771-M M D-01-DR-GIS-023

Loc ation M ap !!"¢

MG072 MG071 AAP b ound ary MG070 MG069 300m Stud y Are a MG068 MG078 MG066 MG077 HER Are a MG079 MG076 HER V illage MG075 MG019

MG011 MG067 MG012 MG018 MG084

MG020 MG024 MG023 MG023 MG011 MG020 MG026 MG013 MG025 MG014 MG028 MG015 MG056 MG016 MG027 MG029 MG055 MG086 MG081 MG011 MG053 MG083 MG058 MG060 MG020 MG031 MG053 Note s MG011 MG061 MG033 MG021 MG020 MG052 1. For inform ation only, not for c onstruc tion. MG011 MG020 MG085 2. Contains inform ation p rovid e d b y Ground Sure , Oc tob e r 2017 MG034 MG080 MG063 MG082 MG064 3. Contains Ord nanc e Surve y d ata © Crown c op yright and d atab ase MG020 MG062 rights. MG036 MG065 2017 Ord nanc e Surve y. All rights re se rve d . MG041 MG020 MG051 MG020 MG020 Gate she ad Counc il Lic e nc e Num b e r: 100019132 MG040 MG041 MG038 MG043 MG050 MG037 MG038 MG044 MG039 MG042 MG022 MG050 MG046 MG020 MG020 MG133 MG020 MG020 MG017 P1 18/12/17 BW Pre lim inary Issue RC SL Re v Date Drawn De sc rip tion Ch'k'd Ap p 'd MG049 St Ann’s W harf 112 Quaysid e Ne wc astle up on T yne NE1 3DX MG020 T +44 (0)191 261 0866 W www.m ottm ac .c om MG047 Clie nt Gate she ad Counc il Civic Ce ntre Re ge nt Stre e t Gate she ad , NE8 1HH T itle M e troGre e n Stage 1 - Arc hae ologic al Asse ssm e nt Figure 3c Loc ation of non-d e signate d he ritage asse ts (p olygons) within 300m stud y are a De signe d BH -- Eng Che c k n/a -- Drawn BW -- Coord ination RC -- GIS Che c k RC -- Ap p rove d SL -- Sc ale at A3 Status Re v Se c urity 1:11,500 PRE P1 ST D © M ott M ac Donald Ltd . Drawing Num b e r T his d oc um e nt is issue d for the p arty whic h c om m issione d it and for sp e c ific p urp ose s c onne c te d with the c ap tione d p roje c t only. It should not b e re lie d up on b y any othe r p arty or use d for any othe r p urp ose . M e tre s W e ac c e p t no re sp onsib ility for the c onse que nc e s of this d oc um e nt b e ing re lie d up on b y any othe r p arty, or b e ing use d for any othe r p urp ose , or c ontaining any e rror or om ission whic h is d ue to an e rror or om ission in d ata sup p lie d to us b y othe r p artie s. 0 125 250 500 750 1,000 377771-M M D-01-DR-GIS-024

Loc ation M ap !!"¢

M G120 AAP bound ary 300m Stud y Are a HER Line ar MG121

M G035

7 2 1 8 G 4 0 M G

4 5 0 G M

35 6 1 2 Note s G 1 M G 1. For inform ation only, not for c onstruc tion. M 2. Contains inform ation provid e d by Ground Sure , Oc tobe r 2017 26 1 3. Contains Ord nanc e Surve y d ata © Crown c opyright and d atabase G M rights. 2017 Ord nanc e Surve y. All rights re se rve d .

3 Gate she ad Counc il Lic e nc e Num be r: 100019132

2 M 1

G G o 1 M 2 N 9 8 7 2 8 0 1 G G M M

P1 18/12/17 BW Pre lim inary Issue RC SL Re v Date Drawn De sc ription Ch'k'd App'd

M G St Ann’s W harf M 1

M G 3 112 Quaysid e 30 4 1 G1 G 6 2 M 1 1 M Ne wc astle upon T yne 3 5 3 2 G 1 1 6 1 NE1 3DX G M G 3 G M 4 M 124 M T +44 (0)191 261 0866 G W www.m ottm ac .c om 1

2 Clie nt Gate she ad Counc il Civic Ce ntre Re ge nt Stre e t Gate she ad , NE8 1HH T itle M e troGre e n Stage 1 - Arc hae ologic al Asse ssm e nt M G 6 Figure 3d Loc ation of non-d e signate d 1 2 3 1 6 he ritage asse ts (line ar fe ature s) within G M 300m stud y are a 22 MG1 De signe d BH -- Eng Che c k n/a -- Drawn BW -- Coord ination RC -- GIS Che c k RC -- Approve d SL -- Sc ale at A3 Status Re v Se c urity 1:11,500 PRE P1 ST D © M ott M ac Donald Ltd . Drawing Num be r T his d oc um e nt is issue d for the party whic h c om m issione d it and for spe c ific purpose s c onne c te d with the c aptione d proje c t only. It should not be re lie d upon by any othe r party or use d for any othe r purpose . M e tre s W e ac c e pt no re sponsibility for the c onse q ue nc e s of this d oc um e nt be ing re lie d upon by any othe r party, or be ing use d for any othe r purpose , or c ontaining any e rror or om ission whic h is d ue to an e rror or om ission in d ata supplie d to us by othe r partie s. 0 125 250 500 750 1,000 377771-M M D-01-DR-GIS-025

Loc ation M ap !!"¢

MG096 300m Stud y Are a MG115 MG094 MG113 HER Points MG095 MG112 MG114 MG119 MG111

MG110 MG109 MG108 MG107

MG091 MG092

MG088 MG089 MG106

MG090

Note s MG105 1. For inform ation only, not for c onstruc tion. 2. Contains inform ation provid e d by Ground Sure , Oc tobe r 2017 3. Contains Ord nanc e Surve y d ata © Crown c opyright and d atabase MG093 rights. MG098 2017 Ord nanc e Surve y. All rights re se rve d . MG097 Gate she ad Counc il Lic e nc e Num be r: 100019132

MG099 MG102 MG100 MG104 MG101 MG103

P1 18/12/17 BW Pre lim inary Issue RC SL Re v Date Drawn De sc ription Ch'k'd App'd

St Ann’s W harf 112 Quaysid e Ne wc astle upon T yne NE1 3DX T +44 (0)191 261 0866 W www.m ottm ac .c om

Clie nt Gate she ad Counc il Civic Ce ntre Re ge nt Stre e t Gate she ad , NE8 1HH T itle M e troGre e n Stage 1 - Arc hae ologic al Asse ssm e nt Figure 3e Loc ation of non-d e signate d he ritage asse ts (points) within 300m stud y are a De signe d BH -- Eng Che c k n/a -- Drawn BW -- Coord ination RC -- GIS Che c k RC -- Approve d SL -- Sc ale at A3 Status Re v Se c urity 1:11,500 PRE P1 ST D © M ott M ac Donald Ltd . Drawing Num be r T his d oc um e nt is issue d for the party whic h c om m issione d it and for spe c ific purpose s c onne c te d with the c aptione d proje c t only. It should not be re lie d upon by any othe r party or use d for any othe r purpose . M e tre s W e ac c e pt no re sponsibility for the c onse q ue nc e s of this d oc um e nt be ing re lie d upon by any othe r party, or be ing use d for any othe r purpose , or c ontaining any e rror or om ission whic h is d ue to an e rror or om ission in d ata supplie d to us by othe r partie s. 0 125 250 500 750 1,000 377771-M M D-01-DR-GIS-026

Mott MacDonald | MetroGreen Area Action Plan Evidence Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment Report

mottmac.com 377771 | 04 | A | 30 April 2018 https://mottmac.sharepoint.com/teams/pj-b6118/do/Develop/Stage 1 - Archaeological Assessment/DBA Report/Final/Superseded/377771_MetrogreenGateshead_DBA - Final - RC.docx