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Module 10: the Cold
i2P • AP Module 10 • The Cold War The Cold War Module 10 - Akshayuk Pass Expedition Resolute Bay, 1953 – shortly after the Inuit from Inukjuaq and Pond Inlet were relocated. “The experiment we are making this year is to transfer a few families from Port Harrison and Pond Inlet to Resolute Bay on Cornwallis Is- land and Craig Harbor and Cape Herschel, on Ellesmere Island. The primary object is to find out how Eskimos from overpopulated southern areas can adapt themselves to conditions in the high Arctic where there is at present no Eskimo population.” - Acting Deputy Minister, Department of Resources and Development, Government of Canada, August 1953. i2P • Akshayuk Pass Education Resource 1 i2P • AP Module 10 • The Cold War TERRA INCOGNITA As the i2P expedition team treks through the Akshayuk Pass, the question should be asked, “Whose land are we on?” The answer, however, is not as straightforward as one might imagine. When you look at a standard world map, all the land on the globe is allotted one color or another, and each colored area of land has a name assigned to it – which indicates the country that governs that land. There are no tracts of land on the map that are not col- ored and do not belong to an assigned country. This was not always so. In fact for some people the thought that land could be owned was completely foreign. As we learned in module 4, human beings spread around the world from an original base in Africa. As they migrated and settled, they earned their livelihood from the land, either by hunting, fishing and gathering food, or by growing livestock and crops. -
Akshayuk Pass, Ski Expedition
Akshayuk Pass, Ski Expedition Program Descriptive: Akshayuk Pass, Auyuittuq National Park Majestic towers, carved in bedrock by glaciers, shooting straight for the sun: such scenery is what Auyuittuq National Park has to offer. It is, without a doubt, one of the most awe-inspiring places on Earth. Set in the middle of the Penny Ice Cap, bisected from North to South by the Akshayuk pass, an immense valley opens inland. An expedition surrounded by austere looking, barren plateaus, that will take you to two of the park’s most spectacular lookouts, Thor Peak and Mount Asgard. On your way, you will have an opportunity to see impressive rock formations dating back to the last ice age, ice caps, moraines, boulder fields, and much more. During this ski expedition, your will tread over terrain ranging from arid gravel to frozen river, with sharp peaks and a huge glacier in the backdrop. So many images that will remain with you forever. Following a 3-hour snowmobile ride from Qikiqtarjuaq we arrive at the park’s northern entrance, and then follow 11 days of cross-country skiing and 100 km of breathtaking scenery, to be crossed on skis, boots and crampons over the more difficult sections (especially the river’s ice cascades). Along the way, you will have an opportunity to see impressive rock formations dating back to the last ice age, moraines, boulder fields, with spectacular views of Mount Thor and Mount Asgard. Throughout the expedition, you will be mesmerized by the presence of glaciers, landscapes and mountains each more impressive than the last. -
Baffin Island: Field Research and High Arctic Adventure, 1961-1967
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2016-02 Baffin Island: Field Research and High Arctic Adventure, 1961-1967 Ives, Jack D. University of Calgary Press Ives, J.D. "Baffin Island: Field Research and High Arctic Adventure, 1961-1967." Canadian history and environment series; no. 18. University of Calgary Press, Calgary, Alberta, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/51093 book http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca BAFFIN ISLAND: Field Research and High Arctic Adventure, 1961–1967 by Jack D. Ives ISBN 978-1-55238-830-3 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at [email protected] Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specific work without breaching the artist’s copyright. -
EXPERIENCES 2021 Table of Contents
NUNAVUT EXPERIENCES 2021 Table of Contents Arts & Culture Alianait Arts Festival Qaggiavuut! Toonik Tyme Festival Uasau Soap Nunavut Development Corporation Nunatta Sunakkutaangit Museum Malikkaat Carvings Nunavut Aqsarniit Hotel And Conference Centre Adventure Arctic Bay Adventures Adventure Canada Arctic Kingdom Bathurst Inlet Lodge Black Feather Eagle-Eye Tours The Great Canadian Travel Group Igloo Tourism & Outfitting Hakongak Outfitting Inukpak Outfitting North Winds Expeditions Parks Canada Arctic Wilderness Guiding and Outfitting Tikippugut Kool Runnings Quark Expeditions Nunavut Brewing Company Kivalliq Wildlife Adventures Inc. Illu B&B Eyos Expeditions Baffin Safari About Nunavut Airlines Canadian North Calm Air Travel Agents Far Horizons Anderson Vacations Top of the World Travel p uit O erat In ed Iᓇᓄᕗᑦ *denotes an n u q u ju Inuit operated nn tau ut Aula company About Nunavut Nunavut “Our Land” 2021 marks the 22nd anniversary of Nunavut becoming Canada’s newest territory. The word “Nunavut” means “Our Land” in Inuktut, the language of the Inuit, who represent 85 per cent of Nunavut’s resident’s. The creation of Nunavut as Canada’s third territory had its origins in a desire by Inuit got more say in their future. The first formal presentation of the idea – The Nunavut Proposal – was made to Ottawa in 1976. More than two decades later, in February 1999, Nunavut’s first 19 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) were elected to a five year term. Shortly after, those MLAs chose one of their own, lawyer Paul Okalik, to be the first Premier. The resulting government is a public one; all may vote - Inuit and non-Inuit, but the outcomes reflect Inuit values. -
BAFFIN ISLAND 1953: TAGEBUCH EINER POLAR- Rale Du Nouveau Québec and the Commission Scolaire Du EXPEDITION
REVIEWS • 253 HBC agents gave no credit. During this period the outside The final section of the book deals with Qumaq’s reflec- world intervened with the news of the war. In addition, tions from the vantage of age—changes, importance of the slow move to Puvirnituq and other settlements began, hunting and fishing, the divisions over James Bay, his dif- and prefabricated houses replaced the traditional tents and ficulties as he aged and experienced illnesses, the friends igloos. Employment at the trading post and the sale of stone who helped him, and his family, who had figured through- sculptures began to alter Inuit lives. out the narrative. Part three documents significant changes to Inuit life As befitting an individual with little formal school- from 1953 to the late 1960s. Central to these changes was ing, yet writing in syllabics, the style is relatively simple the introduction of federal aid: old age pensions, disabil- and straightforward. Besides the observations on changes ity allowances, and family allowances. The Bay began to in lifestyle, a strength of the book is the discussion on the purchase Inuit sculptures, though the author notes that each evolution of autonomy, whether in co-operatives, villages, manager had a different concept of their value (p. 81). Their or region, and especially the opposition to the James Bay attitude changed with the arrival of manager Peter Mur- agreement. In translating this work, Louis-Jacques Dorais doch in 1955. Under his management, there was a certain has done a great service by bringing Qumaq’s story to a stability, even though the Bay would still not allow Inuit to wider readership. -
Akshayuk Pass, Hiking Expedition
Akshayuk Pass, Hiking Expedition Program Descriptive: Akshayuk Pass, Auyuittuq National Park Majestic towers, carved in bedrock by glaciers, shooting straight for the sun: such scenery is what Auyuittuq National Park has to offer. It is, without a doubt, one of the most awe-inspiring places on Earth. Set in the middle of the Penny Ice Cap, bisected from North to South by the Akshayuk pass, an immense valley opens inland. A trek surrounded by austere looking, barren plateaus, that will take you to two of the park’s most spectacular lookouts, Thor Peak and Mount Asgard. On your way, you will have an opportunity to see impressive rock formations dating back to the last ice age, moraines, boulder fields, and much more. During this hike, your will tread over terrain ranging from arid gravel to humid, fertile tundra, with sharp peaks and a huge glacier in the backdrop. So many images that will remain with you forever. Following a 3-hour boat ride from Qikiqtarjuaq, making our way through a maze of floating iceberg, we arrive at the park’s northern entrance, then follow, 11 days of hiking, 100 km of breathtaking scenery, to be crossed on foot. Along the way, you will have an opportunity to see impressive rock formations dating back to the last ice age, moraines, boulder fields, with spectacular views of Mount Thor and Mount Asgard. Throughout the trek, you will be mesmerized by the presence of glaciers, landscapes and mountains each more impressive than the last. Our goal, reaching the Southern entrance of the Park, where 30km of boat ride will be separating us from Pangnirtung the closest community. -
Importance of Auyuittuq National Park
Auyuittuq NATIONAL PARK OF CANADA Draft Management Plan January 2009 i Cover Photograph(s): (To be Added in Final Version of this Management Plan) National Library of Canada cataloguing in publication data: Parks Canada. Nunavut Field Unit. Auyuittuq National Park of Canada: Management Plan / Parks Canada. Issued also in French under title: Parc national du Canada Auyuittuq, plan directeur. Issued also in Inuktitut under title: ᐊᐅᔪᐃᑦᑐᖅ ᒥᕐᖑᐃᓯᕐᕕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᐅᓚᓯᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᒃᓴᖅ 1. Auyuittuq National Park (Nunavut)‐‐Management. 2. National parks and reserves‐‐Canada‐‐Management. 3. National parks and reserves‐‐Nunavut‐‐ Management. I. Parks Canada. Western and Northern Service Centre II. Title. FC XXXXXX 200X XXX.XXXXXXXXX C200X‐XXXXXX‐X © Her Majesty the Queen in the Right of Canada, represented by the Chief Executive Officer of Parks Canada, 200X. Paper: ISBN: XXXXXXXX Catalogue No.: XXXXXXXXX PDF: ISBN XXXXXXXXXXX Catalogue No.: XXXXXXXXXXXX Cette publication est aussi disponible en français. wktg5 wcomZoxaymuJ6 wktgotbsix3g6. i Minister’s Foreword (to be included when the Management Plan has been approved) QIA President’s Foreword (to be included when the Management Plan has been approved) NWMB Letter (to be included when the Management Plan has been approved) Recommendation Statement (to be included when the Management Plan has been approved) i Acknowledgements The preparation of this plan involved many people. The input of this diverse group of individuals has resulted in a plan that will guide the management of the park for many years. -
Glacier Monitoring and Assessment, Penny Ice Cap, Nunavut (Auyuittuq National Park)
Project title: Glacier monitoring and assessment, Penny Ice Cap, Nunavut (Auyuittuq National Park) Summary: Higher than normal summer temperatures over the past few decades have resulted in increased melt of glaciers and ice caps in the Canadian Arctic, particularly since 2005. In order to better understand past and future changes of glaciers in the southern Canadian Arctic, the Geological Survey of Canada, Parks Canada and University of Ottawa have been studying Penny Ice Cap on southern Baffin Island since 2007. It is the largest ice mass in the southern Canadian Arctic, covering ~6400 km2. Every year a research team flies to the ice cap from Pangnirtung to take measurements of how much ice is melting versus how much snow is accumulating. The Higher thanteam also measures changes in ice volume, how fast the ice moves, what the ice cap looks like many meters below the surface and the temperature. Ice cores from Penny Ice Cap show that the rate of melt we see today has not been observed for over 3,000 years. Meltwater from the ice cap along with increased rain has contributed to severe flooding events in Akshayuk Pass, a hiking and travel route adjacent to the ice cap and close to Pangnirtung. Understanding how the ice cap will respond to changes in climate in the future will help provide more realistic prediction of future flooding events in the area. Studying Penny Ice Cap also helps answer a question many scientists around the globe are asking. How much will glaciers melt over the next century and how will this contribute to global sea level rise? We know that glaciers in the Canadian Arctic are now the largest contributor of water to global sea level rise outside of Greenland and Antarctica and that these glaciers will continue to lose ice over the next century from models, but much more work is required to improve estimates of ice loss, and therefore sea level rise, over the next century. -
Module 11: Place of Fish
i2P • AP Module 11 • Place of Fish Place of Fish Module 11 - Akshayuk Pass Expedition PLACE OF FISH The story of the Arctic Char delivers us to the present day in our expedition narrative. The Akshayuk Expedition has led us on a journey through time that has illustrated the many factors that have contributed to the making of the Arctic and the people who live there. We have learned of the impact of glaciers, technology, economic forces, food se- curity, governments and climate change on the fragile ecology and culture of the Arctic. So the question arises, in an increasingly volatile world how is the north to sustain itself? The Capital of Nunavut is Iqaluit, located on Baffin Island roughly 300 kilometers south of the Akshayuk Pass. In Inuktitut, Iqaluit means “The Place of Fish”. As we have learned, the relationship between the Inuit people and animals is very intimate – and a number of animals including the seal, the caribou and the arctic char have been, and continue to be particularly important to the Inuit people. ARCTIC CHAR The Arctic Char is a beautiful fish that is in the same family as its more famous ‘cousins’ to the south, the salmon and the trout, and is found throughout the circumpolar north. There are a wide variety of subspecies of char and they can vary in appearance from region to region. The char, like its close relative the salmon has the capacity to live in both fresh and salt water. Fish that can live in both fresh and salt water are called ana- dromous. -
Akshayuk Pass
Akshayuk Pass Hiking Expedition NUNAVUT CANADA Program Descriptive & Day-by-day Majestic towers, carved in bedrock by to 15 km (5 to 9 mi) per day (6 to 8 hours a day). The trail is LEVEL glaciers, shooting straight for the sun: such not technical and does not present an altitude challenge; scenery is what Auyuittuq National Park has however, at times you will have to cross glacier-fed rivers, to offer. It is, without a doubt, one of the with water up to your knees. Your days will be spent in the 4 most awe-inspiring places on Earth. Set in great outdoors, while nights will be spent in a tent. You the middle of the Penny Ice Cap, bisected should be prepared to live outside for the entire trip and DAYS from North to South by the Akshayuk pass, have camping experience. an immense valley opens inland. A trek 14 surrounded by austere looking, barren Kekerten Island plateaus, that will take you to two of the and Pangnirtung NIGHTS park’s most spectacular lookouts, Thor Peak and Mount Asgard. After leaving Auyuittuq Park, a Panniqturmiutaq guide 2 (Pangnirtung resident) will take you on a boat ride to HOTEL On your way, you will have an opportunity to the remarkable Kekerten Island, where you can see the see impressive rock formations dating back remnants of a whaling station that would have been at its to the last ice age, moraines, boulder fields, CAMPING11 busiest in the 1870s. To this day, the artifacts on Kekerten and much more. During this hike, you will Island are carefully preserved. -
Sirmilik and Ukkusiksalik Showcase Inspiring, Dynamic and Spectacularly Beautiful Examples of the Arctic’S Natural Regions
parkscanada.gc.ca Wild, Exotic, Arctic! Your Adventure Awaits. Bringing you Canada’s natural and historic treasures Mettant à votre portée les trésors naturels et historiques du Canada Dare to explore where relatively few visitors trek each year—to the far reaches of Canada’s Arctic. Discover protected ecosystems of the vast and rugged north. Celebrate the establishment of some of Canada’s newest national parks. Meet the people who call the Arctic home. Auyuittuq, Quttinirpaaq, Sirmilik and Ukkusiksalik showcase inspiring, dynamic and spectacularly beautiful examples of the Arctic’s natural regions. parkscanada.gc.ca These national parks are among the most remote and northerly in the world and are protected for their unique natural and cultural environments for today’s Canadians and future generations. Nunavut. Real. Inspiring. parkscanada.gc.ca parkscanada.gc.ca Bringing you Canada’s natural and historic treasures Bringing you Canada’s natural and historic treasures Mettant à votre portée les trésors naturels et historiques du Canada Mettant à votre portée les trésors naturels et historiques du Canada Bringing you Canada’s natural and historic treasures Mettant à votre portée les trésors naturels et historiques du Canada Welcome Quttinirpaaq National Park The park is on northern Ellesmere Island. To get to Quttinirpaaq, visitors arrive by charter airplane from Resolute Bay, from late May to late August. Quttinirpaaq Contact park staff for information about sharing charter flights with other visitors or choose your trip with a licensed tour operator. Sirmilik National Park The park is on northern Baffin Island. Local outfitters from Pond Inlet or Arctic Bay provide snow machine access in spring (May and June) Grise Fiord and boat access in summer and early fall (August and September) to the park. -
Auyuittuq National Park
Auyuittuq National Park Visitor Information Package To arrive prepared, to identify backcountry challenges and to plan an enriching Arctic experience, please read this package thoroughly. Photo: Michael H Davies 2018 i For More Information Contact our Park Offices in Pangnirtung or Qikiqtarjuaq, or visit our website. Pangnirtung Office Qikiqtarjuaq Office Phone: (867) 473-2500 Phone: (867) 927-8834 Fax: (867) 473-8612 Fax: (867) 927-8454 [email protected] [email protected] Hours of Operation Season of Operation September through June Mid-March through mid-September: Monday to Friday, 8:30 a.m. - 12 noon, 1 p.m. - 5 p.m. Hours are variable. Call in advance to arrange Closed weekends orientation times. July and August Closed late September through early March Open 7 days a week, 8:30 a.m. - 12 noon, 1 p.m. - 5 p.m. parkscanada.gc.ca/auyuittuq Related Websites Auyuittuq National Park website: parkscanada.gc.ca/auyuittuq Nunavut Tourism: www.nunavuttourism.com Mirnguiqsirviit – Nunavut Territorial Parks: www.nunavutparks.com Weather Conditions Pangnirtung: www.weatheroffice.gc.ca/city/pages/nu-7_metric_e.html Qikiqtarjuaq: www.weatheroffice.gc.ca/city/pages/nu-5_metric_e.html Transport Canada: www.tc.gc.ca Pangnirtung Tide charts: www.waterlevels.gc.ca What kind of explorer are you? Find out how to maximize your Canadian travel experience by visiting www.caen. canada.travel/traveller-types All photos copyright Parks Canada unless otherwise stated ii 2018 Table of Contents Welcome v Important Information 1 Pre-Trip, Post-Trip, Permits