DOCSLIB.ORG

Consequences of Omnivory and Alternative Food Resources on the Strength of Trophic Cascades

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Consequences of Omnivory and Alternative Food Resources on the Strength of Trophic Cascades ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: CONSEQUENCES OF OMNIVORY AND ALTERNATIVE FOOD RESOURCES ON THE STRENGTH OF TROPHIC CASCADES Steven D. Frank, Doctor of Philosophy, 2007 Directed By: Associate Professor Paula M. Shrewsbury Department of Entomology & Professor Robert F. Denno Department of Entomology Omnivorous predators that feed on prey and plant resources are recognized as an important component of food webs but their impact on herbivore populations and trophic dynamics is unpredictable. Feeding on food items from multiple trophic levels increases the reticulate nature of food webs and the labile role of omnivores in promoting trophic cascades. Using carabid beetles in a corn agroecosystem, this research explored the interactive effects of predator guild (omnivore or carnivore) and the trophic origin of alternative food resources (seeds or fly pupae) on the control of herbivores (black cutworms) and plant survival. I demonstrated that the trophic guild and feeding performance of carabids can be predicted from their mandibular morphology. Carnivorous carabids, using mandibles with sharp points and a long shearing edge, kill and consume caterpillars more efficiently than omnivores that have mandibles with wide molar areas adapted for consuming prey and seeds. Omnivore preference for seeds and pupae further reduced their consumption of cutworms, which resulted in increased plant damage, ultimately dampening trophic cascades. In open field plots the abundance of omnivorous carabids and ants increased in response to seed but not pupae whereas neither subsidy affected the abundance of carnivorous predators. Pupae subsidies reduced predation of cutworms by carnivores and omnivores, consequently reducing seedling survival. However, in seed subsidized plots omnivorous predators switched from seeds to higher quality cutworm prey. Thus, predation of cutworms increased with cascading positive effects for seedlings. This research demonstrated that omnivorous carabids interacted more strongly with alternative food resources, particularly seeds, than carnivores. In addition, this difference can be linked to morphological differences that reduced omnivore efficiency as predators suggesting omnivores may be less effective agents of biological control. However, increased tenure time and aggregation to plant resources by omnivores helped restore trophic cascades, and should enhance biological control. Understanding the predacious behavior of omnivores in resource diverse environments is essential to predicting their role in trophic dynamics. I provide evidence that the trophic origin of alternative food drives the strength of this interaction and the extent to which omnivores promote trophic cascades. CONSEQUENCES OF OMNIVORY AND ALTERNATIVE FOOD RESOURCES ON THE STRENGTH OF TROPHIC CASCADES By Steven D. Frank Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2007 Advisory Committee: Associate Professor Paula M. Shrewsbury, Chair Professor Robert F. Denno, Chair Professor Pedro Barbosa Professor Galen Dively Associate Professor Irwin Forseth © Copyright by Steven D. Frank 2007 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my committee members for their time, expertise, and guidance as my research came to fruition. I would particularly like to thank Galen Dively who always made time to offer advice on an experiment, solve a statistical crisis, or track down his homemade corn jigger. I also thank Mike Raupp who introduced me to entomology (and Paula) and has been a valuable mentor and colleague ever since. From Mike I learned that you can’t be an entomologist when you grow up. You have to pick one or the other. I am grateful to the numerous laboratory and field technicians who helped me accomplish this research. However, I am truly indebted to Steph Wyman who was always willing to get up early, forego lunch, or stay out late – usually all in the same day– to get these experiments accomplished. Without Steph’s undue loyalty (and organization) the world would have had to wait considerably longer to understand how omnivory and alternative food resources affect trophic dynamics. I benefited from having two phenomenal advisors. Bob Denno brought a new and exciting dimension to my research and my perception of the natural world. From Bob I have learned an extraordinary amount that will enhance my career and contribution to the field of ecology. I am grateful to Paula Shrewsbury who started my scientific career and taught me every step of the way. Upon learning about her research I knew immediately, and for the first time, what my life’s work would be. I am grateful for her support of my many interests and projects which have helped me develop as an independent and confident scientist. More importantly, Paula has always prepared me to achieve my goals after school. Therefore, confident and well- trained as I may be, I will also be able to get a job. I am grateful to members of the Shrewsbury and Denno labs for helpful comments on experiments and presentations. Ellery Vodraska has been a fun and patient officemate and was always willing to listen to my ideas and even got roped into a few. I want to thank Rob Ahern and Holly Menninger for their friendship and willingness to serve as adjunct lab members. I am particularly grateful to Rob Ahern for our regular discussions and diversions as we took this journey together. I would like to thank my family for their life long support and encouragement. I am grateful to my father who nourished my love of nature by taking me fishing or picking up dead raccoons which was my, but not his, ideal weekend. I cannot thank my mother enough for everything she has done for me over the years. Under her subtle guidance I chose to stop following the Grateful Dead, abandon my budding careers in the Arkansas crystal mines and as an herbalist’s apprentice, and go to college. She never told me what to do. Rather, she helped me realize what I actually wanted and made that path so enticing I couldn’t help but follow it. And here I am. Finally I want to thank Sarah, my best friend and wife. Sarah has been extremely supportive of my work and goals and very understanding of their unpredictable nature. I cherish our relationship and look forward to fulfilling our goals and our next, exciting chapter together. ii Table of Contents Acknowledgements....................................................................................................... ii Table of Contents.........................................................................................................iii List of Tables ................................................................................................................ v List of Figures............................................................................................................viii Chapter 1: Mandibular morphology predicts trophic guild and feeding performance in predacious carabid beetles ............................................................................................ 1 Abstract..................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 3 Methods..................................................................................................................... 9 Study system ......................................................................................................... 9 Relationship between mandibular morphology and guild membership ............. 12 Handling time of active and passive prey by omnivorous and carnivorous carabids with differing mandibular morphology ................................................ 17 Results..................................................................................................................... 19 Relationship between mandibular morphology and guild membership ............. 19 Effect of mandibular morphology and food type on handling time and food preference............................................................................................................ 21 Morphological and handling time differences between omnivorous and carnivorous carabids ........................................................................................... 23 Discussion............................................................................................................... 24 Applied implications........................................................................................... 32 Tables...................................................................................................................... 34 Figures..................................................................................................................... 40 Chapter 2: Consequences of omnivory and alternative food resources for herbivore suppression and the strength of trophic cascades ....................................................... 51 Abstract................................................................................................................... 51 Introduction............................................................................................................. 53 Methods................................................................................................................... 57 Study system ......................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Dow Agrosciences Petitions (09-233- 01P, 09-349-01P, and 11-234-01P) for Determinations of Nonregulated Status for 2,4-D-Resistant Corn and Soybean Varieties
    Dow AgroSciences Petitions (09-233- 01p, 09-349-01p, and 11-234-01p) for Determinations of Nonregulated Status for 2,4-D-Resistant Corn and Soybean Varieties Draft Environmental Impact Statement—2013 Agency Contact: Sid Abel Biotechnology Regulatory Services 4700 River Road USDA, APHIS Riverdale, MD 20737 Fax: (301) 734-6352 The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’S TARGET Center at (202) 720–2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326–W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250–9410 or call (202) 720–5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mention of companies or commercial products in this report does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over others not mentioned. USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of any product mentioned. Product names are mentioned solely to report factually on available data and to provide specific information. This publication reports research involving pesticides. All uses of pesticides must be registered by appropriate State and/or Federal agencies before they can be recommended. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, and fish and other wildlife—if they are not handled or applied properly.
    [Show full text]
  • Abundance and Diversity of Ground-Dwelling Arthropods of Pest Management Importance in Commercial Bt and Non-Bt Cotton Fields
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology Entomology, Department of 2007 Abundance and diversity of ground-dwelling arthropods of pest management importance in commercial Bt and non-Bt cotton fields J. B. Torres Universidade Federal Rural de Pernarnbuco, [email protected] J. R. Ruberson University of Georgia Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub Part of the Entomology Commons Torres, J. B. and Ruberson, J. R., "Abundance and diversity of ground-dwelling arthropods of pest management importance in commercial Bt and non-Bt cotton fields" (2007). Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology. 762. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub/762 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Annals of Applied Biology ISSN 0003-4746 RESEARCH ARTICLE Abundance and diversity of ground-dwelling arthropods of pest management importance in commercial Bt and non-Bt cotton fields J.B. Torres1,2 & J.R. Ruberson2 1 Departmento de Agronomia – Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Dois Irma˜ os, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil 2 Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, USA Keywords Abstract Carabidae; Cicindelinae; Falconia gracilis; genetically modified cotton; Labiduridae; The modified population dynamics of pests targeted by the Cry1Ac toxin in predatory heteropterans; Staphylinidae.
    [Show full text]
  • Coleoptera: Carabidae) Diversity
    VEGETATIVE COMMUNITIES AS INDICATORS OF GROUND BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) DIVERSITY BY ALAN D. YANAHAN THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2013 Urbana, Illinois Master’s Committee: Dr. Steven J. Taylor, Chair, Director of Research Adjunct Assistant Professor Sam W. Heads Associate Professor Andrew V. Suarez ABSTRACT Formally assessing biodiversity can be a daunting if not impossible task. Subsequently, specific taxa are often chosen as indicators of patterns of diversity as a whole. Mapping the locations of indicator taxa can inform conservation planning by identifying land units for management strategies. For this approach to be successful, though, land units must be effective spatial representations of the species assemblages present on the landscape. In this study, I determined whether land units classified by vegetative communities predicted the community structure of a diverse group of invertebrates—the ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Specifically, that (1) land units of the same classification contained similar carabid species assemblages and that (2) differences in species structure were correlated with variation in land unit characteristics, including canopy and ground cover, vegetation structure, tree density, leaf litter depth, and soil moisture. The study site, the Braidwood Dunes and Savanna Nature Preserve in Will County, Illinois is a mosaic of differing land units. Beetles were sampled continuously via pitfall trapping across an entire active season from 2011–2012. Land unit characteristics were measured in July 2012. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordinated the land units by their carabid assemblages into five ecologically meaningful clusters: disturbed, marsh, prairie, restoration, and savanna.
    [Show full text]
  • STORGARD Insect Identification Poster
    ® IPM PARTNER® INSECT IDENTIFICATION GUIDE ® Name Photo Size Color Typical Favorite Attracted Geographic Penetrate Product Recommendation (mm) Life Cycle Food to Light Distribution Packages MOTHS Almond Moth 14-20 Gray 25-30 Dried fruit Yes General Yes, Cadra cautella days and grain larvae only STORGARD® II STORGARD® III CIDETRAK® IMM Also available in QUICK-CHANGE™ Also available in QUICK-CHANGE™ (Mating Disruptant) Angoumois 28-35 Yes, Grain Moth 13-17 Buff days Whole grain Yes General larvae only Sitotroga cerealella STORGARD® II STORGARD® III Casemaking 30-60 Wool, natural Yes, Clothes Moth 11 Brownish days fibers and hair Yes General larvae only Tinea pellionella STORGARD® II STORGARD® III European Grain Moth 13-17 White & 90-300 Grain Yes Northern Yes, Nemapogon granellus brown days larvae only STORGARD® II STORGARD® III Copper Indianmeal Moth Broken or 8-10 red & silver 28-35 processed Yes General Yes, Plodia interpunctella days larvae only gray grain STORGARD® II STORGARD® III CIDETRAK® IMM Also available in QUICK-CHANGE™ Also available in QUICK-CHANGE™ (Mating Disruptant) Mediterranean Gray & Flour and Flour Moth 10-15 30-180 processed Yes General Yes, black days larvae only Ephestia kuehniella cereal grain STORGARD® II STORGARD® III CIDETRAK® IMM Also available in QUICK-CHANGE™ Also available in QUICK-CHANGE™ (Mating Disruptant) Raisin Moth Drying and 12-20 Gray 32 days Yes General Yes, dried fruit larvae only Cadra figulilella STORGARD® II STORGARD® III CIDETRAK® IMM Also available in QUICK-CHANGE™ Also available in QUICK-CHANGE™
    [Show full text]
  • Coleoptera: Carabidae)
    Zootaxa 4647 (1): 134–153 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4647.1.12 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:41BAFD61-40D1-446C-BE22-CA8C7FE54FC3 Two new species of Australian Eutarsopolipus (Acariformes: Podapolipidae) from Nurus medius (Coleoptera: Carabidae) OWEN D. SEEMAN Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Qld, 4101, Australia. Abstract Eutarsopolipus burwelli sp. nov. and E. echinatus sp. nov. (Acari: Podapolipidae) are described from Nurus medius Darlington, 1961 (Coleoptera: Carabidae), a large burrowing carabid beetle found in the rainforests of coastal central Queensland, Australia. Eutarsopolipus burwelli belongs to the ochoai species group, which is herein refined, and E. echinatus is placed tentatively in the pterostichi species group. A revised key to the species groups of Eutarsopolipus is provided. The synhospitalic species of Eutarsopolipus are reviewed and synhospitality within the genus is discussed. Key words: Heterostigmatina, key, insect parasites, species groups, synhospitality, taxonomy Introduction Eutarsopolipus Berlese, 1913 (Acariformes: Podapolipidae) is the largest genus of Podapolipidae with 71 described species (Katlav & Hajiqanbar 2018), all of which are subelytral parasites of carabid beetles. Regenfuss (1968) sepa- rated the genus into several species groups, subsequently augmented by other authors, with up to 14 species groups now recognised (Husband & Husband 2009). This informal classification aids identification and provides a useful means of discussing purported relatedness between species, but a phylogenetic test of these species groups has not yet been accomplished. The genus is widespread, being found on every continent where carabids exist.
    [Show full text]
  • Additions to the Checklist of Wisconsin
    66 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 47, Nos. 1 - 2 Additions to the Checklist of Wisconsin Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Including the Adventive Harpalus rubripes (Duftschmid) Among Seven New State Records Peter W. Messer1 Abstract Sixteen species are added to the checklist of Wisconsin Geadephaga. Of these, seven species are reported here as new to Wisconsin. Nine taxa from the list are affected by new information resulting in the removal of six names. The Eurasian beetle Harpalus rubripes was discovered as early as 2009 on annu- ally surveyed beaches along Lake Michigan in southeastern Wisconsin. This discovery greatly extends the species distribution westward from its presence in northeastern North America where it was first recorded in 1981. ____________________ There appears no end to the current accelerated pace of published faunal records and regional checklists. The vast majority of such endeavors are based arbitrarily on political geographic units rather than on well-defined natural systems. The scientific and esthetic allure of the ground beetles has contrib- uted greatly to the surge in publications (e.g., Erwin 2007, 2011; Erwin and Pearson 2008) on Western Hemisphere Caraboidea, the catalogue of North American Geadephaga (Bousquet 2012), and the concerted effort among users of BugGuide.net to supplement the latter catalogue by archiving new records at http://bugguide.net/node/view/744417. Bousquet (2012) updated all 2678 valid North American Geadephaga species-group taxa along with consolidating everything known about their geographic-political distributions. The present contribution adheres to Bous- quet’s nomenclature, classification, and phylogenetic order of the tribes. The relevant hierarchal classification descends according to order Coleoptera: suborder Adephaga: superfamily Caraboidea = Geadephaga: families Trachy- pachidae, Rhysodidae, and Carabidae.
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape and Local Controls of Insect Biodiversity in Conservation Grasslands
    Land 2014, 3, 693-718; doi:10.3390/land3030693 OPEN ACCESS land ISSN 2073-445X www.mdpi.com/journal/land/ Article Landscape and Local Controls of Insect Biodiversity in Conservation Grasslands: Implications for the Conservation of Ecosystem Service Providers in Agricultural Environments Thomas O. Crist 1,2,* and Valerie E. Peters 1 1 Institute for the Environment and Sustainability, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-513-529-6187; Fax: +1-513-529-5814. Received: 3 May 2014; in revised form: 23 June 2014 / Accepted: 30 June 2014 / Published: 14 July 2014 Abstract: The conservation of biodiversity in intensively managed agricultural landscapes depends on the amount and spatial arrangement of cultivated and natural lands. Conservation incentives that create semi-natural grasslands may increase the biodiversity of beneficial insects and their associated ecosystem services, such as pollination and the regulation of insect pests, but the effectiveness of these incentives for insect conservation are poorly known, especially in North America. We studied the variation in species richness, composition, and functional-group abundances of bees and predatory beetles in conservation grasslands surrounded by intensively managed agriculture in Southwest Ohio, USA. Characteristics of grassland patches and surrounding land-cover types were used to predict insect species richness, composition, and functional-group abundance using linear models and multivariate ordinations. Bee species richness was positively influenced by forb cover and beetle richness was positively related to grass cover; both taxa had greater richness in grasslands surrounded by larger amounts of semi-natural land cover.
    [Show full text]
  • Activity Patterns of Carabidae and Staphylinidae in Centipedegrass In
    ,. 1, Activity Patterns ofCarabidae and Staphylinidae in Centipedegrass in Georgia1 S. Kristine Braman and Andrew F. Pendley Department ofEntomology College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Experiment Stations Georgia Station, Griffin, GA 30223-1797 J. Entomol. Sci. 28(3):299-307 (July 1993) ABSTRACT Pitfall traps were used to determine the carabid and staphylinid fauna in managed centipedegrass turf during 1989-1991. Twenty­ one species of carabids and 16 species of staphylinids were identified. The relative activity and species composition of the two families of beetles varied with year and site of study. Seasonal activity patterns, as indicated by the pitfall trapping method, for the most abundant species are presented. KEY WORDS Insecta, centipedegrass, carabids, staphylinids, seasonal activity. Growing concerns about the potential problems associated with pesticide use, such as ground water contamination and hazards to human health, have spurred interest in adoption of alternative pest management methods in the urban environment. Factors limiting development and implementation of integrated pest management for urban turfgrass systems include a lack of knowledge of the basic biology and ecology of beneficial arthropod communities that occur in such settings (Potter and Braman 1991). Beneficial arthropods including carabid and staphylinid beetles occurring in turf have been mentioned by several authors (e. g., Bohart 1947, Reinert 1978, Mailloux and Streu 1981, Cockfield and Potter 1984). Effects of chemical management on beneficial invertebrates in turf have also been assessed (e.g., Cockfield and Potter 1983, Potter et al. 1990, Vavrek and Niemczyk 1990, Braman and Pendley 1993). Studies characertizing the turfgrass arthropod faunal composition and seasonality are needed to facilitate three areas of improved pest management: prediction of pest and beneficial arthropod phenology, manipulation of selected taxa, and biological control.
    [Show full text]
  • Butterflies of North America
    Insects of Western North America 7. Survey of Selected Arthropod Taxa of Fort Sill, Comanche County, Oklahoma. 4. Hexapoda: Selected Coleoptera and Diptera with cumulative list of Arthropoda and additional taxa Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1177 2 Insects of Western North America. 7. Survey of Selected Arthropod Taxa of Fort Sill, Comanche County, Oklahoma. 4. Hexapoda: Selected Coleoptera and Diptera with cumulative list of Arthropoda and additional taxa by Boris C. Kondratieff, Luke Myers, and Whitney S. Cranshaw C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 August 22, 2011 Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity. Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1177 3 Cover Photo Credits: Whitney S. Cranshaw. Females of the blow fly Cochliomyia macellaria (Fab.) laying eggs on an animal carcass on Fort Sill, Oklahoma. ISBN 1084-8819 This publication and others in the series may be ordered from the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523-1177. Copyrighted 2011 4 Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................7 SUMMARY AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS
    [Show full text]
  • And Crotalomorpha Camini (Acari: Crotalomorphidae), Ectoparasites of Stenolophus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Michigan, U.S.A
    The Great Lakes Entomologist Volume 37 Numbers 1 & 2 - Spring/Summer 2004 Numbers Article 2 1 & 2 - Spring/Summer 2004 April 2004 Distribution of Eutarsopolipus (Acari: Podapolipidae) and Crotalomorpha Camini (Acari: Crotalomorphidae), Ectoparasites of Stenolophus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Michigan, U.S.A. Robert W. Husband Adrian College David O. Husband Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Husband, Robert W. and Husband, David O. 2004. "Distribution of Eutarsopolipus (Acari: Podapolipidae) and Crotalomorpha Camini (Acari: Crotalomorphidae), Ectoparasites of Stenolophus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Michigan, U.S.A.," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 37 (1) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol37/iss1/2 This Peer-Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Great Lakes Entomologist by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. Husband and Husband: Distribution of <i>Eutarsopolipus</i> (Acari: Podapolipidae) and 10 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 37, Nos. 1 & 2 DISTRIBUTION OF EUTARSOPOLIPUS (ACARI: PODAPOLIPIDAE) AND CROTALOMORPHA CAMINI (ACARI: CROTALOMORPHIDAE), ECTOPARASITES OF STENOLOPHUS (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) IN MICHIGAN, U.S.A. Robert W. Husband1 and David O. Husband2 ABSTRACT Three acarine parasites of Stenolophus spp are described from Michigan. Eutarsopolipus elzingai Husband (Acari: Podapolipidae), previously known from eastern Kansas, Eutarsopolipus brevichelus Husband and Husband, with one Michigan record, and Crotalomorpha camini Lindquist and Krantz (Acari: Crotalomorphidae), previously known from Kansas, Nebraska, Arkansas and Oklahoma, are widely distributed in Michigan as subelytral parasites of Stenolophus comma (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and Stenolophus lecontei (Chaudoir), the seed corn beetle.
    [Show full text]
  • Bitki Koruma Bülteni 60-2 Kapakk
    ISSN : 0406-3597 E-ISSN : 1308-8122 PLANT PROTECTION BULLETIN Volume 60 | Number 2 April - June , 2020 PLANT PROTECTION BULLETIN / BİTKİ KORUMA BÜLTENİ Volume 60 No 2 April - June 2020 Owner Ayşe ÖZDEM FARSHBAF, Reza - Iran ALKAN, Mustafa - Turkey ASAV, Ünal - Turkey GÜNAÇTI, Hale - Turkey AYDAR, Arzu - Turkey IŞIK, Doğan - Turkey İMREN, Mustafa - Turkey KARAHAN, Aynur - Turkey BATUMAN, Özgür - USA KAYDAN, Mehmet Bora - Turkey KODAN, Münevver - Turkey KOVANCI, Orkun Barış - Turkey SERİM, Ahmet Tansel - Turkey ÇAKIR, Emel - Turkey TOPRAK, Umut - Turkey TÖR, Mahmut - UK DURMUŞOĞLU, Enver - Turkey ULUBAŞ SERÇE, Çiğdem - Turkey EVLİCE, Emre - Turkey ÜSTÜN, Nursen - Turkey published four times a year with original research articles in English or Turkish languages on plant protection and health. It includes research on biological, ecological, physiological, epidemiological, taxonomic studies and methods of protection in residue, toxicology and formulations of plant protection products and plant protection machinery are also included. Article evaluation process is based on double blind referee system and published as open access. Annual biological studies, short Abstracted/indexed by EBSCOhost, CAB Abstracts, Clarivate Analytics-Zoological Record, TR-Dizin. Plant Protection Bulletin is quarterly publication of the Directorate of Plant Protection Central Research Institute on behalf of General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies. Correspondence Address : +90 (312) 315 15 31 AZİM MATBAACILIK Büyük San. 1.cad Alibey İşh. 99/33 İskitler, 06030 (0312) 342 03 71 - [email protected] www.azimmatbaacilik.com PLANT PROTECTION BULLETIN / BİTKİ KORUMA BÜLTENİ Volume 60 No 2 April - June 2020 Contents / İçindekiler Fumigant toxicity at low temperature of four different essential oils against different stages of Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) .........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • What Is a Healthy Forest?
    SINCE 1976 THE FRIENDS OF DYKE MARSH SUMMER 2015 What Is a Healthy Forest? Challenges Include Invasive Aliens and Global Warming Join us on September 16, 7:30 p.m., when Joe Marx will discuss what a healthy Mid-Atlantic forest might look like, whether the pre-settlement forest was in fact healthy, and what chance a healthy forest would have in our era of invasive FODM Quarterly Meeting aliens and global warming. Wednesday, September 16, at Definitions of forest health vary 7:30 p.m., Huntley Meadows greatly along a scale from total human Park, Norma Hoffman Visitor exclusion to total human management. Center, 3701 Lockheed Blvd., Although the Mid-Atlantic states were Alexandria, VA 22306. Phone blanketed with a largely deciduous forest Scenic view of the George Washington 703-768-2525. Free to all. at the time of European contact, the abo- National Forest. Photo by Bob Veltkamp. riginal peoples manipulated this forest to Calendar of Events a much wider extent than is commonly Field Studies program sponsored by the August 29 - 10 a.m., Pollina- realized. Today, many in the natural histo- Graduate School USA and the Audubon tor Walk; details, see page 5. ry community hope that the remaining Naturalist Society. October 24 - 10 a.m., Fall Col- Mid-Atlantic forestland can be preserved The meeting is cosponsored by the ors Walk; details, see page 5. in a healthy condition. What should we American Horticultural Society, the Po- November 18 - 7:30 p.m., Fall aim for? What is the right balance be- towmack Chapter of the Virginia Native FODM Quarterly Meeting; tween combating alien organisms and Plant Society, the Fairfax Chapter of Vir- LoriAnne Burnette on nature’s letting natural succession run its course? ginia Master Naturalists and the Fairfax exquisite timing, phenology.
    [Show full text]