2008 Academic Report A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership Printed by Publishers Printing Company Shepherdsville, Kentucky Governor’s Scholars Program 2008 Academic Report Contents Lett er from the Executi ve Director ...... 2 2008 Scholars by County ...... 3 Community Life ...... 4 Focus Area Classes ...... 6 Agribusiness & Biotechnology...... 6 Architectural Design ...... 6 Astronomy ...... 7 Biological & Environmental Issues...... 8 Business & Economic Theory...... 10 CommunicaCoomm ti ons & Social Studies ...... 11 CrC eati vee WWririti ngn & Literary Studies ...... 13 Culturala Anthropopologyolo ...... 15 Drama...... 16 EnE gineeering ...... 18 Fiilm Stutuddies ...... 19 Heeaaltht ccare Indn usu try...... 20 Historiccal Ananalysis ...... 21 Inteernati onal Relaati ono s ...... 22 Jaapaneesee Languagge & CuCultturu e ...... 23 Journalisms & Mass MeMedid a ...... 24 Modes of Mata heemati caal TThininkik ngn ...... 24 Music ...... 25 Philosophy ...... 26 Physical Science ...... 27 Politi cal & Legal Issuess ...... 28 Psychology ...... 30 Russian Language & Cultuuree ...... 32 Spanish Language & Hispaanin c Culturu e ...... 32 Visual Arts...... 33 General Studies Classes...... 35

1 Letter from the Executive Director

Dear Supporters and Friends of the Governor’s Scholars Program, As you know, 2008 marks the 25th Anniversary of the creati on of the Governor’s Scholars Program. In April, 1983, Governor John Y. Brown joined together with community leaders David Jones of Humana and John Hall of Ashland to address a phenomenon blighti ng the Commonwealth: the “brain drain.” Kentucky’s best and brightest students were leaving home to pursue educati onal and career opportuniti es elsewhere without fully understanding their potenti al to succeed in Kentucky—and Kentucky’s potenti al to succeed through them. Governor Brown’s soluti on, which became a reality thanks to both public and private support, was to create a program to introduce our Commonwealth’s emerging leaders to all the opportuniti es for them to excel here in Kentucky and, more importantly, to introduce them to one another. So began the Governor’s Scholars Program. Lillian Press, the Program’s fi rst Executi ve Director, had just two months to organize GSP’s inaugural summer session; by June, 230 students were parti cipati ng in the Governor’s Scholars Program on the campus of Centre College. Never- theless, to those of us familiar with the Program today, that fi rst GSP would have been enti rely recognizable: the schol- ars had all been nominated and selected to att end; they parti cipated in three classes, the equivalents of today’s Focus Area, General Studies, and Seminar; and they all att ended the Program enti rely free of charge. The essence of the Governor’s Scholars Program also remains unchanged. GSP has always encouraged faculty and scholars to come to- gether as an intellectual community that values learning for its own sake and strives to achieve the greater good. Although the fundamental nature of the Governor’s Scholars Program has not changed since 1983, the Program’s scope has expanded dramati cally over the past quarter century. In fact, already in its second summer, GSP expanded to a second campus (Eastern Kentucky University) and more than doubled its student body to include 561 scholars. By 1998, the 10,000th scholar had completed the Program. Convinced of the Program’s effi cacy and desiring to impact as many students as possible, the 2000 Kentucky General Assembly approved GSP’s expansion to a third campus. As a re- sult, the Program’s fi rst third campus opened in June, 2001, and total parti cipati on increased to 1,000 scholars. Today, I am proud to report that the Governor’s Scholars Program conti nues to encompass three campuses—Bellarmine University in Louisville, Centre College in Danville, and Morehead State University in Morehead—and touches the lives of over 1,050 scholars each summer. In fact, even as the Program celebrated its 25th Anniversary, it achieved anotheranoth milestone: the 20,000th scholar completed GSP in 2008. However, the true triumph of the expansion of the GSP student body arises not simply from the number of scholars served,d but from the breadth of our Commonwealth that they represent. The 1983 class includedded scholarsscholars frofrom 94 of Kenntucky’s 120 counti es, noti ceably lacking representati on from the state’s far easternrn aandnd weestern regions. When Sherleene Sisney was appointed to serve as the Program’s second Executi ve Directorector in 1992, achieeving broader geo- graphical representati on became one of GSP’s prioriti es. As a result, GSP ininiti atted sustained recruitment and retenti on eff orts and, in 2007, scholars from every county in the Commonwealthth parti cipated in the Program. I am pleaseded to report that in 2008, the Governor’s Scholars Program once againn accceptedd scholars from all 1200 Kene tuucky coounti ese . The GGovernor’s Scholars Program has certainly enjoyed signiifi cant growth during the paast twenty-fi vev yeaarss, buut has iti remained true to its original objecti ves? I believe it has. Eaach yeaarr, as we seek too nurture Kene tucky’y s nnext gene erati on of civic and economic leaders, we bring together talentented students and facculu ty froom every corner of ouur CoC mmmon- wealth. In fi ve short weeks, we introduce them too cuurrent Kentucky leaders——mam ny of whom are forrmeer schholars, themselves!—and we advocate that they pursue edducaati onal and career pap ths that will aff ordd them the oppoortunity to succeedu both as individuals and as Kentuckiananns. MMost importantly, wee enccourage theem to share theirr enthuusis asm wiw th one another and to form friendships thaat will last a lifeti mem . Thah nks to the opportuniti es that theyy experience aand the bonds that they form at GSP, Goverernor’s Scholars develop an increased appreeciati on of and commmitment to our Commonwealth. As a result, 86% ooff the 2007 scholars chchosose to pursuue hiigher educati on in Kentuckyk and, on average,v they accepted an impressivee $577,946 in four-yyear schoh larshiipps. AsAs the Governor’s Scholars Programm enters its second quarter cennttury, we will undoubtedly encountter neew chhal- leenges and opportuniti es for growwth.. Thanks to the onggoing suupppoort of the individuals and organiizati ons, bootht publicp and private, who have beeeen ssuch good friends to us overr the past twenty-fi ve years, we loook forwarrd to embracinge these opportuniti ess as we conti nue to nuurture oour CCommonwealth’s future leaders through the nnext twenty-t fi ve years and beyond.. Sincerely,y

Aris Cedeño Execuxecuti veve DirectorDirector & AcademicAcaddeme ic DDeanea

2 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 2008 Scholars by County

Counties with 1-3 Governor’s Scholars in 2008 Anderson Clinton Grayson Lee McLean Morgan Spencer Ballard Critt enden Green Leslie Meade Nicholas Trigg Bath Cumberland Harrison Letcher Menifee Ohio Trimble Breathitt Esti ll Hickman Livingston Mercer Owen Union Breckinridge Fleming Jackson Lyon Metcalfe Powell Washington Butler Fulton Knott Marti n Monroe Robertson Webster Carlisle Gallati n Lawrence McCreary Montgomery Simpson Wolfe

Counties with 4-6 Governor’s Scholars 7-9 Scholars Adair Casey Harlan Marion Rockcastle Allen Lincoln Bell Clark Hart Marshall Russell Barren Logan Bourbon Clay Henderson Mason Todd Calloway Nelson Bracken Edmonson Knox Muhlenberg Wayne Grant Rowan Caldwell Elliott Laurel Owsley Whitley Henry Shelby Carroll Garrard Lewis Pendleton Hopkins Carter Hancock Magoffi n Perry LaRue

10-14 15-25 26-50 51+ Boyd Bullitt Boone Fayett e Boyle Campbell Hardin Jeff erson Christi an Daviess Kenton Floyd Jessamine Oldham Franklin Madison Warren GrGravesaves McCrackenMcCracken GreenuGreenupp PulaskiPulaski JoJohnsonhnson Scott PiPikeke WoodfordWoodford TTayloraylor

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Kentuckky Leadership 3 Community Life

Although the Governor’s Scholars Program includes three structured academic components—the Focus Area, Gen- eral Studies, and Seminar classes—opportuniti es for learning at GSP have never been confi ned by class schedules. The scholars’ curiosity propels them to seek knowledge in everything that they do, whether they are interacti ng with renowned speakers, discussing classic fi lms, performing original skits, playing intense games of Frisbee, or organizing awareness-raising rallies. As a result, the Governor’s Scholars Program has thrived as a living, learning community for twenty-fi ve years. In 2008, as the Program celebrated its 25th Anniversary, Governor’s Scholars on all three campuses enjoyed a vi- brant Convocati on Series. They took part in interacti ve presentati ons featuring adventurer Tori Murden McClure, Secretary of State Trey Grayson, Att orney General Jack Conway, and dance troupe Flamenco Louisville. These accomplished Kentuckians shared their enthusiasm with the scholars through both formal presentati ons and the casual one-on-one conversati ons that followed. In additi on, all three campuses off ered the scholars the opportu- nity to parti cipate in the weekly Showcase talent shows (either as performers or as audience members), to raise their ACT scores through a guided prep course, and to explore educati onal opportuniti es available in Kentucky at the GSP College Fair. These acti viti es are just a few of the Governor’s Scholars Program’s many traditi ons; as the years have passed and the host campuses have changed, many Program methods have proven to be ti meless in both their appeal and their eff ecti veness. Nevertheless, each summer brings a new community to each campus, a new cadre of emerging leaders brimming with enthusiasm for new ideas and eager to undertake new challenges. Thanks to this unique combinati on of traditi on and innovati on, the Governor’s Scholars Program community is both familiar and fresh, year aft er year. Bellarmine University For the fi ft h year, scholars on the Bellarmine University campus took full advantage of their proximity to Louisville as they traveled throughout the metropolitan area. As a community, the scholars enjoyed fi eld trips to the Frazier Museum of Internati onal History, to the Louisville Slugger Museum, to the Ali Center, to the Louisville Science Center, to a Louisville Bats baseball game, to a Louisville Fire arena football game, and to Six Flags Kentucky King- dom. Scholars, R.A.s, faculty, and staff also parti cipated in the campus’s third annual Communitmmunity Service Dayy, durir ng which nearly every member of the GSP-Bellarmine community volunteered att one of fi ft een seervice sites through- out Jeff erson County. In one day alone, the GSP-Bellarmine communityty doonated ovver 2,000 hours of service to the people of Metro Louisville. Many of the scholars made anotherr dodonati on to thhe greater Louisville commununitty when the Red Cross came to campus during the last week of thehe PProogram. TThanks to a new law ala lowinng 166-yeeara - olds to give blood with their parents’ permission, far more schchoolars than ever before parti cipattedd in thhiss year’r s GSP blood drive, resulti ng in the donati on of a record 181 usabablle pinttss. OthOther exxciti ng acti viti es ininclc udded the Game of Liffee, whiichc im-m mmersed scholars in a simulu atede society and alloowede theem to experience fi rstt-hana d thhe wways in which ssocioeeconoomic status, liitteracy, and otheh r factc ors infl uence ann individual’s abillitty to “succeed;” Artts Day, which gaave schholars the oppportunity to dabblee in thhe viv sual and perfoorrming arts, experimeenti ng with everythihing from ti e-dyying to salsa dancing; and the FoF urth of July cele ebraati on, duringg which the scholars transfoormem d tht em- selves into humaan parade fl oats, discussed their persoonan l un- ded rstanding of freedom, and feasted on picnic faree at a celel brra-a tory cookout. Many of the campus clubs and aacti viti es were organnized by the scholars themselves, including tthe Night Coom- mutte that ovveer one third of the campus commmunity parti cippat- ed in to raaisee awareness about the plight of children in Ugaanda aft er vieewinng the documentary The Invisible Children. During the Bellarmine campus Fourth of July parade, the scholars transform themselves into human fl oats.

4 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 Centre College This year, the Centre campus enriched its traditi onal internati onal theme by adding an emphasis on Kentucky cultures. During a surprise fi eld trip, the scholars, faculty, and R.A.s all att ended the River of Music Party Bluegrass Festi val in Owensboro. The Saturday aft ernoon line-up was a true multi cultural experience; in fact, one of the fi rst groups to perform was a bluegrass band from Italy. Many of the scholars were relati vely unfamiliar with bluegrass music. For them, this fi eld trip of- fered important insights into their Kentucky heritage. Explore Kentucky Day introduced the scholars to many other aspects of Kentucky’s rich history and culture, including the museums and architecture of Louis- ville; the beauty of Natural Bridge, Mammoth Cave, and the Knobs of Berea; the traditi on of the Thoroughbred Center; and the living his- tory of Perryville, the site of Kentucky’s largest Civil War batt le. In order to raise awareness of the global community, the campus Scholars enjoy a meal in Centre’s hosted its traditi onal daylong Internati onal Day celebrati on. The day’s temporary dining facility, Chowan. Opening Convocati on included a Global Fashion Show, performances of Russian songs and a Japanese play, and the dedicati on of one thousand paper cranes symbolizing peace. Schol- ars then dispersed to parti cipate in a number of seminar classes on internati onal topics and to visit the Interna- ti onal Marketplace, where they could try the Mexican drink horchata, receive a semi-permanent henna tatt oo from India and Northern Africa, learn about modern slavery, have their name writt en in Chinese, and enjoy many other fun and educati onal booths. The day closed with an internati onal feast incorporati ng fare from the Carib- bean, Africa, China, the USA, and many other countries. Like the other aspects of Internati onal Day, the cuisine was unfamiliar to most of the scholars, but was well received by all. Morehead State University On thethe MoreheadMor State University campus, now in its third year, the scholars enjoyed a number of special acti vi- ti es. For the fi rstt ti meme thithis year, the campus organized a Diversity Day, which began with a presentati on by the Flamenco Louisviv lle dance trroupeouo pe and included the performance of a work writt en and performed by the Drama focus area that highliighted various formforms of diversity. Aft er the performance, the scholars parti cipated in vari- ous breakout sessions that inccluded d a visisitt to the Appalachian Heritage museum, a traditi onal folk music perfor- mance, a semini ar on religious diverssity, andd a vvisitisit from an assistance dog and his handler, who spoke about using animaal therapy to heelp individuals with vaariouo s specialece ia needs. The day ended with a one-woman performance by Jeennifi eer Rose, whoo uses d traditi onal songs to tell the life story of an Appalachian woman. For their Community Servicce Day this yeae r, the scholara s and stas ff of the Morehead State University campus divid- ed into twenty groups to purrsue coommmunity service prrojo ects aatt a variety of diff erent locati ons. While one group workedd togetheh r to paia nt and beauti fy the playground at a locaall el- ementary school, othere s devov ted their ti me to aacti viti es like pip ckkiningg up litt er scatt ered around thee Morehead State Univi ersity campus and clearing the trails at a Rowwana Couo nty parkk. Alll in all, nearly 373 5 members of the GSP-MSU communiity contribbuteed appror ximateely twwo hours each, for a total impact of momorer than 750 hhourrs workedd for tht e good of Rowan County and the city of Morehheead. Other acti viv ti es, most oft en scholar-generatedd, aboundded on the GSP-MSSU ccammpus. A knitti ng club, the Jane Aussten fan club, a varieety of sporrts cclubs,, an ecumenical prayer group, and a philosoophy clubu were only a few of the many experiences that thee scholars initi ated and eenjooyyed.

With the members of their Seminar as their teammates, Morehead scholars build camaraderie during the GSP Olympics.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 5 Agribusiness & Biotechnology

Morehead State University “Thanks to The goal of Melissa Travis’s Agri- business & Biotechnology focus this class, area was to expose the scholars to I have come as many diff erent aspects of agri- to appreciate culture, agribusiness, and biotech- nology as possible. agriculture Acti viti es at MSU’s Derrickson Agri- and I have cultural Complex included a tour of learned that the vet tech center, an equine day, a its uses and beef catt le/swine day, and a morn- ing at the shrimp pond. Scholars importance in this class also visited Sheltowee reach far Farm (a gourmet mushroom farm), performed an electrophoresis lab beyond the with a geneti cs professor, and lis- traditional tened to various guest speakers in- realm of food.” cluding the chair of MSU’s Depart- ment of Agricultural and Human Mary Ellen Wimberley, Sciences, a representati ve from the Agribusiness scholars saddle up for equine day activities. Model Lab High School Sierra Club, a state FFA educati on spe- cialist, and an MSU professor who discussed remote sensing and GPS. As in the past, the Kentucky Department of Agriculture brought its Mobile Science Center to the MSU campus and led the scholars in an ice cream making acti vity. Architectural Design

Morehead State University Scholars in Ben Rademaker’s Architectural Design focus areaa wworked in the areas of desigi n, devvele opmennt, annd cconn- structi on of related projects. The goals of the course wereeree not only to explore theh varrioousu aspece tss of archhitecture, but also to allow the scholars to think criti cally, to makeke ddecisioons in a variety of seetti ngsg , aand to assume leaddership roles inherent to group producti on. For their fi rst acti vity, the scholars worked in grououps too design prottotypess forr como munity parkks based on suggested themes. The parks were required to clearly didisissplay the att ributees of thhe chosen theemme. This exercisee introduced the scholars to some of the tenets of landscscape architectuure. As they worked witth classmates to ded sign theeirr parks, the scholars also experienced somee of thhe diff erent dyny ammicics of group intteracti on. The second acti vity involved the construcucti on of a bird hoh use based on a fammous architectural structuru e.e In order to complete this project, the students builtt models based onn their owwn deesigns and then implemented thheie r idi eas in the constructi on phase. The well-k-knoowwn structures thata the schollaars chose to recreate includedd the Big Bene clock tower, the Morehead State Uniiverrssity Presiided nt’s house, otthher MSU buildings, and the Kentuckky Governnor’s mansion. This acti vity allowed schoolars the oppportut niityy to builld sccale models, to work with professional archittec- tural tools, and to explore creati vee deesign techhnin quq es.

“This class taught me a number of valuable real-world skills—and it was truly enjoyable, too!”

Kaitlyn Fouts, Greenwood High School

6 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 Astronomy

Bellarmine University Scholars in Ashley Murphy’s Astronomy focus area combined hands-on work constructi ng solar moti on models, star clocks, and 60-mm refracti ng telescopes with theoreti cal work analyzing astronomical theories and debat- ing new models for the future of manned space fl ight. In order to practi ce observati onal astronomy, the scholars spent several nights outside on Bellarmine’s campus. Despite the haze from summer weather and city lights, the scholars observed constellati ons as well as Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn and became profi cient in the use of digital photography to capture their views. During a trip to Western Kentucky University, schol- ars enjoyed a visit to the Department of Physics and Astronomy, the plan- etarium, and the remote observatory for WKU’s roboti c telescope. When renowned astronomy educator Bob Summerfi eld visited Bellarmine’s cam- pus, bringing with him telescopes of diameters up to 25 inches, the scholars enjoyed the rare opportunity to use the largest traveling observatory in the Scholars pose in front of the portable planetarium. United States. The very best night for observati on took place in LaGrange, Kentucky, at the home of Dale and Leslyn Rushing. There, the class enjoyed an uncharacteristi cally clear night of star- and satellite-watching. Through the course of the fi ve week Program, the scholars became familiar with the night- sky constellati ons and currently-visible planets, “It was learned how to use and maintain their own tele- amazing to see scopes, and built the foundati ons for potenti al careers in science. real weather systems on Rico Tyler’s Astronomy focus area off ered schol- ars a broad introducti on to observati onal as- Jupiter and, tronomy and the methods that astronomers use of course, the to understand the universe. Each Astronomy scholar began the summer by constructi ng his satellites were or her own telescope and learning how to use it. spectacular.” Other class highlights included evening observ- ing sessions, astrophotography, the community Jonathan Grabau, star party, and the fi eld trip to the WKU obser- Tates Creek High School Scholars tour the WKU Bell Robotic Observatory. vatory. Kari Ward, a Western KeK ntuuckky Uniiveerrsity Astronommy Teacchinghi Fellow, assisted both Astronomy focus areas on the Bellarmine University campuus. An Acti ono Agenda GrG ant frffromo Western Kentucky University provided parti al funding for Kari’s att endad nce at GSP and for several Astronomyy cclassla acti viti es. Morehead State University Michael Feeback’s Astronomy focus area studdied various topics ini space science with an emphasis ono obsb ervati oonaal aststronomy. Clasa s acti viti es included identi fying consn teellati ons and exploring deepp-sky objects. In additi on to using thheie r oown refracti ng tele- scopess, whici h they constructed from PVC parts and surpluus opti cs, the schholaars were also able to get a close-up look at the wow rld- class raadio teleescs ope on the Morehead State Unniveersity camppus. Whenn seelf-desccribed “professional amateur asttronnomer” Boob Summerrfi eld visiited the Morehead campus, he helpedd the schol- arrs exxpplore the dday and night skies using telescopes of aall sizes.

Paying careful attention to detail, scholars work through the process of building their own telescopes.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 7 Biological & Environmental Issues

Bellarmine University In Greg Smith’s focus area, scholars studied issues that are impacti ng individuals’ health and safety both locally and globally. The scholars also explored nature and considered the ways in which they could each positi vely and negati vely aff ect the environment. “This class On one fi eld trip, the class visited the Lou- was full of isville Zoo. There, the scholars learned opportunities to about populati on dynamics and the eff ects of habitat destructi on on endangered and try something threatened species. In order to experience novel and nature fi rst-hand, the class went on a primi- to learn more ti ve overnight backpacking trip. During this adventure, the scholars learned to start a fi re about myself.” without matches, to cook over a campfi re, to test a stream’s water quality, and to identi fy Desta Lissanu, wildlife. Somerset High School The class also considered the signifi cance of hunti ng for populati on control and discussed what it means to be an ethical hunter. The scholars learned fi rearm safety, fi rst aid, and survival skills. For a hands-on applicati on of these ideas, the scholars went to a local Sportsman’s Club, where they were intro- After learning about population control and ethical duced to skeet shooti ng, rifl es, and archery. hunting, the scholars try their hand at archery. Centre College Led by faculty member Jamie Hesterr, scholaholaars in this course explored the biology of stress and learned about coping techechniqques relaated to stressors. Class did sccusssis ono centered around Robert Spaloskysky’y s bbookk WWhy Zebras Don’t Get Ulcl errs. A nummbeer of guest speakers augmentedted the sccholars’ conversaati ono s. Thhey incn luuded d DrD . CCass- tenada, a psychology profeofeesssor from Georgetown Colleege whoo spokke to thhe group about post-traumati c ssttreess dissorder; Cathy OsO waalld, a local massage thheerapist who taught the art and tetechniqquue of hand and shoulu der massage; and Dr.r Whitee, a re- ti red Centre Collegege Psycchobiologyy pror fef ssoro who talked about hhis twwenty years of work with the Louisvville Zoo studyyiing caapti vity stress in wwoolly monkiees. The scholarss werre able to practi cee theiir hand and shooulder massagee techniquees when theyy vvisited a local longg-tterm care facility. There, they spent overr two hours giving resisidenntts massages. Of thih s experiencee, scholar Abby Fieldhousse off Assump- ti on Highgh Scchhool remarked,d “Taking ti me to visit with and massage the ellderly has really opeenned my eyes to a whole diff erent group of people and alloowedd me to appreeciaatte how theiri needsd are simmilar to my own.” Wheen class discusss ion tturned to culturally-related stressors, scholars begann to ponondeer whether “stresss ” woulld exist within contrived communiti ees such as the Ab- beey oof Gethseme anani,i a centrall Keentucky monastery. Aft er experieencing prayerss andd pparti cipati ng iin a questi on aand answer session with Gethsemanni’s Father Seeaamus, tthe scholarss concludu ed thaat ssome stress may be innate.

Before offering their masseuse services at a long-term care facility, scholars practice their massage techniques on one another.

8 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 Scholars in Greg Jacobelli’s focus area investi gated the environmental prob- lems we, as a global community, are facing. One of the class’s defi ning ele- ments was the realizati on that most of the problems that we humans face in our environment were created by our hands and that, as a result, we all must claim some responsibility. Exti ncti on became the class’s other major focus as the scholars examined humans’ pos- sible role in the next major exti ncti on event. Class members also explored alternati ves to their traditi onal ways of interacti ng with the environment and generati ng energy. During the fi rst week of the Program, scholars walked to the Danville Cem- etery to consider regional populati on dynamics. As they discussed the ways in which booms in the human popula- During a trip to a Danville cemetery, scholars ti on can directly or indirectly create dif- fi culti es, they used the cemetery as an study local population growth. illustrati on of life-spans and populati on growth in the Danville area. The scholars then turned their att enti on to considering methods for creati ng a sustainable society. They trav- eled to Berea, Kentucky, where they visited Berea College’s Ecovillage and spoke with Dr. Richard Olson about the sustainability program. This trip allowed the scholars to appreciate how easy it can be to implement some responsiblesponsible andand sustainablesu practi ces.

“Biological and Environmental Issues really opened my eyes to the problems facing our environment. Now I can do my part to help fi x them.”

Andrea Hiller, Scott High School

During the second half of the Pro- gram, the class spent ti me hiking and exploring in areas including Cave Run Dam, the Red River Gorge, and Natural Bridge. These excursions exposed the scholars to forest, lake, and river ecosys- tems and enabled them to wit- ness fi rst-hand some of the dam- age that such areas are suff ering. As a result, the scholars devel- oped a real-world understanding ofo the importance of the conser- vav ti on that they had discussed in thhe classroom.

Biology scholars search for fossils.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 9 Business & Economic Theory

Bellarmine University Scott Takacs’s Business & Economic Theory class looked at entrepreneurship and small business in several interacti ve setti ngs. The scholars formed an on-campus sand- wich business to raise money (over $140) for the Neighborhood House, a local char- ity. In additi on to allowing the scholars to address a community need, this project provided them with valuable lessons in pricing, market responsiveness, and inven- tory control. The scholars also assisted a Louisville musician with her marketi ng eff orts, spoke with Kurt Rutowksi of the Louisville Independent Businss Associati on (LIBA), and parti cipated in interacti ve trad- ing simulati ons. Bellarmine scholars showcase a marketing poster and a menu for their on-campus sandwich business. Refl ecti ng on the impact of the class’s speak- ers and fi eld trips, scholar Olivia Ryan of Highlands Lati n School said, “The representati ve from LIBA and the Keep Louisville Weird Campaign provided a lot of insight on the importance of supporti ng local and independent busi- nesses. We discussed the economic and social advantages of keeping money in the local area. Aft er these discus- sions we took fi eld trips to local businesses to enhance and supplement what we had just learned.” Centre College When transferred from a controlled learning environment to a practi cal applicati on, theories oft en fail to produce the expect- ed results. With this in mind, faculty member David Donathan designed a focus area class in whichh scholarscholars used discussion to develop a bett er understandingandinng of basic economic and busi- ness theories and thenen exexamined thhe cconsequences of blindly expecti ng theorieses to wwork in ppracti ce. Through this process, the scholars wewere ablee to appreciate the ways inn whicch add- ing peopleple to the mmix can change the reelati onsshiip betweee n theory,ry, practi ce, and results. In eeach of tht e sccenarios tht aat theyeyy considered, the scholarrs ussed crir ti cal thini kingg to ana alyze wwhat should have happenned (acccordid ng to theorry),, whhat ac- ttually happened in the reae l wow rld, and why thee reesuultss were what they weere. The schoolars enjn oyyede a visit frrom DDr. Ann Mooore, Chairr of Managemeent at St. Catharrine College, with whom they spoke abouut hoh w addverti sing aand mmarketi ng aff ect the consus mer. The clc ass viv sited a locaal Danville business to observee the real- world bub siness apppllicati ons of market economiccs and ottheh r business theoorieess. Finally, they traveled to the Zapposs.c. omm The Centre Business & Economic Theory class smiles outside Shoee Outlet in Shepherdsville, where the schollaars receiveed a of Zappos in Shepherdsville, where scholars got an up-close brieefi ng on thhe corporate culture and then touured the custoom- look at a cutting edge e-commerce facility. er fulfi llmmennt center, one the most technoloogically advannced ee-commmerrcce faciliti es in the US. According to scholar Jordan Tacckett of Bettsy Laynen High Schhool, the best thing about the Bussiness & Ecoonommic Theory focus area was that “it putt the reaal world into peersppecti ve by demonstrati ng that theorry is not allwayys as absolute as it seems.”

10 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 Morehead State University Scholars in Ali Ahmadi’s Business & Economic Theory class considered numerous economic concepts and issues from the point of view of theory. They covered topics including supply and demand, elasti city, producti on cost, infl ati on, unemployment, fi scal and monetary policy, internati onal trade, and internati onal fi nance. In additi on, the scholars debated current controversies related to the economic theories that they were learning. The topics “I learned of these class debates ranged from the environment to the living wage to internati onal trade and globalizati on. As they prepared for and parti cipated in the class debates, the scholars used factual and theoreti cal knowledge a great deal to help form, maintain, and express their opinions. Through the course of the debates, the scholars learned how about economics valuable informed, balanced thinking can be in the considerati on and expression of opinions regarding diff erent politi cal and economic issues. without sitting through a single Also, in order to bett er understand the Consumer Price Index, the scholars created their own index. Each week, the class traveled to a local store, where each scholar was responsible for keeping track of the prices of several boring class.” consumer items. Using this informati on, the class was able to construct its own Mock Index for the fi ve weeks of GSP. Kimberly Ferguson, Henry Clay High School During the last week of the Program, scholar Kimberly Ferguson of Henry Clay High School laughed as she reme- bered her initi al concerns about her Business & Economic Theory focus area. She recalled, “Before the fi rst class started, I was extremely worried that it would be dull and would drag on for fi ve long weeks. It was exactly the opposite. I loved going to class to learn about new concepts that I had never known existed. As I look back now, I realize that I learned a great deal about economics without sitti ng through a single boring class.” Communications & Social Studies

Bellarmine University IIn Jason Meenach’s Commmunicaunicati ons & Social Studies focus area class, scholars gained a new awareness of the forces that subtly shape consumeerr culculture and developed skills to help them make informed decisions based on accurate and reliable informmati on. The scholarsscho analyzed the relati onship between language and communicati on and paidi parti cuc lar att enti on to howw language is carefully manipulated to suit various purposes in media, adverti s- inng, and pooliti cs. A variiety of acti viti es helpped theh scholars achieve e thhe courseco objecti ves. The class began the summer by read- ing un•Spun: Findding Faccts in a World of [Disinforrmam ti onn]] by Brooks Jackson and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. The sccholars suppplemented thhisi readid ng by taking a wallking trip to a grocery sttoree, where they looked for exaamples of “disinformati onn” onn ttheh labels of products they usse rer gularlr y. The class allso viisiti ed with sttaff meembersm of the Louisville Courier-Journal ana d Markk Pimi ennttel,, theh General Mannagerna at WHAS-11 news in Louisville, who elaborated on the challenges facing newsn media and journalists in the 21st centturu y. The sschollars enjoyed guest vvisitsisi from U.S. Senate candidate Bruce Lunsfford and Rickk Blaackwwell, the fof rmmmere President of the Louisville Metro Council. OnO e of thhe claass highlights was a tripp to the Louisville Zoo, where Assistant EdE ucati on Curaatot r Doug Mc- Coy sppoke wiw th the scholars about the many uniiquq e wayss in whicch animaals commuuniccatee. As a cuulmminati ngg project, the scholars designed theiir own television news netwwoorkss and wrote and produced news storiess to “air.” Through the couursee of this prroject, the scholars did research, wrootet and edited their oown stories, andd fi lmed them in a way designed to refl ecct a parti culu ar view- point. At the Louisville Zoo, scholars learn about the many means by which animals communicate.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 11 Centre College Because lett er writi ng is a ti me- less form of communicati on, scholars in Amy Maupin’s Com- municati ons & Social Studies class explored various lett ers from well-known authors and writers, including United States presidents and contemporary poets. In additi on to reading and discussing lett ers by such no- tables as Thomas Merton, James Baldwin, and Rainer Maria Rilke, scholars wrote their own lett ers, some more personal and friendly to folks back home and others more formal and structured like that of an argumentati ve essay. Communications scholars discuss famous thinkers’ Because Merton was a Trappist letters before composing their own. monk at the Abbey of Gethse- mani here in Kentucky, the class traveled to Lorett o, Kentucky, to visit the famous monastery. Criti cal reading, writi ng, and thinking were the predominant goals for the class, and the lively discussions did not disappoint. Scholars pondered various “big questi ons” related to the ways in which we communicate by lett er as well as the importance of the lett er as historical record. If there was one general theme to the class, it was to ask what it means to be a human being and how writt en correspondence can provide space for such explorati on. When asked what he would take away from his focus area experience, scholar Nathan Carter of Warren CCentralentral High School responded without hesitati on, “The greatest lesson that I learned in Communicommunicati ons is to alwaysy think criti cally. I learned that for every point there’s a counterpoint, for every stancetance theere’s an altl ernati ve, and for every agreement there is some dissent. We must choose where to stand.”d. Morehead State University Scholars in Garrett Graddy’s Communicati ons & Social Studtudiees claass explored the concept of theh “inter-lol ccal,l ” considering the ways in which re-valuing local traditi onsns aand knowledges cann be a meana s off connecti ng places rather than isolati ng them. Aft er watching a documentntary madde especially for Apppap laachhiai n students by a Peeruvian group working to preserve Andean traditi ons, the scscholarrs began their own documentary project ressearrchinng and presenti ng arti sti c, agricultural, medicinal, and mmusicaal heritage in Appap lachiaa. They met and inteerviv ewede local arti sts, farmers, gardeners, and a quilter and vivisitedd and documene ted GGladdie Historic Homee, Ft. Boonnesboro, the “For the fi rst time, Kentucky Folk Art Center, the Kentucky Cententer foor Traditi onaal Music, annd the Sustainablle Mountain Agriculturral I feel as though Center of Berea. I have found the The scholars also collected material fromm a riicch variety of guuest prp esenteers: Drr. N’Jaiye spoke about the cono ti nuity Kentucky in me.” of Dogon cosmology; 95 year-old Maee Sonns introduced thee cllass to the traditi on of planti ng by the siggnsn of the moon; a local pott er discussed the immporrtance of keeping traditi onnal Blackfeet ceremonies alive; annd thee Clack Ashley Elkund, Mountain String Band and a local “oldld-ti mme” balladeee r ennttertaineed thhe scholars with their traditi onal arts. John A. Hardin High School Amidst gathering footage, the schoolars read texts about integrati ng local knowledges into educati onal curriculu a: Foxfi re books, essays on sustainabble educati onn, ana d pop etry by WWendell Berry, to whom the schoolars wrote quues- ti ons and whose responses they inclluded in theeirr movie. Ass they immersed themselves in Apppaalachian herittaage,, members of the class tried their hannds at garddening, harvesti ng berries, baking zucchini bread and cornbreadd, annd of course the art of rendering a story colleecti vely in docuumeentary form. The goals of the class were to cuulti vaate appreciati on for the treasury ofo knnowledges in Keentucky annd Appalachia and to connect the wwork of ree-valuuing these traditi ons to parallel movovemments across thhe counttry, conti nent, and world. The class’s fi nal product waas an incredible fi lm about Appalachhia.

12 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 Creative Writing & Literary Studies

Bellarmine University Frank Ward’s Creati ve Writi ng & Literary Studies class focused on real world applica- ti ons for scholars, providing an environment identi cal to those within which semi- professional writers work. Scholars functi oned within a writers’ group structure, generati ng a wide range of forms, including poetry, fi cti on, personal essays, narrati ve forms, and drama. One major weekly component of the class was the roundtable assessment through which scholars parti cipated in criti cal evaluati on of each other’s work. The scholars also met with professional writers, dramaturgists, playwrights, and editi ors to discuss the realiti es of writi ng as both an arti sti c form and a profes- sional endeavor. Scholars published their work on the class’s website (www.geociti es.com/wfw2424), which was shared with the rest of the Bellarmine campus and with the world. Through a joint project with the Drama focus area, the scholars had the opportunity to write and produce nine independent plays, each of which was performed live for the enti re GSP community and recorded for a DVD anthology. Finally, thanks to a collaborati on with a local writer’s group, all of the work that appeared on the class website was considered for publicati on in a regional anthology. Centre College Through the course of the summer, scholars in Leigh Koch’s focus area discovered what it means to be an arti san of the writt en word. They acquired this knowledge through multi ple projects centered around understanding oneself, contemplati ng During a trip to Actors Theatre of others, observing the world, absorbing history, and taking acti on as a writer. Louisville, many scholars experience The scholars explored various setti ngs with an author’s eyes, including a town walk public transportation for the fi rst time. in which they observed people in the community, a cemetary stroll where they re- fl ected upon the long forgott en, a photograpy adventure where they learned to ap- preciatee sseeingeeing the world in their own way, and a fi eld trip to the Underground Railroad Freedom Center where thhey remembered the leessonssss ons ti me teaches. On one occasion, the scholars spoke with Wilhelmina Koch, a woman born in Shanghaii, Chini a, andd adooptedpte by Russian parents. Through her, they discovered a world that existed be- yond the four walls of a classroom or thetht e boundariesb of a state. This learning became especially real when they trranslata ed their newfound knowledge off an unfamiliarun culture into representati ons of Chinese calligraphy based onn Chinnesee poetry. Thhey later exhibited theirr creati ons in the Internati onal Day Marketplace. The scholars also usede thheir viisual aeestheti c to create an intriicatet papierer mache mask with an accompanying piece of writi ng for the Art Show. Each of these e unniqquue experiences prooviv ded ininspirasp ti on for the scholars’ writi ng. As they shared their ownn wririti ngg, ddisscusu sed each othher’s wororks,k and explored outside of the text, the members of the class refi ned tht eir ability too unndeerstand ana d apprecciate othertht e authors’ voiceess. AtA the end of the Proggram,m the scholarrs demm- onstrated their growth as writi ers in two ways:s considering theh irr call to acti on as writers, theey disccusu sed how they wouuld use theeir writi ng aft er GSP and they shareed wiith one anootherr a fi nal writt enn pip ece inspired by fi ve weeks’ worth ofo experience annd innspiri ati on. The scholars in Tony Crunk’s Creati ve Writi ngn & Litteerara y SStudies focus areaa familiarized themselves with liteerar ryy works by Keentn ucky writers in a number of diff erent genres. At thee same ti me, they practi ced a vaariety of techniques for explorinng aand develoopip ngn their oown creati ve writi ng. Through the course off the Progrg amm, each schhoolar commpleted two original literary workss in diff erent genres. As a whoole, the class then read and discussede each meemm- ber’s works.

By providing constructive criticism, Creative Writing scholars help one another improve their work.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 13 Morehead State University This course, led by Ron Reed, focused on creati ng a colony of writers devoted to trying out diff erent techniques in creati ng prose and poetry, working with each other to be criti cal and supporti ve, and listening to accomplished writers. Chris Holbrook, Grant Alden, Bob Sloan, and Crystal Wilkin- son all visited the class to speak with the scholars about their craft . In additi on to reading works by Holbrook and Sloan, the scholars studied the librett o to La Traviata, an opera that they then att ended in Cincin- nati . The class also enjoyed visits with writ- ers at the Lexington Herald-Leaderr and the Jesse Stuart Foundati on. Using a blog system, the writers were able During a visit to the Jesse Stuart Foundation, to work on diff erent pieces and then pub- scholars learn about Kentucky’s rich literary heritage. lish those pieces when they were ready. By the end of the Program, the colony had created a solid body of works that well refl ected each member’s talents. Scholars in Phyllis Schlich’s Creati ve Writi ng and Literary Studies “I’ve been both humbled and exalted as a writer class developed their analyti c skills to interpret literary works and tapped their creati ve talents to become a community of more than ever before. I’ve always been the best readers and writers. Jodi Picoult’s My Sister’s Keeper served as writer in my class, so to be exposed to others just the basis for class discussion of writi ng techniques. Working as good and often better than myself knocked me with the poems included throughout the novel, the scholars learned how to use analyti c strategies such as annotati oonn andand off my comfy pedestal. I had to grow and work color-marking. and reach deep to keep up, and I loved it.” At the beginning of each clasclass meeti ngg, the scholars wrote in and shared ideas fromm thheir personala journals. They then turned Brianna Baron, Henderson County High School their att enti on to writi ng acti viti es that sti mulated poete ryr , crc e-e ati ve nonfi cti onn, and shoort story writi ng. On several occasions, the scholars traveled outside of thee classroom in search of liteeraryy inspiraati ono . Thhey parti cii- pated in a writi ng walkabout at Natural Bridge State PPaarrkk, where they wrote attopo theh briidge. They alsso trava eled to the Carnegie Center for Literacy and Learning inn LLexinggtton, where they haad the oppportunity to innteract with middle school student writers. Using their own popoetry aas models, the schholars led these budddinng wwritteers in a poo- etry writi ng acti vity. On a trip to the Jesse Stuartrt Founnddati on in Asshlannd, thee schc olars learrned too bett er apprrece iate Kentucky’s rich writi ng heritage. The class also enjoyed a visit from Kentntucky writer Jenny Davis O’Neill, who spoke withth theem about the many elements that can aff ect an in- dividual’s writi ng. As a fi nal project, scholars submitt ed a writt en piece for inclusion in the class literarary collecti onn, which they ti tled Phocus in honor of their focusu area class and its leader.

A scholar writes atop Natural Bridge.

14 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 Cultural Anthropology

Bellarmine University Scholars in Terence Gaskins’s Cultural Anthropology class explored the historical roots of human collecti ve joy as demonstrated through practi ces such as ecstati c dancing, festi vals and parades, and costuming and mask-wearing. They practi ced kinestheti c learning through salsa dancing in class and by att ending the Fourth of July Waterfront Celebrati on with thousands of other revelers all moving and grooving to the music of Parliament/Funkadelic. Thanks to their interacti ons with several Kentucky politi cans, in- cluding some running for electi on in the fall of 2008, the scholars were able to examine human groups’ universal cultural tendency to establish hierarchies of power. The class’s politi cal visitors in- cluded U.S. Senator Mitch McConnell and his challenger, Bruce Lunsford, as well as U.S. Representati ve John Yarmuth. Refl ecti ng on her focus area experience, scholar Hannah Colliver of Montgomery County High School said, “I learned to view the world around me not just through my own eyes, but through oth- ers’, as well. I can confi dently say that I can go into the world with a While conducting “participant-observation” greater understanding of its people, both past and present.” at a Louisville Bats baseball game, scholars witness Centre College the carnivalization of sports. Scholars in the Cultural Anthropology focus area led by Anne Murphy explored various types of monasti c prac- ti ces and traditi ons. The course was designed to introduce scholars to the noti on of purposeful living and it re- quired them to consider a number of questi ons. What makes a meaningful life? Why would a person choose to live away from society? What does a monasti c life provide or allow that is not possible in secular society? Class dialogue was fruitf ul and thought-provoking and, as a result, the scholars refl ected deeply about their own views off socieety,ty, seservice,rvr ice, rreligion, and human behavior. The course begana with an intnntroducrodu ti on to Christi an/Western monasti cism with a study of the Rule of Benedict along with the historyy of Europeean momonasteries and their infl uence on Western culture. Students spoke with a former Episcopalian nun and an Eastern OOrthodoxrt priest, both of whom have lived extensively in monasti c com- muniiti ees. These e guest speakers werre ini sighhtf ul aand off ered revealing testi mony about the rewards and trials of this demanndding lifesstyle. Following a brief introdo ucti on to Hinduism and Budu dhhism, scholars explored monasti c traditi ons of the East. They experienced the Hindu mem did tati vee practi ce of yoga wiw thh aann Emeritus Professor of Religion from Centre College. The students also journeyed to thee Zen Buddhist tempplel at FurnaceFuF Mountain, where they practi ced the centu- ries-old monasa ti c practi ce of zazeenn, a form of seae ted meditat ti onn withw an established guru. The class then undertooko an ini -depth study of onne of the woro ld’ss mostm famous monasti cs, Kentuckian Thomas Merton. This explorati on culmim naated with a trip to the Abbey of Gethsemani, wheere scholars sppoke wiw th one of Merton’s friends and fellow brothers annd joined the community for mid-dayy prayer. Throuughout the course, the scholars periodo iccala ly examinnedd the complex realti onship betwweeen monasti c livinng and art. Before the end of tht e Prograam, they created their own illuminateed manuusscriipt pagees to serve as reminders of their moonnasti c exploraati on. Led by an Emeritus Professor of Religion, scholars experience the Hindu meditative practice of yoga.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 15 Morehead State University Food choices were the focal point of the Cultural Anthropology experience for scholars in Larry Grabau’s class. “My favorite part They spent the fi ve weeks of the Program studying the food decision-making patt erns (otherwise known as food- of Cultural ways) of the residents of the Morehead area. Aft er a preliminary walk through the city gave the group a reason- able idea of what groceries and restau- Anthropology rants were available, the scholars went was speaking to to work developing a survey instrument. When the appointed day came, the class so many different surveyed over 400 people—simply con- types of people. ducti ng the survey proved to be a valu- How often do able experience, as scholars learned to take the risk of asking people whom they you talk to did not know to parti cipate. Upon com- Catholic nuns piling the survey results, the scholars rec- ognized several diff erences in foodways devoted to service among young adults and senior citi zens. and convicted In order to broaden this cultural experi- murderers in the ence, the scholars also learned about same day?” historic foodways in the Red River Gorge and Fort Boonesborough, parti cipated in Erin Wrightson, a service project at a women’s shelter in Henry Clay High School Sandy Hook, and ate lunch in the cafeteria Scholars administer their foodways survey at the Litt le Sandy Correcti onal Complex. at a Morehead grocery store.

Drama

Bellarmine University Scholars in Scott Vander Ploeg’s Drama focus area sought ann overaall appreciati on of all asppeccts of thhe thheae ttree, from writi ng for it to presenti ng in it. Their study involveded viewing and criti quinng thhree Shakesspeare produucti ons as well as immersing themselves in their own producti onns. To enhance their owwn compoositi on skkills, thhe scholars parti cipated in a playwriti ng workshop. They also sasampled improvisati on and stage como bat techniquq ess. Thhe class rehearseed extensively as they prepaared for booth livev and recoorrded performmaances.. For their culmminaati nng project, the scchol- arrs staged the tenn minnutu e plays wwritt en by the Creati ve Writi ng ffocus areaa foro the enjoymentt of thhe enti re GSP communin ty. Centre College Eric Abele’s focus area ccourse took a liberal-arts approoach to drar - mati c arrtss through thhe study of both performancee and dessignn. ScS holaarss studiedd thee play A Thousand Cranes by Kathherine Schuultz- MiM llerr and then deesigned costumes for and performmed in the pieece att theh Internaati oonal Day Opening Convocati on. VVivian Snipes, As- soocic atte Arti sti c Director at Lexington Children’s Theatre, lennt the cllass all thhe nnecessary props for the producti on and traineed thhe scchholars in booth Japanese Kabuki and Noh Theattre. Bellarmine scholars enjoy a production by a visiting drama troupe.

16 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 In accordance with the class’s focus on design, the scholars studied human proporti on, elements of design, and fashion history. They also enjoyed the privilege of tele-conferencing with Robyn Gebhart, a Hollywood-based draper who patt erned such fi lms as Spiderman and Princess Diaries 2. As their fi nal project, the scholars designed costumes for Engelbert Humperdink’s masterpiece opera, Hänsel und Gretel. Each scholar developed his or her own themati c approach to work, changing the scope of the opera to set- ti ngs including the slums of modern New York, the Victorian gothic, and the American pioneer, among others. When asked about her experience in the GSP Drama focus area, scholar Harlie Cooper of Presentati on Academy replied, “My drama class was not at all what I expected. I thought we would come in, play a few improv games and maybe do a scene. Instead, we focused on costume design, which- in the end- taught me more than any “acti ng” class could have. Not only have I come to appreciate costumes and the role they play in every producti on, I have learned to dedicate myself to something with which I have struggled, as opposed to leav- ing as a failure. I have learned to start over and make chang- es that need to be made unti l “... I have learned I have something to be proud to dedicate myself of, something beauti ful.” to something with which I have struggled, as opposed to leaving The class rehearses as a failure. A Thousand Cranes I have learned before their performance to start over and at the International Day make changes that Opening Convocation. need to be made until I have some- Morehead State University thing to be proud The oveeralll ggoals foor sccholaarsr in Melanie Kidwell’s DrDramaam Focus Area were to explore how theatre can be used as of, something a tool forr soccial justi cee, to createe their own worrk, andd to witnessw quality work in Kentucky theatres. beautiful.” The class began by reading The Laaraamim e Projectt by the Teecttonicon Theatre Project. Using The Laramie Projectt as a common text - one that focusess on isssues of tot lerance, accc eptaance,n and bigotry - scholars worked on interpreti ng, Harlie Cooper, staging, andd acti ng.g As a group, thhey decidded tot present selecctetedd scenes for their fellow scholars and to host a Presentati on Academy post-show discussion andn a cana dlelight vigil. Appprooximately twow -tthirdshih of the GSP community turned out for this event; the scholars considerede it a great success. The class then undertook the dauunti ng, but doaablee, project of creati ngg an original piece of theatre that focused ono the issue of diversity. The scholarss colllecti vely decic ded d ono a formaat anndnd then individually wrote scenes, staged dancn es, selected music, compiled slideshowws,s and coonduuctc eed interviews. TheyT presented the resulti ng creati on, which they called Project Diversity, as part ofo theh GSP Divverrsis ty Day. Througghouut the course of the Program, the class att enddeed various theattricaal producti ons across the Common- wealthh. Thhey traveled to Louisville for a producti on of Twelft h Nighht at the Kenntucky Shakespeare Festi val, where they met with aarti sti c director Curt Toft eland andd spooke witth hiim about his woork with the program Shakespeare Behinnd Bars. Theey also traveled to Kincaid Regionaal Theh atre in Falmmoouth to vvieww a producti on of Big River.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 17 Engineering

Morehead State University The Engineering classes taught by Stephanie Harmon, Jaby Mohammed, and Randy Stumler focused on the many opportuniti es in the fi eld of engineering. The scholars learned about various types of engineering and the educa- ti onal backgrounds necessary to work in each of those fi elds. Other areas of discussion included project design and presentati on and the importance of teamwork within the profession. “I never The scholars parti cipated in nu- imagined that merous problem-solving acti viti es. I would have In one instance, they worked with the U.S. Corps of Engineers to de- the privilege termine the opti mal locati on of a of dining with new boat ramp and access road Toyota executives at a Kentucky lake. They also un- dertook the “Windshield Problem” or working with when they visited Toyota Motor professional Manufacturing in Georgetown. In both instances, the scholars engineers on shared their soluti ons with engi- real problems. neers from these organizati ons This whole and received feedback about their work. During a tour of the Lex- experience has mark research faciliti es, the class been invaluable.” had the opportunity to interact After determining the optimal location of a new boat ramp with GSP alumni who are now par- and access route, scholars present their ideas to members Nick Crawford, ti cipati ng in Lexmark’s Engineering of the U.S. Corps of Engineers. duPont Manual High School Co-op program. Harmon’s Engineering class used Petroski’s analysis of the toothpick to sti mulate a discussion of design and func- ti on. To emphasize the problem-solving abiliti es required in the engineering fi eld, each of Harmon’smon s scscholarsholars designed an outf it of clothing that met certain form and functi on requirements and was conconstructed enti rely of duct tape. Scholars in Mohammed’s class focused on criti cal thinking and productt design. They leearned the basic concepts of tteechnical drawing and how to usee Autu oddessk Inveentor, a three dimensioonal parametric CADA ssoft ware. The sccholars used thiss soft warare to design a ballil sti c device, a protot type of which they theen construcctted out of plasti c bars, plassti c adaptors, rubber bandss, sccreewss, and dowew ls. Finally, aft er testi ng thheirr lauunchers, thhe sschoolars colleecteed data and coomparede the data with thhe thheoreti cal valuess calculateed using the pprojeecti le equati ons. Stummller’r s class worked around a theme of arrtts and design. In accordancce wiw th this theeme, the scholars each createed theeiri ownw wwire sculptures in the fashion of Alexaandeer Calder. Their fi nal class acti vity wwas Operati on Rescue, in which teams of schholars worked to make functi onal boats usinng only cardbooard and a limited supply of duct tape.

Engineering scholars collaborate on a problem-solving activity.

18 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 Film Studies

Bellarmine University Scholars in Craig Miller’s Film Studies focus area explored the craft of fi lmmaking by parti cipati ng in workshops in storytelling, writi ng, di- recti ng, producti on, visual eff ects, cinematography, and editi ng. They applied the lessons that they learned within these workshops as they each created their own one-minute short fi lms. During their “on loca- ti on” shooti ng experiences, the scholars worked hand-in-hand with a professional fi lmmaker as they each sought to tell their own personal story through fi lm. Class fi eld trips included a photographic explorati on of downtown Louisville, during which the scholars generated pictures that they later used as individual elements within a storytelling exercise. By the end of the Program, the young fi lmmakers had not only begun to learn how to master individual facets of the fi lmmaking process, but had also gar- nered a greater appreciati on of the process as a whole. Morehead State University The primary goal of Jay Langguth’s class was to introduce the scholars to the art of fi lm through a close study of two genres that elicit strong emoti onal responses from audiences: comedy and horror. In additi on to discussing the medium of fi lm and its relati onship to other forms of arti sti c expression, the class explored comedy and horror movies from the point of view of fi lm scholars. Aft er viewing and criti cally examining a selecti on of fi lms, the class began writi ng and shooti ng their own horror movie. Daniel Moore, an arti st from Cincinnati with an extensive background in photography and fi lm, conducted a two- dayday producprp oducti on workshop with the scholars before they began their fi nal editi ng. The cclasslass presentedpre their fi nished fi lm to the Morehead GSP commmunity during the lastasa t weweek of the Program. In the process of making their movvie, the scholars developed an ap- As part of a lighting exercise, scholars practice prreciati on for the kinds of aestheti c choiceess ththat are involved in fi lm photographing Miller’s son. crreati on. Thheey also leara ned fi rsthand the necessssityity of compromise in the faace of ccreati vee diff erences and that, at itts beest, ththe art of movie- making is trt uly a collaba orati ve uundertaking. “In my Film Studies class, I enjoyed constant hands-on training from a true fi lmmaking professional. It was an amazing learning experience!”

Alexandria Newsome, Shelby Valley High School

To prepare for making their own fi lm, scholars experiment with various shooting angles.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 19 Healthcare Industry

Bellarmine University Scholars in Anita Bowman’s class examined the per- sonal roles and responsibiliti es of current and future healthcare professionals by exploring causes, ramifi ca- ti ons, and strategies of interventi on. In order to make informed decisions, the scholars were challenged to “As a second seek the truth. Morgan Spurlock’s book Don’t Eat This Book: Fast Food generation and The Supersizing of America and the movie Super Governor’s Size Me both served as texts for the students as they Scholar, I grew considered personal and corporate responsibility for the increase in American and global obesity rates and up with my mom investi gated the health consequences of being over- telling me that weight. GSP was the With the assistance of KODA (Kentucky Organ Donor While participating in a simulation of aging, best experience Affi liates), the scholars implemented a community scholars attempt everyday activities service project aimed at raising organ donati on aware- like opening a bottle of medicine. she ever had. ness among their peers. As part of this undertaking, I didn’t know the scholars met with members of the Louisville Metro Department of Public Health and Wellness, who discussed epidemiological issues that may be contributi ng to the how true her increased need for organ transplants. At the culminati on of their project, the scholars enjoyed the privilege of statement was discussing the signifi cance of organ donati on with an organ transplant surgeon from Jewish Hospital. until I became a Another component of the class involved the scholars’ introducti on to body bequethment, which allowed them to scholar myself.” study and experience human anatomy up close. They had the opportunity to meet with an anatomist, who spoke with them about how bequethment has enabled medical research about trauma biomechanics. The scholars Morgan Stone, also read Death’s Acre: Inside the Legendary Forensic Lab the Body Farm – Where the Dead Do Tell Tales, through Berea Community School which they examined the roles that forensics can play for both victi ms and mourners. Finally,ly, the classclass visitedd the Cincinnati Museum Center, where the scholars viewed and analyzed the controversialversiall traveling exhibbit “Bodid es: The Exhibiti on.” In accordance with their class theme, “Care with Compassion,” scholarsolarss in Teresa Hoff mann’s Healthcare Industry class volunteered once a week at the Matti ngly Center for disabledbledd addults and completed volunteee r projects witth VistaCare hospice. When they were not busy with their handandss-on heealthcare experiences, thhe scs hoolaars deve ooteed their ti me to learning about a wide range of issues, inclucluding physical disabiliti ess and physicac l therrapy,y viruses and infecti on, curing disease at the gene level, the ttececchhniques and ethics of bib oengn ineeering, HHMOss and single paayer health insurance, aand tht e valuue of nutu riti on, meditati oonn, and exexercise as both preveentati ve meedicinne and compleemmenttary therapy. At the conclusion of thee Program, sccholar Reid Sti vers of Shelby County High School summed up whw att he had learned in his Healtcare Inndustrt y clc ass by saying, “We are thee generrati on that needs to put the ‘ccaare’ back intoo ‘healthcare.’”

Hard at work in a lab, Healthcare scholars acquire hands-on medical research experience.

20 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 Historical Analysis

Bellarmine University Scholars in Kent Juett ’s Historical Analysis class examined major issues and events in the twenti eth century and how they have infl uenced U.S. history. The scholars’ discussions spanned topics from Hitler and Nazi Germany to city plan- ning, the federal budget, the Civil Rights movement, and educati on in America. In conjuncti on with this theme, each scholar created a booklet that included what he or she believed to be the top 25 issues/ideas/events of the 1900s and explained how those 25 things had impacted American history. As the culmi- nati on of the course, the scholars all shared their individual top 25 lists with the enti re class. Other class acti viti es included an “Elite 8” tournament through which the schol- ars picked which American president was the best in his own ti me period. This acti vity catapulted the class into a discussion of the qualiti es that the scholars would seek in a future president. The scholars also organized a “dinner party” for historical guests, for which they prepared by generati ng their ideal guest list and by planning what questi ons they would ask at the table to help spark conversati on. Outside of the classroom, the scholars visited the State Capitol in Frankfort and toured the Kentucky Historical Museum. Members of the class also vol- unteered to take part in the GSP-Bellarmine Fourth of July celebrati on, during which they spoke about what the United States means to them. Two scholars suggest possible invitees for their class’s historical fi gure “dinner party.” Centre College Kristen Harris’s Historical Analysis course was based on the idea that history must be experienced, touched, writ- ten, read, and analyzed. Scholars learned that history is not a stati c list of dates, peoples, and events, but rather a fl uid and living thing, altered by individual perspecti ves, the discovery of new evidence, and criti cal thinking on the part ooff historians.historia With this philosophy in mind, the scholars spent fi ve weeks putti ng their hands on local hih story, reading andd discussingcussing controversial history texts, and creati ng and analyzing historical fi cti on. Before the Program began, eachh schcholarola was asked to transcribe a historical marker from his or her hometown. Theyy all brought these transcripti ons with themt to campus and used them as a basis for researching Kentucky towwns ana d counu ti es throughout histtory.y In a rrelatedela exercise in local history, the class enjoyed a guided tour of Daanvilllee’s Coonsti tuti on Square State Histooric Sitee. Aft er this experience, many scholars wrote insightf ul reacti ons inndid cati ngg thah t tht ey haad leaarnned more about Kentucckyy hhistory in one week than they ever had before. The second emphasiis of thih s courrsee laya in the analysy is of historicalhi texts, both fi cti on and non-fi cti on. Through readiing and clc ass discussionn of Hoowward Zinn’s A Peopplel ’s Historyisi t of the United States and viewing the History Channel’s “110 Days thah t Unexpeectedly Chaangede Americaa,”, thee cclass explored familiar events from unfamiliara pere sppeecti ves. For innstannce,ce scholars debated whether the Fouo nding Faathers were selfl ess hheroess in the noble experiment of democcracy or seelf-iintterese ted elites who developed a system to ensure theiri ownw power in soocic ety.y Turninng thheir att enti on to fi cti on texts, scholars read Frank X WaW lkerr’s’ Buff alo Dannce: The Journey of Yorkk and compaared iti to avvailable evidence conceerningn York, Lewis and Clark, and the historical conteext of the early 118000s.s Finally,, in aan eff ort to link local history with histoorir c fi cti on, the scholo - ars inttervviiewed residents at Danville’s McDowell Place abooutu their lives aand wrote a “Residents’ Story” that combinedd thee schollars’ hiss- tooricaal knowledgge with facts from the residents’ livess.

As they prepare to write their own historical fi ction, scholars interview residents at McDowell Place.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 21 International Relations

Bellarmine University To understand the complexity and interconnectedness of internati onal problems, scholars in Andrei Maximenko’s class explored perspecti ves of three diff erent types of internati onal actors: nati onal governments, private busi- nesses, and civil society organizati ons. The scholars contrasted two diff erent approaches to internati onal confl ict resoluti on, one centered on power and use of force and the other based on internati onal cooperati on and shared norms. They scoured Internet-based news media sources to fi nd informati on and prepare presentati ons about “International traditi onal as well as new security threats, such as terrorism, poverty, human rights abuse, and environmental Relations degradati on. The class also engaged in lively discussions of the themes raised in the PBS Frontline investi gati ve fi lm series, such as arms control, preempti ve war, crimes against humanity and genocide, internati onal environmental challenged me to regulati on, and others. think outside the As they became “experts,” the scholars were challenged to develop a strategy for resolving a parti cular issue. They bounds of history paid special att enti on to the possible means of bringing togther both state and non-state actors for the purpose books and take a of fi nding an eff ecti ve soluti on. Finally, in order to bett er understand practi ces of internati onal confl ict resoluti on through multi lateral diplomacy, the class observed actual United Nati ons Security Council deliberati ons on the glimpse into the Middle East and Darfur as they were broadcast over the Internet. real world at Centre College real-time issues.” This class, taught by Salome Nnoromele, introduced scholars to diff erent theories of internati onal relati ons to help Kati e Wampler, them gain an understanding of the historical, politi cal, and cultural ideologies that inform the subject as well as North Oldham High School to assist them in identi fying and evaluati ng their own views and atti tudes toward internati onal issues and ques- ti ons. The class considered the ways in which globalizati on and new technologies are changing the nature of relati on- ships across nati ons. On one occasion, Mr. John MacPhearson, co-owner of Lectrodryer, a multi -nati onal coopera- ti on with headquarters in Richmond, Kentucky, visited the class. Having just returned from a business trip to South Africa, Mr. MacPhearson shared with the scholars his experiences traveling around the world negoti ati ng deals for his corporati on. Another visitor to the class, Mr. Juan Pena from the Kentucky Human Rights Commission, spoke with the scholars about what it is like to immigrate to the U.S. He also explained his perspecspecti vvee on relati ons among various cultures both within Kentucky and within the U.S. The scholarholars spent a signifi cant porti on of the summummmer considering the structure and func- ti ons of the United Nati ons. ThT e class sstuddieed the challenges facing this giant innternati oonalal oorganizati on and debated somme off the currennt questi ons posed by itst criti cs, includinng whw ether the UNN is sti ll relevant to contempporaaryr gloobal politi caal and economic realiiti es and whether the sttrur cture of the Secuurity Counnccil ouughg t to beb moodifi ed in order to adequately repreeses nt thirrd world coouuntrries and issues. TTwo fi elld trrips underscored the clc ass’s s discus- sions. A visit to the Underground Raia lroaad Free- doom Center heightened the scholarss’ awwara ene ess of paast and ongoing human strugggles for freee- doom. Their trip to the Kentuckyy World Trar dee CCenter in Lexington, where theey were hossted by former Governor Martha Laane Collins, hiigh- lighted the role that Kentucky plays within the global economy.

International Relations scholars learn the art of Mancala.

22 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 Morehead State University “This class has Led by faculty member Blessing Maumbe, scholars in this course examined the key developments aff ecti ng in- opened my eyes ternati onal relati ons. The class researched and discussed a number of internati onal confl icts and wars including to issues that the 1990 Gulf War, the war in Iraq, and World Wars I and II and considered how each of these confl icts impacted global relati ons. Secondly, the scholars examined the role of major internati onal organizati ons such as the United are occurring Nati ons, AMNESTY Internati onal, and the Internati onal Criminal Court and discussed how they shape the inter- throughout the nati onal relati ons landscape. world today and The scholars also learned about historical and modern genocides, including the Holocaust and the killings in has inspired me to Rwanda, Darfur, and Bosnia. As a class, they discussed the implicati ons of these atrociti es on human rights and internati onal relati ons. In response to this discussion, the scholars launched a GSP-community awareness cam- take a more active paign about the need to end genocide and build a more peaceful world. In conjuncti on with this movement, they role in the global viewed the movies The Invisible Children and Hotel Rwanda. community.” The class ended the Program on a lighter note as they turned their att enti on to assessing the importance of inter- nati onal games like the 2008 Olympics, the 2010 World Cup, and the 2010 World Equestrian Games (to be held in Kelsay Froendhoff , Kentucky!) and the role that they play in fostering and improving the relati onships between countries. Newport Central Catholic High School

Japanese Language & Culture

Centre College Fumie Bouvier’s Japanese Language & Culture course fo- cused ono learning to speak the language as well as developing basic writi ng skkills. IInn fi ve weweeks, the class covered all ten chapters of the texttbbook Japanese Made EasyEaE syy anda learned to carry on simple con- versati ons. With theh ir newe ly-leaarned coconversati onal skills, the schol- ars were able to communicaate quite wellele l withw the two visitors who fl ew in fromm Japa an just to visit GSPP. In fact, ththee students performed soo weell thaat their pronun nciati on and connvev rsati oonalna skills surprised their Japaaneesee vissitoorss. Thhe scs holars’ impressive achichievement re- fl ected their ddedid ccati on to annd eenthusiasm for leaarnr ing ththee Japanese langguage. AnA otther chala lengge that the schollars uundertook was the constrrucu ti on of a Zen garden on theh Centre College campus. Upon its commpleti on,o this acti vity proved to be verry rewardinngg; thhe scholo ars frequeu ntlyy used their garden for class discussiono and inddividdual mmeditati onn. In fact, the rock and sand Zen gardene thah t the sscholars created waas Scholar shovel sand into their very own Zen Garden. sos inviti ng that, in additi on to the Jappanese class, otheer foccus areass freqquently visited it. Other class acti viti es included a tea ceremoony in their sppeecial tea roomm, calligraphy,l kimono, origami, and sushi makingg. Forr the origami project, the scholars colo laborated withh students frrom two other focus areas and, to- gether, theey folded one thousand paper cranes. Duuring the Internaati onal Day OOpening Ceremony, they dedicated these ccrannes to tht eir hope for world peace. Refl eecti nng on his focus area experience, scholar Kyle Sti gall of Heatth High SSchoool remarked, “Fumie’s Japanese Langguuage & Cultuure class has been one of the most innteerer sti ng and producti vee claasses I’ve ever taken. Within fi ve weeeks we’ve leeaarned the basics of Japanese language and grammaarr, the intricaaciess of the Japanese tea ceremony, aand the technniques of Zen thinking—and at the same ti mee, we’vee taken part in a numberu of other exciti ng cultural acti viiti es like making and eati ng our own sushi!”

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 23 Journalism & Mass Media

Bellarmine University The Journalism & Mass Media class was new to the Bellarmine University campus this year. Together with facul- “I learned that ty members Jeanie and David Adams- it’s not the fancy Smith, this group of eighteen scholars explored diff erent fi elds in media and writing or the considered how the introducti on of complex language the Internet has changed and conti n- ues to change journalism. Scholars that makes a explored writi ng, photography, broad- good article. cast, and Internet reporti ng methods. In journalism, They also observed journalists in the fi eld through fi eld trips to the Louis- it’s all about how ville Courier-Journall and WAVE-3 tele- you tell the story.” vision. Several professional journalists visited the class, including one from Brian Campbell, WAVE-3 who spoke with the scholars In the midst of campus Fourth of July activities, a Eastern High School about the art of storytelling as a video Journalism scholar takes photographs for his news story. journalist. Throughout the course of the Program, each scholar researched and wrote three stories: a news story about the twenty-fi ft h anniversary of the Governor’s Scholars Program, a feature arti cle about GSP, and an OpEd about his or her personal scholar experience. These stories, together with their accompanying photographs, were sent to the scholars’ hometown newspapers for publicati on. Modes of Mathematical Thinking

Centre College Duk Lee, immersed scholars in thee ststuddy of ssolving not-so-easa y matht emati caal prooblems and introduced them to mathemati cal origami. The scholaolars tackleed the challenngeg of solving prp obbleemss in algebbra, trigonometry, geometry, number theory, and word probrobblemss. At the same ti me, they lel aarned a great ded al about origami. Together, these two disparate acti viti es helpelpped thhe scholars achieeve the couurse objecti ve: to unndderstand matmaathemmati cs not as theh practi ce ofo solving symbollic eqe uaati ons iin oorder tto get the rigi htt annswers, but ratheer as an art of thhinking. During the fi ve weeks of the Program, the scholars’ ddefi niti onn of “math” broaddenede , as did their mathhemati cal and arti sti c intellii- gence. Whenn the scholaars solved diffi cult math problems, theyy tala keed with their classmates not only about their soluti ons, but alsso abbouo t the thought proocess thhrrough which they arrived at their sooluti ons.s As a clc assss, theh y provveed to be incredibly adept at fi guring out evenn thee mostt challenginng problems. In fact, to their instruuctor’s surprrise, the schoh lars werre able to tackle nearly all of the problems thatt he prp eesene ted thhemm with litt le—if any—help from hiim. The scholarrs also learned to produce amazingly beauti ful woorkss of

Three scholars collaborate to create an origami model of a dinosaur skeleton.

24 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 art by folding paper with mathemati cal precision. Members of the class developed an appreciati on of origami not as a childish, relaxing art project, but rather as a mathemati cal, scienti fi c undertaking. They considered origami’s far-reaching applicati ons, from its use saving lives through airbags and parachutes to its ramifi cati ons within “This was far biological research, as scienti sts link protein folding, unfolding, and mis-folding to diseases including Alzheimer’s, more than just a cancer, and diabetes. They also devoted a great deal of ti me to making their own origami creati ons: beauti ful origami roses, geometric models (cubes, triangular boxes, hexagonal boxes, octagonal boxes, dodecahedrons, math class. and 30-piece bucky balls), as well as various animals and more. During the last week of the Program, all of their It taught me to origami models were displayed in the Centre College library for the rest of the GSP community to enjoy. look at all the Morehead State University different facets The primary goal of Duane Skaggs’s Modes of Mathemati cal Thinking course was to encourage scholars to con- of a problem and centrate for an extended period of ti me on a variety of problems. The scholars collaborated to develop problem- decide on the best solving skills and to use all available resources to solve the problems presented to them. During this process, they learned to think about math problems both in detail and from a broader perspecti ve in terms of their real-life method of solution. applicability. As a result, the scholars discovered connecti ons among seemingly unrelated areas of mathemati cs. This is a way of One of the course’s overall themes was the full explorati on of diff erent scenarios. When faced with a diffi cult thinking that I problem, the class’s fi rst challenge was to decide how they should best begin to solve it. As the scholars discov- can apply to many ered, the ability to think about the problem in the right way is oft en the key to solving it. Moreover, they realized that this approach applies to problems both within and outside of the scope of traditi onal mathemati cs. areas of my life.” The scholars analyzed strategies for winning two-player and multi -player games, invented games of their own, Sarah Pagan, considered fl aws in voti ng systems, and solved many problems that did not initi ally seem to include enough infor- Homeschool mati on. In each of these situati ons, the scholars discovered underlying themes that helped them arrive at their soluti ons.

Music

Morehead State University Evvery ti mee that Greg Partain’s focus areaa class met, the scholars rotated through a series of acti viiti ess designeed to help them experience music fromo a wide array of analyti cal, aestheti c, and applied perspeecti vess. In ssesssions called “Earr Strettchching,”in scholars discussed avant-garde coompositi ons that blur the disi ti ncti ons between “music” anndd “noise.” The “Window into the Classics” segmennts exposed them tto formss, geg nres, coompm ossers,ere and masterpieces from the Western art music trt additi on, including represeenntati ve piecese by J.JJ.S.S Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Aaron Copland, and othere s. AsA parti cipannts ini “Teaca h and Learn”” groups, the scholars drew upon their own experti se as theyy taua ght one anotheer how to play a newn instrument or sing in a new style. During the weekly “Worrksk in Proggresss” segmg ents, eaachc scholarch performed for the clc ass. Finally, the “Round Table” nigghts providedd a foruum foro the scholarrsrs to share and discuss muusis cal selecti ons of their own choosing. The cllass tot uched on issues of musical tastee, thhe personal and soco ial funncti onsono of music, defi ni- ti ons oof arti sti c beauty and meaning, concert eti quett e, stat geg deeportmeent, ttechnique, coping with perfoormaance anxiety, eliti sm in the arts, passsis ve verrsus acti ve listenning,g, and folk music. They also receivved mini lectures on key topics of muusic historo y and theory andd interacted with three muusical guuests: a conductor, an author, and a ccomposserer. The highligghth s of the class in- cluddedd a live perrformance by the Clack Mountain StS ring Banndd, a renowned Apppalachian folk mum sis c ensemblee, and att ending Verdi’s La Traviata aat thhe Cincinnati OpO era. ThT iss was the fi rst liivve opera andd professional symphony performance thhat many of the scholars eveer att ended.

Music scholars interact with members of the Clack Mountain String Band.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 25 Philosophy

Bellarmine University Scholars in Lisa Hicks’s Philosophy fo- cus area studied several philosophi- cal themes and schools. The class “Philosophy has was structured around the diff erent challenged me branches of philosophy (such as eth- ics and epistemology) and the sorts to think more of questi ons with which each branch deeply about is concerned (such as, respecti vely, “what is the right way to act?” and the world in “how do I know that I can trust my which I live. senses to give me accurate informa- I have been ti on about the world?”). Scholars spent about a week focusing on each compelled to of fi ve major branches. explore my Scholars read excerpts from several beliefs in new texts, including Jamie Whyte’s Crimes Against Logic, a logic and argumen- During a visit to the Speed Art Museum, ways and, as tati on book aimed at a general audi- Philosophy scholars ponder aesthetics. a result, I am ence; Julian Baggini and Jeremy Stan- now more grom’s Do You Think What You Think You Think?, a book of tests and puzzles for examining philosophical intuiti ons; and Plato’s Crito, a dialogue concerning justi ce and right acti on. self-assured.” In order to experience specifi c examples for a discussion of aestheti cs and the major questi ons asked by that branch Carly Hood, of philosophy, the class visited the Speed Art Museum and examined some of the major collecti ons there. Scott High School The scholars also researched major philosophers and philosophical schools and movements and collected their fi ndings into short papers. These papers were then compiled into a booklet for students in the class to keep as a reference source. Centre College This year in his philosophy class, faculty member Patrick Nnoromele emmphasiized the history of ideas and the role that logic plays in the formati on of beliefs. The scholars chachaalleeneged themselves to consider some of thhe most thoughtghtt-provooking issues in ethics, incluuddingg topics suucch as libertyty annd mooral responsibility, crrime andd puunisshment, jus- ti ce, cuulture,, and human values. The scs holaars quickkly realized thatatt reasoonnable peoplee evaluuate reasoning based onn intelllectual sttaandaards. As they soughtt to reeview arguments and identi fy logical falla- cies, the scholars worrked with case sttudiies derived frrom primaaryr sources ana d shoro t arti cles. Thhe class’s pedagogicaal approachh was prrimara illy Soocrati c, relying upon the questi on-n annd-d answer formmat that Socrates hiimself espoused. John Wilcox’s Philoosophhy focus area was founded uppon theh clal s- sicac l texts of Westerrn and non-Western philosophy. Its goall waas to draw the scchholars into a greater understanding and appreecia- ti onn of the poweer of criti cal thinking. The class eengaged in a thorough examinati on oof the practi cees of Socrates andd sought to appreciate the moral vvalues that uundeerr- lal y his mmoti vves as he issued philosophical criti ccism of his conteem-

Philosophy scholars bring ancient texts into today’s world as they discuss a class reading.

26 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 porary culture. The scholars then considered ways in which Socrati c questi oning could contribute to the improve- ment of their own culture. The class thoroughly studied the philosophical theories of Plato, including his theories of the soul and of the divi- sion between the higher world of Being and the lower world of Becoming. The scholars also familiarized them- selves with the criti que of Plato developed by his greatest student, Aristotle. As a result, they were able to refl ect upon various understandings of what is most real and about what sorts of things individuals should hold most valuable. The scholars also examined skepti cal challenges to the possibility of acquiring any kind of certain knowledge. They then asked themselves, if absolute certainty is impossible, what rules should one adopt to govern one’s beliefs? Should the strict rules governing scienti fi c belief be applied to other areas of human life, such as ethics and reli- gion? These questi ons fueled animated class discussion. On another occasion, the class debated the problem of free will versus determinism and considered the value of individualism in a cross-cultural context. The scholars also considered competi ng ideas of justi ce and the extent to which self-interests prejudice individuals’ intuiti ons about what is just.

Physical Science

Centre College “After building Scholars in Kevin Jackson’s Physical Science focus area adopted a hands-on approach to understanding scienti fi c a tower that thinking and problem solving. Uti lizing class discussions, videos, readings, class presentati ons, and research, they tackled fi ve challenging projects. They also enjoyed a fi eld trip to Zappos, where they witnessed fi rst-hand the supported over latest developments in business roboti cs technology. 550 times its own For their fi rst project,oject, the scholars were given no instructi ons other than to fi gure out how a pendulum works. The weight, I have class fof rmmulated three laws describingdesc the movement of pendulums. During this exercise, the scholars learned learned to have a that it is oft en diffi cult to overcomee ppreconceivedre noti ons even in the face of experimental evidence. lot more faith in Thhe schoh lars then turned their att enti on to buildingbuil their own one-stage solid fuel rockets. Their goals for this proj- ecct weerre to cconstruct rockets that wouuld (1) lauunchnch safely, (2) survive more than one launch, and (3) be vectored my work and so as to lannd in thee designaated recovery areea.a abilities.”

For their third prroojeect, theh classs watchc ed and discuc ssedd theth videos Building Big: Skyscrapers and Why the Tow- Laura Kitchens, ers Fell. The scholars thhen coonstrrucctede their own towers toto the modifi ed specifi cati ons of the 2005 ASCE Tower Iroquois High School Competi ti on. Each tower was rateed on its effi ciency, whih chh wwasa calculated by dividid ng the tower’s mass inn gramsm by the maass thee tower could support. The winnn ing toweer suppoorteed 919 ti mees its own weight! During the fourth week of the Program, the schhoolaars worked with very limited materials as they created capsules ded ssigng ed to pro- tect falling eggs. This project required tht em to pllan vere y care- fully ana d to understand the physics of forrcec s ana d fallliing bodiese . The wiinning capsule protected its egg from a two-story drop annd fell fastet r than any other capsule with a surviving egg. As theey tackled thhis chaallenge, the scholars realized that theh process of designing the caapsules oft en required the integrati on of connfl icct- ing ddesigng requirrements. FFinan lly, for theirr fi ft h project, the scholars built glideers that thhey uused to study tthe physics of fl ight. One scholar prepares to launch her rocket.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 27 Political & Legal Issues

Bellarmine University This year, the scholars in Marty Napper’s Politi cal & Legal Issues focus area examined the upcoming presidenti al electi on. They devoted ti me to researching and discussing the diff erent candidates and their stances on prominent issues. The scholars then went on to share what they had learned with the rest “It was great to of the GSP community by running mini cam- paigns for the top two presidenti al candi- hear a variety of dates during the fi nal week of the Program. opinions and The class centered around visits from speak- perspectives. ers from both politi cal parti es who explained We didn’t have to their views on major issues and willingly fi elded the scholars’ questi ons. Local, state- agree with all of wide, and nati onal speakers such as Secre- the ideas that we tary of State Trey Grayson, Congressman John Yarmuth and Senator Mitch McConnell Congressman John Yarmuth, one of several national heard, but at least all shared their ti me with the class. In addi- we were exposed ti on to having the politi cians visit them, the and state political leaders who visited the class, poses to them.” scholars visited the politi cians during a fi eld for a picture after fi elding the scholars’ questions. trip to the state capitol and voluntary work Haden Marrs, sessions at campaign headquarters. Graves County High School Centre College To prepare for the upcoming electi on, scholars in Stefan Brooks’s class studied the politi cal ideologies of conserva- ti sm and liberalism by reading and discussing Thomas Sowell’s book Confl ict of Visions. In order to arrive at a more thorough understanding of both ideologies, scholars studiedstudied thhe core assuumpti onss, beliefs, and values of both conservati sm and liberalism. They also considereded hohow thhese assumpti ons and beliefs can and do shape responses to public policy issues such as crime prevennti on, the ecoonomy, foreign policy, poverty, and welfare. In 2008, John Powell’s focus area was principally concerned witwith threee topics: the ongoing preesidenti al camppaiign, immigrati on policy, and the cultural ethos of American polioliti cal senssibiliti es. Each day the class lisstteneed to candii- dates and commentators explain their positi ons and thenhen ddiscussed each in the conttexe t both of immmediiate pop liti cs and of the larrger sset of cultural values. To auggment these class disccussions, a number of speakkers vissiteed the class, makkinng prp esentati ons onn related isssuees annd fi eld- ing questi ons ffrom the group. Thhey includded the Hon. Euugenen J. Siler, Jr. of the U..S. Court of Appeala s; FBI agent ClC ayy Masa on; Campbbellssville University politi ccal science prrofo ese sor Max WWise; Barbara Klein, the Dirrectoor of Ken- tucky Refugee MMinistries; Aris Cedeño, a Panamaanian imimmigrannt annd legal aid volunteer; Marilyynn Dannielss of tthe Maaxxweell Street Legal Clinic; and Ervinn Dimeny, thhe Translati on Manager of the Kentucky Couurts. Listtenniing to the class speakers, readinng Hector Tobaar’s Trannsslati on Nati on, and perusing a wide variety off ar-- ti clees relati ng to daily news occurrrences helped the schholars develop an inti mate acquainntance with the va-

Political & Legal Issues scholars take a break from class debate to pose for a group picture.

28 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 riety of arguments for various immigrati on policies. They also examined the USA Patriot Act and the amending legislati on that was presented during the Program. The class translated their interest in immigrati on studies out- side of the classroom as the scholars led day camps for young Congolese, Togolese, Burundian, and Iraqi refugees in Lexington, many of whom had been in the United States only a few weeks. At the end of the fi ve week Program, scholar Kris Yaple of Oldham County High School raved about what his focus area had accomplished. He said, “Through this course, one thing has defi nitely been achieved--the removal of barriers. Whether it was politi cal diff erences, variati ons in language, or complicated situati ons, we’ve all come together to show that it is possible for all people of diff erent creeds, colors, politi cal views, and aspirati ons in life to come together for a joint, positi ve purpose.” Morehead State University

“At home, I might have heard something about the Supreme Court ruling against the death penalty for child rapists. Here, we got to discuss in-depth the motives and rationale behind this decision and even have an educated debate on the issue. It is this kind of depth in every topic we discuss that I feel makes this class and this program so special.”

Clay Crocker, Bowling Green High School

The goal of Frank Russell’s focus area was to explore contemporary American politi cal and legal issues. The course was centered on the Consti tuti on, as seen from the vantage of the legal system and again through the interface of domesti c and foreign policy. The course began and concluded with discussions of consti tuti onal types and the na- ture of the American republic. The scholars supplemented theory with observati on of practi ce as they att ended a meeti ng of a Kentucky state legislati ve committ ee (on the lott ery and educati on) at Morehead State University. State Senator Walter Blevins was kind enough to further instruct the scholars on legislati ve practi ces and to off er hishis parparti ccularulu ar insinsights into issues such as the relati onship between the environment and the economic well-being of Eastern Kentuckyy. During the segment of the classs deddevotedvo to law and the legal system, the scholars’ essenti al challenge was to achieve a sati sfactory defi niti on of justi ce. To do so, they looked to Plato, Mencius, and Han Fei Tsu both to study their theoe ries and to gain inssigght intto how a judicial system might respond to diff erent concepts of human naaturee. The class alsso read Marti n Luthere King’s “Le“L tt er from Birmingham Jail” and Socrates’s Crito in order to bett er unddeerstana d arguments as to the role of law anandd responsibiliti es to a legal system with some unjust laws. During a fi eldd triip, the schholo ars vvisited U.S. District Courrt JuJusti ce Joseph Hood in his offi ces in Lexington, where he grg aciously answered quessti ons abouut tthe judicial proocec ss and off ered a practi cal concept of justi ce. Whenn the schollars tut rned theirr att eenti on to pop licy, theyy primar-mma ily discussed the intet rrelati onship betweeen foreign and doommesti c policy, drawing upon ideas that they hadd enncounterrede in Amerrican Empire: A Debate by Thayer andn Lane. In parti culu ar, tht eey discussed the war on terror and the conseqqueu nt eff ects on UU.S. politi cal cul- tut re, drawing analogies to the Roman Republic and itts ttransiti on to Empire. On one occasion, MSU ROTTC MMSG Eddiinns vissiiteed the class to recount his experiences in Iraq andd to fi elld qquessti ons about U.S.S operati ons there. The class’s exploorati ono of grana d sttraat-t egy and fooreign policy led to discussion on thhe teension bbetweeen domesti c liberti es and safeguards for the Consti tut ti ono in thhe ffacee of extteernaal and iinternal threats.

Leading a day camp for immigrant children recently arrived in the U.S. helps scholars understand the personal implications of immigration policies.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 29 Psychology

Bellarmine University Bill Bornschein’s psychology class explored the Jungian concept of the Shadow, the repressed side of the self made famous in books such as Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and fi lms like Star Wars. Students explored their own personal shadow through writi ng and art exercises. In additi on to studying how the Shadow is manifested on a personal level, the class also examined how the Shadow is refl ected in the broader society. Points of emphasis for class study included the use of symbol in society, the psychol- ogy of adverti sing, the psychology of enemy-making and the relati onship between death anxiety and violence. Methodologically, innovati ve theater techniques were employed to get the students “in their bodies” and to trigger new thought processes. The class took two fi eld trips to cemeteries—historic Cave Hill Cemetery and River Val- ley Cemetery, where Louisville’s homeless are buried—in order to refl ect on themes of mortality. At River Valley Cemetery, Deputy Coroner Buddy Dumeyer spoke with the scholars about the Joseph of Arimathea Society, a group of high school students who take responsibility for burying the indigent. The class concluded by allowing the scholars to refl ect on the topics that they had covered during the fi ve weeks of the Program. The primary goal of Irene Bozio’s course was to expose scholars to the many disciplines of Psychology. Scholars explored brain “In my ps anatomy in order to understand the functi on of the brain in stor- ing memory, processing sensory informati on, and forming percep- class, I not o ti ons. A visit to the cadaver lab enabled the scholars to hold a about the dif brain and brain stem in their hands and physically identi fy the parts While visiting River Valley, Louisville’s of the brain. A day later, the class viewed the intricate systems and of study; I a indigent cemetery, scholars refl ect organs of the body when they traveled to the Body World exhibit more about on themes of mortality. in Cincinnati . the impo Scholars explored the complexiti es of their own minds by parti cici- keeping an pati ng in testi ng for multi ple intelligences and IQ. They also delved into the Enneagrnneagramm, a system that describes nine disti nct personality types, in order to understandnd hoow moti vaati on in everyth works and, thus, how best to change their own behaviors. Robert DaDanniielss, an art therapist Kinsee Henson, with Seven Counti es Services, spoke with the scholars about whatwhat moti vates individuals to Livingston Central H engage in addicti ve behaviors and how such behaviors can mostost eff ecti vely be modifi ed. Realizing that each individual has diff erent neural conneccti ons, the scholars examinned variouss psychological disorders including anxiety, mood disordederss, andd schizophrenia. Repe reseentati vess of Wellsprir ng vis- ited the class and explained the challenges associatededd with sschizophreniia and bipolar dissorder. More immpop rrtantlyy, thishiss presentati on raised the scholara s’ awareness of tht e sti gma ass- sociatteed with mentn all illl nnesss. They also caame to apprreciatte that, contrary to maanyy asss ummpti ons, meentallyy ill individuals who hava e thhe support of theh irr family and commmuunity can live richh, full lives. Finally, Drr. Robert TTodd spokke with the scholars aboutu theh educa- ti on requiu red for psychiatrissts and discussed variouus trt eaatment methhodds as well as the future of psychiatry. Sccholal rss in Cynthia Ganote’s focus area examined foour subfi eldds within thee discipplinne of psychology: positi ve psychhoology, politi call psp ychoology, geenndeer psychology, and abnormal psychology. Witthin eaachc subfi eld, sccholars were exposed to the sooccial psychologgical asspep ccts of thhe content area, which means that thhey looked att peoo-

Without the use of their sense of sight, scholars rely on their sense of touch to help them complete a puzzle map of the United States.

30 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 ple’s moti vati ons, beliefs, atti tudes, and behaviors within social context. For example, within politi cal psychology, scholars exam- ined campaign websites for 2008 presidenti al hopefuls Senator Barack Obama and Senator John McCain and asked themselves what kinds of psychological messages and tacti cs each was using, how the current politi cal climate had shaped these choices, and what types of people might respond positi vely to each type of message. In the fi eld of gender psychology, the scholars learned about concepts such as self-objecti fi cati on and examined theories that would explain why media images might lead women to self- objecti fy more than men. When they turned their att enti on to positi ve psychology, the class learned about the kinds of strengths and virtues that encourage well-being and the scholars examined the concepts of self-effi cacy and collecti ve effi cacy. During their study of the fi eld of abnormal psychology, the scholars learned about ways in which mental disorders are diagnosed and treated and they discussed the kinds of behaviors that might be viewed as mental disorders within diff erent social contexts. To gauge how others react to the violation of a norm, scholars perform a step routine alongside Bardstown Road. Morehead State University sychology Frieda Gebert’s Psychology of Creati vity class explored the many ways in which humans are only learned creati ve, the ways individuals can develop creati vity, and the need for creati vity in solving fu- fferent fi elds ture problems. The scholars learned about many applicati ons for creati vity in a wide variety of fi elds including everything from science to art. Many self-assessments were built into the also learned course; these enabled the scholars to evaluate their individual strengths and talents. myself and Together, the class also explored innovati ve problem solving techniques, worked on mental rtance of exercises to develop their skills, and experimented with various means of creati ve expression. open mind The highlights of the class included a visit from Kris Kimel, the Director of the IdeaFesti val and a meembermbm er of the Kentucky Science and Technology Center; a trip to the Shakespeare Festi val hing I do.” in Louisviille; aandnd thet opportunity to create and perform an improvisatory piece of music as a group. High School Together with faculty meembmberer Erin Heidrich, scholars in this focus area studied the psychology annd sociology of poverty. Thhe classcla examined the ways in which poverty, mental illness, and incaarcerrati on oft en go hand in hand. The primary text for this course was Nickel and Dimedd by Barbara Ehrenreicch, a fi rsst-t hand accouo nt of a womman whhoo temporarily left her middle class life to take on jobs as a waw itress, housekeeper,r and Wal-Mart sales associate to experiencexpx the plight of the working poor. The scholars also read a vaariety of case studdies about impoverished pere soonsn and completed independent research about a va- riety of mental illness.s ToT gether, these accti viv ti es enabled theh m tot hypothesize some ways in which mental illness might result in or from pop veerty and/or incarrcerrati ono . To complement their in-class reae dings and discusssiono ss, the schollara s mmemet with the prison psychologist at Litt le Saandn y CoC rrecti onnall Faccility in Sandyy Hooookk and toured the prison facility to catch a brief glimpse ofo the reaaliti es of prrisi onn life.l At Litt le Sandy, they learned that a lack of aff oro dable heh ala th care and thhe cllos-o ing of many psychiatric hospitals have direectlly impacttedd the incn rease in theh numbbere of ini carcerated individuals. The schholo ars then vissited Easa tern Stat tee Hospittal, wwhere e they learned about the evoluti ono of psychih atrir c ccare. Finaally, the scchholaars paarti cipated in a service project at ThT e David SSchooolo , a missioon schoool in Prestoonsburg that serves the needs of ApA ppalachiaan studeents whoo have noot been suuccessful in the public school systemm.

Scholars pause for a picture during their trip to the Little Sandy Correctional Facility.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 31 Russian Language & Culture

Centre College Scholars in Vikenti y Shymanskyy’s Russian Language & Culture class focused on developing basic speaking, read- ing, and writi ng skills in Russian. The goal of the course was to prepare scholars to functi on and communicate relati vely easily and naturally in all sorts of everyday situati ons in a Russian-speaking environment. At the same ti me, the scholars were also introduced to Russia’s rich culture and history. To achieve these goals, the scholars immersed themselves in a purposefully created Russian environment with a lot of singing, dancing, and acti ng. The class learned to sing and perform such Rus- sian songs as “Moscow Nights,” “Ochi Cherniye,” “Kati usha,” and “Smuglyanka- Moldavanka.” The scholars also watched the movie Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears, a realisti c portrayal of life in Moscow in the 1950’s and 70’s, which helped them to bett er understand the Soviet period of Russian history. Through these and other acti viti es, the scholars were exposed to the Russian linguisti c and cul- tural environment to a maximum degree both inside the classroom and outside the academic setti ng. Because their use of English was limited, the scholars were challenged to communicate by constructi ng phrases based on the Russian vocabulary and grammar that they were learning. In order to absorb as much Russian culture and history as possible during a fi ve- week period, the class viewed and discussed a series of feature movies, includ- ing Ballad of a Soldierr, Stati on for Two, and The Irony of Fate. Each of these fi lms, which the scholars watched in Russian with English subti tles, revealed various aspects of Russian life.

One scholar practices his new ability to write in Russian. Spanish Language & Hispanic Culture

Centre College The primary goal of Maggie Roll’s Spanish Language and Hispaspanic Cullture class was to exe pose scholo arrs tot Hispaannic culture, themes, and acti viti es that they had not exploreded in their regular high schhool classes.s. Scchholaars watchhed and discussed Maria Full of Grace, Motorcycle Diaries, Liike Water for Chocolate, ana d Buene a Vista SSociall Cllub. Aft er viewing each fi lm, the class refl eccted on its theme and coomparedd and contrasteed the eeventts and ideas that it portrayed witwith theeiir own persoonal exxperiencces and beliefss. The scholars also researcheheed and presented grar mmmaar and cultural ““spotliights.” The toppicics of these presentati ons varieriieed wiidely, incluudid ngn sucu h topics as the usees of “por” and “para,” thhe preterit tense, Lati no Musicc, and the hists ory ana d use of cascarones. Magical realism and el Dia de los Muertos weree ala soo popular disi cuussion themes. As they further immmerssed themssele ves in Hispanic cculttuure, the scholars learned Zumbba,a a high- energy mix of Lati n dance and aerobics. They alsoo created a variety of Mexican craft s, inclludu - ing alfeniques, ccasccaarones, papel picado, ojjoos de dios, and piñatas. Finally, to enjoy a true taste of Hispaniic liffe, the scholars dined on aauthenti c Mexican food at La Haciennda taqueríía in Danville. Theyy alsso prepared their own taamaales and horchata in class. To put their newwfound famimiliiarity withh thee Spanish language and Hispanicc cultures to work,, the scholarss sppent one day each week working with Spanish-speaking chiildren at Dannville’e s Centro Lati no.n

To get a taste of Hispanic cooking, scholars prepare their own tamales.

32 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 Visual Arts

Bellarmine University Pablo Picasso once said, “Every child is an arti st. The problem is how to remain an arti st once we grow up.” The Visual Arts class led by Matt Curless explored ways of developing and maintaining the eyes and brain of an art- ist. The class went beyond simply teaching the scholars how to draw or paint; instead, it created an environment that accepted students of all arti sti c abiliti es and back- grounds and enabled them to create wonderful works of art using both the left brain (the logical, analyti cal side) and the right brain (the intuiti ve, creati ve side). Class projects included life drawing as well as a variety of two-dimensional techniques such as etching, watercolor, acrylics, and colored pencil. The scholars also studied the process and purpose of gesture drawing. They then visited the Louisville Zoo, where they used these tech- niques to study the forms and structures of real animals. This exercise involved a litt le zoology, a litt le art, and a lot of fun! Two scholars hone their abilities as they create still life drawings. Centre College “A man paints with his brains and not with his hands,” observed Michelangelo. This focus area, taught by Siobhan Byrns, was committ ed to the idea that drawing is a way of thinking. Scholars were guided to culti vate a visual percepti on of the world through drawing and the study of color. They were submersed in the study of art history techniques—from the masters to contemporary approaches. As the curriculum unfolded over the fi ve weeks, “I appreciate the each scholar gained the technical experti se and criti cal thinking skills to fi nd his or her own unique vision as an way our faculty arti st.st member ran our The class was brokenn inttoo fi ve secs ti ons. In the fi rst secti on, the scholars used charcoal drawings to hone their skills with linear perspeecti ve,e structuraall representarep ti on, the illusion of depth, the use of high key and low key values, the class. He didn’t representati on of gesturess andn contoururs,s, aand the creati on of portraits. spell everything Whenn they began experimenti ng wiith watercocolor,lor the scholars learned about transparent watercolor techniques out for us... inncluddinng collor mixing, glazing, and brushwow rkk. TTheyhe also considered the general art principles of compositi on He gave us and perspecti ve. guidelines and The scholars then turned their att enti on to anoth- tips, but it was up er medium: site specifi c to us to develop installati on. During this our own method part of the course, the class practi ced outdoor of completing a ephemeral art as they project. This gave created sculptures us- ing natural materials. In me more self- confi dence and pride in my Using inhabitants of the Louisville fi nished work Zoo as their because I really subjects, scholars did it myself!” study the forms Emily Ashby, and structures Calloway County of real animals. High School

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 33 conjuncti on with this project, the scholars considered environmental issues and the juxtapositi on of man and nature. Throughout the summer, the students had the opportunity to exhibit their work and take pride in their arti sti c growth. They cu- rated their own exhibiti on, accepti ng and declining submissions. Finally, near the end of the Program, the scholars even adverti sed and hosted a GSP community-wide Evening with the Arts. Morehead State University Scholars in Deeno Golding’s Visual Art fo- cus area were asked to use the computer to make art. Eschewing traditi onal art-making methods—painti ng, long-pose drawing, ce- ramics, and so on—the scholars created their work using a popular illustrati on applicati on and the computer mouse. Scholars began the class by discussing their individual defi niti ons of “art,” “visual art,” and “computer art.” From that jumping-off point, they immersed themselves in Inter- net-based research about art-related topics. In order to share their fi ndings with the rest of the class, each scholar prepared a Power- Point presentati on about the topic that he or she had researched. Scholars practice their own watercolor skills and share For one of the class’s computer art projects, every scholar created a non-linear “creati ve their techniques with a younger generation of artists. lett er,” which was then printed. For their fi nal project, the scholars each created a self-popoortrait ussing primarily the Adobe Illlusu trt ator soft ware applicaati onn. Inn preparati on forr this prp ojece t, the cllass travev led to the Ciinncinnaati Art Museuumm, where the scholars viewwedd art andd reseeseearchheed portrait arti sts. RRefl eecti ng on her GSP exxpeerir ence, schoolar Saarah Lowwe of GrG een- woood High Scchoool descrriibed how heer focuus area had cchanged heh r uunderstandini g ofo artt. She expllainned, “I normally thinnk of art as sitti ng inn frontnt of a canvas annd just painti ng away, but thiis class has reinvented the way I loook att it. It has opened my eyess to nnew and diff erene t waw ysy of makingg a piece of art. By using the ccomputtere to createe my pop rtrait, I was really able to study my face and caaptuure everry part of mee, from my expression to the gleam in my eyee. Evenn though itt has been hard and someti mes frusstrati ng, I hhavee loved eevery mminuute of it.”

Budding computer artists use a popular software application to create their own digital self-portraits.

34 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 General Studies Classes

General Studies classes emphasize creati ve thinking, problem solving, service learning, and civic engagement. In order to fully experience the living, learning environment of the Governor’s Scholars Program, students are as- signed to a General Studies class that takes a diff erent approach to learning than that of their focus area. This policy is based on the philosophy that in order to be true scholars, scienti sts should appreciate the humaniti es and humanists should understand the importance of science and technology in our world. Each General Studies class is developed independently by the faculty member, who will oft en venture outside his or her own area of experti se when choosing the course topic. As a result, the instructors learn together with the students, creati ng an educati onal environment that is both innovati ve and exciti ng. The following are a sampling of the sixty General Studies classes that engaged faculty and scholars on the three GSP campuses in 2008. Adaptations Bellarmine University This course, led by Lisa Hicks, examined various forms of arti sti c adaptati on: literature to fi lm, secondary fi cti on, re-tellings, and so forth. Scholars paid parti cular att enti on to the details that remain unchanged across various adaptati ons of a parti cular bit of source material. Their goal was to determine whether stories have a core or es- sence and, if so, how to characterize that essence. Scholars also created several adaptati ons of their own. Readings for the course included original fairy tales (the Grimm Brothers’ “Frog Prince,” “Twelve Dancing Prin- cesses,” and “Seven Ravens”), fairy tale retellings (Robin McKinley’s “Princess and the Frog” and “Twelve Danc- ing Princesses”), modern short stories (Steven Millhauser’s “Eisenheim the Illusionist” and “A Game of Clue”), selected Shakespearean text, and excerpts from Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice. Scholars also watched and discussed fi lm and television adaptati ons of many texts, including the Jim Henson / Anthony Minghella television adaptati on “The Three Ravens” and the fi lms The Illusionist, Bride and Prejudice, and Clue. Are You Afraid? The Art of Alfred Hitchcock Morehead State University Faculty member Amanda Baldwin began this course with an overview of fear: the emoti on, its relati onship to phobias,phobias, the obstaclesob that it creates in individuals’ lives, and the way it functi ons as a form of social control. The scholars then turned ttheirheir att enti on to Alfred Hitchcock, the master of fear and suspense. They viewed movies including PsP ycho, The Birds, VerVeV rti ggo, and Rear Windoww and watched several shorts from the television series Alfred Hitchcock Presents. They thenen consideredco Hitchcock’s techniques and the precise nature of his cinemati c fearar-building strategies. Viewing more rececentnt fi lms allowed the scholars to recognize that many of the techniques commmoon in contemporary cinema arre rooted iinn Hitchcock’sH uses and portrayals of fear. As a result, they devel- oped an appppreciati on of Hitchcock as a truue cinemamati c pioneer. As the Program prroggreesseed, thee scholars honed tht eir ababilityil to identi fy and understand fear as an expression in cinema. They grew to reccognize thatt movies involve the willingwi suspension of disbelief and to appreciate that such a stat te of mim nd provides ferti le gground for the sprreae d of ffear.e The Bookmobile Morehead State University The overall goal of Melanie Kidwell’s Generall Studid ees class was to exxx-- plp ore literacy by challenging the scchoh laarsr to considdere what literacy is, hoow literate they really are, and what stet pss they couuld take to promote literaacyc in the GSP community, in Moreheadd, and in theirr hometownss. Througghooutu the fi ve weeks, the scholars were introduced to a vaariety of literacyy campaigns and programs that have beene used in thee passt or are currenttly in usee, considering everything from the Boooko mobilee to Hoooko ed on Phooniccs. As thhey exploredd early childhood literacy, the scholaars ene counntered the coc ncceepts of fl uenncy, phonics, whole language, and commprrehensionn. Theye

After watching a Hitchcock movie, Morehead scholars try to simulate the unsteady sensation of vertigo.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 35 combined their understanding of these theories with community service as they chose a children’s book and prepared a telling of it to share with the youngsters at local childcare faciliti es. The class then engaged in a discussion of poetry and what this literary art form off ered in terms of literacy. Building on this discussion, scholars read poetry, wrote their own poetry, and hosted a poetry reading for the enti re GSP community. Finally, the scholars worked together to identi fy a specifi c demographic that was suff ering from some level of illiteracy and to develop a campaign to address that illiteracy. They researched their ideas, prepared propos- als, and presented their campaigns to a panel of experts at the Carnegie Center in Lexington. The Chemistry of Cooking Centre College The focus of this course was to determine how and why chemistry hap- Centre scholars hand-stitch their own lap quilts. pens in the kitchen. With the help of faculty member Carter Florence, scholars explored the basic chemistry behind diff erent cooking tech- niques and in various baked goods and considered the chemical analysis of taste. For one project, the class dis- cussed the basic chemical makeup of cream and milk, explored the chemical process by which salt melts ice, and used these chemical processes to make ice cream. In additi on, the scholars explored the practi cal applicati ons of Charles’ gas law as they created chocolate souffl es. For their other projects, the scholars made dry ice and then used it to create fresh root beer and resurrected the dying art of canning as they made strawberry jam. The class also ventured to Buff alo Trace Disti llery in Frankfort, where they studied the chemical processes of disti llati on on a mass scale and discussed those processes’ practi cal uses in today’s society. Do You Know Your Right from Your Left? Centre College Kristen Harris’s General Studies course focused on introducing students to general politi cal iideologdeeologyy, exploring personal politi cal beliefs on controversial topics, and discussing the duti es of a resresponponsiblle citi zen. The course began with a litany of politi cal surveys that helped scholars determine theirir plaplace on thee politi cal spectrum. The class then engaged in a discussion of the full spectrum, its variati ons,ns, divisions, and purposes. Additi onally, to bett er understand the diff erences in their respecti ve politi cal philosoosophies, sccholars conducted researcch abouo t thhe primary politi cal parti es in the U.S. as well as their presumpti vee nominnees for President. The Leaga ue of Women Voters publicati on Choosing the President: 2008 helped fraframme class discussions onn many toopip csc duru ing the fi ve week course, such as the role of the media in politi cs andndd campaiign fi nance. One class achievement was the organizati on of the vovoter rege istrati on drrive annd mock prer sidenti al eleccti on thhat co- incided with Secretary of State Trey Grayson’s visitit to caammpus. In addid ti on to publici izing these events, the scs holars created informati onal handbills about the Demomocrati c and Republlicaan pap rti es and theiir ppresidenti al candidad tes. They distributed these materials to their fellowow schholars so thah t tht eye , toooo, would be wwelll-informed votters. Going Green the Wright Way Morehead State University Scholars in Frieda Gebert’s class studieded the principles of Orgaanic Arcchhiteeccture as developed by Frank LLloyd WrW ight and then sought to interpret these pririnciples in 21st century terms. Thhe scholars learned about alternnati ve enen rgy sources and the practi ce of buildingg witth renewabble and recycled reesources. Aft er much discussionn, the class di- vided into three groups to design thhree homes. Each group selleected a diff erent building site and tyyppe of constrruc- ti on and then built a model of itss home design. The groups weere asked to describe the “green”n properti es tthat they uti lized in the constructi on pproocess and too equip theirr hoouse to use at least one alternati vve energy souurce. The Director of Research and Devveloopment frrom E.ON U.S. eeneergy company spoke with the schoolars in conjunncti on with this project. Throughout the course of the PProggram, the clasa s took severral fi eld trips to see nati ve Kentucky reesos urces. Duuring these trips, scholars documenntedd possible sites for theeir hhouses by measuring, photographing, ana d reseearcching their selecti ons.

36 Governor’s Scholars Program 1983 - 2008 Making Musical Instruments Bellarmine University The scholars in Ashley Murphy’s music-themed General Studies class pursued a threefold course of study. Their fi rst goal was to build musical instruments from commonly available hardware and other materials. They suc- cessfully constructed a glockenspiel-type instrument from electrical metal conduit, PVC-pipe fl utes, zithers from 2x4 planks strung with fi shing line, and mirrored drums with which to create a miniature laser show. As they built each instrument, the scholars discussed and corrected design and constructi on fl aws in order to achieve bett er sound quality. Eventually, they used their instruments to perform a song for the GSP community during Showcase. The scholars’ second objecti ve was to learn about and analyze music from many world cultures. Louisville nati ve and ethnomusicologist Gregory Acker shared his collecti on of homemade Indonesian instruments with the class and discussed musical instrument constructi on as well as world music. Then, on a trip to Berea, the scholars wit- nessed the constructi on of hand-made instruments such as dulcimers and had the opportunity to play dulcimers with members of Berea’s arts community. Finally, the scholars used music as a means of connecti ng with the community. The class conducted two music workshops for local organizati ons, leading parti cipants in the constructi on of their own simple instruments. Normal Lives Bellarmine University As they sought to defi ne the word “normal,” the scholars in Anita Bowman’s class realized how subjecti ve and situati onal this term can be. As a result, they set out to expand their personal understandings of what is “normal.” By exploring civil rights, reviewing perti nent legislati on, discussing disability eti quett e, and simulati ng physical dis- abiliti es, the scholars culti vated their own awareness of and advocacy for individuals with disabiliti es. The class learned about technology that can enable those with visual, hearing, or spectrum disorders or physical impairments to lead “normal” lives by enhancing their literacy, independence, and quality of life. They consid- eredered both sisides of the cochlear implant controversy as they spoke with members of the Deaf culture, visited the Heuser Heariing Insti tute, and viewed the movie Sound and Fury. They tried their skill at games like goalball and beeper baseball during a vissitit to the Kentucky School for the Blind and then watched highlights from the 2004 Paralympics. In order to get a gllimpsepsp e ininto the life of a boy with auti sm, the class read the book The Curious Inci- dent of the Dog in the Night-TTime. By the enden of the Program, the scholars had grown to appreciate that no life is “normal” or “aabnormal;” instead, they all reefl ect unique situati ons and experiences. Quilting a Piece of Yourself Centre College Thhiis class, led by David Donathan, ininttroduced scholars to thee hhistorical,i social, and practi cal aspectts of quiu lts annd quq ilti ng in Ameerica. Att theh same ti me, thhe sscholars learned hands-on quilt design and consts ructi on techniques as they each createed a smmall quilted piece of their own. The scholars initi ally studied the history of quilltmakkinng, the social and ccultural signifi cance ofo quilti ng and quilters’ groups, annd thhe practi cal and cultl ural vallueu ooff the quilts them- seelvl es. The scholars then began their hand-d on exploorrati onn of the woorlr d of quilti ng as they made their own fi nger thimbles. In ordeer too master basic quilt constructi on techniques, the meembbere s of the class pieced and sewed tht eir own totee baga s. They leaarned the practi cal value oof suuch work quickly, as they began using thheie r handdmade bags to caarryy ttheir quilti ng suppliees annd quiu lts-in-progress. By the end of the PrP ogram, eaca h scs holar hhad ddesigned his or herr owwn quilt patt ern, constructed the quilt toop, and quiu ltted the layers together.g The fi nishhed products were beauti ful lap quilts in whichh the schollarars tooko great pridee.

After building their own instruments, Bellarmine scholars try their hands at playing handmade dulcimers in Berea.

A Quarter Century of Kentucky Leadership 37 Governor’s Scholars Program 1024 Capital Center Drive, Suite 210 Frankfort, Kentucky 40601 502-573-1618 www.gsp.ky.gov