Statistics Digest 1991-92

1991-92 MINERAL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTION STATISTICAL DIGEST

Royalties and Policy Development Division DEPARTMENT OF MINERALS AND ENERGY WESTERN AUSTRALIA STATISTICAL DIGEST OF MINERAL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTION 1991-92

ROYALTIES AND POLICY DEVELOPMENT DIVISION

DEPARTMENT OF MINERALS AND ENERGY

WESTERN AUSTRALIA

MINERAL HOUSE

100 PLAIN STREET

EAST PERTH WA 6004

TELEPHONE: (09) 222 3106 INTERNATIONAL: 61 9 222 3106

FACSIMILE: (09) 222 3289 INTERNATIONAL: 61 9 222 3289

DECEMBER 1992 CONTENTS

Page

Abbreviations, References, Units and Conversion Factors (i)

1. OVERVIEW

1.1 Review of the World Economy 1 1.2 Review of the Australian Economy 2 1.3 Economic Factors Affecting the Mining Industry 2 1.4 Social and Political Factors Affecting the Mining Industry 4

REVIEW OF MAJOR MINERALS AND PETROLEUM

2.1 Iron Ore 6 2.2 Gold 7 2.3 Petroleum 9 2.4 Alumina 11 2.5 Nickel 12 2.6 Diamonds 14 2.7 Heavy Mineral Sands 14 2.8 Summary and Outlook 16

3. QUANTITY AND VALUE OF MINERALS AND PETROLEUM 1990-91, 1991-92 18

4. QUANTITY AND VALUE OF MINERALS AND PETROLEUM BY LOCAL 21 GOVERNMENT AREA

5. QUANTITY AND VALUE OF MINERALS AND PETROLEUM BY MINERAL-FIELD 29

6. ROYALTY RECEIPTS 1990-91, 1991-92 36

7. EMPLOYMENT IN THE MINERALS AND PETROLEUM INDUSTRIES 39

8. PRINCIPAL MINERALS AND PETROLEUM PRODUCERS 43 1-661. ’9861- Slcll’qO3EI AlqVAOEt 3AI..LVEIVclIAIOO I.’9 1.661- ’9861. NOI.LOnGOEIcl 40 3n7VA 3AI£VEIVclIAIOO 61.’g NOI£OIq(3OEIcl 3/IN31/~ql 81.’g X30NI 3OIEId 90NV$ 9VEt3NIIAI AAV3H Ll-’~ 3nqvA GNV NOI/OnfilOEId A.qEt31EIVI70 311N31AI91 91.75 NOllOnGOEI,-I ’-13),lOIN £1.’~ S3OlEtcl qq),IOIN 11.’~ 3nqv^ GNV NOIIOnI3oEt~I ,kqEI3_LEIVnO qq),IOIN NOIIOnQOEIcl VNIIAInqv ~1.’~ S3OlEIcl VNIIAIn7v 1. 3nqVA QNV NOIIOIqQOEIcl AqEI31EIVnO VNIIAII77V 0~’;~ NOIIOnOoEI~I IAlnqqOEllqcl 6"~ SqOIEI=I qlO =I(]nEIO =II77VA (:]NV NOIIOnOoEI~I A7I=EIIUVnO IAIn=I-IOEII=I=I Z’~ NOI±On(~oEIcl (3qOE) 9";5 S=IOIEI~I (]qOE) ~’~ ~IFI-IVA ONV NOI±OnClOEI~I A-IEI9±I=IVFIO O-109 NOI±OnOOEI=I :gEIO NOEII 8"~ S=IOIEIcl qEIO NOEII =In7VA ONV NOIIOIq(3OEI~ A-ll=la±l=IVnO =IUO NOIgl ~’~ Vl-IVl=llSnV NEIqlSqM NI $10=Ir’OEl~l IAInEIqOEIIq~I GNV 7VEIqNIIAI EIOI’VIAI $£I$/V$ :=IIVEI 9E)NVHOXEI ~’~

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S~78Vl ABBREVIATIONS, REFERENCES, UNITS AND CONVERSION FACTORS

As the following document makes use of abbreviations and references, an explanation of each has been included below. A conversion table, relating the..units by which various commodities are measured, has also been provided.

ABBREVIATIONS cons concentrates f.o.t, free on truck f.o.b, free on board n.a. not available f.o.r, free on rail n.ap. not applicable

REFERENCES

N,A. Not available for publication. (a) Estimated f.o.b value. (b) Metallic by-product of nickel mining. (c) Value based on the average Australian Value of Alumina as published by the by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. (d) Value at works. (e) Estimated ex-mine value. (f) Value based on monthly production and average gold price of that month as supplied by the Gold Producers’ Association. (g) Estimated f.o.t value. (h) Estimated f.o.b value. Estimated f.o.b value based on the current price of nickel containing products. (J) Delivered value. (k) Metallic by-product of copper mining.

UNITS AND CONVERSION FACTORS Conversion factors

Metric Unit Symbol Imperial Unit Multiply Multiply Imperial Metric Unit by Unit by

Mass gram g troy (fine) ounce (oz) 31.103522 0.032151 kilogram kg pound (Ib) 0.453592 2.204624 tonne t long ton (2,240 Ibs) 1.016046 0.984207 tonne t short ton (2,000 Ibs) 0.907185 1.102311 Volume kilolitre kl barrel (bbl) 6.28981 0.158987 kilolitre kl cubic metre (m3) 1 Energy gigajoule GJ million million British Themal units (mmBTu) 1.055072 0.947803

Prefix kilo (k) 103 NW Shelf Gas mega (M) 106 giga (G) 109 1 TCF = 1082 petajoules tera (T) 1012 1 Mt = 54 petajoules peta (P) 1015 ~AOU S! s!seqduJe ~O!lod s,ueder’ q6noq;IV e ]no PelnJ eAeq S]S!LUOUOOe ’/LIeAOOeJ SIq eq; JO/q!l!qeu!e]sns eq; JeAO s]s!sJed/qe!xue el!qAA "~LUOUOOe leOJ oq], O:~U! JeAOIl!dS ~ ],ueAeJd o], peu6!sep e6eNoed snlnLU!;S leOS!J eA!suaqeJduJoo e pedoleAep eAeq se!;!Joq~ne ’s;no e;eJ ;seJe;u! eA!sseoons ~q Pe;leq ueeq ;ou seq eP!lS eq; sV "uo!~eljep ;esse q;!M pe;e!oosse eLunej] eq] pue /q!l!qe]!joJd ~)],eJOdJOO leJeue6 peseeJoep ’s]qep peq JeAo Se!JJO~A 6U!]UnOLU ~q ue^!Jp 6u!eq s! ’Jee~ pJ!q; s]! u! Mou ’~e>lJeLU se!;!nbe 6u!u!loeP V ";noe>leqs le!Oueu!j eJe^es e jo ~,unJq eq; Jeeq o] senu!;uoo ;e>lJeUJ >lOO;S s, uo!]eu ;eq; se q~MoJl~ eJo;seJ o; se!]!Joq;ne eseuedep uo peoeld 6u!eq s! eJnsseJd leUO!]euJe]ul

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Luee]s u!euu eq] ’~6-~66~ 6u!Jnp ~LUOUOOe PlJOt~ dn ~lo!d plnoqs qo!q~/ueôoeJ Nee~ eq~ u! q]~woj6 IleJeAo euJos se~ eJeq] el!qM e 6u!;oalJeJ ]ueoJed oNq punoJe eq Plnoqs ~66L 6u!Jnp q~oJ60!LUOUOOq "dLUnlS e O~U! Atuouoo:l PlJOM alp, |0 Me!AeI:I I." I- ~toeq P!IS/ueôoeJ/£q]leeq ~l;ueJedde ue ueq~ uo!sseoeJ d!pelqnop s,Jee~ ;Sel jo ~31Al=I3AO "I. focussed on a mild expansion of public weak. Expectations for general business spending, monetary measures are still to the conditions over the next six months have been fore. Interest rate cuts should reduce pressure revised down. on the banking system and any boost in stock prices will make available more equity funding The reliance of Australian primary producers for business investment. It is reasoned that by on overseas markets was again demonstrated diminishing the air of crisis which has been as depressed commodity prices continued to overhanging the banking system and force adjustments on exporters. stockmarket, both business and consumer confidence should revive. While improvement is expected in some sectors, there is little evidence of broad There is an emerging consensus among recovery in mineral and petroleum product Australian mineral producers that the prices. traditional emphasis on the US and other major industrialised economies as the main 1.3 Economic Factors Affecting the Mining engines of growth may be misplaced. An Industry alternative strategy could see an increased effort in developing trade and cooperative Western Australia’s export dependent minerals production links with the high growth and energy industry is now in the second year economies of South East and North Asia. of an overall contraction in activity. The impact of the international recession has generally 1.2 Review of the Australian Economy been to reduce demand, prices, and investment flows. The reduction in spending Although a modest recovery in economic on exploration is of particular concern, with the activity is underway, low growth and high goldmining sector bearing most of the cut unemployment continue to characterise the backs. emergence from recession. GDP grew by approximately 0.5 percent in the June quarter. Mineral commodity prices were buffeted by Over the year to June output rose by falls in demand and disproportionate supply approximately 1.5 percent, well below the responses by some key producing nations. growth rates usually recorded in the early Demand for most metalliferous minerals stages of recovery. contracted as a result of a general fall in the production of a wide range of consumer and Falling domestic interest rates and ever capital goods. Despite efforts by many escalating levels of foreign debt have had the governments to encourage infrastructure effect of reducing Australia’s exchange rate spending as a means of generating economic with its major trading partners. activity, there is little evidence of flow through to minerals demand. During the first half of 1992 domestic private consumption to provided much of the growth The sensitivity of the State’s resources sector in demand, with dwelling investment the major to international developments continued to broad sector concerned. The pick-up in force adjustments on local producers. lending and construction activity occurred Expansions, and in some cases strategic without any apparent sign of renewed restrictions, of output and an even closer inflationary pressures. Business confidence, attention to cost structures were the main which was battered by more than a year of strategies employed during the past financial discouraging economic developments, is year. generally low and fixed investment remains ue qloq ~Olle plnoqs aleJ a6ueqoxa ,~peals e uosJed Jed 6u!s!t:l "ueq|auaJls oi 6u!nu!luoo pue uo!6aJ ue!sv aql u! ql~o~6 pueuJap 6UO~lS ~lJel!w!s s! Sa!LUOUOOe ue!sv 6u!6JauJe paloa[oJd "86-~66~ Ou.unp ,~peals aq Plnoqs eql pue uedep oi ’uo!leJae]u! JaSOlO se Ile~ se uo!lonpo~d au!tu to auJnlo^ peo~q aq| ’uo!~e.ue^ ’se~e~lU!l ape J] pue le!J|snpul "saoue|suJnoJ!o leJoloes euJos eq I1!~ eJeql el!q~ "¢66L peue|!eJ]s luasoJd eq| u! ueê ’aôJduJ! q6noJq| uaq|6uaJ|S pue popad 6u!peJ| luaJjno ol 6u!nu!iuoo s! s|onpoJd leJOU!LU s,a]e]$ eq~ ol aql 6u.unp jaôoaJ oi u!6aq plnoqs s|onpoJd pe!ldde 8u!aq 6u!sseooJd uJeeJisu~op jo leêl ,~6JaUa pue leJau!~u qloq ~o saopd la>pe~u eql leql suB!s I~u!~eJnooue osle aJe eJaq/

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"~aAOOaJ ,~ue eoueque £11e!lUelsqns plnoo qo!qM ~JO~ le sJopel leJn|onJls awos eJe eJaql ’llno!ll!P ¯ eeJe s!q| u! Jepeel plJoM e se peaPelMOU~Oe s! lueuJuoJ!ûe 6u!1eJedo luaseJd aq| el!q^^ s! ~Jlsnpu! ue!leJ|snv aq/ "as!lJadxa ¯ uo!lel!l.~leqaJ pue luauJa6eueuJ leluetuuoJ!ûa |qop dn Pl!nq Ol so!uedLuoo 6u!PnlOu! ’sao~es pa|elaJ-6u!u!uJ to ales eql 1o eoue|onleJ leJeuo6 e ~q pue 6u!punl u! s! qlMOJ6 iJodxa lueo!l!u6!s to eaJe Jeqlouv 41!nbe 1o ~lOel e ~q uodn paloeduJ! osle se~ luauJ|seûl "s|oe[oJd taou Jol spo!Jed ~ioeq/~ed ¯sleleuJ pue sleJau!uJ peJ!nbeJ eql 6u!uepoqs pue sau!uJea pou!eleJ lo slJodxe ue,eJlsnv Joj la~euJ 6U!MOJ6 1o Iood aql 6u!qs!u!uJ!p ’suo!s!oap lueuJ|SeAU! pue |uelJodm! ue luesaJdaJ uo!6gJ ue!sV uJJal Je6UOl olu!/I1u!e]Jaoun paseeJou! 8u!pe[u! |se3 aqi u! uo!|d~unsuoo sle|am pue sauJoou! Io lOella eldpl eq| peq sicêl l!IoJd peonpeEI increase in export volumes and moderately study closely examined the requirements for higher real prices. regional industry and social development in a bid to integrate these elements in future 1.4 Social and Political Factors Affecting mining and petroleum industry investment. the Mining Industry As the recession and its lingering effects During 1991-92 a range of issues related to impacted on the Australian mining industry land access continued to be of central concern there are some indications that the political to the industry, Government and to many in momentum of the microeconomic reform the wider community. Although the debate agenda has slowed. Microeconomic reform in was joined on several fronts, and some areas the broad economy remains very important, of dispute were particularly acrimonious, some however, for the future viability of the minerals positive developments did occur. Issues and energy industry. As reform addresses the relating to the total investment environment in supply side issues associated with the market the State were also to the fore during the for minerals and processed metals, our current period. competitiveness should be enhanced and scarce investment more readily attracted with One significant achievement on the question a successful outcome. of land access was the establishment of a code of conduct to allow exploration to be Another development issue which will be of undertaken on pastoral leases. The compact increasing importance during the decade is was signed after two years of generally the efforts of the Commonwealth and States to cooperative negotiations between the devise a national gas strategy. A "full, free and Pastoralists and Graziers Association and the fair" interstate trade in natural gas will have Association of Mining and Exploration enormous ramifications for gas rich Western Companies. Progress on this initiative is Australia. important in that nearly one third of Western Australia is covered by such leases and the As the world economy begins to recover agreement could be useful in the resolution of during 1992-93, and the minerals and other land access issues. petroleum industry again gathers pace, it can be expected that a range of social and political Several lengthy disputes connecting potential issues, some no doubt vexatious, will again mining developments with claims made under come to the fore. the Aboriginal Heritage Act received wide attention during the year. The Government attempted to address what were seen as shortcomings of the Act by rewriting the current legislation and regulations. In drafting the new Act an exhaustive process of consultation is being followed. Any ramifications of the "Mabo Decision", recently handed down by the High Court, are yet to be tested in Western Australian courts.

The Pilbara 21 study, an initiative by the State Government which sought to identify the economic development opportunities in the Pilbara, was completed during the year. The wn!qi!7-wnle~Uel-U!J_ 0 Olel ® spues leJeu!w AAeeH [] PlOD LUneloJlecI } spUOLUe!C] le~lO!N ¯ leOO eJo eseulgl~ue[Aj ¯ eU!Lunlv-e;!xne8 v eJo uoJI ~ Sle;eLU ase8

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eunl!M e 2. REVIEW OF MAJOR MINERALS AND increased by an overall three percent to PETROLEUM ~approximately 112 million tonnes (Figure 2.3). ~

2.1 IRON ORE Production and value have generally followed IRON ORE PRICES.. SA/Fe tonne a similar pattern over the past two years. Both declined marginally in the latter half of 1990 before recovering in 1991 and again falling in the first half of 1992. (Figure 2.1). 44 ’

Iron Ore 42 Production & Value by Quarter

Quantity Mt Value SA million8 32 - 900 40 [~ Qu=ntity i

38 ff 30 ...... 800

ASON D J FMAMJ J ASOND J FMAM J 1990 I 1991 I 1992 I 28 MONTHS 80URCE: HIGH GRADE FINE ORE PRICES.

Both supply and demand factors significantly affected the international steel market during

24 1991-92. Production fell in the former Eastern SEP DEC MAR JUN SEPDEC MAR JUN 90 I 91 Bloc countries and Commonwealth of Independent States because of sharply SOURCE= DOME reduced domestic consumption and the gradual closure of inefficient plants. Among The Western Australian iron ore industry the industdalised nations of Western Europe continued to record strong results in output and North Amedca, sluggish demand from and realised value in 1991-92. A small decline steel users and dsing inventories resulted in a in the exchange rate offset the slight real price contraction in iron ore sales. The effect on decrease negotiated for the trading period. Japanese steel production was delayed, but This, and an increase in tonnes shipped for the first time in 6 years output could drop resulted in a modest overall increase in value below 100 million tonnes in 1992. The of production (Figure 2.2). emerging industrialised nations of South East Asia were exceptions to this trend. A mild At approximately $3.0 billion, industry receipts though steady improvement is expected to from exports and domestic sales were up by emerge in all of these markets dudng 1992-93. 11 percent on the 1990-91 result. The relatively strong result was a function of the It is forecast that continued demand growth in State’s producer’s broad market base, the the markets of China, Korea and Taiwan proximity to the stronger market performers of should substantially offset any continuing South East Asia and the preference shown for weakness in the other main markets for the range of Western Australian ore types. Western Australian iron ore. This should have Aggregated domestic and export tonnages an overall effect of stabilising the current level ¯(£’~ eJnO!=l) poped eq| Oupnp peJ|uoo o| |ndlno elels pepodaJ jo enle^ le|o| pesneo eo.ud PlOl~ a~eJa^e Ja~Ol ~U!l!e^eJd eq| ’sJeonpoJd leOOl Jol ~le|eunpojul7 "~6-L66~ u! seuuol ~9~ ,~leleLU!xoJdde o| AlleU!~JeLU paseaJou! uo!lonpoJd PlO!D

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¯slmpeLu podxe Allepeds pue o!lsewop 6u!AJes 1o esodJnd eql Jol etleJlsnv uJalSeN~ u! peqs!lqelsa ,~l!peaJ eJOLU eq PlnOO SlI!LU peoueApe AlleO!6OlOuqoel lnq IleWs AleA!IeleJ leql peuoseeJ s! II "eueu!MN le loe[oJd I~u!11etus loeJ!p s,uo!leJodJoo ~leWS!H eql s! eseql to elq!6uel lso~u eqz ’6u!sseJ6oJd ,~llueJJno eJe qo!qM sa!pnls II!W leals leJeAes eql le lSaJelu! ql!M IOUPlO01 osle eJe sJeonpoJd s,alel£ eqj. Vl7VW±ef7V N 83183.~ Vi7VId/eCIV dO 183EI

¯ sJaJnlueA lU!O[ JGA!EI eqoEI eql pue dH8 Aq umlepepun 6u!aq eJe se!l!lPel Ou!lPueq NOllOnOOEld 3ElO NOI=ll pod 1o suo!suedxe Jo!elAI "eu!w Jeuueqo eql 1o 41!oedeo ol eseeJou! ^peels e 1o llnseJ e se £6-~66~ u! sle^el uo!lonpoJd JeqO!q 6u!lo!peJd ¯ po!Jad Ou!peJ1 s! uoJI 4elsJeuJeH "elepdeeG le luewdole^ep lueJJno eql qOnoJql Iseal le sales pue Indlno Io While the calculated value of production was industry activity, is very sensitive to changes in $2.7 billion, given the widespread use of the exchange rate. If recent downward forward sales contracts, the actual sales value pressure on the Australian dollar is sustained of all gold produced was probably closer to returns to local producers will be significantly $3.0 billion. boosted, thus making new investment much more attractive. Gold There remain, however, several structural Production & Value by Quarter factors which are negatively affecting the Western Australian gold mining industry. Quantity t Value SA mllllona 50 = 800 These include an overall reduction in funds ~ Ou=ntlty ~ available for exploration and rising input costs which due mainly to the depletion of easily " 750 won ores. Generally lower exploration expenditure and a concentration on satellite /’ ...... - 700 deposits are matters of concern for the I industry’s longer term viability. \ / 44 -I ...... ~, ~:.;~ ¯ - BE0 GOLD PRICES: $A/oz.

42 -I I" - 800 SA 600

40’ . I ~ ~ 550 8EP DEC MAR JUN 8EPDEC MAR JUN I ~o I gl I ~= 475 80URCE: DOME Fl|ure |.4

The prevailing relatively low price on world 460 markets of around US$350/oz continues to be the main concern of Western Australian miners. The changing structure of the market, where the precious metal is increasingly being traded like any other commodity, means that JASOND J FMAMJ JASOND d FMAMJ supply and demand factors are now the main MONTHS determinants of price. Analysts believe that IOURCE= LONDON (]OLD PRICE, MONTHLY with reduced sales by central banks and a lessening of speculative trading, physical demand from the gold fabrication industry will tend to drive the market. As demand from That the industry shakeout has not been more jewellery manufacturers consistently outstrips severe during the past year owes much to the new production, and as the incidence of large generally sound structure of the State’s speculative sales seems to be diminishing, principal operating companies. A collective some confidence is returning to the industry. ability to restrain operating cost increases, and International demand is expected to improve to utilise a range of market mechanisms in in line with an upturn in general economic project financing, have been hallmarks of the activity. local industry, While some mine closures have occurred they have generally been as a result Because of the high value nature of the metal, of ongoing policies of rationalisation and returns to developers, and hence gold mining concentration. Although the industry is A~q |asgo 5u!aq s! Ou!ua~teaM s!q_L "suo!leu 15uoJls ,~le^!|elaJ 1o Jee£ Jeq|oue pepJooeJ pas!le.ulsnpu! aql uJoJj pUeLUep UO uo!ssaoaJ ~snpu! LuneloJled s.e!leJ|snv uJeisa/~A eql ~o spega aq| o| peq.uose ~lled!ou.ud aq ueo sluaLueôuJ eo.ud I!O 1o eJnleu "(/_’E~ aJnlS!-i) ,~llqS!lS esoJ lie se5 leJn|eu pue panpqns ~le^!|elaJ eqj. (9"~ a~nl~!:l) uaqB!q E)N-I ’elesuapuoo ’1!o 1o |ndlno eo!Jd I!O apnJo ,~l|q6!IS e~e~ seopd lods eSe~eê ,~ILIIUOLU ’~6 JalJos e e]!dseCl "po!Jed 0u!peJ| 0u!peoeJd -~66~ 6upnp lueoJed O~ leU~OU e ~q aso~ I!O aq] 0u!Jnp pepJooeJ SaM qO!qM llnseJ epmo Io ao.ud pelq6!e~ epe~l PlJOM eOeJeê 15uoJ|s aq| o| e^!]elaJ £11eu!SJeuJ paseeJoep eql le~eq ~ed t~srl$ ,~leleuJ!xo~dde IV uo!lonpoJd jo enle^ Jo|oas lelO| g6-L66L Ul

’po.ued 0u!peJl pJooeJ e |e sld!eoeJ lelOi ql!~ ,~l!pee|s Me J5 Sales CON’1 "UO!ll!W "866L £lJee sales se0 leJnleu el!qM ’UO!ll!q ,~q suo!leJedo ino uedo eouewwoo plnoqs Ol ~lleU!lSJeLu pe|oeJluoo s|d!eoej eiesuepuoo pue alSeis ,~|!l!q!seej peoue^pe ue le s! pue I!O epruo "eJn0u L6-066~ eq! uo aseeJoep ,~ueuJ Jo] fua^oos!p lselSJel eq| ’aliCe euMoueN lueoJed x!s e ’UO!ll!q ~g$ ~le|ew!xoJdde ¯ uJnq~loouue8 pue JaOUOl~ luno~ ’aJniOo~ se~ lnd|no Jo},oas uJneloJlad lie jo enle^ lelO/ ]uno~l ’e!w/uel/~l ’Je|3 uJe01!~ eq| epnlou! Jeai~ eql Ou.unp uo!lonpoJd peoueuJLuoo qO!qM spe!oJd MaN "lSu!qoeel deeq qlSnoJql ~l.UeUJ!Jd ’£},!oedeo |o uo!suedxe elSJel e 15u!o6Jepun s! loe!oJd JeJle/ eq/ "lSuoJ|s Xle^!ieleJ ueeq seq luew|se^u! |oe!oJd 15u!ls!xa pue MaU ’SUO!I!puo0 le>lJeUJ lq5!l

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¯lie! s|onpo~d lie Jol sld!eoeJ ’E)N’I JOl es.u leU!O~eLU e ~uoJl uede ’|nq po.ued eLII ~u.unp esoJ lie seO Imnleu pue E)NI ’e|esuepuoo 1!o jo seLunlo^ sales NOllOnOO~d 0700 ’eo.ud I!O leUO!lewe|u! eql u! slUaLUe^om IleLUS XlUO ~0 llnseJ e se ,~l|qO!lS peonpeJ qOnoq| ’lsncloJ u!eOe sam uo!~onpo~d s~oloes lie jo "(9"g eJn0!:l) e~,el8 0upnpoJd anleA le|ol eql "uo!lonpoJd pue |ue~udole^ep U!eLU eql eq o| senu!|uoo e!leJlsnv uJe|SeN~ PIe!| ’uo!leJoldxe ’0u!uueld u! ’luewuoJ!AUe llno!ll!P e u! 0u!leJedo Xl|ueJJnO strengthening demand in developing countries sales as part of a 10 year contract with and by OPEC’s intermittent attempts to SECWA. In a move which bodes well for the restrain supply. In the absence of any demand domestic natural gas industry BHP shock, the average price of crude oil is Petroleum’s announcement of a development forecast to gradually strengthen during 1992- plan for the Gdffin oil field included future 93. The medium to longer term outlook is for provision for gas gathering on the immediate OPEC’s market power to become steadily and surrounding fields. Griffin will be a two enhanced with falling CIS sourced output stage project with an estimated field life of 13 being replaced by Kuwaiti, and eventually years. Iraqi, production.

PETROLEUM PRODUCTION CRUDE OIL PRICES: SA/bbl (including CONDENSATE)

$A GI 80 ~ 36 REST OF AUSTRALIA WESTERN AUSTRALIA 45-~’ 3O

4O ~’ 25

35-t, 2O

30 -I 18

10 25-I~

0 , , ,, , , , 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 AS~)ND J FMAM 0 J AS(~ND J FMAM 1990 { 1991 J 1992 YEARS

MONTHS 80URCES~ DOME, BMR & ABARE FIGURE 8OURCE: BRENT 8POT, MONTHLY AVERAGE.

The Roller field, close to Onslow, was The State’s output of condensate rose to committed to development eady in 1992, with about 2.0 million kilolitres and crude oil to project funding to be arranged by the end of nearly 5.5 million kilolitres during the trading the year. Production is planned to commence period (Figure 2.9). within two years. After successive size downgradings, which have significantly altered All in all 1991-92 was another good year for the economic viability of the project, the the State’s petroleum industry, with Cossack field is finally set to be developed in considerable advances in all aspects of conjunction with the larger Wanaea discovery. activity on the North West Shelf. Massive The combined project, which will not come on investment in reserve delineation, field stream before the mid 1990s, includes a development and production capacity floating production ship with gas pipeline proceeded, even though there was some linkage to the North Rankin/Goodwyn A line. evidence of a industry wide contraction in exploration activity. Phase 3 of the North West Shelf project, which involves $1.7 billion of new investment in Hadson Energy’s gas gathering project came fabrication and construction centred on the on stream during July and recorded its first Goodwyn A development, is progressing on eq| Ou.unp |ndlno leuo!leu eq| peleu!mop enle^ lelOl eql ~6-~66~ u! seuuo| UO!ll!UJ ueês u!eOe uo!|onpoJd ue!le~lsnv u~olseM Jeô O| ,~lleU!BJeuJ esoJ sJeonpoJd s,e!leJ|snv ¯ u~nlu~op |e~em |ue~Jno eq| lnoqOno~q| uJe|seM uJoJl |ndlno pele~JeuJ el!qM suo!le~edo J!eqi ,~o ,~oue!o!ge pue ,~l!oedeo eql eô~dtu! o| penu!luoo. ~elSJOM pue VOOIV ’s~eonpo~d |uep!ue ]soo lsom s.ppo~ ’=l~lOO ::=OBl10~ eql ~o oe~, se suo!1!sod J!eql ql!~ 6u!deeH Ul

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¯ epeoep |xeu eq| qSnoJq| ~uJouooo OlelS oql uo |oolle lueou!uO!s e eêq ’sJe!ld!llnLu IUeLUXOIdLUe pue euuo~,IV$ :8EIOIEId VNII~In7V lueuJ|seAu! ’euJoout 1o stus!ueqoeu~ eql ~q ’ll!ta euole pe[oJd geqs ;sam q~JoN eql ;eql UMOqS eAeq se!pnls lueoeEI "s066~ eql ttOnoJq| ¯(~ ~’~ e~n6!-l)suo!suedxe ,q!oedeo taOlle II!ta ’pel~!uJuJoo sJeonpo~d s,elel$ eq! ,~q pepJooe~ sld!eoe~ pue eoeld u! ’|ueLulseû! le!luelsqns el!qta u! ep!Is eql |sere o| ell1!l p!p ~lleJ eo.ud ’q~o~6 eo!Jd pue pueLuep ep!ôJd plnoqs eq| po.ued Ou!pe~l eloq~ eq! ~eô "lueo~ed ~ sle>lJe~u leUO!|euJelu! u! slueuJdoleêp uJJel ,~q asp seopd ~es qo!q~a s|e~Jetu ~un!u!~unle uJn!pe~l "poo8 ~Je^ s! e!le~lsnv u~e|se~ u! uo Xlle~ e Pe~OllO~ s!ql ’E~66L ~o ~e~enb ~lsnpu! uJnelo~|ed eqi ~ol HOOllno IleJeô eqj. eql Ou.unp seo.ud eu~nle ~o ~u!tu~!| fue~odu~e| e seea e~eq± "UO!ll!q 9"~$ Xle|e~u!xo~dde "~66 ~ jo pue eqi ,~q leUO!|eJedo ol lueo~ed 9L ,~q Ilei uo!|onpo~d jo eq Plnoqs u!eJi 9N’1 PJ!ql eq£ "elnpeqos period (Figure 2.12). produced from Western Australian mines. The total value of refined metal and matte sales was also disappointing, sliding by ALUMINA PRODUCTION approximately 18 percent to $490 million.

12- [~] REST OF AUSTRALIA i Contained Nickel Production 8, Value by Quarter

Quantity kt Value SA mllllona 16 175 [~] Quantity [~ Value

14 - 160

12¸ - 125

1960 1985 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 YEARS 8OURCES; DOME, BMR & ABARE lO 100 8EP DEC MAR JUN SEP DEC M I 90 I 91 I 92 I Aggregate production should increase even SOURCE: DOME further during 1992-93 as a result of the start up of the Wagerup expansion and some capacity increases at Worsley’s operation. The overall result was primarily attributable to Worsley is currently undertaking a feasibility a gradual weakening of world market prices study into a significant future expansion which, over the trading period (Figure 2.14). There if proceeded with, will absorb nearly $500 was no sign of a price recovery during the first million of new investment. ALCOA is closely half of 1992. Some evidence of a slight considering the expansion of its current output recovery in demand was overwhelmed by a of hydrated alumina more than threefold to continuation of strong supply growth. 800 000 tonnes per annum. Substantial volumes of the metal entering world markets, albeit at relatively low prices, is Western Australia’s low cost producers are from suppliers in the ClS. well positioned to supply a significant proportion of the three percent national Notwithstanding current market difficulties, increase in exports forecast for 1992-93. there are some promising signs of recovery in the medium term. 2.5 NICKEL The main demand factor continues to be the Over the past two years output and value of long predicted return to positive economic production have steadily fallen. The decline growth by the industrial nations. The level of has been broadly in line with the gradual consumer stocks relative to potential demand, erosion in pdces (Figure 2.13). and a trend towards increased nickel intensity, should also improve the market outlook During 1991,92 there was an eight percent fall considerably. Stainless steel demand is not in the total tonnage of contained nickel metal only a function of general economic growth, eq oi senuguoo uo!lum, le elqeJep!suoo

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’sloeJ|uoo wJel Ouol eJnoes ol sJedoleêp eql lo A~|!l!qe eq| pus seo.ud le~lo!U uJJg lo suo!leo!pu! uo |ue0u!|uoo eq IIVa |UeLU|!UJLUO0 leug ql~noqlle ’sloe[oJd eq| Jol Ou!sseJ6oJd eJe se!pnls pue~noq& Y$ pue uo!|enleê Pel!ele(] "~Jlsnpu! Ue!leJ|snv auuo|/v$ :8:lOIEld 73MOIN uJelse~ eq! Io eJnlnl uJJel OUOl eqi Jo! le!oruo se uees s! s|!sodep e!pu!qeHeA pue luno~ eql Io lueuJdoleêp eq.L "sple!lPlO9 ¯uogeln6eJ lelUeWuoJ!AUe jo uJe|seE]-qpoN eql u! peleool seoJnossJ leAel eql pue o6ueqo leO!6OlOuqoel ’sop|unoo ep!qdlns epeJ~ MOI e6Jel eql uo pessnool Ou!doleêp u! q~oJO ewoou! io OSl~ inq term market fundamentals are favouring the As a result of the CSO’s agreements with Western Australian industry. Committed and Angola and Zaire unauthorised supply from conditional capital investment, tied as it is to those nations should be reduced. Direct workplace efficiencies, will also place the local purchasing arrangements with the principal industry well for a strong recovery. Despite producing centre in Russia will similarly tend production difficulties Western Australia to enhance the CSO’s power to manage the retained its position as the premier nickel market. Any recovery in the major economies producing State (Figure 2.15). should quickly feed through to boost market demand. It is hoped that new marketing 2.6 DIAMONDS strategies developed to add value and increase turnover will prove successful in the Western Australia’s two producers reported medium term. significant overall increases in total carats of diamonds sold during 1991-92. This rise was Total sales from the State’s producers should not reflected in the total value of sales as be approximately the same in 1992-93 as that prices fell slightly during the period. While recorded in 1991-92. sales volume increased by over 50 percent to around 47 million carats, the value of sales Diamond exploration within the State remains rose by a more modest 30 percent to relatively strong with expenditure in the current approximately $565 million. period projected to exceed $23 million. In addition to continuing work in the Kimberley, The unforeseen extent and depth of the active programmes are underway in both the recession in the main industrialised countries East and West Pilbara and in the region of the has decreased demand for all categories of Marymia Dome. diamonds currently being marketed. It is estimated that world-wide sales by the Central 2.7 HEAVY MINERAL SANDS Selling Organisation (CSO) contracted by around 10 percent during 1991-92, the slump Over the past two years there has been a tending to worsen the first six months of 1992. steady decline in the prices of heavy mineral This was the group’s lowest level of activity sands products. This has been due mainly to since 1987. The CSO has since reduced an oversupply on world markets. The State’s normal purchase volumes from major output and value of production of ilmenite has producers by 25 percent in a measure fluctuated as producers have attempted to designed to stabilise the market. adjust to a faltering market (Figure 2.16).

The overall effect of the recession driven Western Australia’s heavy mineral sands contraction in demand has been made worse producers were again tested in a very difficult by the rapid escalation of rough diamond sales trading environment during 1991-92. As the out of Angola. Uncontrolled mining and the demand for titanium dioxide pigment has illegal trading of rough stones from this source softened prices have continued to decline. has increased market volume by There was a fall in the price index for industry approximately 10 percent and worked to erode products (Figure 2.17). Demand and sales of the CSO’s regime of managed prices. synthetic rutile, which showed some stability during the year, was the one bright spot in an Analysts are cautiously optimistic that quotas overall soft market. already in place, and some signs of an improvement in market sentiments, will Total industry value of production was down improve the trading environment in 1992-93. by about 13 percent to approximately $336 ~091.

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¯uJn]u~op eq] ]no epp o] ]dwe]ie ue u! ’qvaoJ8 ]nd|no Ou!onpeJ Ou!PnlOu! ’se!Oe]eJis io eSueJ e peidope sJeonpoJd "UO!ll!W advanced feasibility stage or under the Australian dollar against the $US consideration, considerably boosted the incomes of these principal export sectors. These include significant developments at Jangardup and Dardanup. Although full scale The North West Shelf project will continue to mining of the Beenup deposit has again been have a significant effect on the State’s delayed, pending indications of an upturn in economy, with a projected increase in market demand, the project management has employment and associated economic activity announced a major programme of bulk as the production phase advances. Although sampling to be undertaken later this year. there is currently some downward pressure on Westralian Sand’s planned $100 million prices, iron ore exports should also strengthen expansion of synthetic rutile production in the medium term, bolstered by industry capacity at Capel has moved a step closer efficiencies and by a steady demand growth with the preparation of documents relating to for steel in key East Asian markets. environmental requirements. The company is on schedule to make a decision on funding in Despite a better than expected performance, the new year in order to have the extra the gold sector is under pressure from capacity on stream by 1995. The strategy is to changes in the market structure, rising costs commission the new cost efficient plant in time and a stagnating price. Diamond producers to catch the next sustained market rise. are similarly cautious in their short term projections as there is little scope for price Despite the present market difficulties the rises and some uncertainty over marketing State’s heavy mineral sands sector is arrangements. confirmed as a long term, and significant, investor in primary production and as an Analysts forecast that a steady industry wide industry leader in downstream processing. recovery should commence during 1992-93 and gradually strengthen towards the end of 2.8 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK 1993. The recovery will be characterised by modest growth in real prices and by a rise in Western Australia’s export driven resources sales volumes. Any broad improvement will be sector has continued to bear the effects of a contingent on the confluence of generalised generalised slow-down in the international economic growth and the inventory investment economy. A protracted period of economic cycle for mineral commodities. downturn in the industrialised countries has concomitant dangers for the State’s minerals producers.

The State’s total value of minerals and petroleum production declined for the first time in 30 years. The small fall in receipts to $12 billion occurred despite some producers expanding output in response to falling prices.

Alumina, iron ore, gold and most petroleum sector products all increased significantly. The iron ore and petroleum sectors continued to record strong results during the trading period with receipts amounting to $2.9 billion and $2.5 billion respectively. A steady decline in NOI771~ 866’14.$ :7V101 NOIIOnaOEId ..-IO 3n7VA ~6-1.661.

9,,6 ~n37oEI13d

NOI7711N 096’95 : 7V101 NOllOnC]O~d =I0 =~n7v^ Z8-986~. NOl1OnClOl=Id 30 3n7VA :IAIIVEIVdlAIO0 TABLE 3.1 QUANTITY AND VALUE OF MINERALS AND PETROLEUM 1990-91, 1991-92

1990-91 1991-92 MINERAL UNIT QUANTITY VALUE(S) QUANTITY VALUE(S)

BASE METALS Copper t 11 995 20 349 205 12 018 17 440 805 Lead t 12 481 (r) 5 990 776 (r) 21 678 7 297 295 Zinc t 57 331 (r) 76 385 678 (r) 142 919 125 578 837 TOTAL BASE METALS 102 725 659 (r) 150 316 937 BAUXITE-ALUMINA Alumina 6800451 2099125726 7129199 1758150370 Ct~YS Attapulgite t 15 403 3 914 836 19 329 5 860 557 Cement Clay t 22 994 137 964 16 741 170 243 Fire Clay t 620 744 0 0 Kaolin t 0 0 3 120 218 131 White Clay t 153 611 (r) 1 689 718 (r) 22 575 225 745 TOTAL CLAYS 5 743 262 6 474 676

COAL t 5 218 176 232 915 908 5 491 310 243 540 117 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Aggregate t 102 945 435 358 121 343 737 177 Gravel t 30 952 152 200 120 716 620 463 Rock t 43 135 454 534 144 617 538 908 Sand t 548 673 2 327 258 1 031 609 5 752 069 TOTAL CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 3 369 350 7 648 617

DIAMOND ct 29 964 155 435 725 448 47 485 294 564 768 721

DIATOMITE t 22 160 169 1 300 DIMENSION STONE Black Granite t 249 76 706 5 687 1 932 444 Quartz Rock t 430 19 302 295 13 258 Spongolite t 115 9 430 376 26 836 TOTAL DIMENSION STONE 105 438 1 972 538 GEM SEMI-PRECIOUS & ORNAMENTAL STONE Amethyst kg 24 617 131 426 17 659 127 910 Chrysoprase kg 0 0 18 555 342 249 Jasper kg (~ 0 8 844 7 499 TOTAL GEM, SEMI-PRECIOUS & ORNAMENTAL STONE 131 426 477 658

GOLD kg 181 175(r) 2762816830 (r) 182043 (e)2689922065 (e) 911~O70(3-9 NOIS=I!AII7-(3 NVS31AII7 L8£ 606 ~1~6 ~ 981~ 690 ~ ~ ~ ~ZcJ 989 8#9 ~ ;~08 ~Z9 Z0 ~ ~NO NONI 7V101 0~9 £~8 88L ~ 9 ~8 Z9~ £0 ~ #8£ ~SZ #B£ ~ 99L #08 80 ~ ~ pe~odx3 Z#6 899 Z£~ 0Z£ Z6Z £ ZS0 ££6 8~ ~ 980 898 ~ 9NO NONI 888 #90 ~ 9~Z 6£# ~ STVN3NI~ 3111V~O3d 7VINIS~QNI 7V101 88# 9 #9~ Z6£ 8~ ~ 08~ ~ 006 L£O ~ 86L ~ 6~ 9#8 ~ £~8 #8 ] Jedsle9 S7VN3NI~ 3111V~3d 7VINISRQNI 6#~ 66~ 988 6~9 Z80 888 SQNVS qVN3NI~ £AV3H ~6~ I~ ~9 086 9g~ ZZL ~08 00~ ~ ~ 80~ ~ uoo~!Z 666 8L8 9~ 991~ L# 0~0 86£ 6# /. 9~ £9 ~ el!;nN 69~ ~1~ g gLg L Z98 (;~ £ 698 9 ] e;~zeuo~ ~98 L ~£ 9 ~SL ~ L 9~8 6£~ 8 ~ 988 8~ ] euexooneq ~98 L~ 86~ 8~ £08 g60 0~Z .J 80~ 89~ ; (~) e~uewll pepe~6d~ 9££ 8£~ 88 ~08 bL6 818 ~8~ £8 ~ 086 996 1 el~uewll 686 £88 8 8L~ ~L0 ~ SONVS 7VNgNI~ IAVgN

~1.0 l.t,O I. ~8 ~0~ 8ZL ~9 O~S S8 ; ~nsako

($)an7~^ ,~l~lN~nO ($)3nqv^ All±NVnO 1INn 7VEI3NIIAI ~6-~66~ ~6-066~ (luoo) F8 ~l’ISVl TABLE 3.1 (cont) 1990-91 1991-92 MINERAL UNIT QUANTITY VALUE(S) QUANTITY VALUE(S)

PIGMENTS Red Iron Oxide 5 757 110 531 RARE EARTHS Gallium kg 8 481 267 377

SALT 6 413 163 136 973 045 6 927 198 153 141 494 SILICA-SILICA SAND Silica t 80 147 822 975 74 171 749 846 Silica Sand t 781 503 6 774 328 580 467 5 489 268 TOTAL SILICA-SILICA SAND 7 597 303 6 239114

SILVER kg 36 919 (r) 5 491 093 (r) 42 697 6 540 741

TALC 161 560 11 691 732 168 891 11 822 370 TIN-TANTULUM-LITHIUM Spodumene t 40 376 7 O79 333 42 516 8 893 387 Tantalite t 702 22 767 073 873 25 005 667 Tin t 262 1 229 162 273 1 286 279 TOTAL TIN-TANTULUM-LITHIUM 31 075 568 35 185 333

VERMICULITE 507 90 227 225 39 943

TOTAL VALUE 12 152 934 002 (r) 11 998 019 122 (e)

Note: Quantities used in this table only apply to Minerals and Petroleum covered by the Mining Act 1978, the Petroleum Act 1967, the Petroleum (Submerged Lands) Act 1982 and relevant State Agreement Acts. (a) Also known as synthetic rutile (e) Estimate (r) Revised from previous edition S7VI£1qlV~ NOIIORIg±SNO0

0Z8 08~ 8£Z ~ 66[ 6~ Z #~# 0~6 88£ 88/- #S~ ~ elepqeJJep-eu~;uedJes

6£8 ~Z0 9L£ 9#6 ~88 ~ ~eJJn~ 880 06~ ~ ~ £ ~ 888 ~eAJeH 66# Z99 98# 008 609 ~ uol6u~ppo8 VNII/~FI7V VNIIAIn7v - 311xnv8

z86 9[8 08~ S7V.L31AI qSV8 7V101 00"6[6 ~#~ 00"9#~/-8 68# £0~ oo61eA 8~z 690 8£ 00’8z9 ££ 809 90~ ~elJeqw!N ;seM-~qJeo ONIZ seUUOl uz (e) 86~ z6~/- 00"8z9 ~ ~/-/-~ ~elJeqw!N ~se/v~-~qJeQ OVq7 seuuo± £08 0##/-[ 8~0"8[0 ~ }=FlddO0 7VIO.L 89z 08# ~ 000"Sz~ 9 80£ 8~ 9~#896 8 000"~#0 ~ /-0~ 0 ~ oo61eI ~88 £80 ~ 000"89 ~ ~ #88 £ eJJeq~e~ee~ #88 69~ ~ 000"88# ~ zz6 6£~ 8 000"089 ~ £~8 £ uo;6u!ppo8 S3/VI::I/N:IONOO N::lddOO

leVI ($) enleA ~,ue;uoO seuuo; eeJv ;ueuJuJe^oE) le~eu!lAI O!lle;elAI ~;!;ueno leOO-1

V~I::IV’ 1NEtlNNI:::I~AOO 7VOO’1113 ~n:r’lOkll~d ONV S-IVEIEINIIN dO :lrlTVA ONV ,~lllNVnO TABLE 4.1 (cont) Local Quantity Metallic Mineral Government Area tonnes Content Value ($) Ref

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS (ctd) AGGREGATE (ctd) Roebourne 80 672 Wyndham-East Kimberley 7 680 46 080 121343 737 177

GRAVEL Broome 590 1 010 Coolgardie 1 880 9 400 Kalamunda 17 996 110 705 Nannup 18 650 92 348 Port Hedland 81 000 405 000 Shark Bay 100 500 Wyndham-East Kimberley 500 1 500 120 716 620 463

ROCK Broome 16 557 180 330 Exmouth 8 103 46 044 Port Hedland 98 820 73 200 Roebourne 21 077 239 034 Shark Bay 60 300 144 617 538 908

SAND Ashburton 4 817 25 327 Canning 11 111 53 355 Carnarvon 3 682 18 410 Collie 7 880 47 274 Coolgardie 61 285 309 525 Dandaragan 4 480 26 880 Derby-West Kimberley 143 1 024 Gingin 1 431 8 588 Leonora 2 651 15 906 Meekatharra 46 214 277 284 Nannup 220 4 400 Northam 6 068 21 245 Port Hedland 44 782 222 482 Roebourne 428 976 2 166 888 Swan 407 799 2 553 061 Wyndham 70 420 1 031 609 5 752 069 TOTAL CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 1 418285 7648 617 (d) $90 ~6 689 ~ ~9e’~O ~81- $8~ 899 96~ ~69"608

6~8 Z~O ~Z 0~6’ ~ LO S Eunl!~ O~ [ ~S~ ~8 ~6’86~ ~ euolsPu~S 099 OX ~8~’~ eu~noqeo~ 9~ 8~0 68 [LO’S~O 9 ~9 8L8 9 6L9" [~ se]zue~

~60 [~8 [99 088"68Z ~ JePlnOS-’81~

98~ ~£0 ~9~ ~8~’668 O~ eno Z9~ £98 ~ 800"~Z8 #~ e~PJe61ooo ~ ~ Z 88#’0 uo~euJeo £8 ~ 8Z~ 0£~ 09#’Z86 9 ~ uo;6u~ppo~ L [6 8 ~ 6~ nv

8£9 LL~ 66# Z ~8 8

0~6 L~[ 6£9 L~

3NO/S NOISN3~IQ 1V£0£ (e) 3/IqO9NOaS (P) ~00~ z£Mvno (P)

3/INVN9 NOVl£ 3N0£8 NOISN3RIQ

(P) 00~ ~ 69~ ueBeJepueG 3.LIIAIOIVIC]

(e) [~L 89L #9£ #6~ £8# L# ~elJequJ!N },se3-Lueqpu~AA (]NOIAIVI(3

JeEI ($) enleA },ueluoo seuuol eeJv ;ueuJuJeAoE) leJeU!lAI O!lle~elAI ~!luenO leOO-1 (|uoo) ~’# :~’18~/~ TABLE 4.1 (cont) Local Quantity Metallic Mineral Government Area tonnes Content Value ($) Ref

GYPSUM Dalwallinu 26 096 387 842 (d) (e) Esperance 2 846 16 507 (e) Irwin 22 394 347 058 (e) Kellerberrin 1 500 10 500 (e) Lake Grace 3 018 12 072 (e) Merredin 1 055 7 385 (e) Nungarin 24504 146 782 (e) Ravensthorpe 2 750 16 500 (e) Wyalkatchem 17 659 96 366 (e) 101 822 1 041 012

HEAVY MINERAL SANDS GARNET SAND Capel 1 272 87 556 (g) Northampton 34721 3 298 429 (e) 35 993 3 385 985

TiO2 % ILMENITE Capel 554 288 54.88) Carnamah 106 612 58.28) Dandaragan 248 405 63.00) Waroona 65 496 54.51) 974 801 83 153 556

TiO2 % UPGRADED ILMENITE Capel 157 694 92.00) Carnamah 105 139 92.00) Dandaragan 42 285 92.00) 305 118 153 117 864 TOTAL ILMENITE 1 279 919 236 271 420 (a)

TiO2 Tonnes LEUCOXENE Capel 10 614 9 662 6 064 677 Waroona 1 168 1 059 453 187 11 782 10721 6 517 864 (a)

ThO2 Units MONAZITE Capel 1 980 12 870 553 921 Carnamah 5 392 35 048 1 577 348 7 372 47 918 2 131 269 (a)

TiO2 Tonnes RUTILE Carnamah 26 765 25 485 15 973 177 Dandaragan 20 701 19 874 10 905 382 47 466 45 359 26 878 559 (a) (P) #99 Vial. ;5[ 61.~ 890 =INO/$=IIAIIq-C]N’v’S=II/~1-1 7V.I.O± 1-~9 $98 ~ 896 99~ ooJeuue/w 0~ ~ 9~ euJnoqeo£1 u!t~Ul 096 06~ fl~O B~ u!6u!o ~L~ 6L9 ~8 ~ ~8 ~puna u~l~pu~a

98~ ~8~ 9 ~69 6L9 u~nq~looO 3NO.I.$31~11"1 - C1NVS3~I-I 0~ ~ 09~ ~!uolseN~ Et/IIAIO-IO(3 3/11~107OC1-3NO193~1"1 - ONV$31~II7

L89 60£ [#6 ~ 988 £90 k [ [ 3EIO NOEtl "IV.LO!. 0#9 £#8 88L ~ 9k8 L9~ 888 0## g96 LV£,9 ~[8 896 88 e4eqlld lSe=l [98 99L ~£ ~6"89 968 8L[ ~ ~elJequa!>l lseAA-~qJec] 968 689/-9/- [ ~8" [9 80 [ 9~ [ 69 uolJnqqsv 3EIO C]3£ElOdX3 %e4

L#6 899 !-cj [ 0L£ Z6L S £#L #88 86 06" [9 8~8 #8£ 8 eJgql!d 18e3 66# 86~ #8 0/-’#9 ~68 09~ [ ,~elJequJDt lseAA-~qJec] 80/- £86 #~ 60’09 ££8 ~00 [ uolJnqqsv 3190 O1993~OC1 %e4 3E~O NOEtl

$-IVEI3NI~ 391£V~93~ "IVIEt/SIqCINI 7V£O.1.

#91. emql!d ;se3 VOl~

006 LCJ0 [ 86/- ~ ##8 g~£ [6£ [ [ puelpeH ]Jod 99S #8£ ~0~ [ I. u!pnqupln~ EIVdSq3=I SqVEI3NIIAI 311/VIAIE)3d -IVIIg£SnQNI

6#~ 66~ 988 SGNVSqV~3NI~ AAV3H qV£O± (e) 068 818 [ 9#9 g ~09 £ L99 [8[ £[ 8L9 £g 610 #9 £££ 69L 6~ LgZ 9L 68£ Lk k 0#£ 668 #k 66~ ~g 069 6# NOO£11Z seuuo£ ~O~Z $C]NVS "IVN3NIIN kAVqN mew ($) enleA lue~,uoo seuuo] eeJv lUeU.IuJeAoO leJeU!lAI O!llelel~l /q!lueno leOO-I (luoo) [’1~ a’lBVl TABLE 4.1 (cont) Local Quantity Metallic Mineral Government Area tonnes Content Value ($) Ref

Mn% MANGANESE ORE East Pilbara 395 303 45.94 71 855 982 (a)

NICKEL INDUSTRY Co Tonnes. COBALT BY-PRODUCT Coolgardie 633.497 28 776 215 Roebourne 0.498 32 329 633.995 28 808 544(a) (b) Ni% NICKEL CONCENTRATES Coolgardie 221 897 10.71 230 816 226 Kalgoorlie-Boulder 39 159 11.38 43 137 036 Lave~on 3 401 8.35 2 979 887 Leonora 211 071 10.27 209 630 276 475 528 486 563 425

NICKEL MATTE Roebourne 221 22.83 464 942

NICKEL ORE Coolgardie 2 892 6.33 1 767 117 Leonora 2 318 6.38 1 368 276 5 210 3 135 393 TOTAL NICKEL PRODUCTION 490 163 760 Pd kg PALLADIUM BY-PRODUCT Coolgardie 554.509 1 386 855 (a) (b) Pt kg PLATINUM BY-PRODUCT Coolgardie 125.637 1 646 045(a) (b)

PEAT Manjimup 762 56 685 (d)

PETROLEUM Kilolitres CONDENSATE Carnamah 606 26 602 (d) Irwin 1 186 138 626 (d) Roebourne 1 994 916 338 816 517 (a) 1 996 708 338 981 745

CRUDE OIL Derby-West Kimberley 19 227 2 690 616 Irwin 32 541 4 321 481 Roebourne 5 380 728 934 210 543 5 432 496 941 222 640 (a)

MMBtu LIQUIFIED NATURAL GAS Roebourne 219 701 000 846 338 551 (a) (e) 0Z8 ~8 ~ ~68 89~ 0Z0 #86 0~ ~0~ 9£~ s6upds eeJq/ 00g 888 069 ;~ ~ e~eqle~teelhl OqVJ.

IOiqOO~cl-},~] :EIqA71$

ONVS VOIqI$ - VOI71S qVlOl

ONVS VOIqlS (e) 9#8 6#Z I.ZI. #Z. eJOOlhl VOIqlS ONVS VOIqlS - VOIqlS

#6# Hz~ 89~ 86L Z~6 9 (e) ~08 09# 8 ~Z~ £8 u~e61~A (e) 0#9 #~ 808 ~eqo]e~le~M (e) 0£9 L69 #L 886 L89 ~£fl ~eqs (e) £Z~ Z9Z Z£ Z~ 899 ~ euJnoqeoN (~) 866 68Z 8# 8~8 6L8 ~ PUelPeH #od (e) 089 Zg# 8~ 089 ~Z~ L uo~eu~eo J_qV$

SIOi700EId l~nq70~ll3cl 7VlOl

JeEI ($) enleA lueluoo seuuo] eeJV lueLuwOAOE) leJeU!lhl O!lle~e~ ~!;ueno leOO7 (luoo) L’I~ a’lSVl TABLE 4.1 (cont) Local Quantity Metallic Mineral Government Area tonnes Content Value ($) Ref

TIN - TANTALUM - LITHIUM Li20 Tonnes SPODUMENE Bridegetown-Greenbushes 42 516 2 320 8 893 387 (a) Ta20.,~g TANTALITE Bridegetown-Greenbushes 713 180 506 16 714 807 East Pilbara 160 73 294 8 290 860 873 253 800 25 005 667 (a) Sn Tonnes TIN Bridegetown-Greenbushes 273 185.000 1 286 279 (a)

VERMICULITE Ravensthorpe 225 39 943 (e)

VALUE OF MINERALS 6 832 296 695 VALUE OF PETROLEUM 2 475 800 362 VALUE OF GOLD 2 689 922 065

TOTAL VALUE 11 998 019 122 6Lg t, ~l~aqu~!M ]sa~ zL6 l~g e~eql!d 0~9/- ~apaqLu!M l.L9 g,L a!pJ~81ooo ls~3

9~ s~puna 3£VE)3EIE)E)V 97VIEI31VIAI NOI/OnEI/SNOO

(e) L~ ~ 01~ ~ 0~g ~6~ S e!llOO 7VOO

¯ S9L ~9 " SAV-!O -IV.LO£ ;seM q;nos AV90 3/IHN~ seqsnquee~E) NI-IOYOt ;seM q;nos AV-IO/N3V~30 6~ 6~ ;seM qlnos 3119-1~dV.LlV SAV-IO

(o) 0L£ 0£~ 8£Z ~ 66~ 6~ Z ;seMq]nos VNIWnqv VNII/~NqV - 3±lxnvg

L86 9~8 0£~ SqVJ_3~ 3SV~] -IV£OJ_ (~) 9#~ z8 68# £o~ oo61~k 8~L 690 8£ 8L9 £9 809 90~ ~elJeq~!N ONIZ seuuo± uz (~) £6~ Z6~ L 8Z9 ~ ~Z Z~ ~elJequJ!>l 1sam avaq seuuo± qd 8F0"SF0 ~F HHddO0 qV/O£ (~) 89Z 08# ~F gZ~ 9 80£ 8~ ~#0 ~ L0~ O~ OOBleA ZL6 6£[ 8 089 ~ £~£ £ ]seN~qlnos #88 69~ ~ 88# ~ ~£# Z eJeql!d II!H )l~ed S3£Vt91N3ONO0 "d3ddO0

|eEl ($) enle^ lueluoo seuuo] Ple!J-leJeu!~ O!lleleIAl ~l!lueno

Q’I~]I-I-’IVI:I3NIIN ~k8 INn3"lOl::ll"~d QNV S’IVI:I=INIIN 40 =In’w^ QNV AIlINVnO TABLE 5.1 (cont) Quantity Metallic Mineral Mineral-Field tonnes Content Value ($) Ref

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS (ctd) AGGREGATE (ctd) West Pilbara 8O 672 121 343 737 177

GRAVEL Cooigardie 1 880 9 400 Gascoyne 100 500 Kimberley 500 1 500 Pilbara 81 000 405 000 South West 36 646 203 053 West Kimberley 590 1 010 120 716 620 463

ROCK Ashburton 8 103 46 044 Gascoyne 60 300 Pilbara 98 820 73 200 West Kimberley 16 557 180 330 West Pilbara 21 077 239 034 144 617 538 908

SAND Ashburton 4 192 22 202 Coolgardie 61 285 309 525 East Murchison 11 986 71 916 Kimberley 70 420 Mt Margaret 2 651 15 906 Peak Hill 34 228 205 368 Pilbara 44 782 222 482 Roebourne 420 862 2 104 310 South West 438 989 2 714 803 West Kimberley 143 1 024 West Piibara 12 421 84 113 1 031 609 5 752 069 TOTAL CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 1 418285 7648617 (d)

Carats DIAMOND Kimberley 47 485 294 564 768 721 (a)

DIATOMITE South West 169 1 300 (d) I~NSdAE}

990 ~6 689 ~ #98"~#0 ~8[ £9[ 999 96[ 68#’608 8~ uJe61!A £9£ 9#L ~8 LL~’8#~ ~ oo61eA 8£L 8## 6~ ~’9~8 ~ eunl~M ~6£ #8~ 09~’6 L eJeql~d ;se~ £8 ~ 8Z~ 0£~ 09#’Z86 9 ~ ;seM q;nos 89£ 99~ £ZL 8££’#£8 L~ eJeql~d L~9 9~0 Z£L 9 ~6’9~9 0L IIIH ~eed £0~ ~99 L8 89Z’~#L ~ e~pJe#looo ;se9 q;JoN

0~£ 8Z8 9 ~Z9" ~8# e!psg61ooo qiJoN Z~# 09L 0£~ 6~8"6~6 9~ uos~qoJn~

#6£ Z~ £6 ~9"~# 9 e~eqle~ee~ 68~ ZS~ 09~ 668"809 L~ uos~qmn~ ;se9 89£ £8 ~ £~# L~’ ~LL 8~ e~p~e61ooo ;se9 ~8~ 099 9~ 8~’6~Z ~ sepuna Z86 ~98 ~ 98Z" ~Z8 #~ e!p4e61ooo ~#Z 090 90~ ~66"9Z8 8~ ~o~Jv peon8 ~ ~ Z 88#’0 uo;~nqqsv

3NO/S -IV/N31AIVN~O aNY SnOlO3kld-11~13S ’IAI3E) 3V10/ II!H ~ad ~3dSVr ]e~6Jelhl ~lhl 3SVEIclOS},EIHO eu~oose9 £S,kH/B#V 3NO/S -IV£N31#IVN}30 (]NV snoIo3}gd-IR3S R3E)

88£ ~Z6 ~ 8£8 9 3NOIS NOISN31AIIC] "1V£O£ (e) 988 9~ 9/-8 ;sam qlnos 3£1"IOE)NOdS (P) 8£;~g[ £6~ lse/~ qlnos >lOON z±uvno

(p) ~d~# ~86 ~ L89 £ 1~1~ #88 [ 6#£ £ AelJeq~!>l ]se/v~ 008 8# 88[ sepunG 3!.INVIdE) >lOVlEI 3 NO.I_S NOISN31,NICI

Jek] ($) enleA ;ue]uoo seuuo; Ple!=l-leJeu!lAI le~eu!l/~ O!lle~el/~ /q!~u~no (:l.U oo) ~’£ TABLE 5.1 (cont) Quantity Metallic Mineral Mineral-Field tonnes Content Value ($) Ref

GYPSUM (ctd) Yilgarn 24 262 145 572 (e) 101 822 1 041 012

HEAVY MINERAL SANDS GARNET SAND South West 35 993 3 385 985(e) (g) ILMENITE South West 974 801 83 153 556 UPGRADED ILMENITE South West 305 118 153 117 864 TOTAL ILMENITE 1 279 919 236271 420 (a)

TiO2 Tonnes LEUCOXENE South West 11 782 10 721 6 517 864 (a)

ThO2 Units MONAZITE South West 7 372 47 918 2 131 269 (a)

TiO2 Tonnes RUTILE South West 47 466 45 359 26 878 559 (a)

ZrO2 Tonnes ZIRCON SouthWest 226930 148354 61 114152 (a) TOTAL HEAVY MINERAL SANDS 336 299 249

INDUSTRIAL PEGMATITE MINERALS FELSPAR Pilbara 11 591 523 344 South West 11 202 534 556 22 793 1 057 900 MICA Commercial Minerals Ltd Pilbara 164 6 483 TOTAL INDUSTRIAL PEGMATITE MINERALS 1 064 383 (h)

IRON ORE Fe% DOMESTIC ORE Peak Hill 2 857 872 63.37 79 876 169 Pilbara 528 526 63.20 15 161 102 West Kimberley 1 260 392 64.70 34 293 499 West Pilbara 1 150 780 60.04 28 333 177 5 797 570 157 663 947 Fe% EXPORTED ORE Peak Hill 33 526 572 63.67 967 961 301 Pilbara 5 333 989 61.56 137 884 526 West Kimberley 2 173 396 63.92 52 765 361 West Pilbara 64 233 859 61.05 1 625 234452 105 267 816 2 783 845 640 TOTAL IRON ORE 111 065 386 2 941 509 587 (a) (!) 09/- 891. 06# NOl±OflOOkld qgMOIN qV.LO_L 868 CJ81. 8 0t~ CJ 9L~ 898 1. 88’9 8 t8 ~ uos!qoJn~ ],se3 Ltt L9Z I. 88"9 ~68 ~ e!pJe61ooo 3NO 73MOIN

~#6 #9# 88"E~ 1.~ eJeql!d lse/v~ 311V~73MOIN

CJ~# 89CJ 98# 8~£ CJL# L88 6L6 ~ CJ8"8 tO# 8 le~eB~e~l llAI 9L~ 089 60~ 1.LO 1.1.~ uos!qmn~ lse3 980 L81. 8# 88" 1. I. 6£1. 68 e!p~e61ooo lse3 9~ 9~8 08~ ~L’O[ L68 1.~ e!pJe61ooo S3/VkLLN3ONO0 73>1OIN % IN (q) (e)~£ 808 8~ £66"S89 6~8 ~8 86#’0 £ [~ 9LL 8~ L6#’889 .LONGO~Id-A8 .L7VSO0 seuuoL oO ,kI:IJ.SNONI 73>I01N

(e) ~86 CJCJ8 tZ #6"cj# 808 CJ68 gJeql!d 3NO 3S3NV~NV~ %u~

(p) #99 ~lzt ~1. 61-CJ 8CJ0 ~ 3NOIS3~I7-ONVS31~I7 7VIO.L 08~ ~ 9## eJeql!d ;se/v~ ~L# 6L9 #81. 1.8 uo1.JnqJe/V\ ~#8 1.9# 1. t 609 1./-6 t ;seAA q;nos 3NOJ.S=I~I7 - ONVSBIAII7 =1111/~O7OO 311~O7OO-=1NO1331/~17 " GNVS=I~I7

tel=l ($) enleA ),ue]uoo seuuo] Ple!4-1eJeu!~ leJeU!l/~ O!llelel/~ /q!lueno (luoo) t’cj a’leVl TABLE 5.1 (cont) Quantity Metallic Mineral Mineral-Field tonnes Content Value ($) Ref

PETROLEUM Basin CRUDE OIL Canning 19 227 2 690 616 Carnarvon 5 380 728 934 210 543 Perth 32 541 4 321 481 5 432 496 941 222 640 (a)

Basin MMBtu LIQUIFIED NATURAL GAS Carnarvon 219 701 000 846 338 551 (a) Basin ’000 m3 NATURAL GAS Carnarvon 3 591 586 328 145 931 (d) Perth 177 262 21111495 (j) 3 768 848 349 257 426 TOTAL PETROLEUM PRODUCTS 2 475 800 362

SALT Gascoyne 1 953 668 43 149 280 (a) Pilbara 2 319 823 48 739 998 (a) South West 308 24 640 (e) West Pilbara 2 568 227 57 767 275 (a) Yilgarn 85 172 3 460 301 (a) , 6 927 198 153 141 494

SILICA - SILICA SAND SILICA South West 74 171 749 846 (a) SILICA SAND Coolgardie 85 133 208 575 (a) South West 495 334 5 280 693 (a) (e) TOTAL SILICA - SILICA SAND 654 638 6 239 114

Ag kg SILVER: BY-PRODUCT Coolgardie 197.801 34 115 (a) (b) Peak Hill 1 369.442 176 830 (a) (k) Pilbara 207.916 27 379 (a) (I) South West 975.334 139 952 (a) (I) State-Wide 28 018.078 4 262 551 Yalgoo 11 928.138 1 899 914 (a) (I) 42 696.709 6 540 741

TALC Peak Hill 12 690 888 300 South West .156 201 10 934 070 168 891 11 822 370 (e) 690 ~6 689 ~ 0700 =IO 3r17VA ~98 008 cJl~ ~ ~737OEI.L=Icl -IO =II77VA ~69 96~ ~88 9 $7VEI3NI~ :IO 3177VA

(e) 8P6 6£ 9~ ~e^!EI Sd!ll!qd Bll717OIIAIEI3A

(e) 6L~ 98~ ~ 000"~8~ 8L~ seqsnquee~E) P~7 seqsnquee~o seuuoj, us NIl (~) /99 ~J00 S~ 008 8~ 8Z8 098 06~ 8 b6~ 8L 09~ Z08 ~ ~ Z 9 ~ 909 08 ~ ~ ~L seqsnquee~9 Bl17VINVI

(e) L88 868 8 0~8 ~ 9~ ~b seqsnquee~o BNB~DOO~S seuuoj. O~!7 ~DIHII7 - ~7VINVI - NIl

~eB ($) enl~A },ueluoo seuuo), Ple!:l-leJeu!~ I~eu!l~ O!ll~]e[~ ~},!|u~nc) (~,uoo) 1.’6 ~78Vl TABLE 6.1 ROYALTY RECEIPTS 1990-91, 1991-92

1990-91 1991-92 Value SA %up Mineral SA SA Variance (%down)

BARYTES 50 330.15 0.00 (50 330.15) (100) BASE METALS Copper 1 490 425.64 697 081.32 (793 344.32) (53) Lead 334 491.55 255 500.19 (78 991.36) (24) Zinc 3 307 359.63 5 020 467.96 1 713 108.33 52 TOTAL BASE METALS 5 132 276.82 5 973 049.47 840 772.65 16 BAUXITE-ALUMINA Alumina 33 777 840.23 29 315 958.26 (4 461 881.97) (13) CLAYS 380 489.93 269 193.35 (111 296.58) (29) COAL 5 236 321.85 8 560 139.80 3 323 817.95 63 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Aggregate 23 274.30 11 238.80 (12 035.50) (52) Gravel 9 741.60 34 080.42 24 338.82 250 Rock 19 251.12 40 737.09 21 485.97 112 Sand 156 610.73 329 922.91 173 312.18 111 Sandstone 0.00 58.00 58,00 n.ap. TOTAL CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 208 877.75 416 037.22 207 159.47 99 DIAMOND 27 289 552.17 30 985 305.96 3 695 753.79 14 DIMENSION STONE 1 381.15 21 949.43 20 568.28 1 489 GEM SEMI-PRECIOUS & ORNAMENTAL STONE 1 103.73 21 360.03 20 256.30 1 835 GOLD 291 690.92 204 375.08 (87 315.84) (30) GYPSUM 26 911.03 30 657.62 3 746.59 14 HEAVY MINERAL SANDS Garnet 102 079.57 157 601.51 55 521,94 54 Ilmenite 4 370 511.40 4 736 252.73 365 741,33 8 Leucoxene 555 141.31 226 390.50 (328 750.81) (59) Monazite 302 211.02 138 056.77 (164 154.25) (54) Rutile 3 140 086.21 1 295 023.91 (1 845 062.30) (59) Zircon 5 366 172.39 3 788 578.53 (1 577 593.86) (29) TOTAL HEAVY MINERAL SANDS 13 836 201.90 10 341 903.95 (3 494 297.95) (25) INDUSTRIAL PEGMATITE MINERALS Felspar 67 753.29 20 826.50 (46 926.79) (69) Mica 6 318,09 324.00 (5 994.09) (95) TOTAL INDUSTRIAL PEGMATITE MINERALS 74 071.38 21 150.50 (52 920.88) (71) 9 88" 1- I-6 89# 0~ ~;9"1~09 088 ~8 £L’~69 1-1.# #38 S:II.LAqVAOi9 "]VIOl

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IRON ORE 59%

HM8 3% NICKEL OTHER 3% ALUMINA PETROLEUM 17% DIAMONDS 8%

1991-92 ROYALTY RECEIPTS TOTAL : $344.9 MILLION

IRON ORE 44%

HMS 3% PETROLEUM NICKEL 3% 25% OTHER 7%

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MINERAL/Company LOCATION 1990-91 1991-92

BASE METALS BHP Minerals Ltd Cadjebut 162 140 Murchison Zinc Co. Pty Ltd Golden Grove 277 345 TOTAL BASE METALS 439 485

BAUXITE - ALUMINA Alcoa of Australia Ltd Del Park-Huntley/Pinjarra 2 220 1 885 Jarrahdale/Kwinana 1 748 1 632 WagerupiWillow Dale 911 585 Australian Fused Materials Pty Ltd East Rockingham 25 Worsley Alumina Pty Ltd Boddington/Worsley 1 198 1 057 TOTAL BAUXITE - ALUMINA 6 077 5 184

COAL Griffin Coal Mining Co. Ltd Collie 551 479 Western Collieries Ltd Collie 734 673 TOTAL COAL 1 285 1 152

DIAMOND Argyle Diamond Mines Pty Ltd Lake Argyle 694 887 Poseidon Ltd Bow River 102 106 TOTAL DIAMOND 796 993

GOLD Arimco NL Gidgee 140 132 Mt McLure 108 Asarco Australia Ltd Wiluna 151 194 Ashton Gold Cork Tree Well 149 115 Australian Mine Management Pry Ltd Mt Pleasant 106 107 Racetrack/Royal Standard 36 Aztec Mining Co Ltd Bounty 143 191 Big Bell Mines Pty Ltd Big Bell 208 194 Broken Hill Metals NL Hopes Hill 95 104 Central Norseman Gold Corp. NL Central Norseman 197 207 Coolgardie Gold NL Greenfield 123 120 Dominion Mining Ltd Bannockburn 112 Labourchere/Nathans 80 89 Meekatharra 260 243 Mt Morgans 174 190 Tower Hill 89 Eastmet Ltd Youanmi 113 84 Rq uop!esoa p;q suo!;e~edo oluo;nld

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~6-1.66 I. 1.6-0661. NOI.I.V’OO’I ~uedtuooFIVl~a NI~ (|uoo) ~’Z a’lSVl TABLE 7.1 (cont) MINERAL/Company LOCATION 1990-91 1991-92

IRON ORE BHP Iron Ore (Goldsworthy) Ltd Pilbara/Port Hedland 1 001 739 BHP Iron Ore Ltd Newman/Port Hedland 3 521 3 487 Yandicoogina 230 81 BHP Minerals Ltd Yampi 341 269 Hamersley Iron Pry Ltd Tom Price - Paraburdoo/Dampier/Channar 3 206 3 295 Portman Mining Ltd Ferro Gully 47 52 Robe River Mining Co. Pty Ltd PannawonicaJCape Lambert 897 769 TOTAL IRON ORE 9 243 8 692

NICKEL Agip Australia Pty Ltd Radio Hill 153 Outokumpu Australia Ltd Forrestania 71 Western Mining Corporation Ltd Kalgoorlie 381 387 Blair/Kambalda 1 617 1 363 Kwinana Refinery 299 343 Leinster 538 751 Mt Windarra 249 139 All Other Operators 13 10 TOTAL NICKEL 3 250 2 922

PETROLEUM PRODUCTS Hadson Energy Pry Ltd HarrietJRosette 130 130 West Australian Petroleum Pry Ltd Dongara 8 9 North West Area 229 223 Western Mining Corporation Ltd North Herald/South Pepper/Chervil 108 110 Woodside Offshore Petroleum Pty Ltd North Rankin A/Burrup Peninsula 1 550 1661 All Other Operators 23 21 TOTAL PETROLEUM PRODUCTS 2 048 2 154

SALT Dampier Salt Ltd Dampier 183 167 Lake MacLeod 120 115 Leslie Salt Co. Port Hedland 121 129 Shark Bay Salt JV Useless Loop 79 71 Other 5 6 TOTAL SALT 503 488

ALL OTHER MATERIALS (including Rock Quarries) 945 930

TOTAL 36 830 34 840

SOURCE: AXTAT REPORTING SYSTEM, MINING ENGINEERING DIVISION) 8.1 PRINCIPAL MINERAL & PETROLEUM PRODUCERS 1991-92, address, telephone number: minesite.

BASE METALS Copper Murchison Zinc Co. Pty Ltd, c/_ Normandy Poseidon Ltd, 8 Kings Park Rd, West Perth 6005, (09) 480 3232: Golden Grove. Newcrest Mining Ltd, 600 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne 3004, (03) 522 5333: New Celebration, Telfer. Western Mining Corp. Ltd, 191 Great Eastern Hwy, Belmont 6104, (09) 479 0711: Kambalda.

Lead - Zinc BHP Minerals Ltd, 44 Hamersley St, Broome 6725, (091) 92 2006: Cadjebut. Murchison Zinc Co. Pty Ltd, % Normandy Poseidon Ltd, 8 Kings Park Rd, West Perth, 6005, (09) 480 3232: Golden Grove

BAUXITE - ALUMINA Alumina Alcoa of Australia (WA) Ltd, PO Box 252, Applecross 6153, (09) 316 5111" Del Park, Jarrahdale, Willowdale. Worsley Alumina Pty Ltd, PO Box 344, Collie 6225, (097) 34 8311" Boddington.

CLAY Attapulgite Mallina Holdings Ltd, 249 Stirling Hwy, Claremont 6010, (09) 384 7077: Lake Nerramyne.

Cement Clay Boral Resources Ltd, 136 Great Eastern Hwy, South Guildford 6055, (09) 279 0000: Armadale.

Kaolin Greenbushes Ltd, 16 Parliament PI, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 1988: Greenbushes.

White Clay Pilsley Investments Pty Ltd, Military Rd, Midland 6056, (09) 250 2111" Middle Swan

COAL Griffin Coal Mining Co. Ltd, 28 The Esplanade, Perth 6000, (09) 325 8155: Collie Western Colleries Ltd, 40 The Esplanade, Perth 6000, (09) 327 4511 : Collie.

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Aggregate The Readymix Group (WA), 75 Canning Hwy, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 472 2000: Boodarrie, Boulder, Oscar Range. 8.1 PRINCIPAL MINERAL & PETROLEUM PRODUCERS 1991-92, address, telephone number: minesite.

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS (cont) Gravel Leslie Salt Company (Inc), 225 St Georges Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 321 1668: Port Hedland. Vinci and Sons Pty Ltd, Lot 3 Picketing Brook Rd, Picketing Brook 6076, (09) 293 8295: Picketing Brook.

Rock County B.S., C/_ Specified Services, 123 Burswood Rd, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 362 1100: Yeeda Station. Specified Services Pry Ltd, 123 Burswood Rd, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 362 1100: Learmonth, Mt Regal.

Sand Amatek Ltd, 1 Newburn Rd, Kewdale 6104, (09) 353 3030: Gnangarra, Jandakot. B & J Catalano Pty Ltd, Southwest Hwy, Brunswick Junction 6224, (097) 26 1247: Wellington. Quinton Pry Ltd, Lot 117 Cnr Great Eastern Hwy Coolgardie Rd, Kalgoorlie 6430, (090) 213 961: Coolgardie. The Readymix Group (WA), 75 Canning Hwy, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 472 2000: Boodarrie Station, Christmas Creek, Comet Vale, Karratha, Newman, Rocklea, Sullivan’s Creek, Turner River, Warrawanda Creek, Widgiemooltha. Tuma Holdings Pty Ltd, 42 Noel Rd, Gooseberry Hill 6076, (09) 293 3948: Chidlow.

DIAMOND Argyle Diamond Mines, 2 Kings Park Rd, West Perth 6005, (09) 482 1188: Argyle. Poseidon Bow River Diamond Mines Ltd, 100 Hutt St, Adelaide, S.A., (08) 236 1700: Bow River.

DIMENSION STONE Black Granite City West Holdings Ltd, C/- 102 Railway Pde, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 5760: Lennard. De Biasi D, P.O Box 351, Broome 6725, (091) 935 562: Lennard. Fraser Range Granite NL, 164 Burswood Rd, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 4704487: Mt Malcom.

Quartz rock Commercial Minerals Ltd, 26 Tomlinson Rd, Welshpool 6106, (09) 362 1411" Mukinbudin.

Spongolite Woodbridge Investments Pty Ltd, PO Box 591, South Perth 6151" Mt Barker

GEM, SEMI-PRECIOUS & ORNAMENTAL STONE Amethyst Soklich F, Lot 326 Dale PI, Orange Grove 6109, (09) 459 1449: Gascoyne.

Chrysoprase Aplo Pty Ltd, 132 Broome St, Cottesloe 6011, (09) 383 2551 : Marshall Creek. WA Gem Explorers, 326 Hay St, Perth 6000, (09) 325 4988: Boyce Creek. 8.1 PRINCIPAL MINERAL & PETROLEUM PRODUCERS 1991-92, address, telephone number: minesite.

GOLD Arimco NL, 20 Berry St, North Sydney NSW 2060 (02) 955 1722: Gidgee. Asarco Australia Ltd, 15 Altona St West Perth 6005, (09) 481 2050: Wiluna. Ashton Mining Ltd, 441 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne Vic 3004, (03) 867 5500: Bardoc - Davyhurst, Harbour Lights; Laverton. Aztec Mining Company Ltd, 99 Shepperton Rd, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 470 1444: Bounty. Bellevue Project, c/_ Forsayth NL, 221 St Georges Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 322 7211" Bellevue: Big Bell Mines Ltd, PO Box 2135, Geraldton 6530, (099) 63 1144: Big Bell. Broken Hill Metals Ltd, 28 The Esplanade, Perth 6000, (09) 324 1370: Hopes Hili-C0rinthian. Burmine Ltd, Copperhead Mine, Bullfinch 6484, (090) 49 5066: Copperhead. Centaur Mining and Exploration Ltd, 47 Collins St, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 5870: Davyhurst Lady Bountiful Extended. Central Kalgoorlie Gold Mines NL, 49 Stirling Hwy, Nedlands 6009, (09) 381 1311" Bullabulling. Central Norseman Gold Corp. NL, PO Box 56, Norseman 6443, (090) 39 1101: Central Norseman. Consolidated Exploration Ltd, 47 Colin St, West Perth 6005,(09) 481 5870: Davyhurst, Lady Bountiful. Coolgardie Gold NL, 56b Bayley St, Coolgardie 6429, (090) 26 6132: Bayley’s Reward. Dominion Mining Ltd, 10 Richardson St, West Perth 6005, (09) 426 6400: Bannockburn, Gabanintha, Labouchere, Meekatharra, Mt Morgans, Redcastle, Tower Hill. Eltin Minerals Pty Ltd, PMB 31, Kalgoorlie 6430, (090) 21 4844: Norris. Eon Metals NL, c/. Jeffrey Herbert (Official Receiver & Manager) Arthur Anderson, 225 St Georges Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 483 2222: Matilda Forsayth Pty Ltd, 221 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 322 7211" Cox’s, Lawlers, McCafferys. Golden Kilometre Mines JV, 4/100 Hay St, Subiaco 6008, (09) 382 3300: Mt Pleasant, Lady Bountiful South, Racetrack/Royal Standard. Golden Valley Mines NL, 174 Hampden Rd, Nedlands 6009, (09) 389 1999: Frasers. Hampton Australia Ltd, c/_ Poseidon Gold Ltd, 8 Kings Park Rd, West Perth 6005, (09) 480 3232: Jubilee. Hannans Gold Ltd, 49 Stirling Hwy, Nedlands 6009, (09) 389 1311: Comet - Pinnacles. Hedges Gold Pty Ltd, Cnr Davy and Marmion Sts, Booragoon 6153, (09) 364 0111: Hedges. Herald Resources Ltd, 45 Richardson St, West Perth 6005, (09) 322 2788: Sandstone, Tindals, Three Mile Hill. Hill 50 Gold Mine NL, PO Box 83, Mt Magnet 6638, (09) 63 4104: Mt Magnet. Homestake Gold of Australia Ltd, 191 Fullarton Rd, Dulwich SA 5065, (08) 332 7811: Fortnum.. Kalgoorlie Consolidated Gold Mines Pty Ltd, Fimiston, Kalgoorlie 6430, (090) 22 1100: Super Pit, Fimiston, Mt Charlotte, Mt Percy. Kitchener Mining NL, Suite 21, Piccadilly Sq, cnr Short St & Nash St, Perth 6000, (09) 325 4997: Bamboo Creek. Leader ResourcesNL, 3/18 Kearns Cr, Applecross 6153, (09) 364 9222: Double A-Goanna Patch. Metana Minerals, 191 Great Eastern Hwy, Belmont 6104, (09) 277 9944: Kurara, Penny West. Reedy, Youanmi. Mt Edon Gold Mines (Aust) NL, 30 Ledgar Rd, Balcatta 6021, (09) 345 1588: Tarmoola. Mt Gibson Management Pry Ltd, 28 The Esplanade, Perth 6000, (09) 322 2313: Mt Gibson. 8.1 PRINCIPAL MINERAL & PETROLEUM PRODUCERS 1991-92, address, telephone number: minesite.

GOLD (cont) Newcrest Mining Ltd, 600 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne 3004, (03) 522 5333: New Celebration, Orban JV, Ora Banda - Gimlet South, Telfer, Tuckabianna. North Broken Hill - Peko Ltd, 476 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne Vic 3004, (03) 829 0000: Kanowna, Peak Hill. Orion Resources NL, 42 Ardross St, Applecross 6153, (09) 364 8355: Yilgarn Star. Pancontinental Gold (Operations) Pry Ltd, PO Box 1161, Kalgoorlie 6430, (090) 24 2000: Kundana, Paddington,. Placer (Granny Smith) Pty Ltd, PO Box 33, Laverton WA 6440, (090) 31 3111: Granny Smith. Plutonic Resources Ltd, PMB 46 Meekatharra 6642, (09) 370 8201: Plutonic. Poseidon Gold Ltd, 8 Kings Park Rd, West Perth 6005, (09) 480 3232: Golden Crown, Kaltails, Karonie. Ramsgate Resources Ltd, 229 Stirling Highway, Claremont 6010, (09) 383 4321: Mt Monger. Reynolds Yilgarn Gold Oprerations Ltd, 28 The Esplanade, Perth 6000, (09) 322 2313: Edwards Find, Marvel Loch, Transvaal. St Barbara Mines Ltd, Gt Northern Highway, Meekatharra 6642, (099) 81 8111 : South Junction. Samantha Gold NL, 28 The Esplanade, Perth 6000, (09) 481 5288: Higginsville. Sons of Gwalia NL, 16 Parliament PI, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 1988: Barnicoat, Sons of Gwalia. Southern Goldfields Ltd, 35 Outram St, West Perth 6005, (09) 321 5115: Burbidge, Nevoria. Sundowner Minerals NL, 221 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 322 7211 : Darlot. Western Mining Corp. Ltd, 191 Great Eastern Hwy, Belmont 6104, (09) 479 0711 : Emu, Kambalda, Lancefield. Worsley Alumina Pry Ltd, PO Box 48, Boddington 6390, (098) 83 8260: Boddington.

GYPSUM H.B. Brady & Co. Pty Ltd, PO Box 42, Bayswater 6053, (09) 279 4422: Lake Brown. Swan Portland Cement Ltd, Burswood Rd, Rivervale 6103, (09) 361 8822: Lake Hillman. Westdeen Holdings Pty Ltd, 7 Armstromg Rd, Applecross 6153, (09) 364 4951: Wyalkatchem

HEAVY MINERAL SANDS Garnet Sand Target Minerals NL, PO Box 188, Geraldton 6530, (099) 23 3644: Port Gregory.

Ilmenite, Rutile, Zircon, Leucoxene & Monazite RGC Mineral Sands, 45 Stifling Hwy, Nedlands 6009, (09) 389 1222: Capel, Eneabba North, Eneabba South Cable Sands (WA) Pry Ltd, PO Box 133, Bunbury 6230, (097) 21 4111: Capel. ISK Minerals Pty Ltd, PO Picton 6229, (097) 25 4899: Waroona. TiWest Pty Ltd, 1 Brodie Hall Dye, Bentley 6102, (09) 365 1390: Cooljarloo. Westralian Sands Ltd, PO Box 96, Capel 6271, (097) 27 2002: Yoganup.

INDUSTRIAL PEGMATITE MINERALS Felspar Commercial Minerals Ltd, 26 Tomlinson Rd, Welshpool 6106, (09) 362 1411" Mukinbudin, Pippingarra. 8.1 PRINCIPAL MINERAL & PETROLEUM PRODUCERS 1991-92, address, telephone number: minesite.

INDUSTRIAL PEGMATITE MINERALS (cont) Mica Commercial Minerals Ltd, 26 Tomlinson Rd, Welshpool 6106, (09) 362 1411: Pippingarra.

IRON ORE BHP Iron Ore (Goldsworthy) Ltd, 200 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 320 4444: Shay Gap. BHP Iron Ore Ltd, 200 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 320 4444: McCameys, Newman, Yandi. BHP Minerals Ltd, P.O Koolan Island 6733, (091) 910 575: Koolan Island. Channar Mining Pty Ltd, 191 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 327 2327: Channar. Hamersley Iron Pty Ltd, 191 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 327 2327: Tom Price, Paraburdoo, Brockman. Robe River Iron Associates, 12 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 421 4747: Pannawonica.

LIMESAND - LIMESTONE Cockburn Cement Ltd, Russell Rd, South Coogee 6166, (09) 410 1988: Cockburn Sound, Coogee. Success Restaurant Pty Ltd, 18 Harvest Terrace, West Perth 6005,: Moore River. Limestone Building Blocks Co. Pty Ltd, 41 Spearwood Ave, Bibra Lake 6163, (09) 418 4440: Nowerup. Swan Portland Cement Ltd, Burswood Rd, Rivervale 6103, (09) 361 8822: Wanneroo. Westdeen Holdings Pry Ltd, 7 Armstromg Rd, Applecross 6153, (09) 364 4951: Dandaragan, Gingin, Irwin, Yanchep.

MANGANESE ORE Portman Mining Ltd, Level 13, 256 Adelaide Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 268 3333: Woodie Woodie.

NICKEL Western Mining Corp. Ltd, 191 Great Eastern Hwy, Belmont 6104, (09) 478 0711" Blair, Carnilya Hill, Kambalda, Leinster.

PEAT Peat Resources of Australia Pty Ltd, P.O Box 203, Bentley 6102, (09) 453 3388: Manjimup.

PETROLEUM Arrow Petroleum Ltd, 99 Shepparton Rd, Victoria Park 6010, (09) 470 0400: Mt Horner Consolidated Gas Pry Ltd, 174 Hamden Rd, Nedlands 6009, (09) 389 8344: Woodada. Doral Resources, 31 Ventnor Ave, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 5866: Tubridgi. Hadson Energy Ltd, 35 Ventnor Ave, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 8555: Harriet Marathon Petroleum Aust. Ltd, 239 Adelaide Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 325 1988: Talisman. Petroleum Securities Energy Ltd, c~_ Ozco Pry Ltd, 15 Whelk Place, Mullaloo 6025, (09) 307 1345: Blina, Lloyd, Sundown/West Terrace. Sagasco Holdings Ltd, 60 Hindmarsh Sq, Adelaide SA 5000, (08) 235 3700: Beharra Springs. 8.1 PRINCIPAL MINERAL & PETROLEUM PRODUCERS 1991-92, address, telephone number: minesite.

PETROLEUM (cont) West Aust. Petroleum Pty Ltd (WAPET), QV1,250 St Georges Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 263 6000: Barrow Island, Dongara, Saladin. Western Mining Corp. Ltd, 28 Ventnor Ave, West Perth 6005, (09) 482 2444: Airlie Island. Woodside Offshore Pet. Pry Ltd, 1 Adelaide Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 224 4111: North Rankin.

SALT Dampier Salt (Operations) Pty Ltd, 177A St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 327 2299: Dampier, Lake Macleod. Leslie Salt Company (Inc), 225 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 325 4888: Port Hedland. Shark Bay Salt Joint Venture, 22 Mount St, Perth 6000, (09) 322 4811: Useless Loop. WA Salt Koolyanobbing Pty Ltd, Cockburn Rd, Hamilton Hill 6163, (09) 430 5495: Lake Deborah East.

SILICA - SILICA SAND Silica Simoca Operations Pty Ltd, P.O Box 1389, Bunbury 6230, (097) 912 588: Dalaroo.

Silica Sand ACI Operations Pry Ltd, 35 Baille Rd, Canning Vale 6155, (09) 455 1111: Lake Gnangara. Amatek Ltd, 1 Newburn Rd, Kewdale 6104, (09) 353 3030: Jandakot, Gnangara. Boral Resources WA Ltd, 136-138 Gt Eastern Hwy, South Guildford 6055, (09) 279 0000: Jandakot. The Readymix Group (WA), 75 Canning Hwy, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 472 2000: Jandakot. Western Mining Corp. Ltd, 191 Great Eastern Hwy, Belmont 6104, (09) 478 0711: Mt Burgess.

TALC Western Mining Corp. Ltd, PO Box 116, Three Springs 6519, (099) 54 5047: Three Springs.

TIN - TANTALUM - LITHIUM Spodumene Lithium Australia Ltd, 16 Parliament PI, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 1988: Greenbushes.

Tantalite - Tin Goldrim Mining Australia Ltd, 317 Hunter St, Newcastle NSW 2300, (049) 29 2433: Wodgina. Greenbushes Ltd, 16 Parliament Place, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 1988: Greenbushes. Pan West Tantalum Pty Ltd, Gateway, 1 Macquarie Place, Sydney NSW 2000, (02) 256 2000: Wodgina.

VERMICULITE Vermiculite Industries Pty Ltd, 15 Spencer St, Jandakot 6164, (09) 417 9900: Young River.