31700 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1973 Clark amendment No. 519, dealing with be reduced. The leadership on both sides which was sent to the Senate on Septem­ funds for aircraft carrier, on which there will do our best to have that done. ber 20, 1973. is a 4-hour limitation. Following the disposition of the Clark CONFIRMATIONS amendment, the Senate will take up the ADJOURNMENT TO 9 A.M. Humphrey amendment, which has to do Executive nominations confirmed by Mr. with an overall cut, on which there is a Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. President, the Senate September 26, 1973: if there be no further business to come DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE time limitation of 2 hours. before the Senate, I move, in accordance Mr. President, that is about as far as I William W. Blunt, Jr., of the District of can state the program into Friday. with the previous order, that the Senate Columbia, to be an Assistant Secretary of The PRESIDING OFFICER. May the stand in adjournment until the hour of Commerce. Chair inquire as to whether or not there 9 a.m. tomorrow. UNITED NATIONS is any time limiation on the pay pro­ The motion was agreed to; and, at Clarence Clyde Ferguson, Jr., of New Jer­ posal? 7: 39 p.m., the Senate adjourned until sey, to be the Representative of the United Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Yes. I am glad tomorrow, Thursday, September 27, 1973, States of America on the Economic and So­ at 9 a.m. cial Council of the United Nations, with the the Chair called that oversight to my r ank of Ambassador. attention. W. Tapley Bennett, Jr., of Georgia., a For­ There is a time limitation on Senate NOMINATIONS eign Service Officer of the class of Career Resolution 171. Under the law there is Minister, to be the Deputy Representative of Executive nominations received by the a time limitation of not to exceed 2 hours the United States of America to the United Senate September 26, 1973: on that resolution. No motion to recom­ Nations, with the rank and status of Am­ RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary. mit would be in order. No motion to William E. Schaufele, Jr., of Ohio, a For­ amend would be in order and no motion Wythe D. Quarles, Jr., of Virginia, ro be a member of the Railroad Retirement Board eign Service Officer of class 1, to be Deputy to reconsider following a vote on the for the term of 5 years from August 29, 1973 Representative of the United States of Amer­ resolution would be in order. So, at the (reappointment). ica in the Security Council of the United Na­ tions, with the rank of Ambassador. most, it would be 2 hours. A motion to DEPARTMENT OF STATE Barbara M. White, of Massachusetts, a For­ reduce that time would not be debatable, Henry A. Byroade, of Indiana, a Foreign eign Service Information Officer of the class and such a motion would be in order and Service Officer of the class of Career Minister, of Career Minister for Information, to be the the time could thereby be reduced. to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni­ Alternate Representative of the United potentiary of the United States of America States of America for Special Political Af­ Mr. TOWER. :Mr. President, will the to Pakistan. Senator yield? fairs in the United Nations, with the rank of OZARKS REGIONAL COMMISSION Ambassador. Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. I yield. Bill H. Fribley, of Kansas, to be Federal DEPARTMENT OF STATE Mr. TOWER. I think the time on the Cochairman of the Ozarks Regional Commis­ Kingdon Gould, Jr., of Maryland, to be Am­ Clark amendment for funding for air­ sion, vice E. L. Stewart, Jr., resigned. bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary craft carriers could be reduced. I would of the United States of America to the King­ have to confer with the Senator from dom of the Netherlands. Iowa, but we will probably not require 4 WITHDRAWAL William R. Kintner, of Pennsylvania, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipoten­ hours. Executive nomination withdrawn from tiary of the United States of America to Thai­ Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. I thank the the Senate September 26, 1973: land. (The above nominations were approved Senator. I hope that will be the case, and OZARKS REGIONAL COMMISSION I think it certainly is possible. subject to the nominees' commitment to re­ William Hinton Fribley, of Kansas, to be spond to requests to appear and testify be­ I would hope, also, that time on some Federal Cochairman of the Ozarks Regional fore any duly constituted committee of the of the amendments on tomorrow could Commission, vice E. L. Stewart, Jr., resigned, Senate.)

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

U.S. SOVEREIGNTY IN THE PANAMA U.S. CONTROL OF PANAMA CANAL IMPORTANT Panama Canal. As part of this treaty we paid CANAL ZONE TO NATIONAL SECURITY Panama an initial sum of $10 million; we Recent Washington reports indicate that indemnified neighboring Colombia to the the administration may be willing to go tune of $25 million .and agreed to pay Pan­ HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. along with demands that the United States ama a substantial rent which figure has been OF VffiGINIA surrender control of the Panama Canal. The increased several times. IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES United Nations favors this, in support of the Total cost to the United States for 647 Republic of Panama. square miles of the Canal Zone far exceeds Wednesday, September 26, 1973 Some weeks ago our U.S. Ambassador to that of many other territorial acquisitions the U.N., John Scali, told a meeting of the including the Louisiana Purchase-that vast Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. Mr. Presi­ Security Coun cil that our own State Depart­ area stretching from the Mississippi River to dent, the September 5 edition of the ment supports the Panamanian govern­ the Rocky Mountains, and from the Gulf of Jackson, Miss., Clarion-Ledger included ment's demands for an end to the 1903 Mexico to Canada-and such notable addi­ an excellent editorial concerning the is­ treaty by which we were granted the Panama tions as Alaska and Florida. Congress and the sue of U.S. sovereignty in the Panama Canal Zone in perpetuity. American public was told in 1967 that there Canal Zone. Fortunately, however, a majority in Con­ would be a series of anti-American riots in It is my feeling that there can be no gress has taken a dim view of such a giveaway Panama unless we did not give Panama what compromise of the basic principle of contrary to our national interest. Past ef­ it wanted. We are being told the same thing forts to appease Panama have been defeated now, but it is vitally important that we sovereignty. The editorial sets forth a but now, in 1973, the same political black­ maintain a position of strength in Latin number of important reasons for main­ mail is being attempted again-this time America-and the pivotal point in our de­ taining control by the United States in aided and abetted by the U.N. fense arrangement is the Panama Canal and the Canal Zone. There can be no compromise on the basic the Canal Zone. I ask unanimous consent that the text issue: Will we voluntarily forfeit sovereignty New treaties negotiated within the UN of the editorial, "U.S. Control of Panama over the Canal-sovereignty recognized as framework as proposed would compromise part of international law for 70 years? American Interests and weaken our defense Canal Important to National Security," Senator Harry F. Byrd, Virginia Demo­ posture in the Western Hemisphere. Could be included in the Extensions of Re­ crat, has spotlighted some basic aspects of anyone seriously contend that Panama with marks. this controversy in a recent Senate address a population of only 1,500,000--about a mil­ There being no objection, the editorial worth repeating here and now: lion less than Mississippi's population­ was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, The United States, by treaty in 1903, ob­ could defend the Canal Zone by itself? Could as follows: tained the right to hold in perpetuity the the uninterrupted movement of commercial September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31701 or military ships be guaranteed under any way they can keep in touch with their home RESTORATION OF FISCAL Panamanian regime of the moment? town. RESPONSIBILITY What assurance is there against some But it's the local and county service that Castro-type government grabbing control of we appreciate the most. Pana.ma.? That tiny Republic has been no­ So, to put it on the record, we'd like to toriously susceptible to political upheaval, note that the postal service is a real service HON. HERMAN E. TALMADGE with 44 Presidents having come and gone in to us-and to you, the reader, and we felt OF GEORGIA we should say so clearly. 70 years. It was just a few years ago that the IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATE~ President of Panama was assassinated; his Getting your paper ready for mailing in­ First Vice President then assumed office but volves quite a few steps. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 was soon removed for having been involved First, as soon as our first press run is off in the assassination. The Second Vice Presi­ the press (usually this is the sports section), Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, I dent then took over, and he was thrown out we begin to address the papers. have received a number of letters from the next year. Other sections (such as society and gen­ 9th- and 10th-grade students at West­ The Administration should ignore new eral news) follow and are "stuffed" into the wood High School in Atlanta, Ga., that threats by Panamanian politicians-some section bearing your address. were written as part of their study in Communist-affiliat ed-just as it should ig­ The reason we do this is that we print economics. The letters were sent to me nore hypocritical howling from the United sections of eight pages at a time, our press capacity, and we address the first section by their teacher, Miss Gail Byrd, who is Nations. Congress, backed by public opinion, certainly to be commended for her good should resist any change in our present printed so we can meet deadlines promptly. treaty, if such change could have an effect Thus our sports section in today's paper, work in the classroom. of giving up permanent U.S. control of the for example, was printed late Wednesday In their letters, these students express Panama Canal. morning, and we immediately began ad­ deep concern about the need to restore dressing it. We have an address plate for fiscal responsibility in the operation of each subscriber but it takes several hours to our Government. In my judgment, they complete the job of addressing even when reflect feelings of an overwhelming ma­ we use three machines to do it. jority of the American people who are POSTAL SERVICE LIVES UP TO (Copies for sale on newsstands, of course, are put together with the main news section tired of seeing inflation rob working peo­ NAME on the outside, and delivered or mailed in ple of their earnings, the elderly of their bundles to stores.) savings, and consumers of their buying Next, we print the section entitled Some­ power. HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER thing for the Girls. This came off the press As a matter of fact, I am receiving a OF WISCONSIN shortly after noon today. Finally, the main large number of communications daily news section, which you are now reading, expressing deep concern about the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES goes to press in the middle of Wednesday Wednesday, September 26, 1973 afternoon. present deplorable state of the American As the papers are addressed, they are as­ economy. I was particularly impressed Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin. Mr. by these letters from young people be­ Speaker, the U.S. Postal Service has sembled in piles by mail route, city zip code, etc. cause they deal with a problem of vital come in for much criticism, some justi­ Papers for delivery in the city of Plymouth importance to all our people. fied, some not. Postmaster General Klas­ are arranged in the precise order which the I bring these letters to the attention sen's announcement of proposed new mailman follows on his route. This elimi­ of the Senate and ask unanimous con­ rate boosts will, in all likelihood, cause nates the necessity of his having to sort them sent that they be printed in the Exten­ further clamor over the caliber of the all over again. sions of Remarks. job being done by the Postal Service. Papers _for rural delivery or for other vil­ There being no objection, the lett~rs But his intention qf increasing the lages and cities are bundled, labeled and put were ordered to be printed in the REconn, efficiency of mail delivery must be into mailbags containing a slip bearing the as follows: cheered by all of us. For all its faults, destination. WESTWOOD HIGH SCHOOL, the Postal Service has done a better job Thus we have bags for Cascade, Waldo, Elk­ Atlanta, Ga., September 20, 1973. Sen'.l.tor HERMAN TALMADGE, than it has been given credit for. If it hart Lake, etc., as well as California., Florida., and cities in Wisconsin that are outside She­ U.S. Senate, improves that performance, it should do Washington, D.O. very well indeed. boygan County. DEAR SENATOR: These letters are from 9th A recent editorial in the Plymouth, Meanwhile, all of us are inserting the dif­ and 10th grade students. I'm very proud of ferent sections together into complete papers. Wis., Review, by editor-publisher Robert them for what they've learned in economics All of us join in. That's why we close the so far this quarter. Their interest in "ac­ S. Johanson, outlined well the kind of office about 3 p.m. Wednesdays, turn out the tion" is avid and they wanted to write you job the Postal Service has done for the office lights and all assemble in the press to relay their feelings. Nation. The editorial follows: room-to take part in the final push. Most of them refer to the wheat deal which POSTAL SERVICE LIVES UP TO NAME IN SERVING By 4-5 p.m., we're done and the papers we discussed in class. My information comes Us AND OUR READERS have all been sent on their way-via. the from U.S. News & World Report, the Atlanta papers, and other current economic periodi­ (By Robert S . Johanson) postal service-to you. cals and books. I try to present an unbiased Poking fun at the US postoffice has long We repeat the same process Saturday morn­ viewpoint from both sides of the issues. been a national pasttime, and in years gone ing for the Monday issue. We all feel that our current inflationary by The Review has printed its share of good­ Each week I "mark up" a paper for the period must be quenched. The students, al­ natured cracks at the system. post office records showing how many inches though not "big spenders", do hear about But I, for one, want to amend that theme. of advertising and news was in the issue. prices from parents and believe it or not, The post office does an excellent job, by and This is used in calculating mail rates. they are sincerely concerned. large, and the service they give us is exceed­ Each month, I make out another report Enclosed is a test I used. My students· ingly good. showing how many pounds of papers we understand each of the concepts listed a.t the mailed and to what destinations. bottom. Perhaps you're interested in trying The people are friendly and cooperative, out the test for yourself! I answered a few to and the rates are fair, despite price increases. These reports are all double checked at the get you started. Then you may better under­ Without the mail service, we'd be hard­ PO and our rates figured. stand the point of their letters. pressed to deliver thousands of Reviews each Surely, once in a while a postman may This--economics-is something they are week throughout the county, along country miss a. Review reader, and once in a while just beginning to learn a.bout and I'd like lanes, in villages and at every cross-roads. we send a bag of papers to the wrong town them to become responsible and concerned Yes, we could use newspaper carrier boys (by putting the wrong label on the outside citizens. After all, "consumer is King" in the in places such as Plymouth and Sheboygan of the bag). U.S. and that's what each person 1&-regard­ Falls. But I shudder to think of the head­ But it seems that the service is very good Iess of age. aches of distribution to all the rural spots 99 % or more of the time. They are most anxious to get a reply. It's in the county. For which we, and our readers, I am sure, sad but most of them feel their letters are Of course, we mail copies to readers all thank the folks at the postal service. You do read and answered by a computer of sorts-­ over the US, too, and the mail is the only a good Jobi one that prints a standard form letter reply. 31702 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1973 I hope you won't disappoint them and will be be one of the most important food groups ls greater than the supply there will be a able t o reply. Perhaps you might be out our which we need to survive. rise in prices. I wish there were something way and drop in. I'm sure they would all Sincerely, that could be done about the inflation. tfaint! We would also be most delighted. MELISSA YARBROUGH, People are suffering. Thank you for your services to Georgia. I Sincerely yours, have visited your offices in Washington. Your SEPTEMBER 14. 1973. BECKY THAMES. secretary was most gracious. You must com­ DEAR MR. TALMADGE: I would like to thank pliment her. you for the work you have done for the citi­ SEPTEMBER 4, 1973. Sincerely, zens of Georgia.. We are fortunate to have you Senator HERMAN TALMADGE, GAIL BYRD. as our representative. U.S. Senate, I am a student of high school, attending a Washington, D.O. SEPTEMBER 14, 1973. business class and learning about economics DEAR SENATOR: I would like to thank-you Sena.t or HERMAN TALMADGE, in the world today. I have some opinions that for the job you are doing as a Congressman. U.S. Senate, I would like to share with you. I know that you are an experienced man, Washington, D.O. The cost of meat ls going up everywhere, so I am sure you are doing a good job to DEAR SIR: I thank you very much for doing and I understand it to be because of the mid­ represent the people of Georgia. your best for the people of Georgia. dlemen. I don't see where it is fair for the I 11,m a student in an economics class from My name is Wanda Lee and I am a student farmers. They are not getting a.s much profit, Westwood High in Atlanta, Georgia.. As a of Westwood High School. Our Business Eco­ or making as much money a.s should be. I, as native of Georgia I would like to know about nomics class has been discussing the situa­ a citizen of Georgia, would like to see some­ my state as much as possible. tion that the United States is in. As a stu­ thing done about this. In our economics class, we have been study­ dent, not yet in the world, I am greatly con­ Sincerely yours, ing about the nations economic situation. cerned about the economical state. Inflation Miss PAM PACE. I would like to ask you what ls your opin­ and prices are getting out of hand. It makes ion about the fa.ct that most of our wheat me wonder what they will be like in my fu­ supply was exported to Russia and we ture. I would like very much to know how SEPTEMBER 14, 1973. Senator HERMAN TALMADGE, haven't received any money yet? Is this fair you feel, and what you suggest for the cit­ to the people? Yet we a.re going to have a izens of Georgia. I'm not really sure if the U.S. Senate, shortage in our own country this year be­ people in Washington realize how bad its Washington, D.O. cause our wheat crops weren't good and we gotten. DEAR SENATOR TALMADGE: I want to thank don't have any surplus to fall back on. If They really ain't affected by the wage you for all the many things you have done you have an opinion on this subject, I would freeze much. It's the smaller, less important for the citizens of Georgia. like to hear it. I would like you to be per­ people that get hurt. I'm quite a.ware that I'm 14 and taking economics. I'm con­ fectly candid in your answer to this prob­ it's not your fault personally, but it seems cerned a.bout high prices and taxes that are lem. to me that their could be something that so common today, I can curb inflation by Thank-you for your kindness, and for be­ our Senators could do. ,only purchasing goods "on sale". But I ing a good Congressman for the state of Thank you for taking your time to listen can't do much a.bout taxes. If this condi­ Georgia. to me. tion persists, we may experience a depression. Sincerely, Sincerely, What are you doing in this regard? WANDA MORROW, WANDA LEE. Again thank you for all the good things you've done for us so far, keep up the good SEPTEMBER 17, 1973, work. Senator HERMAN TALMADGE, SEPTEMBER 14. 1973. Sincerely, Senator HERMAN TALMADGE, U.S. Senate, U.S. Senate, DONNA WESTBROOKS. Washington, D.O. Washington, D.O. DEAR SENATOR: I am an 11th grade student DEAR SENATOR TALMADGE: I thank you for SEPTEMBER 14, 1973, at Westwood High School. I would like to your help for all of the citizens in Georgia. Senator HERMAN TALMADGE, thank you for all your help in representing I'm a student at Westwood High School U.S. Senate, us in Washington. and I'm taking a business course that con­ Washington, D.O. What do you think of all the high rises cerns you in many ways. DEAR Sm: I thank you for your help to in prices? I think its awful for people to Such as, I think that you should try to Georgia's citizens. I appreciate with a strong have to pay such high prices for meat. '!'he bring prices of food down. People a.re having feeling how ha.rd you work and try to make prices all over are going up. It looks as if a hard time buying the food now. Also what this state a pleasant and nice place to live. there is a large demand for something then about this business about exporting wheat to I am a student of Westwood High a Fulton there should be a large supply. I hope that Russia. I think that Nixon made a mistake. County school. I am taking a business course very soon all these high prices will start Can you give me any information on this which is expressing economics and economic coming down, especially the prices of meat. wheat? Why did he do this? This is one values strongly. Sincerely yours, reason why we have a wheat shortage. Some comments I want for you to hear PAM CLEVELAND, Thank you for ta.king your time to read from me, as a student are: this letter. Personally, I think the wheat that was Sincerely, exported to Russia ls one of the things the DONNA FORSYTH, President made a careless mistake on. WE BACK THE PRESIDENT Another situation the prices of food, cloth­ SEPTEMBER 14. 1973. ing, luxuries, and etc., are going up so high Senator HERMAN TALMADGE, that only the rich can afford it! HON. EDWARD YOUNG U.S. Senate, As a student I don't do much grocery OF SOUTH CAROLINA buying but to look at the prices scares me Washington, D.O. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DEAR SENATOR TALMADGE: First of all, I and makes me feel harsh toward the govern­ would like to "thank you" for the work you ment. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 have done for me and the citizens of Georgia. Sincerely, DONNA FOSTER, Mr. YOUNG of South Carolina. Mr. I am a high school student in the Atlanta. Speaker, over 100 of my colleagues and area and am studying economics in a business class. We have talked about some of the eco­ SEPTEMBER 14, 1973, I went to the White House last week, nomics in this country that a.re making the Senator HERMAN TALMADGE, where we were all impressed with the consumer go broke. Now I would like to dis­ U.S. Senate, President's determination to carry on cuss some of these problems with you. Washington, D .C. with the great work he has begun for this Prices aren't getting any lower and wages DEAR SENATOR TALMADGE: Thank you so country. aren't getting any higher I One or the other much for the help you have given to the The Marion Star has been a strong people living in Georgia. We appreciate your must go up or down. I think that the price working for us. and consistent voice in support of the freezes are a. good idea for the time they are I am a citizen from Atlanta;, I attend President. It echoes the sentiments of in effect. It would be nice for the prices to go Westwood High School and I am taking a the vast majority of the people I listened down so we wouldn't have to have any price business course there. We are studying a.bout to during the recess: freezes. the rising prices and other economic con­ WE BACK THE PRE SIDENT Another thing is what President Nixon did ditions of today. What do you think of the Having been born prior to World War II, with our w.hea.t. I think that he should not inflation? It affects all of the citizens of our entire life has been affected by wars and have sent so much of it to Russia. If he wants Georgia very much. Incomes aren •t very high. rumors of war. We have never known a time to remain President he better do what is right If someone demands something very much when there was a feeling of permanent peace. for our country first. Now there is a great then, there will become an inflation. People In this country or anywhere else in the chance of a bread shortage. Bread happens to like certain kinds of food and if the demand world. September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31703 Millions have been the sermons, books, ar­ This, and Watergate, is the reward America planned, a hike -a.long the Blue Ridge re­ ticles and. philosophies dedicated to the prin­ presents to President Nixon for his record. vealed the abuses of the landscape which cipal of peace. But the wars went on and So far there has not been a solid, un­ left less than one per cent of the primeval on. challenged or proven bit of evidence that forest unblighted. Never in the history of the world have we President Nixon had anything to do with "Today, when I retrace that hike of 38 witnessed more demonstrations, speeches Watergate or its coverup. All the evidence years ago, the man-inflicted wounds are and writings for peace than within the past against him has been through the Senate healed," Mr. Lambert says. four or five years. The war in Vietnam was hearings and this by people who admitted The writer advocates-as did Franklin D. the strangest of all wars and it divided their guilt, who have already admitted under Roosevelt in dedicating the Park in 1936- Americans from corner to corner. oath that they lied, some admitting they "other Shenandoahs." Prior to this there was tne Iron Curtain, either accepted money or "stole" money that "Nature is ready and willing. The crucial Cold War and the Russian promise that they knew to be tainted. Now that they problem is ourselves--our social-economic­ communists would bury all Americans. In were caught with the goods they are chang­ political decisions," the au"thor of "The the midst of all of this, there was a revolu­ ing their loyalty, their color and their stories Earth-Man Story" declares. tion going on within our government and "to protect their own necks and get sympathy We agre-e with Mr. Lambert that "new society. A social revolution that affected -and leniency from those who are -pressing the wilderness re-created from the primeval es­ every American in the land. hearing. sence of earth can be as valid, as precious, At a time when the standard of living for To us, it is and has been obvious as hell as the old." all Americans was the highest known 1n the that certain members of both houses of Con­ Witness our beautiful Shenandoah Nation­ history of man, war seemed to be the No. 1 gress, and the leftist news media, have de­ al Park-the result of the foresight and concern of everyone-young and old. In the signed their strategy and their reporting to dedication of men like Darwin Lambert who interest of peace we were marching, demon­ embarass President Nixon and the republican foresaw the dangers of man encroaching strating, destroying public and private prop­ party with less concern for correcting politi­ against nature long before ecology became erty, taking over colleges and universities, cal practices that have gone on, no doubt the urgent and popular cause it is today. bombing, killing, etc. Radical individuals since the first Continental Congress. and groups were cavorting with the enemy in We say press the hearings and punish an effort to f-orce our President to admit the criminals. But from our point of view defeat in Vietnam and bring the forces home the crooks are wearing the white hats and without assurance of protection 'for the the innocent are being presecuted by inuendo KING VERSUS RIGGS: GRACE Tlghts and welfare of our prisoners of war. and priviledged testimony. UNDER PRESSURE Yes, throughout our entire life we thought As of this writing we're back of oUir the highest purpose of life was peace for President 100 percent. He has done the the world. "things we wanted done. And Watergate is SPEECH OF President Nixon was voted into office by the insignificant compared to any one of the majority people of this country. His promise great accomplishments he has brought to Ho . Yvon e Brathwaite Burke during the campaign and after his inaugura­ -tne people. OF CALIFORNIA tion was to "end the war and bring our fight­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing men-and prisoners-home safely." This he has done. SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK Tuesday, September 25, 1973 But he had to do it while fighting the Mrs. BURKE of California. Mr. enemy abroad and the enemy at home. Speaker, the article which follows, en­ In addition to ending the war in Vietnam HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. titled "King Versus Riggs: Grace Under and doing something everyone wanted to do, OF VmG_INIA Pressure,'' the Washington Post, Sep­ he has brought the communists of Russia and IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Red China to the conference tables and tember 22, 1973, articulates the real through signed treaties, prospects for world­ Wednesday, September 26, 1973 meaning of the recent tennis match be­ wide peace and goodwill are brighter now Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. Mr. Presi­ tween Bobby Riggs and Billie Jean King. than at any time during our history. Before uent, the Senate recently passed S. 988, a The match was not so much a "Battle of President Nixon took office, whoever would the Sexes" as it was a match of athletic have thought that in 1973 an American presi­ bill to set aside approximately 80,000 acres within the Shenandoah National skill and competitiveness, and an attempt dent would be visiting Russia or Red China, to bring attention to the sport of tennis or that their leaders would be visiting us? Park as a wilderness area. It was all vastly beyond the most optimistic As sponsor of this legislation, I was and the role of women in it: imagination. But it is true. These are facts. gratified at the action of the Senate, and KING VERSUS RIGGS: GRACE UNDER PRESSuRE It has happened! I hope that the legislation soon will be­ All those who care about the quality of You would think every American would be come law. sport and the values of gutsy competitiveness on his knees in prayers of thanksgiving. a.re naturally elated with Billie Jean King's Everything in this country is more wonderful On September 20, the Page News & trouncing of Bobby Riggs. Despite the stunts than it has ever been before. Not perfect, Courier, published in Luray, Va., in­ and chintz of the pre-match publicity-how mind you, but probably as perfect as it will cluded an excellent editorial concerning apt to have the climax in a bizarre Texas ever be. We have peace and we have pros­ wilderness area in the Shenandoah Na­ field house-what we saw was essentially a perity. tional Park. The editorial sets forth some test of skill between an intensely dedicated One of our domestic problems is inflation. of the most important reasons for pre­ athlete and a buck-minded blabbermouth. A And it is a serious problem. But who isn't serving wilderness areas in this period strong case can be made that King had al­ Iiving better now than ever before? In spite of rapid expansion of the population. ready brought women's tennis a long wa-y of inflation we've never had it so good. But is ti>Ward equality with men's tennis, without President Nixon is doing his utmost to give John Waybright editor of the Page the aid of her match with Riggs. She has a the people relief in this regard without im­ News & Courier. shrewd and tenacious business sense, as a posing drastic war-time controls that, cer­ I ask unanimous consent that the text Wall Street Journal story recently docu­ tainly, most do not want. of the editorial, "Wilderness Regained,'' mented. In .additio·n, she deserves the kind Then there ls the bombing in Cambodia.. be included in the Extensions of Re­ of respect Riggs doesn't; King's struggles go At this moment we are at the same stage marks. far beyond her own enrichment, to benefit­ .and in a similar situation as just before the There being no objection, the editorial ing not only the curreni; players on the Paris peace treaty with Hanoi when the was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, women's tour but those to come in future .Jane Fondas were aiding and abetting the years. On the other side of the court, the vi­ enemy and doing everything possible to stop as follows: sion of Riggs--the author, fittingly, of "Ten­ the bombing of North Vietnam which proved WILDERNESS REGAINED nis Is My Racket"-went no furtller than his to be the catalyst that brought an honor­ In the August "Reader's Digest," writer­ own wallet. able peace to American and assured the safe naturalist Darwin Lambert, who resides in This mixed singles match then was not so return of every prisoner of war to his native Page County near the Shenandoah National much a battle of the sexes. If that's what soil. Three presidents and both houses of Park, 1s featured in an article condensed anybody wants, let Forest Hills and Wim­ the U.S. Congress has been wrong in this from one he or.iginally wrote for «National bledon have only one championship division, conflict. But President Nixon had the plan Wildlife." open to all male and female comers. It was and did the job. The article, entitled "W-e Can Have Wilder­ ::i. battle of talent, decided on the court, not Now, just when he is about to put the ness Wherever We Choose," asserts that, con­ behind the microphone where Riggs' noisy final link 1n the cha.in of victory a.nd peace trary to the "conventional wisdom," once tongue gives hhn the edge. In ca.lling for a. for un of Indo China, the Jane Fonda's are wilderness is destroyed it is not gone for­ rematch, Riggs de.serves to be ignored by at it again. Every Bill coming before the ever-all we have to do is let _nature recreate King. President for his signature now has a. rider it fox us. About the only person 1n the whole carni­ that forces the cessation of bonibing in Mr. Lambert recounts how, 1n 1935 when val who ca.me olI with real class w.as l3lllie Cambodia. Shenandoah National Park was being Jean King. ABC television, whose 'Wide World 31704 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1973 of Sports is a. credit to the industry, must MILITARY PAY LAGS BEHIND CIVIL­ origin, religion, color or sex. Perhaps the best have sent the B team to Houston. It was IAN PAY IN MANY CASES thing that could come out of Mr. Aspin's ha.rd-and often impossible-to tell visually release is that_it might cause people to beat if baseline shots were in or out, the referee a path to the doors of our recruiting offices could not be heard, and Howard Cosell­ and alleviate our manpower difficu:ties. however much his supercharged mouth was HON. CHARLES E. BENNETT perfectly matched to Riggs'-offered a. tempo OF FLORIDA of chattery commentary better suited to his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES beloved "sport" of prizefighting than tennis. NEGOTIATING WITH THE SOVIETS But never mind Mr. Cosen-or the said spec­ Wednesday, September 26, 1973 tacle of a. once-respectable tennis champion Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Speaker, an article making a. bad sexist joke out of the game appeared recently in the Washington HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK that gave him fame. What mattered was OP OHIO Post indicating that "GI Earnings Rated Billie Jean King outplaying and out-psyching IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Bobby Riggs. For all the accompanying show­ Above Civilian Pay." This article was said biz buffoonery we cannot remember a more to be based upon a Library of Congress Wednesday, September 26, 1973 study released by Congressman AsPIN. thoroughly satisfactory tennis match. Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, re­ I asked the Department of Defense mili­ cently I have been sharing with my col­ tary compensation section to send me a leagues foreign views on negotiating with memorandum on this matter and it is the Soviets. Many in this country do not SOCIAL SECURITY INCREASE printed hereunder: realize that a large number of Europeans MILITARY PAY LAGS BEHIND CIVILIAN PAY IN are quite skeptical of the goals of the MANY CASES Soviet Union. Too often Americans are Mr. Aspin's press release is a combination HON. JOHN C. CULVER led to believe that respected officials and OF IOWA of apples a.nd oranges plus the usual and common misunderstanding of the military experts in other countries have accepted IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pay system. the promises of the Soviet Union at face Wednesday, September 26, 1973 The release states the average military value and that the West should seek no member has a. regular compensation of Mr. CULVER. Mr. Speaker, the harm­ fundamental concessions from the So­ $9,097 a year. This would bf true if everyone viets. But this is not true. Many in Eu­ ful effects of inflation have been felt received the two allowances which a.re in­ rope and Asia are urging the United in one form or another by all age groups. cluded in the definition of regular compen­ But older Americans struggling on limi­ sation. In fact, only 47 % of the service States to be realistic when dealing with the Soviets and not be misled by any ted, fixed incomes have been harder hit members receive the allowance for quarters false understanding of detente. than anyone else. and only 53 % receive the allowance for sub­ The well-known British publication, For most of our senior citizens, social sistence. Hence, only one-half the members have the opportunity to receive regular com­ the Economist, has published an inter­ security is the economic mainstay. How­ pensation of the magnitude suggested in esting article discussing recent events in ever, social security benefits still fall the press release. the Soviet Union. I commend this article below the poverty level for millions of For example, a. sergeant with a. regular to your attention. compensation of $9,063, close to the quoted people. The article follows: The 5.9-percent increase in benefits average, may only take home $6,437, or only which is scheduled to go into effect in 71 % of his credited regular compensation. BEHIND THE FACADES June 1974, is too little and too late. Since the Department of Defense has not Europe's negotiators at Geneva. should try received the Library of Congress "study" to bring it home to Mr. Brezhnev that a. Prices are rising now, and last month's which Mr. Aspin quotes, it is difficult to true detente depends on the ending of Rus­ recordbreaking increase in the wholesale comment on its statistics. sia's isolation. price index provides an ominous warn­ The civilian statistics used in the press re­ Gregory Potemkin, who got to be a prince ing that further increases 'are yet to lease are not comparable with 1971 data from and a field-marshal by way of Catherine the come. the Family and Individual Income Statistics Great's bed, is best remembered in Russia. To ask the elderly to wait until July Branch of the Bureau of Census. These sta­ not because of Eisenstein's film about the of next year before they receive even tistics show that two yea.rs ago the average battleship named for him, but because of the full time, year-round male workers earned fake Potemkin villages which he built along minor relief is asking too much of those $9,399. It is hard to believe that their wages the route of Catherine's journey through his who have contributed their working lives have not increased during the past two years southern fiefs in order to disguise their to this Nation's economy. as indicated by the presss release average of wretched state. In Mr Brezhnev's Russia. the To provide a more adequate increase $9,404. tradition of erecting deceptive facades is not on a more timely basis, I have joined with The average civilian worker can be as­ merely maintained but elaborated. At one several of my colleagues in sponsoring sumed to have a. 40-hour week, but in the end of the spectrum, great care is taken to a bill in the House of Representatives case of the military member his work week conceal from the people the blunt fact that is often far in excess of 40 hours. For in­ a. grave food shortage is now being averted to increase benefits by 7 percent in Jan­ stance, the average work week of a sailor on only by massive imports of American grain. uary 1974. The simple purpose of the a. ship underway is in excess of 70 hours. At the more sophisticated end, a. facade that bill is to allow over 20 million Ameri­ Military personnel do not receive one cent in Potemkin would have admired has just been cans over age 65, including over 350,000 extr.a. pay or benefits for overtime work per­ run up in the shape of an outburst of "spon­ in Iowa, to survive the enormous in­ formed. taneous popular indignation" over Professor creases in the cost of their basic neces­ The press release shows that career mili­ Andrei Sakharov's criticism of the present sities. tary members have benefits and bonuses Soviet regime's deliberate and manifest sup­ which are 32.6 % of their compensation, pression of elementary human rights. There may be some who will say that while the civilian benefits expressed were It is a. pitiful sight to see such eminent moving forward the date of a social se­ only 12.4 % . Chamber of Commerce statis­ figures as the composers Shostakovich and curity increase will be inflationary. But tics for 1971 show that employee benefits in Khatchaturian herded into line among the in my view it is time to stop balancing large companies averaged 30.8 percent of pay­ organised mud-slingers; but it is much more the Federal budget on the backs of the roll a.nd were rising rapidly. Military bene­ revealing to see Pravda and Izvestia solemnly . aging. fits closely approximate these statistics, a.nd printing angry denunciations of the professor Instead of blaming inflation on neces­ a.re much lower than benefits received by purportedly written by "ordinary workers". sary benefits paid to the elderly, we civilian employees in many industries. For For the Soviet press has not condescended to example, benefits for auto workers are re­ tell its readers what he said. We are being should trim back unnecessary spending. ported as 55% of wages (Business Week, asked to believe that the masses of the peo­ The administration proposed a fiscal year Sep. 8, 73, p. 92). ple have been convulsed with wrath on hear­ 1974 budget that would increase overall We think that press releases like Mr. As­ ing words which, according to the only spending by some $19 billion. Yet they pin's tend to confuse and mislead the public. sources of in!ormation available to them, would have us believe there is no room This is particularly sad at this time when were never spoken. in that budget for this social security public confidence in the federal government There could hardly be a clearer example of increase. a.nd its operations needs to be improved the kind of suppression of truth and fabri­ rather than further aggravated. cation of untruth that Professor Sakharov I believe that one priority that is For instance, it might be pointed out that had in mind when he argued that true inter­ clearly within a responsible budget is the only since Congressional action of 1971 have national understanding and relaxation could effort to meet the needs of retired Ameri­ military wages been competitive with civilian not be achieved unless a democratised Rus­ cans. We cannot allow the disgraceful wages, and that the military treats and pays sia. gave its citizens free access to informa­ neglect of our senior citizens to continue. all its members equally regardless of national tion and freedom to travel. Nor could there be September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31705 a clearer illustration of what the pan­ ularly the division of Germany), commit the attention, and I sincerely believe its con­ European conference that was formally west to help Russia. overcome its economic tents are of sufficient importance that it opened in Helsinki in July, and ls to be difficulties, and lead people to feel they could should be called to the attention of m~ · properly started in Geneva on Septem­ safely relax (people in the west, that is; the ber 18th, is really about. communist world still resounds to calls .for colleagues. The way the Soviet authorities are han­ continued vigilance and increases in armed The enactment of the bill described in dling their campaign agaillilt Sakharov, Solz­ strength). But the noncommunist coun­ Congressman GROVER'S release would henitsyn and their other critics, and in par­ tries-including neutrals that are not mem­ permit the Federal Government to dic­ ticular the way they rigged last week's trial bers of Nato--have insisted on taking the tate the location of many Government of Pyotr Yakir and Victor Krasin, reveals that idea of detente seriously. "Greater mobility facilities. they are now aiming to smash the few links for both persons and ideas", said the Swedish In my opinion, the bill should be voted that still exist betwen independent-minded foreign minister at Helsinki, was needed be­ Russians and the outside world. In the cruel cause "ignorance has always been one of the against when it reaches the House floor Yakir-Krasin charade, it was claimed that Illain causes of tension". "The way to peace for a vote. there was no movement for human rights in lies through exchanges of ideas, through the The news release follows: Russia; it had all been imagined by the free movement of individuals", said M. Jobert, One of the most radical and far-reaching western press and fostered by Russian exiles, adding that, as France saw it, the conference legislative bills which I have seen 1n my west European right-Wing groups and other must open up a path to security by way of years in Congress breezed smoothly through sinister bodies, which used tourists and cor­ liberty if it was not to be merely "a delusion the Senate Chamber some weeks ago. It now rei;pondents to penetrate Russian and cir­ for the masses, a manoeuvre for the wiliest, awaits the House Interior Committee's ac­ culate slanderous inventions. a mistake for others." tion, and many members of that committee What this added up to was a fresh warning SOME DEALS ARE SAFER THAN OTHERS are praising it as the panacea for all en­ to Soviet citizens to beware of foreigners. vironmental ills. Such warnings are regularly given. Russia's Mr. Brezhnev cannot expect the west ac­ This type of legislation is often called a tually to help him erect more facades, and fe--w foreign residents are inured to having "sleeper." It has an attractive cover and to live in heavily guarded (and, of course, his anxiety for economic help may involve title-The Land Use Planning Act--and its bugged) ghetto residences; any Russian who him in opening some real gates. But he avowed purpose is to encourage the states to seeks contact with them comes under KGB will evidently do his best to avoid doing so. undertake a land use planning program. But surveillance, and only the bravest will dare Speaking to a French correspondent on Au­ how does this power grab encourage states to maintain any prolonged contact that is gust 21st, Professor Sakharov used these to do their planning? It requires the states not approved by the authorities for their own perceptive wo.rds: to submit a land use program to the In­ purposes. But how is this kind of insulation "In this dialogue, the Soviet Union is the t erior's Secretary for approval. What if he to -be reconciled With tbe fact tllat at Hel­ interested party, and it is bluffing hard. It is doesn't approve of the plan? Well then, New -Siliki in -J"u1y Mr. Gromylro, in the name of very important that the western countries York State, for example, loses hundreds of bis government, agreed that the Conference should Illake full use of their trump cards. millions of dollars of its share of highway, on S.ecurity anti Co-operation in Eur-0pe But they must understand that they are deal­ airport and land and water trust funds. Just (CSCE) shall seek to "facilitate ~reer move­ ing with a very crafty partner who has the n. pint-sized package of federal blackmail. ment and contacts" and to "facilitate the advantage of a totalitarian regime." Okay, so lets give them a plan they wlll ~:reer and wider dissemination of information People wllo, like the professor, know all too approve-what can u-e lose? Since we must ,of all kinds" among the participating states'? well how the Soviet system worJ~s do not conform to the planning criteria in the bill So .far, the .Russians' way of ov.ercoming s1.1ppose that trade promotes real understand­ we stand to lose our home rule shirt at all ""the contradiction has characteristically, been ing or that the .multiplication of business levels of government. This surreptitious na­ to :suppress it. The Soviet press did not tell deals automatically breaks down barriers. tionalizing of real property laws, zoning laws .its readers what had been agreed by the for­ The Widely-publicised project of exporting and building codes makes the UDC look as eign ministers at Helsinki. It did not tell Siberian gas exemplifies the kind of big new democratic, harmless and acceptable as a them that virtually all the non-communist deal that Mr. Brezhnev thinks it fairly safe New England town meeting. speeehes m.ade there dwelt on the essezrtial to contemplate. The Amerlcan, Japanese or It could force public housing on com­ link between true detente in Europe and what other foreign technicians required would do niunities, control density and location of President Kekkonen of Finlan d referred to .as their work in remote areas; the impact on r~sidential, business and industrial build­ "opening gates". J:t suppressed both the Soviet society would be small. The real test ings; it could dictate location of govern­ speeches and the agr~d agenda on which the would come if co-operation was extended to mental faclltties, public utilities and e\·en talks in Geneva, where the CSCE will get jointly-contro1led production in centrally­ .ha,,.,e a say in police and fire protection in our .down to brass tacks, are to be based. sited and labour-intensive industries in Rus­ communities. BE CANNOT CALL IT INTERFERENCE ANY MORE sia, With foreign investors insisting on over­ We are all .fo.r cleaning up our air and hauling methods of management and ra1sing water and for keeping our country clean .and In the Geneva talks the Soviet representa­ awkwaTd questions about, say, the mobility tive1; wnl doubtless offer to sign documents green. But do we have to totally disenfran­ of labour. The tensions that developed when chise our villages, towns, cities and coun­ th11.t seemingly commit them to opening a. the Fiat plant was built on the Volga snow few gates. l3ut the line laid down by Mr. ties with this collectivist legislative outrage Gromyko, Mr. Zorin -and other communist the kind of problems that the Soviet regime to accomplish such a goal? would face if it allowed foreign companies spokesmen during the CSCE's opening stages to establish themselves more widely. The indicates tllat they-will demand that all east­ c. uestion is whether anything less than that west contacts must be circumscribed by the will suffice to bring about the economic mira­ "existing laws and customs" of the commu­ RETIREMENT FOR FEDERAL LAW cle that Mr. Brezhnev hopes for. .nist states . .In plain language this means that On present form, he Will stop sho.rt of ENFORCEMENT AND FffiEFIGHT­ the Soviet and other east European author­ taking such risks. If his government sticks ING PERSONNEL l ties' monopolistic control of information would .remain unbroken and that their polit­ to the positions it has now taken up, Rus­ sia's economic difficulties Will not be resolved; ica.l police would continue to supervise care­ its citizens will remain isolated from the HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK fully controlled cultural exchanges. There OF CALIFORNIA would simply be more Potemkin villages. rest of mankind; and the Conference on Se­ Pote.mk.in had the advantage that Cathe­ curity and Cooperation in Europe will run INT.HE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES into the sand without giving Europeans any rlne, .having appointed him viceroy in the Wednesday, September 26, 1973 south. did not want to expose his deceptions. reason to feel more secure, or any increased Mr. Brezhnev, too, would like the western opportunities for co-operating. There ts still Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I have been world to treat him as a favourite, to applaud a long way to go before a reality of detente concerned for some time that Federal his declared eagerness for detente, to shower can be built up behind the facades that have law enforcement and firefighting person­ him with grain, credits, and even royalty., and become such a prominent feature of today's landscape. nel should be permitted to retire at a to avert its gaze from the nastier realities time conducive to their interests and to of his regime. He rebuffs any idea that can be depicted as interference in Russia's domestic those of society. A quarter of a century affairs. Yet now that the Soviet government LAND USE PLANNING ACT ago Congress .first acted to give these has accepted an agenda for the European con­ public servants a l°etirement formula ference that makes freedom o.f movement and more generous per year of employment information items of legitimate international HON. CARLETON J. KING than other Federal workers. The goal concern, it cannot sustain the "outrageous OF NEW YORK was to maintain a relatively young and interference" argument any longer. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vigorous corps of workers, while making It had wanted the conference to go very early retirement feasible for those differently. The Soviet proposal was to stage Wednesday, September 26, 1973 charged with particularly stressful jobs. a quite brief meeting and adopt a set of Mr. KING. Mr. Speaker, a news re­ Eventually, a more liberal computation grandiose declarations that would sancttl'y lease from the office of Representative factor was provided for all Federal em­ the exlstlng dlvtslon of Europe ( and partlc- JAMES R. GROVER, JR., has come to my ployees, so the intention of the law was 31706 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1973 thwarted. Now Congress is acting to 1954-set off a wave of reaction among cer­ Constitution shall not be construed to deny rectify this situation, and the House gave tain groups. others. At least 188 anti-abortion bills have been When legislatures began passing abortion its support on September 20 by an over­ introduced in 41 states. laws in the 1800's, the motive was neither whelming margin. Although I was ab­ Several states have enacted, or are retain­ religion nor morality. The laws did not seek sent from the floor for its consideration, ing, anti-abortion laws which are clearly un­ to discourage sexual promiscuity, since they I most certainly would have cast my vote constitutional, but are being invoked none­ applied to married as well as unmarried in its favor. theless. women, and to victims of rape. Nor did they Approximately 10 per cent of the U.S. seek to protect the fetus. House of Representatives (some 41 of the RIGHTS OF FETUS House's 435 members) are sponsoring some This last concept--the effort to establish THE ABORTION BATTLE CONTINUES form of anti-abortion legislation. the fetus as a person with full legal rights­ Although opponents know they can only has become the rallying cry of the "right to overthrow the Supreme Court decisions by life" groups spearheading the anti-abortion HON. BELLAS. ABZUG passing a constitutional amendment, the campaign's drive for a constitutional amend­ availability of abortion has already been re­ ment. OF NEW YORK duced via amendments to other bills passed Their motive has been questioned by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by Congress. others, who charge that the anti-abortion Three distinct types of constitutional Wednesday, September 26, 1973 campaign is really an attempt to impose amendments have been put before the Con­ one religion's beliefs on the lives of all. They Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, after the gress, including one sponsored by seven sen­ point out that vigorous lobbying is being momentous Supreme Court decision last ators. conducted by such official bodies as the U.S. January, legalizing abortion, most abor­ A discharge petition (same device used last Catholic Conference and the National Con­ year in the school busing controversy) has ference of Catholic Bishops, and that the tion advocates breathed a sigh of relief been introduced in the House, seeking to and turned their attention to other membership of the primary citizen lobby, dislodge one of the proposed constitutional the National Right to Life Committee pressing issues. The antiabortion forces, amendments from committee and put it di­ (NLRC), is overwhelmingly oatholic. The however, mustered their strength and rectly on the House floor. NRCL denies any religious motivation, stat­ launched a multipronged attack on the COST OF SU.ENCE ing its only concern is the sanctity of all Court's decision. At the center of this The proponents of these laws have been life. attack are three proposed constitutional flooding their legislators with mail. Some The January Supreme Court rulings, which amendments that seek to completely members of Congress receive more mail op­ anti-abortionists seek to overturn, were an overturn the Supreme Court's decision. posing abortion than on any other subject. expansion of the privacy doctrine through Less sweeping, but equally dangerous, is Because those who favor abortion mistakenly which the Court had earlier determined that the restrictive legislation that antiabor­ believe the Court has settled the issue, they persons may not be hampered by the state tion activists have actually succeeded in have not been writing at all. Their silence, in their access to contraceptives. There, Jus­ if continued, will prove costly. tice Brennan wrote for the Court in Eisen­ getting passed. These include: an Among the many ironies attending the stadt v. Baird that "If the right of privacy amendment to the Legal Services Cor­ issue, two stand out. First, continued inaction means anything, it is the right of the indi­ poration Act for bidding Legal Services by pro-abortion citizens could result in the vidual, married or single, to be free from attorneys from giving counsel to poverty­ Court's decision being overthrown through unwarranted governmental intrusion into level women in need of abortions and passage of a constitutional amendment by a matters so fundamentally affecting a person the Church amendment to the Public panicky Congress, even though polls show as the decision whether to bear or beget a Health Service Act Extension which pro­ most Americans favor a woman's right to child." hibits the denial of Federal funds to choose abortion. The last nationwide poll, The abortion decisions stated that during taken by Gallup in June, 1972, found 64 per the first trimester ( usually meaning the first hospitals that refuse to allow abortions cent agreeing that abortion is a decision 13 weeks of gestation), the decision to have or sterilizations on the basis of religious solely for a woman and her doctor. A Gallup an abortion must be left solely to the woman or moral beliefs. poll of January, 1972, also found 54 per cent and her doctor. During the second trimester, Underlying most antiabortion argu­ of Catholics of the same opinion. government regulations "rea.sone.bly related. ments is the assumption that the fetus Second, enactment of a constitutional to maternal health," such as licensing of the is a whole human being entitled to civil amendment to prohibit abortion will not facility and its personnel, are permissible. and criminal protection under U.S. law. eliminate abortion, or even reduce it. It will Once the fetus has reached viability-1.e. it only turn back the nation to the pre-1973 is potentially capable of life outside the The implications of this legal position mother's womb, usually at from 24 to 28 to days when millions of women underwent border on the absurd. According Arlie illegal abortions, often under unsafe condi­ weeks----,the Court held that anti-abortion Schardt associate director of the ACLU tions. Many suffered serious injury or death laws may be passed to protect the state's in Washington: as a result. Prohibition of abortion has been "interest in the potentiality of human life," Every pregnant woman would be con­ no more effective than prohibition of alcohol but that abortion prohibitions must make stantly acting at her peril . . . lest she be was in the 1930's. exception for the preservation of the woman's life and health, including her mental health. held accountable for any injury the fetus HISTORY OF LAWS suffered ... Prosecutors might well be COURT'S CONCLUSION Compounding these ironies is the fact that obliged to investigate every miscarriage, to Thus, although the Court found that a see if it resulted from fetus abuse, careless­ any new abortion law would be a complete contradiction of the reason why abortion woman's right to privacy is not absolute in ness or recklessness. Women taking medicine the case of abortion, it basically recognized. which also happens to expel the fetus could laws were first introduced into English and American common law at all. That reason that right through two-thirds of the preg­ be guilty of murder. So could women using nancy, and to some extent through the last IUD's. Every woman might have to register was to protect women from the dangers posed by medical conditions of those times. Such third. her pregnancy with a fetus-protection au­ As for the fetus, the Court noted that thority, subjecting every aspect of her life to protection is no longer needed because today abortion is safer than childbirth. This has the word "person" as used in the 14th Amend· potential state inspection, regulation and ment's stricture against depriving any per­ control. been true, in fact, since approximately 1930. Abortion laws have thus been counter-pro­ son of life without due process of law ", •• ductive for some 40 years, because they no does not include the unborn." Mr. Speaker, I place the full text of And in what is probably the first direct at­ Mr. Schardt's remarks in the RECORD at longer protect the patient's life, as intended. Indeed, they actually deny the protection tempt in case law to address the status of this point: the fetus's constitutional rights, if any, the SAVING ABORTION they were meant to provide. Studies made after New York State liberalized its abortion Court ruled in a footnote to Dole v. Bolton, (By Arlie Schardt) laws in 1970, for example, indicate that eight the case brought by the ACLU, that "the When the Supreme Court legalized abor­ times more women per 100,000 died in child­ Court does not postulate the existence of a tion last January with a pair of sweeping, birth than as the result of legal abortions new being with federal constitutional rights 7-2 rulings, many people relaxed. They be­ performed within the first 24 weeks of preg­ at any time during gestation." lieved the issue was settled, and that hence­ nancy. In any case, the issue of a woman's right forth the state could not interfere with a The common law liberty of women to have to abortion ls going to be joined around the woman's right to decide with her doctor uncharted course of the rights of the fetus. abortions existed in England from 1327-1803, This raises the fascinating possibility of 100 whether or not to terminate her pregnancy. and in America from 1607-1830. Abortion Such people could not have been more fully developed males thrashing about on the mistaken. Far from settling the issue, that was legal when the U.S. Constitution was floor of the United States Senate, debating decision-undoubtedly the most controversial written in 1789, thus making it a woman's the mysteries of the female anatomy, the and far-reaching since Brown v. Board of right under the Ninth Amendment, which question of how soon conception takes place Education outlawed school segregation in says the enumeration of certa.in rights in the after implantation of the fertilized egg into September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31707 the uterus, and the very definition of life over the problem of when life begins. In Could all such activities be prohibited by the itself. These a.re problems which have not introducing his amendment, Buckley said state? been solved in medical science, to say noth­ it would apply "from the time a biologically Fetus protection lawyers would surely be ing of law, throughout humanity's time on identifiable human being comes into exist­ involved in constant litigation. The Hogan earth, and there are those who claim that in ence." Hatfield, perhaps unintentionally, amendment would plague our legal system the end, even the United States Congress anticipated the kind of confusion that will with ambiguities, and would open the way would have to settle for definitions more take place should this bill ever reach de­ for intolerable official intrusion into the pri­ arbitrary than scientific. bate in the Senate, when he said, "It may be vate life of a pregnant woman in order to AMENDMENTS sensible to point to implantation, and the protect the rights of the fetus. time after potential segmentation, as the Criminal law would be equally chaotic. At There are also those who contend this is more precise moment when ... life is pres­ no time in Anglo-American history has abor­ an area where the federal government has ent." Technically, this could leave a gap of tion been considered the equivalent of mur­ no business legislating. Nevertheless, the at­ from five to seven days when abortion would der, yet under the Hogan amendment, any­ tempt is underway. The most far-reaching be legal. one committing a lesser crime which inci­ proposals are those seeking to completely Buckley may have further weakened his dentally resulted in a miscarriage could be overturn the Supreme Court's decision with support from right-to-lifers by explaining guilty of murder. a constit utional amendment. At least 18 con­ that his amendment would probably not Presumably no pregnant woman could be stitutional amendments have been proposed. apply to women using "morning after" pills jailed, since the fetus committed no crime. They divide into three distinct categories. or the intrauterine contraceptive (IUD), or Prosecutors might well be obliged to investi­ The first is exemplified by H.J. Res. 261, to women who were raped. Since the exact gate every miscarriage, to see if it resulted sponsored by Rep. Lawrence Hogan Cl'f Mary­ point at which life begins is unclear, many from fetus abuse, carelessness or recklessness. land. Hogan's is a so-called "right-to-life" r ight-to-life advocates feel that such con­ Women taking medicine which also happens amendment seeking to insure that due proc­ traceptives are really a form of abortion. to expel the fetus could be guilty of murder. ess and equal protection are afforded to an Some believe the IUD, for example, displaces So could women using IUD's. individual "from the moment of concep­ the embryo after it is fertilized, and thus Assuming anyone could ever really figure tion." (Hogan's amendment would also for­ may be essentially an abortive agent. out when a woman conceives, every pregnant bid the state from depriving "any human The potential for conflict within anti-abor­ woman would be constantly acting at her being of life on account of illness, age, or tion ranks over possible loopholes may have peril from that time forward, lest she be held in capacity." Whether this would accidentally been signaled in a June 11 press release from accountable for any injury the fetus suffered. abolish the death penalty is unclear.) the National Right to Life Committee, which Every woman might have to register her On July 10, Rep. Hogan also initiated a. stated that its primary goal is an anti-abor­ pregnancy with a fetus-protection authority, discharge petition, a rarely used device which tion constitutional amendment protecting subjecting every aspect of her life to poten­ seeks to discharge a bill from committee and life from the moment of fertilization, and tial state inspection, regulation and control. place it directly on the floor, where it takes banning abortificant devices and medication. priority over all other business. To do this, OUR SIDE the sponsor must obtain the signatures of CONSTITUTION Many notable organizations are on record more than half of the House, or 218 Cl'f it s There is no historical basis whatsoever, in favor of a woman's right to choose abortion 435 members. A similar effort failed last year of course, for recognizing the fetus as a with her doctor, generally along the lines of in an effort to force a floor vote on a con­ person in the constitutional sense. Neither the Supreme Court decision. Among them stitutional amendment to bar all school as­ the Constitution nor any amendment has are the American Bar Association, the Presi­ signments based on race. Hogan's petition ever treated a fetus as a person. No dent's Commission on Population Growth and had only 11 signers at the end of July, but census taker, from 1790 to 1970, has ever the American Future, the National Confer­ r ight-to-life forces were planning heavy pres­ counted a fetus (for one thing, no one ence of Commissioners on Uniform State sure on representatives back home for the knows it sex). Laws, the American Medical Association, and August recess. The chaotic impact that a new body of hundreds of doctors of obste-trics and gyne­ The second type of proposed amendment "fetus law" would have on our entire cology. is H.J. Res. 468, sponsored by Rep. G. Wil­ system of civil and criminal law is reason Despite such impressive support, despite liam Whitehurst of Virginia. Known as a enough to reject any further efforts to ban the fact that polls show most citizens--in­ "states rights" amendment, it says that abortion. Whole areas of long established eluding Catholics-favor the right to abor­ nothing in the Constitution shall bar any law having no relationship to abortion tion, and despite the Supreme Court's find­ state "from allowing, regulating or prohib­ would be dislocated. ing that women have the constitutional right iting the practice of abortion." As of mid­ In civil law, for example, if the fetus is a to abortion, the issue frightens Congress. July, a tabulation by Planned Parenthood­ person, what are the rights of a fetus This is so not only because of abortion's World Population counted 19 bills in the which is a guest in an automobile? If there volatile religious and emotional content, but House calling for either a "right-to-life" or a is an accident, can the fetus sue for also because Congress is hearing from just "states right" amendments, with a total of negligence? What if the driver did not one side-those determined to ban abortion. 36 sponsors. Whether advocates of Hogan's know that the woman passenger was A one-issue group, such as the National Right more sweeping right to life amendment pregnant? Or, could the fetus sue for negli­ to Life Committee, can create enough action, would compromise by supporting a states gence if the woman carrying it negligently in the absence of a counter-force, to make rights amendment--thereby placing the contracted German measles, or took a harm­ congresspeople feel they will be swept out decision in the laps of the 50 state legisla­ ful drug? of office if they go wrong on that issue alone. tures-is unknown. What about inheritance? As a person, Indeed, even though they rarely represent The third type of proposed amendment under the Hogan amendment unborn fetuses majority opinion, or have enough votes to is in the Senate. Sponsored by Sen. James might inherit property, even if they are never actually tip the balance in any congressional Buckley of New York, S.J. Res. 119 is co­ born alive. This could also increase estate district, one-issue lobbies always have a dis­ sponsored by Senators Mark Hatfield of Ore­ taxes, since property passing through the proportionate impact on elected officials. This geon, Dewey Bartlett of Oklahoma, Wallace fet al estate might be taxable. Estate tax re­ is partly because they are so active, but also Bennett of Utah, Carl Curtis of Nebraska, turns might have to be filed on behalf of because most people are interested in many Milton Young of North Dakota, Harold fetuses which are miscarried. issues, and do not vote for or against a legis­ Hughes of Iowa, and James Eastland of Mis­ There might also be a whole new variety lator because of his or her vote on a single sissippi. of medical malpractice suits, with claims not issue. Mark Hatfield and Harold Hughes are "PERSON" only on behalf of the woman, but on behalf in unusual company, for example, with the The Buckley amendment says that the of the miscarried fetus. likes of James Buckley, Dewey Bartlett, word "person," as used in the Fifth and 14th This would result in increased risks to the James Eastland, et al., on S.J. Res. 119. Yet Amendments (no person shall be deprived life of a pregnant woman because doctors their pro-abortion constituents are unlikely of life, liberty or property without due would hesitate to use life-saving medical pro­ to reject Hatfield or Hughes due to this one process of law) shall apply to all human cedures which might abort th"'-··- - ..... 1.ncy. action. beings, "including their unborn offspring at DEPENDENT? LOBBYING every stage of their biological development." Still other tort law prob!, 1. _.I d the To offset the exaggerated impact of one­ But the Buckley amendment displeases fetus be counted as a dependen·~ ..., r tax pur­ issue lobbies, those representing majority many purists in the right-to-life movement poses? How far would Internal Revenue have opinions-such as those who favor the because it also says it "shall not apply in to go to verify the fact of pregnancy-and Court's rulings on abortion-should simply an emergency when a reasonable medical thus create a prodigious new threat to the let their congresspeople know they exist. Once certainty exists that continuation of the right to privacy? What would be the status legislators understand that anti-abortion ac­ pregnancy will cause the death of the of a fetus conceived in the United States by tivists are but a small fraction of their con­ mother." Many right-to-lifers contend that non-citizens? stituencies, they can be expected to act more if they are to win they must be consistent, Who would determine the line between the responsibly in support of the Court's deci­ and that to be consistent they can allow mother's right to do what she wishes with sions. no exceptions to the absolute right to life of her own body-e.g. water ski, play tennis, But in t he absence of any pro-abortion the fetus. diet, smoke, drink-and a compulsory stand­ lobbying, anti~abortion forces have not only The Buckley amendment also faces trouble ard of care to ensure the health of the fetus? raised the possibility of a constitutional 31708 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1973 amendment, they have actually succeeded in continue to have abortions, but whether intended increase. If the House acts to passing some restrictive legislation. they wm continue to have them in safety. adopt this bill, this inequity of treatment In the House, for example, an amendment CONSERVATISM would end. was added to the Legal Services bill forbid­ There is one final, crowning irony to the ding Legal Services attorneys from giving Veterans, like other older Americans abortion debate. While attempts to ba.n living on limited incomes, are perhaps counsel to poor women having problems con­ abortion are characteristically led by people cerning abortion. This is a flagrant case of who call themselves conservatives, their those most severely victimized by the class discrimination, since middle class position is actually a flat contradiction of effects of inflation; since the rise in prices women have access to paid abortion counsel. conservative doctrine. over the past 4 years has often been And it ironically regenerates a portion of the For nothing could interfere more directly sharpest for serv~.ces or products of spe­ class discrimination that has always attended with a woman's personal life than state cial importance to them. In fact, ram­ abortion: namely, during all the years abor­ action telling her whether she will or will tions were illegal, rich women could have pant inflation in such necessities as food, not give birth. Yet the basis of all con­ health care, rent, and transportation has them anyway, because they could afford servative doctrine is resistance to state inter­ them, while poor women could not. A respon­ ference with one's personal life. made the last raise inadequate even to sible Senate would kill such an amendment. Today, of course, anti-abortionists are those who received the full amount. Vet­ Another piece of anti-abortion legislation shifting their focus away from a woman's erans who did not receive the full benefit has actually become law (and will likely constitutional rights to the notion of the of that raise are now experiencing par­ be challenged soon by the ACLU, which has rights of the fetus. This means determining ticular difficulty in maintaining a decent already fl.led other suits in eight states, chal­ when life begins-which no one knows­ standard of living. lenging noncompliance with the Supreme and must ultimately rest on man-ma.de defi­ Court rulings) . By enacting this bill, we can ensure nit ions more arbitrary, philosophical and that veterans' pensions will not be re­ The newly passed law is the so-called religious than scientiflc. Church amendment, added to the Public Congresspeople pay scrupulous attention duced by increased social security bene­ Health Service Act Extension by Sen. Frank to their mail, especially mall from individual fits and that our veterans will be able to Church of Idaho. The amendment says fed­ constitutents rather than obviously orga­ enjoy the :::tandard of living they so much eral funds may not be denied to hospitals nized campaigns. If any portion of that deserve. I strongly urge the House to act because they refuse to allow abortions or majority who favor abortion simply begin quickly and enact this bill. sterilizations on the basis of religious or saying so, Congress will find its backbone. moral beliefs. No magic formula. is necessary. Letters, While recognizing that no individual doc­ mall-grams, telegrams, calls and home dis­ tor, nurse or health care personnel can or trict visits have worked just fine for the CHILEAN BISHOPS ASK FOR RE­ should be required to participate in abor­ right-to-life campaign. They will work tions if they do not wish to, the ACLU equally well for those who want Congress SPECT, NOT REVENGE, IN COUP contends that hospitals which receive federal to support the Constitution and the Bill of AFTERMATH funds may not refuse to perform abortions. Rights. In a. third action, the National Biomedical Some groups fear they wlll lose their Research Fellowship, Tra.ineeship and Train­ tax-exempt status by writing. Yet there is HON. DONALD M. FRASER ing Act of 1973 was amended by anti-abor­ nothing to prevent each individual mem­ OF MINNESOTA tion forces to prohibit funds for research ber of a group from writing on his or her IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on live fetuses. Both this and the Legal own. No meeting should end without ma.k­ Services amendment were offered while the ing this point. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 bills were on the floor, thus preventing con­ sideration by the appropriate committees. Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, the over­ The ease with which this tactic worked throw of the Allende government in Chile shows how reluctant the Congress is to con­ has already led to grave internal strife in front abortion, and how vulnerable the EQUAL TREATMENT FOR VETERANS that former hardy South American re­ issue ls to misleading simpliflcation. public. On September 20, a resolution Many other bills have been proposed, in­ was introduced in the House calling on cluding one to amend the Social Security Act to prohibit Medicaid payments for abor­ HON. JOHN C. CULVER the new government to insure protection tions except in cases of medical necessity. OF IOWA of the rights of all persons present in Such bills will continue to be enacted as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Chile. The 26 Chilean bishops have now long as pro-abortion persons fall to contact asked the military rulers "to show re­ their congresspeople. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 spect rather than revenge for the fol­ STERILIZATION Mr. CULVER. Mr. Speaker, today I am lowers of ousted President Salvador Adding to the explosiveness of the issue joining sever£.! of my colleagues in spon­ Allende." I find this call for respect a ts the current controversy over the use of soring a bill to insure that veterans' pen­ useful contribution to the present tense federal funds for stermzation. Anti-abor­ sions will r..ot be reduced by increases in situation. I regret that the Chilean peo­ tion interests a.re capitalizing on this by social security benefits. ple have been denied knowledge of the coupling lt with abortion. Yet there is a Presently, social security benefits are bishops' statement. major difference: Groups like the ACLU, which support the right to abortion, are considered as income in determining eli­ The statement follows: outraged by recent instances of sterllization, gfoility for veterans' pensions. Because of CHILEAN BISHOPS ASK FOR LENIENCY, NOT not because they oppose sterilization, but be­ this, increases in social security benefits REVENGE, IN COUP AFTERMATH cause it had been ma.de compulsory. If a per­ have unfortunately led to a reduction in SANTIAGO, CHILE.-The 26 Chilean Catholic son gives knowledgeable consent to steriliza­ veterans' pens!Oli8. This policy of taking bishops asked the new nation's military tion, that is a. right, just as 1s abortion away with one hand what has been given rulers to show respect rather than revenge under the same circumstance. with the other has disastrous conse­ for the followers of ousted President Salva­ It must be kept in mind that the Supreme quences for veterans, many of whom rely dor Allende, a Marxist, in the aftermath of Court abortion decisions a.re consistent with their coup. the above position. No one can be forced solely upon social security and veterans' The strict censorship imposed by the junta to have an abortion. It is the right of those pensions for their income. banned the bishops' statement from radio who desire abortion to have it. Those who Our Iowa veterans, anC: those through­ and television newscasts. oppose abortion need not have it, but they out the Nation, have served America with "We hope that those who have fallen in may not impose their will on others by great courage, dedication, and in many battle and, especially ex-president Allende, denying them this right. cases, sacrifice. It is clearly not fitting will be duly respected. We ask moderation in It is worth reiterating that making abor­ that we reward their service to our Na­ what affects the defeated a.nd that there be tion illegal again will not stop abortion. It tion with such indifference. We must at no unnecessary reprisals; that considera­ never did. It will merely restore the practice this time give attention to the special tion be taken of the sincere idealism moti­ of millions of illegal abortions-many under vating the defeated; that there be an end problems that veterans face in civilian to hatred and that the hour of reconciliation back-alley conditions-that prevailed until life, particularly during their retirement recently, and that have been drastically re­ has arrived. We did what we could to avoid years. these violent events. The blood that has duced thanks to the Supreme Court rul­ reddened our streets, our neighborhoods, our ings. Outlawing abortions again will also Last year's 20-percent increase in social security benefits is one example of the factories--the blood of civilians and sol­ restore the discrimination between rich and diers--the tears of so many women and poor which enables those with money to effect that such a raise ha& on veterans' childl·en grieves and weighs enormously on limit their families, while the poor are de­ pensions. Although Congress intended to us. We hope that the social gains of the nied this choice. give all social security recipients the full workers will not be ignored but rather aug­ The question is not whether women will raise, veterans received less than half the rrented. We ask all Chileans to help restore September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31700 the gravely altered institutional order and worker out of every 7 would be part-time. talented women who because they can't find economic life of the country. We recommend But the rate of increase in part-time workers child care or have some commitments at that the Armed Forces remember their tra­ has been so great that the ratio of 1.7 was home can't work 40 hours a week from 9-5. ditional good sense, their humanistic and reached by the end of 1972, eight years ahead That part-time workers are "management democratic values." of the estimate. More than 12.5 million Amer­ bargains" has been the theme of most ican ,vorkers were part-timers at the end of evaluations which the increase of part-t ime last year, 5 million more than BLS found in workers has generated. Some of the advan­ 1963 when it began keeping those statistics. tages found were: HEARINGS ON FLEXIBLE HOURS The need for this legislation is demon­ Greater selectivity possible by the em­ strable on a number of grounds. First, it ployer; low turnover rates; lower fringe bene­ EMPLOYMENT ACT would increase the opportunity for the Fed­ fit rates; high productivity; greater m atur­ eral government to employ the skills, re­ ity-ability to organize, to make relation­ sources, talent and brain power of many ships to synthesize work; stronger motiva­ Hon. Yvonne Brathwaite Burke segments of the population that, because of tion, growing out of appreciation for main­ OF CALIFORNIA the current rigid syst em of employment prac­ taining skills. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tices, are denied that opportunity. The American Society for Public Admin­ Indeed, the President's Advisory Commit­ istration endorsed part-time work in private Wednesday, September 26, 1973 tee on the Economic Role of Women finds business as a source of specialized, high cali­ Mrs. BURKE of California. Mr. that the addition of these millions of women bre professionals. The Wall Street Journal Speaker, today Congresswoman BELLA to the labor market contributes significantly considered the advantages of part-time work­ ABZUG and I submitted testimony before to the national output as measured by gross ers as meriting a frontpage stor:- in March national product. While most of the bene­ of this year. The Russell Sage Foundation, the Senate Post Office and Civil Service fits of this additional output accrue to the the Radcliffe Institute, Harvard, St anford Committee on S. 2022 to provide in­ women who produce it and to their families, and Princeton are among institutions finding creased employment opportunity by ex­ there are direct benefits to society at large, the use of part-time women of value. J oh n ecutive agencies of the U.S. Government including the taxes paid on women's earn­ Kenneth Galbraith in his recent book Eco­ for persons unable to work standard ings. nomics and. the Public Purpose stat es un­ working hours. We have introduced a If we had a meaningful system of flexible equivocally that there should be great er flexi­ companion bill, H.R. 9109, which already hours, using the definitions that I have pro­ bility in work hours to allow more sharing b y has 19 cosponsors, and are hopeful that vided, more women-especially women with husband and wife of family chores. Finally, children, the handicapped and the elderly, almost 24,000 workers responded to the sur­ it will receive hearings in the House Post would have a chance to work for the Federal vey in which 21,683 were in favor of a flexible Office and Civil Service Committee in government. hours program by supporting a four-day, 40 the near future. The problem of talented women with chil­ hour workweek. I believe that these hearings and this dren who would like to return to work is Let me briefly mention at least four ot her statement are of sufficient importance great. segment s of the working force population of the Members of this body as to merit Skilled professional pa.rt-time workers are that could benefit from such a program. The insertion in the RECORD. The statement usually women. Those men who have part­ talents of t he handicapped are lost to the time jobs are generally students or older Federal government for a variety of reasons, follows: men. Many more women want to work part­ including prejudice, and often architecture, JOINT STATEMENT BY CONGRESSWOMAN time but cannot find jobs. The unemploy­ but one of the problems that groups repre­ BELLA ABZUG AND YVONNE BRATHWAITE ment rate in 1971 for women with young senting the handicapped have expressed to BURKE BEFORE THE SENATE POST OFFICE AND children was almost 12 % , close to three me, ls the problem that the handicapped have CIVIL SERVICE COMMITTEE ON SEPTEM­ times the rate of other married women, a in competing with the crush of people during BER 26, 1973, REGARDING S. 2022 To PRO­ condition which is costly to the women, their the rush-hour. Adoption of this measure VIDE INCREASED EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY families, and the Nation. could add this large group to the federal BY EXECUTIVE AGENCIES OF THE U.S. GOV­ Some 35 million women workers represent work force in significant numbers. ERNMENT FOR PERSONS UNABLE TO WORK 43 % of the nation's work force. These work­ St udents could more easily work for the STANDARD WORKING HOURS, AND FOR OTHER ers have 5 million pre-school age children. I Federal Government and federal employees PURPOSES don't have to go into detail with you about could more easily pursue advanced degrees Mr. Chairman, let me first explain that I the grossly inadequate number of quality or specialized training. People who are t hink­ am today presenting a joint statement not child-care facilities available or even the in­ ing of retiring from the Federal services only on my own behalf but on behalf of equities in the child care deduction now al­ might think about working longer, giving us Congresswoman Yvonne Burke of California, lowed within the income tax system. Let me the benefit of their experience, if they could who has joined with me in sponsoring give you an example from a letter I received: reduce their number of hours, Another seg­ H.R. 9109, the Flexible Hours Employment "For the past six years, I have been a civil ment of the population that would benefit Act. However, because of illness in her fam­ servant and for the past four years of this from this program are men. Men who are lly, she can not be here. Let me also explain time have worked for the Office of Child De­ considering the responsibilities of child­ that I will try to be brief because of my velopment, Department of Health, Education rearing and would like to assume a greater commitments to the deliberations about to and Welfare in Dallas, Texas. I whole­ share of that responsibility could opt for commence in the other body. heartedly support this legislation for several part icipation in this program. What this Committee is considering may reasons. But this year, I am particularly in­ Within the Federal Government there prove in the future to be one of the most terested since I will become a mother for the have been some experiments with part-time important pieces of legislation to be pro­ first time in December. workers-mostly women in the AEC, De­ posed in this or any other Congress. The "While the Federal regulations presently partment of Labor, HUD, Peace Corps, Na­ concept of flexible hours employment per­ are quite liberal compared to most private in­ tional Science Foundation and the Veterans haps should be defined at the outset as I dustry, they are rigid. For instance, you are Administration. But there are Inherent im­ and Representative Burke and the 19 co­ allowed a period of absence for maternity pediments within the Federal Government's sponsors of H.R. 9109 understand it. It is reasons of about 14 weeks-'6 weeks before employment policies which have retarded its basically a two-part definition. expected date of delivery and 8 weeks after development. Why hasn't the government The first involves part-time employment. actual delivery, unless an operating agency moved ahead in this critical area? That is generally understood to mean less head establishes by regulation that a longer According to a very thorough report of the than the normal 40 hour work week. This period of incapacitation is normal in his HEW Women's Program: The answer seems could mean either less hours per day for five agency for types of positions of a strenuous to lie in the budget process and employ­ days or less than 5 days a week employment. or physically exacting nature.' No provision ment ceiling controls which have created The second part of the definition would in­ is made for part-time work during this pe­ an artificial dichotomy between full-time volve breaking the normal pattern of the riod-it is an 'all or nothing at all' situation. and part-time employment--a dichotomy 9 to 5 work day. This alone can produce "Many women would come back to work which need not persist if the facts are under­ some very interesting results that I will go sooner if they were allowed to work on1v stood. into in a moment. part-time. And this makes sense. I have ob­ These controls have emphasized full-time Part-time workers comprise an increas­ served that many women come back to work employment and given little attention to ingly important proportion of the Nation's full-time only to find themselves exhausted part-time. The effect has been to focus man­ workforce, supplying trained manpower in their new dual role of mother and worker. agement attention on full-time with no in­ needs. In 1967, 6 million women worked part­ If they were allowed to ease back into their centive to establish and maintain an time out of choice. Three million of them workday which would allow adjustment to optimum employment mix. worked part-time year round. In a 16-year their work schedule at home also, all sides period ( 1950-66) the full-time labor force would benefit". Does it work? increased by 20 percent, and the part-time But with a little help from the Federal gov­ Yes. It has been successful in private in­ workforce by 69 percent. The proportion of ernment-with the help provided by a broad dustry where it is being used. Let me give women in the part-time labor force increased flexible hours program-we can upgrade the you a few examples. In a recent (September by 79 percent. effic iency of current Federal employees who 10) article in Newsweek a Vice-President ot In 1967, BLS estimated that by 1980 one might opt for flexi-hours positions, attract Hewlett-Packard, which recently converted 31710 EXTENSIONS OF REMARK& September 26, 1973 its 15,000 employees to flexible hours said, him a copy of their letters; over 80 % of the larly scheduled airline service of this coun­ "I now have people from 7 a.m to 5:30 pm." carrier's managers have responded. try. Do not be taken in by the proposition Still quoting from Newsweek, "Executives that all Americans would be able to travel say the system virtually eliminates tardiness, In this regard, I understand the presi­ more cheaply on tours both domestic and in­ cuts absenteeism a.nd boosts morale.... " Let dents of the various scheduled airlines ternational as ls done in Europe. As a. result me just cite some other American companies are also writing every member of their of this type of flying authority in Europe, that have adopted this system: Nestle, Oc­ VIP clubs, and having their sales repre­ scheduled service is 50-100% more costly cidental Life of California., Lufthansa. Ger­ sentatives approach city officials and than similar U.S. service. In addition, the man Airlines, a.nd Metropolitan Life. travel agents, in an effort to generate service is not nearly as frequent or reliable There is a. subsidiary point that should be even more support for their cause. or extensive. Even so, the only way sched­ raised at this time. I a.m sure that in your uled service is possible in Europe under this considerations of the Civil Service in general Now, Mr. Speaker, every Member of system is because most of the scheduled air­ you have come a.cross the problem of getting the House and the Senate has been sub­ lines operate in controlled pools. the civil service to serve the people. Com­ jected to a mail campaign of this type at Senator, there is far more at stake than an plaints a.bout government agencies, especially one time or another. It is part of our increase in low cost air transportation. I those that deal with the public, being opened democratic process. That is not what strongly urge you to oppose this legislation. only from 9-5, 5 days a. week. People com­ troubles me. What bothers me is the fac­ Sincerely, plain about having to miss their own work tual inaccuracy of the information being F. C. WISER, Jr. to take care of some problem with the gov­ Air ernment. If we had a flexible hours program distributed by the Transport Associ­ U.S. SENATE, it is possible that we can open the doors of ation and the airlines in their efforts to COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, the agencies before 9 and keep them open defeat this piece of legislation. Washington, D.C., Sept. 21, 1973. after 5. Accordingly, when my colleagues ask Mr. F. C. WISER, Jr., With the adoption of this proposal we can for background material, I have referred President, Trans World Airlines, increase productivity and efficiency in gov­ them to the Senate's Committee on Com­ New York, N.Y. erment, open the work force to groups that merce report, and Senator CANNON'S DEAR MR. WISER: This will acknowledge a.re excluded and increase the government's statement in the September 11, 1973, is­ your letter of September 13 regarding S. 1739. contact with the people it serves. I am deeply disappointed by the kind of sue of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD at tactics your letter represents because it im­ page3 Sl6226-S16228, since our own plies that I, as a sponsor of and the manager Committee on Interstate and Foreign for the bill, do not have any concern for a Commerce has not yet had an oppor­ strong, healthy scheduled airline industry. ONE-STOP ITC CHARTER LEGISLA­ tunity to consider our bill, H.R. 8750. l As the president of one of the largest air­ TION, S. 1739 AND H.R. 8570 hope that anyone who is interested in lines you should know that is not true. these two bills will take time to read I am amazed at how the scheduled airlines Senator CANNON'S remarks. continue to compete vigorously over the HON. JOHN E. MOSS twenty percent or so of Ainerica.ns who ca.n In addition, I ask unanimous consent· afford to use air transportation but ignore OF CALIFORNIA to insert in the RECORD for the further the other · eighty percent whose economic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES information and interest of my col­ means presently make them unable to take Wednesday, September 26, 1973 leagues two letters recently exchanged advantage of air travel. I a.m interested in between Mr. F. C.

Virtually every scrap iron and steel proces­ vestlgated from two time !rame&-the short terials in steelmaklng; and thst a greater in­ sing facllity in the nation is designed around run and the long run. crease in scrap rates relative to ore rates rail tracks for the out-bound movement of In the short run, Battelle finds the freight could retard the movement of recyclable iron processed ferrous scrap. There are two basic rate differential results 1ri a $4.21 higher cost and steel scrap. reasons for this "captivity" to the rails: than necessary to produce a ton of steel Thus.. the railroad metallurgist and the The consumer (steel mill) generally re­ using purchased scrap as the raw material. scrap industry metallurgist were in agree­ quires inbound shipments of prepared scrap This is approximately 6% of the total cost ment before the ICC that metallurgical to move via. rail because his facllity also is ($69-$74) of ma.king a. ton of steel. The competition exists. Therefore, the freight designed around rail tracks. effect is to create an artificial increase in cost rates for the competing products should be Rail movement reduces the consumer's for the steelmaker when he utilizes the sec­ properly related. Wrong, according to the ICC. potential safety and security problems, as ondary material-purchased scrap. As an In its report in Ex Pa.rte 281 the Commission well as providing time to inspect the scrap economic matter, the freight rate discourages states, "We see no Justification for requiring (all scrap is sold subject to mill inspection) the recycling of metallic solid waste and en-. that increases on fe:irous scrap be ma.de sub­ and to either charge it directly into the courages the use of irreplaceable natural ject to the maximum per ton limitation ap­ furnace or to unload it near the melting resources. plicable on ore. Ferrous scrap ... does not area.. (Railroads permit the holding of ca.rs The long-run effect, which concerns itself directly compete with iron ore in the steel­ for 48 hours without charge, while trucks with the impact of the freight rate on the making process ..." There was no apparent must generally be released almost immedi­ decision to invest in new scrap intensive recognition in the Commission's order of the ately, or detention will be charged.) furnaces, is equally devastating. Battelle's cross-examination o! the railroad metal­ However, when a scrap processor has viable research indicates that the rate differential lurgist who admitted that competition does options as to the mode of transport, he, as in this case results in a. decrease in the rate exist. is true of virtually all other shippers, ex­ of return of approximately 1 %/year for the The ICC ignored and refuted the sworn ercises this freedom of choice to obtain the life of the steelmaking furnace. This could testimony of experts; no competent metallur­ best service for a reasonable price. Illustra­ mean the loss of mllUons of dollars for new gist has ever denied the direct interchange­ tive of this point is the fact thwt the scrap furnaces being considered because of the dis­ ability of scrap and iron ore. But, the ICC processor has converted the major share of criminatory freight rates. does not agree. The Commission denied that inbound service for the movement of un­ General conclusions of the Ba.ttelle re­ scrap and ore compete; it failed to see the re­ prepared scrap to his processing plant from search study a.re: lationship betwen discriminatory rates .and rail to truck. Present scrap markets a.re retarded because the negative environmental impact. What is Nevertheless, rail movement of prepared of transport rates which encourage the usage extremely difficult to understand a.bout the scrap is the norm !or both shipper (scrap of iron ore. Commission's decision was that it denied a processor) and receiver (steel mill). It Is Future scrap markets are being affected portion of the r.allroad's proposed increase on the forced dependence on the railroads­ because new investment that would be log.1- other secondary materials, while allowing the ca.ptivtty-that has created an atmosphere cally directed to scrap intensive steelmaking full increase on iron a.nd steel scrap. It is which allows the railroads, through their is diverted because of the existing freight totally illogical that the- ICC did not apply pricing policies, to establish freight rates rate structure to ore-intensive steelma.king. the same recognition of environment.al im­ which discriminate against the movement of Iron ore ( a limited domestic natural re­ pact to ferrous scrap as was applied to non­ ferrous scrap and encourage the movement of source) is being exploited when it can and ferrous scrap .and waste pa.per or textiles, for iron ore. should be conserved. example. "Iron units" are required to make new Some scrap iron that should be recycled steel. They must come from either a primary Concerning nonf.errous metals, the ICC is unable to move; thus, the environment is said, the "holddown here imposed should en­ source, iron ore, or a secondary source, scrap despoiled by unnecessary accumulations of iron. Whether the steelmaker uses scrap or courage the movement and recycling of these solid metallic waste. commodities," and "will also have .a beneficial ore is a decision based upon the compara­ ICC PROCEEDINGS tive costs associated with new steel ma.de effect upon the environment." The Institute from the competing commodities, and trans­ There should be no doubt that the current agrees. portation is an important cost element in position of the Interstate Commerce Commis­ However, in the case of iron and steel the comparison. The point is, iron ore and sion and the nation's railroads has penalized scrap, the Commission states "the increase steel scrap a.re interchangeable-one or the and continues to penalize severely the proces­ authorized herein will not inhibit the move­ other or a percentage of ea.ch is used to make sor and consumer of iron and steel scrap. Al­ ment of ferrous refuse such as abandoned new steel. though at times the ICC has expressed an un­ automobiles and refrigerators (and) accord­ The Institute repeatedly has brought to derstanding of the problem, in the three ingly, we foresee no adverse effect on the the Commission's attention the negative im­ general rate increase proceedings prior to Ex quality of the human environment resulting pact that discriminatory freight rates have Pa.rte 281, "Increased Freight Rates and from our approval," in essence, that was the on the environment, since metallic solid Charges, 1972," the Commission concluded Commission's concluding environmental im­ waste is forced to pay a disproportionately that ferrous scrap and iron ore do not com:. pact statement. But more than this is re­ higher shipping charge. Although scrap iron. pete directly and .authorized increases which quired under the National Environmental and iron ore can be used interchangeably by widened the existing rate disparity between Policy Act (NEPA). the steelmaker, the railroads have denied the two commodities. REACTION TO RATE DISCRIMINATION and continue to deny that these two com­ Again, in Ex Pa.rte 281, the Institute re­ Russell E. Train, Chairman of the Presi­ modities are direct competitive inputs to the quested the Commission to acknowledge dent's Council on Environmental Quality steelmaking process; and because scrap ship­ metallurgical competition and the negative ( CEQ), writes, "Economics are clearly the pers a.re captive to the railroads, the carriers impact on the environment in a st.atement of limiting factor to increased waste use-not have found it possible to establish freight protest. The Institute's statement was accom­ technology. Recycling will not increase, but rates that are unreasonable and unjust. panied by a presentation of T. M. Barnes, au­ decrease, if its cost exceeds the costs of other BATl'ELLE STUDY thor of the Battelle research study. His report alternatives." And yet, the ICC says that w.a.s submitted as a part of his sworn state­ In 1971, the Institute, hoping to demon­ their action will have "no adverse effect on ment to the Commission. the quality of the human environment." strate metallic competition once and for all, The Institute requested the same maxi­ contracted with Ba.ttelle Memorial Institute The day following release of the ICC deci­ {Columbus, Ohio), one of the leading metal­ mum rate increase of 22¢ per ton for scrap sion, Samuel Hale, Jr., deputy assistant ad­ lurgical research firms in the world, to do a iron as proposed for iron ore by the railroads ministrator for solid waste programs, federal study on "The Impact of Railroad Freight so as to not widen the already discriminatory Environmental Protection Agency, in a dis­ Rates on the Recycling of Ferrous Scrap." gap in rates as would occur under the rail­ cussion on freight rates, was quoted as say­ More than one third of the report is dedicated road's proposal. For the first time in recent ing, "it is frustrating. It's ha.rd to get the to documentation showing the direct com­ proceedings before the ICC, the railroads sub­ ICC to recognize, or even study, the possibil­ petition between iron ore and scrap. Battelle mitted a sworn statement by a metallurgist. ity of any inequity in freight rates." R. states that "direct competition between vir­ (In other proceedings railroad traffic experts Thomas Wilson, senior vice-president of the gin and recycled metallics is a fa.ct of admittedly with no met.a.llurgical compe­ American Iron and Steel Institute, has said steelmaking." tence would, under cross-examination, say on numerous occasions that the recycling of According to Battelle, scrap iron rates that to the best of their knowledge, competi­ tin cans could be more effective if the rec should only be approximately 1 Y:z times tion did not exist. This testimony, under would revise freight rates to encourage re­ higher than rates on iron ore, (not the 2Y:z oath, was valueless; they had no knowledge cycling secondary materials. times found in the rate structure) on the of metallurgy, but unfortunately, their opin­ Just prior to the increased rates becoming basis of metallurgical competition (iron ions were accepted by the ICC.) effective on iron and steel scrap, the Com­ content of the two commodities: average The railroad metallurgist attempted to dis­ mission announced that the new rates ap­ 9_o% for ferrous scrap and 60% for iron ore). credit the Battelle report and to perpetuate proved in Ex Pa.rte 281. were being suspended Battelle develops the effect of the freight the myth that scrap iron and iron ore do not until June 10, 1973, pending a further study rate differential on decisions ma.de by steel­ compete. However, under cross-examination, of the environmental impact of the proposed makers who have the alternative of specify­ the railroad metallurgist agreed (.as any rate increases on recyclable commodities. ing the amount of scrap they will use in the competent metallurgist would) that iron ore: Following letters of protest from CEQ, EPA, making of new steel. The problem was in- and scrap iron are interchangeable raw m.a- the Institute, and others, the Commission September 26, · 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31725 undertook to comply fully with NEPA and NEW YEAR, 5734 In addition there has been a tremen­ prepare an environmental impact statement in the spirit of the law's intent. dously increased awareness by the Industry and government leaders who are American people of the problems of the HON. MARIO BIAGGI Soviet Jew and the need for U.S. action. in a position to know, have publicly stated OF NEW YORK that the discrimination problem exists and Large numbers of people have indicated should be corrected. It would seem that only IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to their elected representatives their the ICC needs to be convinced of these facts. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 strong opposition to the continuing re­ The study which the Commission is now con­ pressive tractics of the Soviet Union. ducting provides the vehicle for the regula­ Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, at sunset tory body to take a significant step forward tonight, millions of Jews throughout the This demonstration has made it impera­ in Ex Parte 281 for the betterment of the en­ world will mark the start of the new tive for the President to make any fur­ vironment. year, 5734. The celebration of Rosh ther economic agreements with the Rus­ As markets for metallic solid waste con­ Hashonah inaugurates 10 days of penti­ sians contingent on receiving assurances tinue to dwindle because of the transporta­ nence closing with a day of atonement. that the Soviets will begin to respect the tion function's lack of responsiveness to the rights of the Jewish people in their na­ needs of this industry, the waste continues The year 5734 has been highlighted by both accomplishments and tragedies for tions, and relent on their archaic emigra­ to accumulate. What has occurred and what tion policies. still continues in the steelmaking market is the Jewish community. This is an appro­ intolerable and incorrect. The competition priate time to review some of the year's As we begin the year 5734 let us conti­ between ferrous metallic sources is a fact, it major events. nue to commit ourselves to the cause of is provable; the distortion brought about by This past year has been a good one for freedom for the Soviet Jew. Let us also discriminatory freight rates must cease. American-Israel relations. Our ties with strive to prevent other nations from en­ Yet, it is not enough to state that these the Israelis have become stronger in spite gaging in similar tactics. And above all, are the facts. Too many months and years let me wish to all members of the Jewish have passed without progress beyond mere of the increased volume of Arab threats. The coming year will be a further test of community the hope that the upcoming rhetoric. The nation requires more than year is one of peace, prospertity, and moral support of these positions: the nation the durability of American-Israeli ties. requires a concerted act ion by all involved With the Arabs renewing their "oil happiness for all. To them I say L' shana to overcome this inherent bias that is hav­ blackmail diplomacy" there are many tova. ing marked, serious, and inexcusable effects who, sensing a significant energy short­ on the well-being of each and every citizen. age in this country, are urging us to ap­ Every time an abandoned auto hulk mars A FRESH APPROACH TO INTE­ the countryside or a city street, every t ime a pease the Arabs by moderating our poli­ GRATED HOUSING refrigerator or dishwasher is thrown into the cies with them. This is not the answer. dump and not recycled, every time perfectly Instead of sacrificing our important ties acceptable and valuable iron is buried or with Israel let us instead undertake a hidden or covered or somehow removed from major commitment to develop alterna­ HON. CHARLES W. WHALEN, JR. view, waste occurs. And such wast e cannot tive energy sources; that is, the Alaskan OF OHIO continue forever. pipeline-so as to limit our dependency IN THE HOUSE OF REPRE~ENTATIVES There is far more at stake than the exis­ tence of the iron and steel scrap processing on the Arab world for oil. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 The year 5734 also saw a milestone for industry. The impact of the actions and deci­ Mr. WHALEN. Mr. Speaker, in light sions of the railroad industry and the Inter­ the Jewish community with the appoint­ state Commerce Commission must be ma.de ment of Dr. Henry Kissinger as the 56th of the President's message on housing to reflect these greater parameters. Secretary of State. This represented the which was recently submitted to the highest governmental appointment of a House, I would like to bring to the at­ Jew in the history of the United States. tention of my colleagues an article from Dr. Kissinger, in his previous role as the September 15, 1973, issue of the New WE NEED A MINIMUM WAGE BILL chief foreign policy adviser to the Presi­ Republic entitled "Racially Changing dent was the architect of our peace Neighborhoods." agreements in both Vietnam and Cam­ The author, Charles Hammer, dis­ HON. JOHN N. ERLENBORN bodia. He is eminently qualified to serve cusses approaches which are being, and OF ILLINOIS as the Secretary of State, and he brings can be, used to halt continual racial neighborhood turnovers. He refers to ef­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to the State Department an unprece­ dented level of knowledge and experi­ forts by city and suburban government. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 ence. Dr. Kissinger will most assuredly as well as those of interested individual Mr. ERLENBORN. Mr. Speaker, 1 week pursue a foreign policy dedicated to the citizens. In detail, Mr. Hammer reviews has passed since the House voted to sus­ protection of the rights and freedoms of the plan to disperse low and moderate tain the President's veto of the minimum the Israeli people against the hostile at­ income housing which is being imple­ wage bill (H.R. 7935). tack of its enemies. mented in my congressional district-­ Three weeks have passed since we However, whatever accomplishments Dayton, Ohio, and the surrounding com­ received the veto message. the Jewish community achieved in the munities. It's time we forget the rhetoric and year 5733, they have been largely over­ Mr. Hammer's observations are most remember we are a part of a representa­ shadowed by the continuing plight of timely, and I believe they will be helpful tive form of government. That means we the Soviet Jews. Life for the Soviet Jew to my colleagues and me in studying the should be able to resolve our differences, continues to one of both persecution President's proposals. and there is no issue more compelling and violence, as well as the inability to A FRESH APPROACH TO INTEGRATED HOUSING­ than a new minimum wage bill by which emigrate freely. Yet Russia is not the only RACIALLY CHANGING N EIGHBORHOODS we can demonstrate our ability to find nation where Jewish people have suf­ (By Charles Hammer) middle ground. Finding middle ground fered the pains of persecution. Nations Once upon a time it was the big thing for ought not be impossible if our common such as Iraq, have demonstrated in the white idea.lists to demonstrate brotherhood goal is better pay for unskilled workers. past year, an equally callous disregard by moving their families into a racially Twelve of us last week went the extra for the rights of the Jewish population in changing neighborhood. And almost invari­ mile by introducing H.R. 10458. This bill their country. ably they soon found themselves the last is before the General Subcommittee on whites in an otherwise all-black neighbor­ Yet, the year 5733 saw some significant hood, a situation no more "natural" than Labor which produced the vetoed bill and inroads in the United States' recognition its all-white opposite. So the rest of us which has nothing more urgent than of the Soviet Jewish problem. Most im­ caught on (me included) and joined the H.R. 10458 on its agenda. portantly, this past year I and 285 of my flight to the stable suburbs. I am here to We know the issues, so we do not need fellow colleagues joined as cosponsors of argue that despite all the sweat and seeming hearings. All we need is a spirit of the Mills-Vanik Freedom of Emigration futility, those sweet idealists were dead right: compromise and a call for a meeting Act to the Trade Reform Act of 1973 Try imaginatively to put yourself in one from our chairman (Mr. DENT). We find which will make the granting of most~ such racially changing neighborhood of Kan­ it hard to understand his continued fail­ sas City, Missouri, where I have written as a. favored-nation status to the Soviet Union newspaperman for more than a decade. Like ure to schedule a meeting to report a bill dependent on their lifting their ban on hundreds of similar city neighborhoods in on this important topic. emigration. the '40s it was mod.est, attractive, separated 31726 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS. September 26, 1973 physically from the jammed black ghetto ghetto pushes eastward into Prince Georges Government would then pay substantial only by one street. For years racial covenants County, the Cleveland ghetto expands tenta­ bonuses---0all them "open city" payments-­ in deeds had prevented the crossing of that tively into DeKalb County, the Baltimore for home purchases there by qualified fam­ street. Then, as 1950 approached, the US Su­ ghetto begins its break westward into Balti­ ilies whose presence tends to reverse the preme Court declared those covenants un­ more County. The pattern of ghetto forma­ trend. This would almost always mean pay­ enforceable and the ghetto began expanding tion and expansion holds even in suburbs ing whites to fill vacancies in changing neigh­ southward. Real estate brokers and mortgage such as Media, Chester and Darby outside borhoods near the black ghetto. The more bankers cooperated to prevent any scattering Philadelphia, Maywood west of Chicago, controversial obverse side of that notion that might have resulted in permanently in­ Grandview outside Indianapolis. would have government reward families tegrated neighborhoods. Block after block All this would be fine if blacks wanted whose purchases integrated a neighborhood was emptied of whites to be filled with compact, fortress neighborhoods that could where their race was in a specifled, tiny blacks. be defended in race war-and if whites minority and where there was no future So swift and chaotic was the change at wanted handy concentration camps that danger of racial turnover. This would he posi­ times that the ratio of black children in one could be ringed with wire in emergencies. tive encouragement for black purchases in elementary school soared from 25 to 65 per­ But even die-hard racists on each side don't the suburbs and-for that matter-white cent in a single year. Physical deterioration want that. Yet that is what we have and purchases in the heart of the ghetto. Some started when whites saw the wave coming, for are getting more of. such scheme would create new white buyers they suspended all maintenance of prop­ Racial turnover begins anew tomorrow and for the changing neighborhood, stop the drop erty. The early black arrivals-middle class continues forever. But not if citizens orga­ in values, stiffen resistance by the old resi­ and nearly always better educated than ex­ nize to stop it. It will take more than the dents and push black families into outlying isting white residents-£truggled to keep up old liberal appeals to human decency, how­ areas. their homes. It is no reflection on them to ever. Needed now are appeals to interest, This pattern of dispersal-the pattern of say property values plummeted, since the appeals to black and Chicano families weary i=m integrated society-already is emerging. market was glutted with homes put up for of neighborhood turbulence, to middle-class It may be clearest outside Washington, D.C. sale by desperate whites. The wave contin­ and working-class whites whose neighbor­ where more than half of the 460 elementary ued, bringing poor blacks from the inner hoods are threatened by turnover, to subur­ schools in suburban districts showed per­ city. ban whites willing to accept integration if centage increases in black enrollment even Here we created-are still creating-the it comes with a guarantee against their before 1969. Chicago suburbs such as Skokie, worst possible situation for the neighbor­ greatest fear, racial turnover. We need to Highland Park and Park Forest exhibit the hood meeting of the races. Even poor black shift bla.ck buying out of the changing neigh­ same pattern, as do a few areas in nearly all families would have responded better in a borhood into stable, outlying areas where of the nation's metropolitan areas. stable community where old residents could scattered purchases by blacks will cause no The ghetto and changing neighborhood are have monitored them with a critical eye. panic. Here is the rallying cry: "Stop resegre­ one market, divided up among black real They came instead to neighborhoods in dis­ gation. Keep East Cleveland integrated. estate brokers and certain white brokers. order, and they were treated to a destructive (Make it Prince Georges County or Media or Outlying neighborhoods are another, serrn::l vision of themselves as the pariahs who had Maywood.) Open cities everywhere." largely by a separate group of brokers, al­ caused it. "The thing I dread," said a black In nearly every area undergoing turnover most all white. Black families usually find judge, "is when I have to explain to my little there are organizations, usually interraciai, their way voluntarily or are steered to brok­ girl about that kind of thing. That's a cut­ which can be uceful--Senena Hills Neighbors ers of the first group-a fact that predeter­ ting thing for a parent to have to tell a in a Chicago suburb, the former Dayton View mines the housing they will be shown. But child." Stabilization Project in Dayton, Ohio, South interesting things happen when the dual Whites who might have been willing to DeKalg Neighbors near Atlanta. Such groups housing market is cracked-when a broker accept integration were never offered a need alliances in outlying white neighbor­ with access to black buyers gets listings in choice. They could flee or prepare to live in a hoods. Many have found them in the fair all-white neighborhoods. A pair of black virtually all-black neighborhood. Courageous housing councils that have sprung up across brokers in Kansas City, Kansas put together resistance in the name of understanding in­ the country. Blacks can make common cause such an effort in the mid-1960s and lightly variably proved useless, since there was no with whites in the changing neighborhood integrated the formerly all-white west side metropolitan plan which might have made only when the purpose clearly is not simply of that city. In 1966 one of the two, Donald such gestures successful. the exclusion of blacks. The charge that Sewing, bought a home for himself in the In the wake of neighborhood turnover has whites in the changing area only want to nearly all-white bedroom suburban area of come most of Kansas City's other urban move blacks elsewhere can be blunted best by Johnson County, Kansas. Since then he has problems - loan foreclosures, widespread suburban whites eager for new black neigh­ negotiated sale of more than 40 homes there housing abandonment, new slums, sharp de bors. to black families, making a conscious effort facto school segregation and a black pupil Such alliances should demand for the to scatter them. ratio that has now soared beyond 50 percent. changing neighborhood its share and more of The force of such adroit personal effort In 1950 no Kansas City census tract in city services. If economies are to be made can hardly be overestimated. In 1965 Dorothy which the population was more than 24 per­ in garbage collection, housing, law enforce­ Davis, a white housewife from an outlying cent black extended south of 31st Street. In ment, city beautification, they should be Kansas City neighborhood, began to wonder 1970 one tract with a population 39 percent made by neighborhoods without the worst why FHA-foreclosed homes in all-white black reached south to 77th. Between lay fiv~ problems. The changing area must be first on neighborhoods were never sold to blacks. She miles of neighborhoods, some virtually all the list for tree-planting, city-financed street learned that on mar~et day, when black black now, the rest still changing. In 20 years improvements, park recreation programs and brokers called in to bid, they were always told some 67,000 whites--equal to almost one­ high-quality moderate-income housing. It the house was already sold. So Mrs. Davis fifth of the city's entire 1950 white popula­ should be last on the list as a site for low­ bought one herself, proving in the process tion-left Southeast Kansas City. income housing. It must be protected by city that the FHA managing broker had been Much has been said about the white flight ordinances against blockbusting and the real "pre-selling" these homes to whites before to the suburbs. Little has been said or done estate "for sale" signs that tend to increase they officially went on the market. She car­ about its origins, which lie here, in the anxiety. ried the story to a newspaper. Suddenly the changing neighborhood. Kansas City may be When racial change in housing begins, foreclosed homes began to sell to black considered among a lucky few: its ratio of citizens should demand of their school board families. black citizens grew only from 12 percent in that the schools change more slowly or not Her work. underlines the necessity for citi­ 1950 to 22 percent in 1970. Consider the con­ at all. Switching individual school boundaries zen scrutiny of federal housing agencies such sequences in Chicago, where the comparable a rew blocks often can prevent the swift as FHA and the Vetern.ns Administration. figures are 14 and 33 percent; Philadelphia, change in school population that frightens Fonner HUD Secretary George Romney 18 and 34 percent; Detroit, 16 and 44 per­ white families. Busing can accomplish more, startled these fusty organizations with new cent; or Washington, DC, 35 and 71 percent. and busing to stop turnover is far more likely guidelines that helped put some federally It is a mathematical axiom that as a circle to be tolerated by whites than busing for subsidized housing for low- and moderate­ expands the area of isolation inside grows integration. income families in the suburbs. Inept admin­ faster than the line of contact around its The city-suburban alliance could also istration cost the nation much of the good circumference. No surprise, then, that the awaken local government to new options. Romney sought-. But there is still oppor­ American metropolis is more segregated than One idea being discussed by certain city plan­ tunity for citizens to make something out of ever. In 1950 only one-fourth of Kansas ners woUld help the changing neighborhood the remnants of the Romney era. City's blacks lived in neighborhoods more by guaranteeing every resident the return of In few places a.round the nation has the than 90 percent black. In 1970 nearly hal! his home investment there. By easing fears trend toward integration taken shape as well lived in such areas. Chicago's principal segre­ that homes will lose value, the plan would as in Dayton, Ohio. The first question to gating yea.rs: cam.e between 1.920, when none take countless houses off the market, bolster­ be settled by the Miami Valley Regional ef the city's blacks lived in tracts more than ing prices sufficiently that the cash outlay Planning Commission there was whether dis­ 90 percen_t black, and 1950, when 67 percent might be relatively small. persal of low-income housing was necessary did. Another plan calls for administrators to and right. The staff of the five-county com­ The segregation o-f cities is becoming seg­ define neighborhoods likely to undergo racial mission studied the problem for more than regation of suburbs as the Washington DC turnover-white to black, black to white. a year and in 1970 answered, "Yes." The staff September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31727 proposed a plan for building 14,000 federally percent merely agreed-a total of 61 percent During the first session of the last Con­ subsidized housing units for low- and mod­ on the integration side. Asked whether sub­ gress, the House passed another version of a erate-income families. The units were to be sidized apartments should be built only in CPA. That vote of 344 to 44 belied an unusual dispersed on a formula almost the reverse of Dayton or scattered into suburbs as well, ly bitter and confused debate. A filibuster past practice: the richer the community, the 81 percent of Dayton residents-not sur­ in the Senate la.st year, however, killed all richer and less crowded the schools, the prisingly--said they should be scattered. But hopes of creating a CPA during the 92d Con­ fewer families of low income, the more low­ 69 percent of the suburban people also voted gress. and moderate-income housing that suburb for scattering. I am confident that we can go the final was assigned. The member cities and coun­ "It's a natural thing for people to be pro­ lap during this 93d Congress. We have three ties on the commission approved the plan vincial and protective and frightened," says bills before us that give the Subcommittee 30--0. Virtually no subsidized housing had Joe Wine, "particularly when there is no an excellent start, H.R. 14 by Congressman been built before in the metropolitan area public ethic. Conversely, if people can be Rosenthal and others; the bill that passeu outside Dayton. Today 800 units are com­ hrought to understand the rightness, the es­ the House in 1971 (for which I voted), H.R. pleted or under construction outside Dayton, sential rightness-witness what Miami Val­ 21 by Chairman Holifield, Congressman Hor­ and another 2700 a.re in process. In Dayton ley has done-people can be matured to un­ ton and others; and H.R. 564 by Congressman itself another 1800 units have been completed derstand moral purpose. That's why the work Fuqua and myself. or under construction, with 665 others on the we've been involved in is so exciting." DANGERS TO BE A VOIDED way. All are scattered and well away from the ghetto. Make no mistake about it, though, the Dale Bertsch, Miami Valley executive di­ tarnished history of the CPA bills shows that rector, says the major reason for the accept­ CONSUMER PROTECTION AGENCY this concept can-if we let it--become con­ ance the plan has won is that people know troversial legislation of the worst type. each area gets its share of subsidized hous­ Fluttering under the provisions of these ing-no more. Miami Valley halted plans for HON. CLARENCE J. BROWN bills you'll find a bevy of Henny Pennies. a 465-unit project in Madison township, Some, who want no CPA, fear an explosion which is substantially integrated and lies di­ OF OHIO from any federal consumer advocacy; some, rectly in the path of northeastward black IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES who want an avenging angel, fear an im­ movement from Dayton. By opening them­ Wednesday, September 26, 1973 plosion unless we create a super agency. selves to racial integration, the Dayton Legislation of this type can make the best suburbs have gone far toward protecting Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, a of us paranoid, if we let it. After all, every­ themselves from racial turnover. week ago last Monday, the Subcommittee one has at the same time substantial con­ Not directly connected with the- Dayton on Legislation and Military Operations of sumer and producer interests. plan but one reason for its success is the the House Government Operations Com­ We all recognize that consumption and former Dayton View Stabilization Project, production are both part of the same con­ a city agency set up to battle racial turn­ mittee convened to begin a series of hear­ tinuous economic cycle upon which the over. Its first director, Joe Wine, is another ings on legislation proposed during the country's welfare is based. example of how personal weight can help 93d Congress to create an independent None of us wants to create an imbalance tip the scale. He left a job as department Consumer Protection Agency. As my col­ in this cycle; we want to correct an im­ store executive and later became a commu­ leagues know, this has been an issue un­ balance, taking care not to overcorrect. nity organizer of modest national reputation. der consideration in the House for over Given the tremendous sensitivity of the While leading Dayton View, he helped con­ 4 years. CPA's missi-0n-a mission that will affect vince Dayton citizens that only by opening There are currently three major pro­ regulation of our entire economy-a certain the suburbs could they prevent resegregation posals under consideration by the sub­ degree of Henny Pennyism is to be expected. of the city. We all have seen, however, that CPA para­ The Dayton plan is the flying prototype committee. My colleague Congressman noia is a communicable disease, one that of a machine that could be mass produced DoN FUQUA and I have cosponsored H.R. breeds at an alarming rate when cultured in across the nation, just as the locally devel­ 564, a bill identical to the compromise ignorance of the facts. oped Philadelphia plan or variants of it proposal which we introduced for review ROLE OF THE COMMITTEE were multiplied to increase minority em­ purposes during the last Congress when it ployment in constTUction. The first Dayton became clear that the far-reaching Con­ It seems to me that one of our major con­ copy came off the line in 1972, when the cerns should be to guard against contributing Washington Area Council of Governments sumer Protection Agency bill in the other to the confusion and paranoia that we have adopted a fair share disper!al plan. Your body would not pass. H.R. 21 has been seen surround this issue in the past. town could follow. int1·oduced by Congressmen CHET HOLI­ We have the votes to create a CPA. We The Dayton plan leads inevitably into eco­ FIELD and FRANK HORTON, and is based have the commitment to do it. Let us resolve­ nomic integration, which is precisely where upon H.R. 10835, passed by the House the few critical issues that remain. If we it should. But citizens must demand that during the 92d Congress, and which I cannot get consensus on all of these issues, when the poor meet the better-off in outly­ supported. Congressman BEN RosENTHAL let us make sure that they are defined prop­ ing neighborhoods, they do so under the erly, fairly heard and then put them to the best of circumstances. That rules out the has introduced H.R. 14, which in large test of a vote. sort of high-rise, completely low-income proj­ part is s"milar to the bill which failed But let us not get grounded on non-issues. ect that caused a revolt among middle-class in the other body last year. Let us not, for example, entertain implica­ residents of Forest Hills in New York. Far So that my colleagues in the House tions that we are insensitive to the deaths better would be a garden apartment devel­ might become better acquainted with the of babies in cribs because some proposals opment on a suburban corner, with perhaps Fuqua/Brown bill as it relates to the would not allow adequate participation in 40 moderate-income families and 10 low­ other two proposals, I am including in promulgating safety standards. Let us point income families. Eve-ry possible help should the RECORD the statement I made before out that all bills treat such standard-making be extended to the families, but a landlord proceedings adequately and virtually identi­ should hang in the background, ready to the Legislation and Military Operations cally. Subcommittee on September 17, 1973. evict any family that fouls the nest. The rt may be surprising to those familiar with few that cannot succeed even with major The statement follows: the CPA floor debate during the last Con­ help simply must find a place in inner-city STATEMENT OF HON. CLARENCE J. BROWN gress, but the three bills before us indicate public housing. Mr. Chairman and other respected fellow that the various sponsors are in agreement The development described here will Subcommittee members, these should be over many more concepts than those over work-already is working in many outlying historic hearings. which they disagree. neighbo1·hoods across the nation. In it both It is with great expectations-and not a the poor and the moderate-income families This is not to say that all of the language little relief-that we come together again to is identical or that draftsmanship cannot gain housing far better than they could hold what should be the last Congressional otherwise afford. And the old residents of be improved, of course. But what it does in­ hearings on proposals to create an independ­ dicate is that we should focus on the few the neighborhood console themselves that at ent Consumer Protection Agency. least it is new construction, that the situa­ remaining major areas of disagreement, and tion is under control-far better than the HISTORY OF CPA a consensus may be possible once we get all sweep of poor and black through crumbling We have come a long way since our 1969 of the facts on the table. neighborhoods half a century old. hearings that resulted in a primitive version There even seems to be a growing con­ The Dayton Public Opinion Center in one of the CPA bills now before us. sensus among business and consumer groups poll asked a cross-section of Montgomery We saw that first CPA bill stopped in 191\) as to what the major issues are. Not agree­ County residents (the county is 14 percent by a tie vote in the Rules Committee. That ment, certainly, on how we should resolve black) whether they a.greed or disagreed that happened.. the day after the Senate passed these problem areas, but recognition of the their own neighborhood should have- a mix­ its own version of a CPA by a vote of 74 to fact: that we should consider them in depth ture of races and economic groups. Five per­ 4 during the waning days of the 91st Con­ and attempt to come up with definitive leg­ cent replied they a.greed strongly, while 56 gress. islative answers. CXIX--1999-Part 24 31728 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 19r3 THE INFORMATION ORDER ISSUE party status, but it carves out an area of well as in those where party status was One of these issues has to do with the proceedings in which the CPA could only ap­ available. (See Sec. 103 (a).) CPA's information-gathering powers. Under pear as an amicus curiae; this area, accord­ Now, let us finally get to what we are Congressman Rosenthal's bill, the CPA would ing to subsection 204(a), is all adjudications talking about when we discuss party status be authorized with subpoena-like powers; it "seeking primarily to impose a fine, penalty, proceedings. In terms of numbers, we are could order business firms and employees to or forfeiture" for violation of federal law or talking about a small minority of proceed­ file reports and answer detailed questions on regulation. This provision, if you will remem­ ings, usually of very narrow scope and de­ confidential matters, under pain of court ber, ignited a very vigorous debate last year. signed to impose a sanction upon someone. order and the possibility of contempt charges The Fuqua-Brown bill also would allow - What we are talking about, primarily, a.re if necessary. This power is found in subsec­ the CPA to be an amicus initially, but in agency adjudications-quasi-judicial pro­ tion 208(b) of H.R. 14, and is related to the addition the CPA would be given the right ceedings often in the nature of a trial. It is proposed power, in subsection 211 ( c) of that to reenter the proceeding after all argument here in this small area of relatively limited bill, to allow the CPA to protect public health and submissions have been made by others, concern that I share the Chairman's ap­ or safety by publishing trade secrets and and make its own "last word" arguments for parent concern that we not create a dual confidential information so obtained. the record. prosecutor and run roughshod over estab­ The Chairman's bill and my bill would not Describing these provisions will make lit­ lished due process requirements. grant the CPA such information demand tle sense to anyone except a lawyer schooled What we are talking about here are power. I, for one, presently feel that making in the vagaries of the Administrative Pro­ agency proceedings which, because of their the CPA's scope of responsibility so sweep­ cedure Act--the "APA", as lawyers are fond sensitivity, Congress required to be conducted ing-everything that the CPA, itself, con­ of calling it. It is through this act,, upon in similar fashion to a trial, with cross­ siders of interest to consumers-requires us which all of the CPA bills are based, that examination, subpoena and other discovery to put limitations on the powers of that we can understand what each of the bills rights, and with the forum agency required agency, at least initially. is talking about, and-more importantly­ to make its decision on the record developed With respect to this particular power to what they are not talking about. in the proceeding. issue court-enforceable information de­ Because this is such a complicated area, It is true that a fraction of a percentage mands, a power heretofore reserved for regu­ I have set forth in my prepared statement point of these proceedings are a disappear­ latory agencies and usually of narrow scope, an illustration adapted from one that appears ing species of rulemaking-rulemaking on it should be noted that the CPA is to be a in the hearing record on the Senate CPA bills the record-and perhaps we might wish to non-regulatory agency. But I shall listen of this year: look into this area to see if more CPA rights are needed. But my chief concern is with with attentiveness to the arguments in favor NUMBERS OF FORMALIZED AGENCY PROCEEDINGS of such a power, arguments that I am sure sanction-oriented adjudications. SUBJECT TO APA In sanction-oriented adjudications, a fed­ will be presented by Congressman Rosenthal No party status: Notice and comment forcefully and well. eral lawyer acts as a prosecutor and at­ rulemaking, 91 %. tempts to get his agency to impose a sanc­ THE COURT APPEAL ISSUE PROCEEDINGS ON THE RECORD-PARTY STATUS tion, usually against a businessman in cases Another area where there is general agree­ AVAILABLE of concern to the CPA. The addition of an­ ment between two of the three bills con­ Adjudioations-8.5 % . other prosecutor for the Government is not cerns the question of whether the CPA Rulemaking--0.5 % . only unneeded, it is blatantly unfair. should be allowed to appeal to the courts Remember, we are talking about proceed­ Having said this, I don't want to give the the final decisions of its brother agencies. ings in which party status is available. This impression that I consider this small area H.R. 14 would grant the CPA such a power means we are not talking about those pro­ of proceedings of no importance to con­ under subsection 205(a), and H.R. 21 would ceedings which should be of most concern sumers. Quite the contrary; you will find grant a similar right under subsection 204(d). to consumers and which constitute an over­ adjudications of possible significance to con­ The Fuqua-Brown bill would grant no whelming majority-estimated in the Sen­ sumers in several agencies. FTC adjudica­ such right, and again I look forward to ate hearings at over 90 percent--of the for­ tions to determine if an unfair or deceptive hearing forceful argumentation on the need malized proceedings in which the CPA could practice violation has been committed and for such an extraordinary power. I fear that appear. Federal Communications Commission pro­ it would result in significant ambiguities as ceedings to revoke a broadcast license are to what the position of the Government was This is, we are not talking about notice two that come to mind. until the courts tell us. and comment rulemaking under 5 U.S.C. 553 Recognizing these proceedings as impor­ On this point, I tell you now that I can­ which, according to Professor Roger Cram­ tant to consumers, but also recognizing their not accept the arguments made last year to ton's testimony before us, is "an area where sensitivity, we have devised a CPA power the effect that it is routine or commonplace [CPA] consu~er advocacy can ma.ke its that is greater than mere amicus curiae for federal agencies to sue each other in greatest contribution." 1 Professor Cramton, status, yet avoids giving the CPA party court, and that because citizens sue their then Chairman of the Federal Administra­ status; that is, we avoid giving the CPA Government, the Government ought to sue tive Conference, told us that such rule­ prosecutor status. The words are synonymous the Government. making is the "most important area" of in this context. The first argument has no basis in fact; it CPA advocacy, the one that the CPA "should Our "super amlcus" power proposed for is a myth. The Solicitor General's office has be most interested in."~ the CPA in this limited area was inspired informed my staff that appeals by one agency In this notice and comment area that we by the limited intervenor status that the of the decisions of another are infrequent are not talking about are all of the familiar FTC assigned to a consumer group recently occurrences. In fact, I have been unable to examples that many erroneously thought when it was faced with a demand that the find a single example of a nonregulatory were proceedings in which one could attain consumer group be given party status.a agency appealing the decisions of a regula­ party status: Consumer Product Safety Com­ The FTC refused to grant the consumer tory agency. mission proceedings to establish safety group party status, allowing them to appear The second argument which cites citizen standards; Food and Drug Administration and make their arguments after the FTC rights makes little sense to me. We are not proceedings to establish nutrient labeling prosecutor had finished his case in chief. merely funding a Ralph Nader unit here, we regulations; Federal Trade Commission trade Consumers have not been allowed to inter­ are creating a part of the Government. To regulation rules, and so forth. vene as full parties in FTC adjudications. confuse governmental duties to protect the Risking redundancy to save us from an THE INFORMAL ACTIVITY ISSUE public with the rights of private citizens to experience similar to what happened last The last major issue may be a non-issue, challenge the Government ls a leap toward year, let me point out that in this most at least as far as the present thinking of George Orwell's 1984. I agree with Senator important type of proceeding as far as con­ the sponsors of the various bills before us. Sam Ervin's sparkling views on this subject, sumers are concerned., the three bllls provide But it is worth mentioning here because of and urge you all to read them. They appear little if any area for disagreement. The its potential as an issue to be raised by in the Committee report on last year's Sen­ Rosenthal and Holifield bills would allow the others, and because of an apparent differ­ ate CPA bill. CPA to have all of the rights available to ence of opinion on the proper interpretation THE FULL PARTY ISSUE anyone else. (See section 204(a) in each of one of the bills. bill.) Congressman Rosenthal's bill and the The third area of concern is the most legal­ ly complicated, and the one about which The Fuqua-Brown bill would allow the Fuqua-Brown bill clearly state, in almost we knew least during the last Congress, as CPA to have more rights than anyone else, identical terms, the power of the CPA to because we feel that this is such a critical iParticipate in the nature of an amicus our debate proved. ,curiae in the unstructured, sometimes called The Rosenthal bill, in subsection 204(a), area; in addition to the present full rights "informal," activities of other agencies. The would allow the CPA to assign itself full of participants, we would allow the CPA a. party status in the formalized agency pro­ "last word" right in these proceedings as 3 The famous SOUP ("Students Opposed ceedings where such status was available to to Unfair Practices") case, In the Matter of anyone. 11971 House CPA Hearings, p. 506. The Firestone Tire & Rubber Co., Docket No. The Chairman's bill would allow CPA 21971 House CPA Hearings, p. 498. 8818 (October 23, 1970). l • September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS Or REMARKS 31729 provisions are found in subsection 204(b) sary so that more representatives of the civlllan personnel administration. Awarded of R.R. 14 and subsection 103(b) of H.R. 664. Indian community are involved in the in Jun 73. Chairman Holifleld's bill, however, does decisions affecting them. Other steps to Cooke, Nanna.bell w., GS-11, 2020 Brooks not talk in express terms about informal Drive, Apt 208, Suitland, MD 20023. activities. This has led some to conclude improve the quality of life on Indian res­ In recognition of accomplishments of 17 that the CPA would not have a right to par- ervations are needed. Indians suffer the years in providing outstanding and effective . ticipate in this unstructured area. After lis­ shortest life span of any Americans, are library services to Andrews AFB community• tening to the debate on this issue during the subject to greater deterioration of Awarded in June 1973. la.st Congress, I, for one, believe that such health; are poorly educated and have a Cuticello, Dominic A., Ws-6, 8601 Temple a CPA right was at least intended and that limited opportunity for improvement in Hills Road, Lot 48, Camp Springs, MD 20031. the legislative history of the Holifield bill life, and suffer continued denial of their In recognition of his outstanding accom­ would be strong enough to sustain that plishments and managerial skill from April conclusion. civil rights in various communities. 1966 to May 1973 in improving supply pro­ However, we can let the Chairman speak I call upon the President and my col­ cedures at Andrews AFB. Awarded in May to that for himself. If such was the intent, leagues in the Congress to begin this long 1973. and if the language of H.R. 21 is not clear overdue commitment, so that we can Dyer, Robert E., GS-10, 4795 Huron Avenue, enough to satisfy all concerned, we now have truly celebrate American Indian Day in Suitland, MD 20023. the time to report a bill with more precise 1974. For activities from January 1968 to April language. 1973 in supervising the controlled growth I might say, at this point, that I am be­ of and many changes in the Documentation ginning to hear many more negative com­ Am Program at Andrews AFB. Awarded in April ments this year than last on granting the STATE OF MARYLAND FORCE 1973. CPA the right to intrude into informal ac­ EMPLOYEES WHO WON AWARDS O'Donnell, Bernard J., GS-15, 14147 Flint tivities of other agencies. It goes without ARE LISTED Rock Road, Rockville, MD 20853. saying that we now also have the time to For meritorious service as Director of Per­ review the language on all bills and to min­ sonnel Investigations Control Center, AFOSI, imize appropriately any risks of delay or HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN from Aug 70 to Jun 72. Awarded in September disruption. We will be asked, I am sure, OF MARYLAND 1972. to drop the whole notion of allowing the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Sims, Edward E., Jr., GS-13, 6110 Summer­ CPA to enter any informal activity as of hill Road, Marlow Heights, MD 20031. right. I have yet to hear, however, the Wednesday, September 26, 1973 For professional skill, leadership and dedi­ grounds upon which such an across-the­ Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, I have re­ cation in effectively managing varied admin­ board exemption would be Justifiable. ceived a list of those people from the istrative duties provided to Registrar's Of­ SUMMARY fice at Malcolm Grow USAF Medical Center, State of Maryland employed by the De­ Andrews AFB, from July 1967 to August 1973. Mr. Chairman, in summary, let me. say partment of the Air Force who have been that I hope we can emphasize the great Awarded in August 1973. similarities in these three CPA bills, and cited for their outstanding service dur­ resolve fairly and definitely the areas of ing 1972 and 1973. MERITORIOUS Civn.llN SERVICE AWARDS­ controversy. Mr. Speaker, in recognition of these FISCAL YEAR 1973 These bllls are complex proposals, and we individuals, I would like to have printed Blaga, George, 8012 Carey Branch Drive, shall all bear a heavier burden because of into the RECORD the names of the recip­ Oxon Hill, Maryland 20022. this fact. Few, inside and outside of Con':' ients of those awards. Mr. George Blaga distinguished himself gress, will understand these bills as well DEPARTMENT OF THE Am FORCE, by meritorious civilian service from Febru­ as us. We shall have to make great eiiorts Washington, D.C., Aug. 29, 1973. ary 1969 to May 1973 as Chauffeur to the to assure that whatever bill we do produce Hon. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN, Secretary of the Air Force. (Conferred by is not again misunderstood by c;mr colleagues, House of Representatives, SecAF). the press, and-most important of all-the Washington, D.C. Epstein, Murray, 11108 Dayton Street, Sil­ consuming public. DEAR MR. HOGAN: This is in response to ver SpTing, Maryland 20902. Thank you. your letter of July 31 to the Secretary of the Mr. Epstein contributed greatly in the es­ Air Force requesting a list of individuals from tablishment of a uniform technioa.l frame­ Maryland who have received honorary a.wards work for the efficient prosecution of military such as the Distinguished, Meritorious, Com­ construction with attendant economies of AMERICAN INDIAN DAY mendable, or Valor Awards from the Air Force substantial magnitude and improved design. in the past year. Klein,, Eliza.beth, 5904 Cleveland Avenue, Enclosed are three lists of names with ad­ Riverdale, Maryland 20840. HON. MARIO BIAGGI dresses compiled by our commands in this Mrs. Klein was recognized for her out­ OF NEW YORK area, a.long with the title of the aw.a.rd re­ standing performance of duties in the materiel programming field. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ceived and the description of their achieve­ ments. Lerner, Harold H., 14124 Bauer Drive, Wednesday, September 26, 1973 Your continued interest in Air Force mat­ Rockville, Maryland 20853. ters is appreciated. Mr. Lerner was recognized for his out­ Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, tomorrow Sincerely, standing administration of the Air Force marks the celebration of American In­ MICHAEL L. SORRENTINO, Labor Relations Program. dian Day, a day on which we honor the Col., USAF, Congressional Inquiry Novicke, Gordon A., 5804 Annapolis Road, nobility and rich history of the first Division, Office of Legislative Liaison. Apt. 1007, Bladensburg, Maryland 20710. Americans, the Indians. Yet, it is a hollow Mr. Novicke was recognized for his distin­ celebration in light of the continuing HQ. COMD. USAF HONORARY AWARDS­ guished performance in formulating realis­ JAN. 72-AUG. 73 tic logistical policies which contributed to neglect by the American Government of increased efficiency of the Air Force missile the problems of the Indians. DECORATION FOR EXCEPTIONAL CIVILIAN SERVICE programs. The year 1973 has been marked by an Boyd, George C., GS-14, 9409 Jones Place, Ruffo, Anthony- F., 3421 Senator Avenue, emerging militancy by the American In­ Lanham, MD 20801. S.E., North Forestville, Maryland 20028. dian against the problems which they In recognition of distinguished perform­ Mr. Ruffo distinguished himself by meri­ ance as Command Monitor for the close-out torious civilian service from March 1969 to have experienced over the years at the of the "Children Have a Potential" program. hands of the American Government. May 1973 as Chauffeur to the Assistant Sec­ Served the Directorate of Accounting and retary of the Air Force (Research and While I cannot condone such incidents Fina-nee for 21 years. Awarded in June 1972. Development). as the takeover of the Bureau of Indian Ross, Michael. GS-15, 6851 TUlip Terrace, Affairs offices, and the siege at Wounded Bethesda, MD 20016. DECORATION FOR EXCEPTIONAL CIVU.IAN SERV­ Knee, I can sympathize with the issues For exceptional service as Director of ICE-FISCAL YEAR 1973 which led to these acts. It is time that Training and Commandant of USAF Special Investigations School, AFOSI, from Aug. 68 Caffrey, Edith E., 5922 23rd Place, Marlow the American Government accorded the to Feb 72. Awarded in July 1972. Heights, M£,ryland 20031. Indian the- same basic rights and privi­ Mrs. Gaffrey w,as recognized for her dis­ AWARD FOR MERITORIOUS CIVILIAN SERVICE leges which other Americans enjoy. tinguished performance as personal and con­ Coleman, J. D., Jr., GS-14, 6004 Joyce Drive, fidential secretary to the Chief of Staff, This can be accomplished by a renewed Temple Hills, MD 20031. commitment to the ideals of providing Headquarters USAF, from 1 Aug. 1969 For distinguished performance as Director through 25 May 1973. Throughout the period the American Indian with a true voice of Civilian Personnel, HQ COMD USAF, from of recognition, Mrs. Caffrey consistently dis­ in our Government. A realinement of .Tan 67 to Jun 73 in providing highly com­ played the highest standards of professional the Bureau of Indian Affairs is neces- petent, technical leadership 1n the- field o-r: competenoe a.nd conduct In meeting the 31730 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1973 exacting requirements of this critically sen­ slonal knowledge orf audio-visual techniques, insofar as government controls are con­ sitive and demanding position. awareness of Air Force information needs, ·cerned: (conferroo oy SecAF) dedication to the highest standards of pro­ J0nes, Joe c., 909 Hyde Road, Silver Spring, fessional conduct, and diligent application LEAVE THE MARKET ALONE Maryland 20902. of these principles. ( conferred by SecAF). Monday's announcement by Dillons of a Mr. Jones distinguished himself by excep­ Wiener, Monroe J., 8315 North Brook Lane, cut in beef prices undoubtedly will be tionally meritorious service as Deputy Assist­ Bethesda, Maryland 20014. echoed by other butchers. ant Secretary of the Air Force (Research and The recommendation recognized Mr. The reduction is welcome. So is the in­ Development) from March 1969 to M11.y 1973. Wiener for the outstanding performance creased supply. And both demonstrate how During this period, Mr. Jones worked tire­ in the resolution of complex programming dizzy the market gets when government tin­ lessly to insure a viable and balanced Air problems of major importance to the Air kers with it. Particularly the food market. Force research and dtvelopment program. Force and Department of Defense. The end of a price ceiling on beef logically ( conferred by SecAF) would have signalled a sudden surge in prices. Munves, William, 8204 Bryant Drive, Be­ DECORATION FOR EXCEPTIONAL CIVILIAN Logic did not prevail, for a variety of rea­ thesda, Maryland 20034. SERVICE sons. One was that producers and feed lot Mr. Munves rend?red consistently E'xcep­ Frederic L. Eisenmann, Luce Creek Drive, operators had held cattle from the market to show their contempt for being singled ~ut tional service to the United States Air Force Annapolis, MD 21401. as Assistant General Counsel (Procurement) with controls. And also in anticipation of Charles W. King, Ferry Farm, Annapolis, higher prices ahead. from April :965 to May 1970 and as Deputy MD 21402. General Counsel from Mn.y 1970 to June 1972. So, what beef could be purchased came in John S. England, 5704 San Juan Drive, scattered lots, and required the extra ex­ He distinguished himself as a dedicated pub­ Clinton, MD 20735. lic servant and legal authority across the penses of paying packers to process. That Peter R. Murray, 1704 Dana Street, Crof­ kept the prices high. Now, with some cattle entire contracting field. ton, MD 21113. ( conferred by SecAF) coming back in through regular channels, the AW ARD FOR MERITORIOUS CIVILIAN SERVICE retail price is going down. Harold E. Baker, 8310 Bernard Drive, Oxon . It is a dicy game, to be played from week MERITORIOUS CIVILIAN SERVICE AWARD-­ Hill, MD 20022. to week. Consumer demand for beef faded JANUARY-JUNE 1972 Frank G. Brysselbout, 2021 Brooks Drive, this summer, but as it increases so will the Clark, M. Eleanor, 5510 Surrey Street, No. 805, Suitland, MD 20028. costs. Further feeder cattle supply is down, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20015. J. Meredith George, 935 St. Paul Street, which indicates a lower supply this winter. Miss Clark was recognized for her ex­ Baltimore, MD 21202. This whole episode can be chalked to the emplary service and expertise on matters Charles R. Holloway, 41 Holly Road, Sev­ public relations motives behind many admin­ pertaining to civilian pay determination and erna Park, MD 21146. istration actions. Keeping controls on beef leave administration. Steven I. Landis, 304 Aragona Drive, Oxon was strictly a bid to persuade consumers that Francis, Frankie P., 1913 Oakwood Street, Hill, MD 20222. the government is acting to bring lower food Hillcrest Heights, Maryland 20031. Donald P. Rampolla, 6156 Springfield prices. Mrs. Francis was recognized for her dis­ Drive, Greenbelt, MD 20770. Now, Agriculture Secretary Earl Butz ad­ tinguished service and expertise in m atters Webster F. Russell, 707 Claire Drive, Arden­ mits the whole thing was a mistake. "Coun­ relating to the civilian personnel program on-the-Severn, Crownsville, MD 21032. ter-productive," is his term. "The consumers and for her outstanding contributions in Harry J. Sleaman, 5223 Morris Avenue, No. would have been better off by far had we not the area of automation of a civilian person­ 2, Camp Springs, MD 20031. put the price ceiling on meat." nel management information system and Francis X. Brennan, 5610 Chesterfield Agreed, And so would beef producers, proc­ computer assisted personnel program opera­ Drive, Camp Springs, MD 20031. essors, and retailers. tions. Ms. Ann R. Digeon, 11300 Marlboro Pike, Let the food market alone. It has enough Pritchett, Duncan N. P., 6912 Oakridge Upper Marlboro, MD 20870. built-in controls through the old old forces Avenue, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20015. Sola W. Gunnoe, 309 Alleghany Avenue, of supply and demand not to justify any gov­ Mr. Pritchett was recognized for his dis­ Towson, MD 21204. ernment controls. It is so complex, with fac­ tinguished performance while serving as Luther T. Lee, Rt. No. 3, Box 109, La Plata, tors that would make it tough even for a MD 20646. computer to digest, that simple enforcement Chief, Development and Procurement Divi­ is an impossibility. sion, Directorate of Budget. His judicious Marion G. Pritchard, Rt. No. 1, Box 129C, and timely application of financial resources Dunkirk, MD 20754. in support of critical Air Force plans, pro­ Harry E. Roberts, 747 Robin Hood Hill, grams, and operations made an invaluable Sherwood Forest, MD 20770. contribution to the accomplishment of the Dr. Harvey E. Savely, 273 Smith Avenue, OLD REDS LAUGH AT GENERATION Air Force mission. Ann apoli.s, MD 21401. JUST PAST Perry, Alexander, 4109 Woodbine Street, Melvin Tanchel, 8017 Carey Branch Place, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20015. Oxon Hill, MD 20222. Mr. Perry was recognized for his distin­ James F. Wayman, 4306 Karen Street, Sky­ HON. JOHN H. ROUSSELOT guished performance as a Procurement line, MD 20023. OF CALIFORNIA Analyst, responsilble for the development of David Zigler, 1220 East West Highway, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESEi."ll'TATIVES Air Force positions on new legislation, claims, Silver Spring, MD 20910. and releasability of information that resulted William D. Wiard, 4800 Cedell Place, Camp Wednesday, September 26, 1973 in savings throughout the Air Force. Springs, MD 20031. Posten, Yvonne, 6914 Eilerson Street, Clin­ Mr. ROUSSELOT. Mr. Speaker, an ton, Maryland 20735. article appeared in the Washington Post Mrs. Posten was recognized for her per­ on Monday, September 24, 1973, which formance of duties as Chief, Military Per­ LEAVE THE MARKET ALONE should be read and studied by all Mem­ sonnel Branch during the period February bers. The article entitled "Old Reds 1968 through Pebruary 1972. Laugh at Generation Just Past" reminds Reiche, Harris G., 11805 Charen Lane, Po­ tomac, Maryland 20854. HON. GARNER E. SHRIVER us that communism is still a threat to Mr. Reiche was recognized for his out­ OF KANSAS our country, and to the democracy which standing achievements while serving as Dep­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES we all wish to protect. The article points uty Chief, Automatic Data Processing Sys­ out that in battling for their own civil tems Management Division, Directorate of Wednesday, September 26, 1973 liberties, Communists are "often joined Data Automation. Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, there is by sympathetic liberals and non-Com­ Wheeler, Mary E., 4514 Willard Avenue, continuing reason to question govern­ munists of the left." Ironically, Gus Chevy Chase, Maryland. mental interference with the traditional Miss Wheeler was recognized for her dis­ Hall's basic view is that democratic tinguished performance in the Air Force supply and demand in the marketplace. rights are valuable only to the extent civilian personnel publications program. This was especially true in our recent ex­ that they aid in the fight against capital­ Wells, David W., 9150 Woodyard Road, perience with beef ceilings. Government ism. Clinton, Maryland 20735. action interfered and disrupted the mar­ Mr. Speaker, I do not mean to imply Mr. Wells was recognized for his outstand­ ket causing confusion, economic losses, that there is a Communist under every ing contributions which resulted in unprece­ unemployment, and shortages. bed, but the CPUSA is still very effective dented improvements in the retention of a Under the leave to extend my remarks in selling their philosophy. This philoso­ modern and viable industrial base. West, Raymond H., 4620 Westridge Place, in the RECORD, I include a recent edi­ phy is rooted in strong Federal controls Camp Springs, Maryland 20031. torial from the Hutchinson, Kans., News that preempt States' rights, as well as Mr. West enhanced the Internal Informa­ which effectively points out the impor- individual liberties. The Communist role tion Program through his superior profes- tance of leaving the food market alone as described by Gus Hall in this article: September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31731 Would be to continue as advocates of duce a great deal of change within their bers of the party, Socialists before that, IWW socialism, to support such a development, youth," Bloice said dryly. "Not within their before that. Not only that, but I had an ad­ to have some sort of relationship with that lifetime-within their youth. The period was vantage. This community where I was born kind of a party in the coalition sense. marked with great spontaneity and not much was largely made up of iron miners who were organizing. It was like fire brigades going all black-listed for trying to organize a union, We must be mindful of this fact, Mr. over the place. We made a longterm commit­ so it was a radical community." Speaker, and forever vigilant that the ment to be part of the struggle." At 25, he was organizing steel workers in legislation we approve does not further Arnold Johnson has done the long strug­ Ohio, one of the founding members in the socialism and thereby promote Commu­ gle, a 69-year-old party official with silvery brutish struggle that created the steelwork­ nist doctrines. J. Edgar Hoover in his hair and a gentle manner. He left Union ers union. He ran as a Communist for city Theological Seminary in the Depression to council in Youngstown under his given book "Masters of Deceit," states: organize the poor, went to jail in the Harlan, name-Arvo Gus Hallberg--so the next year, But we cannot afford the luxury of wait­ Ky. coalfield strife of the '30s, spent three when he was trying to get a job in the steel ing for communism to run its course like years in federal prison in the '50s as a "sec­ mill, he changed it. "I just decided to cut out other oppressive dictatorships. The weapons ond-string" defendant in the anti-Commu­ bot h ends," he said. of communism are stlll formidable. They nist trials. Considering his own travail and The man still has the lean, muscular pres­ become even more effective when we lower the party's many setbacks, Johnson is re­ ence of a mill worker, a handsome Scanda­ our guard and when we become lax in markably contented with his career. navian face with stylish gray sideburns, an strengthening our democratic institutions "There is a joy in the Communist life," he affable directness which is draped over now in perfecting the American dream. said. "As a matter of fact, I think many of with the dense vocabulary of his ideology. my colleagues who were students with me at Except when he is talking about the strike I most strongly urge that all my col­ the seminary were more frustrated and some­ of '36; then his speech becomes vivid and leagues read this article, and I am now times even envious that I was free and easy, immediate. It was a violent and decisive submitting it for their thoughtful working on things that they talked about­ conflict, in which Hall organized strikers at ,attention: and I did." Republic Steel in Warren, Ohio. OLD REDS LAUGH AT GENERATION JUST PAST To reach Gus Hall, the leader, you must "It was a very bitter strike," he remem­ (By Wllllam Greider) ride up three floors on a tiny elevator, then bered. "The company had their own police climb another flight of narrow marble stairs force, submachine guns, shotguns and so on. NEW YORK, N.Y.-The objective conditions, to the loft, where the passage through a I've often said the biggest problem a strike as a good Marxist-Leninist might put it, are small supply room leads to his office. It is leader had in those days was to convince the rather shabby behind the unmarked red door lined with books, from floor to ceiling, in­ workers not to use violence because the com­ on 26th Street, where the Communist Party cluding 45 volumes on Lenin right behind panies were so violent and it was counter­ U.S.A. resides, a small crumbling office build­ his chair and numerous editions of "Capital," productive." ing with hand-me-down furnishings. the primary gospel. Hall was also indicted on a bombing charge. Inside, however, the Old Reds are enjoying The oil portrait of Lenin which hangs be­ The National Guard found some nitro­ a quite last laugh on the generation of his­ hind his desk was a gift from Leonid I. Brez­ glycerin in the strike headquarters. "It was tory just past. hnev, who met with American Communist a total frame-up," Hall said good-naturedly. The CPUSA is a weak shadow of its old leaders when he made his state visit to see After long delays, he pleaded guilty to a self, but it is still around, despite snide President Nixon in June. Gus Hall gave the minor charge and was fined $500. When he competition of New Left revolutionaries who Soviet party chief a portait of Brezhnev. was drafted for World War II, the Navy tried belittled it as old-fashioned, despite dracon­ done by a CPUSA artist. to reject him because of his past, but Hall ian anti-communist pressures which at­ "It was supposed to be only an hour," Hall persevered and served overseas as a machin­ tempted to smash it over the last 25 years. said proudly, "but he postponed his trip to ist's mate on Guam. By that time, Hall had "I firmly believe that within 10 years in California and we talked for 2¥:i hours. He left the union to become a fulltime organizer this country we will have millions of people was very interested in our reactions to his for the party. for socialism, on the order of 5 to 10 mlllion," trip and what the people thought of it, es­ Those were the best days for the Com­ said Daniel Rubin, the 42-year-old organi­ pecially black people and working people." munist Party-100,000 members in 1943, zational secretary, a young man rising in the Henry Winston, the 62-year-old party FDR's "united front" with the Soviet Union, gray-haired hierarchy. "Socialism is going chairman who also met with Brezhnev, de­ an influential voice in the industrial unions to become so popular that we're going to scribes the emerging East-West detente as which the Communists helped build, plus have competing brands. We'll even have ultimately positive for the American Com­ the "submarine" members sprinkled through 'Rockefeller socialism,' only I'll continue to munists. "It strengthens the peace move­ government and the professions. call it monopoly capitalism." ment," he said, "strengthens them against Then history shook it apart-first a devas­ By its own generous estimate, the party the forces of imperialism that Nixon repre­ tating internal clash over the direction of now numbers only 16,000 members ( a figure sents." post-war American communism, then the which ls grossly inflated, according to the But Gus Hall concedes that it also creates dive underground, to avoid Cold War prose­ House Internal Security Committee) . Yet problems for CPUSA. "It's a benefit for capi­ cution, the exposes and trials of the Mc­ such buoyant predictions are commonplace talism, no question about that, but it's not Carthy period, the shattering revelations among its leaders. By its own terms, the going to solve capitalism's problems,'' Hall about Stalin, the anti-Soviet revolt in Communist Part U.S.A. ls :flourishing these said. "On the other hand, yes, it's going to Hungary. All of these drove Marxists out of days, slowly coming out of its cocoon of se­ create certain ideological problems that we the CPUSA so that by 1960 prudent esti­ crecy and gradualy growing in size. Even its have to deal with, for instance, the thing mates put the CP membership at less than own super-optimistic estimates, however, do that some elements have tried to spread, that 10,000--most o! whom wouldn't dare tell not describe the revolution as imminent. this proves socialism doesn't work, that they their neighbors or employers. "If you think the revolution is just around need the technology of capitalism to come The party is issuing membership cards the corner and it's not," explained Gus Hall, out of a crisis." again for the first time in more than 20 the secretary-general, "it leads to wrong tac­ Ignored now in his own country, Gus Hall years. The Communist Party abolished them tics. Therefore, you have to have a very sober is still a public figure in the Socialist world. more than 20 years ago when "card-carrying estimate of the process that goes on." He was the only American at Ho Chi Minh's Communists" became part of America's com­ Hall's sober estimate: "The idea of social­ funeral. His frequent pamphlets on the party mon language, an expression of fear and ha­ ism grows in this country. There's no ques­ line are reprinted abroad, often providing the tred. The new cards, actually, are little red tion about that. The growth of our party semi-official rationale for controversial Soviet booklets, small enough for a billfold, with reflects that. But if you speak about the mil­ policies. spaces for the monthly dues stamps, from 50 lions, the mass, they are not yet at the point His 1968 pamphlet explaining why the cents to $5 a month, depending on the mem­ of socialism." ber's income. But Communists are doctrinal optimists, Soviets invaded Czechoslovakia was a best­ seller, translated into 100 languages, he says. "We have a standing understanding" Hall committed to the "scientific socialism" of said, "that this is a privilege of every mem - Marx and Lenin, a faith which promises that "I'm not boasting; I'm just saying what the fact is," Hall said. "It is the accepted version ber, whether they want to announce their history will inevitably reward the true be­ of the Czechoslovakian events, including in membership or not. The great majority of our lievers. Like a religious convert, convinced Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union. The members are not public and this is in spite that the Kingdom of Heaven awaits him, position did not come from any other place." of the fact that the policy of the party is Communists tend to look upon their calami­ For an old radical, born 62 years ago in to make known as many as possible." ties as temporary inconveniences. Iron, Minn., imprisoned as a subversive for So the long night is not over yet. The :firat Carl Bloice, 34-year-old black editor of the nearly eight years and scorned by younger priorit y of the party is to reestablish its polit­ party's West Coast newspaper, People's World, left ists, that worldwide audience is lofty ical legitimacy, which is one reason why it ran remembers the impatience of his young stuff. It helps explain why a confirmed be­ a lively campaign for president last year. Gus friends from civil rights and antiwar or­ liever might keep the faith, even keep his Hall was the nominee, with Jarvis Tyner as ganizations during the '60's, when his own optimism, despite the party's longstanding his running mate, and they managed to get decision to join the Communist Party was so failure to threaten capitalism in this country. on the ballot in 13 states and the District of unfashionable. "I was born into the party,'' Hall said. "My Columbia, knocking down a number of state "People thought they were going to pro- father and mother were both charter mem- anti-Communist laws in the process. 31732 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1973 The party campaign committees spent effect is that it placates the demand and, in EXTENSION OF COMMUNITY MEN­ about $200,000 for what it claims was 50,000 that sense, mitigates against the develop­ votes including 252 in Washington, D.C. ment of militancy. You have to just accept TAL HEALTH CENTERS ACT (The House Internal Security Committee that as a fact of life." puts Hall's total vote at 25,000.) According The central hang-up for the American to the financial reports filed with the Gov­ CP, however, has always been its relationship HON. WILLIAM H. HUDNUT III ernment Accounting Office, practically all of witb Moscow. Hall denounces Watergate as OF INDIANA that money was raised by collections at ral­ the emergence of a police state, then turns lies. Indeed, the party reported a total of to defend the Soviet Union's heavy-handed 1N THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES 1,450 CP rallies from June to November, in­ suppression of int ellectual freedom, the Wednesday, September 26, 1973 cluding 13 in Washington. That's a lot of ral­ h arassment of Sakharov and Solzhenitsyn. lies for all of those FBI undercover agents "They're total apologists for imperialism," Mr. HUDNUT~ Mr. Speaker, today I to attend. he explained. "They're swindlers-political, am introducing a bill to extend, for 3 "We bave some people who want to con­ ideological swindlers." years, and to amend the Community tribute," Hall explained, "but they can't af­ That reflects a major irony for the U.S. Mental Health Centers Act. This is one ford to be identified so they do it through Communists. The cutting edge of their strug­ rallies." gle has always involved a battle for their own of the most important and successful The party does have a few of its own "fat civil libert ies, oft en joined by sympathetic health programs in the country. It is cat" contributors, induding an 84-year-old liber als and non-Communists of the left. federally funded now in about 500 com­ retired businessman from Bal Harbor, Fla., Yet Gus Hall's basic view is that democratic munities in which approximately 35 per­ who gave $4,000 to the Hall-Tyner ticket. r ights are valuable only to the extent that cent of the Nation's population lives. "I just got disgusted with all polit icians," they aid in the fight against capitalism. The bill I am introducing provides an said M. J. Baker, who is not himself a Com­ "I don't take a classless, abstract position important middle-ground pooition be­ munist Party member. "We have these Wa­ on int ellectual freedom," Hall explained. "I tween those who call for virtually un­ tergates. I just wanted to give my contribu­ ask the question-intellect ual freedom to tion for a better humanity. I can't take it what end? Int ellectual freedom for what limited Federal spending for community wit h me." purpose? I'm for the maximum amount of mental health centers, and those who The party now claims about 1,000 act ive democracy and freedom that is commensu­ would end Federal financing of center clubs, including some new ones in the South, rate wit h the st ruggle for a progressive di­ startup costs. It provides for continued where it was once defunct. The party, how­ rection, for socialism. In that cont ext, I am growth of community based care to serve ever, still centers on New York where as much for the maximum. Anything that goes be­ the 1 person in 10 who wi11 require treat­ as 15 to 30 per cent of its membership re­ yond that, that endangers this struggle and ment for mental illness during his or her sides, depending on whether you believe Gus becomes an obstacle to it. I'm for curt ailing." lifetime. Hall or the House Internal Security Com­ So Gus Hall defen ds the Soviet Union on mittee. the various controversies over human rights, In addition to extending the program Rejuvenating a political party which was from the Jewish emigration issue to the in­ for 3 years, this measure includes im­ once labeled a subversive conspiracy has its vasions of other Socialist nations, as nec­ portant changes which will strengthen difficulties. In Washington, for instance, essary to preserve "a progressive direction." the existing legislation. For example, it Gus Hall reports that there is an upsurge of That outlook has dominated the CPUSA would encourage treatment in the com­ new members but the party is proceeding from the start and it has repeatedly driven munity, rather than in a State mental cautiously. away mem b ers who wanted their party to hospital, by providing a screening service The D.C. party, as Hall notes, was "totally take a more independent, more "American smashed" in the 1950s. The party treasurer, line" on such issues. In 1956, when the for potential State mental hospital pa­ the officer who keeps the membership lists, U.S.S.R. invaded Hungary, the CPUSA lost a tients and by requiring a program for turned out to be an FBI agent. She was a Vir­ huge chunk of its members-perhaps a the followup care of discharged State ginia housewife named Mary Ma.rkward (who majorit y. hospital patients. died earlier this year), and her revelations Joseph R. Starobin, who was foreign edi­ Tt mandates continued Federal fund­ sent hundreds of local Reds scurrying for tor of the Daily Worker, now a political sci­ ing beyond the present 8-year limit for cover. ence professor in Toronto, described this Now the D.C. club has several dozen consultation services, which are import­ self-inflicted attrition in his recent book, ant in the early detection of mental ill­ new applicants, young people with back­ "American Communism in Crisis, 1943-1957." ness. In addition, it provides for a greater grounds in New Left, black liberation or civil The CPUSA, of which he was once a mem­ rights organizations. But the handful of ber, "built what was by far the most power­ spread of Federal seed money to the two­ older party members, who hung on in D.C. "ful and pervasive radical movement in thirds of the Nation's communities that through the lean years, are suspicious. American life and then helped to shatter have not yet received Federal matching "We have such an influx of applications," it," Sta.robin wrote. "The record shows, be­ funds by first, placing a per capita limit Hall said, "that we decided to take a little yond dispute, that it was shattered as much on the Federal dollars an existing center time in accepting them and do a little more by their own behavior, their inability to may receive, and second, discontinuing checking. We think most of them, if not all choose between the antagonistic strands in of them, are honest. Other left organiza­ Federal center support after 8 years with tbeir own movement and their impotence to the exception of consultation services. tions have disappeared from the Washington change their course, as it was by the formid­ scene and they want to be part of the radical able power of their opposition." Furthermore, it would permit Federal Communist movement. We always assume funds to be spent for all center opera­ there a.re some agents here and there-we That poses an intriguing question for neu­ tral historians of the future. Was the Com­ tional costs rather than just for profes­ assume that." sional and technical support. American Communists, who once tried to munist Party crushed, as is popularly be­ work within the two-party system, now fore­ lieved, by the pressures of McCarthyism, the As a former president of the Marion see its disintegration in the coming years. FBI infiltration and the anti-subversive County Mental Health Association, I am According to Hall's scenario, as the "two trials, or was the wound self-inflicted? A lot very much aware of the great value of parties of big business" get weaker and frag­ of ex-Communists think it was the latter. community mental health centers. By ment into splinter parties, a new major party Over 40 years, Gus Hall has seen a lot of providing a variety of inps,tient and will emerge-a neo-populist anti-monop­ comrades leave the party over various is­ outpatient services, along with consul­ oly party, not yet Socialist, but perhaps sues, but he has an explanation. tation services to key individuals and advocating selective nationalization of some "There is such a thing as getting tired," groups, centers have greatly reduced the industries. he said. "Just getting tired of the struggle admissions to State mental hospitals The Communist role, he predicts, "would and, instead of having the courage to say be to continue as advocates of socialism, that, you know, you find a kind of excuse. from the communities they serve. The to support such a development, to have I think that's kind of a human thing." trend nationally in State mental hospi­ some sort of relationship with that kind of Some old soldiers fight on. The party tal census has continued downward with a pal t,y in the coalition sense." chairman, Henry Winston, blind and ailing, a reduction for the year ending June 30, The working-class, which Hall talks about still manages to summon the party rhetoric 1972 of 32,029 or 10 percent. In Indiana, so fondly, has changed so much since the that once stirred larger audiences. Winston the population of Central State Hospital violent days of the 1930s-de-radicalized lost his sight in federal prison when, he has declined from 2,100 t-0 about 850 partly by the very reforms which Commu­ charged, the authorities refused to provide since the advent of the initial community nists helped secure-that his formulations proper medical attention. The brain tum.or was discovered too late. m.ental health center. There is no reason of class-struggle sound quaint and archaic. already "I'm not bitter, I'm not sore at anyone," why the progress that has been "We always recognize," he concedes, "that made cannot be duplicated throughout when you win reforms, there's two effects the chairman said in his deep voice. "I'm of that. One is that it does indicate to work­ bitter toward racism, I'm bitter toward fas­ America. ers that unity and struggle can win-that's cism. I'm bitter toward any form of reaction Among the attributes of the commu­ an important lesson. I think workers gen­ that oppresses the working class. There's nity mental health center system are erally have learned that. The other side nothing personal in that." these: First, it encompasses within a September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31733 single system all of the related services Chicago-based diversified international in­ (WACC) coordinates the planning and zon­ available to serve the population for dustrial complex. ing policies of over 20 citizen organizations, Boushka. was in Colorado Springs the past with over 40,000 members, who reside in which it is responsible. Second, there is week for meetings of Vickers Energy's board Northwest Washington and nearby Montgom­ a high degree of local responsibility. Con­ of directors. ery County, Maryland. WACC has been at­ trols and direction are provided by local F..sma.rk is a holding company whose three tempting throughout the period of the bill's volunteer boards. Third, the center pro­ other divisions are: Swift and Company, genesis to have the planning and zoning gram, which was to be imitated in each food; Estech, Inc., chemicals and industrial aspects of the proposed reorganization de­ catchment or population area with the products; and GSI, Inc., financial services. veloped in separate legislation and to have Federal funding on a diminishing basis "We have become a. highly computerized the sections 203, 423 & 492 of the present has moved steadily toward ultimate sup­ industry, and this is where our educational bill embody three principles: 1.) citizen in­ needs a.re greatest," Boushka. observes. volvement in the planning process from the port by State and local government and Computer scientists, usually with advanced very beginning; 2.) separation of long range private sources. Only about 30 percent of degrees, are employed most heavily in the planning from the direct control of a four the money invested annually in operating petroleum industry's research and develop­ year elected mayor; 3.) constructive inter­ the community mental health center ment and staff departments. But Boushka. action between federal and municipal plan­ program now comes from local and State contends that employes in all fields should ning bodies in the development of compre­ government; 20 percent comes from pa­ be trained to use computers to help coordi­ hensive plans for the District and the metro­ tient fees and forms of insurance. Fourth, nate operations. politan area.. "The right hand must know what the left This effort began with the workshops on the center system places major attention is doing a.t all times," he says. on the development of a preventive ap­ the Nelsen Commission Report held in the "The days of the old roustabout are gone. District Building on March 17 and April 28 proach with better and more efficient "The petroleum industry can't afford to (where, incidentally, in Workshop I the utilization of limited professional man­ waste natural gas on the old gushers you see seven representatives of citizen associations power. in movies--end it certainly cannot waste were outnumbered 2 to 1 by District depart­ The current authorization for the time in getting products to consumers. These ment employees and "special interest" community mental health services pro­ a.re areas where computers play a. vita.I role." groups) and continued with testimony pre­ Boushka notes that oil is becoming harder sented by Mr. Peter Craig on behalf of the gram will expire June 30, 1974. However, to find. I am very hopeful that hearings can be Committee of 100 on the Federal City, June "We must use all the technical knowhow 8, before the D.C. subcommittee on Govern­ completed early this fall on the legisla­ at our command and ability to find and pro­ ment Operations chaired by Rep. Brock tion and that Congress can vote on the duce more oil depends on it." Adams, WACC continued to present the issues bill by the end of the calendar year, thus He points out thait domestic consumption, in a series of letters addressed to Rep. Charles avoiding the pressure of last minute ac­ including imports, is cUNently a.bout 16.2 Diggs, Rep. Ada.ms and the other members of tion. I would point out also that this million barrels daily. By 1985, this is expected the D.C. Committee, dated June 12, June 24, program is not one which was developed to increase by 50 per cent to 24 million July 9 and July 17. On July 12 Mr. Peter barrels per day. Hornbostel attempted on behalf of WACC's and put together hastily in response to a "Last year, U.S. crude oil production to­ crisis, but it evolved out of some 10 years 40,000 citizens to present testimony to the taled about 9 million barrels per day," full District Committee and was denied by of thoughtful deliberations with exten­ Boushka. notes. "This must increase unless Chairman Diggs. Mr. Hornbostel's statement sive community planning at State and we want to become totally import-dependent. was simply accepted for the record and is local levels. The planning process was "Through the finest education system in now part of the unpublished transcript of initiated durtng the Eisenhower adminis­ the world and the industry's new training the Hearings on H.R. 9056 before the full tration and the program has had the programs, we will develop the highly trained District Committee. continued support of each administra­ minds that a.re essential in the development The bill now before you, H.R. 9682, does tion since then. of all forms of energy for the U.S. consumer," not embody any of these principles. The Boushka. concludes. present bill in section 423 states "the Mayor shall establish procedures for citizen involve­ ment in the planning process". Mayor Wash­ ington testified before the D.C. Committee SUPPLYING OIL BECOMING AN HOME RULE BILL on July 12 that appearance by the citizens INVOLVED JOB in the course of Zoning Commission hear­ ings was adequate participation. We consider HON. ANCHER NELSEN that this is inadequate and a gross abuse of HON. GARNER E. SHRIVER OF MINNESOTA the citizens since it forces them into a. posi­ OF KANSAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion of continuous opposition. It has been IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES demonstrated in the work of the Citizens Wednesday, September 26, 1973 Wednesday, September 26, 1973 Advisory Boa.rd for Friendship Heights that Mr. NELSEN. Mr. Speaker, I wish to the citizens a.re capable of making a. posi­ Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, Richard tive contribution and that the resulting insert at this point in the RECORD a letter product is far superior to that produced by Boushka, president of Vickers Energy prepared by the Wisconsin Avenue Cor­ Corp., which headquarters in my con­ the bureaucracy working in splendid isola­ ridor Committee-WACC. This organiza­ tion. The remainder of this paragraph in gressional district in Wichita, Kans., has tion takes strong exception to provisions section 423 calls for the Mayor to establish forcefully spoken out on the importance in H.R. 9682, the "home rule" bill, as they procedures for "appropriate meaningful con­ of education as one of the keys to solving relate to the National Capital Planning sultation" with other state and federal agen­ the Nation's need for petroleum re­ Commission, its organization and struc­ cies. It is not known what the Committee sources. He has pointed out the need to ture. This group represents approxi­ had in mind when they inserted this lan­ use all of the technical know-how avail­ guage, the Mayor has not given his inter­ mately 40,000 residents of the District of pretation, but we find it totally mean­ able to find and produce more oil. Mr. Columbia and nearby Maryland, who are Boushka's views are highly regarded by ingless. convinced "that the provisions of H.R. Secondly, we view the transfer of the mu­ the industry and by those who are con­ 9682 dealing with the planning and zon­ nicipal planning function to the direct and cerned about resolving the energy crisis. ing matters work to the detriment of all sole control of the Mayor as being inherently Under the leave to extend my remarks concerned: City and Federal Govern­ destructive of sound, responsive planning. 1n the RECORD, I include a recent article ment, and the citizens of the District of On July 13, Mr. Hornbostel proposed to D.C. from the Colorado Springs, Colo., Ga­ Columbia." Committee members the creation of a D.C. zette-Telegraph which discusses Mr. The letter is quoted below in its en­ Planning Commission as a substitute for Boushka's views concerning the chal­ section 423 of the bill. The pressures on the tirety. Mayor to maximize current tax revenues lenges facing the petroleum industry: SEPTEMBER 12, 1973. make rational long range planning a com­ SUPPLYING OIL BECOMING AN INVOLVED JOB The Honorable CARL B. ALBERT, plete impossibility. This is demonstrated by The petroleum industry's ability to meet Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives, recent Zoning Commission actions. One per­ national needs depends as much on educa­ w ashington, D .a. mits the high rise commercial density pres­ tion as llla.tural resources. DEAR CONGRESSMAN ALBERT: This month ently found only in downtown to be spotted "The United States is still the world's lead­ you and your colleagues in the House of anywhere in the city. The other, the pro­ ing crude oil producing nation, but finding Representatives will be considering H.R. 9682, posed rezoning of the Georgetown Water- and refining that oil is becoming an in­ a bill to reorganize the government of the front, is not only in gross violation of the creasingly sophisticated process," says Rich­ District of Columbia. and to provide a. meas­ present plan but was done at the very time ard Bouska., president of Vicker Energy Corp.; ure of self-government to its citizens. the National Capital Planning Com.mission natural resources division of F.smark, Inc., a The Wisconsin Avenue Corridor Committee (NCPC) and the citizens of Georgetown are 31734 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS S~ptember 26, 1973 working together to develop a plan for the !er this program. It is a good example of grant of money in combination with a con­ whole area. government, Federal, State and local ventional bank loan or mortgage. Thirdly, we have seen that the system of working together with th~ individuai . To illustrate: On a $6,000 home repaiT relying on veto alone (see section 203) pro­ job, the homeowner receives a $1,000 non­ duces inaction, stalemate, and escalating homeowner. I hope all Members will read re::_)ay·able grant. When combined with a costs through continual revisions of finished this article and see what. we are doing in $5,000 bank loan, due in seven yea.rs at a 7 plans. We are certain that there is a better Hoboken. per cent interest rate, the effective borrowing way and believe that a process can be devel­ The article follows: cost is approximately 3 per cent. oped whereby the plan ners can work to­ THE CITY AS A MORTGAGE BROKER To implement the McCarthy plan, Ehr­ gether during the early stages of the process. (By Ivan Silverman) m ann a nd McCanuy examined severa l ap­ Finally, in section 492, the NCPC is left in pro~ches. They considered raisin g money b y a purely advisory capacity with no provision Like many older urban areas, Hoboken, sellmg b onds . They weighed the possibility of made for the resolution of those cases where N.J. faced a housing problem of cr isis pro­ working with New Jersey's Morta-age Finance NCPC recommendations are ignored by the p ortions in the mid-Sixties. The city's an­ Agency (a unit that sells tax-e;empt bonds Zoning Commission. tiqu ated building stock was in decline. Prop­ and then loans the proceeds at low-cost rates We realize that the entire question of erty taxes were on the rise. Abandonment to banks, which in turn offer low-cost mort­ planning and zoning and the issue of federal­ was beginning to take its toll. gages). They also looked a.t the possibility of municipal interaction in that process are Recently things have changed for the bet­ establishing a loan guarantee fund, as one both very complicated. One legislative assist­ ter in Hoboken, a mile-square municipality way of encouragin g banks to lend Hoboken ant asked a WACO delegation, "If bad on the western banks of the Hudson River homeowners money. planning ls good enough for the other large opposite New York City. Within the past two These ideas are still under revi-ew. They cities why isn't it good enough for D.C. ?" Still years the community of 45,000 has begun to may be useful later, McCarthy believes. To another told us to be quiet as we could hurt reverse the erosion of its living resources. start, however, lllP settled upon a stream­ "home rule." Because we find the language In no small measure, Hoboken's turnabout lined plan. For private sector funds the proj­ to be grievously deficient we can not remain is traceable to its Municipal Home Improve­ ec~ turned to bank monies available through silent. This bill is created to give us a meas­ ment Project--a home-grown, anti-abandon­ existing_ federally-insured programs, among ure of self-government. Many of us have ment unit that has turned the city into a them Title I of the 1934 Housing Act and worked long and hard toward this goal. We mort gage broker of last resort. FHA-backed mort gages. For public sector are convinced that the provisions of H.R. The new program, known locally as HIP, grant fu~~s. ,the project used money from 9683 dealing with the planning and zoning was established in 1971 by Hoboken's Model Model Cities $2-million annual supple­ matters work to the detriment of all con­ Cities agency, following an in-depth exami­ mental budget. cerned: city and federal governments, and n ation of the city's housing situation. HIP is essentially home-grown. Nonethe­ the citizens of the District of Columbia. The core of Hoboken's housing problem, less, _it does resemble in some important ways We therefore request that you act to delete the agency's analysis revealed, lay in the Section 312, the Federally Assisted Code En­ these sections, 203, 423 and 492 from H .R. virt ual absence of bank financing essential forcement program (FACE). Like FACE 9682 and that the issues they represent be for major housing renovation and repairs. A which is being phas"J. out by the government' considered in separate legislation with the National Urban League st udy of housing filP focuses upon nousing rehabilitatioO: care and thoroughness they deserve. abandonment in seven cities, conducted in rather than n ew construction. Both programs 1!)70, arrived at similar conclusions about Very sincerely yours, make 3 per cen t loans available for major JOHN P. BARRY, Hoboken 's housing picture. home renovation-althou.;h FACE doesn't Chairman W AOC. After interviewing local bankers a.nd real use the grant/ loan system. Both programs estate brokers, Urban League analysts re­ are linked by the notion that low-cost money ported that "no conventional mortgage funds should be a~ailable to correct code violations. are available anywhere in Hoboken for the B~yond th1S :;:ioint, however, the paths improvement of existing buildings." Build­ HOBOKEN, N.J., HOME IMPROVE­ diverge. ing owners, in other words, had to deplete · HIP was speciaily constructed to meet MENT PROGRAM HAil..ED BY NA­ t heir savings accounts, or borrow from in­ TIONAL LEAGUE OF CITIES Hoboken's specific problems and to build ln.ws, if they wanted to improve their dwell­ upon, a nd preserve, the city's specific ing::;. st re:1gths. Thus the project limited the use A second crucial point united the investi­ of its grant funds to owner-occupants of HON. DOMINICK V. DANIELS gn.t ors . Hoboken has an extremely large num­ ~o~oken dwellings. This i ~ not an extreme OF NEW JERSEY ber of resident landlords in buildings with limitation since 2,400 of Hoboken's i1. 100 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES one to four units. ·This on-site owner group res~dences h~ve landlords on the site. (r,;:;ger could provide the backbone needed in a bat­ Wednesday, September 26, 1973 buildings, without on-site owners, are being t le to save housing in Hoboken, Model Cities reno~a.ted through other programs, including Mr. DOMINICK V. DANIELS. Mr. planners and Urban League analysts agreed. HUD s Project Rehab.) In 1960, nearly two-thirds of Hoboken's Speaker, in the September 1973 edition resident ial structures had owners on the In addition, HIP decided against becoming of ~ation's Cities, the publication of the premises--just about the highest landlord simply another code enforcement project. Once a list of repair guidelines has been met National League of Cities, Ivan Silver­ live-in rate in the nation. By 1970 the rate HIP monies can be used for any r.easonabl~ ~an discusses a unique program of home had slipped to 60 per cent as many owners abandoned their homes. But it was still ex­ purpose. Code infractions, in other words improvement undertaken by the city of aren't a pre-requisite for HIP loans. ' ceptionally high. Hoboken, which is worthy of study by "We wanted to promote project amenities all Members of this House. "The owner-occupancy rate began to curve down in the middle Sixties," Michael Ehr­ to make Hoboken's neighborhoods more at­ Hoboken is one of America's oldest mann, mp coordinator, says. "We wanted to tractive. We also wanted to avoid discrimin­ cities. It has all the problems common curve it back up." ating against owners wr'> had been meetina­ to our crowded older municipalities. It As the high, live-in landlord rate suggests code requirements," Martin McCarthy say; would have been easy for Hoboken's city Hoboken has its share of stable neighbor~ After '1.andling basics like plumbing, wir­ government to simply throw up its hands hoods--blocks where women polish brass door ing, and heating, Hoboken homeowners have and say: "What's the use?" But the "Mile knobs on Saturday mornings while men sweep used HIP funds to remove plaster from walls the pavement before their homes. and expose the brick beneath; to open up Square City" has had three mayors in closed fireplaces; and to plant trees. One a row, the late John J. Grogan, Louis De­ From the outset, ffiP's objectives were Hoboken resident used pa.rt of the low-cost Pascale, and now Steve Cappiello, who clear. It had to fill Hoboken's financing money to erect a tum-of-the-century gas vacuum by providing funds for major home light outside her elegant turn-of-the-century were made of sterner stuff. Despite the renovation. And it had to aid the city's resi­ fact that these three men did not al­ dent landlord population in the fight against home. ways agree on all issues they shared a abandonment. To make sure that tenants, a.s well a.s land­ lords, receive the benefits of HIP resources common dream for their city. Each made From the start, HIP received crucial assist­ the program requires owners to offer apart~ his own contribution in which they were ance from Hoboken's civic leaders and gov­ ment dwellers a two-year lease; to accept a assisted by very dedicated elected and erning body. Mayor Steve Cappiello and his limited return on their property; and to ,,slgn predecessor, Louis DePascale, provided back­ appointed public officials. Today Ho­ a. non-eviction agreement. ing needed to gain HIP broad support in the broken is a city on the way back from the In conjunction with low-cost home repair community. money, mP agreements have helped stabilize abyss. To achieve these goals, Martin McCarthy, Mr. Speaker, in the article to which I the rental market 1n Hoboken. a New York-based lawyer a.nd housing con­ "With access to 3 per cent funds, home­ have alluded, Mr. Silverman describes the sultant to Model Cities, devised a deceptively owners aren't forced to jack up rents in order city's highly successful home improve­ simple plan. McCarthy suggested the use of to meet remodeling costs," Martin McCarthy ment project which has won Hoboken a two-tier public sector-prlv te sector financ­ points out. national acclaim. I am happy to have ing system. Under this approach, building To get its program off the ground, HIP had a hand in obtaining Federal approval owners receive a "free" interest-reducing had to go outside Hoboken to develop new September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31735 financial sources for local residents. Banks Rx.GHT OUT Lom>-AMERICA NEEDS Us To country advertises its faults as compulsively in Jersey City, a mortgage banking firm in VOICE OUR LOVE OF COUNTRY and obsessively as do we?-America is still Plainfield, and other capital sources were (By Dr. Max Rafferty) far and away the fairest and the freest of all tapped. Recently, however, Hoboken banks I know it's the duty of every educator to the nations of the world. Watergate proved have become active in ma.king loans through correct illogic, combat ignorance and strive that for all mankind to see, With the stark the HIP program. valiantly against sheer stupidity wherever and public retribution which followed in­ "After watching out-of-town banks doing and whenever found. A teacher all my life exorably in its sorry wake. business in Hoboken, the local bankers be­ I've done my share of said correcting, com~ America needs our love, and she needs to gan getting back into the market," Michael batting and striving, so I should be hardened hear about it from us, even as our own loved Ehrmann says with a trace- of irony. and weathered to the task. Yet every now and ones do. To lower borrowing costs on the newly then, ~xamples of arrant asininity crop up to What's wrong with telling her once in a ava.Ua.ble capital, Model Cities initially used bedevil me, and I :find myself losing my cool while? Right out loud. (c) HUD supplemental funds a.s interest-reduc­ and even raising my voice. ing grants. In April 1973, after completing Consider the case of one of my colleagues, nearly 50 successful home repair jobs, mP a Rochester, N. Y., high school a.rt teacher received a special $200,000 grant from New named Mrs. Susan Russo whose sullen silence RAILROAD RETIREMENT ACT Jersey's Department of Community Affairs to during her classroom's Pledge of Allegiance expand its grant-loan program. The new was recently upheld by our stalwartly patri­ funds represented a breakthrough for HIP­ otic Supreme Court. Mrs. Russo, it seems, and something o! a breakthrough for the de­ refuses to profess her loyalty to her country HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL partment. because she considers its assurance of liberty OF VI.RGI.NIA "In the pa.st, we've concentrated upon and justice for all to be hypocritical." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES funding large-scale Rehab projects, rather Similarly, Ohio Rep. Thomas Bell a few than working through individual home­ months back became the :first legislator in Wednesday, September 26, 1973 owners," says Cynthia Jolson, program man­ that state's history to vote against a routine Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia. Mr. ager of the department's division of housing resolution to have the Buckeye State's House and urban renewal. "The Hoboken grant is Speaker, the Railroad Retirement Act members pledge allegiance to the Flag on the of 1937 includes a longstanding inequity a trial balloon. If it works there, we may well :first day o! every session. This 24-year-old go statewide with the concept." lawgiver says he's "opposed to making a which I hope to correct by today intro­ · The Community Affairs grant, combined mockery of my country's sacred documents ducing an arnendment to that act. with a.bout $1.25 million in "private" funds by continually reciting a pledge that we This amendment would provide that which it will generate, will provide low-cost continue to violate." a retired worker, receiving annuities loans for about 200 Hoboken homeowners Of the two, I consider Ms. Russo's blather­ under the act, may elect to be subject this year. With these funds, and with this ings to be the more reprehensible, i! only be­ program, the city of Hoboken has, hi effect, to a system of deductions from his an­ cause one would expect a schoolteacher to nuity on account of outside earnings in­ become a mortgage broker. have more sense than a state assemblyman, Although long-term results a.re not yet but there's actually not a groat's worth of stead of being subject to the prohibition available, the program has already ma.de its difference between this precious pair. Granted against returning to the service of the presence felt locally. At lea.st in Hoboken that an American has the right to hate his railroad or of his last employer. home repair fever seems to be contagious. ' country i! he has a compelling urge to do so. The Railroad Retirement Board ad­ In the future, in light of the increased Granted, too, that each of us sees identical ministers the third largest public re­ flexibility expected to be given to cities facts in the light of our own experience and through bloc grant funding, mP may be of tirement program in our Nation after personality. Still and all, the iron laws of the social security program and the pub­ more than local interest. Cities wishing to logic apply to all impartially. support housing development and to pre­ The rationale behind this refusal to express lic employees retirement plan. In the serve their older neighborhoods, might con­ respect for our country is that she isn't per­ year 1972, 1,098,000 retired railway sider developing their own home-grown pub­ fect. The pledge mentions "freedom and jus­ workers received $208,374,000 a month lic sector/priva.te sector programs. tice for all." We haven't yet achieved perfect in benefits. Officials from several New Jersey munici­ freedom, says Mrs. Russo, so such a statement As we all know, this is a very impor­ palities-including Newark, Asbury Park, and is hypocritical and she won't join her chil­ Eliza.beth-have visited Hoboken recently to tant program which affects very directly dren in expressing loyalty to their common the lives of millions of our citizens. examine the HIP blueprint. And, lawmakers country. interested in housing and urban affairs have Oh, come off it, Mrs. R. So we haven't at­ Since its establishment in 1937, the been in touch with Micha.el Ehrmann and tained perfect freedom yet. Your mother program has provided partial protection Martin McCarthy. The legislators say that didn't give you perfect freedom, did she? But against loss of income resulting from HIP'S approach to home repair just might did that prevent you from loving her? And old-age retirement, permanent disability, be the prototype for housing laws of the telling her so? death, unemployment, and illness for the Seventies. Since when does a goal have to be achieved Nation's railroad workers and their fam­ in order to be pledged? ilies. Then there's Rep. Bell. In addition, the Railroad Retirement AMERICA NEEDS US TG.> VOICE OUR To him, ideal justice is still somewhere in LOVE OF COUNTRY t~e dim future. Tell me, Mr. Bell, does your .Board participates in the administration wife always treat you justly? And if, being of the new Federal health insurance pro­ human, she doesn't, are you therefore going gram for older citizens. to stop loving her? Or telling her of your Under the Railroad Retirement Act, HON. BILL NICHOLS love? benefits are paid to workers who retire on OF ALABAMA You're going to have a fine, rewarding mar­ account of old age or disability to their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES riage, my friend. Just as you're going to be a. eligible wives, and to their ;urviving fine, rewarding citizen, I don't think. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 ,vidows, children, and parents. Teachers should teach their pupils, and Under the related Railroad Unemploy­ Mr. NICHOLS. Mr. Speaker while representatives should inform their elector­ ate, that it is always good to seek after per­ ment Insurance Act, benefits are payable reading the Sunday, September 23 edi­ fection. The very search for such a goal can­ to unemployed or sick railroad workers. tion of the Birmingham News, I 'came not but ennoble who take pa.rt in it. But they The health insurance program estab­ across an article by Dr. Max Rafferty, should also teach that to demand divine lished by the Social Security Amend­ In the article Dr. Rafferty takes to task faultnessness as a. prerequisite to love or to ments of 1965 covers railroad retirement those who seek to rundown, degrade, and public expression of that love--whether of beneficiaries and aged railroad workers throu~h nefarious ways, imply that one's mother, one's wife or one's country-is to banish love effectively and completely from on the same basis as other qualified America is no longer a country of free­ older citizens. dom, justice and humanity. Nothing human affairs. America is human, created by humans To be eligible for these benefits, a rail­ could be further from the truth. America populated by humans, not by gods. As such'. road employee must have at least 10 has repeatedly shown its care for those she will fall humanly short of perfection years of railroad service. Full retirement less fortunate and still remains the bas­ from time to time. The Founding Fathers annuities are payable to employees aged tion among all nations for freedom which never pretended that they were putting into 65 and over, and reduced annuities are we all hold so dear. operation a system that guaranteed freedom justice or anything else; au they did was t~ payable before that age under certain I would like for each Member of Con­ provide a permanent hunting license for each conditions; in particular disability an­ gress to read this column and would like succeeding generation in the eternal quest for nuities are payable befor~ the age of 65 to compliment Dr. Rafferty for his call of these elusive goodies. iI certain requirements are met. love to America: But with a.11 her faults-and what other ·wives of retired employees are eligible 31736 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September. 26, 1973 for full annuities if they are aged 65 or which I would like to restore and pre­ addressing to you at this time is to thank over, reduced annuities begin at age 62 serve for future generations by with­ you, Senator, for having restored my faith if the wife so chooses, or have children drawing from productive use a small in America. I am doing this not only in my in their care. Monthly and lump-sum portion of this prairie. own name but also on behalf of a large number of fellow Americans who feel as I do. benefits are payable to survivors of de­ While I recognize that buying up this I am the editor of the weekly newspaper ceased railroad workers under certain land could create inconveniences for a AUFBAU, published in New York City, which conditions. few landowners, I believe there is a na­ is the organ of the German speaking Jewish For the past 36 years this railroad re­ tional interest here in not letting the community whose members have immigrated tirement and insurance program has prairie be lost forever. Already there is to this country during the thirties and been an important part of the lives of too little prairie which has not been fourties as a result of the Hitler persecution millions of our people and has brought damaged or destroyed by pipelines, in their native land, Germany, Austria, increased security and happiness to power lines, roads, water impoundments, Czechoslovakia etc. Being the editor of their own community newspaper, I have been them. or other manmade intrusions. Past approached by many of them with expres­ If this amendment is adopted, I believe prairie park proposals in other States sions of admiration for you personally and the program will be substantially im­ have become dead issues when the re­ for the work of your Committee. I, therefore, proved and a long-standing inequity cor­ mammg prairie simply disappeared feel authorized to speak for them and to rected. while the proposals were being consid­ express their feelings as well as my own. To It seems very unfair to me to prohibit ered. I do not want to see this tragedy be sure, I have no formal mandate to do so, a man who has worked for a railroad all repeated in Kansas. but many, I am confident, will whole­ of his life and acquired considerable I have received a great deal of mail heartedly concur with me. skills and experience to be denied the on this subject-some in favor of the When we first came to this country, our opportunity to continue to use those hearts were filled with gratitude. We had park, some against. At this time, I would succeeded in having escaped tyranny, per­ skills in the Nation's service should he so like to share with my colleagues a letter secution, thought-control, police states and desire. Since the primary purpose of the written by a young man in my congres­ totalitarian contempt for law and individual act is to guard against loss of income af­ sional district. His feelings on the neces­ freedom. Upon arriving 'in New York harbor, ter the age of 65 it would seem to me to sity for presrving nature deserve serious we greeted the Statue of Liberty with tears be equally fair that some adjustment in consideration and attention. in our eyes; we became American patriots the annuities to be paid to workers who The letter follows: over night and willingly and enthusiastically choose to continue working for a rail­ PRAmIE VILLAGE, KANS., served in the American Armed Forces when road after the age of 65 be made. This is called upon to do so in the years of national September 8, 1973. emergency. why I have included a provision that a DEAR CONGRESSMAN WINN: My name is. system of deductions from his annuities Jack Hylton. I live in Prairie Village. I'm a However, as of late feelings of disappoint­ boy scout in troop 91 a_ge 11. I'm writing to ment began to creep into our hearts. To be related to his outside-earnings be estab­ sure, mQst of us had acquired a satisfactory lished. tell you that I'm in favor of establishing the National Grassland Park in the Flint standard of living for ourselves and our I am convinced that this amendment Hills of Kansas. I love nature all of wildlife families, permitting us to live in comfort will be welcomed by many railroad work­ is special to me. I think that putting in the and security, but the air we were breathing ers who believe that the present system park would be a very good idea. Nature I was no longer the air of the 1940ies. What is unfair to them and results in a loss of think is a place to feel like your troubles had become--so we kept asking ourselves­ valuable skills to the Nation. have all gone free just a free mind with of the land of the free, of the Home of the nothing to think about. It's a place to open First Amendment? Have we really sworn your eyes to see what God gave us. All man allegianpe to a country that is now being has don e .with nature is to destroy it pollute run by narrow-minded men without vision FAVORS PARK IN KANSAS water. and air and our land. They have not who .were betraying our hopes and id~als? opened their eyes· to see the world of nature. Do we have to be afr.aia to speak out loudly To me nature is more important than graz­ while the star-spangled banner is flying over ing land for · cows. We saw a small herd of· our h~ads? Do we .have to be afraid to cast. HON. LARRY WINN, JR. buffalo near Wamego Kansas. It would our_vote freely and are we still telling the OF KANSAS , really be neat to go and see some that are truth when we say to our children tha,t all is f IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in their own little pasture but with animals well ln America as long_ a,s an elected Presi­ that they lived with before. dent stands guard in the White House, pre­ Wednesday, September 26, 1973 Sincerely, serving our laws and traditions? Mr. WINN. Mr. Speaker, it was in JACK HYLTON. Many of us were tormented by grave July of 1971 that I first introduced leg­ doubts and unanswered questions. But I am happy to say that at last our minds are at islation to establish a Tallgrass Prairie rest. Again, we are breathing easier, a.gain National Park in Kansas. Although no. we can walk around proudly. Thanks to some action was taken on this bill during the SENATOR ERVIN AND THE WATER­ honest, courageous, upright and freedom­ 92d Congress, I have reintroduced the GATE COMMITTEE: A RESTORA­ loving men, our faith in the United States measure again this year. TION OF FAITH IN AMERICA and in all that this country stanus for has To refresh the memory of my col­ been restored. Your wisdom and kindness, leagues, let me say that this bill would Senator, your righteousness and your HON. BELLA S. ABZUG unwavering devotion to the Constitution, authorize the Secretary of Interior to OF NEW YORK your human understanding and respect for purchase and obtain interests in lands IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES your fellow-citizens have restored our faith; in Kansas which are necessary to pre­ and so have all the other Senators, within serve portions of the tallgrass prairie. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 and without your Committee who feel as you This bill would involve no more than Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, I recently do. So has Judge Sirica and his grand jury, 60,000 acres of land in the Flint Hills of so have some fifty or hundred newspaper­ read a thoughtful letter which I believe men and radio commentators, and so have Kansas, and this constitutes less than clearly states the conviction that the one-third of 1 percent of the State's all the others who helped defeat the sinister function of the Select Committee on attempts to reduce the United States to the grassland. Campaign Practices is vitally important stature of a police state. Moreover, the legislation would create to the democratic processes of our I have not had the honor of meeting you a research area within the park which society. The text of the letter from Hans in person, Senator, but let me repeat in would prove invaluable to scientists in­ Steinitz, the editor of AUFBAU, a weekly writing with all the warmth and sincerity at vestigating the effects of grazing on our newspaper published in my district, m.y comm.and that I am. grateful to you for land or searching for new, robust varie­ follows: having given me back my pride of being an ties of grasses for cattle. AN OPEN LETTER TO SENATOR SAM ERVIN American. Please accept the vote of thanks I realize, of course, that the ranchers of one who speaks for m.any and who in all in the Flint Hills love their land, and .JlJLy 31, 1973. Hon. SAM J . ERVIN. hum.111ty wishes to express to you and your they take care of it. Nevertheless, how­ Senator of North Carolina, Chairman, Senate associates a boundless gratitude and ever sincere their efforts, they have Select Committee on Watergate, Senate admiration. altered by their presence, the grassland Office Building, Washington, D.O. Sincerely yours, ecosystem of flowers and wildlife which DEAR SENATOR ERVIN: The purpose of this HANS STEINITZ, met the pioneers. It is this ecosystem letter which I am taking the liberty of Editor of AUFBAU. September 26, 1973. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31737 TRIBUTE TO SPENCER H. SMITH partment with the intelligence and clar­ Council not only hold public hearings on ity of vision we all hope to find 1n our this rate increase proposal but deny leading civil servants. them. HON. JOSEPH M. McDADE I want to pay my own personal tribute The inability of the Postal Service to OF PENNSYLVANIA to Spencer Smith as he leaves the direc­ perform as it has been charged and has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES torship of the Bureau. I will miss him; I promised to do is no excuse for penaliz­ will miss his competence; and the whole ing the postal patrons of America with Wednesday, September 26, 1973 Nation will miss the outstanding service unwarranted, inexcusable, and inflation­ Mr. McDADE. Mr. Speaker, just a few he gave all of us in his work. ary postal rate increases. short weeks ago there was a ceremony at I do not have to wish Spencer luck in the Department of Interior to pay trib­ his new work. He does not need luck. To ute to Mr. Spencer H. Smith, who was whatever job he will ever choose, he will leaving his post of Director of the Bureau always bring the same determination, MILITARY PAY of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife. Mr. the same talents, the same intelligence, Smith was granted the Department of and the job will be done better than any Interior's Meritorious Service Award by other person could have done it. He is a HON. ROBIN L. BEARD the Secretary. That award read as fol­ splendid man. He has served America OF TENNESSEE lows: well. We are indeed fortunate that he IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In recognition of outstanding leadership will continue to offer his wise consul to Wednesday, September 26, 1973 the Department of Interior and through and significant accomplishments in the field Mr. BEARD. Mr. Speaker, on Sunday, of natural resource conservation. it to the people of the United States. Mr. Smith's career has been characterized the 16th of September, the Washington by an extraordinary abi11ty to manage pro­ Post carried a front page story head­ grams and organizations and ingenuity in lined "GI Earnings Rated Above Civilian developing solutions to complex natural re­ POSTAL RATE INCREASE WAY OUT Pay." The story was based upon a Library source problems. As Assistant Regional Su­ OF LINE of Congress study done for the gentleman pervisor of River Basin Studies in Atlanta, from Wisconsin (Mr. AsPIN) who labeled Georgia, his effectiveness in negotiating water the study's findings "a real jolt." I management and mitigation plans with the Corps of Engineers and local drainage dis­ HON. RICHARD H. FULTON agree with that assessment, and I be­ tricts commanded the respect of other Fed­ OF TENNESSEE lieve that our distinguished colleague from Wisconsin has highlighted the glar­ eral and State agencies and materially ben­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES efited the Bureau's resource management ing disparity that continues to exist be­ programs in the Southeast. Mr. Smith has Wednesday, September 26, 1973 tween military and civilian compensa­ capably served the Bureau and the Depart­ tion. ment as the first Assistant Regional Direc­ Mr. FULTON. Mr. Speaker, the recent tor-Operations in the Bureau's Atlanta Re­ announcement by the U.S. Postal Serv­ Although the study itself notes that the gional Office, and as Acting Assistant Direc­ ice that it intends to increase first-class civilian income figures are "rough esti­ tor-Cooperative Services. He successfully postal rates by 2 cents and rates of other mates" the results still make clear the developed criteria for the protection of Alas­ classes of mail by an average of 25 per­ fact that military compensation trails kan fish and wildlife in conjunction with a cent is a disgrace wrapped in a scandal. that which is available in the civilian Secretarial task force charged with estab­ The disgrace is that these proposed in­ sector. The study report made available lishing guidelines for the development of creases are inappropriately inflationary in full in the RECORD for September 19, Federal lands on the Arctic North Slope, and 1973, discloses that the civilian sector he has discharged numerous other critical and come at a time when our Govern­ assignments for high level Departmental offi­ ment is fighting to keep the Nation's figures were computed based upon "em­ cials in an outstanding manner. As Director head above very troubled economic wa­ ployee compensation per manhour" using of the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, ters. a 40-hour week for a total of 2,080 paid Mr. Smith has infused new life and direction It is a scandal because these increases hours per year. No comparable manhour into the organization and has succeeded in are further evidence of the failure of the comparison was made, used, or attempted improving the effectiveness of the Bureau's by the study's authors for the military. resource management programs by instigat­ U.S. Postal Service to fulfill its man­ ing a new system of management by ob­ dated task of providing improved postal It is here that Mr. AsPIN has per­ jectives. Under his inspired direction, a new service and operating with improved cost formed a valuable service for all of us and functional organization has become a efficiency. concerned with proper compensation for program budgeting scheme has been adopted Ironically, the Postal Service cites ef­ our military men and their families. Any reality. In recognition of an outstanding ficiencies employed by second-class pa­ of us who have served in our Armed career in natural resource administration, trons as one of its reasons for increasing Forces at any time in the past three dec­ Spencer H. Smith ls granted the Department second-class rates by 38 percent. In his ades or so know that overwhelming mem­ or the Interior's Meritorious Service Award. appearance before the National Press bers of our servicemen routinely ex­ I have known Spencer Smith in his Club on Monday, Postmaster General E. perience 50-, 60-, 70-hour weeks, some­ work as Director, and I know few men as T. Klassen said the 38 percent increase times for months on end. deserving as he for such an award for in second-class rates is necessary because I probably need not remind any of our meritorious service. In fact, it was his a number of publications have cut the colleagues, Mr. Speaker, that these are fourth such award. weight and size of their publications to involuntary hours of overtime. The in­ Spencer Smith is no bureaucrat; he is reduce their postage costs. This, in turn, dividual soldier, sailor, airman, or a man who gets things done. In every has resulted in reduced postal revenues. Marine, cannot strike over this issue as office he has held-aquatic biologist with What is the poor second-class patron the employees of one of our larger auto­ to do. If he tries to cut costs by reduc­ mobile manufacturers just have. Per­ the Bureau; chief of fisheries with the haps Mr. AsPIN would care to inquire Mississippi Game and Fish Commission; ing his use of the mails his efficiency is further into the obvious element of in­ Assistant Regional Supervisor of the Bu­ rewarded by :financial loss. equity between the civilian and military reau's Atlanta Office; Assistant Regional If the Postal Service cannot reward sectors. Director of the Southeast Region; As­ efficiency and sacrifice any better than There is simply no provision in the pay sistant Director of Cooperative Services this I believe the Postal Service concept schedules of our Armed Forces to com­ in the Bureau-his whole life has been should be declared bankrupt and the pensate our military men for anything summed up in action. He found the prob­ Congress should restore it to its former over the 40-hour week upon which lems; he faced the problems; he solved departmental status. civilian pay per manhour of work is the problems. However, the future of the Postal based. In striking contrast every hour He had the talent to work with other Service is another matter for considera· over the basic 40-hours work week is departments of the Government when tion. fully compensated in the civilian sector there was a crossing of jurisdictions, and For the present I am going to urge, as usually at a higher rate than that used he had the capacity to run his own de- others are doing, that the Cost of Living for the regular 40-hour work week. 31738 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1973 I would urge our colleague from Wis­ thought we would be rewarded," said Car­ patrol the halls, absent students will be consin to continue and enlarge his study penter. "But we have no money. We can't considered delinquent, and anyone over 21 of military versus civilian compensation. take you." - can be barred (Harlem Prep has taken stu­ So ended, apparently, one of the nation's If our goal is reasonable comparability, dents as old as 28). While board spokesmen most enterprising experiments in private have said that they are sensitive to the spirit this first "rough" effort strongly suggests schooling for the dropouts of the ghetto. of Harlem Prep, one official has already sug­ how much remains to be done in this Harlem Prep was born in 1967 out of a mix­ gested that it might be moved from the area so vital in an all volunteer era. One ture of inner-city violence, white guilt and brightly lit supermarket to a drab, vacant additional area of military compensation black hope. At a time when 65 % of New public school nearby. which could bear much more study than York's black and Puerto Rican students were To some, these changes seem hardly tragic. it has received is some way to compen­ dropping out before finishing high school, If the city guarantees the lbasic financing, sate military families for the long months not even the vast promises of Lyndon John­ some former donors like Exxon and the Ford son's Great Society legislation seemed to be Foundation indicate that they would again of separation military service so routinely providing enough immediate help. So Eu­ provide special help. Says Exxon's Neblett: requires. gene Callender, a Harlem minister and local "It is important that alternative techniques Mr. AsPIN's effort is a good beginning. executive director of the Urban League, re­ of education be part of the public schools. It should be pursued further, particularly cruited a white college dropout and three The system should adapt and incorporate at a time when we are all watching with nuns a n d opened his school in a vacant change." Others are less sanguine. "All you growing concern the obvious faltering armory. Within a year, aided by $350,000 need to do is to look at the problem in other of the all volunteer experiment. given to the Urban League by six corpora­ schools to know what's going to happen tions and foundations (which later grow to here," says Math Teacher Keary. "The public some 50), Callender had organized 49 stu­ schools just -don't work for these kids." dents into Harlem's own tuition-free Exeter, HARLEM PREP complete with blue blazers. Those were symbols, but the whole idea of Harlem Prep was to alter the basic prospects THE TRAUMA IN SEXUAL ABUSE OF HON. CHARLES B. RA 'GEL of ghetto dropouts. Instead of routine voca­ CHILDREN OF NEW YORK t ional courses, half-heartedly taught, Har­ lem Prep stressed college-level math and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES English, economics and biology. It did not HON. DONALD ]} . FRASER Wednesday, September 26, 1973 grant a diploma u ntil a student had been OF MINNESOTA accepted into college. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, as we en­ "We'll help anyone as long as he's not an ter a new school term with schools open­ addict," said Callender's successor, Edward Wednesday, September 26, 1973 ing throughout the country, a tragedy Carpenter, 43, a veteran math teacher. He Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, I am en­ occurred in Harlem. Harlem Prep one alternately cajoled, encouraged and threat­ couraged that the social problem of child of our primary hopes for a viable alter­ ened his pupils. "Nobody hears the word abuse is receiving public attention. The native to the public schools which have dropout or delinquent around here," he told them, "but this is a workshop, not a picture Senate has passed S. 1191. The House so badly failed our community was not gallery. If you don't want to work, don't Education and Labor Select Subcommit­ able to accept students for the new term. come." tee on Education has scheduled hearings Harlem Prep, perpetually in financial At the same time, the rules were flexible, on this bill and related legislation on crisis since its beginning, had finally the discipline lieht. "People didn't force you October 1 and 5. The District of Colum­ come to the end of its road. Despite many to do anything," recalls Jacqueline Williams, bia Subcommittee on Labor, Social Serv­ efforts from all segments of the commu­ 20, who came to Harlem Prep last year when ices, and the International Community nity, including efforts by the Harlem she was "discharged" from her public school, because, she explains, "I t alked back to is also examining possible legislative re­ Prep students themselves to keep this teachers. Here you don't get suspended if sponses to this problem. vital community institution alive, we you don't work, but somehow, when it's up Monday, September 24, 1973, the were not able to raise enough money and to you, you feel a real push to learn and get Washington Post published Judy Luce also unable to convince the foundations on." According to Math Teacher Erskine Mann's article, "The Trauma in Sexual and corporations who had aided Harlem Keary: "We do:i't give our kids just one Abuse of Children." Ms. Mann has Prep in the past to continue their sup­ chance. We give them three and four-as thoughtfully explored an aspect of child port. There is a possibility that Harlem many as they need." abuse that is sometimes overlooked. Ms. Prep, through associating with the New In six yea.rs, 637 of the 1,100 students who attended Harlem Prep went on to college, Mann's piece is a useful starting place York City Board of Education, will be some to Harvard, Radcliffe, Vassar, Brown, for those of us concerned about the abuse able to obtain sufficient funding to re­ and the University of California. But in of children and the health of the Ameri­ main open. those same years, the anxiety ov~r ghetto can family. Association with the board of educa­ upheavals has also decreased, and so has The article follows: tion however, although it means renewed the concern of private donors. About half T HE TRAUMA IN SEXUAL ABUSE OF CHILDREN of Harlem Prep's supporters have turned to life for the Prep, means also new restric­ (By Judy Luce Mann) tions and a basic change in the educa­ other programs. Says Exxon's Spokesman Richard F. Neblett: "Most corporations Sherry's mother was a prostitute, but in tional philosophy and concepts which structure their grants to demonstrate in­ late December she was in the women's house have proven so successful in turning kids novation. They can't fund an independent of detention, unable to post $10,000 bond on who has rejected education into college­ program ad infinitum." a robbery charge. She left Sherry, who was bound highly motivated students. The S E NSITIVE SPIRIT then 4~, in the care of a boy friend and current issue of Time magazine has an his brother and asked another friend, a cab After the announcement that the school driver, to check on the girl to make sure article on Harlem Prep's record, its cur­ could take no new applicants, students set rent situation, and future prospects. she was all right. out with tin cans to seek donations from Shortly after 5 p .m. last Jan. 4, 10 days I place this in the RECORD for the in­ the neighborhood. It was a futile gesture after the mother's arrest, the cab driver formation of my colleagues in the hope (previous drives have raised merely 5% of stopped by the hotel where Sherry was stay­ that many of you will become interested the school's expenses). The only solution, ing. He found her on a bed, whimpering in the continued existence of Harlem apparently, lies in the public school system with pain. She had been burned, beaten and to which Harlem Prep was supposed to pro­ raped. Prep as a free and independent entity in vide an alternative. The school board has the Harlem community. agreed to take over the school-provided that Sherry became one of the 257 children who were victims of reported sex crimes in VALE, HARLEM PREP it obeys the rules. Meanwhile, unpaid teach­ D.C. during the first eight months of this It was opening day last week at the re­ ers are continuing classes for the 180 seniors who hope to graduate this year. year, according to police sex squad statistics. habilitated supermarket known as Harlem There were 242 sex crimes against children Prep, and some 400 would-be students If Harlem Prep survives, after negotiations under 16 reported to police during the first gathered in the auditorium beneath a large with the board, there will undoubtedly be eight months of 1972. sign bearing their African motto: Moja Logo changes. Only three of the school's 19 teach­ But police, prosecutors and psychiatrists (brotherhood, unity). Headmaster Edward ers have New York City certification, for who deal with the children and the molesters F. Carpenter greeted them with a somber example. Carpenter him.self lacks the admin­ say there are no reliable data available on the announcement--they had come for nothing, istrative credentials required for principals. extent of the problem. And what data a.re no new students would be accepted. "We If the standard public school rules are ap­ available do not detail who the child moles­ thought y;e were producing here, and we plied to Harlem Prep, security guards will ters were or where the incidents occurred. September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31739 Cases reported vary from on-going incest "One thing that's bad, though, is we don't He said a prosecutor must also consider the to single, vicious attacks. Authorities say keep data," she said. damage done to a child who is forced to take cases such a.s Sherry's, which require medi­ "Usually, how we get these (cases) has the stand. "Is it worth it?" he asked. lcal attention, are more likely than others been when the older sister who has been King said the "overwhelming majority" of to be reported. Most victims tend to be too abused by the lover, father or stepfather the cases involve "male defendants and fe­ frightened or ashamed to tell an adult if comes to the police because a younger sister male victims, and occasionally an adult male they are molested. is being threatened. The older sister got out; and male child." "Sexual molestation of children is a lot she is no longer afraid; she is tremendously They are prosecuted under several laws, more common than we believe," said Dr. sympathetic to what's happening to her including rape, sodomy, indecent liberties Harold Eist, director of the D.C. Institute of younger sister. This abuse usually goes on with a minor or enticing a minor to a place Mental Hygiene. "A lot more common than three or four years. for the purpose of taking indecent liberties. we would like to believe." "Then there is the single girl situation­ He estimated that grand juries return "two The cab driver took Sherry (not her real one girl in the family, or one who is much or three" indictments a month in child abuse name) to Children's Hospital. Annette Heiser, older than the other children. The man has cases and "two or three or four" a month in the doctor who treated her, said there were assaulted her. Many times, the girls say sexual abuse cases. "Not a lot, as you can bruises on the child's thighs, legs, buttocks, they've told their mothers and many times see,'' he said. and face. "She had a hemorrhage in one eye the mothers ignore it or won't believe it. The "Most of them end up in convictions. But and was bleeding from the vaginal area. girl puts up with it. Then, something hap­ that doesn't include all the ones that washed There were scratches on her abdomen and pens. The girl may attempt suicide, which out along the way." arms. Both palms had blisters on them that happened in one case, although it was not Sexual abuse of children, like child batter­ appeared to be cigarette burns," said Dr. a very serious attempt. Or she may run ing, is a crime that crosses economic barriers Heiser. away from home." and the molesters were often victims them­ Sh-erry's mother, brought from the women's Mrs. Huhn told of a 13-year-old girl who selves. The molester can be the senile grand­ house of detention to the hospital, was had relations with her natural father "over father, the alcoholic or drug-addicted father visibly upset by what had happened. She a period of time, until she couldn't take it or stepfather, a half-brother, a close family asked her daughter who had attacked her, anymore." The child ran away to a neighbor's friend, the trusted baby-sitter, according to but all Sherry would say was, "A man. A house but the neighbor said she would have psychiatrists. man." Sex squad detectives showed her pic­ to notify the girl's parents as to her where­ Dr. Belinda Straight, a psychiatrist at Chil­ tures of her mother's boy friend and his abouts. The girl broke down and told the dren's Hospital, has treated children and brother and asked which one had done it. neighbor why she didn't want to go home. adults who were victims as children and said She identified both. Then she pointed to The neighbor called the police. the lack of disclosure applies "even when a doctor in the room and identified him as "The girl told me she had never had re­ there is a good parent-child relationship. her attacker. lations with anyone but her father. Sub­ The child tends to think it's their fault or No one has ever been indicted in the attack. sequently, she got promiscuous. It was just that they've done something bad. They may The U.S. attorney's office took the case to a a reaction to the fa.ct that her father told also be threatened if they tell anyone." grand jury, which heard testimony from the her not to mess around with boys, then he "I've seen patients from all walks of life­ mother, the two brothers and another pros­ did this to her, therefore he couldn't be tell­ State Department children who have been titute who lived with one of the brothers. ing the truth." overseas and in the care of a non-English Each brother denied his own guilt and said "These kids seem not to know who to turn speaking caretaker where it happened over the other brother did it. Prosecutors who to. One thing that's consistent throughout: a period of time without the knowledge of handled the case say they had no credible the kids are afraid. Physical abuse," said the parents. It happens to middle-class chil­ witnesses. Mrs. Huhn, "goes hand in hand with sexual dren and children on welfare. Sherry's case, while atypically violent, il­ abuse. In many cases, the girls are beaten "It can happen anywhere. It can happen lustrates many of the dimensions present in when they resist. The fathers say they are from a stranger but more often from the the sexual abuse of children. Prosecutors, teaching them the facts of life. family or family friends," she said. "Obvious­ psychiatrists, police and medical doctors fa­ "A lot of the kids feel no one will believe ly, if there is violence, anger or threats in­ miliar with the problem say: them, and a lot of people don't. A lot of volved, it's more freightening. If it's an adult Such cases usually go unreported, espec­ mothers can't accept it. It forces them to who may be arraigned and the child picks up ially if they occur in the home. The children choose between the child whom they care the fear of the adult, the aggressiveness, the are silent through fear, shame or the notion for and the man whom they care for. Also whole experience can be overwhelming and that no one will believe them. a lot of children are afraid the father will result in severe anxiety. The child is the only witness and is often find out they've told and usually there a.re "The repercussions may be delayed. The either too young to describe what happened threats not to tell. That and the fact they child may experience shock and numbness or too afraid to be a reliable witness. fear no one will believe them are the two and go about play. Then the depression may Indictments are difficult to obtain because biggest reasons these kids don't come forth. set in and last for years and years." She, and of insufficient evidence, but once an indict­ And the longer it goes on the harder Lt is other psychiatrists interviewed said such peo­ ment is returned the defendant is usually for them emotionally." ple will often show up in their offices as found guilty. The children's reactions vary, Mrs. Huhn adults suffering from impotence or frigidity. Generally, the victims are girls rather than said. "Some of the younger ones are calm "With one girl," Dr. Straight said, "A fam­ boys, and their assailants are either their because they really don't understand what's ily neighbor would take her off, give her an fathers, stepfathers, mother's paramour, or a happened. Some of the older girls are very lee cream cone and molest her. She felt it young male relative. nonchalant. Some kids come in here and go would be very unkind to tell on him after Physical abuse such as beating often ac­ hysterical. he gave her the lee cream cone. Five years companies sexual abuse, especially when the "The youngest case I ever took to trial later someone exposed himself and she went child resists. was a 6-year-old girl who had been raped. into a severe anxiety state." The child usually is damaged psychologi­ She knew something was wrong. She could Dr. Straight told of another child who was cally, but the extent of the damage depends be very specific right up to the sexual en­ suddenly and mysteriously paralyzed from on the brutality of the assault or the ex­ counter and right afterwards, but she the waist down. Six months before she had tent of time that the abuse went on. couldn't discuss the encounter. She would ridden her bike to a playground and been start crying. All of them-both the boys Nan Huhn, an assistant D.C. corporation molested. The child, in thinking about going counsel who specializes in child abuse and and the girls-all seem embarrassed. Like back to the same place, developed paralysis neglect cases, has been meeting with repre­ they're the ciminals. Fear and shame are the and wasn't able to ride her bike back." sentatives of the pollce sex and youth squad two feelings they all seem to have." to tighten precedures for handling such cases W. R. King, chief of the grand jury sec­ "Some people who experience this kind of and to guarantee greater protection to the tion of the U.S attorney's office, said cases stress situation often have the compulsion to children. involving sexuai abuse of children are among repeat it, even though the experience was The sex squad, she said, will now routinely the hardest to prosecute. "The difficulty with frightening," Dr. Straight said. inform the youth division about a sex case sexual abuse is that most are of a fondling "Some of the children who've been trau­ involving a child. The youth division is em­ nature that don't leave any physical evidence. matized this way can become very seductive. powered to investigate the home situation In child beatings you have scars, which is not They can get others' into trouble. They begin and recommend removal of the child to the the case in indecent liberties. to act out the experience and become very court. If the father or stepfather is the sus­ "The wife is also often the only corroborat­ anxious in the process. It can happen as fre­ pect and if he is released on bail back into ing witness. She refuses to testify ( against quently with boys with a homosexual seduc, the home the child will no longer be in the her husband), which she can do. These tion." home to be threatened. things are weird. They come out of drinking, Dr. Straight said that if there is a substan­ Mrs. Huhn views this cooperation as symp­ jealousies between members of a family. tial age difference between the molester and tomatic of an increased awareness among You're all right if you've got a child {who is) his victim, "it can be very disorganizing. The public officials that sexual abuse of. children 10, 11 or older. Then you can communicate child can't put his mind on learning and be­ is more widespread than statistics show and with the child. But what if the child is un­ comes prematurely serious. He is caught be­ that it is distinct in some respects from child der 10? It's very difficult to use him as a. wit­ tween two worlds-an adult world and a battering or sexual assault on an adult. ness," King said. child's world-at a very young age. Some of 31740 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1973 the victims equate sexuality with violence, with adult relationships. He doesn't feel com­ and to all the clergy and laypeople who extreme secretiveness or fear. petent to approach a mature woman for sex. have served and been served by the "One of the biggest complaints that I hear He fears rejection, so he goes to a sit'..lation from adults molested as children or from where he has more control. Deep down these parish over the past decades. children is, 'My mother didn't believe it, or people think of themselves as children. didn't do anything about it, or changed the Sometimes when you talk to these people subject.'" they talk as if they were the victims a.nd the THE MILITARY MAW-PART V She told of one Foreign Service family child the aggressor. They feel like they'Ve wUh a 50-year-old caretaker who molested been seduced by the child.'' the family's 6-year-old daughter. The parents Sexual abusers of children, he said, often HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER found out what had happened but did not come from "mixed-up families. Some tend OF COLORADO fire the caretaker. "It's a clear message to the to be very isolated individuals, schizoids with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES child that the child won't be protected," she big disturbances in relationships all around said. them." Wednesday, September 26, 1973 Dr. Eist said that when the molester is the He and other psychiatrists and prosecutors Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, more father, stepfather or boyfriend, "there is interviewed knew of few cases in which and more is being said lately about Con­ often collusion between the mother and the women were accused of sexual offenses gress' role in reviewing defense requests. man doing the molesting. The mother, who against children. "I suppose they are much ha.s the sex hangup, relinquishes her respon­ less often reported as sexual offenders, prob­ An important question, not often asked, sibility to the daughter. ably because there is less aggression in­ is how and by whom the military budget "Very often the fathers involved in sexual volved," Dr. Lanham said. "We occasionally is developed and reviewed within the relations with their daughters are drug have an alcoholic woman who is chargad with executive branch. abusers or alcoholics. They have a poor rela­ seducing boys but that's very rare. There are We seem to assume that the executive tionship with their wife and the wife has aggressive homosexual women. These gener­ process which spawns the budget is a poor relationship with her children. ally do not get reported, but when you talk rigorous; that policies are sharply de­ "The major reason these women keep these to women in therapy you find it's happened to them, say, in boarding school." bated; options carefully scrutinized; and men around is that they can't tolerate the technological judgments fully tested. dependency demands of the children. They Both Dr. Lanham and Dr. Eist sald the (the mothers) keep him around as a dis­ child molester may find himself impotent More to the point, we act as if there has ciplinarian, as a buffer. These parents are with adult women and possibly with the already been some measure of informed very immature people. They turn to their child. civilian involvement, whether by the Of­ children for their dependency needs, which "I do know that many of the molesters fice of the Secretary of Defense or the are often sexual," Dr. Eist said. who are impotent become so enraged at their Office of the President. Dr. Eist estimated he has treated 100 chil­ own impotence that they blame the child," Dr. Eist said. "Then they react violently In recent testimony prepared for the dren who have been sexually abused in the Senate Armed Services Committee, past seven years. "I have not personally seen against the child.'' any child who's been sexually molested or Probably no one will ever know what trig­ Richard L. Garwin punctures this illu­ involved in incest who's not been damaged in gered the violent attack against Sherry. The sion. With the forced demise cf the child remained at Children's Hospital for a some degree." President's S-cience Advisory Committee, month and became aggressive and disruptive, he suggests there remains within the ex­ Some of them ultimately turn into child presenting a severe behavioral problem on molesters themselves, according to Dr. David the ward. Doctors and social workers who ecutive no independent civilian vehicle to Lanham, director of the District's forensic treated her had difficulty understanding her check the technical judgments of the psychiatry office. speech. They said her articulation was poor military. This vacuum has broad impli­ "In the history of some of these individ­ although she appeared to be a bright child. cations in defining the job we must do in uals, you'll find sometimes they have been They found old, healed scars on her body­ Congress. victims themselves. It is similar to the bat­ an indication that this was not the first time tered child, but most people have come to be­ Mr. Garwin, a former and distin­ she had been beaten. guished member of PSAC, also explores lieve there is something wrong with people Sherry was placed in the custody of the who batter their children," he said. department of human resources and moved with a good deal of insight the nature of "Sex offenders cover a whole range and to St. Ann's Infant Home in Hyattsville. defense management generally. Relevant spectrum of humanity," he said. "They range There, under the care of nuns her speech im­ extracts from his excellent testimony from the mentally retarded, the (person who proved, although she remained an anxious, follows: has) organic brain disease, the psychotic, to frightened child. She would sometimes say TESTIMONY BY RICHARD L. GARWIN the geriatric. Some are under the influence her mother was dead. Her mother visited her of alcohol and drugs. Just as all human twice a month, always arriving late and al­ INTRODUCTION beings are potential murderers, all human ways bringing a gift of candy. It is a pleasure for me to be able to re­ beings are potential sex offenders. Obviously, On Sunday, Sept. 9, during visiting hours spond to the Committee's request for com­ some have the potential closer to the surface. Sherry was kidnapped from St. Ann's by her ment on the Defense Department budget "There has existed for many years, a cate­ mother. She has not been found. proposal for FY-1974. On defense-related gory of sexual psychopath. This is what most matters I testified to committees of the Con• people think of when they think of the sex­ gress in 1972 in support of the SALT Agree­ ual abuser of children. ments signed by President Nixon, May 26, "Sexual psychopaths are not psychotic, not 1972, and also in support of increased em­ brain damaged. They are what people gen­ ST. MARY'S CHURCH CELEBRATES phasis on Defense Exploratory Development. CENTENNIAL erally equate with sexual deviates. He may BACKGROUND present himself as a very likeable human A brief biography is attached. As a physi­ being. He may be fairly intelligent, person­ cist and technical manager, I have worked able, relate well. He may also be a tortured HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON OF MARYLAND for twenty years in industry both on basic human being, contrary to the portrait painted research, and very broadly on modern tech­ of them as cold, unfeeling monsters without IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nology. I have been Director of Applied Re­ guilt. That's not necessarily true. The person Wednesday, September 26, 1973 search in the IBM Research Division. For may be very tortured, guilt-ridden person more than twenty years I have worked for who wrestles with these impulses, knows Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, this past one or two months a year or more as a con­ that they are wrong, but is pushed by these Sunday, St. Mary's Episcopal Church in sultant to the United States government or irresistible impulses. Woodlawn celebrated the lOOth anniver­ to its contractors on matters of national de­ "A lot of the people we see are extremely sary of its founding and its first worship fense or intelligence, where I have made dangerous, potential murderers. But not all major technical and programmatic contribu­ are. There are sex offenders who are very service which was held on September 25, 1873. tions to the design of nuclear weapons, to little likely to be violent with their victims. ABM and air-defense systems, to military Some have a more sadistic core." I was honored to be among those at the aircraft and antisubmarine warfare, to the The child molester, he said, "can become commemoration events which expressed interpretation of intelligence, etc. My great­ dangerous when he gets scared of being the continuing life in the community for est opportunities for constructive interac­ found out and murders the child. These of- these past 100 years. These events in­ tion with the Department of Defense ex­ fenses occur in critical times in the indi­ tended throughout my two four-year terms vidual's life, such as death in the family, cluded the Annual Visitation by the Rt. K. as a member of the President's Science Ad­ separation, severe loss. Anything that will Rev. David Leighton, Jr., Bishop of Maryland; a parade through the com­ visory Comm.ittee from 1962-1965 and 1969- cause depression in another person, may 1972. During that time and afterwards, I cause him to act it out," by molesting a munity; and an old fashion fair includ­ was a member or chairman of such panels as child. ing arts and craft displays of yesteryear. the Strategic Military Panel, Military Air­ The molester, Dr. Lanham said, "has poor I know you join with me in extending craft Panel, Antisubmarine Warfare Panel, self concept, immaturity, trouble dealing our best to Rev. William H. Fallowfield Naval Warfare Panel, and of several ad hoc September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31741 panels dealing with defense problems or op­ agement, but it would enable the Committee HAPPY BffiTHDAY METROPOLITAN portunities. to exercise its authority more effectively and TRANSIT COMMISSION The President's Science Advisory Commit­ responsibly. tee and its panels over the years 1957 to 1972 I support many of the current programs gave a majority of its efforts to the enhance­ and recent changes in DOD. For instance, the ment of national security. It did this in two elimination of the draft has increased the HON. BILL FRENZEL quite different ways: cost of manpower to DOD through the re­ OF MINNESOTA moval of an imputed tax on those who were 1. It assumed a responsibility on behalf of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the President to interact continuously with serving involuntarily. Faced with the real the Department of Defense on technical mat­ cost of manpower, the Defense Department Wednesday, September 26, 1973 ters in order to ensure the soundness of tfie can now make a better choice of weapon technical approach to the development of systems in order to obtain minimum cost for Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, Septem­ new systems and to ensure also that new de­ a given capability. Passage of the Uniformed ber 19 represents the third anniversary velopments and weapons improvements took Services Special Pay Act would give the De­ of public ownership of our bus system in advantage of technical opportunities as they partment the necessary tools to do this job. the Minneapolis/ St. Paul area and it is became available. Among the greatest interactions among indeed a cause for celebration and some 2. The committee assumed for the Presi­ weapon systems and programs was the nega­ well-deserved pats on the back. Our dent the job of assessing technical aspects tive capability contributed by a system with enormous cost overrun. It froze out other transit agency in the past 3 years has of U.S. and allied military capability .against managed to do what few other commu­ likely opponents. systems. It reduced the numbers of aircraft bought perhaps by a factor 2 or 3 or 4 in nities can claim, they have stopped the It is in this dual role of aiding and assess­ order to keep the total program cost within decline of transit ridership and can point ing military R. & D. on the one hand and bounds, and in many cases provided no net .assessing military capability on the other instead to a 16 percent increase in pa­ increase in military capability. Thus, "design tronage. that I have spent much of the last fifteen to a cost" (if it is more than a slogan) can years. The Office of Science and Technology be a significant improvement in the man­ In the process, the MTC has nearly was abolished by President Nixon in a state­ agement of defense resources, as can the ap­ doubled its route network and is well ment of January 26, 1973, and the President's plication of technology "to reduce costs as along in its efforts to acquire modern Science Advisory Committee .also seems dead. well as to increase performance." The committee was created in 1957 by Presi­ equipment. To their credit, the agency dent Eisenhower to help him in matters of has not been afraid to try new approach­ national security. With the demise of PSAC, es including minibus service and free the Administration lacks independent tech­ WHO CRUCIFIED RESPECT? rides for senior citizens in off-peak nical judgment on military matters. I think hours. Probably most important for the it is not generally appreciated the extent to long-range success of mass transit in our which the Defense Department through 1972 HON. JOHN E. HUNT area, they are beginning to change the was involved with and to some extent depend­ OF NEW JERSEY image of public transit in the Twin ent upon the independent evaluations of PSAC. Nor is there a general awareness of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Cities. Prior to public ownership, the the extent to which former and present DOD Wednesday, September 26, 1973 stoogey system was considered to pro­ managers express the need for restoration of vide a highly unreliable service. It was a PSAC-like activity in the White House. Mr. HUNT. Mr. Speaker, the enclosed an open invitation to take the car. Only In addition to my long involvement in de­ verse, written by A. J. Dennen, was the so-called captive riders who had no fense matters on behalf of the President's printed in the most recent issue of Lib­ other options were left to indure the pro­ Science Advisory Committee, I have served erty magazine. Entitled "A World Calls," gressively deteriorating service. Today on the Defense Science Board in the Depart­ it asks questions many of us have been because of the improved service and im­ ment of Defense itself, for instance chairing a raising for quite some time. I bring it aginative marketing, the public attitude task force on .advanced tactical fighter air­ to the attention of my colleagues: craft which prepared a report for Secretaries is changing and the ridership figures Laird and Packard in 1969. A WORLD CALLS speak for themselves. THE NATURE OF DEFENSE MANAGEMENT Who crucified respect? Nobody, least of all the MTC, believes The most important questions in defense Who slashed the image of the badge? that we have won the battle. The mass management are not whether some new Was it an unsuspecting public? shysters? transit system still carries a miserably weapon system can be built and at what politics? criminals? police themselves? small proportion of total trips and the cost. They are rather whether it is worth­ the press? novelists? TV? you? me? area is embroiled in a controversy now while to buy a certain novel capability which Who discovered the intellectual weapon to accomplish what all brute force could over the direction of future transit de­ will become effective five or ten years hence, velopment. The recent success of the re­ in view of the possible military threats and not--subtle violence to mankind: ridi­ the technological alternatives on the two cule planned? vitalized bus system have only wetted sides. Frequently, vast increases in military Was it evil's crafty concept to slay the our appetite. Whatever the decision on capability may be obtained by modest modi­ noble with mud? long-range transit development, the new fications of existing systems, while new air­ What happened to the dream of children long bus system is providing a solid founda­ craft or ships in fact offer only mild im­ ago tion upon which to build. Other cities provements. In air attack on ground targets, who wanted to wear the badge of bravery, across the conutry would do well to take for instance, major improvements of the last to fight for right in the blue of contemporary a closer look at the transit success story decade have come from the incorporation life: into existing aircraft of LORAN precision good and wise and true, seeking evil to de­ in the twin cities. An article describing navigation systems on the one hand and the stroy it, our expanded bus service follows: u:;e of the laser-guided bomb on the other. establishing order, making the world a place PuBLIC OWNERSHIP: 3 YEARS LATER Jiowever, like any bureaucracy, the Penta­ to live in? The fabled words of the carnival barker gon tends to deny its managers a valid as­ What happened? sum up bus riding in the Twin Cities in the sessment of the options. Even more does it Did infection just slither into the blood late 1960's: "Ya pays your money, and ya deny such a view to the Office of l'danage­ stream? takes your chances." ment and Budget (OMB), the President, and Wouldn't SOMEman - in - the - world have Some aspects of the art of riding the bus the Congress. To quote an old friend of stopped THAT? in that era were uncertain to the point of a mine: "The purpose of a military briefing is Who changed "police" to "fuzz"? "officer" to coin toss. Would it be within a few minutes not to convey information but to fill time." "pig"? of its appointed arrival time? Would it reach So long as it remains easier and more pro­ Who hid the good, wise, true? spotlighted its intended destination, without incident? ductive for the Defense Department to fill the stupid, coarse, brutal? Would the heater be working? the time of the committee than for DOD to Was it greed? prejudice? apathy? ignorance? volunteer adequate information on its pro­ lust? ambition? Other aspects were depressingly certain. posed programs and on the alternatives to Who made him the butt of jokes, dupe of The bus would have seen no fewer than six these programs, that is what will happen. spies, years of service, and maybe three times that. Responsible decisions on the major questions fool for seduction and masterminds? Fewer and fewer locations would have bus of manpower costs, weapon system procure­ Who nightmared the beautiful? service. The fare would be higher next year. ments, phasing down of existing operations, Aimed the machine-gun at the life line of In the late 1960's the bus system was etc., do depend on a presentation of the order? owned and operated by Twin City Lines, a alternatives, and the same information Who? What? When? Why? subsidiary of Minnesota Enterprises, Inc. which is used by the DOD in its decision- Will ANYMAN . . . can Anyman . . . re- Twin City Lines, like any other private cor­ making ought in most cases to be available store • . . rebuild . start over . . . ? poration, had to show its stockholders a to this Committee. In no sense would this Anyman? profit. And black ink alone was not enough; involve the Committee in day-to-day man- A. J. Dennen the profit had to be commensurate with the 31742 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1973 return an investor might expect if he took hiS more committed. Speaking of the Nicollet awards Twin City Lines $6.51 million for c-6.pital elsewhere. Mall, there are now small, QT buses there, acquisition. Consistently delivering such a profit was as well as in St. Paul and in suburban St. September 19, 1970-MTC takes control of uniquely difficUlt in the bus business in the Louis Park, all providing innovative circUla­ Twin City Lines and begins operating bus affluent, auto-conscious '50's and '60's. More tion service. system. cars meant more urban sprawl, which meant In 1970 there was a sign at each bus stop. September 27, 1970-University express bus any bus route would generate less revenue It said, "No Parking, Bus Stop." Well and service inaugurated. for any given mile. Yet operating over that good, if you are driving a car and want to October 22, 1970-0pening of first bus mile was becoming more and 1nore expensive. avoid a ticket or a tow, but not very helpful shelter in Columbia Heights. Even with the best of motives, manage­ for a bus rider. By 1973 busy downtown cor­ December 24, 1970-Award of contract for ment's options were limited. Unprofitable ners had signs providing complete route and purchase of 93 new air-conditioned transit routes had to be cut back. New equipment schedule information for routes serving them. coaches with emission-control equipment. was out, and amenities such as bus shelters Bus stops served by just a few routes had March 6, 1971-QT buses begin operating were unthinkable. As fed-up riders aban­ less elaborate signs identifying the routes by ln downtown Minneapolis. doned transit in favor of still more auto­ number. All bus stops throughout the met­ August 23, 1971-Red Ball Express service mobiles, higher fares had to be charged to ropolitan area were being marked at mini­ started. those who remained. Those who remained, mum by the famliar, "T" logo. January 1, 1972-Free fares for senior cit­ of course, tended to be those affected the Another way bus riders can get information izens implemented. most by higher fares, people unable to own is by telephone. In 1970 the single bus infor­ February 15, 1972-New signing program cars. mation operator on duty during most pe­ begins. The situation was becoming quite intoler­ riods was only slightly less accessible than June 7, 1972-Award of contract for pur­ able from the standpoint of the quantity the President of the United States. Her nick­ chase of 222 new air-conditioned buses. and quality of a public service. At the same name was Howard Hughes. The MTC hasn't JUly 15, 1972-Beginning of second cen­ time heavy reliance on the automobile was yet done away with the busy signal, but tury of public transit in the Twin Cities. bringing with it a whole set of urban prob­ with B,dditional operators on duty now, an November 24, 1972-QT buses begin oper­ lems: periods of traffic congestion, air pollu­ average of 3,500 calls a day are handled, com­ ating in downtown St. Paul. tion, excessive freeway construction, poor pared with 1,850 in September, 1970. December 11, 1972-I-35W express bus land use, additional urban sprawl. Besides the physical improvements in the service started. It was against this backdrop that the Met­ bus system, service itself is much more August 15, 1973-Award of contract for ropolitan Transit Commission, a public agen­ plentiful today than three years ago. It is purchase of 236 new air-conditioned buses. cy established by the Minnesota Legislature, also better suited to the needs and desires of September 5, 1973-Approval in concept of decided in 1969 to acquire the bus system. area residents. a new fare zone plan based on concentric By themselves, the words "public owner­ Today it is a much more accurate general­ circles. ship" were not magic. Costs to a public ity to assert that you CAN get there from agency woUld rise as fast as to a private here, and by bus. The system the MTC ac­ corporation. The automobile showed no signs quired in the fall of 1970 included 521 miles ELECTION REFORMS of going away. And a 20-year-old bus with of bus routes. That figure is well on its way a faulty heater remains so, no matter who to doubling, now at 930 miles and climb­ owns it. ing. Additionally, buses themselves are now HON. CLARENCE J. BROWN But when they considered the question logging more miles, reflecting in part greater OF OHIO of public ownership in 1969, members of the service frequency. Metropolitan Transit Commission realized Express service has been emphasized in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES there were some distinct advantages to a the expansions that have taken place, with Wednesday, September 26, 1973 public agency operating a public service. several hundred miles of express routes now Most significant was the ability to shift being operated, virtually all of it coming Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, last the emphasis from profit to service. There about since public ownership. The fourteen week, along with my colleagues who woUld be no stockholders demanding the express routes serving the I-35W corridor serve on the House Republican Task marginal routes be trimmed to protect their south of Minneapolis on a demonstration Force on Election Reform, I was pleased return. To be sure, the MTC would be spend­ basis are drawing record numbers of passen­ to present my views on task force recom­ ing public tax dollars, and would need to do gers, and national attention as well. so judiciously. But service would no longer The ultimate test of public ownership, of mendations which I believe will lead to depend on profit for its existence. the MTC's improvement program, is the re­ a strengthening of our current campaign Moreover, as a public agency, the MTC spon se of the riding public. That is where laws. With the thought that my col­ would be able to apply for federal grants MTC gains are most impressive. leagues may be interested, I am inserting for capital improvements, such as new buses. When the MTC purchased Twin City Lines, into the RECORD the text of my remarks That the federal government funded such ridership had been declining steadily. It had ~ on legislative recommendations for re­ improvements on a two-thirds federal, one­ fallen off 13 per cent in the previous year form of campaign financing: third local basis meant that every local dol­ alone, due largely to a strike. Since pub­ Vmws OF HON. CLARENCE J. BROWN ON lar woUld have three dollars worth of pur­ lic ownership, the Twin Cities area has ex­ chasing power. perienced the virtually unique phenomenon ELECTION REFORM So, after lengthy legal proceedings, the of increasing ridership. By the end of 1973 Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to join today MTC took the keys of 632 buses and three patronage is expected to have climbed 16 with my colleagues on the House Republican garages on September 18, 1970. Bus riding per cent over its pre-MTC level. Task Force on Election Reform for this Spe­ was not instantly better. But at that time a It is wen worth noting that, with all these cial Order to report on the activities of the systematic program to improve the bus oper­ increases, one factor has remained constant: Task Force. My good friend Congressman Bill ation was initiated, a program that was to the fare. There are few things that could be Frenzel, who has acted as Chairman of our progress steadily into the mid-1970's. bought in 1969 for 30 cents, which can still Study, deserves special credit and commenda­ Its objective was to make bus riding at­ be bought for that price. A bus ride is one tion for his leadership during the many tractive again, to lure motorists back into of them, thanks to a fare stabilization pro­ weeks of hard work which went into the the bus, to reverse an alarming statistic: in gram estabilshed by the MTC and the state preparation of our recently released Report the preceding quarter-century transit rider­ legislature. and Recommendations on Campaign Finance ship had dropped to little more than one­ For people over 65, bus fare has actually Reform. fifth of its post-World War II level. gone down, they pay nothing during off­ While events of the last year have certainly Three years after public ownership began, peak hours. provided sufficient public demand for cam­ in September, 1973, the MTC inarguably has So September 18, 1973, is a very happy paign reform to make our efforts seem selfless, a success story on its hands. birthday, for the MTC and for the bus riding in reality there has also been a selfish motiva­ That conclusion is inescapable in compar­ public in the Twin Cities area. tion in everything we have done. Selfish because no one knows better than a profes­ ing any facet of bus riding in 1973 with CHRONOLOGY sional politician that the best way to gain that of 1970. April 22, 1970-Authorization to sell $6 reelection is to run an honest campaign. To Take buses, for example. In sheer numbers, million in certificates of indebtedness for the extent that we can draw guidelines which the fleet has grown from the 632 buses orig­ purchase of bus company. help assure that end, we enhance our own inally acquired to 710 vehicles. Some 315 of May 27, 1970-Retention of American careers. Nevertheless, this has primarily been the buses are new replacements for ancient Transit Enterprises (ATE) to manage bus the public's work, and we believe that this equipment. Making up almost half the :fleet, line operations. Republican Task Force has risen to the chal­ the new buses are all air-conditioned and de­ June 5, 1970-Urba.n Mass Transportation lenge with which it wa.s charged-the devel­ pendable. By next spring 236 more new buses Administration a.wards federal grant for up opment of a legislative proposal designed to w111 have arrived. to $9.7 million for two-thirds of the cost of insure the integrity of our democratic Save for the Nicollet Mall, there were no purchase and improvement of Twin City process. heated passenger shelters in 1970. By Septem­ Lines. As is true with any effort of this type, our ber, 1973, 55 had been installed, with 80 August 19, 1970-Condemnation panel group was not in unanimous support of September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31743 every recommendation. Each of us had par­ .contests and politicians with large cam­ matter how tightly drawn-will prevent a ticular concerns and interest areas which we paign contributions, they are able to keep willing abuse. All we can do is structure a promoted, and our nnal product can best be. ..friendly ears" in Washington for their paro­ framework within which honest individuals described only as a consensus. Kone of us chial interests. While in theory there is noth­ can function politically without violating the favors every proposal made, yet I can safely lng essentially wrong with the expression of rights of others or the integrity of the sys­ say we all feel that collectively our report a common viewpoint through a collective tem. We are, therefore, not confident that represents as responsible, comprehensive, and campaign donation, in practice there are enactment of these recommendations would aggressive a group of recommendations as has serious flaws. More often than not, donation be a cure-all for the type of political wrong been offered for consideration thus far. decisions are made by Washington-based doing we have observed recently. We are con­ My own greatest efforts as a member of executive committees with little or no input fident, however, that they would, in a most the Task Force were directed towards the from the individual union member, doctor, explicit manner, put everyone on notice that adoption of Report recommendations 3, 4, or businessman who is the original source they would be publicly accountable for their and 5. Briefly, I want to describe and ex­ of the money. In essence these people are actions. What we are saying, is that an in­ plain these three proposals in hope that bet­ asked to pour money into the wide mouth formed public will make wise decisions. We ter Congressional and public understanding of a. funnel without any real idea of where hope that the Congress as a whole can be per­ of them will promote their early enactment the spout comes out. The only thing they suaded to that opinion. into law. know is that "it will help the cause." This, Basically these three points address them­ I think, is wrong-it frequently corrupts the selves to the problem areas involved in the individual's donation in ways which he donation of "group" contributions to a po­ would never understand or approve, and it IN SUPPORT OF THE TV BLACKOUT litical campaign and the expenditures of makes a mockery of the "informed elec­ OF PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL "group" funds to influence elections. The torate" concept by encouraging boss-type key ingredient in honest politics-as in al­ politics. If funds are to be aggregated for a GAMES most anything else-is accountability. If the particular use, it should be the result of a public knows who gave or spent what on conscious deci.Sfon on the part of the indi­ whom, it can be trusted to make .rational vidual contributor and not a result of the HON. DON EDWARDS judgments in choosing its elected officials. independent machinations of Washington OF CALIFORNIA But the system breaks down when there are lobbyists. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES secret supporters and covert lines of influ­ Recommendation No. 4 therefore provides Wednesday, September 26, 1973 ence. The answer, then, is to account for that group contributions may be accepted campaign finances. by a candidate's committee only if the Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. Recommendation No. 3 provides: group's individual contributors have indi­ Speaker, I wish to express my doubts con­ "All campaign expenditures shall be made cated in writing that they wish their money cerning H.R. 9553, overwhelmingly by the candidate's authorized campaign com­ given to support that specific candidate. In passed by the House, and to report to the mittee, except that expenditures may be essence-it forces the individual to decide made on behalf of any candidate by political how his political donation should be spent. House my reasons for opposing it. This party organizations but such expenditures Summarizing, this provision would thus bill lifts the television blackout on pro­ will be considered as a contribution to the serve to tighten the group's accountability fessional football games. This measure candidate's authorized committee." (and to its members, and the politician's account­ will, I believe, have serious effects on will be subject to the limitations in No. 8). ability to the individuals who supported his professional football teams and related Under existing legislation any special in­ election. businesses such as food and parking con­ terest group-whether it be business, labor, Recommendation No. 5 provides: cessions. At this point, I would like to in­ Except in those instances in which a con­ ideological or otherwise-may spend unlim­ my ited amounts of money to influence the out­ tributor has expressly designated or ear­ clude in remarks the following ar­ come of political contests. Sometimes this marked a contribution for the benefit of a ticle by James Reston from the Septem­ practice ts accomplished openly and the particular candidate, a political party orga­ ber 15 issue of the New York Ti.mes: sources are disclosed, but mo.re often than nization may contribute to an authorized FOOTBALL AND POLITICS not these expenses are hidden. They take a committee wthout identification of the origi­ (By James Reston) multitude of forms-free printing, gratuitous nal contributors. WASHINGTON, Sept. 15-It's an undemo­ telephone banks, an~ the like. Technically a To those not sophisticated in how the con­ cratic thought, but whenever the President, candidate is presently required to report tribution game is played, Recommendation the Senate and the House of Representatives these services as donations "in kind", but if No. 5 may sound innocuous; those who do agree on something in a hurry and almost he or she doesn't know--or chooses not to understand, however, will know that it would unanimously, with shouts of approval from know about them, they are not reported and end the practice of contribution "washing." the people, you can probably be sure that accountability is ignored. Recommendation Currently it is possible to secretly earmark something's wrong and the thing won't last. No. 3 would cure this defect in the cur­ contributions to a political party. The can­ The big pro-football decision in Washing­ rent law. It would prohibit campaign ex­ didate ultimately receiving the donation ton illustrates the difference between what penditures by an entity other than a candi­ merely reports a contribution received from is popular and what is sensible. All the big date's campaign committee or a political his political party and the original source of shots in this town who had been disagree­ party organization. In either case, the bene­ the money is lost. This recommendation ing about Watergate, prices, interest rates, ficiary campaign committee must make a would not prohibit "earmarking" per se; it welfare, busing, the dollar crisis, the energy full disclosure of the expenditures and they would only take the secrecy out of it and, crisis, the pollution crisis and the school cri­ become a part of the aggregate spending limi­ again, provide the accountability in the sys­ sis have suddenly agreed to resolve the foot­ tation imposed in Recommendation No. 8. tem which is presently lacking. ball crisis by passing a. law that home games From a practical standpoint, enactment of Anyone who has studied these three rec­ should be televised at home it all the seats this recommendation would result in a com­ ommendations with any care, will recognize are sold 72 hours before kickoff. prehensive listing of all campaign expenses that in my discussion I have left out one It is clearly the most popular decision made in one place-the candidate's campaign com­ point common to all-that is the exemption here since the repeal of the Volstead Act mittee federal filing form. for political parties. Political parties may legalizing booze, and it will undoubtedly work In my opinion such complete disclosure make campaign expenditures on behalf of a for a year, since all seats in most pro-football will provide the accountability which is candidate, but no one else can. Political par­ cities are sold out, but you'd better enjoy it presently lacking in our election laws. ties may make "group contributions" without while it lasts, for next year will probably be Recommendation No. 4 provides: the individual's specific designation, but no different. "No authorized committee may accept con­ one else can. Political parties may earmark Not different for the commercial establish­ tributions from other than individuals or donations, but no one else can-at least se­ ments that buy up blocks of seats at the political party organizations. It may receive cretly. The theory behind these exemptions, games for their clients and write off the cost contributions from other organizations act­ and I think it is a good one, is that our two­ as a business expense, or for the football ing as agents of individual contributors pro­ party system provides for healthy government fanatics who not only love the game but also vided the individual contributor so desig­ and should therefore be encouraged. We be­ the emotion and excitement of the crowd. nates and the contribution is identified as to lieve that given the type of responsible free­ But for the average fan, who probably makes the original donor." dom which these recommendations provide, the difference between a full stadium and a It is a known fact in Washington that a party organizations will grow in strength and half-full stadium or at least a lot of empty small number of business, labor, and profes­ importance and will become increasingly the seats, next year will be an economic problem. sional organizations exert influence on the formu for political expression. This, of Even in Washington, where the Redskins federal government far out of proportion to course, means that they will become in­ are the only winners in town, you have to the constituency which they serve. The man­ creasingly accountable for their actions, and have your doubts. ner in which they accomplish this is through that, as I have said before, 1s our ultimate On a sparkling September or October day the accumulation of large amounts of cash goal. even driving bumper to bumper through the collected in relatively small donations from In closing I would remind my colleagues, town and climbing to your $9 seat behind a their members. By zeroing in on key political and concerned Aznericans, that no law-no post can be fun. But in November, when it GXIX--2000-Part 24 31744 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1973 rains, and in December when it's cold, the temptation not to attend will be further Trooper Dobrowolski continued to assist notion of spending at least $20 and maybe as increased if the fan can sit in his warm the victim with breathing in an ambu­ much as forty bucks to see a game you can house and see the game on TV. The ef­ watch free and in comfort at home, could lance while en route to the hospital. make a wife, or even the football nut she's fect of the no-show is felt directly by Without doubt, the outstanding efforts stuck with, begin to wonder. the concessions and supporting facilities of Trooper Dobrowolski saved the young Politically, the decision of Congress and such as parking. The revenue to these man's life. the President is a dream. Most of the time, facilities could be greatly c'iminished Because of his noteworthy act, State politicians are taxing people for services the with the lifting of the blackout. These Trooper Michael Dobrowolski will re­ people don't get, but in this case, they are revenues are depended upon to help keep ceive the Red Cross Certificate of Merit. giving the people for nothing services that the facilities and teams going. For in­ This is the highest award given by the belong to somebody else. They wouldn't ask General Motors or the Metropolitan Opera to stance, the Buffalo, N.Y. stadium uses American Red Cross. The certificate will give away what these commercial enterprises concession revenue to amortize their sta­ bear the original signatures of the Presi­ are trying to sell but they are asking the dium construction bonds. So a reduc­ dent of the United States, Honorary football owners, who now have to negotiate tion in concession business will reduce Chairman, and Frank Stanton, Chair­ $100,000 contracts with the lawyers of quar­ their construction bond amortization man of the American National Red terbacks, to give away what they are trying payments due to increased no-shows. Cross. to sell, and a.re asking the customers whether The televising of home games could they would like to pay at least $20 to attend also diminish fan participation thus a game they can see on television free. ONE STUDENT-ONE BUS It is a dicey proposition, but maybe it will radically changing the game. With the work. Pro football is a craze in this country. increase of no-shows and lack of interest It is one of the few things left that are really to actually be at the games, the spirit HON. JAMES G. MARTIN professional. While almost everything else is that is so essential to today's football OF NORTH CAROLINA ambiguous and obscure, without clear rules games will slowly fade away. This could IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES or "definitive" decisions, even in the Supreme cause the beginning of the decline of Court, football is as precise as the multiplica­ football in this country. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 tion table. It has a beginning, a middle or half-time Another problem which the bill does Mr. MARTIN of North Carolina. Mr. with pompon girls and music, and it has an not even discuss is those areas where two Speaker, restraining myself from a host end. Also, it has a field of play a hundred professional teams are located. For ex­ of remarks that could be made about the yards long, clearly defined sidelines, referees ample, in the San Francisco Bay area absurd consequences of judicial dictator­ whose decisions are final, instant replays on there are two professional football teams, ship over our schools, I am privileged to doubtfuI points, and you know who has won the San Francisco Forty-Niners and the share with the Members of Congress the at the end. Oakland Raiders. If the Raiders, for in­ following news article which recently ap­ Naturally, all this is very popular because it is drama.tic and definite. A quarterback is stance, were playing a very important peared in the Charlotte, N.C. News: not like a Secretary of State: he either makes game which had met the 72 hour sell-out LONER: BILL'S THE ONLY PASSENGER ON it on third down and four yards to go, or he rule so that it could be televised and the SCHOOL Bus No. 417 fails. It takes a generation to find out wheth­ Forty-Niners were playing an unimpor­ (By Brooks McGirt) er Henry Kissinger was right or wrong, but tant game, the Forty-Niner attendance The caller to West Charlotte High School the judgment on Sonny Jurgenson is clear would undoubtedly be greatly diminished wanted to speak to a student: Robert John­ and on the scoreboard by 5: 30 every Sunday by the televising of the Oakland game. son. afternoon. Fans would not even buy tickets for the "Oh," said a secretary with instant recog­ In a country where public interest and San Francisco game if they knew 3 days nition. "He's Billy McNeilly's bus driver." trust in football is greater than in politics, in advance that the Oakland game would And Bill McNeilly is Robert Johnson's pas­ the Government's decision on televising senger-his only passenger. the games is probably more interesting to be on TV. However, if the Oakland game The one-passenger bus service, which both the people than its judgment on Watergate were not televised, attendance of the San students say they "don't really mind," is a. or trade with Russia, so maybe there is after Francisco game would most likely be result of lottery assignment of some 600 all a vast audience that wants to put out higher. white students to west Charlotte this fall. the money and energy to attend the games, The effects of this bill should be Shortly before school began Bill's family even if they can be seen free at home. watched very carefully and the results moved from where it was living when the Outside of places like Cleveland, where should be analyzed very critically with lottery picked him as a West Charlotte stu­ they have more empty seats than football all sides participating in the discussion. dent to Lake Norman and northernmost nuts, most cities have a long waiting list Mecklenburg County. for season tickets, and it could be that, even We would be defeating our purpose if we The latest desegregation order doesn't per­ with televising of local games, the demand allow the televising of local games but mit students who have been assigned to West for tickets will still exceed the supply. cause the eventual collapse of profes­ Charlotte by lottery to transfer-even if they But the guess here is that it won't. If any­ sional football in the United States. move to another part of town. thing in America today exceeds the popular And since the school system must provide interest in pro football, it is not politics, transportation to students who don't live Watergate, Nixon, Agnew or Kennedy, but within walking distance of their school, bus the cost of groceries and interest rates, in­ HEROIC DEED No. 417 was assigned to make the daily trip flation in general. And when football tickets to Bill's stop off Torrence Church Rd. cost at least $9 a throw for something that "At first it felt kind of funny," said Bill, can be seen, and often seen better, on TV HON. ROBERT P. HANRAHAN 17, a junior who didn't attend school for the free, the outlook next year, and even this OF ILLINOIS first two weeks while officials tried to figure season in bad weather, is for empty seats. out what to do. Fortunately, Congress has agreed to review IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "I was kind of worried about West Char­ its generous decision after the experiment. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 lotte at first too, but it didn't turn out that If the games don't sell out, there will be no bad," he said. television, and the old system of blacking Mr. HANRAHAN. Mr. Speaker, I "I like it pretty good," he said of the "pri­ out home games will, and probably should be would like to bring to the attention of vate" bus service. revived. Meanwhile, this should be quite a my colleagues, the heroic deed of State Bus driver Johnson, who gets up at 5:30 season, and you should probably enjoy it Trooper Michael Dobrowolski of Calu­ every morning to make the 22-mile run to while you can, because it probably won't last. Lake Norman from his Hidden Valley home, met City, Ill. says it isn't that bad a route. There are several possible damaging On June l, 1973, Trooper Dobrowolski, The 17-year-old West Charlotte senior effects of this bill. The most serious is who is qualified in Red Cross advanced liked his previous route better, one with that of increasing the "no-shows", that first aid, was informed that a young about 25 passengers. And the fact that most is a person who buys a ticket but does man, the victim of an apparent heart of them were girls didn't hurt one bit. not attend the game. There were 624,686 attack, was lying beside a roadway. One wouldn't expect him to miss the racket When Trooper Dobrowolski arrived, the of a loaded bus. But surprisingly, Robert, no-shows during the 1972 season. There who drove buses his sophomore and junior are many reasons why people buy a victim had stopped breathing. He im­ years, says the lack of distraction is dis­ ticket but do not attend. Weather is mediately began to administer artificial tracting. probably the main reason for most no­ respiration until breathing was restored; "It's kind of boring," he said. "There's not shows. If the weather is bad, the number he also directed others present to assist anything going on with just one person on of no-shows will increase. However, the with other resuscitative measures. the bus. September 26, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31745 "He sleeps and I drive," Robert added good­ mitted Hawaiian Airlines to offer senior The resulting effect of this backward naturedly. citizen rate reductions and, since the in­ response to paper needs has been disas­ Bill admits he catches 40 more winks dur­ ception of this program several years ago, trous to our urban centers. Cities ing the morning ride: with a whole bus to himself there are plenty of places to stretch that carrier has had an enormous in­ throughout the country are running out out. In the afternoon he could do his home­ crease in senior citizen customers. of adequate incinerator and sanitary work, but doesn't he added. The blind and the handicapped, re­ landfill space. The Nation's capital is one "I don't really mind it," Robert said. "I get gardless of age, are subject to many of of the many cities that has run out of paid for it and I've got to go to school any­ the same problems which afflict the el­ landfill space and is in need of new non­ how." derly-particularly in terms of fixed in­ polluting incinerators. A few representa­ Still, he misses all those girls ... comes which do not keep pace with in­ tive statistics from Colorado's Second The situation is not unique this year, flation. For this reason, I am including District, which I am privileged to repre­ school officials say. the blind and the handicapped in the Similar situations involving about four sent, are also illustrative. In 10 short students and two buses have also arisen at provisions of the bill. If the blind or han­ years, 1960 to 1970, the city of Boulder, Harding High, also affected by the court dicapped person requires attendance, the Colo. has doubled in population. With order. "We've had several so far," said schools' attendant would also be eligible for the this incredible growth has come a waste Transportation Director J. W. Harrison. "I reduced fare. disposal problem of dynamic proportions. don't know what to expect in the future." Retirement should be the "golden Within 5 years, the landfill capacity of It's not an ideal solution, he said, but it years" to relax and enjoy the fruits of Boulder will be fully utilized. To further was all they could do for the present. Mean­ while, officials are looking for other answers. a lifetime of toil, not a time for isolation illustrate the need for incentives, it has "There are a lot of possibilities," Harrison and lonely existence due to the restric­ been estimated that recycling of post­ said, including perhaps contractin g another tions of the pocketbook. The legislation consumer wastes has saved municipal­ carrier, private or commercial, for the service. I am introducing today will not take ities $160 million per year. In the meantime, the crew and passenger funds from the Federal Treasury, but it With the obvious economies involved, of bus No. 417 are expecting the passenger will provide untold hours of pleasure and one must ask why the trend toward ef­ list on their bus to increase-by one. enjoyment for those in the autumn of ficient paper use was reversed. In the Another West Charlotte student ls expected life. I hope that the Members of the to move to northern Mecklenburg County last 7 years 25 companies have shut down shortly. House will give careful consideration to 45 paperboard machines with a resulting this proposal and will lend their full loss of 1 million tons of capacity. Re­ support. cycling pape:rboard, it appears, is a diffi­ REDUCE THE COSTS OF TRAVEL FOR cult and marginal business. Profit mar­ THE ELDERLY gins are small, equipment is old, and RECYCLING WASTE PAPER competition with products of virgin ma­ terials is difficult. The recycled paper that goes into stationery and tissue prod­ HON. BOB WILSON HON. DONALD G. BROTZMAN ucts is a high grade waste paper that will OF CALIFORNll OF COLORADO never find its way into the solid waste IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN T HE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES stream because of its value. The problem, Wednesday, September 26, 1973 then, is to find ways to increase use of Wednesday, September 26, 1973 the lower grades of waste paper that will Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, in our Mr. BROTZMAN. M:i.-. Speaker, the go to the city dump if it is not recycled. mobile, transient society, families are United States is fast becoming one gigan­ My bill, Mr. Speaker, will supply the often dispersed from coast to coast, sep­ tic repository for solic wastes. A tour of means to that end. arated by thousands of miles. Where once grandparents lived in close proximity to the countrysides surrounding our large In short, I propose a fixed $10 per ton their children and grandchildren for urban centers reveals acres of iand iedi­ tax credit to users of waste paper. Lim­ most or all of their lifetimes this is no cated to the principle of beautiful pack­ itations on the credit are imposed to as­ longer the case today. As a result, many aging. The largest single contTibutor to sure against abuse. A tax credit is simple these monuments of waste is low grade to compute and administer and, it can be senior citizens, living on reduced retire­ paper of the newsprint and paperboard ment incomes-often further diminished variety. Ironically, at the very same time, as permanent or as temporary as needs by the ravages of inflation-exist in iso­ the Nation finds itself with an increas­ dictate. Moreover, a f"iXed dollar amount lation and loneliness. The retirement ingly serious newsprint shortage. Many places the highest incentive on the lowest years should be a time to enjoy life and small papers must limit the size of their grades of waste paper which are the expand horizons, now that seniors are no most difficult to recycle and the most longer tied to the daily strictures of a editions because of their inability to ac­ job. Unfortunately, this is often not the quire adequate quan~ities oI newsprint. likely to end up in the solid waste sys­ Accordingly, I am today introducing tem. case. legislation that addresses this problem I am today introducing a bill to make If thought of in terms of an ecosystem, by amending the Internal Revenue Code my bill would provide a needed link in the it possible to reduce the costs of travel of 1954 to provide incentives to improve for the elderly. This bill will authorize the economics o.i. recycling waste paper. life cycle of paper. Initially, it would the airlines and surface transportation Although the effects of such a proposal help manufacturers develop new and bet­ to offer reduced travel fares for those are incalculable at this point in time, ter methods of retrieYing waste i::aper. over age 65, the blind, and handicapped there is no questi ""'n of the de-irability of Also, those interested in collecting pa­ during nonpeak times. This measure will recycling used material as opposed to per would receive a better price for their work considerably to the advantage of treatment and disposal. It would be a effort. Further, it would generate the both senior citizens and the transporta­ giant step toward ~leaner air and water tion industry. With reduced fares, many necessary capital for improving the qual­ and it would provide a needed holding ity of low grade recycled waste paper and elderly people would be able to stretch action against the persistent drain on their incomes to purchase a ticket to visit defray pollution abatement costs. the grandchildren in the Midwest, or our natural resources. A study conducteu. by the Midwest Re­ sister Sue in Texas, or that old college In 1972, U.S. consun.. ers ~ed 64 million search Institute has determined that un­ roommate back East. I have discussed tons of paper and paperboard. Of this, less new production facilities are de­ this proposal in my own district and re­ 37 million tons ended up in the Nation's solid waste system while only 13 million veloped, the percentage of recycled paper ceived an enthusiastic response from will drop to 17 percent. If we seize the many senior citizens, who feel they would tons were recycled. In 1944, when the country was operating at peak wartime initiative, however, the rate could con­ be able to travel if reduced fares were ceivably increase to 26 percent by 1985. available. efficiency, 36 percent of the paper and It is my hope, Mr. Speaker, that a ma­ In addition, the transportation indus­ paperboard consumption of the country try would profit as well. Senior citizens was filled by recycled waste paper. jority of my colleagues will join me in would travel at nonpeak times and fill Despite the new-found interest in ecol­ support of this legislation. We can no seats that otherwise would· stand empty. ogy, only 21 percent of the country's longer afford to shrink away from those The Civil Aeronautics Board has per- paper needs came from waste in 1972. desolate areas of land we call dumps. 31746 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS . September 26, 1973 ENVffiONMENTAL LABORATORY which will occur not only in the immediate urban-suburban potential, and population project area but the area surrounding the dynamics. The Political Science Department reservoir site. ls expected to study areas of land use, includ­ HON. CLARENCE J. BROWN The information gathered will be avail­ ing industrial zoning regulations, legal as­ OF OHIO able to assess what special operating criteria, pects, intergovernmental services, and state if any, are required in order to provide proper park-urban area interaction. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES handling of the resources studied. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 This will include an evaluation of the in­ tensity of recreational use the land can sus­ COVERAGE OF PRESCRIPTION Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, tain without endangering the animal com­ DRUGS UNDER MEDICARE following is an article from the Witten­ munities and vegetation within the area, berg University Alumni Bulletin con­ according to Dr. Louis Laux, associate pro­ cerning a unique study being conducted fessor of biology and project director. HON. JEROME R. WALDIE by the Wittenberg faculty and students "The fact that the dam and reservoir are under a contract with the Army Corps situated near an urban area gives the Wit­ OF CALIFORNIA tenberg students an unusual opportunity to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of Engineers to determine the environ­ integrate a wide variety of seemingly un­ mental impact of the Clarence J. Brown related information," Dr. Laux said. Wednesday, September 26, 1973 Dam and Reservoir located at Spring­ "The students will get a chance to ex­ Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, today I field, Ohio. This flood control project is amine more than just the biological and am introducing legislation to provide one of the first in the United States to physical changes. They will be able to esti­ medicare coverage of certain prescrip­ provide a public lake and park near a mate and, in future years, evaluate how a tion drugs purchased outside the hospital metropolitan area. large state park near a city will affect the population, land values, and secondary eco­ by aged and disabled beneficiaries of that The Army Corps of Engineers will use nomic effects. No other group or university program. This legislation is similar in its the Wittenberg findings in connection to our knowledge, has had the opportunity to intent to that which I introduced in the with its environmental impact stateme examine st.ch diversified aspects," he said. last Congress-and which was also in­ to be issued under the provisions of the Because there is so little precedent for de­ troduced in the Senate by Senator PERCY 1970 National Environmental Policy Act. signing a continuing program, Wittenberg must produce a simple and direct program of Illinois. As the Members will recall, Also, Wittenberg University, which is the Senate Finance Committee studied located at Springfield, will have an un­ to facilitate accurate monitoring but still make the program flexible enough to respond the Percy bill and other proposals to paralleled opportunity to continue over a to unanticipated impacts, Dr. Laux explained. cover drugs under medicare and even­ period of years its studies of the physical, As well as a large amount of physical ground tually approved a less comprehensive, but biological, and socioeconomic impact of observations, the Wittenberg contracts will still excellent, measure as part of that this 4,000-acre site. These studies will also rely heavily on aerial photography and bill. Although the provision passed the provide invaluable data and material, other remote sensing data collection methods Senate, unfortunately it was dropped in not only to the Wittenberg faculty and provided by the U.S. Army Engineers Topo­ graphic Laboratories. conference. The legislation I am intro­ students, but, also, to city of Springfield ducing today is almost identical to the officials and Ohio State officials to use, According to Dr. Laux, there is both educa­ tion.al value to the students and an advantage provision approved by the Senate last if they so choose, in making decisions to the community in making the study. year but without the provision requiring concerning the Springfield-Clark County Not only will the project provide a great medicare beneficiaries to pay $1 per pre­ area. I commend the faculty and stu­ opportunity for faculty-directed student re­ scription. dents of Wittenberg University for their search and a laboratory for classroom teach­ Mr. Speaker, I believe the adage that a interest and efforts. ing, but the information gathered will also be particular idea or proposal or program The article follows : available to community leaders for aiding in decision making. is one "whose time has come" certainly ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY: AN INTEGRATION "Wittenberg doesn't wish to be and will applies to medicare coverage of drugs. OF SEEMINGLY UNRELATED INFORMATION not be involved in maldng decisions for the Ever since medicare became effective in The Army Corps of Engineers concern for community, but we will be able to provide 1966, a number of Members of the Con­ environmental changes has opened a 4,000 the data needed to make knowledgeable deci­ gress have vigorously supported extend­ acre laboratory to Witten berg students and sions, at both the local and state levels, faculty. ing the program in this regard. We have concerning the future of the reservoir and now reached the point where legislative Wittenberg has been con tracted by the its impact on the Springfield-Clark County Army Engineers to conduct an environment­ area," Dr. Laux explained. proposals to cover drugs under medicare al impact study of the Clarence J. Brown The decisions pertaining to the reservoir have been refined so that the money Dam and Reservoir site. might range anywhere from zoning ordi­ spent will support those older people Members of at least seven academic de­ nances to Springfield sewage system ad­ who need help the most and the program partments will have the opportunity to study justments, he said. will cover those drugs which older people the physical, biological, or socio-economic Much of this information for the impact absolutely need. impact the reservoir will have on this un­ study and "baseline materials" will be col­ I believe that an outpatient prescrip­ usual area. lected this summer by Wittenberg students. The c. J. Brown Dam and Reservoir area Each department involved in the contract tion drug benefit is a necessary as well is unique because it is one of the first large has hired a student to work along with a as logical extension of the medicare public lake parks in the United States lo­ professor. At least ten students will be work­ program. Medicare now covers the cost of cated near a metropolitan area--Springfield. ing on the project this summer. Three drugs given to an inpatient in a hospital "We feel it is our obligation to be aware geology majors and Dr. Thomas Gerrard, as­ or an extended care facility. However, of the environmental changes which might sociate professor of geology, gathered base­ there is no coverage of individually pur­ take place because of the construction of line data this spring to be used for surface chased drugs. This is an extremely un­ this reservoir. It is, therefore, fortunate that analysis within the reservoir site. we have a university in the area qualified Hundreds of students. either in classes or fortunate gap in the medicare program to do the necessary studies," explained Dr. working on independent studies. will prob­ for two reasons: First, prescription drug Thomas Eastler, research geologist for the ably find themselves doing research on the expenses account for a large part of the U.S. Army Engineers Topographic Labora­ various aspects of the reservoir, Dr. Laux people on the average spend over $90 per tories, Photo Interpretation Research Divi­ said. estimate at least 20 percent. And aged sion, and coordinator of the Wittenberg­ The Geology Department will be assigned people on th~ average spend over $90 per Army Engineers contract. the task of studying such things as sedi­ Wittenberg's role in the project will be mentation-erosion dynamics, substrate con­ year on drugs and drug sundries. Second, twofold: ditions, ground water seepage, stream flow drug expenses are distributed unevenly -One of Wittenberg's responsibilities will trends, and watershed dynamics. The Chem­ among the elderly. Those with chronic entail conducting a detailed environmental istry Department will study the chemical illness are often faced with recurring study and impact assessment of the project water quality, while the Biology Depart­ and furnishing a draft of an environmental ment will get into the areas of animal dy­ drug expenses and there is really no impact statement that meets the require­ nalllics, vegetation dynamics, aquatic species choice involved in their purchasing such ments of the 1970 National Environmental distribution, and biological water quantity. drugs-either they are purchased gen­ Policy Act. The Economcs Department will look at land erally at great cost and financial sacri­ -The second requirement calls for Witten­ use dynamics, economic impact, recreational fice, or the older person dies. So this bill berg to prepare a comprehensive design for potential, market drawing power of the res­ a continuing study of the project and its ervoir area, and transportation. The -ge­ is really a lifesaving measure and cer­ impact. This study will be used, in later ography students will deal with recreational tainly merits immediate consideration by years, for monitoring changes and conversions values, climatology, agricultural potential, the Congress. September 27, 1973 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 31747 Basically, this bill would provide medi­ tablishing a copayment provision, we or processing of a drug from being a care coverage of drugs necessary for the are really asking an older person with a member of the formulary committee. The treatment of specific diseases such as dia­ chronic disease to pay on the average of committee holds the key to this piece of betes, high blood pressure, chronic res­ 20 percent of each prescription. While it legislation. It decided what drugs should piratory and cardiovascular diseases, is arguable that copayments for other be included in the f ormulary and, there­ arthritis, rheumatism, cancer, chronic health care services may serve to deter fore, to a great extent, what drugs are kidney disease, and so forth. The bill es­ unnecessary use of such services, this paid for by the Government under the tablishes a formulary committee to select is certainly not the case here. A person medicare program. It should be com­ the specific drugs to be covered. And, to has no choice in securing a prescription posed of not only people who are expert save administrative costs and the need drug; the doctor alone decided that. The in the field of health care, pharmacology, to handle large batches of paper, the bill $1 copayment, therefore, serves only to or pharmacy but, perhaps more impor­ provides for payment to be made directly keep the cost of the program down, and tant, individuals who have the consumer to pharmacies on the basis, generally, of I believe that this cost ought not to be average wholesale price plus a profes­ borne by people who are living on fixed, foremost in mind and not the massive sional fee or other dispensing charge. low incomes and who are seriously ill. drug companies. I want the formulary In my view, there is simply no justifi­ Therefore, I have not included a copay­ committee to work for the public interest, cation for asking older people to pay $1 ment provision in this bill. not the interest of the pharmaceutical per prescription. The average cost of pre­ Finally, this bill would prevent any industry and to reform current industry­ scriptions likely to be covered under the person engaged in the manufacture, oriented practices, not institutionalize bill is in the neighborhood of $5. In es- preparation, propagation, compounding, them.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Thursday, September 27, 1973 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. 1973, as "Johnny Horizon '76 Clean Up amendment of the House to the bill (S. 795) The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, America Month." to amend the National Foundation on the D.D., offered the following prayer: On September 21, 1973: Arts and the Humanities Act of 1965, and for H.R. 6912. An act to amend the Par Value other purposes, having met, after full and The salvation of the righteous is of Modification Act, and for other purposes. free conference, have agreed + .) recommend the Lord; He is their strength in the time On September 26, 1973: and do recommend to their respective Hou1'es of trouble.-Psalms 37: 39. H.R. 8070. An act to replace the Vocational as follows: Rehabilitation Act, to extend and revise the That the Senate recede from its disagree­ "O Thou, in whose presence our souls authorization of grants to States for voca­ ment to the amendment of the House and take delight, tional rehabilitation services, with special agree to the same with an amendment as On whom in affliction we call, emphasis on services to those with the most follows: Our comfort by day and our song in severe handicaps, to expand special Federal In lieu of the matter proposed to be in­ responsibilities and research and training serted by the House amendment insert the the night, programs with respect to handicapped indi­ following: Our hope, our salvation, our all." viduals, to establish special responsibilities That this Act may ·.:>e cited as the "National In this spirit, O God, we begin another in the Secretary of Health, Education, and Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities day and with those of the Hebrew faith Welfare for coordination of all programs with Amendments of 1973". we begin another year. Incline our hearts respect to handicapped individuals within AME.NDMENTS TO THE NATIONAL FOUNDATION the Department of Health, Education, and ON THE ARTS AND THE HUMANITIES ACT OF to read Thy word, to obey They com­ Welfare, and for other purposes. 1965 mandments, and to keep Thy law. Grant SEC. 2. (a) The National Foundation on unto us the peace of those who put their the Arts and the Humanities Act of 1965 is trust in Thee, the strength of those who MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE amended in the following respects: walk in Thy way, and the love of those (1) Clause (7) of section 2 of such Act is who live with Thee. A message from the Senate by Mr. Ar­ amended by striking out all that appears Give to our people the mind to think rington, one of its clerks, announced after "a National Foundation on the Arts good about our oountry, the heart to love that the Senate agrees to the amendment and the Humanities" and inserting in lieu her, and the spirit to so live that their of the House to the amendment of the thereof a period. conduct may carry with it the accent of Senate with an amendment to a bill of (2) Subsection (d) of section 3 of such Act the House of the following title: is amended by striking out ", purchase, reno­ cooperation. Keep our attention set upon vation, or construction" and inserting in lieu the tasks of ~ustice, mercy, and peace H.R. 7645. An act to authorize appropria­ thereof "or purchase", and by adding at the tions for the Department of State, and for that working for the common good we other purposes. end thereof the following new sentence: may find the joy and satisfaction of a "Such term also includes- sober and honest life; to the glory of The message also announced that the "(!) the renovation of facilities if (A) Thy holy name. Amen. Senate insists upon its amendment to the the amount of the expenditure of Federal bill (H.R. 7645) entitled "An act to au­ funds for such purpose in the case of any thorize appropriations for the Depart­ project does not exceed $250,000, or (B) two­ THE JOURNAL thirds of the members of the National Coun­ ment of State, and for other purposes," cil on the Arts (who are present and voting) The SPEAKER. The Chair has ex­ requests a further conference with the approve of the grant or contract involving amined the Journal of the last day's House on the disagreeing votes of the two an expenditure for such purpose; and proceedings and announces 1io the House Houses thereon, and appoints Mr. FUL­ "(2) the construction of facilities if (A) his approval thereof. BRIGHT, Mr. SPARKMAN, Mr. CHURCH, Mr. such construction is for demonstration pur­ Without objection, the Journal stands PELL, Mr. AIKEN, Mr. CASE, and Mr. poses or under unusual circurr.,tances where JAv1Ts to be the conferees on the part of there is no other manner in which to accom­ approved. plish an artistic purpose, and (B) two-thirds There was no objection. the Senate. of the members of the National Council on the Arts (who are present and voting) ap­ prove of the grant or contract involving an MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT CONFERENCE REPORT ON S. 795, expenditure for such purpose.". A message in writing from the Presi­ NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE (3) (A) That part of subsection (c) of sec­ dent of the United States was communi­ ARTS AND HUMANITIES tion 5 of such Act which precedes clause (1) cated to the House by Mr. Marks, one of Mr. BRADEMAS (on behalf of Mr. is amended by striking out "the Federal Council on the Arts and the Humanities his secretaries, who also informed the PERKINS) filed the following conference and". House that on the following dates the report and statement on the bill (S. 795) (B) In clauses (1) and (2) of such sub­ President approved and signed bills and a to amend the National Foundation on section ( c) such Act is amended by striking j oint resolution of the House of the fol­ the Arts and the Humanities Act of out "production" each time it appears and lowing titles: 1965, and for other purposes: inserting in lieu thereof "projects and pro­ On September 19, 1973: ductions"; and, in clause (3) of such sub­ H.J. Res. 695. A joint resolution authoriz­ CONFERENCE REPORT (H. REPT. No. 93-529) section, such Act is amended by striking out ing the President to proclaim the period of The committee of conference on the dis­ "projects" a.nd inserting in lieu thereof Septe!1}ber 15, 1973, through October 15, agreeing votes of the two Houses on the "projects a.nd productions",