DOCSLIB.ORG

Federal Register/Vol. 78, No. 231/Monday, December 2, 2013

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Federal Register/Vol. 78, No. 231/Monday, December 2, 2013 Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 231 / Monday, December 2, 2013 / Rules and Regulations 72025 excluded, under figure 2–1, paragraph DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND email Lieutenant John Bannon, U.S. (32)(e), of the Instruction. SECURITY Coast Guard Sector San Diego; Under figure 2–1, paragraph (32)(e), of telephone (619) 278–7261 or by email at Coast Guard the Instruction, an environmental [email protected]. If you have analysis checklist and a categorical questions on viewing or submitting 33 CFR Part 165 material to the docket, call Barbara exclusion determination are not Hairston, Program Manager, Docket required for this rule. [Docket No. USCG–2013–0580] Operations, telephone (202) 366–9826. RIN 1625–AA87 List of Subjects in 33 CFR Part 117 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Bridges. Security Zones; Naval Base Point Table of Acronyms Loma; Naval Mine Anti Submarine For the reasons discussed in the Warfare Command; San Diego Bay, DHS Department of Homeland Security preamble, the Coast Guard amends 33 FR Federal Register San Diego, CA NPRM Notice of Proposed Rulemaking CFR part 117 as follows: AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. A. Regulatory History and Information ACTION: Final rule. PART 117—DRAWBRIDGE The Coast Guard is issuing this final OPERATION REGULATIONS SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is increasing rule after publishing a Notice of a portion of an existing San Diego Bay Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) on ■ 1. The authority citation for part 117 security zone at Naval Base Point Loma August 28, 2013 (78 FR 53109). continues to read as follows: to support the construction of a new The Coast Guard received no Authority: 33 U.S.C. 499; 33 CFR 1.05–1; Naval fuel pier. Concurrent with the comments on that NPRM and as such, Department of Homeland Security Delegation construction of the new pier, the Coast no changes have been made to these No. 0170.1. Guard is also establishing a new proposed security zones. The Coast security zone at the Naval Mine and Guard also received no requests for ■ 2. Revise § 117.785 to read as follows: Anti-Submarine Warfare Command to public meeting. protect the relocated marine mammal B. Basis and Purpose § 117.785 Genessee River. program throughout the temporary The draw of the Colonel Patrick construction process. The security zone The legal basis for the rule is the Henry O’Rorke Memorial Bridge, mile modifications are intended to restrict Coast Guard’s authority to establish 1.2 at Rochester, shall open on signal vessels from portions of the San Diego regulated navigation areas and limited access areas: 33 U.S.C. 1231; 46 U.S.C. from April 1 through December 15; Bay in order to ensure the safety and Chapter 701, 3306, 3703; 50 U.S.C. 191, however, from 7 a.m. to 9 a.m. and from security of Naval assets. Both security zones will safeguard Naval assets, such 195; 33 CFR 1.05–1, 6.04–6, 160.5; 4 p.m. to 6 p.m., Monday through Public Law 107–295, 116 Stat. 2064; Friday, except Federal holidays, the as vessels, property and waterfront facilities from destruction, loss or injury Department of Homeland Security draw need be opened only for the Delegation No. 0170.1. passage of commercial vessels. From 9 from sabotage or other subversive acts. No persons or vessel may enter or The U.S. Navy is requesting an a.m. to 4 p.m. and 6 p.m. to 11 p.m., remain in the security zones without extension of the existing security zone Monday through Friday, except Federal permission of the Captain of the Port, for the Naval Base Point Loma Fuel Pier holidays, and from 7 a.m. to 11 p.m. on the Commander of Naval Base Point construction and the establishment of a Saturdays, Sundays, and Federal Loma, the Commander of the Naval temporary security zone at the Naval holidays, the draw need be opened only Mine Anti Submarine Warfare Mine and Anti-Submarine Warfare on the hour and half-hour, except that Command, and the Commander of Command to temporarily house the commercial vessels shall be passed at Naval Region Southwest, or a Navy’s marine mammal program during any time. From December 16 through designated representative of those the multi-year construction phase of the March 31, the draw shall open on signal individuals. new fuel pier. if at least 12 hours notice is given. The The extended security zone at Naval DATES: This rule is effective January 2, Base Point Loma will add an additional owners of the bridge shall maintain 2014. clearance gauges in accordance with 33 500 feet east to provide standoff from ADDRESSES: Documents mentioned in CFR 118.160. the new replacement fuel pier which this preamble are part of docket [USCG– will place the end of the pier closer to Dated: November 16, 2013. 2013–0580]. To view documents the federal channel in deeper water. The F. M. Midgette, mentioned in this preamble as being marine mammal pen security zone will Rear Admiral, U.S. Coast Guard Commander, available in the docket, go to http:// also be established at the Naval Mine Ninth Coast Guard District. www.regulations.gov, type the docket and Anti-Submarine Warfare Command [FR Doc. 2013–28695 Filed 11–29–13; 8:45 am] number in the ‘‘SEARCH’’ box and click to provide a 100 foot standoff for marine ‘‘SEARCH.’’ Click on Open Docket BILLING CODE 9110–04–P mammal pens. The marine mammal Folder on the line associated with this pens need to be moved due to the rulemaking. You may also visit the construction activity and noise near Docket Management Facility in Room their current pens. W12–140 on the ground floor of the Both security zones will safeguard Department of Transportation West Naval assets, such as vessels and Building, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., waterfront facilities from destruction, Washington, DC 20590, between 9 a.m. loss or injury from sabotage, or other and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, subversive acts, accidents or other except Federal holidays. causes of a similar nature and still allow FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If for safe navigation around the security you have questions on this rule, call or zones. No persons or vessel may enter VerDate Mar<15>2010 19:14 Nov 29, 2013 Jkt 232001 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\02DER1.SGM 02DER1 sroberts on DSK5SPTVN1PROD with RULES 72026 Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 231 / Monday, December 2, 2013 / Rules and Regulations or remain in the security zones without 32°41′47.4″ N, 117°14′11.4″ W Sufficient navigable water exists permission of the Captain of the Port, 32°41′43.8″ N, 117°14′12.6″ W adjacent to the security zones and the the Commander of Naval Base Point 32°41′31.8″ N, 117°14′13.8″ W Federal channel. Additionally, before Loma, The Commander of the Naval 32°41′33.0″ N, 117°14′01.2″ W the effective period, the Coast Guard Mine Anti Submarine Warfare 32°41′10.2″ N, 117°13′57.0″ W will publish a Local Notice to Mariners. Command, the Commander of Naval 32°41′10.2″ N, 117°13′58.2″ W 2. Impact on Small Entities Region Southwest, or a designated The security zone at the Naval Mine representative of those individuals. and Anti-Submarine Warfare Command The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 will provide for 100 feet of standoff (RFA), 5 U.S.C. 601–612, as amended, C. Discussion of Comments, Changes requires federal agencies to consider the and the Final Rule distance. The limits of the new Naval Mine and Anti-Submarine Warfare potential impact of regulations on small The Coast Guard received 0 comments Command security zone are bound by entities during rulemaking. The term on the NPRM for this rule and as such, the following coordinates: ‘‘small entities’’ comprises small no changes have been made to the final businesses, not-for-profit organizations 32°43′40.9″ N, 117°12′54.9″ W rule. ° ′ ″ ° ′ ″ that are independently owned and The Coast Guard at the request of the 32 43 40.6 N, 117 12 52.3 W operated and are not dominant in their 32°43′22.5″ N, 117°12′57.8″ W U.S. Navy is extending the existing ° ′ ″ ° ′ ″ fields, and governmental jurisdictions security zone for the Naval Base Point 32 43 23.4 N, 117 13 01.3 W with populations of less than 50,000. Loma Fuel Pier and establishing a Both security zones safeguard Naval The Coast Guard received 0 comments temporary security zone at the Naval assets, such as vessels and waterfront from the Small Business Administration Mine and Anti-Submarine Warfare facilities from destruction, loss or injury on this rule. The Coast Guard certifies Command to temporarily house the from sabotage, other subversive acts, under 5 U.S.C. 605(b) that this rule will Navy’s marine mammal program during accidents or other causes of a similar not have a significant economic impact the construction phase of the new fuel nature and still allow for safe navigation on a substantial number of small pier. around the security zones. entities. The extended security zone at Naval No persons or vessel may enter or (1) This rule will affect the following Base Point Loma will add an additional remain in the security zones without entities, some of which may be small 500 feet east to provide standoff from permission of the Captain of the Port, entities: the owners or operators of the new replacement fuel pier which the Commander of Naval Base Point vessels intending to transit or anchor in will exist closer to the federal channel Loma, the Commander of the Naval specified portions of San Diego Bay.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • San Diego Bay Watershed Management Area & Tijuana River
    San Diego Bay Watershed Management Area & Tijuana River Watershed Management Area Copermittee Meeting Minutes October 23, 2018 10:00am-12:00pm County of San Diego, 5510 Overland Ave., Room 472, San Diego, CA 92123 Attendees: San Tijuana Organization Names Diego River Bay WMA WMA SDCRAA (Airport) Nancy Phu (Wood) X City of Chula Vista (CV) Marisa Soriano X City of Imperial Beach (IB) Chris Helmer X X City of La Mesa (LM) Joe Kuhn X Jim Harry X Joe Cosgrove X X City of San Diego (SD) Brianna Menke X Arielle Beaulieu X Stephanie Gaines X Joanna Wisniewska X X County of San Diego (County) Rouya Rasoulzadeh X X Dallas Pugh X Port of San Diego (Port) Stephanie Bauer X Matt Rich X X Wood Environment & Sarah Seifert X Infrastructure Solutions (Wood) Greg McCormick X D-Max Engineering, Inc. (D-Max) John Quenzer X X Dudek Bryn Evans X Members of the Public Michelle Hallack (Alta Environmental) - - 1. Call to order: 10:10am 2. Roll Call and Introductions Participants introduced themselves. 3. Time for public to speak on items not on the agenda Present members of the public declined the opportunity to speak. 4. Draft San Diego Bay FY20 budget The estimated budget for FY20 was discussed. The current FY20 estimate is conservative and assumes receiving water monitoring and the WQIP update would occur during the first year of the new permit term. The estimated budget is under the spending cap estimate, but is more than the FY19 budget since receiving water monitoring and the WQIP update are two items not included in this fiscal year’s (FY19) budget.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix A. Navy Activity Descriptions
    Atlantic Fleet Training and Testing Draft EIS/OEIS June 2017 APPENDIX A Navy Activity Descriptions Appendix A Navy Activity Descriptions Atlantic Fleet Training and Testing Draft EIS/OEIS June 2017 This page intentionally left blank. Appendix A Navy Activity Descriptions Atlantic Fleet Training and Testing Draft EIS/OEIS June 2017 Draft Environmental Impact Statement/Overseas Environmental Impact Statement Atlantic Fleet Training and Testing TABLE OF CONTENTS A. NAVY ACTIVITY DESCRIPTIONS ................................................................................................ A-1 A.1 Description of Sonar, Munitions, Targets, and Other Systems Employed in Atlantic Fleet Training and Testing Events .................................................................. A-1 A.1.1 Sonar Systems and Other Acoustic Sources ......................................................... A-1 A.1.2 Munitions .............................................................................................................. A-7 A.1.3 Targets ................................................................................................................ A-11 A.1.4 Defensive Countermeasures ............................................................................... A-13 A.1.5 Mine Warfare Systems ........................................................................................ A-13 A.1.6 Military Expended Materials ............................................................................... A-16 A.2 Training Activities ..................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • San Diego Bay National Wildlife Refuge
    U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service San Diego Bay National Wildlife Refuge Sweetwater Marsh and South San Diego Bay Units Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Volume I – August 2006 Vision Statement The San Diego Bay National Wildlife Refuge protects a rich diversity of endangered, threatened, migratory, and native species and their habitats in the midst of a highly urbanized coastal environment. Nesting, foraging, and resting sites are managed for a diverse assembly of birds. Waterfowl and shorebirds over-winter or stop here to feed and rest as they migrate along the Pacific Flyway. Undisturbed expanses of cordgrass- dominated salt marsh support sustainable populations of light-footed clapper rail. Enhanced and restored wetlands provide new, high quality habitat for fish, birds, and coastal salt marsh plants, such as the endangered salt marsh bird’s beak. Quiet nesting areas, buffered from adjacent urbanization, ensure the reproductive success of the threatened western snowy plover, endangered California least tern, and an array of ground nesting seabirds and shorebirds. The San Diego Bay National Wildlife Refuge also provides the public with the opportunity to observe birds and wildlife in their native habitats and to enjoy and connect with the natural environment. Informative environmental education and interpretation programs expand the public’s awareness of the richness of the wildlife resources of the Refuge. The Refuge serves as a haven for wildlife and the public to be treasured by this and future generations. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service California/Nevada Refuge Planning Office 2800 Cottage Way, Room W-1832 Sacramento, CA 95825 August 2006 San Diego Bay National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) Sweetwater Marsh and South San Diego Bay Units Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Statement San Diego County, California Type of Action: Administrative Lead Agency: U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • San Diego Bay Fish Consumption Study
    CW San Diego Bay SC RP Fish Consumption Es 69 tablished 19 Study Steven J. Steinberg Shelly L. Moore SCCWRP Technical Report 976 San Diego Bay Fish Consumption Study Identifying fish consumption patterns of anglers in San Diego Bay Steven J. Steinberg and Shelly Moore Southern California Coastal Water Research Project March 2017 (Revised December 2017) Technical Report 976 TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUP (TAG) Project Leads Southern California Coastal Water Research California Regional Water Quality Control Project (SCCWRP) Board, San Diego Region Tom Alo, Water Resource Control Engineer Dr. Steven Steinberg, Project Manager & Contract Manager Shelly Moore, Project Lead Brandman University Dr. Sheila L. Steinberg, Social Science Consultant Technical Advisory Group Members California Department of Fish and Wildlife California Regional Water Quality Control Alex Vejar Board, San Diego Region Chad Loflen California Department of Public Health Lauren Joe Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific (SPAWAR) City of San Diego/AMEC Chuck Katz Chris Stransky State Water Resources Control Board County Department of Environmental Dr. Amanda Palumbo Health Keith Kezer University of California, Davis Dr. Fraser Shilling Environmental Health Coalition Joy Williams Unified Port of San Diego Phil Gibbons Industrial Environmental Association Jack Monger United States Environmental Protection Agency Recreational Fishing/Citizen Expert Dr. Cindy Lin Mike Palmer i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project was prepared for and supported by funding from the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Diego Region; the San Diego Unified Port District; and the City of San Diego. We appreciate the valuable input and recommendations from our technical advisory group, Mr. Paul Smith at SCCWRP for his assistance in development of the mobile field survey application and database, our field survey crew (Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Future of Sea Mines in the Indo-Pacific
    Issue 18, 2020 BREACHING THE SURFACE: THE FUTURE OF SEA MINES IN THE INDO-PACIFIC Alia Huberman, The Australian National Internships Program Issue 18, 2020 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report argues that several dynamics of the coming few decades in the Indo-Pacific will see naval mines used once again in the region. It suggests they will form the basis of anti-access strategies for some Indo-Pacific states in a way that will be deeply transformative for the region’s strategic balance and for which Australia is thoroughly unprepared. It seeks to draw attention to the often- underappreciated nature of sea mines as a uniquely powerful strategic tool, offering the user an unparalleled asymmetric ability to engage high-value enemy targets while posing a minimal-risk, low- expense, and continuous threat. In the increasingly contested strategic environment of the contemporary Indo-Pacific - a region in which the threats to free navigation and the maritime economy are existential ones - there is considerable appetite for anti-access and sea denial weapons as defensive, offensive, and coercive tools. Naval strategists must,, prepare for the resurgence of mine warfare in the Indo-Pacific, and for the grand-scale and rapid timeline in which it can transform an operational environment. This report first seeks to collate and outline those characteristics of sea mines and of their interaction with an operational environment that make them attractive for use. It then discusses the states most likely to employ mine warfare and the different scenarios in which they might do so, presenting five individual contingencies: China, Taiwan, North Korea, non-state actors, and Southeast Asian states.
    [Show full text]
  • US Navy Mine Warfare Champion
    Naval War College Review Volume 68 Article 8 Number 2 Spring 2015 Wanted: U.S. Navy Mine Warfare Champion Scott .C Truver Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Truver, Scott .C (2015) "Wanted: U.S. Navy Mine Warfare Champion," Naval War College Review: Vol. 68 : No. 2 , Article 8. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol68/iss2/8 This Additional Writing is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Truver: Wanted: U.S. Navy Mine Warfare Champion COMMENTARY WANTED U.S. NAVY MINE WARFARE CHAMPION Scott C. Truver Successfully implementing innovation within a bureaucracy ultimately requires a champion to navigate the inherently political processes of securing sponsorship and resourcing. This is just as important to the very small as to the very large programs, particularly during periods of fiscal austerity. “It’s fragmented,” com- mented retired rear admiral Paul Ryan, former commander of the U.S. Navy’s Mine Warfare Command, in April 2014. “There is no single champion for mine warfare.”1 This lack of support presents challenges for the U.S. Navy and the nation, as the service struggles to articulate, and to muster the necessary backing for, mine warfare (MIW) strategies, programs, capabilities, and capacities. The task of confronting these challenges is complicated by the fact that MIW comprises not only mine-countermeasures (MCM—that is, minesweeping and mine hunt- ing) systems and platforms but also mines that can be employed to defeat our adversaries’ naval strategies and forces.
    [Show full text]
  • Revitalizing Mine Countermeasure: Lessons from the Royal Navy In
    NAVAL MINE WARFARE ESSAY CONTEST—1ST PRIZE Sponsored by The Mine Warfare Association BY LIEUTENANT JOHN MILLER, REVITALIZE MINE U.S. NAVY COUNTERMEASURES The Royal Navy’s experience responding to mines in World War II offers lessons for today. RAYTHEON 48 PROCEEDINGS | AUGUST 2019 he U.S. Navy knows that its current adversaries pose a substantial offensive mining threat. Russia, China, and Iran each possess—and too often export—an advanced, ro- bust, and mature offensive mine capability. The U.S. Navy must consider if it has the T speed and resources with which to respond to restore freedom of maneuver in the event of sustained mining. The pre–World War II U.S. Navy had neither built a minesweeper nor swept a mine in its his- tory. It had zero minesweepers on the register of active ships in September 1939.1 In compar- ison, the Royal Navy had 76 fleet minesweepers.2 By the end of the war, more than 1,000 U.S. and Allied vessels had served as minesweepers, combating offensive mine operations from the Atlantic and the Mediterranean to the Far East. While some were purpose-built, many were commercial vessels, such as trawlers and drifters, pressed into service by the Royal Navy to support mine countermeasure (MCM), antisubmarine warfare (ASW), escort, and patrol mis- sions. Though lightly armed, these vessels played a vital role in combating and defeating ad- versaries across multiple warfare domains. By filling a critical capability gap, these ships and boats enabled the Royal Navy to effectively stretch its finite naval forces across the globe.
    [Show full text]
  • Sea Mines and Naval Mine Countermeasures: Are Autonomous Underwater Vehicles the Answer, and Is the Royal Canadian Navy Ready for the New Paradigm?
    SEA MINES AND NAVAL MINE COUNTERMEASURES: ARE AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLES THE ANSWER, AND IS THE ROYAL CANADIAN NAVY READY FOR THE NEW PARADIGM? Lieutenant-Commander J. Greenlaw JCSP 39 PCEMI 39 Master of Defence Studies Maîtrise en études de la défense Disclaimer Avertissement Opinions expressed remain those of the author and do Les opinons exprimées n’engagent que leurs auteurs et not represent Department of National Defence or ne reflètent aucunement des politiques du Ministère de Canadian Forces policy. This paper may not be used la Défense nationale ou des Forces canadiennes. Ce without written permission. papier ne peut être reproduit sans autorisation écrite. © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the © Sa Majesté la Reine du Chef du Canada, représentée par le Minister of National Defence, 2013 ministre de la Défense nationale, 2013. CANADIAN FORCES COLLEGE – COLLÈGE DES FORCES CANADIENNES JCSP 39 – PCEMI 39 2012 – 2013 MASTER OF DEFENCE STUDIES - MAITRISE EN ÉTUDES DE LA DÉFENSE SEA MINES AND NAVAL MINE COUNTERMEASURES: ARE AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLES THE ANSWER, AND IS THE ROYAL CANADIAN NAVY READY FOR THE NEW PARADIGM? By Lieutenant-Commander J. Greenlaw, RCN Par capitaine de corvette J. Greenlaw, MRC This paper was written by a student La présente étude a été rédigée par attending the Canadian Forces un stagiaire du Collège des Forces College in fulfilment of one of the canadiennes pour satisfaire à l'une requirements of the Course of des exigences du cours. L'étude est Studies. The paper is a scholastic un document qui se rapporte au document, and thus contains facts cours et contient donc des faits et des and opinions, which the author opinions que seul l'auteur considère alone considered appropriate and appropriés et convenables au sujet.
    [Show full text]
  • San Diego Bay CCA Factsheet 2019
    CCA #122 San Diego Bay Critical Coastal Area DESCRIPTION This Critical Coastal Area (CCA) watershed drains into San Diego Bay in San Diego County, the third largest sheltered bay on the California coast. Many waterways flow into the bay. The largest is the Sweetwater River in the southern half of the bay, terminating in Sweetwater Marsh. The Otay River also terminates in saltwater marsh at the southern tip of the bay. Other notable creeks include Telegraph Canyon Creek, Paleta Creek, Chollas Creek, Paradise Creek, and Switzer San Diego Bay, Creek. Coronado Side All of these waterways begin in the Cuyamaca Mountains, (Copyright © 2006 Kenneth and flow through densely urbanized areas before entering & Gabrielle Adelman, the bay. There are also numerous flood control and water California Coastal Records supply dams along the larger tributaries. Historically, San Project). Diego Bay was one of the primary outflows of the San Diego For more photos, see the River (along with Mission Bay), but the river’s estuary was California Coastal Records straightened with dredging and levee projects at the end of Project. the 19th century. San Diego Bay is bordered by many large urban areas, including the cities of San Diego, National City, Chula Vista, Imperial Beach, and Coronado. The downtown commercial center of the City of San Diego is along the north side of the bay, and the San Diego International Airport is nearby. Residences in Coronado (such as the Coronado Cays) line the Silver Strand, the strip of sand between the south bay and Coronado Island. The Coronado Bridge roughly bisects the bay, and provides auto access to the peninsula.
    [Show full text]
  • Mine Warfare: an Old Threat Presents New Challenges for Nato's Post-Cold War Navies
    Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 1995-12 Mine warfare: an old threat presents new challenges for Nato's post-Cold War navies Lluy, Paul A. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/31337 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS MINE WARFARE: AN OLD THREAT PRESENTS NEW CHALLENGES FOR NATO'S POST-COLD WAR NAVIES by Paul A. Lluy w I! December, 1995 O Thesis Advisor: Jan S. Breemer Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. mm 052 REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) REPORT DATE REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED December 1995 Master's Thesis MINE WARFARE: AN OLD THREAT PRESENTS NEW CHALLENGES FOR FUNDING NUMBERS NATO'S POST-COLD WAR NAVIES 6. AUTHOR(S) Paul A. Lluy 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING Naval Postgraduate School ORGANIZATION Monterey CA 93943-5000 REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 2. Oceanographic Conditions
    Chapter 2. Oceanographic Conditions INTRODUCTION explain patterns of bacteriological occurrence (see Chapter 3) or other effects of the SBOO discharge The fate of wastewater discharged into deep offshore on the marine environment (see Chapters 4–7). waters is strongly determined by oceanographic conditions and other events that suppress or facilitate horizontal and vertical mixing. Consequently, MATERIALS and METHODS measurements of physical and chemical parameters such as water temperature, salinity and density Field Sampling are important components of ocean monitoring programs because these properties determine Oceanographic measurements were collected at 40 water column mixing potential (Bowden 1975). fi xed sampling sites located from 3.4 km to 14.6 km Analysis of the spatial and temporal variability offshore (Figure 2.1). These stations form a grid of these parameters as well as transmissivity, encompassing an area of approximately 450 km2 dissolved oxygen, pH, and chlorophyll may also and were generally situated along 9, 19, 28, 38, elucidate patterns of water mass movement. and 55-m depth contours. Three of these stations Taken together, analysis of such measurements (I25, I26, and I39) are considered kelp bed stations for the receiving waters surrounding the South subject to the California Ocean Plan (COP) water Bay Ocean Outfall (SBOO) can help: (1) describe contact standards. The three kelp stations were deviations from expected patterns, (2) reveal the utfall impact of the wastewater plume relative to other oma O PointL San ! San inputs such as San Diego Bay and the Tijuana I38 Diego Diego Bay River, (3) determine the extent to which water I37 ! I35 I36 ! ! mass movement or mixing affects the dispersion/ I34 ! I33 dilution potential for discharged materials, and ! (4) demonstrate the infl uence of natural events I30 I31 I28 I29 ! I32 such as storms or El Niño/La Niña oscillations.
    [Show full text]
  • Figure 1. Regional Location Map
    Figure 1. Regional Location Map - 2 - INTRODUCTION SCOPE AND PURPOSE OF THE PLAN The updated San Ysidro Community Plan (Plan) is a comprehensive revision of the original plan adopted in 1974 and includes the urbanized portion of the Tijuana River Valley. The update was authorized at the City Council budget hearings of July 1987 and work on the project began in December of that year. The Planning Department, with the assistance of the San Ysidro Planning and Development Group, has studied San Ysidro’s major issues and challenges and has developed alternative solutions to realize the community’s potential. Included in the Plan is a set of recommendations based upon those alternative solutions to guide the development and the redevelopment of the San Ysidro community. Formal adoption of the revised Plan requires that the Planning Commission and City Council follow the same procedure of holding public hearings as was followed in adopting the original community plan. Adoption of the Plan also requires an amendment of the Progress Guide and General Plan (General Plan) for the City, which will occur at the first regularly scheduled General Plan amendment hearing following adoption of this Plan. Once the Plan is adopted, any amendments, additions or deletions will require that the Planning Commission and City Council follow City Council Policy 600-35 regarding the procedure for Plan amendments. Although this Plan sets forth procedures for implementation, it does not establish new regulations or legislation, nor does it rezone property. The rezoning and design controls recommended in the Plan will be enacted concurrently with Plan adoption.
    [Show full text]