The American Legion Magazine [Volume 77, No. 2 (August 1964)]

THE AMERICAN

20 C -AUGUST 1964 RED CHINA VERSUS THE WORLD HOW PEKING BIDS FOR THE "WORLD REVOLUTION" IN EVERY LAND, ON EVERY CONTINENT / BY GERALD STEIBEL

BmHSHShHHHHHHHHEBbBB HHHHNHHHIIHHiHSnBBHHHIHIHHIHI HOW TO BUY A DIAMOND BLACK TOM BY TOM MAHONEY EXPLOSION BY A. A. HOEHLING & H, R. BAUKHAGE :

{official song of the United States Army)

The ^rm$i ©oes polling 3long Verse: March along; sing our song with the Army of the free. Count the brave — count the true — who have fought to victory. We're the Army and proud of our name! We're the Army and proudly proclaim

First Chorus: First to fight for the right, and to build the Nation's might And THE ARMY GOES ROLLING ALONG Proud of all we have done, fighting till the battle's won, And THE ARMY GOES ROLLING ALONG.

Refrain:

Then it's hi! hi! hey! the Army's on its way. Count off the cadence loud and strong. (Two! Three!) For where'er we go, you will always know That THE ARMY GOES ROLLING ALONG. Second Chorus: Valley Forge, Custer's ranks, San Juan hill and Patton's tanks, And the Army went rolling along. Minute men from the start, always fighting from the heart, And THE ARMY KEEPS ROLLING ALONG, (refrain) Third Chorus: Men in rags, men who froze, still that Army met its foes And the Army went rolling along. Faith in God, then we're right, and we'll fight with all our might, ;

The American

AUGUST 1964 LEGION Volume 77, Number 2 POSTMASTER: Send Form 3579 to P.O. Box 1055, Magazine Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 The American Legion Magazine Editorial & Advertising Offices Contents for August 1964 720 Fifth Avenue New York, New York 10019 Publisher, James F. O'Neil THE ARMY MARCHING SONG Opposite Editor ART BY WALLY RICHARDS Robert B. Pitkin Art Editor Modern version of the "caisson" song, Al Marshall fit for you to cut and frame. Associate Editors John Andreola Roy Miller THE PROBLEM OF THE NON-VOTER 9 James S. Swartz Production Manager DANIEL F. FOLEY BY NATIONAL COMMANDER Art Bretzfield Thousands died to keep our popular government, Copy Editor but many still sit on their hands Grail S. Hanford on Election Day. Contributing Editor Pete Martin Circulation Manager 10 Dean B. Nelson RED CHINA VERSUS THE WORLD Indianapolis, Ind. BY GERALD L. STEIBEL Advertising Director A worldwide report on what Red China is doing to Robert P. Redden increase its influence in every land. Chicago-Detroit Sales Office Bart J. Burns 35 East Wacker Drive Chicago, 111. 60601 THE BLACK TOM EXPLOSION 14 CEntral 6-2101 BY H. R. BAUKHAGE & A. A. HOEHLING In the dead of night German saboteurs blew up a CHANGE OF ADDRESS: munitions pier in New York Harbor in 1916. Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Bos 1055, Indianapolis, Ind., 46206 using Post Office Form 3578. Attach old address label and give old and new addresses and current FEDERAL HELP FOR SMALL BUSINESSES 16 membership card number. Also be sure to BY CHARLES S. GARDNER notify your Post Adjutant. How the federal government helps the little firm in its struggle to survive in an age of bigness. The American Legion Publications Commission: Dr. Charles R. Logan, Keokuk, Iowa (Chairman) Adolph F. Bremer, Winona, HOW TO BUY A DIAMOND 20 ; Minn. (Vice Chairman) ; Lang Armstrong, BY TOM MAHONEY Spokane, Wash.; Charles E. Booth, Hunting- ton, W. Va.; John Cicero, Swoyerville, Pa.; Before you buy that girl a rock it would be good to E. J. Cooper, Hollywood, Fla.; Clovis Cope- know the ABC's of diamonds. land, Morrilton, Ark.; Paul B. Dague, Down- ingtown, Pa.; Raymond Fields, Guymon, Okla. Chris Hernandez, Savannah, Ga.; George D. U.S. BE FROM VIETNAM?..22 Levy Sumter, S. C; Howard E. Lohman, SHOULD TROOPS WITHDRAWN Moorhead, Minn.; Edward Longstreth, La TWO SIDES OF A NATIONAL QUESTION Jolla, Calif.; Frank C. Love, Syracuse, N. Y .; Morris Meyer, Starkville, Miss.; Robert pro: SEN. ERNEST GRUENING (D-ALASKA) Mitchler, Oswego, III.; Harry H. Schaffer, con: SEN. LEVERETT SALTONSTALL (R-MASS.) Pittsburgh, Pa.; Harold A. Shindler, Lafayette, Ind.; William F. Taylor, Greensburg, Ky.; Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol, Conn.; Robert H. Wiider, Dadeville, Ala. Edward McSweeney, SHOOTING FOR STAY-AT-HOMES 24 Armonk, N. Y. (Consultant) BY GIL PAUST You can have a shooting range in your living room, The American Legion Magazine is published it here. on. says No? Read monthly at 1100 West Broadway, Louisville. Ky., by The American Legion. Copyright 1964 by The American Legion. Second-class KING'S MOUNTAIN, SOUTH CAROLINA 26 postage paid at Louisville, Ky. Price : single copy, 20 cents; yearly subscription, $2.00. BY ALDEN STEVENS Order nonmember subscriptions from the Cir- Department of The American Legion. A travel article for today's motorists about the site of culation P.O. Box 1055 Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 a great Revolutionary battle. Second in the Editorial and advertising offices: 720 5th Ave., series "Seeing Historic America." New York, N. Y. 10019. Wholly owned by The American Legion, with National Head- quarters at Indianapolis, Ind. 46206. Daniel Commander. Departments jf . Foley, National

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR .... 2 ROD & GUN CLUB 38 Publisher's Representatives EDITOR'S CORNER 6 PERSONAL 41 West Coast Arden E. Roney & Assoc. DATELINE WASHINGTON 8 BOOKS 44 Los Angeles & San Francisco, Calif. VETERANS NEWSLETTER 27 LEGION SHOPPER 54 Northwest The Harlowe Co. NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 29 PARTING SHOTS 56 Seattle, Wash. 98101 Southeast Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless a self-addressed, The Dawson Co. stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material. Miami, Fla. & Atlanta, Ga.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 sir: I think the VA's refusal to let out- siders give free cigarettes to VA patients LETTERS TO THE EDITOR is wrong. Our Auxiliary Unit 273 had $30 for cigarettes when we got the notice that we couldn't give them to the patients. I had three of my children in Letters published do not necessarily ex- More often, as we got into the heavy service, plus a stepson, and I would press the policy of The American Legion. Keep letters short. Name and address must traffic of front line activity, we were never deprive them of anything when be furnished. Expressions of opinion and shoved into a ditch, and unless we could they came back. requests for personal services are appreci- ated, but they cannot be acknowledged or find a Signal Corps outfit at the front, Mrs. Thelma Valette answered, due to lack of magazine staff for we couldn't get chow or any other sort St. Petersburg, Fla. these purposes. Requests for personal serv- of assistance. ices which may be legitimately asked of The American Legion should be made to That there is any photo record of WW1 your Post Service Officer or your state sir: As a veteran of WW2 I find your (Department) American Legion Hq. Send front line action is due to the sheer "Veterans Newsletter" interesting and letters to the editor to: Letters, The ingenuity, courage, stamina and dedica- American Legion Magazine, 720 5th Ave- tion of Signal informative concerning the affairs of nue. New York. N. Y. 10019. a very few Corps photog- veterans. . . . All I can is, raphers, as well as some daring free- say keep up good work. CAPTIVE NATIONS lance photographers with no military the assignment, who worked on their own to Alex Kardokas sir: We thank you for Mr. Endrst's "The bring out still shots Worcester, Mass. Wild Teenagers of the Captive Nations" and strips of movie film from the front lines. All the exist- in your May issue. It is evident that he ing shots obtained group has reliable, first-hand knowledge of movie by our HURTING BY "HELPING" were combined into three or four reels conditions behind the Iron Curtain. We sir: I have read that a special council on titled "Flashes of Action," which, along also base our information on direct con- Social Security has been meeting to con- with a larger library of still photos, now tact with the Czechoslovak people, and sider increasing Social Security pay- repose, I believe, in the archives of the it is good to know that despite their ments. Every increase results in an. War College in Washington. effort the red regimes have not been over-all loss to some VA pensioners, giv- Fred F. Marshall able to capture the minds of the younger ing them a little more Social Security ex-Sgt., Signal Corps generation. It is also evident that the and thus disqualifying them for all of Cedarville , Ohio captive peoples place their faith in the their VA pensions by taking them over United States, and that they would lose the VA's income limits. I suggest that sir: Your June article "We Shot D-Day if turned trust in us our government this now be stopped by amending the on Omaha Beach" was most interesting. to the soft approach and appeasement veterans' benefit laws to prevent Social I believe that attribution of the red regimes in Central Europe. However, the Security increases from resulting in a Vlasta Vraz, President of the invention of the Mulberry arti- loss to VA veteran, widow and orphan ficial harbors to Lord Louis Mountbat- Czechoslovak Nat'l Council of America pensioners. is incorrect. It was an original idea Chicago, III. ten Ezra K. Nason of Winston Churchill, dating as far back Nescopeck, Pa. PHOTOGRAPHING WW1 as July 17, 1917. In a famous note to Mountbatten, Churchill placed him in sir: Pete Martin's interview with movie charge of the Mulberry project on May HE'S GRIM producer John Ford in your June issue, 30, 1942. Commodore J. Hughes-Hallett on the photographing of the Normandy sir: In the event of war with Russia or contributed the idea of the self-pro- invasion, was particularly intriguing. China, we will need all our resources, pelled caissons in June 1943. Churchill's Ford's story of the part played by him- including some folks who may not be memoirs and the memoirs of Gen. Lord self and his crew of photographers in planning to do their share. Our planning Ismay provide further details. getting a pictorial record of the invasion now might include some new special Joseph E. Thomas recalls the work of my own outfit in fighting units. I suggest: Baltimore, Md. WW1. A specially trained, small con- The Sigmund Freud Assault Battalion, tingent of the Signal Corps, our job was composed entirely of psychoanalysts of VETS AFFAIRS to get a photographic historical record the breed who have complained of the of the AEF fighting in France. After sir: Many of us veterans are becoming Marines' "failure to recognize the need military training near Watertown, N. Y., increasingly angry at the failure of the for individual personality development" we took special photo training at East- House of Representatives' Veterans Af- at Parris Island. Once trained to fana- fairs regarding the reopen- man Kodak Co., in Rochester, also Committee ticism by Pavlovian theories, this bat- at Cornell and Columbia Universities. ing of GI insurance. I believe it would talion should not be allowed to have live for all veterans I was sent to the Historical Photo Lab serve a valuable purpose ammo until sent abroad. to remind the members of this commit- of the Signal Corps at the old Pathe The Clarence Darrow Armored Divi- tee that the bill ought to be passed and Cinema Factory in the Vincennes sector sion, to be composed purely of those that this election year is a good time of Paris. We worked out of there in lawyers who are such experts at con- to pass it. crews of three—a movie man, a "still" fusion and technicalities that no draft M. S. Zitzman cameraman and a helper, with a special board ever got them or any of their lorry. West Chester, Pa. clients. Heaven help the enemy when Just think of us trying to front line get we give them our country as a client! shots with those old time tripod, hand- sir: To end the runaround that some of They never lost a case yet. cranked Pathe and Bell & Howell movie our legislative proposals seem to get, The John Dewey Infantry Division, cameras and awkward 8x10 bellowed would it not be effective for the National made up entirely of those schoolteachers view cameras, with black cloth ground- Commander to have every Post Com- whose mushy evasions and platitudes glass covers. A very few did have "press" mander in every election district per- stand between our children and a Graflex types. sonally contact his Congressman and knowledge of history, patriotism and Ford apparently had a cordial under- Senators on behalf of pensioned and dis- past wars. When they start "explaining" standing with the troop commanders on abled veterans, and particularly impress things to the foe, instead, we will gain Omaha Beach. In WW1 we couldn't con- them with what the cost of living is the precious time that the shrinking of vince anyone that shooting front line doing to veterans in dire need? The the world has taken from us. action was important. I remember one politicians must be made to feel the Alphonse Capone Rangers, a col- officer who stopped our lorry to ask our united power of all veterans organiza- The of heelers, opportunists, business. "Photographers? What the hell tions. lection ward petty politicians and mor- did they send you up here for—to take F. Frank Giacomini racketeers, (Continued on page 4) snapshots of the dead men?" he snapped. Passaic, N. J.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 This Free sample lesson can start you on a

BAS/C high-pay career as AC COUNTlNG ACCOUNTANT, AUDITOR, or CPA 0 M

. . . how you learn by doing . . . how thoroughly you are prepared for every Accounting task you will be called upon to handle in the business world. This No previous experience required valuable booklet also LaSalle's distinguished faculty of expert Account- FREE ants and CPA instructors starts you right at the begin-

ning . . . then supervises, corrects and grades your work "My income has increased over all the way . . . right up to qualifying you for the Certi- LaSalle students report $100 a month since I began taking fied Public Accountant examination, if this is your goal. your course. I recommend it highly to anyone." up to 56% increase in You train in your spare time— at your own pace— —W. G. Hensley, Memphis, Tenn. without losing a single day from your present job. pay the first year "My salary has more than dou- bled since enrolling with LaSalle and due to my fine training, my sal- Which of today's many Accounting ary is still growing." — William T. Black, Canoga Park, Calif. positions do you want ? "As a direct result of my LaSalle Regardless of your present job— if you want to qual- studies, my salary has increased 400% since I first began my LaSalle ify as expert Accountant, Controller, Auditor, Income success building program." Tax Specialist, Government Accountant, or Public Ac- -Rudolf Urbatis, Port Chester, N.Y. countant, LaSalle has the exact plan to prepare you rapidly and inexpensively. For over half a century, LaSalle has been a world LASALLE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY Correspondence Institution leader in business education. It has trained at home more A 417 South Dearborn St., Dept. 32-047, 5, III. than 1,000,000 successful men and women. That is why Chicago a LaSalle diploma in Accounting is a credential re- Please send me, free of cost or obligation, your sample lesson spected by America's biggest companies. Mail the cou- and illustrated booklet "Opportunities in Accounting" pon now for your free sample lesson and the free booklet "Opportunities in Accounting." Name Age..

LA SALLE Address County EXTENSION UNIVERSITY A Correspondence Institution City & Zone State 108 417 South Dearborn St., Chicago 5, III. mm ——— mmm mmmmmm——— mm —————__ wmm mm mm tm THE AMERICAN LEGION K \GAZINE • AUGUST 1964 3 —

CONTINUED ports, questions, answers and discussion ARGUMENT mostly among those sitting in the center sir: We had a big argument here about LETTERS floor with no conclusive or binding ideas our who youngest President was. Was it to assure that what TO THE EDITOR was being argued the late John F. Kennedy? would ever blossom into orie of Amer- Raoul Guantano ica's largest veterans organizations. Time Chicago, III. alone would tell that from this meager phine runners who, if they only hurt the beginning, thousands, even millions of foe as much as they have us, could well John F. Kennedy was our second young- veterans would benefit, with the assur- est be the heroes of the next conflict. President. He was 43 when inaugu- that The Albert. Anastasia Regimental ance those with disabilities or in- rated. Teddy Roosevelt was 42 when he Close Infighting Team, reserved for the capabilities, their widows and orphans took office after the assassination of phony elements of labor leadership, our would find substantial relief. McKinley. better extortioners, and so on—to be Raymond C. Smith armed only with switch-blade knives. Bellevue, Ky. GENERAL MACARTHUR Finally, The Algernon P. Throttle- sir: Gen. MacArthur's farewell address bottom Special Chemical Warfare Task A RECORD? in your June issue: "Duty, Honor, Force, reserved for such Washington sir: In 1918 in France we of the 21st Aero Country," is a classic of the highest bureaucrats as have gassed their way Squadron were, like all Aero Squadrons, order. When he returned from Korea through past wars at home. a small outfit numbering only 150 men. the President of the U. of Hawaii said of Bill Dudley After 46 years we have the current ad- Gen. MacArthur: "Many regard the Las Vegas, Nev. dresses of 56 living members, and have General as one of the greatest living Americans; some of us as one of the THE PARIS CAUCUS definitely established that 61 are deceased. That adds up to 117 out of 150 greatest of all time." The estimate of the the Paris of sir: The photo of Caucus few is clinched by this masterpiece. In and I think that for a WW1 outfit it is the Legion in March 1919, (in your the words of Shakespeare: "This was a probably some kind of a record—exactly March issue) summons up this memory: man!" 78% accounted for. On this cool, windy day in March my W. Walton Fox W. J. Devine unknown comrade and I went into the Chicago, III. Cincinnati, theater, paused to establish our rank, Ohio then proceeded to climb the stairs, where sir: Your June article on General Mac- upon both took seats next to the aisle. The last year that we checked, more we Arthur was a splendid tribute to all I sat just across poster than 600 former military outfits had from a sign seen soldiers, and the insert, Joseph Aus- requested "Outfit Reunion" notices on at the top of the photographer's picture lander's poem "A Deadly Parallel," was depicting later to our pages. If of them can beat this what was be known any very fine. as the beginning of The American record, Mr. Devine is at 3037 Linview Bill Wilson Legion. The program consisted of re- Ave., Mount Lookout, Cincinnati, Ohio. Pompano Beach, Fla.

sir: The three stalwarts of "Duty, Honor, Country" in American history have been Washington, Lincoln and Mac- Arthur. Clarence B. Calkins Wayland, Mich.

Which came first: sir: Mrs. Curry and I were particularly impressed with the June issue—especially "The Career of Charles de Gaulle," the golf ball and "General Douglas MacArthur's Farewell," as well as other interesting and timely articles. I am ordering six or Gordon's Gin? copies of the June issue for non- Legionnaire friends. John F. Curry Golf dates back to the 15th Century when Denver, Colo. a ball stuffed with feathers was used. In 1848 ON ARTICLES the "guttie"— a hard, moulded ball that was COMMENT sir: Our magazine is changing for the the direct forerunner of our modern golf good. My family and I have especially ball— was introduced in Britain. In London, enjoyed the March and April issues. L. G. Samsel 79 years before this innovation, Alexander Racine, Wis. Gordon perfected his formula for a special gin. Today, golfers the world over relax at HISTORIC FLAGS the Nineteenth Hole and enjoy the delicate sir: I thank you for the picture story back in March, showing authentic repro- flavour and distinctive dryness of Gordon's ductions of America's historic flags that Gin. In fact, some claim that Gordon's of- Hempstead (N. Y.) High School students exhibit. Our Post started a collection of fers them considerable consolation as they authentic reproductions of early Ameri- total their score. No wonder it's the big- can flags in 1960, starting with three. To con- gest seller in England, America, the world! enhance it we invited anyone to tribute $20 (less than it costs to make good reproductions of good material) to i PRODUCT OF U. S. A. 100% NEUTRAL SPIRITS DISTILLED FROM GRAIN. 90 PROOF. GORDON'S DRV GIN CO., LTD., LINDEN. N. J.' memorialize departed loved ones. We

^SPECIAL OFFER. Plastic serving tray, decorated with 12 English drink recipes ... only"^ now have fifteen such flags. Let me say fj$1.50. Send check to "Tray Offer." P.O. Box 140H, Old Chelsea Sta., New York, N.Y. 10011.$? first that the research, once we got into

A THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 it, was fascinating. Further, it has been very popular. We have many requests for our flags to be displayed in parades, at park and public building dedications and Americanism programs, as well as at district and state Legion conventions. Albert Johnson * R. i W'" Americanism Chairman — Frank Lundberg Post 282, American Legion Saint Paul Park, Minn. sir: I read "Francis Scott Key and The Star-Spangled Banner" (April) with great interest myself, and aloud to my seven-year-old son. I suggest more interesting stories like this—and that parents read them aloud to children not old enough to read them. Jim Carlson VOICELESS. Many people who have lost the use BEDFAST. Over 5000 shut-in students go to Leadore, Idaho of their vocal cords can learn to talk again with school from home or hospital with the help of the help of an electronic artificial larynx, devel- Bell System School-to-Home Telephone Service

oped by Bell Telephone Laboratories. It's avail- —and keep up with their classes almost as if sir: My wife and I aren't eligible to join able at cost on your doctor's recommendation. they were present in person. the Legion family, but when we read a story in our neighbor's Legion magazine such as "Francis Scott Key and The Star-Spangled Banner" we just have to take notice. We love our National An- them, and are proud to display the flag on our house on all patriotic holidays. Our neighbors do the same and we call our section of our street "Little Ameri- ca." John Axmann Mattoon, Wis. sir: I'm enclosing a check for two subscriptions, for myself and a friend. We aren't eligible to be Legionnaires, but I think your magazine is the best in the United States. Mrs. Clare Troxel Oakland, Calif.

BLIND. Special "Seeing Aid" equipment helps HARD OF HEARING. For people with impaired sir: Although I subscribe to over $200 blind operators serve regular telephone switch- hearing, we offer a special handset. It looks worth of magazines and trade journals boards. Its basic principle is a sensitive probe like any other but it has a convenient fingertip each year, I want you to know that I which causes a buzz in the operator's earphone control in the center which steps up the volume enjoy none of them more than The when it passes of incoming voices to the best listening level. American Legion Magazine. over a lighted lamp. R. A. Svoboda American Factors, Limited Honolulu, Hawaii

CORRECTION Some Bell System services to sir: Gerald Steibel's June article on the career of Charles de Gaulle was one more reporting job that makes our magazine a standout, in an age when most help the handicapped reporters seem to spend more time "interpreting" than in giving us the facts. There was an error in picture captions, Ours is a service business— and we serve almost every- however. In the WW1 photo of de Gaulle, body. But not everybody has the same health, hearing and page 12, the others were identified as Premier Blum and Gen. Gamelin. They sight. So we try to be flexible enough and resourceful actually were President Lebrun and enough to adapt our services to people's needs. Marshall Petain. H. H. Brown There are many ways in which we do it. Four are Miami, Fla. shown here. For information on any or all of these aids, call the local Bell Telephone Business Office or ask your tele- Yes. Several other readers pointed out phone man. this caption blooper, which was ours, not Mr. Steibel's. Also the Paris school "Stanislaus College" should have been "Stanislas." It was a bad day for our fE% BELL TELEPHONE SYSTEM caption writing. Serving you — EDITOR'S THE TRUTH ABOUT CORNER

SURPRISE AHEAD? The American Legion is a non-partisan ARTHRITIC organization and this is a non-partisan magazine—which means we stay out of partisan politics like Caesar's wife stayed- out of anything suspicious. In part, this answers the questions of readers who have asked us why we have not praised, or PAI taken the hide off of, or even mentioned, candidates for office in this election year. On an issue The American Legion may tear into—or heap praise on—anyone in public life. But on elections, we are silent with respect to any and all candidates. When you see all the fun that our sister magazines are having with politics these days, you can imagine what restraints we suffer in silence. Not a word about N n R r, or B y G r, or W -m S- —n. Nor, as a candidate, Doctors know that no absolute not even about L n J n. We haven't yet even mentioned the R n cure for arthritis has yet been N 1 C n, or the D c discovered. However, a method N 1 C n. has been developed to ease the But now we want to make a veiled statement. minor pain of chronic rheumatoid We are not talking about politics, we arthritis, whenever it occurs. are talking about people. Just by talking Doctors all over the country are to the man in the street, the way Harry recommending this Niagara® Truman did back in 1948, we have come to the conclusion, wrong or right, that method. They have seen it bring Discover the remarkable results neither major party correctly senses the prompt, effective relief from of extensive clinical experience secret heart of the people in this election year—not as of early July when we write minor arthritis pain. Now, you and doctor-supervised research this. We sense a new frustration and im- can 'get all the facts about this conducted throughout the last ten patience with public affairs that may pro- that outstanding Niagara method years. Find out how to combat duce the most madcap jumping of party lines since the 1930's and may come close many doctors recommend. many common problems of the to being a "Last Hurrah" for the tradi- over-40 years—without resorting tional thinking in this half of our century FREE INFORMATIVE BOOKLET to drugs. of both major parties. We sense that the Learn the truth about arthritis major issues in the public mind are not at all what the politicians or the political pain. Read the latest information Send today for this free booklet writers say they are. We don't get this about many typical symptoms of -"ACHES, PAINS from experts, but from surprising state- men and women over ^...in- AND TENSION ments coming from the mouths of friends and acquaintances and mere bystanders cluding fatigue, simple nervous- AFTER 40." It's that ignore their old political habits of ness, lack of sleep, as well as the yours without obli- thought—regardless of what the old habits minor pain and muscle spasm of gation. Simply mail were. We sense that people are also har- chronic arthritis and rheumatism. the coupon below. boring thoughts that they won't tell to pollsters, for fear of shocking them—but which they may tell to a voting machine. NIAGARA THERAPY CORP. They seem to be thinking things that are Dept. AL-8, 23 West 47th St., 7th Floor, New York, N. Y. 10036 taboo in their newspapers and news- magazines. Please rush complete information on the dynamic new concept of body care

without drugs . . . the remarkable method already discovered by millions of people, thousands of doctors. Send the informative booklet, "ACHES, PAINS DALLAS—CONVENTION TOWN AND TENSION AFTER 40." I understand this booklet is mine free, and with- In April, we went to Dallas—the out obligation. I Legion's 1964 Nat'l Convention city to see what sort of a convention town it is. Name We found it to be a very good one, and so reported in our stint, "A Look at Dallas, Address Texas," in our June issue. We ranked it with the top convention cities in the land City State Zip Code —based purely on what these eyes saw, what this gullet ate, what this pocketbook paid out, what these ears heard and how these old bones felt in Dallas. One thing we didn't know—but which doesn't sur-

6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 prise us—was later reported in an editorial in the Dallas Morning Nevvs which (nat- urally) liked what we wrote. Dallas it said, "ranks third (as a convention city in the U.S.), with only New York and Chicago listed with more such gatherings in the authoritative publication 'World Conven- " Sparkling... tions.' Statistics give you a warm feeling when they bear out your personal impressions, and though we didn't know it before, we flavorful aren't surprised that only the monsters New York and Chicago draw more conventions each year. Dallas has what conventions want.

RED CHINA There is new pressure for the United States to get "soft" on Red China. It takes many forms, some attractively dis- guised—such as a "movement" for us to get out of Vietnam which, while listing "reasons," omits any word that the historical result would be to hand Vietnam to Red China. Vietnam is a very uncom- fortable spot for us right now, and may continue to be so—but we would not exist as a great, free nation today if Washington had put comfort ahead of hard policy at Valley Forge. Let any Americans who may think that the way out of anything unpleasant is to back out start now to read, or reread, Carl Sandburg's "Abra- ham Lincoln—The War Years." Old Abe can tell them as much as Washington could about the value of backbone, no matter how great the trials that could more comfortably be sidestepped, no matter what elegant reasons could be framed to excuse weakness. We are happy to note that 335 members of the Congress of the United States have individually signed a declaration backing the Administration in a "sound and firm policy" toward communist China, and that the 335 include many distinguished names of members in both parties. The

statement, too long to print here, is specific and unequivocal. On page 10 of this issue, Mr. Gerald Steibel gives you a factual report on what Red China is doing, not just militarily in Asia, but shrewdly and politically and sometimes economically on every conti- Miller I nent, to advance her ambitions. We have called it "Red China versus The World" and urge it on your attention. In a future issue we plan to give you a report on a great military bastion Red China is building on the roof of the world, with the High Life blood of the most peaceful of people. Jj A VERSATILE GUY Pleasure for everyone! Mahoney has written on all sorts Tom A bright, clear taste . . . of subjects for you. Medicine, science i/Stl and history have poured off his typewriter flavor with a deep -down goodness, to your applause. He is that rare thing in sparkling with a special these days of specialists—a craftsman in many fields. But sometimes we think we lightness . . . distinctive! gjffj need a specialist and call on him for help. Like when we asked him if he knew who could do us a good piece on how to buy a diamond. "Wrote two books on it myself," he ventured. We looked at the books and gave him the job. See page 20. future issues he has some fascinating In Brewed only in Milwaukee history for you, ranging from Pancho Villa to "Franksgiving." rbp THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 7 S ,

TREND TO TRADE WITH REDS. DATELINE A NEW ISTHMIAN CANAL CUBAN FUTURE. WASHINGTON

Even as the United States battles red ideology, PEOPLE AND QUOTES olitical expansion, and guerrilla wars around the globe p WORLD ORDER NEEDED p ressures are building up in Washing ton to increase "Our deepest, and, in the long U. . w c trade ith the ommunists ... A White House run, most vital interest lies in conference on export expansion has urged serious con- the building of a stable world sideration of increased East-West trade . . . The U.S. community. The present an- Chamber of Commerce has come out for more trade with archic condition of human affairs on this tiny planet is Russia and Eastern Europe . . . Some Administration dangerously precarious for spokesmen have publicly expressed the opinion that such everybody." Secy, of State a step is inevitable. Dean Rusk. After some 20 ye ars of discussion within the U.S. BUREAUCRACY vs. BUSINESS Government , the Pentag on is now pushing hard and earn- "Today, there exists ... a estl y for an all-out site search and the creation of a 'fourth branch of government' second i nterocean canal as successor to the Panama Canal It includes more than 60 independent Federal agencies which . . . The Pentagon has warned Congress that U.S. security not only regulate, but investi- requires a sea-level canal, to replace the present gate and sometimes castigate system of level-changing locks, across the American almost every action and activity Isthmus between North and South America ... It is an taken or planned by business- open secret that the existing Panama Canal is vulnerable men." L. B. Worthington, president, U.S. Steel Corporation. to sabotage and accident . . . Pentagon experts believe that a properly-built sea-level canal could stand up ROBOTS DON'T SPEND even against atomic bombs . . . Meanwhile, our naval "The most sophisticated de- vessels are getting bigger . . . Some 24 units of the vices can do almost everything Navy's fleet cannot sail through the Panama Canal . . . else, but they cannot replace In addition, more than 600 commercial ships can't get the human element as the purchasing power at the end of through when fully laden . . . Currently, most likely the production line." David J. routes appear to be through Colombia— or through Panama McDonald, president, United again, 110 miles east of present course . . . Nicaragua, a Steelworkers of America, competitor for the first canal, isn't in the forefront. AFL-CIO.

Marathon- tal k ing Fidel Castro , in his fifth year of NO VIETNAM RETREAT p ower, shows no signs of shutting up or stepping down "... If anyone has the illu-

. . . Worse, there's no visible omen of his being sion that my Government will of toppled in the near future . . , Despite argument in abandon the people Vietnam some quarters of Washington that the bearded Cuban —or that we shall weary of the burden of support that we are dictator is merely a nuisance, the Administration con- rendering these people—it can siders the communist-controlled island only 90 miles only be due to ignorance of the off our shores as being a direct threat to the security determination and stamina of of the United States and Western Hemisphere . . . But the American people." Adlai E. Stevenson, U.S. Ambassador to what to do? . . . Tighten the economic blockade around the United Nations. Cuba? . . . Encourage the exiles to infiltrate Cuba? . . . Send in the U.S. Marines? . . . There is no end SPEED TRAPS OK to the suggestions, some from the candidates for political "Foolish speed is a potential office . . . Consensus here is that barring an unfore- killer, and those who say that seen change in the current situation, the United States radar traps are hitting below is expected simply to watch and wait —until after elec- the belt remind me of the bur- glar who said the police should tions . . . Feeling is that whatever new action the not wear rubber soles at night." United takes, States Castro and communism would be Lord Champion of Great buried deepest by Cubans themselves. Britain.

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 FOR YOUR INFORMATION The Problem Of The Non-Voter

By NATIONAL COMMAN

Beneath the noise and color and excitement of current But it isn't just a question of voting your choice. Public political campaigning, consider this: indifference at the polls breeds government indifference. He In the next three months more than 100 million Americans who shirks his vote is poorly equipped to protest if those will be asked to decide with their ballots the future course elected shirk theirs thereafter. and leadership of the nation. A 64 percent sampling of American voters in 1964 doesn't If the 1960 pattern is repeated, more than one-third of meet America's needs in the 1960's. Nations around the the electorate will take no part in the decision. globe, many of them new and groping for a political philoso- Recent national elections have produced voter turnouts phy, look to the United States for lessons in the functioning of 90 percent in Italy, 85 percent in West Germany, and of a free society. Rightly or wrongly, they will question an about 80 percent in Great Britain, France, Israel and the elective process in which four people out of ten do not vote, Scandinavian countries. The U.S. score in 1960 was 64 per- and only one in ten involve themselves in political combat. cent, the highest in our history. Simply increasing the number of voters will not necessarily A comparable showing in 1964 won't be nearly good improve the quality of our voting. We also need more voters enough. To insure a sound base for responsible government who are informed, alert, and perceptive. We need more men

at home and strong leadership abroad, we need an over- and women who make it their business to discriminate be- whelming turnout at the polls on November 3rd. I urge every tween candidates and issues at the local and state levels as American Legionnaire to join now in a sustained drive, well as the national. For instance, nominees for the board of through education and persuasion and personal example, to education rarely pack the promotional or emotional appeal impress upon all our citizens the responsibility to vote. of presidential candidates. But how and whom we choose to As a first step, each of us should make certain that our serve on that board may do more to determine future prog- own path to the polls is clear. Responsible exercise of the ress in a community than our choice of President.

right to vote requires that we ( 1 ) qualify as voters by regis- According to students of American voting habits, people tering under the laws of our state, (2) size up the issues and stay away from the polls chiefly for three reasons: they aren't candidates in the light of the best information we can get, interested, they can't make up their minds, or they don't and (3) vote on Election Day. want to get mixed up with politics. For the dedicated Ameri- The right to vote, like our other fundamental rights, is can Legionnaire, the first two are unacceptable and the third not self-perpetuating. To keep it, we must use it—intelligently just doesn't make sense. and faithfully. Either we vote and thereby support our free, representative system; or we fail to vote and thereby weaken Politics and good government are not only compatible— the system. they are inseparable. Political organizations and loyalties Any American Legionnaire who might be inclined to fore- furnish the fuel that makes the government go. If you want go voting on November 3rd ought to consider these facts: a better grade of political performance than you're getting,

Three-fourths of the world's adults today are denied the there's only one effective way to go at it—from the inside, privilege of expressing their preference at the polls. They as a working, contributing member of your party. live under systems where freedom of choice is outlawed or Plato stated the alternative a good many centuries ago, where educational and economic levels are too low to sustain "The punishment of wise men who refuse to take part in the popular government. affairs of government is to live under the government of Thousands of young Americans who fought at our sides unwise men." to preserve the right of suffrage never got a chance to ex- A major American Legion "Get-Out-the-Vote" drive al-

ercise it. They gave their lives before reaching voting age. ready has been mounted by our national organization and Does one vote count? Every vote counts, yours just as many departments and posts. Every working Legionnaire

much as any other. To believe otherwise is to disbelieve the has a stake and place in it. If your post hasn't taken action, doctrines which undergird our free society. Your vote counts stir up some. Stress the obligation of every citizen to "get whether you cast it or not; for when you don't vote, you involved" in government. Add your name and prestige to double the influence of a voter who disagrees with your view community "Get-Out-the-Vote" movements. Remind your

of what is good and necessary for the Country. neighbors and friends that voting is one concrete answer to

In the 1 960 presidential election, a switch of less than one the question, "What can I do for my Country?" Look for percent of the ballots in eight states would have changed the new ways, beyond baby-sitting and transportation services,

election's result. The 1962 gubernatorial election in Min- to make it easy for people to stop at the polling place. nesota was decided by a margin of 91 votes out of a million In free America, that's where effective citizenship and good and a quarter cast. government start.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 9 RED CHINA versus THE WORLD

This year Moscow called for the expulsion

of Red China from world communism. Here's

what it found going on in its own camp

By GERALD L. STEIBEL

February 14, 1964, the Soviet OnUnion's Communist Party Cen- tral Committee met behind closed doors to hear Mikhail Suslov assail Red of China's recklessness China and call for her expulsion from were not willing to the red camp. The speech remained carry the matter to a secret for several weeks. Then, under a complete rupture. rain of new Chinese attacks on the That a Communist Soviet Union, the Soviets reluctantly Party anywhere in the published it. world could defy Moscow The reasons for their reluctance were as the Chinese did would soon clear. Though the French commu- have been inconceivable 15 nists and a few others endorsed Suslov's years ago. That the defier would call for a meeting to kick Red China out have enough support in other Parties of the communist brotherhood, most of to paralyze Moscow's will to act would the world's 90 Parties did not. About have been even more unthinkable. nine of them were openly hostile to the Plainly, China has done a lot of spade- Russian view, out of a true loyalty to work around the world besides threat- Red China. Others, while loyal to the ening war since Mao Tse-tung became Soviets, had militant pro-China factions the master of that land. Where does her within them, whose capacity for disrup- power to challenge Russia within the red tion they feared. Even Khrushchev's own movement come from? Just how strong close allies in the Polish, Hungarian and and deep is that power beyond China's Italian Communist Parties have been re- own border? luctant to speak out. Quite a few of the Red China, today, has developed at Parties in other nations were happy to least some influence and friends on every have the Russo-Chinese quarrel stay continent. She carries weight even among alive. They wanted no settlement because those who are not her friends. The story their bargaining power within the com- begins in Southeast Asia, though where munist camp would be greater if there it ends, no one can yet tell. were no unquestioned world leader. Even those who were most sympathetic Asia to Khrushchev's desire to avoid the risks Fifteen years ago, as the Chinese com- of nuclear war and were most fearful munists fought their way into Peking,

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 backed had fought the French since 1946. Five years later all had changed. Mao Tse-tung's power was well on the way to displacing Moscow's in both of these areas, Ten years after that his mastery of Asi?n communism was virtually complete. Mao's instruments were war, politics —and Stalin's mistakes. First, he inter- they had no power whatever in Asia, vened in the war which Stalin instigated outside China. Moscow did. There were in Korea in 1950. By the time it halted Communist Parties in all the large Asian in an armistice, in 1953, Chinese man- the Korean War was that Red China took countries, and all were answerable to power had given Mao political control control of North Korea from Russia. Joseph Stalin. In Korea, Stalin's men in North Korea, a result Stalin had not The Chinese rapidly shifted men and ruled half the peninsula. In French foreseen. From our American point of arms southward into Indochina imme- Indochina, another peninsula to the view we have hardly realized that per- diately following the armistice in Korea. south, guerrillas he had equipped and haps one of the main historic results of Less than a year later, the French went

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 11 a

Red Chinese glad-handing around the world

Albania Premier Hoxha and Chou En-lai. Rumanian party boss Maurer and Mao. Colombia's Rodriguez Plata and Mac

CONTINUED RED CHINA versus THE WORLD

down to disaster at Dienbienphu and carry out the order and Laos will join the war in Vietnam and will sooner or Chinese communism had begun to thrust North Vietnam and North Korea in the later pull out. Sihanouk has welcomed Russian communism from the three In- Chinese satellite orbit. French President de Gaulle's proposals dochinese countries of Vietnam, Laos Cambodia, the third of the Indo- to "neutralize" the whole peninsula— and Cambodia. milder way of turning it over to China. None of the communist leaders in Recently he cut off United States eco- these countries was happy with the out- nomic aid as a way of getting better come. China has an old and nasty repu- terms from the Chinese. tation in Southeast Asia. They all tried Next, the Chinese have pushed against to stay clear of subservience to either a second arc: Thailand, Burma and In- Moscow or Peking, but could not. The donesia. North Koreans still will not denounce Thailand's communists are solidly Khrushchev by name, and Communist pro-Chinese and they are leagued with North Vietnam's President Ho-Chi-Minh guerrillas operating against the govern- tries to maintain the appearance of an ment in the northeast from bases across River in Laos. The Thai "Asian Tito"—a communist who is a the Mekong nationalist as well—but both the Parties government is pro-Western and a mem- and the governments are securely under ber of the Southeast Asia Treaty Or- the Chinese thumb now. ganization. In 1962, there were several Red China has also cut down the thousand American troops stationed in Soviets in Laos, the banana-shaped king- the country. Their possible return, and dom between Vietnam and Thailand. the "showing of the flag" by the U.S. off Thailand's shores, have so Laos' 1 8,000 member Communist Pathet 7th Fleet Lao fighters are the strongest military Inset map No. 1 from page 11. far kept the country safe from a major force in that land, capable of conquering invasion. But Thailand's leaders, too, the entire country. Originally equipped Chinese countries, is nominally inde- have expressed open doubt about Ameri- and supplied by Moscow, the Pathet Lao pendent and "neutral." But its colorful, can staying power and have sent a few States now takes its orders from Peking. If and saxophone-playing ruler, Prince Noro- feelers to Peking. If the United when Peking decides that Laos can be dom Sihanouk, says frankly he expects did withdraw from Asia, either through taken over without provoking a United to be under China's rule eventually be- military defeat or some political "settle- States military blow, the Pathet Lao will cause, he states, the Americans can't win ment," Thailand would be the first pro-

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 Mao hosts family of Brazilian rebel Juliao. Guinea's Pres. Toure & Chou. Chou En-lai and Burma's Gen. Ne Win.

Western country in Southeast Asia to delicate and dangerous game with has made major efforts with all its fall into Red Chinese hands. Peking and the Indonesian Communist weapons to make its weight felt in both Burmese governments have fought a Party. Sukarno is an unscrupulous dema- countries. running war with communist insurgents gogue whose vast military forces were Its most effective stroke was the war it since Burma became independent in equipped by Moscow and whose rickety launched against the poorly equipped economy was for a long time shored up Indian armies in the north, in October by American aid. He is ambitious to 1962. This drove the pro-Chinese fac- seize territories on the island of Borneo tions in the Indian Communist Party which now belong to pro-Western Ma- laysia. Indonesian guerrillas are operating in Borneo with active help from Malayan and Indonesian communists. Indonesia's communist leader, D. N. Aidit, is a Peking man and the 2-million- strong Indonesian Communist Party is Inset map No. 2 from page 11. the largest in Asia outside China. Both Peking and Sukarno believe they can 1948. There are three Communist Parties use each other—and eventually win out there and two are run by Peking. But against each other. Sukarno's anti-com- China has sweetened insurgency with munist Defense Chief, General Nasution, money and diplomacy, granting Burma has warned Sukarno he's playing with economic help and signing treaties set- fire, but even Nasution and Aidit work tling old border problems between the together. two countries. In response, Burmese Beyond these two inner rings, there ruler General Ne Win has traveled back is a last, outer arc of Asian nations, with and forth to Peking and proclaimed Japan at one end and India at the other. Burmese friendship for China. He has This arc takes in Pakistan, Ceylon, also put the country well on the road to Australia and New Zealand. They are Inset map No. 3 from page 11. a centralized economy, and raised left- all too large or remote for any thought wing socialists to leading positions. An of easy takeover, hence are much farther into obscurity, and caused the political old Asian proverb is repeated often in down on Peking's schedule of communi- downfall of pro-Chinese Defense Min-

Burma: "When China spits, Burma zation. ister V. K. Krishna Menon. But it put swims." Complete independence from a But two in particular concern Mao's neither of them out of business perma- powerful China is impossible for her. planners intensely: India and Japan. nently. Just a year and a half later, even At the Pacific end of this second ring Both are "Western" societies in the midst before the death of Nehru, the "China is the island domain of Indonesia, of China's self-appointed preserve; both, Lobby" in the Indian Communist Party where President Sukarno is playing a therefore, are special challenges. Peking (Continued on page 45)

THE AMEF AN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 13 By H. R. BAUKHAGE and A. A. HOEHLING

i he United States of 1914-1916 and its state of mind bore almost t;no resemblance to the country we know today. The First World War was raging in Black Europe, but we were not yet in The Tom it. "Preparedness" parades, spy scares, patriotic pleas to mobilize, ever-mounting traffic in war goods, plus an odd Alice BROWN BHO in Wonderland domination by a sense of right and wrong: these were among the intricate preoccupations during the 'teens before America's entry into the Great War. Persons with foreign names, especially German names, were under enormous suspicion. Under equal suspicion was almost anyone caught strolling past a military post or factory that turned out munitions tagged for Europe. Secret wireless transmitters; Ger- manic-appearing characters with fierce moustaches (cloaked in black), dashing about in touring cars in the dead of night; "spies" who were allegedly poison- ing wells or sowing germs like sunflower seeds—all seemed credible and ominous in those days. Much of this was hysteria. On the Wreckage of a pier three miles from Black Tom. other hand, there was very real cause for concern over sabotage, though not for total panic. This concern could reasona- Karl Boy-Ed, naval attache; and a far However, von Bernstorff and company

bly have commenced with the arrival of more shadowy and little-known individ- went considerably farther. As it turned the new German Ambassador to Wash- ual, Wolf von Igel (whose very name out, the Count had brought with him as ington, sinister-appearing Count Johann seemed to connote intrigue and con- fine a viper's nest as ever writhed in Bernstorff, von in August 1914, after war spiracy) . Washington's embassy row.

had broken out in Europe. The most provocative aspect of this In a very few weeks, on January 1, Bernstorff was accompanied by an undiplomatic "team" from Berlin was its 1915, the first reptile eggs hatched—an usual staff, spearheaded by Dr. Heinrich "spending money"—a whopping $150 incendiary fire in the Roebling Steel Albert, blandly listed as a "commercial million. And this was just a starter. foundry in Trenton, N.J. It was followed, attache." Also with him were: Dr. Bern- Like any consular group, the Germans in rather quick succession, by fires and hard Dernberg, propagandist; Capt. were expected to try to influence public explosions in other plants and factories Franz von Papen, military attache; Capt. opinion in favor of their homeland. dealing in war contracts for the Allies. The next month there was a comic-opera -THE MACHINERY OF INTRIGUE- climax in the clumsy attempt by a Ger- man army officer, Werner Horn, to blow up a railroad bridge linking Vanceboro, Maine, with Canada.

There could be very little doubt that Albert, Dernberg, von Papen, Boy-Ed and von Igel were bent on activities which were most undiplomatic. Theirs had turned into something other than a goodwill mission. When von Papen was not roistering at Washington and New York night spots, he was busy in a "front" office at 60 Wall Street, in lower Manhattan, issuing false passports for German agents to England and France, and paying off a multitude of organizations and individuals spread- ing anti-Allied sentiment. There were many takers. Even with all this frenzied activity emanating from the German Embassy, Ambassador Attache Publisher the security of America still was not ex- von Bernstorff Boy-Ed Viereck actly "threatened." Nonetheless, what

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 —

Explosion German saboteurs in 1916 blew up a munitions

pier in New York Harbor with a bang that was heard in Philadelphia.

Nothing was left of Black Tom Pier, but fire tugs fought blazes all along the adjacent shoreline.

the German envoys and agents failed to land Canal, which bypasses Niagara In the United States less than three accomplish in physical damage, they Falls; and wreak general chaos along the months, von Rintelen had worked fast. more than compensated for by inflaming Canadian border. A spurious telegram, concocted by Scot-

the public's imagination. That did it. Albert, Boy-Ed, von Papen land Yard, lured him on his way back to To the masterminds in Berlin—pri- and Dumba were sent packing. Von Germany. He was removed from a neu- marily Col. Walther Nicolai, director of Bernstorff miraculously weathered the tral ship at Falmouth, arrested and

the Nachrichten Abteilung, the intelli- storm. But Colonel Nicolai knew that it eventually returned to the United States gence headquarters, centered in Berlin was now time to rush in a reserve pro- for trial and imprisonment in the Federal inflaming public imagination in the fessional sabotage team. It consisted of Penitentiary in Atlanta. United States still wasn't enough. Dr. one man—the suave, aristocratic army Before this supreme trickster had him- Albert, in a ridiculous charade of bun- reservist, Capt. Franz von Rintelen. self been tricked, however, he was to re- gling, had allowed a U.S. Secret Service "Munitions," von Rintelen confided to call strolling along the New lersey wa- agent to snatch (in a New York elevated his friends at the Hotel Adlon in Berlin, terfront one day and noting the intense train) a briefcase containing incriminat- "munitions is my job—what I can't buy activity at a mile-long pier jutting out ing literature about the Germans' activi- I'll blow up, kaput schlagen!" from the settlement of Communipaw, ties. It involved not only Albert, Boy-Ed Buying was an empty boast. Already, opposite the Statue of Liberty. This was and von Papen, but Dr. Constantin the Allies' investment in U.S.-made ma- Black Tom Pier, resting partly on di- Theodor Dumba, the Austro-Hungarian teriel of war was approaching an annual minutive Black Tom Island, and contain- Ambassador and an American, George $3 billion. Blowing up munitions was ing a complex of warehouses and the Sylvester Viereck, poet, propagandist more within the realm of practicability. tracks of the Lehigh Valley Railroad. and publisher of the militantly pro-Ger- Von Rintelen perfected the "pencil" The name "Black Tom" was said to have man newspaper Vaterland. bomb, a devilishly simple incendiary de- originated from a swarthy-skinned fish- The documents chronicled sabotage vice which ignited cargoes when ships erman, once the island's sole inhabitant. and projected activities, including an am- were far at sea. It was estimated later Issuing forth from Black Tom Pier,

bitious program to place fire bombs on that he alone had destroyed $ 1 0 million day and night, was much of the fuel outbound Allied ships; wreck the Wel- worth of cargo on 36 ships. {Continued on page 49)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 15 By CHARLES S. GARDNER

An Act of Congress in 1953 Federal Help / \ created an agency of the federal government called the Small Business Administration, or SBA for short. for From the point of view of people who run a small business or are thinking of running one, this means exactly what it says. The SBA is a federal agency to help small businesses individually and small Small Businesses business generally. From the point of view of the government, small businesses often operate at a disadvantage in competition with large The owner of a small business may get financial support, businesses, and small businesses are important to the country. Therefore a fed- management counsel and an inside track on government eral agency to help small businesses is justifiable in the national interest. contracts through the U.S. Small Business Administration What kind of help does SBA hold out to small business operators? — first authorized by Congress in 1953. f/ere's how its Basically three kinds:

1 . It makes money available for busi- program works today to keep the little fellow in the swim ness operations, under several kinds of programs all of which are loans. — against the corporate mammoths. 2. It provides counsel for operators of small businesses. This could be just good business counsel for a small business that is short of sound business whether the SBA's help will strengthen station operator, the druggist, the res- know-how; or it could be special man- the applicant, rather than be a crutch for taurant owner. It is presently putting agement advice of the sort that is gen- him, are governing factors, as is his true more emphasis on aiding such small erally beyond the reach of a small busi- need for federal help rather than, say, a firms. But the bulk of its help goes to ness because it costs so much to develop. commercial bank loan. The ground rules somewhat larger firms—the employer of 3. It guides small businesses in the are pretty well tied to these considera- from a dozen to 100 workers—to help procurement of government contracts, tions. underwrite new equipment, plant expan- some of which are specifically set aside How small must a small business be sion, new outlets, etc. for the bids of small businesses only. to meet the SBA's definition? Before taking a closer look at its pro- Can just any small businessman secure The answer varies from industry to in- grams, let's look at the SBA itself and a solution to his problems from SBA? dustry. In fact, in spite of its name, the the troubles of small business in general. No. It isn't a form of charity for small SBA is best equipped to aid "middle- The SBA is presently administered by business. The nature of the business- sized" business. It regularly helps a large Eugene P. Foley. Although the name man's problem and the question as to number of very small firms: the service Foley is not uncommon, he actually is

Two ventures in Lincoln, Nebr. Above, Western Flavor Isle, Inc., restaurant. Right, an electronics firm which used SBA capital started as a small retail ice cream business. Small Business funds to: increase payroll from 92 to nearly 200, jump annual

Administration aid helped it grow to a profitable drive-in sales by half a million, with steady growth continuing now.

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 —

Bedell at 15, starting fishing tackle business. Bedell's Spirit Lake plant, mainly financed by SBA $250,000 loan.

Three photos show classic small business growth. At 15,

Berkley Bedell, of Spirit Lake, Iowa, tied flies for fisher- men. While still in high school he had seven employees.

By 1960 he had operations in 9 downtown buildings. An SBA quarter million dollar loan helped put him under one roof ( top right). This year (right) he got a plaque from President John- son as Small Businessman of the Year. one of the brothers of Daniel F. Foley, cate himself on SBA procedures and the 1963-64 National Commander of policies at the nearest local office, before The American Legion, and hails, like the actually applying.

Legion Commander, from Wabasha, Because it is limited in all of its means, Minn. The SBA is located at 811 Ver- the SBA wants to feel sure of a possible mont A"ve., N.W., in Washington, D. C, success before aiding a small business Bedell, left, at White House last May, gets awa but it conducts its work with small busi- and it has found that the character and nessmen at a large number of field business sense of the applicants and the sticks in estimating possible successes. offices, which are listed at the end of this judgments of its own staff are good yard- So, whether a business needs funds, article. advice, or help in getting a government The SBA is itself small—a dwarf contract, SBA officials are most willing among the giants of the federal bu- to take risks and spend their time with reaucracy. Its budget is small. Its staff is the firms that seem to them best able to small. Its lending resources are small. profit from the assistance.

While perhaps nine out of ten businesses A business that is already well down in the country are its potential "clients," the road to failure doesn't appeal to them. eligible for SBA's services—from loans But the SBA will go all out for the firm through management advice—it actually that looks like a winner, be it a Miami helps only a limited number of these. It Beach restaurant, a nursing home in behooves a small operator to know ex- Kansas, a Maine lobsterman. an antique actly what he is looking for when he dealer in California, a chiropractor in approaches the SBA. He should think Colorado, a machine shop in Hawaii, a To increase loan funds for small outfits, nature Idaho, peat out his problem—and the of the SBA backs private small business lending frozen potato plant in a aid for which he could reasonably apply firms. Gus Levathes, above, heads the first grinding firm in Michigan, a shrimp —pretty thoroughly, and he should edu- such funding firm in Washington, D. C. packer in Mississippi, an apple packer in THE AMER ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 \J continued Federal Help for Small Businesses

Washington, or an oil-field equipment a line of credit. It can bargain for favor- grams to aid areas of the country facing firm in Texas. able terms. chronic unemployment. It has desig- How have small businesses been doing The small firm, on the other hand, nated hundreds of counties throughout in general? The Chase Manhattan Bank finds the cost of marketing stocks or the country as eligible for this assistance. recently put together some statistics that bonds out of the question when raising a There are many of these counties in New indicate how rough a time small firms relatively small sum. It must virtually England. The largest area is the huge are having. beg for bank financing, and then is fortu- Appalachia belt, extending through Private businesses of any size have nate to get a one-year loan. much of Pennsylvania, and parts of declined, from 39.5 per 1,000 in 1948 to A large company, therefore, finds it Virginia, West Virginia, Ohio, Illinois

36.4 per 1 ,000 in 1 963. In total numbers, easier than a small one to get the money and Kentucky. In these areas, SBA loans independent firms of all sizes increased to grow. Furthermore, the lower cost of that usually bring 5.5% are available in the period. But the number declined capital to a large company may be just for 4%.

This difference is so enticing that a number of firms have carried out expansion programs in depressed areas, thus

enlarging their payrolls, which is what the government is after. But the government tries to avoid encouraging a company in another area to shut down where it is and move to one of the depressed counties. When this does happen, the government is sometimes accused of stimulating the "pirating" of industry from more prosperous areas. SBA does not make loans for moving a business,

unless the government has forced it to move. Following natural disasters, the Ad- ministrator may issue a "disaster declaration," under which owners of homes, businesses, or charitable organizations that have been destroyed or damaged may apply to SBA for 3% rehabilitation loans, with up to 20 years to repay. This Growing small businesses frequently fail for want of management savvy. The SBA has nothing to do with a Presidential dec- counsels them, and promotes local management schools. Above is a business management course co-sponsored by the SBA and the Akron (Ohio) Chamber of Commerce. laration of a disaster area. SBA is frequently the first on the scene in proportion to the population growth. the difference between its profit and a when disaster strikes. This was the case In the years from 1948 to 1962 there small firm's loss. in Alaska, following the earthquake. was a drop of almost 30% in the number The pressing need of small, expanding Congress voted millions of dollars to help of owners of their own businesses per businesses for long-term financing at rea- Alaska back on its feet. But long before 1,000 population. The figure includes sonable rates was recognized for years that, SBA was on the scene with a ready- farmers and professionals, such as doc- before the Small Business Administra- made program to start Alaskan home- tors and lawyers. There were 69.3 inde- tion was established. SBA's chief task is owners and businessmen with rebuilding. pendent businesses per 1,000 persons in to try to fill this "capital gap." It has SBA head Eugene Foley immediately 1948, but only 50.6 just 14 years later. several programs with this purpose. went to Alaska himself and was able to

Yet small business, according to Chase The first of these is the direct loan. report to his brother, Legion head Dan Manhattan, refreshes and rejuvenates The agency investigates an application Foley, that the SBA was the first federal our economic life. The small business- for funds, and advances anywhere from agency and the Legion the first private man, the bank says, "makes the economy a few hundred dollars up to a maximum agency actually in the field with relief in

more competitive . . . keeps the industrial of $350,000. Generally, these loans are Alaska.

giants on their toes, and . . . because of for ten years, and the annual interest is Under the SBA's disaster loan pro- his flexibility and inventiveness, quickly 5.5% . However, funds for working capi- gram, there is no dollar limit on the adapts to ever-changing consumer wants tal must usually be repaid in five years, amount it can lend, and it has consider- and needs." while funds for construction use are able discretion to be lenient in demand- Now let's look at SBA's programs. available for ten years after the con- ing collateral. Normally, real estate or

First is money. Money, when they struction is complete. chattel mortgages are the required need it. is of maximum importance to Such funds may also be used to buy collateral for SBA loans. Warehouse most small businesses. equipment, facilities, supplies or material receipts for salable goods, personal en- SBA financial aid exists in a number for expansion or conversion to new lines. dorsements, receivable accounts, and of forms, and capital for growth or de- Under some circumstances, SBA inventories stored under bond are also velopment is primary. funds are available at lower interest rates acceptable. A big, going company has options. It and longer terms. Very favorable terms are also avail- can issue bonds. It can sell common For example, the government (not able from SBA for the relocation of firms shares. It has banks clamoring to extend just SBA) has a number of special pro- forced to move because of federally-

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AU GUST 1964 aided construction projects, such as Eugene Foley, who has headed SBA number of very small loans argues that housing developments and highways. for a year, has put special emphasis on SBA aid is forthcoming for the tiny If a small business is suffering "sub- these "participation" arrangements, and businesses that seek it. It also is reason- stantial economic injury as a result of is so far encouraged by the results. able to assume that the bigger businesses excessive rainfall or drought" it is also Obviously, this lets SBA spread its have an easier time getting bankers to eligible to apply for SBA's "disaster loan funds more widely—and there is an participate in their SBA loans. loans," even though the rainfall is not a important extra dividend in private par- SBA also has a program for situations flood or the drought is not a general ticipation. Bankers often become ac- in which citizens set out to improve their disaster. The point is that certain busi- quainted for the first time with small community economy by forming a local nesses, by their nature, suffer may from business financing. Then, if their experi- development company to construct fac- heavy rain or drought even when neither ence proves satisfactory, SBA officials tories, industrial parks or shopping cen- is a disaster for business in general in say they will turn to small business ters—which it then sells or leases to small the afflicted area. financing on their own, without federal companies. In all of its programs, attempts involvement. SBA When this happens, SBA SBA may loan up to $350,000 for as to make its resources stretch far. This is it feels has made genuine progress. long as 25 years for each separate busi- particularly true of its lending programs. SBA goes along with several kinds of ness to be assisted. The development participating loans. When the bank and company must, however, as a minimum, put SBA up funds at the same time, SBA get up 20% of the total financing itself. will take up to 90% of the loan. How- This program is tailor-made to help ever, if a bank will take half of a loan, the retailer who finds himself squeezed SBA will agree to let the bank be repaid out when a flashy new shopping center before it is. This is proving to be a popu- comes along. Shopping center developers lar feature. tend to sign up big chain outlets—shoe A close look at the pattern of SBA stores, drug stores, groceries, department lending in a recent month provides a stores—before they begin to build. They picture of the way the agency operates, might prefer to let in the local merchant of who is taking advantage of the lend- with an established reputation. But he ing programs, and of their volume. lacks the credit rating needed to get pri- Last February SBA hit a record in vate financing. SBA meets this problem lending. It approved 444 business loans, by picking up $350,000 maximum for totaling $21.5 million. The two biggest each independent merchant to be located loans, totaling each, $450,000 included in a shopping center, if it is built by a private participation. They went to a local development company. Georgia rug manufacturer and to a But a further complication is that, to Eugene Foley, head of the U. S. processor of frozen potatoes in Idaho. be successful, shopping centers need the Small Business Administration. largest The loan for which SBA picked big name outlets as well as small stores.

SBA won't help the big ones, but it may finance the proportion of the development to be devoted to small merchants, letting the development company get private backing for the proportion to be occupied by chain outlets. Funds are also available for state-wide development companies, but the local ones have proved far better customers for SBA's money. In still another financing program, the SBA directly attacks the over-all general Hendricks Parris Maness Kelley shortage of private investment funds for Top SBA deputies include Logan Hendricks (Financial Assistance); James Parris (Man- risky adventures in small business agement Assistance); Irving Maness (Procurement Assistance), and Richard Kelley through its backing of privately owned (Investment Division). They head up the major operational programs of the agency. Small Business Investment Companies. This is the SBA's most exciting and at They are financed through revolving up the full amount was for $350,000, to the same time most controversial present funds held by the Treasury Department. a nursing home in Bayside, L.I. From program. Its aim is to get private funds SBA makes them go further by using there, the loans ranged all the way down behind risky small companies with big them to encourage private capital to take to $610, borrowed by an accountant in growth potentials. It is decidedly not for a chance on small businesses. Seattle, Wash. the corner grocer. One of SBA's methods is to encourage Of all of the February loans, SBA Consider an engineer who has de- banks and other private lenders to pick advanced the full sum for 191, while veloped an improved television antenna. up part of an SBA direct loan. With the private funds took a share of 253. There With funds from interested family and government assuming part of the risk, were 67 loans of $100,000 or more, and friends, and perhaps a small short-term the bank's involvement is less. It works private lenders took part in 52 of them. bank loan, he has had some success pro- the other way too. If a bank will go along At the low end of the range, there were ducing and selling the product on a small with part of a loan, this is an inducement 100 loans of $10,000 or less. Only a scale. At this point, he must get a large to the SBA to accept the risk as well. The quarter of these very small loans had amount of capital to expand, or attempt bank's judgment can be especially valu- outside participation. to sell his invention to an established able where the bankers are more familiar These statistics suggest some conclu- firm, or simply let his development die with the borrowers and local conditions sions. The bulk of the funds went to the on the vine. than SBA's own officials. big borrowers, of course. But the large (Continued on page 39)

THE AMERI CAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 19 — '

By TOM MAIIONEY The girls like the rocks. The men

diamond is pure carbon, compressed into a unique crystalline who buy them can help themselves by A form under such great pressure and unusual circumstances that it is one of the rarest stones in nature. In addi- knowing a little about the subject. tion, a good diamond is among the most beautiful of stones in its own unique way. It is the hardest stone known and, in the words of Mae West, "the hardest to get.'" Having virtually no color of its own

(inherent color is a mark against a diamond), it does have a high refractive index—which gives it the power, when How to Buy white light passes through its surface, to break it up into its component colors to a considerable degree. Thus it can flash colors to your eye which are not visible in the light entering the diamond. A val- (6th Ave.), diamond merchants fre- cost less and may be cut and mounted in uable diamond has great "fire." It ac- quently evaluate small diamonds on the a way to exhibit considerable flash and quires its fire by—among other things sidewalk while sauntering during their fire. having at least 58 facets cut in it. They lunch hour with fellow diamond mer- Diamonds are weighed by the metric provide many surfaces which reflect and chants. They may often be seen in pairs, carat. The word is derived from the pass light, adding fire with each passage, one putting a glass (loupe) to one eye, carob, a small oriental bean about the and they provide many directions in inspecting a stone, and quickly giving size of an apple seed. It is not to be which it can show its fire. The facets evaluation. Passersby are impressed confused with the proofreader's caret, or (which are man-made) are not enough an to note that with the aid of a glass the the rabbit's carrot, nor yet with the karat, in themselves to make a great diamond. The quality of the original stone before cutting, and its exact depth and shape are among other essentials for maximum fire.

For most men, buying a diamond is a rare excursion into the fascinating and mysterious jewelry business. In no other field are so many important purchases made with so little information, and often in haste and with emotional over- tones. Diamonds are used on pendants, bracelets, earrings, brooches, assorted other forms of personal adornment, and —perhaps most of all—on rings. The first diamond a young fellow is apt to buy is for his fiancee's engagement ring. If she's good to him, later in life when he may be worth more, he may buy the same girl a bigger, better diamond for a ring, and other diamond jewelry. If she and the fates of health and wealth are still good to him 60 years after the wedding, fellow who knows what to look for can he may get her a rock for their diamond read an ordinary small diamond's worth wedding anniversary that was beyond almost as easily as you can read the num- cither's dreams when they were young- bers on a $ 1 00 bill. The trick, of course, sters. is to know what to look for.

In no other field of buying is the aver- Experts agree that the intrinsic value age purchaser so dependent on the knowl- of any gem and its setting depends on edge and integrity of the seller. At the four varying factors: (1) beauty or Pear Marquise (Boat) same time, in no other field is a little un- splendor; (2) durability or hardness; THE MORE FAMILIAR DIAMOND CUTS derstanding of values and nomenclature, (3) rarity; and (4) fashion. The dia- even of a general nature, likely to be mond owes its importance, in part—but more rewarding. If you will mix some only in part—to the fact that it meets a measure of gold in alloys (24-karat is common sense with your sentiment, the these requirements more fully than any pure gold). There are 142 carats in chances are that you can find a diamond other precious stone. an ounce of diamond and 2,268 carats appropriate both to your means and the As nature provides more small stones in a pound. In the metric system, a carat special charms of your lady and also one than large ones, rarity in diamonds is is 200 milligrams or one-fifth of a gram. that will yield, not a profit, but a sub- partly a matter of weight. Other things The weight of diamonds of less than

stantial part of its cost, if she should ever being equal, it is much better to own a one carat is frequently expressed in

1 points. have to pawn or sell it. single sizable stone than the equivalent "points," with a carat equal to 00 On New York's 47th Street between weight in a number of smaller, more The average engagement diamond sold 5th Avenue and Avenue of the Americas common stones, though the latter may in the United States these days is a stone

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 BLACK STAR

: " . . . • •;^K'V--< 7 1

Appropriate for any anniversary, anniversary ring is worn on right \ hand. N. Y. jeweler Arthur Sogno, right, helps select one.

of 45 points, slightly less than half a low. A stone that has the slightest touch FANCIER CUTS OF DIAMONDS carat. It is likely to cost you anywhere of these hues is of less value. With the from $150 to $550 with the 10% excise exception of canary yellows and definite- tax extra. ly brown stones (called fancy browns) n Whether a diamond of this size is the darker the tinge the less the value. Tapered Square Calf's Baguette priced at the high or the low end of this Diamonds also occur in certain other Baguette Head range depends on its color, clarity and rare colors, including shades of pink, cutting. The seriousness of imperfec- deep blue, red and violet. There are also tions, if any, are likely to have the most black and green diamonds, and the last

effect on the value of a diamond but, if color can be achieved by bombarding an Triangle Shield Arrow Baguette Long not too apparent, they may be less im- ordinary diamond with radiation in a Hexagon portant than its color. Imperfections can cyclotron. The Federal Trade Commis- be too tiny for the eye but the color is sion requires that stones so treated be nearly always visible. thus identified when sold. These colors, 9 V Color refers to the very slight varia- however, need not concern the ordinary tions in tint from the ideal of an abso- buyer. Lozenge Key Stdne Kite Half Moon diamond lutely colorless or white stone, or the blue The clarity of a fine diamond may be tint that even the best diamonds may re- described by the terms perfect or flaw- veal to a minute degree. Color is desira- less. These terms properly mean stones ble in rubies, emeralds and many other that are free from flaws, cracks, nicks, stones, but not in diamonds. The varia- scratches, spots, blemishes, or cloudy Heart Briolette Old Mine Rose tions are usually tinges of brown or yel- {Continued on page 42) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 21 WASHINGTON PRO & CON OPPOSING VIEWS ON THE VIETNAM STRUGGLE BY

SHOULD U. S. TROOPS BE YES

Sen. Ernest Gruening nam strong to prevent the fall of Cambodia and Laos (D-Alaska) to Red China "like a row of dominos." We poured aid money into each domino, including into The war in South Vietnam is $300 million not and never has been a Cambodia, yet it recently neutralized itself and fell of U. S. war. It is and must remain its own accord, thereby voiding the Dulles progression a fight to be fought and won by theory advanced during the Eisenhower Administra- the people of South Vietnam tion. themselves. I consider the life of one American worth more than Will to fight and will to win this putrid mess. Let us do a little hard rethinking. must come from the spirit of the Must the United States be expected to jump into every South Vietnamese. The United States cannot instill fracas all over the world, to go it all alone, at the cost that will in them. For the past 14 years, U. S. military of our youngsters' lives, to stay blindly and stubbornly and economic aid to South Vietnam has totaled nearly when a decade of bitter experience has shown us that $3 billion, but despite statements of leaders of both expenditure of blood and treasure has resulted in political parties, Vietnam continues to be rocked by failure? internal strife which drains the nation of its resources. The time has come to reverse our policy of under- The root of the present dilemma in which the United taking to defend areas such as South Vietnam, whose States finds itself in South Vietnam lies in the after- people are so reluctant to fend for themselves. Let us keep on, all means, supplying with arms. Let math of France's defeat at Dienbienphu on May 7, by them 1954. Today—ten years later—the U. S. position re- us continue to give them the means if they wish to sembles that of France although we haven't used a use them. But not our men. We must reassess the Dulles doctrine of seeking to quarter of a million troops . . . yet. Those who compare South Vietnam today with engage communism on its own ground—12,000 miles South Korea of the 1950's make a great mistake. South away. Korea had the will to fight and to win. South Korea The situation in South Vietnam and elsewhere in was a country invaded from the North—South Viet- Southeast Asia cries out for international solution. nam is a country divided within itself by a c.vil war. The problem will not be resolved in battle but around More important—in Vietnam we are alone; in Korea a conference table. The United Nations is such a con- we were in there as part of the United Nations effort. ference table. Where are our allies in South Vietnam? Over 200 Americans have been killed in South Vietnam, as we fight alone. Prospects are that we will continue to do so. The theory was advanced by the late John Foster Dulles that the United States must keep South Viet-

If you wish to let your Congressman or one of your Senators know how you feel

on this big issue, fill out the "ballot" on the facing page and mail it to him.

22 TH E AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 SEN. ERNEST GRUENING, ALASKA AND SEN. LEVERETT SALTONSTALL, MASS.

WITHDRAWN FROM VIETNAM ? NO

Sen. Leverett Saltonstall ency—now undergoing its acid test in the rice paddies (R. Mass.) of the Mekong River Delta. If this defensive concept fails in its purpose to overcome the creeping aggres- THE WITHDRAWAL of U. S. troops from South Vietnam sions of communist guerrilla warfare, the United States would assure the communists of will have to admit to a military defeat in being incap- victory there and result in a able of devising effective military tactics to cope with in drastic defeat for the United that type of warfare. As a consequence, an increase guerrilla can surely be anticipated not only in States—morally, politically and wars psychologically. Southeast Asia but throughout the world as commu- military hindrance or re- The issues at stake in South nism expands without U. S. Vietnam reach far beyond our minimum objective of sistance. the preserving the non-communist social order of that Politically, a defeat in South Vietnam will be catalyst for the nations of the Orient to align them- country. The war in Vietnam is a struggle for the sur- as result vival of U. S. leadership in the fight against communist selves with Communist China which would, a expansion, not only in Southeast Asia but throughout of U. S. disengagement, become the dominating influ- the world. Those who propose U. S. withdrawal, a ence of all of Asia. Should South Vietnam fall, it is negotiated settlement, or the neutralization of South more than likely that communism would eventually Vietnam as alternative solutions for terminating the triumph in Southeast Asia through subversion, blood- conflict there, have failed to grasp this underlying less coups or guerrilla wars. of South is appealing significance of the war and the importance of its out- The neutralization Vietnam it Similarly, come upon the U. S. world position. in principle but has thus far failed in Laos. a settlement under United Nations auspices is attrac- While it may be debatable whether we were prudent is that the in doing so, nevertheless, the unalterable fact remains tive in principle, but there no assurance that the prestige of the United States has been fully communists would not undermine and subvert United in committed to the prevention of a communist takeover Nations efforts in South Vietnam as they did the of South Vietnam. If the United States should fail to Congo. honor that commitment by disengaging from South The United States, whether rightly or wrongly, is so militarily politically, its Vietnam, our default would disastrously affect world involved morally, and and opinion and would surely be construed by the nations prestige so fully committed in South Vietnam that it of the world as evidence of our weakness and vacilla- cannot countenance a defeat there. Consequently, with- tion in coming to grips with communism. under present conditions U. S. troops cannot be if serious international reper- Moreover, from the military standpoint, the U. S. drawn we are to avoid formula for advising and assisting the South Viet- cussions. namese to resist communist-inspired wars of national liberation rests in the new concept of counter-insurg-

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

I have read in The American Legion Magazine IN MY OPINION THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

for August the arguments in PRO & CON: SHOULD SHOULD NOT WITHDRAW OUR TROOPS FROM VIETNAM.

Should U. S. Troops Be Withdrawn From SIGNED Vietnam? ADDRESS

TOWN STATE

!_. ._l

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 23 By GIL PAUST

There was a DAY in the not too distant past when those of us who enjoy shooting firearms had no difficulty finding open spaces where we

could bang away till the cows came literally. the for home— There was back- Shooting

yard with a woods or hill beyond it to provide a backstop, or, at least, someone else's backyard within walking distance that was just as suitable. Open fields, Even though the wide open spaces are shrinking, where we could improvise our rifle, handgun and clay pigeon ranges were everywhere and no one squawked about the noise. You didn't have to worry there are still ways of having fun with your guns. about stray bullets or scattershot; there was nothing in the line of fire but the target.

Lead powder puffs. At left is a Z-22 Long Rifle. Its bullet There's a lot of fun to be had in shooting with the little .22 shot

is propelled by the primer and it uses no powder. Center is cartridge, right, with its powder-size pellets. At left, for purpose the primer propelled BB Cap. Right is the CB (conical) Cap. of comparison, is a 20-gauge shell loaded with No. 8 pellets.

But what has happened? You've seen lost cause. The next nearest preserve is it, even if you live in the so-called coun- an additional 40 miles away. try. If you haven't felt the pinch yet, you It is an old story. The population ex- will. The fact is that our great outdoors plosion! One solution has been the devel- is shrinking. We're running out of shoot- opment of commercial shooting pre- ing room! For almost 30,000,000 of us serves, the commercial rifle and hand- who don't want to be squeezed out of gun ranges, skeet and trap fields—on our sport, this has become a national acreage sufficiently remote to be immune

problem. to population pressures. Maybe it has In the little New York City suburb cost a full day and a long drive to visit

where I grew up, and which has now one, but it has been worth it, and there blossomed into a city too, my rifle range has been no alternative. Today at least, This Crosman gun, accurate was in the front yard. It extended from we still have places to shoot, but how at short range, uses CO2. the front porch across a dirt road to an long will these remain? The population earthen bank about 50 yards away. To- is still exploding, pushing them farther shooters—civilians as well as policemen. day, that earthen bank has sprouted a away and it won't be long before all pre- Formerly an honest citizen was welcome

modern 12-story apartment house and serves are beyond the reach of most of to shoot at a police range, but that is the road is macadam with a stoplight at us. seldom true today. There's simply no the corner to handle the heavy car traffic. Although handgun shooters can use room for more shooters. New York City

To fire my rifles, I have to lug them to a indoor ranges, they too have a problem. has 1 1 indoor ranges and one outdoor private club range outside the county, Their ranges were adequate when shoot- range for its police force, which has more than an hour's drive away. ers were few in number. Now they're so swelled to 26,000 members. That's about

For years I shot wild pheasants and crowded in the cities that in most in- one range for every 2,166 men! rabbits in the woodland beyond that stances they are restricted to use by a The situation looks black, but there

earthen bank that I mentioned previous- picked club membership, usually a num- are some ingenious solutions that will ly. Then when my outdoors began to ber of clubs taking turns using the same keep us shooting without sacrificing our shrink, I was forced to do my shooting range. Start a new range? Today hand- sport to any extreme degree. We can't on a private preserve about 80 miles guns are looked upon with disfavor in push back the population to get more north of New York. Originally this pre- almost every state; just try to get the shooting room, but we can adapt to the serve covered 500 acres, but gradually consent of the city fathers! Even our city situation.

houses began to grow around its perime- law officers, for whom shooting practice For example, it's possible to shoot clay ter, and it too began to shrink. Recently is essential, are feeling the squeeze. pigeons in a nearby field, or even in your the residents procured an injunction When their ranges were established, po- own backyard if the neighbors aren't

against the preserve to put it out of busi- lice forces were small. Now they are right on top of you—and do so using

ness. The owner is fighting it, but it's a called on to accommodate thousands of your own large-gauge shotgun too. Or,

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • A UGUST 1964 of ten targets each; the Expert with a gold medal needs seven or more hits in each of five sets of ten targets each. The trap must be adjusted to throw the birds approximately 50 feet and must be inclined upward at an angle of 30°. Indi- viduals who report scores to apply for Stay-at-Homes awards must use a special form supplied by the NRA. The secret, of course, is the .22 shotgun shell, which contains approximately 130 pellets of No. 12 shot. Although these tiny pellets are only slightly larger than powder, they have sufficient wallop to stop rats, sparrows, bats and other pests, and they'll break small clay pigeon targets at ranges up to 30 yards. Beyond that range they'll bounce off your jacket like sand. The little .22 shot shell can be fired from any .22 rifle, but results are infi-

nitely better when it is used in a rifle

specifically designed for it. In a regular rifle, the rifling spreads the shot too wide and the resulting shot patterns are too sparse to be effective. You can improvise a .22 shotgun by drilling out an old

.22 rifle to give it a smooth bore, but this leaves much to be desired. It seems that the compressed lightweight shot scrape the long bore and lose much of their velocity due to friction. The special .22 shotgun, such as Remington's Model 572SB pump action, has a short .22 smooth bore about 20 inches long, and the remainder of the 25-inch barrel opens up to about .44 caliber and is choked at the muzzle like a conventional shotgun. The clay birds used for .22 shooting are 23A inches in diameter, as against AVa inches for a conventional clay pigeon. Scaled down traps, both spring- (Continued on page 52)

Want to fire your hunting rifle in your living

room ? Illustrations at right show how to do it. if you can set up an indoor range in your 11 cellar or even in your living room, and, if you'd like to, use your magnum revolver or your hunting rifle, without blowing a hole through your house and that of your next door neighbor. Let's consider the first of these, the scaled-down trap course. This sort of

shooting is so well-established that the 1. Place the empty cartridge on National Rifle Association has- recog- the base and gently tap out

nized it, not only for shooting in com- the fired primer. pressed areas but also for training young- 2. Bullets are cut from the wax sters to shoot. It has established a .22 block, like cookies. Shotgun Qualification Course, complete iiiii§l with awards of brassards and medals. 3. A primer is seated with the tool. No powder is used so An NRA Marksman title with a bronze range is limited. medal requires two or more hits in each of five sets of five targets each; the Sharpshooter with a silver medal must have five or more hits in each of five sets

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 25 Readers may find this scries of value on future motor trips or of interest to stu- SEEING HISTORIC AMERICA #2 dents of American history. We suggest you clip and save each one as it appears. A travel series for motorists

By ALDEN STEVENS Field Director, Mobil Travel Guide

King's Mountain, S.C., is the site of one of the truly decisive battles of the American Revolution. There, a handful of Southern mountain men w recked the threat of British Gen. Lord Cornwallis to destroy Washington's northern army by attacking it from the south, in a crucial action on the afternoon of Oct. 7. 1780. Today's King's Mountain National Military Park is near the North Carolina border, about 28 miles west by south of Charlotte. N.C., and just off the present Interstate Highway 85, some 18 miles east of Gaffney, S.C. In 1780 the British were winning. Cornwallis had just taken Charlotte, The towering blue-green mass of the Great Smokies King's Mountain of the western Carolinas and eastern Tennessee. Battle Monument. KING'S MOUNTAIN, KINGS MOUNTAIN Y( SOUTH CAROLINA

N.C. He had wide support of Tory along the coastal waters, where Wash- north of King's Mountain is spectacular colonists of the southern coastal lands. ington and the French Navy trapped him Great Smoky Mountains National Park.

Except for his mountain flanks, he was on the Virginia capes to end the Revolu- Just south of this is the Eastern Cherokee free to sweep north into Virginia on a tion in victory the following October. Indian Reservation with a museum, broad front. King's Mountain National Military council house, replica of a 200-year-old All of that changed when, to secure Park has a museum with an electric map Indian village and a display of remark- the foothills on the left, Major Patrick showing troop movements before and able arts and crafts. Ferguson, with about 1,100 men (all An outdoor historical drama, Unto Tories), was sent to subdue the hunting, These Hills, recreating the history of the fishing, frontier mountain men. Cherokee Nation, is presented nightly They didn't like the intrusion. For except Monday at 8 p.m. from late June weeks men from Tennessee, the Caro- to early September. linas and Virginia joined forces in the The towering blue-green Smokies of hills under Col. John Sevier and Col. the western Carolinas and eastern Isaac Shelby. When Ferguson camped Tennessee—mightiest range east of the on a seemingly invulnerable ridge of Mississippi—are the land of the civilized King's Mountain, they sent 900 mounted Indian tribes; of the onetime Republic men through the chill rain to the attack. of Franklin; of Thomas Wolfe's novels They fought mountain style, charging (Look Homeward, Angel, etc.); as they uphill, taking advantage of cover, keep- are also the land of the mountain men ing a continuous fire by shooting and during the battle; and one of the now who wrecked the British at King's reloading by turns. Ferguson's men, very rare Ferguson rifles is on display. Mountain. from their superior position, made bayo- A self-guiding trail leads past important 1964 Motel and Restaurant informa- net charges down the slope, then had to points, monuments and signs which ex- tion near King's Mountain: struggle back up for the next charge. plain the engagement. Good, Relatively Inexpensive: La-Del Motel, 1% mi. N of Gaffney, S. C. on The battle started at 3 p.m. and was Interstate 85; 25 air-cond. rms., phone soon over. Ferguson was shot from his What's Nearby (803) 489-2741. Very Good: Shamrock Motel, 2 mi. N of Gaffney on Interstate Just east of the battlefield is King's horse, and his men immediately sur- 85, 30 air-cond. rms., cafe, (803) 489-5712. rendered. The pioneers had killed, Mountain State Park with picnicking Excellent: Holiday Inn, 718 W. Frank- lin Ave., on US 29. Gastonia, N. C, 20 or captured the entire and swimming in season. Lake Catawba, wounded enemv mi. E of King's Mt. Nat'l Mil. Pk. via force, while losing 28 killed and 62 with fishing, swimming and water-skiing, Interstate 85, 100 air-cond. rms., swimming pool, cafe. (704) 865-3421. wounded themselves. The small but deci- is about 30 miles east. Cowpens National (See also Mobil Travel Guide to the sive action was disastrous to Cornwallis. Battlefield Site is about 20 miles west Middle Atlantic States under Spartan- burg, S. Charlotte, N. and, in the His American supporters left him in on South Carolina Highway 11. C; C; Smokies, see Asheville, N. C; Gatlin- droves, and he was forced to move north About 130 miles west and slightly burg, Tenn.; and nearby places.) 26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE AUGUST 1964 A DIGEST OF EVENTS WHICH VETERANS NEWSLETTER ARE OF PERSONAL INTEREST TO YOU AUGUST 1964 EDUCATION BILL FOR CHILDREN SCHOOL PRAYER AMENDMENT OF SEVERELY WAR-DISABLED REMAINS IN COMMITTEE: VETS PASSES CONGRESS: House Joint Resolution 693, sponsored by Rep. Frank J. Becker of N.Y. and sup- On June 23rd the Senate took the final ported by The American Legion, was still action needed in Congress to pass HR221, in the House Judiciary Committee as these which would give educational assistance words go to press . . . It is a proposed to children of veterans, where the veter- amendment to the U.S. Constitution to an-parent is rated totally and permanent- permit voluntary religious observances in ly disabled as result of war service public schools . . . When Rep. Becker . . . At "Newsletter's" presstime the gathered signatures on a discharge peti- bill awaited the President's signature tion to force it out of committee, the . . . The educational aid is of the gen- Judiciary Committee promptly held hear- eral type originally provided for GI's ings on the bill, but did not report it themselves under the WW2 and Korea GI out. Bills ... It was later extended to chil- The bill would not override Court de- dren of veterans who had died as a re- cisions barring involuntary religious ex- sult of war service . .. . The American ercises in the schools, but would end any Legion supported the new bill, which question about voluntary prayer and first passed the House last August, Bible-reading exercises in schools . . . backed by the House Veterans Affairs Many school systems and some lower courts Committee . . . Texas Sen. Ralph Yar- have interpreted the Supreme Court deci- borough, who authored the Senate version sions to mean that any form of religious of the bill, estimates that 2,000 young- exercise in schools, even when desired by sters will use the bill's aid the first students and their parents, is illegal year, and that, by 1968, from four to . . . HJR693 would make clear the dis- five thousand will benefit a year . . . tinction between prescribed and permitted "A veteran totally disabled from doing school religious activities, and embody any work is in no better financial con- it in the Constitution. dition as far as educating his children than if he had lost his life," said Yar- FEDERAL PAY INCREASE BILL borough . . . When signed the Presi- by PASSES HOUSE: IT UPHOLDS dent, the benefits will be administered VETERANS ADMINISTRATION RANK: by the Veterans Administration. \. The Federal pay-increase act (HR11049) ROTC EXPANSION which passed the House on June 11, con- BILL PASSES HOUSE: tained, in the House version, a Level II pay rank for the Administrator of Vet-

erans Affairs . . . The American Legion, The House, on June 23, passed the ROTC acting on reports that the Budget Bureau expansion bill, HR9124, which would aug- had sought to reduce the VA top job to ment both the junior and senior ROTC pro- Level III, had gone on record in support grams in schools and colleges . . . The of Level II — interpreting the proposal to American Legion strongly supports the reduce the Administrator's pay grade as a bill, as the Armed Forces depend heavily move to diminish the stature of the on ROTC as a source of officer material, agency he heads. making it one of the keystones of our national security establishment . . . VETERANS Q. & A.: Passage by the House was a pleasant surprise, since the perennial opponents of I served in both WW2 and Korea. GI ROTC had made a significant and success- loan deadlines are different for the two ful-sounding noise against it . . . The wars. Must I use the Korea deadline be- bill then went to the Senate. cause it was my last period of service?

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . AUGUST 1964 27 . —

A. If your WW2 service entitles you to a Q. There was a piece in the press not later deadline, you may use that. This long ago that a "White House source" said can happen, as your deadline is related that VA hospitals were to be reduced for to your length of service. economy. If true, this would be an out- rage. Do you have any better information I've been told that The American Le- than this vague press statement? gion Department of Italy has established A. On June 30, President Lyndon B. John-

a new all-time membership record every son wrote Legion Nat ' 1 Commander Daniel year for more than ten years. Is this F. Foley to say that: "No net reduction true, and has any other Department in the number of hospital beds is planned matched this record? or contemplated. The 125,000-bed ceiling, A. Italy has set an all-time record every which you support, remains unchanged." year for twelve years, from 2,604 in 1952 However, we understand that the Adminis- (then a record) to 3,823 at the end of tration plans to create 2,000 badly 1963. Our check of other Departments needed VA nursing care beds out of the doesn't reveal a string that long. VA 125, 000-hospital-bed ceiling. The Le- gion and the House Veterans Affairs Com- I was told that the Circle Line boats, mittee are on record for nursing care that take New York City visitors sight- beds over and above that. seeing around Manhattan Island on the Hudson, East and Harlem rivers, include Q. A Congressman was quoted in a recent quite a few WW2 small combat vessels. Is newspaper to the effect that an Army sup- that true? port services officer had told him that A^_ The Circle Line, whose craft are fa- all the National Cemeteries would be miliar to thousands of New York visitors, closed out to veterans' burial within 10 numbers its ships with Roman numerals. years, because the Defense Department had "Circle Line VII" was the old LCI (L) found in 1961 that most of the veterans 191. She saw extensive action in the Med- buried in National Cemeteries came from iterranean— Tunis, Sicily, Bizerte, An- communities near the cemeteries. True? zio, Elba, etc. She had six skippers in A. We are having this tracked down, and WW2, with most of her war duty under Ens. it will probably take some time to learn William 1. Dom III, Lt. F. W. Ahearn and everything that is behind it. About that Lt. John C. Johnson. reason given, the Legion has been asking "Circle Line VIII" was the old LCI (L) for years for new National Cemeteries to 179. She had an extensive war career in be opened in areas where none are close Bermuda and European waters, all of it at hand. It borders on the ridiculous on loan to Britain. if true — to say that the cemeteries "Circle Line X" was the LCI {L)_ 759^ should be closed because they are chiefly Her Pacific duty in WW2 took her all the used by the veterans close by. Time to way to Shanghai. She landed troops under close all the stores, schools, libraries, heavy fire at Ormoc Bay on Leyte. She had churches, streets, hospitals, sewers, four skippers in all, saw most of her war playgrounds and private cemeteries too, duty under Lt. (jg) William G. Blackman. if that's the kind of thinking that's go- "Circle Line XI's" identification isn't ing to run this country. They too are known here. Pre-war she escorted the chiefly used by the people close by. Presidential Yacht. She did convoy and rescue duty in the Atlantic and with the LEGION OBJECTS TO HIRING OF Norfolk Air Sea Rescue contingent in WW2. PANAMANIAN POLICE IN CANAL ZONE: "Circle Line XII' s" identification is also not recorded. In WW2 she convoyed The American Legion has opposed the em- between New York and Key West, once res- ployment of Panamanians to act as police

cued 25 men in a naval collision at sea, in the Panama Canal Zone . . . the then worked with the Coast Guard on Air protest came as a result of testimony of Sea Rescue out of Rockland, Me. the Zone Governor to the Subcommittee on "Circle Line V" was a private yacht that Public Works of the Senate Appropriations had war service. She once belonged to Committee, in which he proposed to employ

J. Rogers Maxwell, under the name Sachem. some Panama citizens as Zone police . . . The Maritime Administration secured her The Legion protested by letter to Sub- in WW2, used her for anti-submarine committee Chairman Senator Allen J.

training and on patrol duty. Ellender (La. )

28 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 OF THE AMERICAN LEGION NEWS AND VETERANS AFFAIRS AUGUST 1964

Dallas Primed for Legion Alaskan Relief Fund As we closed this issue, The American Legion and Auxiliary Nat'l Conclave Sept. 18-24 Alaskan Relief Fund to provide basic necessities for Alaskan earth- Convention schedules set; Pres. Johnson and GOP No- quake victims had crossed the $115,500 mark with the Dept. of minee invited; Stan Musial speaks at Cmdr's Dinner New York leading all other departments, having donated $29,362.47.

The cosmopolitan Southwestern city Dr. Mayo is a member of the William To donate, make checks payable of Dallas, Texas, is the site of the 46th T. McCoy Post 92 in the Dept of Min- to "American Legion Alaskan Re- Annual National Convention of The nesota, having served in the U. S. Army lief" and address it: American Le-

American Legion and its Auxiliary, Sept. Medical Corps during WW2. He has also gion of (your state) , c/o The Amer- 18-24, 1964. rendered valuable assistance through the ican Legion Magazine, 720 5th The 1964 National Convention Cor- years with his service on the Nat'l Rehab Ave., New York, N.Y. 10019. poration of Texas, under the leadership Commission's medical advisory boards. of Past Nat'l Cmdr Alvin M. Owsley, Invited thus far to the Nat'l Conven- Legion's Nat'l Security Commis- has guaranteed that this convention will tion and having accepted are: Veterans The its pre-convention meet- be the greatest ever. Administrator and Past Nat'l Cmdr John sion, as part of ings, had plans to visit the U. S. Army This is only the second time Texas S. Gleason; General John P. McConnell, Missile Center, Fort Bliss, Texas, has had the National Legion Convention. Vice Chief of Staff, U. S. Air Force; and Guided and the Missile Range, White Sands, The other was the I Oth National Con- Stan Musial, former baseball star and vention held in October, 1928, at San now vice president of the St. Louis Car- N. M. Nat'l Security Antonio. dinals, who will be the guest speaker at Members of the Com- the Headquarters of The American Le- the National Commander's Dinner to mission will be briefed at Guided Sept. gion will be at the Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. Distinguished Guests at the Sheraton- Missile Center on Wednesday, 16, The Statler Hilton Hotel will be the head- Dallas Hotel on Tuesday evening, Sept. and will observe firings of Nike-Her- missiles. quarters hotel for the Auxiliary. 22. cules, Hawk and Nike-Ajax they will be briefed at For this largest of all national conven- Also invited was the Republican presi- On Sept. 17, tions, Dallas, 14th largest city in the dential candidate, who was unknown at the White Sands Missile Test Site and and firings of nation (pop. 713,700), has gone all out press time, and George Meany, Presi- witness demonstrations return in the elfort to make this a great and dent, AFL-CIO. other Army missiles. They will memorable reunion. The roster of The Each year The Legion brings to the to Dallas that evening. American Legion National Convention National Convention the current youth The commission will conduct business 18 hear General Corporation of Texas reads like a Who's winners representing its Americanism meetings Sept. and Selective Who of Dallas. program. Presented to the convention Lewis B. Hershey, Director of Cantwell of President of the Convention Corpora- are: the National Oratorical Contest Service, and General James Assn., departing that tion is Past Nat'l Cmdr Alvin M. Ows- Winner, the Boys' Nation President, the the National Guard for to visit the Under- ley (1922-23), and Chairman is Ben H. top Eagle Scout, The American Legion afternoon Denton Center. Wooten, board chairman of the Dallas Baseball Player of the Year, and a youth ground Civil Defense Control Federal Savings and Loan Assn. Hon- representative of The Sons of The Amer- On Sat., Sept. 19, they will have a orary directors are: Texas Governor ican Legion. briefing session at Carswell Air Force John Connally, Lt. Gov. Preston Smith, Texas Atty-General Waggoner Carr, Gen. Thomas S. Bishop, Adjutant Gen- eral, and Col. Homer Garrison, Jr., Texas Dept. of Public Safety. A native son of Texas, President Lyn- don B. Johnson, has been invited to speak to the National Convention session on Tuesday, Sept. 22. It won't be known until just before convention time whether the press of public events will allow the President to appear. One noted American has already ad- vised the Legion he would be on hand. Dr. Charles W. Mayo, of the famed Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn., will be presented with the American Legion's highest award, the Distinguished Service Medal. The award was approved at the spring meeting of the NEC. Dallas skyline with the Dallas Memorial Auditorium (round building) front and center. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 29 NEWS

Base. lex., with talks by Frank Davis, President of General Dynamics, and Rear Adm. Ralph K. James. While at Carsvvell AFB, the group will receive a briefing on the TFX plane and view dis- plays of military aircraft. Tickets to the National Commander's Dinner to Distinguished Guests, at the Sheraton-Dallas Hotel on Sept. 22 will be available on a first-come first-served basis. They may be ordered now from American Legion Convention Director Rm. 2062, Adolphus Hotel, Dallas, Texas. 75202, with payment, at $12.50 per person, payable to "National Com- mander's Dinner."

The Convention Corporation is again making it mandatory that all persons who obtain housing in Dallas pay the established registration fee of $3.00 per person which applies to all Legionnaires, their wives, and adult guests. The registration fee for musical units is $1.00 per person for actual partici- pants when registering as a group, but a $3.00 fee applies to wives and adult guests who accompany the unit. The Drum & Bugle Corps Contest, which in the past has been made up of the top ten qualifying Senior Corps, will this year involve the five top Senior Corps and the five top Junior Corps in a combined final contest at P. C. Cobb Stadium on Sunday evening, Sept. 20, starting at 7:30 p.m. This will not be a competition between Downtown Dallas with the parade route, points of general interest, and major hotels. Juniors versus Seniors, but each group will compete against its own equal for iliary unit to which the winners belong be turned over to any winner present. the top prize in the respective divisions. will receive cash awards of $250.00 each, All you need to do is fill out one of It is expected that the new improved for- also donated by the Seagram Posts. Prior the coupons provided by the Seagram mat will draw a great deal of interest. to this convention, the Seagram Posts Posts. The July issue of The American P. C. Cobb Stadium has a seating ca- have donated 68 cars having a total value Legion Magazine carried a coupon on pacity of approximately 22,000. Re- of approximately $175,000. page 29. This issue carries a coupon on served seat tickets for the Sunday eve- It is not necessary to be present to the opposite page. You will also find ning show, including the Parade of win one of the Ford Galaxies, although coupons at department conventions and Champions, are priced at $2.50 for the keys to the cars will be available and will in Dallas when you arrive. concert side of the stadium, and $1.50 For football fans, the Washington for the opposite side. An entertainment Redskins and the Dallas Cowboys will coupon in the Legion's official conven- play at the Cotton Bowl on Sunday after- mm tion packet will be worth 50 cents, ap- noon, Sept. 20. A nationally recognized plicable to either price seat. The coupon American Legion Drum & Bugle Corps refund will be made at a later date to will appear at half-time. all who purchase reserved seat tickets In line with a resolution adopted at a — meeting of the National Convention in advance. Checks should be made payable to: American Legion National Commission on March 12, 1960, there Convention Corporation of Texas. will be no participation in the American Another highlight of the National Legion parade in Dallas of vehicles, Drum & Bugle Corps final competition equipment, or items of wearing apparel will be the drawing for the four Ford of the 40 & 8. automobiles to be awarded by the three The big parade will start at 10:00 Seagram Posts of The American Legion. a.m., Monday, Sept. 21, from Main and This will be the 18th Annual Drawing Houston streets, go east on Main street sponsored by the three posts (No. 807 past the reviewing stand at the southeast of Chicago, No. 1283 of Woodside, corner of Main and St. Paul, and disband N.Y.. and No. 658 of Los Angeles) and at Pearl and Central Expressway. The the car can be won by any member of route is about one mile long. Legion or Auxiliary. Posts and departments wishing to have In addition, the Legion post or Aux- The Sheraton-Dallas, National Hq. Hotel. their parade floats built in Dallas for par-

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • A UGUST 1964 NEWS ticipation in the 1964 National Conven- Airline service to Dallas from all • Foreign Relations: Executive Sec- tion Parade may avail themselves of the points includes: American Airlines, tion, Sept. 18-19, 9:30 a.m., London services of the official float builders ap- Braniff International, Delta, and Pioneer Rm., Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. pointed by the Float Committee of the Airlines. * Legislative: Executive Section, Sept. National Convention Corporation of Among the railroads serving Dallas 18-19, 9:30 a.m., Alamo Rm., Sheraton- Texas. The company, the National Dec- are: the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific, Dallas Hotel. orators of San Antonio, Texas, will set the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe, the • Rehabilitation: Executive Section, up its construction shop in Dallas about Southern Pacific, the Missouri-Kansas- Sept. 18-19, 9:30 a.m., Texas Rm., Sept. 1 . For information, write to The Texas, and the Fort Worth & Denver Baker Hotel. 1964 National Convention Corp. of City. * Publications: Executive Section, Texas, Adolphus Hotel, Dallas, Texas. Sept. 18-19, 9:30 a.m., Pecos Rm., Sher- Since WW2, when Texas was a major COMMISSIONS & COMMITTEES aton-Dallas Hotel. air command training area, the state has Here is a detailed schedule of the sites, • Public Relations: Executive Section, had large Air Force training and other dates and times of the various commis- Sept. 18-19, 9:30 a.m., South Ballroom, military facilities. very large A contin- sions and committees of The American Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. gent of military units is expected to take Legion at the 46th National Convention * Membership & Post Activities Com- part in the convention parade. at Dallas, Texas. mittee: Executive Section, Sept. 18-19, Here are the dates and times of the 9:30 a.m., Vaquero Rm., Sheraton-Dal- following reunions and dinners: Standing commissions and committees las Hotel. Chaplain's Breakfast: Monday, Sept. • Economic: Executive Section, Sept. Rehabilitation Screening Committee: 21, 7:30 a.m., at the Sheraton-Dallas. 18-19, 9:30 a.m., Parlor A, 6th fl., Sept. 17-19, 9:30 a.m., Rm. 5, Mezz., Adolphus Hotel. Society of American Legion Found- Baker Hotel. ers: Saturday, Sept. 19, at the Adolphus. • Americanism: Executive Section, * Contests Supervisory Committee: All National Sept. 18-19, 9:30 a.m., Austin Rm., Historian's Breakfast: Mon- in the Adolphus Hotel. Sept. 16-17, day, Sept. 27, at the Adolphus. Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. 10:00 a.m., Parlor D, 6th fl. Sept. 18, • Americanism Eight & Forty Marche Nationale Ban- Sub-Committees: Sept. 9:00 a.m., French Rm. Sept. 21, 10:00 18-21, 9:30 a.m., O'Henry Shera- quet: Saturday, Sept. 26, 7:30 p.m., at Rm, a.m., French Rm. Sept. 22, 10:00 a.m., ton-Dallas Hotel. the Statler Hilton. Parlor A, 6th fl. • Constitution By-Laws Twenty & Four Banquet: Saturday, & Committee: • Convention: Sept. 18-24 9:30 a.m., Sept. 18-19, Sept. 19, at the Adolphus. 9:30 a.m.. Pioneer Rm., Trinity Rm., Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. The American Legion Press Assn.. • Distinguished Guests Committee: • Emblem Committee: Executive (ALPA) meets Saturday and Sunday, Sec- Executive Section, Sept. 18-24 inclusive, tion, Sept. 17-18, 9:30 a.m., Tallyho Sept. 1 9 & 20 at the Baker Hotel. 9:30 a.m., Distinguished Guest Suite, Rm., Visitors attending the 1964 conven- Baker Hotel. Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. • tion will find the proximity to Mexico af- National Security: Executive Sec- Resolutions Assignment Committee" tion, Sept. 18-19. 9:30 a.m., fording them a rare opportunity to visit Roof Gar- Executive Section, Sept. 18-20, 9:30 den, 15th fl., Adolphus Hotel. that country for slightly more than what a.m., Nat'l Hq Office, South Exhibit it cost them to get to Texas. • Child Welfare: Executive Section, Hall., Dallas Memorial Auditorium. An official Post-Convention Tour to Sept. 18-19, 9:30 a.m., Travis Rm., * Group Insurance Committee: Execu- Mexico via American Airlines has been Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. tive Section, Sept. 18-19, 9:30 a.m., arranged departing Dallas Sept. 25 for • Internal Affairs: Executive Section, Prairie Rm., Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. three days. For information, write: Tour Sept. 18-19, 9:30 a.m., Houston Rm., National Executive Committee: Committee, American Legion Conven- Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. Sept. 20, 2:00 p.m., Ballroom Foyer, tion Headquarters, Adolphus Hotel, Dal- • Finance: Sept. 18-24, 9:30 a.m., Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. las, Texas, 75202. Nat'lAdjt's Suite, Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. (Continued on page 32)

The Seagram Posts Legion or Auxiliary Membership I American Legion, P.O. Box 10904 Card No I

Dallas, Texas 75207

Gentlemen: As a member of Post, American Legion, or a member of Unit, i

American Legion Auxiliary, located in ! 3 ' [State) | ICny] Please enter my name in the free drawings for the four Ford convertibles donated by the Seagram Posts to i

the American Legion Convention Corporation of Texas. Drawing to be held on September 20, 1964 in Dallas. |

! Name^ , (Please Print)

Address |

I Signature

Clip and mail for your free chance on a new Ford in the Seagrams Post Drawing to be held at the Nat'l Convention in Dallas.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 31 This unusual photo shows the Far East Military and Diplo- Hong Kong clans in honor of the 76 visiting American Legion- matic Briefing Tour group at a Chinese dinner given by several naires and National Executive Committeeman Soleng Tom

Convention Committees By posting a total membership of CONTESTS AND EVENTS • Americanism: Sept. 20-21, 10:00 6,866 or 99.32 per cent of their previous Here are the sites, dates and times of a.m., Austin Rm., Sheraton-Dallas. four-year average of 6,913 by May 1 competitions and other American Le- • Child Welfare: Sept. 20-21, 10:00 this year, Utah Legionnaires have earned gion-sponsored events which will take a.m., Travis Rm., Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. the "pole position." place at the 1964 National Convention • Constitutional Amendments: Sept. Here is the parade order for the 52 in Dallas. 20-21, 10:00 a.m.. Pioneer Rm., Shera- departments and their percentage of ton-Dallas Hotel. four-year average. However, by action Saturday, Sept. 19 • Credentials & Internal Affairs: Sept. of the Legion's NEC, the foreign depart- National Senior and Junior Band will in block of the 20-21, 10:00 a.m., Houston Rm., Mem- ments be a ahead Competition. Concerts starting at 1 p.m., bership: Sept. 20-21, 10:00 a.m., Va- continental departments. Texas, the host Samuells Park. quero Rm., Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. department, will march last. • Junior Color Guard competition, Economic: (Employment & Veterans 1:00 p.m., Samuells Park. Preference) Sept. 20-21, 10:00 a.m.. 1. Utah 99.32 • Color Guard Contest, 2 p.m., Sam- 2. Minnesota 98.99 Parlor A. 6th fl. (Other economic mat- 3. South Carolina 97.88 uells Park. 4. Ohio 97.19 ters) Sept. 20-21, 10:00 a.m.. Parlor Motorcycle Drill Team Contest, 2 G, 5. Hawaii 96.72 6th fl.. Adolphus Hotel. 6. Iowa 96.69 p.m., at the Dallas Memorial Audito- 7. Wisconsin 96.05 • rium Lot. Finance: Sept. 20-21, 10:00 a.m., 8. South Dakota 95.97 Parking 9. Florida 95.74 Brazos Rm., Sheraton-Dallas Hotel. 10. Indiana 95.32 • Foreign Relations: Sept. 20-21, 11. Oklahoma 95.22 Sunday, Sept. 20 12. Maryland 94.84 10:00 a.m., London Rm., Sheraton-Dal- 13. New Jersey 94.01 • Junior and Senior Drum and Bugle 14. Nebraska 93.82 las Hotel. 15. North Dakota 93.74 Corps preliminary competitions, 8:00 • Legislation & Rules: Sept. 20-21, 16. Michigan 93.21 a.m., at P. C. Cobb Stadium. 17. Idaho 92.58 10:00 a.m., Alamo Rm., Sheraton-Dallas. 18. Kansas 92.56 • Firing Squad competitions, 9:00 19. Connecticut 92.37 Rehabilitation: (Claims and Rating) 20. Alaska 92.32 a.m., Samuells Park. Sept. 20-21. 10:00 a.m., Texas Rm., 21. North Carolina 91.914 Chorus and Quartet competitions, 22. Louisiana 91.906 Baker Hotel. (Hospitals & Medical Serv- 23. Delaware 91.61 3:30 p.m., at the Dallas Memorial Audi- 24. Virginia 91.51

: torium Theater. ices) Sept. 20-21, 10:00 a.m., English 25. Alabama 91.30 Rm., Baker Hotel. 26. Rhode Island 91.23 • National Convention Patriotic and 27. Arkansas 90.87 National Security: (Military) Sept. 28. Illinois 90.84 Memorial Service, 5:00 p.m., at the Dal- 29. California 90.14 las Theater. 20-21, 10:00 a.m., Roof Garden. (Na- 30. Oregon 90.10 Memorial Auditorium val) Sept. 20-21. 10:00 a.m.. Danish 31. Vermont 89.52 • The Junior and Senior Drum and 32. Arizona 89.29 Rm. (Aeronautics & Space) Sept. 20-21, 33. Missouri 89.23 Bugle Corps National Championship 34. Pennsylvania 89.16

1 . the of Champions 10:00 a.m., Civic Rm. No. (Merchant 35. Maine 89.08 Finals and Parade Marine) Sept. 20-21. 10:00 a.m.. Civic 36. New York 88.99 starting at 7:30 p.m., at P. C. C^objb Sta- 37. Colorado 88.90 Rm. No. 2. (Civil Defense) Sept. 20-21, 38. New Hampshire 88.51 dium. Also the 18th Annual Drawing 39. Texas 88.40 a.m., all the four Ford automobiles to be 10:00 Civic Rm. No. 3, Adol- 40. New Mexico 87.84 for phus Hotel. 41. Montana 87.58 awarded by the Seagram Posts. 42. Washington 87.53 43. Massachusetts 87.44 44. West Virginia 84.812 Monday, Sept. 2^1. CONVENTION PARADE ORDER 45. Mississippi .-. 84.811 46. Tennessee 84.54 • Legion Na- The Utah American Legion is the 47. Puerto Rico 82.95 The Annual American lead-off department for the 46th Annual 48. Dist. of Columbia 82.78 tional Convention Parade commences in 49. Georgia 81.77 National Convention Parade on Mon- 50. Wyoming 80.38 downtown Dallas at 10:00 a.m., from 51. Kentucky 79.20 Main and Houston streets, east on Main day, Sept. 21. in Dallas. Texas. 52. Nevada 77.12 32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • A GUST 1964 NEWS

(Ariz.) and his family. Nearly 1,000 attended. Nat'l Cmdr Foley The Legionnaires paid their own way and most belonged to the is in the center of the picture and NECman Tom is next to him. Nat'l Security Commission or the Foreign Relations Comm'n. to Pearl St. and Central Expressway. • National Commander's Dinner to DALLAS CONVENTION OFFICES The Reviewing Stand will be on Main Distinguished Guests, Stan Musial, for- The American Legion Headquarters Street at St. Paul. mer baseball star and now vice president hotel: The Sheraton-Dallas. The opening business session of The of the St. Louis Cardinals, speaker; 7:30 • American Legion staff headquarters American Legion Auxiliary Convention p.m., Grand Ballroom, Sheraton-Dallas office: South Exhibit Hall, Theater Sec- at the Statler Hilton Hotel. Hotel. tion, Dallas Memorial Auditorium, open * The U.S. Brewer's Foundation Party Sept. 14, 8:00 a.m. to The American Legion at 8:00 p.m., Wednesday, Sept. 23 American Legion Auxiliary and 8 & the Exhibit Hall of the Market Hall Second day of National Convention 40 headquarters hotel: The Statler Hil- Building. business sessions, Dallas Memorial Audi- ton Hotel. torium. * American Legion Auxiliary staff Tuesday, Sept. 22 • States Dinner of The American Le- headquarters offices: The Statler Hilton • Opening day of National Convention gion Auxiliary, 8:00 p.m., Grand Ball- Hotel. business sessions, Dallas Memorial Audi- room, Statler Hilton Hotel. American Legion Convention Cor- torium. poration, and Convention Director's of- Second day of Auxiliary National Thursday, Sept. 24 fice: the Adolphus Hotel. Convention business sessions at the Stat- Final day of National Convention ler Hilton Hotel. The Auxiliary adjourns business sessions, concluding with elec- Far East Tour early and forms a joint session with the tion of national officers for 1964-65, On May 5, 76 American Legionnaires Legion at Memorial Auditorium. Dallas Memorial Auditorium. took off from San Francisco, Calif., on a combined Far East and round-the- world military and diplomatic briefing tour led by National Commander Daniel F. Foley. All of the Legionnaires, except for the official delegation, paid for the trip out of their own funds. They went to see first hand the problems confronting some of the other nations of the world and to get a better idea of the American strategy being used on the spot to help those countries remain free. The Far East portion of the tour included stops at Hawaii, Tokyo, Okinawa, Formosa, Manila, Corregidor, and Hong Kong. Those Legionnaires touring were mostly members of the National Security Commission and the Foreign Relations Commission. The trip was actually composed of three groups; those who went as far as Hong Kong, the official Special Liaison Still slim and youthful at 66, Mme Chiang Kai-shek entertains Cmdr Foley on Taiwan. Committee to the Dep't of State, and a

THE AMER ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 33 .

NEWS. group of 48 Legionnaires who decided, with a plaque bearing the names of Other posts were wary of the plan. . . . after the official tour was ended, to con- Post 1 I8's war dead. On each cross is a "You're breaking away from tradition." tinue on around the world from Hong name. "You will have poor attendance at your Kong with stops at Bangkok, New Delhi, It all started when Woodhaven Post services and you will take away from Istanbul, Rome and Lisbon before re- 118's Stanley E. Majka vacationed in "It's ours." only a flash—people will returning to 1959 in his New York. home town of Nanticoke, Pa. sent your idea." Nevertheless, Post 1 18, Nat'l Cmdr Foley traveled only on His eye was caught by a mention in the believing in its idea, went ahead. the 17-day 21,000 mile round trip leg local newspaper of Memorial Day serv- Memorial Day came with 80 of Post ices in an open field in which a small to Hong Kong, returning to the U.S. on 1 1 8's names on the crosses, along with May 21 plot had a miniature cemetery. Majka 275 from the community. Each cross Highlightsof the Far East trip included visited the plot, met and spoke with Nick was lined up with the adjoining one at (1) a tour of Pearl Harbor and the Ari- Sinco of Nanticoke Post 350, who told every angle. Lights were set up. Other zona Memorial in Hawaii, (2) briefing of his efforts to instill a deep feeling of veterans' organizations joined in along at CINCPAC Headquarters by Admiral remembrance for the war dead. with a marching band, official digni- Harry D. Felt, USN, Commander-in- The conversation left Majka with a taries, the Cub Scouts, and the clergy. Chief, Pacific and (3) briefings at Oki- fervent desire to do something about it. Five hundred visitors attended and Back at his Woodhaven post, Stan nawa, Tokyo, Manila, Taiwan, Seoul, Post 1 18 says its miniature national cem- and Hong Kong. thought about and worked on his plan, etery will be permanent. then approached some of the members. Nat'l Cmdr Foley visited with Mad- Another post having its own miniature Their reaction was, "Let's do it, but how ame Chiang Kai-Shek on the island of national cemetery is Venice-Madison much is it going to cost?" The estimate Taiwan, stronghold of free China. The Post 307 of Venice, 111. Its cemetery con- Generalissimo was on maneuvers with was $500 to $1,000. With the treasury tains 380 crosses and a replica of the just starting to build up after lean years, his troops during Cmdr Foley's visit, so Tomb of the Unknowns. put they did not meet. the membership was reluctant to out that kind of money. From meeting to Madame Chiang personally conducted D-Day Observances meeting it was argued and pleaded. the Cmdr on a tour of her orphanage Finally, it was resolved that, regard- On June 6, 1964. Nat'l Cmdr Daniel which cares for over 400 children and less of cost, the cemetery would become F. Foley participated in the ceremonies is also a nursing school. In the name of a reality, as a fitting memorial. Stan on the Normandy beaches and at the the Legion. Cmdr Foley donated funds Majka was now post commander. Chap- American cemetery at St. Laurent, for the orphanage itself and to provide lain George Bock was Memorial Day France, where 9,000 American fighting uniforms for the orphanage basketball chairman. It was decided to lay out the men found their final resting place 20 team. The Cmdr was greatly impressed cemetery on the post lawn. Names on years ago. Later in the day Cmdr Foley by the very real progress made by the the crosses were to include all deceased and the Honorable Charles E. Bohlen, free Chinese on Taiwan. members of the post and all deceased American Ambassador to France, placed Some of the Cmdr's observations of veterans of the community. a wreath at the Monument of Liberation the Far East Tour: Flags were added to the crosses and at Bayeux, France.

( 1 ) "The morale of our military forces poppies were donated by the Auxiliary. He also assisted in the re-kindling of in the Pacific is good." The post set up a color guard and drill the flame commemorating the Allied (2) "I was very impressed with the team. But there were problems. invasion of Europe June 6, 1944. industry and energy of the free Chinese people of Hong Kong and their ability to thrive. This should be more widely broadcast to the Red Chinese mainland."

(3) "The Philippine people are still very close to the United States. They are a strong bastion of freedom and democ- racy in the Pacific and President Maca- pagal is our good friend."

(4) "I feel that it is absolutely essential for the United States to maintain a strong military posture in the western Pacific and also to continue to speak from a strong military position overall for the security of the free world."

Miniature Cemetery The annual Memorial Day services at Legion Post 118, Woodhaven, N. Y., are unique in at least one basic element.

Post 1 1 8 is one of several Legion posts around the country having its own "national cemetery in miniature." On either side of the walk that leads to the post home is a grassy plot, with rows of white crosses—355 or more. On the right-hand side, as you face it, amidst the crosses, stands a stone monument, The home of Legion Post 118, Woodhaven, N.Y., and its miniature national cemetery.

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 NEWS

BRIEFLY NOTED Jerry Flynn, pitcher-outfielder, and catcher Bob von Eps of 1963's American A WW2 memorial (a stone monument with plaque), built by men of the 27th Legion Baseball national champion Long Calif., Post Air Depot Gp, 5th Air Force, at Port Beach, team, sponsored by Moresby, New Guinea, to honor those 27, have signed pro contracts. Jerry went who gave their lives there, has been de- with the Boston Red Sox organization, stroyed by vandals, and the plaque and Bob with the Chicago White Sox. stolen. The memorial was located be- Three stars of Post 1, Omaha, Nebr.'s tween Ward's Drome and Seven Mile Pepsi-backed 1963 finalists have also Strip, near one of the main airstrips. In- graduated to the majors. First baseman dignation runs high in Port Moresby. Chuck Shimerdla has signed with the St. The Town Council and the Returned Louis Cardinals, shortstop Len Boryca Servicemen's League have offered their with the Boston Red Sox, and catcher Helen Fairchild Nurses Post 412, Philadel- full support in rebuilding and policing Ron Blessie with the Baltimore Orioles. phia, has given an Isolette to Frankford the memorial for the alumni of the 27th Hospital. At extreme left is Ella Tomlin- AD Gp. Needed are the names, rank, POSTS IN ACTION son, 82, two-year WW1 nurse veteran of etc., of those originally listed on the Post 25, Windsor, Vt., won the Nat'l the Argonne, Post 412 Service Officer. In plaque, of the or photos plaque, etc. Send Rifle Team award in the 1964 annual center is the post cmdr, Emma Walker. information J. Jr., to E. Moss, Box 107, American Legion Postal Rifle and Pistol Miss. 39460. Moss, Matches, conducted by the Nat'l Rifle Forty-four Legion posts in the Phila- Association. The Dep't Rifle Team award delphia, Pa., area, with their Auxiliaries, went to Post 151, Lake Forest, III. The The 50th anniversary of WW1 will be visited the Philadelphia VA Hospital on in Belgium a Nat'l Team Pistol honors went to Post commemorated by program Sundays between June I, 1963, and May 19, Yuma, Ariz., while that post's Sons of events sponsored by the Belgian gov- 31, 1964, distributing gifts and necessi- of the American Legion won the Nat'l ernment. A ceremony commemorating ties in the amount of $3,306, and giving Junior Rifle Team award at 50 feet. The the Battle of the Yser is being organized 6,692 hours of service. for August 9 and on Sept. 27, the heroic Nat'l Junior Rifle Team competition at resistance of the Forts of Liege in 1914 15 feet was captured by SAL Squadron will be commemorated and a monument 397, North Chicago, III. Post 159, St. Clairsvillc, Ohio, placed to King Albert unveiled. A national cele- a large signboard in the restaurant of bration on Oct. 4 will bring together Legionnaire Nick Kusic. with a March veterans on both battles. of Dimes plea, and also staged a highway collection. Result: a total of $2,477, a record for the annual drive. Warren Spahn, veteran Milwaukee Braves lefty hurler, has been named the

1964 American Legion Baseball Grad- Post 52, Jersey City, N.J., occupied a uate of the Year. Previous winners have booth at the recent Jersey City Chamber included Sherm Lollar, Ted Williams, of Commerce Business-Industry Show, Stan Musial, and Bobby Richardson. Here's the fourth new ambulance pur- and gave evidence of what the Legion Spahn was chosen for the said honor, chased by Post 430, Galloway Township, can offer—service to community, state the Legion's Nat'l Americanism chair- N.J., for the widespread community of and country. man, Daniel J. O'Connor, because of his 5,000 persons. Post Cmdr William Farrell general conduct on and off the field, his (left) presents keys to Mayor Alex Carton. cooperation with others, his community The Dep't of Ohio's 1963-64 Gifts For efforts, his contribution to baseball and Yanks Who Gave fund, whose fiscal year youth, and his playing ability. "Warren closed recently, has hit an all-time high COMRADES IN DISTRESS Spahn certainly exemplifies the aims and of $33,815. Post 121, Fremont, is the principles of our American Legion Base- Readers who can help these comrades are individual leader with a Dep't record urged to do so. ball program," total of $988, close to $2 per member. O'Connor emphasized. Notices are run at the request of The Ameri- can Legion Nat'l Rehabilitation Commission. From the fund, the Dep't gave $300 They are not accepted from other sources. Readers wanting Legion help with claims toward a joint Legion-Auxiliary gift of a Tom Jones, pitching for the Inter- 17, should contact their local service officers. stained glass window for the main chapel national Brotherhood of Electrical Service officer, unable to locate needed witnesses for claims development should refer at the Brecksville VA Hospital, and $95 Workers' team sponsored by Post Rehabilitation 1, the matter to the Nat'l Commis- Bibles for patients and mem- sion through normal channels, for further for 25 new Phoenix, Ariz., hurled his second no- search before referral to this column. bers at the Dayton VA Center. hitter of the 1964 American Legion 335th Eng Reg't, Mature, Tunisia—Need to con- Baseball season when he struck out 19 tact men who recall an accident to Sgt. Albert A. Bronk, in which a truck carrying him consecutive batters in defeating the Mag Post Stuart, Nebr., teamed with its collided with a train driven and operated by 115, Plate team, also sponsored by Post 1 of American military personnel. The veteran Auxiliary to put on a musical show states that he received a head and neck injury Phoenix, 8-0. Jones, righthander, Years") by a and that he was treated at the place of the ("Music Down Through The faced only 21 batters. The 19 consecu- accident by medics whose unit he did not which grossed nearly $1,000. The post know, and later was treated by medics at- tive strikeouts and 19 in seven innings tached to his own unit. Contact: W. G. Black- also gave funds to bring the public ad- are said to be national American Legion burn, The American Legion, Dep't Service dress system in Stuart Auditorium up to Office, 342 N. Water St., Milwaukee, Wis. 53202 records. Jones pitched his first no-hitter LST 551 (May 1945)—Anyone who recalls an date, and helped sponsor stock car races in the opening game of the season but accident to Earl L. Dague, Jr., a cook, in for money to improve the community which he suffered a badly burned arm, may lost because of an error. His record for be able to help him support a claim. Contact: park. Harry T. Shields, 75 N. 10th St., Newark, this season is 3-1. Ohio. (Continued on page 36) THE AMERi AN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 35 Post 141 and Unit 141, Silver Lake, years $35,118.71 for other than Legion Post 44, Marquette, Mich.; Post 808, Minn., have given $1,100 toward new activities. Lubbock, Texas; Post 331, Groveton, uniforms for the Silver Lake H.S. band. Texas; Post 84, Columbus, Nebr.; Post 190, Dighton, Kans.; Post 713, Deer- Post 47, Chicago, 111., since April 1 of Post 1. Phoenix. Ariz., was host recently field, Ohio; Post 121, Scribner, Nebr.; this year has distributed without charge to an award breakfast, at which Free- and Post 14, Dorsey-Liberty, Kans. 2,500 American Medical Association doms Foundation at Valley Forge med- emergency medical identification cards als and awards were presented to Ari- PEOPLE IN THE to persons with medical problems. NEWS zona people, schools, and business firms Among those requesting cards were Dr. D. W. Tieszen, member of the Joint who. through published materials and scuba divers and persons wearing con- Committee of The American Legion and speeches, have furthered "a better un- tact lenses. the Nat'l Education Association, ap- derstanding and greater appreciation of pointed to the Educational Advisory the American Way of Life." Among the Committee for the Institute of American winners was Fletcher Newell, of Phoe- Post 335, Dysart, Iowa, is the first post Strategy.

nix. Post 1 Chaplain, for "letters to the in the Legion to go over its membership editor." quota for 1965. This was accomplished Herbert J. Jacobi, of Washington, D.C., on March 28, with 135 members signed chairman of the Legion's Internal Affairs up for next year. Post 74, Sebring, Fla., thinks maybe it Commission, convalescing following harbors the "oldest living Legionnaire." surgery. He's Rev. Orilas G. White, born Aug. NEW POST HOMES 10. 1867, which will make him 97 this Post 14, St. Petersburg, Fla., has dedi- Randall C. Biart, vice president of the August. How about it? cated a new $100,000 home. Post 80, Legion's Child Welfare Foundation, Inc., Liberal, Kans., bought a building and given the Omaha, Nebr., Lions Club's Post 255, Ridge, Md. (which recently remodeled it extensively, at a total cost public service award for "outstanding dedicated a new post home), has given of approximately $70,000. The interior job in juvenile rehabilitation." an ambulance rescue squad to the com- is Philippine mahogany paneling. Post munity. 526, Fairborn, Ohio, having outgrown Nat'l Cmdr Daniel F. Foley, given the its old home, is building a new one, to Bishop Fitzgerald Award by St. Mary's it to Post 1015, Amityville, N.Y., whose 30- cost $51,000, and expects be com- College of Winona, Minn. The award is pleted 15. Post Mil- year-old building was destroyed by fire about August 178, presented annually by the college to a last December, plans a new structure to lerton, N.Y., dedicated a new home re- layman selected for his civic and church cost over $200,000 and to be ready in cently. The cost was kept down to $35,- service. 1965. 000 by virtue of the Legionnaires doing most of the interior work, the plumbing L. Eldon James, of Hampton, Va., re- painting, Post 499, Galena Park, Tex., presented and heating, inside and outside elected president of The American Le- and, with the help of the local Garden the City Park with a lounging shelter at gion Child Welfare Foundation, Inc. Club, the landscaping. Another do-it- a cost of $500. Post 473, Monahans, yourself group is Post Wellston, Tex., gave $50 to assist the newly or- 371, ganized Boys Club. Ohio, whose members held the cost of Loyd F. Gehres, of Jenkintown, Pa., its new home, valued at $50,000, to $ 1 9,- attended the Paris Caucus of The 000. who Post 99, Minneapolis, Minn., has com- American Legion in March, 1919. Other posts sporting new homes are pleted its sixth year of Firearms Safety Training, with 77 four girls boys and get- James F. Burns, of Milwaukee, Wis., a ting certificates this year. During the THE AMERICAN LEGION general member of the Legion's Nat'l NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS seven weeks of the course, the group MAY 31, 1961 Rehabilitation Commission since 1926. fired 1.615 rounds of .22 caliber ammu- ASSETS Cash on hand and on deposit $2,250,402.10 nition, and all qualified for the Marks- Receivables 202,819.29 Fred C. Buck, of Abingdon, Va., former man award. Inventories 391,520.18 Invested Funds 866,695.82 member of the Nat'l Executive Commit-

ds :

1 tee (1945-47). Oversea. ; Graves Decoration Post 588, Osgood, Ohio, gave $25 U.S. Trust Funds 276,628.93 Employ •es Retirement bonds to two high school seniors who Trust Fund ..3,155,689.76 3,732,318.69 Nelson Chilcoat Overton, of Newport won a Legion and Auxiliary sponsored Real Esla te 814,228.39 Furniture & Fixtures, Less Depreciation 229,692.86 News, Va., past Nat'l Executive Com- test on government and Americanism. Deferred I barges 72,084.38 mitteeman (1929-31). $8,559,762.01~ LI A BILIT1ES, DEFERRED REVENUE Post 44, Pekin, 111., brought in the Navy AND NET WORTH NEW POSTS Current L labilities S 467,116.62 Band from Washington, D.C., for a per- Funds Resitricted as to use 20,692.35 The American Legion has recently char- formance that netted $2,100 for the Boys Deferred Income 1,780,589.58 Trust Fun ds: tered the following new posts: John F. Club building fund. Oversea; i Graves Decoration 485, San Antonio, Texas; Trust Funds 276,628.93 Kennedy Post Employ'os Retirement John W. Hazard Post 477, St. Clair Trust Fund .3,455,689.76 3,732,318.69 Add to the posts newly sponsoring a Boy Net Wortf Shores, Mich.; Sgt. Hercules E. Korgis Scout troop: Post 471, Rensselaer, N.Y., Reserve Fund 24,185.11 Memorial Post 1852, New York, N.Y.; Restrict'?d Fund 23,499.13 sponsoring Scout Troop 471. Real Es late 814,228.39 John F. Kennedy Post 1855, Long Island Reserve lor Rehabilitation 578,607.84 Reserve for Child Welfare 101,424.08 City, N.Y.; Douglas MacArthur Post 51, Reserve for Convention 60,000.00 Post 154, Elmira Hts., N.Y., founded Houston, Texas; Ocoee Memorial Post 1.601,944.55 in the year the Legion was born, has Unrestrict ?d Capital 957,100.22 2,559,044,77 109, Ocoee, Fla.; Jones Braswell Post 88,559,762.01 given to its community in the last five 160, Red Oak, N.C.

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 NEWS

457th AAA, Bat B— (Sept.) Verner L. Macom, Halvor Flom and Lester L. Lease (both 1964), OUTFIT REUNIONS 132 Whittemore, Pontiac, Mich. Post 428, Wesley, Iowa. Reunion will be held in month indicated. For 534th AAA Bn, Bat A— (Aug.) Harvey E. Hoyt, Herman Kretschmar and Frank Kiser and particulars, write person whose address is Box 1231, Elburn, 111. 60119 Ben Shea (all 1963), Post 584, Wilton Jet., Iowa. Albert J. Roeser, Fred A. McNamara and Joseph W. Michalow- given. 550th Airborne Inf— (Sept.) 459 1st St., Palisades Park, N. J. ski and Joseph W. Monahan and William J. C. Notices accepted on official form only. For 555th AAA AW Bn, Bat C— (Sept.) L. Bernard Mulcahy (all 1961), Post 27, Cambridge, Mass. addressed return envelope form send stamped, McCoy, 3616 E. Doerr, Alton, 111. 62005 Edward J. Gare, Jr. and Otto A. Geis and to O. R. Form, American Legion Magazine, 712th Tank Bn, Co B— (Aug.) Joe C. Roush, Philip J. Gleason and James Greco (all i%3), 720 Fifth Ave., New York, N.Y. 10019. Notices 3950 N.W. 27th St., Oklahoma City, Okla. Post 28, Northampton, Mass. should be received at least four months before 809th Tank Dest Bn— (Sept.) Andrew Novacek, George H. Cornell and Richard A. Dennie and scheduled reunion. No written letter necessary 424 2nd St., West Newton, Pa. Leonard F. Finnell and George A. Greene (all 864th Ord, Hvy Maint— (Sept.) Sylvester Waska, 1964), Post 166, Fairhaven, Mass. to get form. 34 Julian St., Binghamton, N. Y. 13905 of John H. Bonnyman and Thomas A. Manahan Earliest submission favored when volume Bridge (Sept.) Robert L. 993rd Treadway Co— (both 1963), Post 380, Quincy, Mass. requests is too great to print all. Kans. Stillwagon, Box 67, Chapman, George Mason (1963), Post 177, Vassar, Mich. 1922nd Ord Ammo Bn (Avn)— (Sept.) Stanley Donald Betterman and Richard H. Dahl ARMY L. Miechowicz, 572 Rowley Rd., Depew, N. Y. (both 1961), Post 278, Brandon, Minn. 14043 5th Div (WW1 & 2)— (Sept.) John B. Morier, William Gonzales (1963), Post 1, Reno, Nev. 5 W. 63rd St., New York, N. Y. 10023 2571st SC, HQ Reg't— (Sept.) John C. Cannito, Napoleon J. Bedard and William L. Wright, 6th Arm'd Div— (Sept.) Edward F. Reed, P.O. 319 N. 64th St., Philadelphia 39, Pa. Sr. (both 1960), Post 41, Whitefield, N. H. Box 492, Louisville, Ky. 40201 3478th Med Auto Maint— (Sept.) George Fien, Francis Boucher and Thomas Hanagan and 10th Arm'd Div— (Sept.) John Sheffield, Amer- 211 Grandview Ave., Buffalo 23, N. Y. Phillip Pelletier (all 1964), Post 69, Somers- icus, Ga. Evac Hosp #13 (WW1)— (Sept.) Leo J. Bellg, worth, N. H. 16th Eng Rwy Reg't (WW1)— (Sept.) Alfred R. 808 Ash St., Toledo 11, Ohio David Knox (1963), Post 152, Newark, N. J. Hawkins, 13531 Indiana Ave., Detroit, Mich. Military Rwy Service— (Sept.) Earl W. Steuber, Patrick M. Coyne (1964), Post 27, Brooklyn, 48238 Penn. RR, 6 Penn Center Plaza, Philadelphia N. Y. 4, Pa. 17th Sig Oper Bn (WW2)— (Sept.) E. F. Hof- Thomas Bohan and William Hanley and John Army Corps (Aug.) Miss Sara Ann meister, 710 Crown Ave., Scranton, Pa. 18505 Women's — A. Weber (all 1964), Post 150, Kingston, N. Y. Allen, 402 S. 9th St., Columbia, Mo. 65201 Jesse S. Siff (1964), Post 310, Nyack, N. Y. 18th Eng Rwy— (Sept.) Carlos R. Zener, 1819 Wilbur F. Dolan (1963), Post 1152, St. James, 8th Ave., Seattle 1, Wash. NAVY N. Y. 21st Eng Reg't (WW2)— (Sept.) Richard Selak, Frank J. Rourke and Louis J. Guenckel (both R.D. #1, Thomasville, Pa. 17364 33rd Seabees— (Sept.) Clarence A. Decker, 27 1964), Post 1180, Brooklyn, N. Y. 27th Inf Div (WW1 & 2)— (Sept.) Lawrence Houston St., Staten Island, N. Y. 10302 Ulysses Ciolini (1964), Post 1544, Staten Reagan, P.O. Box 1403, Albany, N. Y. 12201 60th Seabees— (Sept.) John Ruggerio, 1817 N. Island, N. Y. 29th Inf Div (WW1 & 2)— (Sept.) Donald N. 78th St., Omaha, Nebr. E. T. Register (1963), Post 374, Calypso, N. C. Sheldon, 103-19—112th St., Richmond Hill 19, 66th Seabees— (Sept.) John E. Chandler, Mc- N. Y. Lemoresville, Tenn. 38235 Roy V. Middleton (1963), Post 496, Kent, Ohio. 32nd Inf Div (WW1 & 2)— (Sept.) Eugene 80th Seabees— (Sept.) Iasaac G. McNatt, 848 St. Paul V. Segars (1961), Post 117, Hobart, Okla. Phelps, 1225 Redfield St., La Crosse, Wis. Nicholas Ave., New York 31, N. Y. Edwin G. Stange (1958) and Gus M. Steres 54601 93rd Seabees— (Sept.) Charles B. Lindsay, 282 (1961), Post 134, Portland, Oreg. 34th Eng (WW1)— (Sept.) George Remple, 2523 Catawba, Westerville, Ohio John H. Tipping (1959) and Lane A. Davis (1964), Post 93, Media, Pa. N. Main St., Dayton 5, Ohio USS Baham (AG 71)— (Sept.) V. R. Kemmer- George E. Hallman, Jr. (1964), Post 234, 37th Eng, Electr Mech (WW1)- (Sept.) E. C. ling, 67 Jennings Dr., Canal Winchester, Ohio. & Souderton, Pa. Alford, 7135 N. Vincent Ave., Portland, Oreg. USS Canberra (CA-70, WW2)— (Sept.) Jerry Silas B. Kehley and Albert W. Bean (both 97217 Der Boghosian, 3 Haseltine St., Bradford, 1962) , Post 289, Ringtown, Pa. 43rd Inf Div— (Sept.) Joseph E. Zimmer, State Mass. James M. Green, Sr. and Fred F. Mullen and Armory, 360 Broad St., Hartford, Conn. (Sept.) William J. USS Mount Vernon (WW1)— Edwin M. Wallover (all 1964), Post 481, Mid- 54th Sig Bn— (Sept.) Robert J. Hardwick, 2902 McKee, 22 Wolcott St., West Medford, Mass. land, Pa. Vaquero Ave., Los Angeles 32, Calif. 02155 Juan E. Montalvo, Jr. (1963), Post 42, Utuado, 63rd & 71st Rwy Eng (WW1)— (Sept.) Wilbur USS Natoma Bay & VC 81— (Sept.) Natoma P R H. Hawk, R.D. #2, Halifax, Pa. Bay: John J. Sassano, Rt. 3, Gainesville, Ga. Thomas F. Woodbine (1963), Post 43, War- 71st Rwy Eng (WW1)—See 63rd Rwy Eng V.C. 81: J. D. Barber, 643 Lamberd Ave., wick, R. I. 81st Inf Div— (Sept.) Kenneth R. Bull, 5006 Johnstown, Pa. Harry E. Evers and Alfred Nord and George Regina Dr., Annandale, Va. USS Ozark (WW1)— (Sept.) Patrick J. Kelly, Petersen (all 1963), Post 201, Pukwana, S. Dak. 91st Chem Mortar Co— (Sept.) Frank Rosen- 1149 Prospect Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. 11218 Meade F. Griffin and Sam Langford (both berger, R.R. Carrollton, Ky. V.C. 81—See USS Natoma Bay 1963) , Post 260, Plainview, Tex. L. 104th Inf Div— (Sept.) Howard S. Bedney, 721 George McCargo (1963), Post 343, Moran, Byron Ave., Franklin Square, N. Y. AIR Tex. Louis A. Jeaneret and Earl S. Loop (both 115th Eng (WW1)— (Sept.) James E. Conahan, 401st Bomb Gp, 612th Bomb Sqdn (England)— 1963), Post 15, Kent, Wash. 124 Arapahoe St., Golden, Colo. 80401 (Aug.) Pete D. Henderson, 1706 Sears, Ar- Wm. Buchanan (1963), Post 58, Montgomery, 148th Arm'd Sig Co— (Sept.) George A. tesia, N. Mex. W. Va. L'Homme, 65 Prospect St., 463rd Aero Sqdn (Sept.) W. B. Scar- Norwich, Conn. (WW1)— Nels Y. Hansen (1964), Post 268, Bruce, Wis. 06360 row, P.O. Box 6, Goodland, Kans. 67735 149th Combat Eng Bn— (Sept.) Bob Turpin, 612th Bomb Sqdn—See 401st Bomb Gp Life Memberships are accepted for publica- Aero (Sept.) Joseph D. 3807 E. 104th St., Kansas City, Mo. 64137 840th Sqdn (WW1)— tion only on an official form, which we provide. Sr., Rd., Harrisburg, Pa. 166th AA Gun Bn, Bat C— (Aug.) Gerald F. Smith, 200 N. Houcks Reports received only from Commander, Ad- Fager, 715 N. Georgie, Derby, Kans. 67037 17109 jutant or Finance Officer of Post which awarded 206th Coast Art'y (AA)— (Sept.) A. T. Albright, the life membership. 5722 Woodlawn Ave., Little Rock, Ark. They may get form by sending stamped, self- 229th Field Art'y Bn (WW2)— (Sept.) Joseph C. LIFE MEMBERSHIPS addressed return envelope to: O'Leary, 324 Prince St., Pittsburgh, Pa. 15206 "L. M. Form, American Legion Magazine, 720 243rd Eng Combat Bn (Aug.) Leonard Co- The award of a life membership to a Legion- 5th Ave., New York, N. Y." 10019. — a corner of return envelope write the monie, 624 E. Scott St., Olyphant, Pa. naire by his Post is a testimonial by those who On the number of names you wish to report. No written 305th Ammo Train (WW1)— (Sept.) Louis Gold- know him best that he has served The Ameri- letter necessary to get forms. berg, 1032 Parkview Dr., New Kensington, can Legion well. Pa. Below are listed some of the previously un- 308th Eng (WW1)— (Aug.) Leo C. Brown, 49 published life membership Post awards that Drury St., Dayton, Ohio 45403 American Legion Life Insurance have been reported to the editors. They are 308th Motor Supply Train (WW1)— (Sept.) arranged by States or Departments. Month ending June 20, 1964 Norman Rebillot, 909—8th St. N.W., Canton, Ohio 44703 Curt Pielert and Frank B. Schottgen (both Benefits paid Jan. 1-June 20 $ 365,155 309th Eng (WW1)— (Sept.) George Stoner, P.O. Benefits paid since Apr. 1958 1,800,916 1964), Post 3, Mobile, Ala. Box 52, Manchester, Tenn. 37355 Insurance in force (dollars) 220,500,000 Chester Englehart (1964), Post 562, Los 316th Inf— (Sept.) Edwin G. Cleeland, 6125 Basic units in force (number) 107,354 Angeles, Calif. McCallum St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19144 New applications since Jan. 1 9,671 327th Field Art'y (WW1)— (Sept.) Chas. A. Walter W. Taylor and Leo A. Theriault (both New applications rejected 981 1962) and George F. Casey and John L. Regan Campbell, 407 S. Cherokee St., Taylorville, American Legion Life Insurance is an official (both 1963), Post 19, Willimantic, Conn. program of The American Legion, adopted by 332nd Inf (WW1)— (Sept.) Curtis H. Greig, 1544 Charles F. Ardito (1964), Post 39, Westville, the Nat'l Executive Committee, 1958. It is Holmden Rd., South Euclid, Ohio 44121 Conn. reducing term insurance, issued on application, 337th Field Art'y (Bat C) (WW1)— (Sept.) J. E. George A. Torres (1964), Post 69, Washington, subject to approval based on health and em- Sessing, 3315 Beard Ave., Robbinsdale, Minn. D. C. ployment statement to paid up members of 55422 John P. Beatty and Elston G. Bradfield and The American Legion. Death benefits range 338th Mach Gun Bn (WW1)— (Sept.) Claude M. Edward Jove (all 1963), Post 348, Chicago, 111. from $8,000 (double unit up to age 35) in re- Priest, 208 6th Ave. S., St. James, Minn. Edward Kabella and James Manak and Joseph ducing steps with age to termination of in- 339th Field Art'y, Bat (Sept.) B. F. Miller, D— Milota (all 1964), Post 687, Stickney, 111. surance at end of year in which 70th birthday R. #3, Osceola, Iowa. units George R. Eggert (1963), Post 1086, Chicago, occurs. Available in single and double at 342nd Inf, Hq Co (WW1)— (Sept.) John A. 111. flat rate of $12 or $24 a year on a calendar Stienecker, 616 Maple Ave., Belvidere, 111. year basis, pro-rated during first year at $1 Florence Edna Baker and Clyde E. Cook and 349th Inf, Co I (WW1)- (Sept.) Everett Fergu- or $2 a month for insurance approved after Horace G. Crumrin (all 1963), Post 1130, West son, Mechanicsville, Iowa. Jan. 1. Underwritten by two commercial life Union, 111. 351st Inf, Mach Gun Co (WW1)— (Sept.) Henry insurance companies. American Legion insur- John F. Groszek J. Reinders, Mallard, Iowa. (1957) and Joseph Waszak ance trust fund managed by trustee operating Post 111. 351st Gen Service Reg't, Hq & Service Co— (1964), 1156, Chicago, under laws of Missouri. No other insurance may (Sept.) D. K. Johnson, 313 S. 26th Ave., Bell- Zack Greenwood and Fred Groegaert (both use the full words "American Legion." Ad- wood, 111. 60104 1963) , Post 1191, Hooppole, 111. ministered by The American Legion Insurance 355th Inf (WW1)— (Sept.) Albert P. Schwarz, Chris L. J. Drevs (1964), Post 303, Moville, Department, P.O. Box 5609, Chicago, 111. 60680, 1731 E. Manor, Lincoln, Nebr. 68506 Iowa. to which write for more details. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 37 to handle, especially when you're standing in a stream holding a fly rod. Charles Sladen of Clinton, Mass., got tired of fum- bling. He poured his dry-fly liquid into a small plastic bottle that originally contained nasal spray. A couple of one-hand spurts and the fly is dry. A new label on the bottle

keeps it away from noses.

Skittering, Modern Style NEW REVOLVER by Smith & Wesson is .41 Magnum caliber, has almost as much wallop as the big .44 Magnum guns but less

Skittering is a way of angling so old netted, it is brought to the boat by raising thunder and punishing recoil. For law en- it is new and once more it is becom- the rod vertically. Casting distance can be forcement officers it provides almost four ing popular, now that manufacturers have increased by improvising guides for the rod times the stopping power of their .38 Spe- made modern equipment for it. It is what and by taping a reel to its handle. cials. For hunters it will anchor any North its name indicates; a bait or lure is skittered Any live bait or standard lure can be American big game. Jacketed bullet weighs across the surface of the water to tantalize used. Streamers will take bass and panfish. 210 grains, has a muzzle velocity of 1500 some lurking fish into striking it. It is unique A simple pork rind on a hook is deadly for feet per second. Low velocity loads also in that its rod is plain with no reel, the pickerel. In England similar tackle is used available. It holds six cartridges and is dou- fishline being tied to its tip. And this rod with flies for trout; there the method is ble-action. Called Model 57, it is made to S&W's superior standards. Price: $140.

RUST-SPOT REMOVERS and lure pol- ishers are as numerous as fleas on a hound but there's a good one that's always handy —if you're a smoker. Moisten the tip of your finger, dip it into cool cigarette, cigar

or pipe ashes so some cling to it, and rub on the rusted metal or tarnished lure. Then wash off and apply oil.

A FISHING CREEL soon becomes sour

and smells if it isn't cleaned thoroughly

after each use. And cleaning it is easy, writes Don Murphey of Dexter, Ore. He says a butcher always salts down his chopping

block to "sweeten" it and draw out the moisture, and the same treatment works for

a creel. After rinsing and drying, place it on an opened newspaper, sprinkle salt on the inside and let stand over night. Then

shake out the salt and it will smell as fresh as a spring morning. may be as long as 24 feet! It provides the called "dapping." In America, also, the long sport's greatest appeal. Even a sunfish, rod is suited to trout fishing from a brush- THE BACKLASH is the baitcaster's di- hooked on a limber pole of such length, can covered bank where conventional casting is lemma. And it always seems to happen just give the angler a more thrilling battle than impossible. Even muskellunge, the giants of after a big fish has broken water. The fast- on a shorter casting, spinning or fly rod. the pickerel family, are caught by skittering. est way to unsnarl the bird's nest on your Storing and transporting the long one- Fighting a big muskie on this tackle is like reel is to use an ordinary crochet hook, ad- piece bamboo rod was skittering's disadvan- holding a lion by the tail. vises Paul Hennig of Milwaukee, Wis. Don't tage, but recently tubular Fiberglas has pull the line; this will only tighten the snarl. solved the problem. It is cheaper and lighter, UPSIDE-DOWN WORM BOX can be Rub the coils back and forth with your and can be made in telescoping sections. made from the new coffee cans with plastic thumb to loosen them and then pick them These rods are available in lengths from 12 lids, writes L. E. Brenner of Lafayette, Ind. apart with the crochet hook. And pray the to 24 feet at prices from $9 to $22. Old-time He cuts both ends from a can and uses two big fish is still there. skitterers in the South, where the sport is a plastic lids as covers. Since worms always favorite, insist the line should be green, go to the bottom, all he has to do is turn A NEW CARBINE by Remington will be braided silk, but the recent trend is toward the can upside down, lift off the lid and bagging its share of bucks next fall. Called monofilament, its strength depending on the pick out the worm—no digging in the dirt or the Model 600, it's a four-shot repeater, size of the fish being sought, and length emptying the can. It helps to paint one lid weighs only 5Vi lbs., has a walnut stock from 2 to 4 feet longer than the rod. black. and an 18Vi-inch barrel with a unique ven- Lake skittering is done from the prow of tilated rib, and it uses the same action as a boat drifting along the lily pads, reeds WHEN LEATHER BOOTS GET WET, Remington's very accurate XP-100 Fireball or sunken weed beds, and the angler re- the trick is to dry them without getting them varmint handgun. Its calibers are .308 (the mains seated so the fish won't see him. The out of shape and without stiffening the Nato cartridge) which is ballistically simi- lure is tossed out to one side with a sweep leather. Drying them near a hot fire is the lar to the .30-06, and the brush-cutting .35 of the rod. then the rod tip is moved in the worst treatment. The best, according to Remington, and the .222 Remington which opposite direction so the lure skitters over backwoodsmen who get theirs wet often, is is one of the hottest and most accurate var- the water. At the end of this motion the rod to leave them on your feet, if possible, and mint calibers. will be pointed to one side and the lure will "walk 'em dry." Also, the old-timers use the be almost directly ahead of the angler at a same method to break-in new leather boots, If you have a helpful idea for this feature distance equal to the rod length. Then the first soaking them in water. send it in. If we can use it we'll pay you rod tip is quickly swept over to the opposite $5.00. However, we cannot acknowledge, reside. This lifts the lure from the water in a SOLUTIONS, which must be DRY FLY turn, or enter into correspondence concern- high arc and casts it. It is skittered as before applied to dry flies after every few casts to ing contributions. Address: Outdoor Editor, and the cast is repeated. Forward casts are waterproof them so they'll float, usually The American Legion Magazine, 720 Fifth also possible. When a fish is ready to be come in screw-cap bottles that are awkward Ave., New York, N. Y. 10019.

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 — J

FEDERAL HELP FOR SMALL BUSINESSES (Continued from page 19) Risk capital of the sort the engineer sustaining SBIC that is really making MEN PAST40 needs has always been hard to come by. itself available to small business as a He also needs advice, for he is apt to source of venture capital is in the neigh- Afflicted Getting Nights, assets." With Up know very little about bookkeeping, dis- borhood of $2 million in Pains in Back, Hips, Legs, The limits on the size of loans and in- tribution and advertising. Nervousness, Tiredness. In an attempt to help this engineer vestments aren't the only reasons that If you are a victim of the above symp- wither SBA has found the larger investment start a new business, rather than toms, the trouble may be due to Glandu- away or be swallowed up by a bigger companies more effective. At least as lar Inflammation. Glandular Inflamma- outfit, Congress, in 1958, passed the important is the need for full-time man- tion very commonly occurs in men of or past and is often accom- Small Business Investment Act. agement counseling, to aid the firms middle age panied by despondency, emotional upset being financed. The engineer with a new Under this program, the SBA licenses, and other mental and nervous reactions TV antenna needs help establishing a regulates, and makes loans to Small . . . often signs that the glands are not Business Investment Companies. These going company, after he has the financ- functioning properly. Neglect of such conditions or a false SBIC's are independent firms which, in ing. And the SBIC, which looks forward conception of adequate treatments may to owning part of the company, has a turn, invest in and make loans to small cause men to grow old before their time keen interest in giving it sound advice. businesses. This kind of financing is . . . loss of vigor and possibly lead to hazardous by definition. An SBIC must The very small SBIC's have been unable incurable conditions. this help. be prepared to sustain losses. But when to offer kind of NON-SUMfCAL TREATMENTS a company it helps clicks, the SBIC nat- Currently, the small businesses getting urally wants to share the wealth. Thus, SBIC financing are using the money up Most men, if treatment is taken in successfully the bulk of SBIC financing is tied to at a far faster rate than it is dribbling in time, can be NON-SURGI- CALLY treated for Glandular Inflam- options entitling these companies to part from private investment. Building con- mation. If the condition is aggravated tractors and real-estate developers have of the ownership in firms that succeed. by lack of treatment, painful and ex- Currently, there are about 725 proved the heaviest users, but all kinds pensive surgery may be the only chance. SBIC's around the country. They have of businesses have gotten SBIC financing. Through intensive research, a new re- sultful Non-Surgical treatment method advanced about half a billion dollars to Obviously, if the program is to be a for Glandular Inflammation has been some 10,000 small businesses. Each $1 success the scarcity of private invest- perfected by the Excelsior Medical of government financing of SBIC's has ment capital can't continue. Kelley, Clinic. The mild Non-Surgical Method attracted about $4 in private funds. Tax however, believes that SBIC stocks are has proven so successful it is backed by a Lifetime Certificate of Assurance. breaks for the investors have greatly underpriced, and that they will begin to Men from over 1,000 communities in attract investors again as soon as stock enhanced the appeal of SBIC's. all parts of the country, have been suc- In the first few years, SBIC's enjoyed buyers generally become more willing to cessfully Non-Surgically treated. They found soothing and comforting relief a boom. Investors sought their stocks. take chances. SBA's ultimate goal is to and better Health. One SBIC grew to $33 million in capital. have the SBIC's entirely financed by private funds, with no government partici- But the stock market slide of 1962 RECTAL-COLON REDUCIBLE pation at all. But today, that goal is very burned many people. Even though blue DISORDERS HERNIA distant. chip firms have more than recovered, Are often associated with is also amenable to a mild risk capital for any purpose has been in So much for the money problems of Glandular Inflammation. Non-Surgical treatment. Either or both of these disorders may be treated hiding ever since. On top of that, some small businesses. at the same time you are receiving Glandular bugs began to show up in the SBIC pro- Inflammation treatments. gram. SBA officials call them "growing 'hat does SBA do to help small usiness get contracts and pur- pains," but this is understatement. W chase materials? Specifically, how can Most notably, it became clear that a great many very small SBIC's that had the little fellow compete against the big corporations for government contracts been formed were just too little to function effectively. The Administration or in buying government surplus bargains? FREE is fully won't let an SBIC put more than 20% Our New Book illustrated and deals with at of its capital into a single firm. So the All small firms are an immediate diseases peculiar to men and smallest SBIC's with $300,000 in capital disadvantage. They are unable to keep women. Gives excellent fac- tua knowledge and could a man in Washington with a perfectly M6il-£i(84!t6AL ' are limited to $60,000 investments per l£*JvaA£BJT prove of utmost importance fKcMTmClwf our future life. Tells firm. The big SBIC's, regardless of the legitimate ear to the ground respecting to y How and Why new modern amount of their capital, were limited to pending government purchases or sales. Non-Surgical Treatment methods are proving so suc- investments of $500,000 per firm. Big companies are able to employ Wash- cessful. It is to your bes SBA Administrator Foley and his ington representatives, thus having the interest to write for a FREE copy today. deputy in charge of the SBIC program, advantage of a first-rate intelligence EXCELSIOR FILL OUT THIS Richard E. Kelley, have been working service. MEDICAL CLINIC COUPON TODAY frantically to try to eliminate the short- Yet many government contracts can Dept. B1150 comings in SBIC's. Congress has co- be filled just as well by small firms as Excelsior Springs, Mo. ones. operated by removing the $500,000 big Gentlemen: Kindly send me at once, your full in- ceiling on loans. Now, the large SBIC's The SBA operates a wide range of New FREE Book. I am interested in formation (Please Check Box) firms find that the remaining restriction services aimed at putting small on Hernia Q Rectal-Colon Clandular against investing more than 20% of their a more nearly equal footing with their Inflammation capital in one firm—doesn't hamper major company competitors for govern- NAME. them. ment dollars. "Set-aside programs," ear- ADDRESS- Foley and Kelley are also encourag- marked for small business bidding only, TOWN ing the smaller SBIC's to merge. Says have the biggest impact. Under them, STATE Kelley, "The minimum size for a self- (Continued on page 40) h...... THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 39 FEDERAL HELP FOR SMALL BUSINESSES In large firms, sales, credit, inventory actual performance. The accountant (Continued from page 39) conlrol. taxes, and personnel have be- provided monthly statements, in place of come highly specialized fields. The small the bookkeeper's quarterly ones, and some of the available civilian and de- fellow who could keep abreast in all of inventory control was thereby sharpened. fense work deemed suitable for small them would be a wizard. At the mill, SBA technicians spotted firms is reserved for them exclusively. SBA offers a source of information, a way to improve log handling to in- There must be enough small companies training and counseling to help the small crease yield. By adding a six-hour shift interested to assure competition. operator broaden his business talents to the regular eight-hour shift every day, The big government agencies such as and diagnose his own problems objec- fixed charges and overhead per unit of the Defense Department often find it tively. However, SBA's manpower for output were cut. Training of key pro- simpler to deal with big firms. As a re- this purpose is very limited, and the duction workers was improved. sult, they tend to resist and resent SBA's Administration tries to use its own re- Within eight months, the sawmill was efforts for small companies. Deputy Ad- sources to get others into the counseling operating comfortably in the black. ministrator Irving Maness and his aides field. For example, SBA recently began at SBA take pride in battling on behalf a program to interest retired business- business may be somewhat bigger of their '"clients" in small business. men in voluntarily advising firms. small than that family sawmill and still be Annually, about $2 billion in govern- A SBA encourages colleges and universi- a "small business." ment business is "set aside" exclusively ties to include management courses tai- In the laws that SBA operates under, for small firms. Winners of big govern- lored for small companies in their night Congress merely instructed SBA to help ment contracts also are urged to sub- programs. out independently owned and operated contract with small companies, whenever Recently, SBA has found that com- firms that are not dominant in their field. possible. keeps rosters of SBA companies panies interested in developing com- It left the details to the Administration. interested in government will work, and munity goodwill can be enticed into The details are complex, and the size report to these companies when oppor- sponsoring such night courses. Balti- A standards vary from industry to indus- tunities in their lines are coming up. more life insurance company has begun try, and, within SBA, from one of its Thus it acts as a Washington intelligence such a program, open to any business- programs to another. service for small firms. man in the community. A special effort Perhaps the best rule of thumb is that In addition, many surplus goods and is being made in Philadelphia, Harlem every business with no more than 250 materials sold by the government are and Washington, D.C., to stimulate employees is regarded as small, and reserved for small business bidding. Negro ownership of small businesses every one with more than 1 ,000 em- Timber cut from federal land is reserved through such courses. ployees is considered large. But there are regularly. Firms that can use basic com- also some yardsticks based on financial modities, such as zinc, tin, lead, cad- an example of an SBA suc- Here's data. For instance, any retail firm is mium, and such, buy them through the cess story, where a combination of small enough to qualify for a direct loan set-aside program when they become loans, plus management and technical if it has annual sales of $ 1 million or surplus to national defense stockpile advice, helped a firm move from the less; a wholesaler with less than $5 mil- needs, and are sold by the General Serv- verge of failure to a profitable position. lion in annual sales can qualify. ices Administration. It concerns a father and two sons who SBA's services—and detailed informa- own a Montana sawmill, producing two- tion about its programs—are rendered businesses are at a disadvan- by-fours and wood pulp. Small through local offices in 68 cities. Here tage in another area too—-that of The company got into trouble a few are their locations, which can be found management know-how. Frequently in a years ago when it budgeted inadequate in the phone book under "U.S. Govern- small business one or two men must have funds for the construction of a new steel ment": all the business wisdom that an army of sawmill. The firm sunk $225,000 of its specialists furnish big corporation. may a own funds in the project. Then it ob- The odds are generally against a limited tained a $250,000 SBA loan, in which Agcma, Guam Los Angeles, Calif. Mex. Louisville, Ky. start being able to match savvy with a Albuquerque, N. a local bank participated. Anchorage, Alaska Lubbock, Tex. big one. But this didn't do the trick. The new Atlanta, Ga. Madison, Wis. Marquette, Mich. Indeed, one of the most common Augusta, Maine sawmill was slow in paying, and with the Ealtimore, Md. Marshall, Tex. causes of small business failure is lack heavy debt burden on the company, Birmingham, Ala. Miami, Fla. Boise, Idaho Minneapolis, Mrnrrr- of balanced management. Even a suc- SBA's loan was in danger. manage- SBA Boston, Mass. Montpelier, Vt. cessful small business, one that is enjoyment consultants moved in. Their first Buffalo, N. Y. Nashville, Tenn. Casper, Wyo. Newark, N. J. ing growth, will hit a plateau, and tnen step was to refinance the debt from a Charleston, W. Va. New Orleans, La. begin to slip. Success brings its own six-year basis to a ten-year plan, making Charlotte, N. C. New York, N. Y. Oklahoma City, Okla. problems which a small outfit often can't payments more realistic. Chicago, 111. Clarksburg, W. Va. Omaha, Nebr. that cope with without borrowing brains SBA's men could see very quickly that Cleveland, Ohio Philadelphia, Pa. Phoenix, Ariz. it can't afford. SBA has found that the the father and his two sons were all Columbia, S. C. Columbus, Ohio Pittsburgh, Pa. owners, used to running everything per- concentrating too heavily on the produc- Concord, N. H. Portland, Oreg. sonally, often lack the detachment to tion end, and, further, that the father was Dallas, Tex. Providence, R. I. Denver, Colo. Richmond, Va. spot troubles. authority to his reluctant to delegate any Des Moines, Iowa St. Louis, Mo. A boss who engineered a product sons. A new approach to management Detroit, Mich. St. Thomas, Virgin I. Fargo, N. Dak. Salt Lake City, Utah lacks the promotional talent to develop of the firm was worked out. The father Hartfcrd, Conn. San Antonio, Tex. it fully. A husband and wife team get a took charge of financial planning and Helena, Mont. San Diego, Calif. Honolulu, Hawaii San Francisco, Calif. successful restaurant going on their purchasing; one son ran the mill, the Houston, Tex. Santurce, P. R. cooking, then trip over personnel prob- other concentrated on sales. Indianapolis, Ind. Seattle, Wash. Falls, S. Dak. lems when they begin to expand. An ace The firm's bookkeeping was a mess, Jackson, Miss. Sioux Jacksonville, Fla. Spokane, Wash. salesman is bored by careful bookkeep- run by a plant bookkeeper. SBA urged Kansas City, Mo. Syracuse, N. Y. ing, and suddenly winds up in the hole regular use of a certified public account- Knoxville, Tenn. Washington, D. C. Little Rock, Ark. Wichita, Kans. with suppliers, and the Internal Revenue ant. A system of 12-month forecasting Service. was set up that could be used to measure THE END 40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE UGUST 1964 —

Color TV en masse. £ RUPTURE Regulating The Moving Van. it is important that you PERSONAL A Space Stock Company. Get this HEW FREE BOOK

This New FREE Illustrated Book tells how Rupture can be treated by a mild NON- SURGICAL METHOD and THAT THE color sets are out to you. This is the year when the makers of TV woo TREATMENT is backed by a Lifetime Cer- brands include a model priced at $399.95, and tificate of Assurance. Just about all the major The book explains that, although many Sears, Roebuck has a Japanese -built job that goes way below that. Chances people have not heard of, or have been misinformed about the non-surgical treat- are that as the selling season progresses, you'll see plenty of price jockeying ment, it has a long history of use and is recognized by authorities today. —especially since the discount houses now are beginning to get into the Many men and women from all over the country have taken the NON-SURGICAL color market in earnest. TREATMENT and have reported it has proven effective. Here are some key points to bear in mind when buying a color set: Write today for this New Free Book that tells HOW and explains WHY more and • The latest models have both a UHF and a VHF band (that is, they more sufferers are using MODERN NON- SURGICAL Methods of treating their rup- can pick up channels 2 through 83). tures. Act Now. No obligation. EXCELSIOR MEDICAL CLINIC • The standard tube is round with a 21-in. diameter—except several Dept. E 1140 Excelsior Springs, Mo. Motorola models which have 23-in. rectangles, and the Sears Japanese- made set which has a 16-in. eye. PLAY RIGHT AWAY! • Some of the higher-priced lines now feature "degaussers"—devices Even If You Don't Know | \ a Nofe of Music Now f jyow it's EAsv t0 which permit you to your set's location without disturbing the clarity . move t ment. No boring ex- of the image. ercises. Playreal pieces by notes right away. Amazing progress, at • A variety of service contracts now are available. Check them. home, in spare lime, ;scher. Low Cost! 1.250.000 students. Write for 36-pag FREE BOOK. U. S. School of Music, Studio 468, Port Washington, L. I., N. Y. • As prices go down on the low end of the line, so will the tags in the (Estab. 1898.) Lie, N. Y. State Educa. Dept. Tear out. higher ranges. LEARN MEAT CUTTING Train quickly in 8 short weeks at The millions of Americans who move their households across state lines Toledo for a bright future with security in the vital meat business. Big pay, hereafter will have new, stricter cost protection from the federal govern- full-time Jobs—HAVE A PROFITABLE MARKET OF YOUR OWN! Pay after graduation. Diploma given. Job help. ment. The basic idea is to keep long-haul moving companies from quoting Thousands of successful graduates. Our 41st year! Send now for big, new illustrated FREE catalog. No obligation. G. I. Approved. you fictitiously low prices in a competitive effort to snare your business. NATIONAL SCHOOL OF MEAT CUTTING Dept. A-51. Toledo 4, Ohio On interstate moves, the moving company now must: • Give you an advance estimate in writing, if you request it. TIRED OF WORKING • Notify you, before making delivery, if charges were underestimated FOR SOME ONE ELSE? by 10% or $25, whichever is greater. You may still have to pay the higher Send name tor wonderful Free Book. Shows how to start your business charges; but at least you'll have some leeway to raise the money, and you own in spare time while holding job — how to build. We finance also can let the Interstate Commerce Commission know what happened. you for all but a few hundred dollars. Nat'l. advtg. brings you prestige and work. Write— • Notify you if delivery will be late. GRANT MAUK, 4-198 Duraclean Bldg., Deerfield, Illinois • Increase carrier liability from 30^ to 60^ a lb. (You can buy additional insurance for 50^ per 100 lbs. if you want it.) • Acknowledge and settle claims more quickly. The new rules won't affect moves within state limits, but usually state and local authorities get tougher whenever the federal rules stiffen.

You can get a lesson in both the stock market and the future of space communications if you get a prospectus on the new Communications Satel- lite Corp. (Comsat), now being sold on the over-the-counter market (the offering price was $20).

A "prospectus" is a description of the company, its finances, and its stock. This one is a model of full disclosure. It frankly says that the system §k Borrow BY MAIL established by an Act of Congress, but not run by the U.S. government won't be in full operation until late 1967 and that "no dividends will be *44£'Vr*l,000

f ' Enjoy the things yon want paid . . . for an indeterminate period." NOW with a confidential LOAN-by-MAIL — get any Five million shares are publicly traded (another 5,000,000 are held by amount, $100 to $1,000. Pay back in small monthly installments to fit Cash 24 Monthly 163 communications companies, that, your paycheck. No co-makers. notably AT&T). Remember when ' you Also, Credit Life Insurance is avail- You Get Payments able, at nominal cost, which will pay $100 $ 5.90 trade over-the-counter, your broker is not acting as your agent working the balance of your loan in case of death. No matter where you live, rush this coupon $300 $17.71 for a commission (as is the case when he buys and sells on the big ex- now. Loan Order Blank mailed FREE $500 $28.54 in a plain envelope. No obligation. Actl Cash 30 Monthly changes). Instead, he deals with you as one principal to another. You are, DIAL FINANCE CO., 401 Kittredge Bldg. You Get Payments Dept. 8-092 . Denver. Colorado 80202 in effect, two businessmen who hammer out the ownership of stock at a $800 $36.89 Kittredge Bldg. I DIAL FINANCE CO.. 401 $1,000 $44.89 Dept. 8-092 - Denver. Colorado 80202 no-commission price. | Please rush FREE Loan Order Blank. As for Comsat itself: It will be a sort of international cable system . Name ...... ----- except that instead of cable, satellites out in space will relay the messages. Address-———-"— - — J You'll get a kick out of reading how it will be done. | City Zone., — Amount you want to borrow By Edgar A. Grunwald | t

THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 41 —

HOW TO BUY A DIAMOND —(Continued from page 21)

texture visible either inside the stone or On a plump hand, the pear with the or "memorandum" as this is known in at its surface. point toward the fingertip looks well, and the trade. Many of the bigger diamonds Gems termed perfect or flawless, the makes the finger appear more elongated. are sold this way. As his capital is not Federal Trade Commission says, should A long emerald-cut has the same effect. tied up, a jeweler can afford to cut his reveal none of these defects when ex- On long, slender, tapering fingers the usually sizable markup a bit for a quick, amined under a ten-power magnifier. If marquise, with its lengthy shape but no cash sale of an important stone thus han- the stone is really flawless, the seller will sharp points at the ends, adds a sense of dled. have no objection to your studying it grace. The space between knuckles needs Diamonds may also be purchased through the magnifier and will encourage filling, so length is needed. But points on from the great mail-order houses on a you to do so. the diamond exaggerate the length of the 30-day returnable basis. Worthwhile dia- The cut or make of a diamond is an finger, which in this case needs no exag- monds sometimes are offered by indi- important factor in its beauty and value. geration. viduals or brokers, and are sometimes Make covers the correctness of propor- "If to you want look at precious auctioned to settle estates after the deaths tions, size, symmetry, faceting, finishing of owners. But you should have a labora- and polishing. A well-made stone is al- tory examination or an appraisal or both ways highly polished, has even facets, a before buying an important diamond in narrow girdle, and is of pleasing shape this way. Before buying a diamond on and appearance. credit, you should find out what the Diamonds should be neither too thick credit is going to cost. Beware of high nor too thin. To reflect the maximum pressure salesmen and stores which re- light (this is the fire) a properly cut dia- fuse to guarantee the accuracy of their mond should have 33 facets above the descriptions. girdle and 25 below, which nearly all but the small melees (diamonds cut from nothing to do with supposedly fragments of larger stones) have. The Have smuggled diamonds or other mys- too-thick stone appears dark or sleepy terious bargains and don't try any smug- at the center. Very shallow stones are gling yourself. It is doubtful in the first termed fish-eyed because of their ring place whether you can find good quality of brilliancy around a black and empty diamonds at lower prices abroad than in center. America. While professional American A diamond's brilliance depends upon buyers still go to Europe in search of the number of facets cut and even more stones, European buyers in recent years upon correct proportion and careful fin- also have been coming to America. When ishing. Diamond cuts which may be you buy abroad, you forfeit the advan- called standard because they are so pop- tages of dealing with a responsible, ac- ular are the brilliant (round), emerald-

do I start looking like the countable home firm. If you do find a cut, (oblong or square), and the mar- "When opposite sex?" abroad that you can't resist, de- quise (boat-shaped). diamond clare it and pay the 10% duty. The The brilliant is the most favored. Be- THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE chances are that the solicitous clerk who sides these more standard cuts there are asked about your return arrangements many others, among them: the baguette stones, or colored cloth, you take them when he sold you the stone in Paris, Lon- (slim, straight), the heart and the pear. out into the light of day; and it's by day- don or Amsterdam has notified the cus- The fancy cuts also include the kite, key- light you should judge a woman's face toms people by air mail, in the hope of stone, lozenge, triangle, half-moon, pen- and figure," wrote Ovid, the Roman poet, obtaining an informer award, and they tagon, and briolette. 20 centuries ago in his Art of Love. His will be waiting for you. If you have failed advice is still good for judging the factors to declare it, you will forfeit your stone Cuts and mountings come in such that make up the "total personality" of or pay for it all over again and, in any variety that it is a good idea to let a diamond. case, be in for some acute embarrass- the girl who is expected to wear the dia- Avoid brightly colored walls, build- ment. government rewards inform- mond the rest of her life have some voice ings, or colored glass windows when ex- The ers with 25% of penalties imposed as a in choosing what is appropriate to the amining a diamond. These may reflect result of their information. size and shape of her finger and what is their color into the stone and cause you the unwary take most pleasing to her eye. This usually can to misjudge it. Lighting can make almost Frauds on many be arranged by having a jeweler set aside any diamond appear blue. Blue walls and forms in the diamond field. One of the a selection of attractive stones within blue-tinted lighting in showcases often boldest is the sale of a lesser stone, even the price range that you can afford. Then give this effect. You should look at dia- glass, as a diamond. Though much softer, bring in your lady and let her choose or monds on a white paper or cloth in north the zircon, rhinestone and the compara- help you choose the one. light on a clear day or in equivalent arti- tively new synthetic rutile have some su- The cut of a diamond is an important ficial light. perficial resemblance to the diamond. factor in matching it to the person who'll Probably the best place to buy a dia- Originally rock crystal from the Rhine wear it. For instance, with respect to mond is a jewelry store, or a store with River valley, the rhinestone is now usual- rings, the experts offer the following ad- a jewelry department, known both for ly just glass backed by tinfoil. The zircon vice for getting the diamond that best expertness and fair dealing, perhaps in is a natural stone occurring in several goes with the hand of the wearer: the city where the diamond is to be worn. varieties, some with high—though not so The round (or brilliant) looks well on If you are affluent enough to want bigger high as the diamond—refractive indexes. almost any hand, but, if the hand is large, and better diamonds than your local jew- Some zircons change color when heated. flanking diamonds on either side of the eler normally stocks, he can obtain them Synthetic rutile, an artificial material de- center can improve the sense of balance. for you in a few hours on consignment veloped in the last 1 5 years, actually has

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AU GUST 1964 a higher refractive index (2.61-2.90) mors that synthetic diamonds would Leading jewelers, however, say it is in- than the diamond (2.42). Because it is threaten De Beers' power have so far correct to refer to diamonds as an "in-

chemically titanium dioxide it is called proved baseless. Only tiny stones of investment" in the American meaning of

titania. This is a softer, cheaper material dustrial quality have been made in lab- the word. In the United States, this im-

"with more fire than the diamond" but it oratories. plies an opportunity for income or for

is not any sort of diamond. Secondly, the diamond is popular capital gain or preferably for both of A bold but simple deception is the throughout the world and has been en- these. Except in pleasure and prestige, touching of a stone's culet (the tiny bot- dowed, particularly in the last 80 years, there is no income from a diamond and tom) with a moist indelible pencil. This with such sentiment that the diamond you may have some insurance protection may give an ordinary diamond an attrac- engagement ring has become a custom expense. While diamonds, at least dia- tive but temporary touch of blue. Wash- almost as compulsory as the ancient monds of good quality, can always be

ing detects this and any other attempt to wedding band. Gem-diamond imports sold, there is no assurance of a profit change the coloring with dyes. Off-color into the United States reached a record or even of getting your money back. Dia- diamonds can be given permanent deep- $223 million in 1963 and are continuing mond Jim Brady's famous stones, for ex- er, darker colors by bombardment with at about this annual rate. The trend of ample, came on the market during the almost any of the rays of particles lib- diamond prices has been generally up- depression and were sold for far less than erated in atomic disintegration. The Fed- ward for the last 60 years and De Beers, he paid in his ebullient day. The average eral Trade Commission requires that any which markets about 80% of the world's person usually has to buy his diamond at diamond artificially colored by any diamond output, this year hiked its prices retail and sell it at wholesale—with the

means be so described when offered for for gem diamonds by an average of 10% . usual return on a small stone, owned not sale. So far this is a matter of concern Diamonds are likely to be more negotia- too long, about one-third of what was only in buying diamonds of unusual ble in an emergency, however, than paid for it. Your money will do better in hues. many other kinds of property. a savings account, insurance or in blue- Are diamonds an investment? The an- chip securities. Still diamonds have more swer is both "yes" and "no." Two facts Many European refugees owe both recoverable value than any other article work to support diamond values. One is their lives and their fortunes to of personal use. that a British complex of companies, De diamonds that they were able to take Are diamonds a girl's best friend, as Beers Consolidated Mines, Ltd., and its with them in their flight. Fugitives from the song says? Not in my book. But if sales subsidiaries, virtually control the Castro's Cuba are the latest to attest to well chosen, they are a very pleasant and world's production of diamonds and limit the value of diamonds in grave emer- attractive acquaintance that will brighten sales strictly to current demand or less. gency. Some have been able to realize her life and influence her to brighten the Even Soviet Russia, until recently, sold enough on their diamonds to buy stores life of the man who gives them to her. its diamonds through this complex. Ru- and farm land in Florida. THE END

OFFICIAL AMERICAN LEGION LIFE INSURANCE As a Legionnaire, you can protect your family's well- with a check for $8 for the Full Unit of protection for the being for as little as 14 a day. No medical examination remainder of 1964. That comes to $2 a month. (Or you to take, no forms to complete. Just mail this application can buy a Half Unit for only $4.)

AMOUNT OF INSURANCE APPLICATION for YEARLY RENEWABLE LIFE INSURANCE for MEMBERS of THE AMERICAN LEGION BASED ON AGE* PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS CHECK MUST ACCOMPANY THIS APPLICATION

AGE FULL UNIT HALF UNIT Full Name Birth Date Under 35 $8,000 $4,000 Last First Middle Day Year 35 to 45 4,500 2,250 Permanent Residence 45 to 55 2,200 1,100 Street No. City State 55 to 60 1,200 600 Name of Beneficiary. Relationship to 60 65 800 400 Example: Print "Helen Louise Jones," Not "Mrs. H. L. Jones" 65 to 70 500 250 Membership Card No Year Post No. State _ *After you sign up, your coverage gradu-

ally reduces (as shown in chart), termi- I apply for a Full Unit of insurance at Annual Premium of $24.00 or a Half Unit at $12.00 nating at Age 70. The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of

this application:

IMPORTANT 1. Present occupation? Are you now actively working?

If in you reside New York, North Yes No If No, give reason. Carolina, Ohio, Texas, Wisconsin, Illi- nois, New Jersey or Puerto Rico, do 2. Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Yes Q If Yes, give date, length not use this form. Instead, write to American Legion Life Insurance Plan, of stay and cause P.O. Box 5609, Chicago, Illinois 3. Do you now have, or during the past five years have you had, heart disease, lung disease, cancer, 60680, for plan description and correct application forms. If your appli- diabetes or any other serious illness? No Yes If Yes, give dates and details cation is not accepted, your premium will be refunded.

I represent that, to the best of my knowledge, all statements and answers recorded on this application

are true and complete. I agree that this application shall be a part of any insurance granted upon it under

the policy. I authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may attend or examine me, to disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired. MAIL TO: AMERICAN LEGION LIFE Signature of INSURANCE PLAN, P.O. BOX 5609, Dated 19 Applicant CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60680 OCCIDENTAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA, Home Office: Los Angeles GMA-300-6 ED. 5-63

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 43 BOOKS i

Describing these investigations and the routes as Gaptain Cook— retracing Cook's Five Conventions Revisited scientists who use jungles as their research steps in the South Pacific— brings those laboratories, the author reports on success- 18th century voyages to life in this chronicle. BALLOTS & BANDWAGONS, by ful explorations which have brought new Ralph G. Martin, hand mcnally & co., cures or treatment for diseases, and describes edited $5.95. A Way Home, by James Saxon some of tiic sources we may tap for medical Childers. and love; holt, rine- I h is book recalls the Republic an conven- tupper cures in tomorrow's world. tions of 1900, 1912, 1920, and the Demo- HART & WINSTON, $3.95. collection of essays by prominent Bap- cratic conventions of 1932 and 1950. The A tists which tell their story, including their Our National Guard's Story beliefs, teachings, history and record of community service. THE MINUTE MAN IN PEACE & AVAR, by Jim Dan Hill, stackpole co., Peace Is a Three-Edged Sword, by Lloyd $6. This story-like history of America's Or- Mallan. prentice-hall, inc., $4.95. ganized Militia, whose modern counterpart A study of the checks and counterchecks, protect us is the National Guard, starts with colonial electronic and human, which times and moves through the years and from full-scale war by accident, madness or American military engagements up to the hysteria. U.S. military reorganization plan of 1963. The Militia's role during our nation's Black Champion— The Life and Times major wars; the new military concepts of Jack Johnson, by Finis Farr. charles which have affected it; its scuffles with the scribner's sons, $4.95. Regular Army for recognition of services The successes and failures in the life of Demonstrating for candidates. rendered: its .struggles against ever-renewed Jack Johnson, the first Negro to win the threats of either incorporation into a Fed- championship, are author shows that no matter how well world's heavyweight eral Volunteer Militia or of abolishment; planned a convention may be and how tied recalled. the emergence of state Militia crews down the votes look, everything can be up Naval in the Spanish-American War, and of the for grabs when the human element enters France and Germany—The Legacy of early interest shown by some Guardsmen in the convention hall and bandwagon fever Charlemagne, by Rene Lauret. henry aeronautics, resulting in the establishment takes over. regnery co., $4.95. of Guard aviation units are among the sub- Arriving just in time for the current elec- A refutation of the theory that France jects included in this work. tion year, Mr. Martin's book captures the and Germany are hereditary enemies, which An interesting sidelight is provided by tension, excitement, color, bargaining, the writer feels is based more on propa- glimpses of government's es- bickering, double-dealing, high -minded ness, our defense ganda and recent events than on historical tablishment in its relations with the Guard frustration, humor and greatness that are fact. heart and sold of an American convention. over the years. The Madison Avenue Speech Book, by Lenin: Compulsive The Revolutionary, Alan Koehler. mcgraw-hill co., $3.95. by Stefan T. Possony. henry regnery co., New Drugs from Plants Advice for those who hate to make S7.95. speeches, and must; amusingly presented. GREEN MEDICINE, by Margaret B. A biographical stuclv of Lenin, detailing Kreig. rand mcnally co., $5.95. events surrounding his rise to power and A search for new drugs that can be de- the consolidation of the Soviet system under Rapid Vocabulary Builder, by Norman rived from growing plants or developed from his leadership. Lewis, macfadden-bartell, paperback, active constituents in plants began with IH- \V\V2 and has gained momentum since that A guide to a better vocabulary and cor- An American Epic, by Herbert Hoover. time. rect pronunciation of words, with interesting HENRY REGNERY CO., S7.50. According to this analysis of modern explanations of the precise meanings of In this 4th volume, Mr. Hoover tells the ". day botanical research, . . of the 300 some wortls. story of America's food relief efforts from 1939 to 1903 on behalf of the starving peoples of the world. Ohio Scenes and Citizens, by Crace Goulder. world publishing co., $5.95. people who have come from Ohio The Captive Sea, by Craig Phillips. Famous their contributions to the American CHILTON BOOKS, $6.50. and Aquariums and their deep-sea inhabitants scene. are under discussion in this lavishly illustrated book. Four Against Everest, by Woodrow Wil- son Sayre. prentice-hall, $5.95. The World's Warships, by Raymond V. The adventures of four amateur moun- the B. Blackmail, doubleday co., $3.95. taineers who tried to climb to the top of A compilation of the latest information world, the peak of Mt. Everest. and photos of modern warships of the world, arranged in categories for speedy The Coming of the Whirlwind, by Con- reference. stantine Brown, henry regnery co., $4.95. Management and the Marketing Revolu- Memoirs of a foreign correspondent, as tion, by E. B. Weiss, mcgraw-hill co., he saw Europe and the world from 1914 to $7.95. 1952. A witch doctor with "headache plant." An analysis of marketing changes and new trends in major consumer-goods fields. million new prescriptions written last year View from the Dugout, by Eel Richter. CHILTON BOOKS, $3.95. (19(33) , over 47 per cent contained a drug of natural origin as the sole active ingredi- The Golden Haze, by Roderick Cameron. Baseball as it is planned and played by ent or as one of two or more main in- world publishing co., $6.95. the Phillies under manager Gene Mauch. gredients." The author, who has traveled the same GSH

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • / 3UST 1964 — —

RED CHINA VERSUS THE WORLD (Continued from page 13) and often against one another. They do was again splitting considerable strength But China's main bid in these coun- Russia or China, and in away from the pro-Moscow leadership tries has been made with smiles and not trust either Australia the few African countries where there of S. A. Dange, especially in Bengal. money. She bought wheat from is a Communist Party about eight in Together with the still-active Menon, the last year and has steadily expanded trade — its leaders are usually in jail. But pro-Chinese communists in India kept and other contacts with Japan. Trade all— African nations take Chinese and Prime Minister Nehru from allowing a this year is expected to reach $200 mil- the Russian money and other help, and use Voice of America transmitter to be built, lion, and may go to $500 million eventu- it leverage against Britain and the though he accepted quietly-shipped-in ally. A Chinese representative to the as United States. military equipment from both the Soviet Tokyo Fair in April proclaimed "peace Union and the United States. in Asia and the world"—meaning Chi- "peace." There is also talk of among these new Afri- Meanwhile, the short, well-executed nese-style Outstanding an exchange of correspondents and of can heads is Algerian President Chinese war against India had its sober- an airline service. If Communist Ahmed Ben Bella. Moscow and Peking ing effects on China-haters throughout opening his since China is admitted to the United Nations, have been competing for favor the rest of Asia. It was grim news to Japan will probably recognize her diplo- 1958, when the Chinese recognized his Burma and Thailand, and it served to National Liberation Front (FLN), then move Pakistan away from the West matically. Summing up China's earning of favor still in rebellion against France. When toward China. Pakistan hates India and in Asia, it has captured every Asiatic Ben Bella came to power after receiving was infuriated when the West supplied Communist Party except those in India independence from France in 1962, he arms for India's defense. She turned to and Australia, which it has split in two. proclaimed, "The Revolution goes on." Peking for talks about her borders. Its shadow falls heavily on every country, Though the Soviets, out of deference to Pakistan belongs to both American- until 1962 to recognize one of which—Pakistan—it has all but France, waited backed alliances, SEATO and the Cen- succeeded in pulling away from its West- him, Ben Bella has thus far favored them tral Treaty Organization in the Middle ern alliances. Through trade and diplo- over China. He signed the test ban treaty East. Her shift of sympathies has already macy it is invading Japan and Australia, and accepted $227 million in loans and been felt in a sharp drop of Pakistani also allies of the West. And it is prose- technical assistance from Moscow- support for United States attempts to cuting a devastating war in South Viet- much more than Peking could match. get more Asian help for the South nam in which the entire world prestige He went to Russia as guest of honor on Vietnamese. of the United States is at stake. May Day, 1964, wearing his "Order of Lenin" medal even while Algerian com- smaller neighbor, Ceylon, has India's Africa munists still languished in prison back also felt the backlash. Since the fight- In December 1963, Chinese Premier home. (He also has nearly half a billion ing stopped on the China-India border Chou En-lai began an unprecedented dollars in French credits and takes U.S. Ceylon has tried to mediate the quarrel, good will tour of ten African countries. surplus food.) urging that China keep at least some of Nevertheless, Ben Bella's natural sym- she grabbed India. what had of In Janu- pathies are far closer to China's than to ary the morocco/^- 1964, pro-Chinese elements in J> Moscow's or France's, and he recently Ceylon's Communist Party called a 1 tUR. announced a planned personal visit to congress at which they deposed the .>-.<"s^ is to Latin- { China. His ambition organize pro-Russian leaders. is Moscow now American terrorists from Cuba, Vene- **" ]fnm T represented by a minority. zuela and other scenes of violence, along India's protectorate in the Himalayas, with African revolutionists, into a "broad Bhutan, is also under Chinese pressure. anti-imperialist front." Algerian guer- Peking agents backed Bhutanese rebels rillas were trained in Cuba during the who assassinated their Prime Minister fighting against France and Ben Bella in April. If they succeed in controlling has close personal ties with Fidel Castro Bhutan, India's entire defense structure and "Che" Guevara. sou X1 ,lSm m in the mountains will collapse. ft T Ben Bella has put Algeria into several In Japan and the Australasian coun- communist fronts, like the Afro-Asian tries, Chinese tactics have been different. Solidarity Conference and the Interna- MALAGASY Both the Japanese and the New Zealand .-'SMITH T tional Organization of Journalists. Both mm REP - Communist Parties are now pro-Chinese, are headed by Moscow-directed com- while a strong pro-Peking faction was Inset map No. 4 from page 11. munists, but the Chinese have been wag- recently expelled by the Australian coming war on Soviet control from within munists. Chinese communist sentiment On the way, he signed a "peace and them. At the meeting of the AASC in is most important in Japan. Japan has friendship" declaration in Algeria, talked Moshi, Tanganyika, last year, China a large, militant left-wing student move- about economic development in Egypt loosed an appeal to colored peoples to ment, the Zengakuren, and it is heavily and Ethiopia, and won diplomatic rec- unite against the whites everywhere influenced by the communists. It has ognition for China in Tunisia. Then, including the Russians. Moscow pro- fought for abolition of U.S. military when the tour ended in February 1964, tested this "Nazi racism." But the Al- bases in Japan, thrown eggs at former Chou announced, "Revolutionary pros- gerians' own revolutionary ambitions Vice President Nixon and caused former pects are excellent throughout Africa." compel them to recognize the force of President Eisenhower to cancel his own Most of the African heads of govern- racist appeals among African revolu- trip to Japan. Though unsuccessful so ment to whom Chou talked came to tionaries at lower levels. far, communists in Japan have compelled power through revolutions, most con- As a result, Chinese influence has been the other parties to walk warily in de- sider themselves revolutionists still, most rising slowly but steadily throughout fending Japan's alliance with the United are eager to promote revolutions against Africa, though it is not ready to dis- States. remaining white-ruled African areas (Continued on page 46)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 45 RED CHINA VERSUS THE WORLD wholly over to Peking, several have split Prestes was under fire from radicals (Continued from page 45) and all the others have dissident pro- in the Party who wanted him to make China factions that keep the pro-Mos- war on the government, not cooperate possess the Soviets or take over large cow bosses under constant pressure for with it. The radicals were stimulated by areas as it has in Asia. The high-water more militant action than Russia is pres- deep peasant discontent in the country's mark, thus far, has been the little island ently calling for. wretchedly poor northeast, where Fran- of Zanzibar, where Cuban-trained revo- The pipeline from Red China to Latin cisco Juliao had organized militant lutionaries headed by three leaders—one America lies through Cuba. As former "Peasant Leagues" aimed at seizing land of whom was a pro-Chinese communist U.S. Asst. Secy. of"State Edwin Martin and distributing it among the peasants Abdul Rahman Mohammed named by force. Juliao i* an open admirer of put it, "Castro's stomach is in Moscow Babu—overthrew the pro-British Arab Fidel Castro. but his heart is in Peking." Khrushchev government in January 1964. But the has kept Castro from joining his Chinese Tanganyikans, frightened by the spread 1961, the Brazilian Communist soul mates only by buying him off with In of insurgency from Zanzibar to their Party expelled six of the radicals, led economic and military aid that runs to shores, moved behind Babu's back to by Joao Amazonas and Mauricio Gra- $ 1 million a day. But Cuba has not signed absorb Zanzibar—with Moscow's quiet bois. In February 1963, the expellees set the test ban treaty, Castro has treated connivance, it is said. While this cut up a rival "Communist Party of Brazil," his pro-Khrushchev "advisers" roughly, down the Chinese position, Babu was with a pro-Chinese allegiance. They and his trusted aide, "Che" Guevara, has made a member of the new Tanganyika- carried on a campaign against the Goul- made no secret of his admiration for Zanzibar Cabinet along with his Mos- art regime until the 1964 overthrow Mao Tse-tung. Guevara's handbook of cow-oriented communist colleague, drove all Brazilian communists into hid- Abdullah Kassim Hanga. Though '"mod- ing. They can be expected to wage guer-

erate" and "neutral," the new Tangan- .« DOMINICAN REP. rilla warfare against the new Brazilian yika-Zanzibar government has had to government, supplied with arms and yield to communist demands that the tactical advice from their Chinese com- United States remove its Mercury space- munist mentors. tracking station from Zanzibar, and has Ecuador has also seen the rise of agreed to keep up diplomatic relations strong pro-Chinese elements within its with Communist East Germany. Communist Party. When Ecuador fol- The Chinese have also attained power lowed the U.S. lead and broke relations in the rebel undergrounds that are try- with Cuba in April 1962, her pro-Chi- ing to oust Portugal from its colonies of nese communists came to the fore, de- Angola and Mozambique. In January manding that the Party go over to a 1964, rebel leader Holden Roberto an- line favoring violent revolution along nounced that his Angolan National Lib- Castroite lines. In June 1963, Jose Maria eration Front would accept aid from fAcmc Roura, a Panama-born communist living OCEAN China, and, in April, it joined forces with in Ecuador, was arrested when he re- the China-led radical group of Viriato ATLANTIC turned from Communist China with OCEAN da Cruz. This was a blow to the West, $25,000 and an arsenal of propaganda. which had regarded Roberto as a "mod- 5 At the same time, Manuel Araujo Hi- erate" it could safely back. dalgo, the recognized leader of Castroite Inset map No. 5 from page 10. Peking's hand is in the Congo and in forces in Ecuador, went into hiding. But Kenya, as well. Pierre Mulele, who has in the following month, a military junta been terrorizing the interior provinces of guerrilla tactics, widely used throughout led a coup against President Arosemena, the Congo, was trained in Peking. He Latin America in subversive campaigns, and only the subsequent arrest of most has succeeded the assassinated Patrice is an adaptation of Mao's own books. of the known Ecuadorian communists Lumumba and the jailed Antoine Gi- The Castro "image" is therefore in- prevented the establishment of a power- zenga as the leader of Congo com- separable from the Chinese in Latin ful pro-Chinese Communist Party. munists. In Kenya, Home Minister America. While there is no formal alli- Chinese-Castroite communism was Oginga Odinga has been taking money ance between the two, Castro and China even less successful in Venezuela, where from China for several years, though he have blended into one symbol for every the terrorist Armed Force of National is not officially a Party member. Latin American communist impatient Liberation (FALN) blew up oil fields

Chinese communism is not numeri- with Moscow's slower and less violent and made several attempts to kill then cally significant in Africa. There are no methods. The Castro-Chinese offensive President Betancourt. The FALN aim

more than 50,000 communists in all the has lost some of its earlier appeal. It has was to prevent an election and to force organized Parties. But it has an influ- produced results in Brazil and Ecuador. the country into another military dic- ence far beyond that in areas like trade, It is stopped, for the moment at least, in tatorship. The attempt failed, although aid, ideological effect on the men in Venezuela. It has important reserve Betancourt's stern countermeasures al- power, and in the places where revolu- power in British Guiana, Peru, Mexico ienated some of his political moderate

tions are still to come. That influence and Colombia. support. is certain to grow larger in the future. Brazil's communists, estimated at be- The campaign split Venezuela's com- tween 25,000 and 100,000 (they once munists down the middle. The older Latin America numbered 200,000), have long been led leaders stayed with Moscow's less ag- In Latin America, the Chinese have by Luis Carlos Prestes, a follower of gressive line, but younger firebrands turned two factors to their own advan- Khrushchev and his tactic of "peaceful" under Castro's influence have taken con- tage: a network of Communist Parties penetration. Prestes was a backer of trol of local communist machines and already well established, and a wave of former Brazilian President Goulart, who refused to accept Party discipline. This new revolutionary ferment taking Fidel had led Brazil to the brink of com- gives Red China a base in Venezuela for Castro as its hero. Though none of the munism before a military junta over- further extremist measures in Latin 21 Latin Communist Parties has gone threw him in April 1964. America.

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 "

British Guiana, ruled by self-described the hosts of some wild-swinging melees "Marxist" Cheddi Jagan, is another between the Chinese and Soviet factions. EAT ANYTHING "possible" for Castro-Chinese mischief. Not even de Gaulle's recognition of Red WITH FALSE TEETH Jagan himself is opportunist enough to China has stopped the pro-Pekingites be willing to try a milder line, but his from demanding a return to "purer" EASY TO USE STRIPS radicals, led by his wife, American-born Leninist principles of violent revolution Janet Jagan, have pushed him into vio- against the government. lent strikes in which they are burning The Italian communists under Palmiro cane fields, bridges and other installa- Togliatti have been under even severer Trouble with loose plates that slip, rock or cause tions. Jagan has received economic help pressures. Togliatti is a loyal Khrushchev sore gums? Try Brimms Plasti-Liner. One application makes plates fit snugly without powder, paste Castro, and Guiana could be an- too, but he's told Moscow bluntly from backer, or cushions. Brimms Plasti - Liner adheres perma- nently to your plate; ends the bother of temporary other "Cuba" once the British give it that if it comes to an expulsion show- applications. With plates held firmly by Plasti-Liner, independence. Washington has urged down with Peking he may not be able YOU CAN EAT ANYTHING! Simply lay soft strip of Plasti-Liner on troublesome upper or lower. until Jagan's non- London to hold off to hold the Italian Party together. There Bite and it molds perfectly. Easy to use, tasteless, odorless, harmless to you and your plates. Remova- communist opponents can muster is a pro-Chinese opposition group of ble as directed. Money-hack guarantee. At your drug enough political power to render him Italian communists forming around a counter. $1.50 reliner for 1 plate:$2.50,for 2 plates. Plasti-Liner, Inc., Dept. P-78, 107 5 Main Street, if harmless. But a Labor Government, doctor from Padua. This group pub- Buffalo 9, New York. elected in Britain this fall, may not wait lished a revolutionary "manifesto" last BRIMMS PLASTI-LINER THE PERMANENT DENTURE RELINER for that. year. There is also an "Italo-Chinese Latin American democratic reformers Friendship Association" which has 18 CABms,TE found it hard enough working against centers, a membership of about 18,000, COLORADO $495.. Full half acre. $15 reactionaries and the Moscow-led com- and a journal for pro-Chinese com- I Pikes Peak, only down, $15 monthly. Roads, surveyed, ready find it even cabin. Ideal vaca- munists in the past. They will munists called Ritorniamo a Lenin (Re- . now for your own mountain

! retreat. Famous fishing, hunting, sports area. rises among Hon harder as Chinese influence turn to Lenin). TWO-YEAR MONEY BACK INSPECTION re- Write the militants who prefer turmoil to Rome is a particularly important com- GUARANTEE ! FREE color brochure. FLORIDA-COLORADO ACRES, Dept. A12 | form, and taking shots at "Yankee im- center because it is the point of munist 126 S.E. 2nd St., Miami, Florida. admisiwh-:m perialism" to laboring to end poverty contact for the Red Parties of Tunisia, and backwardness. Algeria and the United Arab Republic, as well as those in Latin America. and aches of leg Western Europe and the United States I Are you miserable with pain ulcers, swelling, itch, rash due to deep venous After France and Italy, the most I Chinese communism has not captured I congestion or leg swelling of bulged veins or in- substantial European pro-Chinese rebel I juries? Find out about proven VISCOSE that use. Money-back the or North American I works as you walk. Easy to any of European is in Belgium. Led by Jacques faction I guaranteed trial. Send for FREE BOOK today. has it tried parties, except Albania's, nor Grippa (a former Secretary of the Com- |L. e. viscose company to. In fact, Red China is far more in- munist Party Federation expelled for his 100 W. Chicago Ave., Chicago 10, III. channels with terested in opening trade opposition to the Soviet Line) and by CONSULTANT Britain, France, West Germany and the EARN becTAX Henri Glisseur (a co-founder of the Our students earn lucrative fees in 3 month busy tax season preparing income others than in subverting or taking them Belgian Party) this faction more! Communist tax returns in spare time—and operate over. profitable Business Tax Service yielding steady its party last December. founded own monthly fees of $10-$50 per client, year round. Enjoy professional standing in dignified full or part Every Communist Party in Free Eu- It publishes Verite (The Truth) and La time home-office business. No experience necessary. start. Write rope and North America is pro-Moscow is an important center for all of Red We train you at home and help you today for free literature. No agent will call. Licensed in its leadership, but each has its "China China's friends in Western Europe. by N. Y. Education Dept. National Tax Training School, Monsey Q-17, N. Y. Lobby." This has been a significant The other European Parties have their OUTFIT STARTS YOU IN factor in restraining Khrushchev from pro-China communist dissidents also. FREE big MONO SHOE BUSINESS! pushing his expulsion plans against the Sweden has had a small "Swedish Com- Run your own profitable 'shoe store' Chinese to the limit. munist Workers Federation" for eight business from home in spare or full We give you—FREE— com- largest Parties in time. The two Communist years. Austrian rebels, led by a journal- plete Starting Outfit that makes EXTRA each month Western Europe, in France and Italy, ist named Bruno Frei, puts out a bulletin you $217.00 for just 2 easy orders a day. You are especially torn by the conflict. The called Rote Fahne (Red Flag) and a feature 275 fast-selling dress, sport, work shoe styles for men French, led by pro-communist bosses, pro-Peking in Switzer- group western and women. Air-cushion shoes, many other special features! EEEE. Draw on 300,000 favor expelling the Chinese from the land has started one entitled L'Etincelle Sizes 2

RED CHINA VERSUS THE WORLD He has tried to whip his own farmers West German "militarism" was being (Continued from page 47) into producing as the Chinese have done. exaggerated by Moscow propaganda. But Ulbricht is a wily politician who has This is a prime example of the growing one is called "Hammer and Steel" and survived for a long time, and he knows Chinese skill and flexibility in world there is a "Progressive Labor Move- affairs. At a stroke, it threatens both ment" whose members have teamed up Khrushchev and the United States at a with pacifists and non-communist leftists point of high sensitivity for both (Ger- to urge United States withdrawal from many), while taking advantage of Pe- the war in Vietnam. king's new diplomatic ties with France Eastern Europe and her expanding trade ties with West Germany. The tide of Chinese communism has even reached into Khrushchev's own East European parties farthest preserves in the satellite bloc in Eastern The away from Peking are those in Po- Europe. land and Hungary. Since 1956, both have First to be affected was Albania, which enjoyed new measures of freedom from gradually broke with Moscow in the late Moscow coercion, and they want to keep 1950's. Now the nation itself, right it that way. Neither wants to be under across the Adriatic from Italy, is part a Peking-run International—nor a Mos- of the Chinese "International," tied to cow-run one. Both, therefore, have been Peking, like North Korea and North among those most reluctant to have the Vietnam. Albania is primitive economi- Inset map No. 6 from page 11. Si no-Soviet split go to a final breakup. cally, like China. Its leaders rule with They want to keep the quarrel going the kind of police repression that has any leader and he cannot defy Moscow rather than have any solution to it. been greatly softened in the rest of the get away with it. He still opposes any Inside the Soviet Union itself, there satellites since Stalin's death in 1953. move to expel Peking from the world is no organized pro-Chinese group. Albania hates her neighbor, Yugoslavia, communist movement, but he has tact- Khrushchev has accused former Party one more reason why she turned against fully joined the chorus of denunciation leaders Molotov. Malenkov and Kagan- Khrushchev, who has had good relations against Peking. This has brought him ovitch of being pro-Chinese, but this is with Yugoslavia since 1955. under pressure from some East German misleading. These men are anti-Khrush- None of the other Soviet satellites communists who believe Khrushchev's chev, and might cooperate with the Chi- has followed Albania out of the Moscow policies toward West Germany are too nese in getting rid of him if that were orbit, although Rumania has taken some mild, and blame Ulbricht for going along possible, but that would be to assert their steps in that direction. The Rumanians with them. own leadership, not to pass it over to have hung back farthest from supporting The crack in the East German Party China. Khrushchev in his fight with Peking, not will get deeper if Peking's latest experi- None of the pro-Chinese sentiment because they admire the Chinese brand ment goes much farther. The Chinese that exists in the Soviet-satellite bloc is of communism but because they profit have proposed that both East and West presently strong enough to openly from maneuvering for advantage be- Germany get together, even claiming in threaten Khrushchev's hold on power. It tween Moscow and Peking and a final the red-front World Peace Council that split would rob them of that advantage. remains an unknown force to be heard if other latent anti-Khrushchev The Rumanians are resisting Khrush- from chev's plans for "specializing" the differ- factions unite against him—the army ent communist countries economically. marshals, the rival Party bosses, the Their part would be to raise food and economic planners, for example, or other raw materials, and they are am- when he retires or dies. bitious to become industrialized. Their is clear right nowis that Red turn toward Peking is therefore mainly What to keep Khrushchev from imposing his China has very real influence will on them. even if not always from motives of on every continent. She is In three other satellites—Bulgaria. friendship— Czechoslovakia and East Germany skillfully cultivating it with an eye to tick economic here, there is actual sympathy for the Chinese, what makes others — political though it cannot come to the surface. ideological there, military here, These are the countries whose top leaders there. She has placed a small dynamite have not changed since Stalin's day, and stick within most of the Communist which still are run with a greater degree Parties in the world by successfully ap- of terror than Poland, Hungary and the pealing to the most violent factions in USSR itself. The Bulgarians once ex- them. In her own bailiwick she is the pressed admiration for the Chinese com- world power, and the communist power. munes—those giant human anthill-farms Small wonder that Mr. Suslov's pro- where family life is almost abolished, posal that she be thrown out of the everyone works 16 hours a day and lives world communist movement by the ac- in barracks. Khrushchev very quickly tion of a meeting failed. Aided and silenced them. nursed in Asia by Soviet communism in The East Germans once expressed her infancy, Red China has become too "Time to come in, dear—the sun is slowly admiration for real in the world to be legislated out of the communes, too, but sinking behind your tummy! have stopped it since 1960. East German existence. There is a slight smell of panic Party boss Walter Ulbricht is one of the in the usually practical Soviets suggesting harshest of the old-line "Stalinist" chiefs. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE such a course. the end

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 THE BLACK TOM EXPLOSION (Continued from page 15) which kept the Western Front aflame. pier was, at best, casual. Only six railroad fire-fighting equipment included a horse- Cargo ships, lighters, barges and tugs detectives and two more from a private drawn pumper, a gasoline-driven "hook- bearing several short —many loaded with explosives—buzzed agency wandered the ill-lit labyrinth of and-ladder," around it like so many giant bees about warehouses, box cars and sidings. No lengths of ladder, and a reel of hose. Two a honeycomb. Captain Rintelen stood gate sealed off the area. No pass system middle-aged, obviously volunteer fire- there staring at this spectacle of feverish would trouble an intruder. men lugged a cumbersome container of activity, like a fox having come upon a To wander about the pier, one had some kind of chemicals. henhouse. only to keep in the shadows. With all "What's the matter?" one of the latter "What an ideal pier to destroy," he the warehouses, railroad cars and barges, two wheezed, as they set down their was to admit reflecting. there were plenty of shadows. The pier burden. The "Dark Invader," as he liked to was a lurker's dream. The guards paused, drew fresh think of himself, had, however, finished The stillness of the night was disturbed breaths, then continued running. his invasion. But his wish was to be only by the troublesome drone of mil- granted by others who were to rub the lions of mosquitoes. They were so bad Meanwhile, in nearby Bayonne, a magic lamp of sudden and all-consuming that the guards had lighted smudge pots, New Jersey port of warehouses, destruction: the war's greatest single act again in defiance of regulations, and hud- gas and oil tanks, and tenement housing, of sabotage. dled about them. They hoped the smoke the Czechoslovakian landlady of one of would discourage the murderous insects. many 50-cents-a-night rooming houses, July 29, 1916, was a sultry Saturday Saturday night turned into Sunday Mrs. Anna Rushnak, stirred uneasily in night. The longshoremen had gone morning. The mosquitoes did not aban- her sleep, then awoke. home. The switching engines, their fires don their assault, merely waited, with Was it something in her subconscious cooling, stood silent on the sidings of ever-mounting appetites, on the perime- or was it that strange boarder of hers? Black Tom Pier. In nearly 100 freight ters of the smoke screen. The eight His name was Michael Kristoff, distantly cars awaiting unloading, in barges and watchmen did not choose to leave the related to her, a tall, slim young man of in already half-cargoed freighters, was a smouldering pots. 23. His odd hours had become a matter bumper crop, even by Black Tom's At 2:45 a.m., tongues of flame sud- of increasing concern to the elderly standards, of somewhere between 2 and denly shot up from one of the loaded woman, ranging as they did over the 4 million pounds of explosives. There cars. Simultaneously, another blaze was entire day and night. were all types, from small arms ammuni- noticed on the barge Johnson 17. At this early Sunday morning hour, tion to deadly TNT in bulk. No one ever The guards, realizing that Black Tom Mrs. Rushnak became especially curious knew exactly how much ammunition or Pier was no place for fires, started run- as to his whereabouts. The hall light was the types of ammunition that were stored ning, although one had the presence of burning. He hadn't come in before she at Black Tom at any given moment. mind to flip the switch on a fire alarm retired to bed. One especially "sensitive" vessel was before he continued. In these times when "spies" and the barge Johnson 17, moored tight They pounded down the thickly creo- "agents" might do just about anything, against the pier, in blatant violation of soted planking of the long dock, across one couldn't be too careful. And one safety laws. It was heavy with 100,000 the midway bit of grubby earth and sand would do well to be suspicious of any- pounds of TNT and 417 cases of deto- known as Black Tom Island, and onto one, even a relative. She wondered if nating fuses. the Jersey shore and Communipaw. They she shouldn't speak to her daughter, Mrs. Security regulations were yawned at, almost collided head-on with the first Lulu Chapman, about him? Kristoff had and the actual policing of this lengthy firemen to arrive at the pierhead. The also boarded with Lulu. She was still awake as the old French clock on the mantel chimed 2 o'clock. There weren't many more minutes—just about eight, by the count, before this landlady's world started disintegrating. At 2:08 a.m. the house shook as though an earthquake's focal point were

directly below. The heavens lit up, and roared. There was a pause of seconds, then a second clap of mighty thunder. Mrs. Rushnak pulled the sheets over her head and commenced to pray. Millions of other residents within a radius of 50 miles of Black Tom Pier, mortally terrified, were also praying. In Manhattan, Staten Island and Brooklyn and along a 15-mile stretch of the Jersey shore, men, women and children were tossed casually out of their beds. Panes of glass were atomized in tens of thousands of homes. In all of lower Manhat- tan hardly a window was left in any building, including the skyscrapers. Patrons stepping out of night clubs in New York City were brusquely hurled back against the doors by a hot, power- (Continued on page 50)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 49 THE BLACK TOM EXPLOSION edge of his bed, running and rerunning Other former German agents, among (Continued from page 49) his fingers through his tousled shock of them Kurt Jahnke and Lothar Witzke, reddish hair, mumbling, "What I do? though now out of the country, were ful blast pulsing across the bay. Scores What I do?" nonetheless located and questioned. The Philadelphia housewives, 90 miles of Mrs. Rushnak did not attempt to ques- two, described as "one of the deadliest away, raised up from their pillows to ask tion him, but hurried to the home of Mrs. teams in history," had apparently done their husbands in shaky apprehension, Chapman, her daughter. Together they much of the work of actually secreting "What was that?" called on an old friend, Capt. John J. Rintelen's pencil bombs on outgoing Conscious of "'a rumbling of thunder," Rigney, of the Bayonne Police, telling ships. thousands of people in the greater New him of their suspicions. Mrs. Chapman Interviewed in South America (and York area rushed out into the streets, recalled "he had a habit of going away later in China), Witzke was voluble or Still clad in pajamas nightgowns. from time to time, and everywhere he enough since he was beyond the reach others held their ears, punished by a went there was an explosion." When he of any prosecution. Of course, he said, "deafening roar," while stepping ginger- came home, he always seemed to have he "did the work in New Jersey with ly in bare feet over fragmented window "plenty of money." Jahnke when the munitions barges were glass. Once, the younger lady had found an blown up and the pier wrecked." He In Jersey City, where the skies were opened letter in his room, written by added that the two were nearly drowned the a saffron hue, one witness described Kristoff, addressed to someone named by the waves following the first blast. holocaust as an "American Verdun. "Graentnor," demanding "more money." Further investigation showed that two Bombs soared into the air and burst a Kristoff was arrested. He told a semi- of the pier guards had been on the Ger- thousand feet above the harbor into ter- coherent story of working for a man mans' payroll and that Kristoff, an "in- rible yellow. Shrapnel peppered the brick named Graentnor, carrying suitcases for termediary," had asked them to relax walls of the warehouses, plowed the him. He thought these suitcases con- their vigilance. planks of the pier and rained down upon tained blueprints of factories and waters." the hissing bridges, maybe books and money as well. Not until 1930, however, did the On Ellis Island, close by the scene of Investigators looked up Kristoff's case seem finally clinched when the blast, the Immigration Station was background. He had been born in Slo- Paul Hilken, a naturalized American liv- battered and pocked. Newly-arrived im- vakia, a subject of Austria-Hungary. He ing in Baltimore, admitted having been migrants were led out of their dormi- came to America in 1899 and had "paymaster" for a number of German tories only to be covered with hot cinders worked at the Tidewater Oil Plant, near agents. One of them, "Graentnor," al- raining down from the heavens. On the Black Tom, just before the explosion. He ready alluded to by Kristoff, also used same island, 90 whimpering patients could offer no alibi for his whereabouts the name Max Hinch. were hastily removed from a government the night of the explosion. Even so, he The trail that led to Hilken's confes- hospital for the insane. was released as "insane but harmless." sion was a damning message written in The explosions, in diminishing key, He then enlisted in the U.S. Army. a copy of Blue Book magazine, of Jan- kept up until dawn. It was not until Mon- Soon, Americans everywhere were do- uary 1917. The message was written in day afternoon that the harbor area had ing the same thing. Provocations, includ- lemon juice, producing an ink that was calmed down and the last spirals of ing the explosion, in January 1917, at a invisible until heated. smoke had dissipated. Black Tom was munitions plant at Kingsland, N.J., final- The note was found on page 636, gone completely. There wasn't a trace ly led to United States entry into the war among the lines of the novelette, "The of the pier, the warehouses, the cars or in Europe. Yukon Trail." Citing Black Tom Ter- locomotives, the barges or even of Black Black Tom was overridden in the pub- minal by name, the message told Hilken Tom Island itself. All were gone, re- lic mind by greater concerns of the mo- that "Kristoff, Wolfgang and that Ho- claimed by the sullen, shallow waters ment. boken bunch" were to be paid, and was of the bay. After the Armistice there were many signed "Hinch." Hinch, or Graentnor, corporations, primarily the Lehigh Val- was a shadowy figure who was never No one could accurately assess the ley Railroad, and individuals damaged found. physical extent of the loss, or even by the Black Tom explosion and other The Mixed Claims Commission de- set a price tag, though $20 million be- disasters, who wanted redress, if possible. cided, at last, that there must have been came a generally accepted guess. Loss of A Mixed Claims Commission, composed "foul play" behind the Black Tom explo- life, however, was singularly low: a rail- of one American, one German and an sion. Understandably, no one would ever road guard, a policeman and a child "umpire," was appointed to investigate know whether it was actually Kristoff, thrown from its crib in Jersey City. The all of the "incidents" prior to April 1917. Jahnke, Witzke, Graentnor, Hilken, one fourth, whose body was washed ashore Black Tom's trail led, inescapably, of the guards or possibly someone else six weeks later, was the captain of the back to Kristoff. Discharged from the who was the principal saboteur. Who Johnson 17. Army, he was found in an Albany, N.Y., lighted a fuse or tossed the first match

What had happened? An accident? jail, serving a sentence for theft. He ad- or magnesium flare? The answer to this One of the detectives admitted lighting mitted he had worked in the Germans' question was obviously at rest in one the smudge pots. Two of them were im- employ for "a few weeks," but offered or more graves. The commission agreed, mediately arrested, then released when it nothing conclusive. however, that $50 million, the greatest was realized that the pots were an un- Released, he was followed until he amount of damages in history for a case likely trigger for the massive explosion. turned up in jail again, for a minor of- of this kind, should be apportioned Mrs. Rushnak, however, thought two fense. Ultimately, in 1928, the off-and-on among the plaintiffs. and two made four. When the explosions pursuit of Kristoff ended in a potter's Yet, it was not until 1939 that the finally subsided and dawn reddened the field on Staten Island. There a corpse awards were actually made—when the pall of smoke on the eastern horizon, she was exhumed, with papers identifying it Germans, under even worse leadership, stepped cautiously out of bed, over the as Kristoff. Teeth impressions failed, were again upsetting the world's status broken glass from every one of her win- however, to match those in Army dental quo. There would be trouble once again dows, and tiptoed to Kristoff's room. records. Was this or wasn't this Kristoff's in the United States, but this time, at She found him, dressed, sitting on the body? least, no Black Toms. the end

50 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • A GUST 1964 YOU TOO CAN MAKE $1,000 EVERY MONTH! HOW THIS COUPON LED TO

6,345 BUSINESS IN LESS THAN 2 MONTHS! ALFRED W. WALTER, Florida Read this Secret of Selling, Then CASH IN FOR YOURSELF NASCAR Champion Alfred W. Walter mailed this coupon. In Less than 2 months, he re- LEE PETTY ordered over 500 dozen units of VX-6, made more money in a month than many men make in a year. Without any knowledge or experience Lee Petty, racing champion and winner of Daytona "500 in cars, his FREE palm-sized Electrical Demonstration Unit closed Mile" uses VX-6 in his racing sales in 30 seconds flat. cars, personal car and even in his farm equipment "I wouldn't Proved In His Own Oldsmobile drive without VX-6, and I'm "I tried VX-6 first in my own Oldsmo- stations, department stores and indus- glad to testify to this fact to bile. Results were so amazing that I trial users. the motorists of America." ordered a trial shipment of 3 dozen units, "My palm-sized Electronic Demonstra- started selling friends, then found that tor does my selling for me. The most- LABORATORY TESTED it was just as easy to sell volume users fantastic, convincing selling device I such as farmers, taxis, used car dealers, have ever seen — easily worth $20,000 local governments, boat owners, service a year to me in sales and profits." 64 Million Reasons Why You Should Answer This Ad There are over 67 million cars on Your story is as simple as that, the road. Over 3 million already and these facts are something use VX-6, leaving you a fantastic that can't be resisted by any mo- MORE THAN 3.000.000 ALREADY SOLD and responsive market. One ap- torist with a battery in his car to various departments and divisions of plication at only $2.98 is all that and a brain in his head. • U. S. Government and The Armed Forces is needed for the life of the car. • A & P, Canada Dry, Chrysler Corp., Coca Cola, Scientific General Electric, General Mills, General FREE! NEW Electronic DEMONSTRATOR! Motors, National Dairy, Pan-American Air- Engineered exclusively by National Dynamics, ways and thousands of other business firms this mighty midget sales-maker nestles in the • AND OVER 3 MILLION PRIVATE DRIVERS! palm of your hand . . . works a small miracle before the prospect's eyes! Put the prongs in any FREE SALES KIT glass of water . . . nothing will happen! Then add VX-6 (instantly creating electronic conductivity through the water.) THE BULB LIGHTS UP.

IN JUST 30 SECONDS you have presented PROOF POSITIVE that VX-6 WORKS ... yet it WILL NOT HARM battery! You get this palm-size wonder- worker FREE with your first order! When The Bulb Lights, The Sale Is Made! SEEING IS BELIEVING "Yes, one actual demonstration Run the battery down completely beats a mouth-ful of words." You until it is so weak the lights can PROVE how VX-6 works, barely glow. Now turn off the NO EXPERIENCE NEEDED right before your very eyes. If light switch. Wait 3 minutes. Every car of any kind, any year, model or con« your battery won't even hold .a Switch on the ignition and turn dition needs VX-6 protection. One application into (or step ) the starter. The bat- is all that is needed for the life of the car, charge, put one unit of VX-6 on and immediately old batteries spring: back to it as directed, THEN TORTURE tery with VX-6 in it will start the life. Even new batteries are kept free of sul- phation so that they start at their peak of TEST the battery like this. Turn car with a surge of power IT performance always. Sell friends, neighbors, on lights, step on starter, BUT REGAINED IN THOSE FEW delivery trucks, fleet cabs, company cars and local governments. A single call can mean mul- DO NOT TURN ON IGNITION. MINUTES. tiple sales that pay off in hundreds of dollars. IT Sales Guaranteed or Money Refunded THEY'RE DOING EVERY DAY Carl Roberts t .ee Yes, this is the offer that National Dynamics California .... makes you! Send coupon below for the free, Every Month Part Time complete VX-6 Sales Kit, big earnings plan, 0 illustrated literature—everything you need to fcSho". '*..... $1,554.00 get started at once making good money in your In Only One Week v area PLUS INFORMATION ON HOW TO GET e $7,079.00 YOUR FREE ELECTRONIC DEMONSTRA- T&ar?"'. . :. TOR. 6 Months Carl Roberts Mass!**' $53,139.28 Calif

.$23,894.55 NATIONAL DYNAMICS, Dept. AL-8 Virgfnia . . . . . 220 East 23 St., New York 10, New York New $15,890.30 In One Year Only Send me free information on how to get Peter Janzen *- 0 Bee n * Illinois $2,955.84 started making big money with VX-6 right 6 Mos. Part Time Selling This Year Sold With Our away, plus the NEW 1964 National Dynamics C. Strombuck c1 ecn eo Ohio $l,b53.SZ Sales Kit. MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE 3 Months Part Time NAME , NATIONAL DYNAMICS ADDRESS- 220 East 23 St., Dept. AL-8 New York 10. New York CITY _20NE_ _STATE_

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 51 — —

SHOOTING FOR STAY-AT-HOMES because home-range shooting is on the (Continued from page 25) increase, but at present we must depend on imports from England, Italy and Ger- driven and hand types, are available, and store and cost about a half-cent apiece. many. Their continuing popularity in Mossberg offers one which is attached to To simplify their loading, the manufac- these countries, where shooters felt the the gun barrel so the shooter can release turer of the wax offers a complete kit population squeeze long before it became his clay pigeon and then fire the shot out which contains a tool for pushing out a problem over here and where shooting to shatter it. the fired primer and another for squeez- time and space is even more limited than In the belief that shooters represent as ing the new one in place. Exclusive of in the United States, is understandable. big a business potential as bowlers, a the kit price, your bill for this kind of

recently established company is now of- shooting is less than a penny a shot. tiny cartridges have very fering equipment which permits an op- You can load these wax bullets in the These short cases which require that each erator to set up indoor trapshooting complete range of calibers from the .218 be loaded as a single-shot, and they use ranges using .22 caliber shotguns. The Bee through the more common sizes such no powder; their bullets are propelled by clay birds are thrown from an automatic as the .222 Remington, .220 Swift, .270, the priming material only, that in this cabinet which can be controlled by the .30/06 and .35 Remington, up to the case is mounted inside the rim and as in shooter, and a coin-operated dispenser elephant-stopper bore—the .458 Win- all rim-fire types, can't be reloaded. The supplies ammunition. These ranges, larger cartridge in length is the CB, hav- called Auto-Trap-Shoots, require areas ing a bullet similar to that of the conven- 60 feet long with each "lane" ten feet tional .22 Short. exception is the wide, a far cry from a conventional trap An Italian-made which has a smaller range which requires acres. CB pointed bullet. The BB Caps have 18- To permit wingshooting in limited grain round pellets. Recently, there's areas, owners of large-caliber handguns been an addition to this mini-cartridge can use the same tiny pellets that come group the German Z22 Long Rifle. It in .22 caliber shotshells. This calls for — is similar to the others, but its .22 Short special cartridges reloaded with the tiny bullet is loaded in a standard Long pellets, but obtaining these is no prob- Rifle case rather than in a very short lem. Your local gun dealer can probably case. This standard Long Rifle case aids supply you with them, or you can make in making it fit more exactly .22 match them yourself, loading the shot charge guns, for increased accuracy. between two small copper caps called "gas checks." In the larger calibers these But the accuracy of even the smallest loads are surprisingly effective, even of these powder puff loads isn't bad. The though the rifled barrel causes the pellets CB's will group in Vs of an inch or less at feet. The BB Caps will do even to disperse. Their effectiveness is due to 50 the large quantity of pellets that can be better Vi inch at the same distance, is sharp. for packed into the cases. A .38 case, for ex- when your shooting eye As pine ample, holds almost 800 of the No. 12 "What's for dinner?" power, they'll penetrate a one-inch board. A backstop for your indoor range pellets, and a .44 Magnum holds almost THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE problem, however; a card- 1,000. Such handgun shotshells are, in presents no carton with old magazines fact, an old standby of carnival "sharp- Chester. Also, all the center-fire handgun board packed the job. the noise level? shooters" who perform such tricks as calibers are included. will do And with all primer- breaking balloon and clay targets while For living room shooting, a cardboard Just a cap-pistol snap as is about sighting with mirrors or when shooting carton with a double layer of canvas powered cartridges. The price l 1 cents for the BB Cap, 1 Vi cents for blindfolded. These "sharpshooters" sim- draped over its back and will serve as a A cents for the ply have to shoot close to the target and target trap to stop the wax bullets. Hang the CB and 1% Z22. rifles and hand- the wide shot pattern breaks it. your targets over the open front of the The pellet guns, both the and Thanks to a recent development, it is carton. Then fire away. There will be no guns, offer good sport to indoor possible for the owner of a handgun or noise, smoke or danger, and the cost backyard shooter. They've come a long a hunting rifle to turn his living room will be nominal. There's little or no bore way from the old Daisy air rifle (which into a target range and shoot with safety fouling because there is no heat from wasn't really a rifle at all but a smooth- and with no more noise than that of a burning powder or from bore friction bore) that we played with as youngsters, toy cap pistol. Such shooting can be to melt the wax; the bullet velocities are and even the familiar Daisy has grown done with an accuracy at 25 feet that extremely low. Any wax that does linger up. compares with a rifle's accuracy with on the rifling can be removed easily with There are three types of pellet guns

regular loads at 100 yards. This is made a swab of gun-cleaning solvent. Inci- you should know about: ( 1 ) the spring-

possible by a material which is a mixture dentally, since most autoloading and re- compression air gun (like the old Daisy, of several high-grade paraffins that make peating rifles won't feed cartridges such but fancier), in which a strong spring is wax bullets. Called Accra-Wax, it comes as these—without protruding bullets compressed by a lever, so that when the in blocks, and you stamp the bullets from from the magazine to the firing chamber, gun is fired the spring moves a plunger

it with the open mouth of your fired car- it may be necessary to load them one at in a cylinder, causing a blast of air which tridge, like cutting cookies. As a propel- a time as with a single-shot rifle. drives out the pellet; (2) the compressed- lant you use no powder but just the You can also "load down" your .22 air or pneumatic gun, in which air is

primer. The primer, a little cup-like de- rifle or handgun to make it suitable for compressed into a storage cylinder by a vice ordinarily located in the center of parlor shooting. This is made possible hand pump built into the gun and is re- the base of the center-fire cartridge, is by two little cartridges commercially leased behind the pellet when the trigger

used to supply the flash to ignite the pow- available in any store that sells ammuni- is pulled; and (3) the gas gun, or C0 2 der charge in conventional high-powered tion—the .22 caliber BB Caps and CB gun, using compressed carbon dioxide shooting. Caps. American ammo makers used to gas, some of which, for each shot, is Primers can be obtained in any gun supply them and undoubtedly will again drawn from a small, replaceable, charged

52 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 cylinder and is used to propel the bullet. The pellets themselves are made in various designs for several calibers. The MY ZOYSIA GRASS BB gun, of course, uses round, lead or steel BB-size shot, but the most accurate pellet for .177 caliber and .22 caliber rifles is elongated, with a hollow base CUTS YOUR WORK, and a flared skirt which takes the rifling most efficiently, and more effectively seals back the propelling air or gas so SAVES YOU MONEY that none leaks by. An exception is the Sheridan gun which is .20 caliber and Meyer 1-52 Zoysia Grass Was Perfected By uses a pointed conical lead pellet. The U.S. Govt. • Approved By U. S. Golf Assoc. Evaluated briefly, the spring-type gun By Mike Senkiw, Agronomist, is the least satisfactory. Its power is lim- Plant Now—It's Perfect Amazoy Weather! Zoysia Farm Nurseries ited by the strength of its spring and its When I figured up how much our old accuracy is affected by the motion of IMMEDIATE DELIVERY lawn cost us, I was staggered. Spring the spring which occurs at the moment meant spending money for lawn seed, No Need To Rip Out Your Present of firing and causes vibration and a kind weed-killers and fertilizers. Summer Grass, Amazoy Drives It Out. meant fighting to keep our grass green of recoil. The CO , rifled type is accurate, Plug It In Old Lawn Or New Ground thru hot dry spells. but is limited in power by the pressure 1. No waste, no sod to cut, no seeds to fail. It was sprinkler off, sprinkler on . . . Amazoy comes in fresh, 3 square inch of its cylinder gas. of charged For great- mowing and crabgrass killers. There was plugs of living grass especially grown er power some models, such as the Cros- no end to it! for transplanting. Every plug taken from ground under supervision of our I about to I man 160, use two gas cylinders. The was ready give up, when agronomist. heard about Meyer Zoysia Grass, the greatest advantage of the CO,, gun is that 2. Set pre-cut plugs into hole in ground grass perfected S. Govt, agrono- by U. like putting cork into a bottle. Plant 1 it uses only a small amount of its gas for mists and praised by turf experts coast foot apart, checkerboard pattern. Easy planting each shot and so can be made as a fast to coast. I plugged in this grass and those instruction with order. repeater. The compressed-air gun, how- plugs grew into a beautiful lawn that 3. Plugs spread to cover area with thick,, continually saves us work and money. beautiful grass. No more ugly brown or ever, is not only accurate but its power bare spots due to heat or drought. Experience shows that Amazoy will do is limited only by the number of pump- the same for you. Your Own Supply Of Plug Transplants ing strokes the shooter is capable of sup- CHOKES OUT CRABGRASS Your established turf provides you with- plying to its storage cylinder. It is capa- Your Amazoy lawn stays green in spite Zyosia plugs for other areas if you so desire. plugged ble of driving a pellet at 750 feet per of heat and drought. It laughs at water The area grows over solidly bans. It chokes out crabgrass and weeds all again, providing a convenient supply of second muzzle velocity. Its disadvantage summer long. It resists attacks by insects plugs whenever you want them. and diseases. ' is that it must be pumped from six to Work Less, Worry Less, Spend Less eight times for each shot. NEVER NEEDS REPLACEMENT Your Amazoy lawn grows so thick and On Your Lawn rich, resists footwear, cookouts, lawn The National Rifle Association has it * Perfect for problem areas (banks, slopes, play lurniture and children's play. Yet under- recognized the popularity of these pellet foot it's like a thick pile carpet so resistant areas, pool areas, etc.) it never needs replacement. * • guns, and has instituted a "25-Foot Won't winter kill Cuts mowing % * Stays green through droughts and heat Shooting Program" for adults as well as LAUGHS AT WATER BANS It saves time and money in many ways. * Cuts cost of watering, weeding, mowing and juniors. It won't winterkill — has survived temps. fertilizing 30° below zero. Goes off its green color * Resists after killing frosts, regains new beauty blight, insects, diseases There's even another gun we can every Spring — a true perennial. It ends * Resists lawn furniture, cookouts, playground the need for crabgrass killers. Fertilizing punishment use for shooting indoors, if they push and watering (water costs money too) are rarely it ever needed. Cuts pushing a mower "Why put up with a lawn you must coddle T us hard enough. This one was to be ex- under a blazing summer sun by %. There's A lawn that turns to hay when you want it costly chemicals that most? Decide to pected in our electronic age. Actually it no need for can enjoy a GREEN weed-free endanger wildlife, pets and children. lawn all summer and Save Money Too! is an adaptation of the variety used com- " ZOYSIA GRASSES PROVEN NO. 1 1 mercially in amusement parks. It's a ray Dept.275, ZOYSIA FARMS IN DURABILITY gun—no recoil, completely soundless, no Reisterstown 6414 Rd., Boltimore 15, Md. S trajectory—and completely harmless be- BY LARGEST U.S. UNIVERSITY 80 Boylston St., Boston 16, Moss. America's largest university tested 13 333 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago 1, III. cause it shoots bullets infra- not but an leading grasses lor resistance to foot traf- Please ship following order: red heat ray. It uses three small batteries fic, wheel damage, etc. Special paddle- wheels smashed the grass; spiked rollers Full Size Plugger $4.95 and a flashlight bulb. When its trigger is ripped and tore its blades. Result: The grasses most praised by turf 100 Plugs 6.95 pulled, an instantaneous beam of light, experts, the Zoysia Grasses, (Matrella and 100 Plugs & Plugger 9.95 concentrated by a lens in the barrel, is meyeri species) led all others in resistance. 200 Plugs 11.20 No Risk, Every Amazoy Plug 200 Plugs 8. Plugger 13.75 projected toward the target. When it hits 300 Plugs & Plugger 17.75 the target's bull's-eye photoelectric cell, GUARANTEED 600 Plugs & Plugger 27.95 Perfect For Problem Areas a bell rings. Since this cell is sensitive — 1100 Plugs & Plugger (F.O.B. Md.) 39.95 only to the heat wave lengths (infra-red Whether you have poor soil, sub-soil even sandy waterfront soil — you're as- If you live East of Rocky Mts. add 75c per 100 portion) of the projected beam, the setup sured lawn beauty and success with plugs. If you live WEST of Rocky Mts., add $1.50 Amazoy. Every Plug must grow within 45 per 100 plugs and we pay shipping charges. can be shaded and used in full daylight. days or we replace FREE — entirely at our Otherwise omit handling charges and we ship risk and expense. Since you know we're Express charge collect. Do NOT enclose handling Recommended range is up to 50 feet. hardly in business for the fun of it, you chgs. on 1100 plug orders, shipped only F.O.B. this grass has to be every- Maryland Nursery Farm. So there are still plenty of opportuni- ^ know thing we say. I enclose check money order cash ties for us shooters. The shooting may I PATENTED MB^yMBH WITH not be the ear-splitting, shoulder-shock- I STEP-ON klfr(ik LARGER NAME ing kind we've been used to in the past, Full-size plugger is "wonderful ADDRESS but it's still a lot of fun. And it will make for planting, invaluable for trans- for better shooting when we do get the planting and other garden work as CITY it clears away unwanted growth as chance to shoot in the wide open spaces. It digs holes for the plugs. $4.95 ZONE STATE separately or FREE with large THE END i order. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 53 —

THE ' This section is presented IN THE C~U II as a lllll J service PRIVACY

\nl tlsers - BORROW LEGION \F 1 I \# I Im AH Products are sold with $100 TO &1000byXC£ PAYMENTS AS LOW AS $5.61 MONTHLY depending on amount borrowed CASH WAN1 This confidential Borrow-By-Mail per- Amount 14 Monlhli sonal plan provides cash for any of Loan Payment*

purpose. Borrow in complete privacy $100 $ 5 61 by mail no matter where you live. S300 $16.83 Borrow on your good name only. No $500 $27.73 endorsers, no agents will call, no • mount 30 Monthly red tape, just fast service. Repay of loan Payments in convenient monthly payments to $800 $36 33 fit your needs. Details sent in plain $1000 $44.39 envelope. No obligation. Inquire now!

' 50 \1 ^Budget Finance Co., Dept. MB 104

| 317 So. 20th, Omaha, Nebr. I Name SUMMER SALE on folding table with stain- SLIPPING EYEGLASSES? Eliminate annoy- Address resistant sandalwood finished top, ano- ance of pushing them up. Ear-Loks, soft, dized aluminum moulding. Formed steel elastic tabs keep glasses snug-fitting. No City_ . State. I channel frame & automatic-locking ped- more fussing with sliding glasses. For J^Age. Occupation. estal leg assemblies finished in baked-on men, women, children, 590 a pair, 2 pairs brown enamel. Only $26.30 F.O.B. $1.00. DORSAY PRODUCTS. Dept. A-8, 200 30"x96" size; 30" ht. Any quantity to Sept. W. 57th Street, New York 19, N. Y. 15, 1964. THE MONROE CO., 69 Church St., Colfax, Iowa.

RUSH REPLY. Get this spectacular FREE collection of 100 different stamps — new issues, new countries, pictorials, commemoratives, multi-colors — from the MOVIE CAMERA '4.40 world over. Get new issues shown PLUS colorful Green- land, Thailand, Singapore, Maldive, many others. SAVE UP TO 46% on '64 model chrome BUY BELOW WHOLESALE. Hundreds daz- Weird animals, strange birds, fierce naiives. Send today zling exciting for this valuable FREE collection, other stamp offers plated, folding wheel chairs. Brakes, up- overseas bargains open big for approval. Enclose 100 handling. holstered arms, deluxe features. Easy pay- profit home business. Free book shows be- GARCELONSTAMPCO., Dept. 8ALX. Calais, Maine ment plan—less than rental fees. We'll ginners how to start full or spare time quote without obligation, & all other con- without experience or product investment. valescent aids. VITAMIN-QUOTA, Dept. Write for "How to Import and Export." A-269, 880 Broadway, New York 3, N. Y. or MELLINGER CO., Dept. M308F, 1554 S. Dept. A-269, 1125 S. Crenshaw Blvd., Los Sepulveda, Los Angeles 25, Calif. Angeles 19, Calif.

500 ZIP CODE LABELS - 50c Start using the new Zip code numbers on your return address labels. Any name, address and Zip code beautifully printed in black on crisp white gummed paper. Rich gold trim. Up to 4 lines. 2" long. Set of 500 labels in plastic box, 50c. Ppd. Fast service. Money-back guarantee. If you don't know the correct Zip code number, just add 10c per set and we will look it up for any address. Same fast service. 2" BATTERY RE-CHARGER . . . operates from BE ALMOST TALLER in seconds! Use Send for free catalog. any electric outlet—Safe, UL approved. new Height Increase Pads in any pair of 5508 " 3 Drake Bld Recharge "D," "C," penlite, and 9 V Tran- shoes. Cloudy-comfortable felt and foam \A7ahorVVHlltjr riraVe*UlatLa s- Colorado Springs, Colo. 80901 sistor batteries. 4 d iff. sizes recharged at rubber (invisible); switch in and out of all once— Put in, close lid, starts. 1-4 bat- shoes. State shoe size. $2.95 pair, ppd. teries re-charged for less than 10. Com- HUDSON INDUSTRIES, Dept. AL-84, 550 plete only $5.95 ppd. EMPIRE, Dept. AL, Fifth Ave., New York 36, N. Y. 140 Marbledale Rd., Tuckahoe, N. Y.

KEEP CESSPOOL TROUBLE AWAY

SLIM-master for that slim youthful look Takes years off your figure in seconds! Pulls stomach up and in. Wide, no-roll abdominal ROACH BAIT tablets kill roaches, crickets SEPTIC TANK TROUBLES? — Reactivator panel. Flat, foam rubber back pad supports and water bugs. Rids home of pests with- keeps septic tank and cesspool clean, pre- back, eases minor aches & pains of back- out spraying. Use indoors or out. Non-in- vents overflow, back-up, odors, saves cost- strain. Unique design prevents riding or slip- jurious to people and pets when used as ly pumping or digging. Just mix dry pow- ping. Cool mesh detachable pouch. An amaz- directed. Special, 120 Bait Tablets—$1. der in water, flush. Non-poisonous, non- ing value at $5.98. Send waist size. Guaran- ppd. Guaranteed. Cash, check or M.O. to: caustic. 6 months' supply $2.95, or full teed to slim your appearance or money back MARGO, LTD., Dept. K, P.O. Box 2264, year's supply $5.50, ppd. Northel, Dept. if returned postpaid within 30 days. Add 25c Culver City, Calif. AL-8, Box 1103, Minneapolis, Minn., 55440 postage. PIPER BRACE, Department. AL-84A, 811 Wyandotte, Kansas City, Mo.

54 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 a money-back guarantee. When order-, ing, please allow a reasonable amount of time for handling and shipping. The AMERICAN LEGION CLASSIFIED

For rates, write to Classified, Inc.

100 E. Ohio St, Chicago 11, Illinois

MONEY MAKING OPPORTUNITIES OF INTEREST TO WOMEN INVESTIGATE FIRES, STORM DAMAGE, ACCIDENTS HOME TYPING-$75 Weekly is Possible! Details, $1.00. COMPANIES-Pays to $1,000 a Research Enterp rises, 29-FBX Samoset Road Mass. FOR INSURANCE up , Woburn, month, part or full time. No college necessary. Car furnished; OF INTEREST TO MEN expense paid. We train you at home in spare time. Keep ALL present job until ready to switch. Pick your location. Men BRAND NAME Men's products. Confidential wholesale price list Distributor badly needed now. Full information FREE. Write Liberty 10*. Sales, Box 6041-AB, Kansas City, Mo. 64110. School, Dept. C-955, 1139 W. Park, Libertyville, Illinois. MAKE MONEY WRITING Short Paragraphs. Information Free, Barrett, Dept. C324-V, 6216 N. Clark, Chicago 26. SELL Advertising book matches. Write us today: we put you REAL ESTATE PERMANENT MATCH . . . Guaranteed to in business by return mail; handling complete line ad book CANADIAN VACATION LANDS: Full price $385.00. 40 acres, light up to 10,000 times. Pull out of case matches in demand by every business right in your town I No $10 month. Suitable cottage sites, hunting, fishing, investment. strike on side— it's lit; replace—it's ex investment; everything furnished freel Top commissions Free information. Land Corporation, 3768-F Bathurst, Downs- tinguished. Lights in any weather. Has ring daily! Superior Match, Dept. JX-864, 7530 S. Greenwood, view, Ontario, Canada. to attach to key chain. 1%" high, feather Chicago, III. 60619. SONGPOEMS-MUSIC light construction. 2 $1 EARN BIG MONEY repairing electrical appliancesl Learn in metal Only 590; — POEMS NEEDED for songs. Rush poems. Crown Music, spare time at home. FREE BOOK. Christy Trades School, EMPIRE, Dept. AL, 140 Marbledale Rd. 49-AM West 32, New York 1. 3214 W. Lawrence, Dept. A-8H, Chicago 60625. Tuckahoe, N. Y. Forty DeMoulin Bros. LEGION BAND UNIFORMS. Excel- BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES lent condition. Alan Roos, Kenney, Illinois. INVESTIGATE ACCIDENTS— Earn $950 to $1,600 monthly. SPORTS-FISHING-HUNTING urgently needed. Car furnished. Business expenses paid. Men FREE PICTURE FOLDER "Profitable Fishbait Growing." Pick own location. Investigate full time. Or earn $6.44 hour job Fain's Bait, Box 56AB, Edison, Georgia. spare time. Write for Free Information. Universal, CA-8,

6801 H illcrest, Dallas 5 , Texas . HOBBIES MAIL ORDER MERCHANDISE that sells -repeats. Gen- MAGNETIC ENGINE, 4000 RPM, 10 parts. Guaranteed erous profits. Orders drop shipped. New offer sent each month assembly kit 51 .00. PONTIN PRODUCTS, 3234 So. Hudson, for one year. Literature imprinted in your name. Details free. Seattle 8, Washin gton. General Enterprises, Box 303, Island Park, New York. LIVE SEAHORSES, marine specimens, aquarium supplies. "How To Establish Your Own Successful Mail Order Busi- Illustrated catalo g 15;!. Box 626 -115, Dania, Florida. ness," new information packed, 24 page booklet free, Direct INVENTIONS WANTED Mail Guides, lnc.,QM-C8, 4227Herschel Building, Dallas, Tex. INVENTORS — If you have an invention for sale, patented or Dealerships available to aggressive SELL CB EQUIPMENT— unpatented, write for free brochure outlining manufacturer's sell Citizens Band radio full or part time. Knox people who can requirements, royalty rates. Kessler Corporation, C-368, Electronic, Dept . 974, Galesburg, Illinois, 61401. Fremont, Ohio. FREE BOOK "990 Successful, Little-Known Businesses." INVENTIONS wanted: patented, unpatented. Global Market- Plymouth-738H, Brooklyn 4, Ne w York. Work home! ing Service, 2420-L 77th, Oakland 5, California. HOME MAILORDER BUSINESS— Raising fishworms and COINS-MONEY crickets. Free literature. Carter Gardens, Plains, Georgia. $11,750 REWARD for certain coins. Pennies, Nickels, Dimes, AGENTS WANTED Quarters that you may even have in your daily change pay from $250.00 to $35,000.00. Send $1.00 for valuable Coin STOP STOOPING, sagging shoulders with BEAUTY DEMONSTRATORS-To $5.00 hour demonstrating famous Hollywood Cosmetics, your neighborhood. For Catalog. Money Back Guarantee. Best Values Co., Dept. amazing new Pi Peer Shoulder Brace. Pro- free samples, details, write Studio Girl, Dept. 56C47, Glen- A-898M, 285 Market Street, Newa rk, New Jersey. vides evenly distributed support. Venti- dale, California. STAMPS lated-for-comfort 3-ply material. Softly MAKE EXTRA MONEY— show friends, neighbors— Gifts, KENNEDY STAMP FREE! U. S. Dollar Stamps, Columbus padded arm bands. Can't be detected un- Stationery, Christmas— All Occasion Cards. Experience un- Issue, Pony Express, All Genuine and FREE! Send 10* for der light clothing. Give measure around necessary. Salable Samples on approval, Free Catalog, Free mailing. Empire Stamp Corp., Dept. MA, Toronto, Canada. chest. For men, women. $4.95 ppd. PIPER Name Imprinted Christmas Card Album. HEDENKAMP, HYPNOTISM 361 Broadway, Dept. AL-14, New York. BRACE, Dept. AL-84H, 811 Wyandotte, SLEEP-LEARNING-HYPNOTISM! Strange catalog free! Kansas City 5, Mo. 64105 SALESMEN WANTED Research Association, Box 24-MX, Olympia, Washington. MAKE BIG MONEY taking orders for Stark DWARF Fruit PERSONAL-MISCELLANEOUS Trees. Everybody can now grow Giant Size Apples, Peaches, BORROW $1,233.00 AIRMAIL! Repay $54 for twenty-nine Pears in their yards. Also Shade Trees, Shrubs, Vines, Roses, months. State licensed. Postal Finance, Dept. 87-P, Kansas etc. Outfit FREE. Stark Bro's, Desk 30185, Louisiana, Mo. City 1, Missouri. $320 A WEEK— Immediate opening. Call on churches, clubs, THEATRICAL COSTUMES; Rubber, Leather, Satin, etc. civic organizations with guaranteed money making plan. Must Illustrated Brochure $1.00, deductible first order. OLYMPIA, travel, car necessary. We train you in the field demonstrating 126-QM, Brooklyn 18, New York. how you can earn commissions of $320 and more weekly. Also opening for area salesmanager. Write Personnel Manager, ADVERTISERS-AGENCIES Dept. QM, Women's Clubs Publishing Co., 323 S. Franklin YOU ARE READING the Classified Section of one of the Street, Chicago, Illinois 60606. Nation's most responsive markets. These Classified ads are SELL ADVERTISING MATCHBOOKS to local businesses. shopped by millions of people who respond to Opportunity. For No experience needed— powerful sales kit free. Part, full- details write CLASSIFIED, Dept. A-9, 100 East Ohio St., time. Match Corporation of America, Dept. EX-84, Chicago 32. Chicago 11, Illinois.

CORNS, CALLOUSES, WARTS disappear or money back. First application of Alro Salve banishes pain and swelling, soon causes over ONE MILLION sold! these hard to remove growths to disappear. Do not suffer another day, try Alro Salve without risking a cent. Send $1.00 plus 300 hdlg. chg. to ALRO, 1149 Park Ave., Dept. AL-7, Glendale 5, Calif.

invisible swim aid QUALITY Such SAFE Comfort for Reducible Inguinal • Folding and ( > Monroe RUPTURE! HON -SWIMMERS Stacking Chairs FOLDING TABLES Rupture-Gard makes • Storage Trucks Churches, schools, clubs, you more comfortable • Risers and Stages SWIM INSTANTLY lodges your organization, two ways — in body, • Room Partitions — because no pressure Yes, now, you too can swim like a fish the easy, safe too, can order modern erips you—in mind, be- way — FAST — and join the water fun. New, unique, Monroe Folding Tables at cause rupture feels so 4 oz. device, 1/25" thin, worn HIDDEN under reg. bath- our direct - from - factory, safely supported! Kup- ing suit or trunks, floats you at ease, with little money-saving prices! Com- ture-Gard is suspended swim from the waist. Double effort, is comfortable all day. No more fear of deep plete stock of models, pad of firm molded foam water, adjust, buoyancy makes anyone unsinkable. Poor styles and sizes. Attrac- rubber holds rupture like a swimmers look like champions, nonswimmers swim tive savings on chairs, hands Eair of —moves with quickly and easily. Order your original, invisible storage trucks, partitions, ody, no matter how sharply "SWIM-EZY"® today, lasts for years. Made in U.S. pats, risers, etc. Send today for you move. Washable; adjustable as trouser-belt. 30-day trial; money-back guarantee. Order today pend. Send only $7.95 ppd. plus 32c tax in Calif. FREE 40-page catalog! —$'J.95 plus 250 postage—just give waist measure. 10 day trial guar. STATE WAIST SIZE and SEX. Airmail THE KINLEN CO., Dept. AL-84W add 42c. Beware of poor imitations. SWIM-EZY Mfr., THE MONROE CO. 809 Wyandotte, Kansas City, Mo. 2245 N.Lake Ave., Dept. T-384; Altadena, Calif. 91001. 69 Church St., Colfax, Iowa THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 55 FOR WHAT IT'S WORTH The biggest example of waste I can think

of is a smile on the face of a girl with a PARTING forty inch bust wearing a bikini. Lloyd Byers

CAMPAIGN ORATOR Beneath that pompous, postured air, SHOTS The flowing, unctuous diction, The courtly mane of silver hair, The "struggling boyhood" fiction, The studied show of gleaming tooth, The phrases hackneyed and worn, There lies, of course, a grain of truth; It's corn. Betty Billipp

JINGLE JANGLE Very few people can say goodbye in twenty-five words or less. Jack Herbert

MEOW! Above reproach is Milady's station And of course it's the -state she prefers, But she does enjoy a bad reputation Someone else's, not hers! May Richstone

TAX TALK People talk of nuisance taxes as if there were some other kind. Dan Bennett-

"Ask her if she's got a friend." Fair ENOUGH You're nice. You're sweet; But can't compete "THE DEMOCRATIC WAY" With any "Femme Fatale". Although you stack The first grade children were having a wonderful time playing with Right well, you lack a stray cat. After a while, one little boy asked the teacher if it was a Doll. "boy" cat or a "girl" cat. Not wishing to get involved in that particular What makes a Glamor it is true subject, the teacher evaded the question by saying she didn't believe she And could tell. Your likeness to "I know how we can find out," said the boy. A movie star is scant; "All right," said the teacher, resigning herself to the inevitable. "How But you're my dish, for, anyway, can we find out?" Though you are not a Doris Day, "We can vote," said the child. Well—I'M no Cary Grant! Berton Braley Lucille J. Goodyear

DOGGONE A wife told a psychiatrist that her husband, a dog lover, had become so addicted to the breed that he now imagined himself to be a dog. "Don't worry," the psychiatrist told her. "It's nothing serious." "I'm not so sure of that," the wife replied. "He's already won three blue ribbons." John Winters Fleming

GRANDMA WAS A HALFBACK While standing on the subway platform one evening during the rush

hour, I noticed a husky youth wearing a tattered blue jersey with white numerals on the back. Spotting a small, gray-haired old lady about to join the pushing, shoving mob into the subway, he went over to her and offered, gallantly, "Follow me into the next train ma'am. I'll block for you." "Thank you, young man," she replied, with a determined twinkle in her eye. "I shall he going off-tackle!" Michael H. Anderson

MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE A couple who could not afford a baby sitter took their two-year-old with them to the movie. They were warned by the manager that if the child made a noise they would be asked to leave, and their money refunded. Near the end of the second feature, the wife whispered, "What do you think of the picture?" "Terrible," said the husband. "I suppose if we ever do get a four-hour "Okay," she returned, "pinch the baby!" work day, the idiots will still start it at Al Sponc the crack of dawn!"

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1964 Enclosed find my contribution to the American ...ARE Legion Child Welfare Foundation. YOUR BUSINESS You have a responsibility to the youth of America, 70 million strong, for they are the strength and the Please send a brochure that tells more about sinew of tomorrow. how my contribution will help build a better Today we are making every cent count toward reducing the social and physical ills of youth through America through research and development. research and development. Projects of the Foundation include efforts to: curb delinquency, educate mentally retarded children and children with speech disorders, provide facilities for the preservation of sight, and determine causes of physical disorders such as cystic fibrosis. NAME- Won't you help these efforts with your check? ADDRESS- THE AMERICAN LEGION CHILD WELFARE FOUNDATION P.O. BOX 1055 INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA 46206 .

THE RACE IS OVER. SHE'S MADE THE WINNER'S CIRCLE. IT'S CAMEL TIME RIGHT NOW

CamelTimeispleasure time!

Timefor easygoing taste. . honest enjoyment

. . . choice quality tobaccos. Moments seem to brighten up every time you light one up.

it right Make |^gflHelTiffle] now!