H Page 5 KT Z Page 5 WOREDAS WOREDAS S REGION SNNP INSIDE E Page 8 E REGION Page 6 G Page 3 S Page 2 Page 12 DATABASE NUTRITION SURVEY Page 11 QUALITY DATA SURVEY Page 9 IDAMA ILTI AST AST ADIYA URAGE ONE Z S H ONE HEWA ARARGHE Z Z Z ONES ) ) ONE (K ONE (S EDIDA Z LIADSNUAWOREDAS SANKURA AND ILTI (H ONE (A (M ULLA Z GCAAND NGACHA RK AND AREKO G ONE (B ML WOREDA AMELA , B OSSET (K RCAAND ORICHA OMBOLCHA W M S OREDA SA WOREDAS ESKAN HASHEGO ) S ) W HEBEDINO OREDA ) ) ENC) ENCU NPREGION SNNP Such analysis remainedlimitedinthe impact ofahazardonfood security. then beusedtounderstand the household economybaseline can for areferenceorbaseline year. The ent wealthgroups makeendsmeet zone andhowhouseholds from differ- characteristics ofeachlivelihood 06. The profilesdescribethemajor Profiles, FewsNet/USAID,January ed fromtheSNNPRLivelihood rated inthisbulletinhasbeenextract- livelihood andfoodsecurityincorpo- Most ofthebaselineinformationon interventions. annex) withtheexistingfood/nutrition table 1anddisplayedonmap(in presented below, summarizedin The surveyfindingsfromSNNPRare zone. Gamela ofKT woredas ofGuragezone,andKedida andMeskan(Lowlands) Shebedino woredasofSidamazone, Hulla (Midlands),Borichaand and SankuraworedasofSiltizone, areas oftheregion. This includedSilti tion surveysinthemostaffected requested partners toconductnutri- Regional HealthBureauofSNNPR Preparedness Bureauandthe Security, DisasterPreventionand in April 06theRegionalFood 06 confirmedbyrapidassessments deteriorating foodsecurityinMarch As aresultofearlywarningreports of S andDPPA/B duringthesecondquarterof2006. USA out byGOAL, Action ContreLaFaim,World Vision-, SavetheChildren- This bulletinpresents thesummaryfindingsofstandard nutritionsurveyscarried MREC NUTRITION EMERGENCY UREL BULLETIN QUARTERLY Emergency NutritionCoordinationUnit iatrPrevention andPreparedness Agency Disaster (April -June2006) separately. Hadiya zones;results arepresented and and ShashegoworedasofKT MUAC wasundertaken in Angacha Finally anutritionassessmentusing ed. ered tobereliableandwerereject- Thus theresults werenotconsid- representativeness ofthesample. of thechildren,whichaffected the bias wasintroducedintheselection second quarterof2006.However, a woredas ofDawrozoneduringthe lowlands of andMareka surveywasalsoconductedinthe A tion surveys. systematically collectedinthenutri- son withthebaselineyearwerenot security indicatorstoallowcompari- present bulletin,asrelevantfood ENCU June 30, 2006 1 http://www.dppc.gov.et e-mail:[email protected] Tel. (011) 5523556 ENCU/DPPA SILTI ZONE

Silti and Sankura Woredas reduces food and cash incomes. Maize is Nutrition: The prevalence of global acute the main staple and the consumption of malnutrition was estimated at 12% in both green maize in August/September miti- woredas with severe acute malnutrition of gates the hungry season, which typically 2% and 2.4% in Silti and Sankura respec- occurs from May to July. Pepper is the tively. Baseline for comparison of the cur- main cash crop and income generating rent findings to a "normal" year was not activity, which is complemented by small available neither for Silti nor for Sankura. livestock holding. The Midland Enset and Chat LZ is a relatively food secure area Health: Crude and Under Five mortality that has rarely experienced drought and rates were below the emergency thresh- has no history of food aid while the olds of 1 and 2 deaths/10,000/day, with Highland Enset and Barley LZ has been CMR of 0.46 and U5MR of 0.94 for Silti historically self-sufficient in crop produc- and CMR of 0.45 and U5MR of 1.41 for tion and households remain generally Sankura. Morbidity in children in the 2 food secure. At the time of the survey weeks prior to surveys was high, 34% in 77% and 50% of the households inter- Silti and 44% in Sankura with diarrhea, viewed in Silti and Sankura respectively fever and malaria being reported as the stated relying on their own production as main causes of morbidity. Health care uti- a main source of food. Livestock condi- lization was average, as indicated by BCG tion was generally rated as good though coverage of 59% in Silti and 47% in in some areas it was reported to be poor Sankura. Measles vaccination coverage as a result of insufficient water and pas- (by card and recall) remained below the ture, and diseases. No unusual coping recommended 90% coverage level both in strategies were recorded during the sur- Silti (65%) and Sankura (66%) while vita- veys. It was mentioned that some parts of min A supplementation was around 83% Silti and Sankura had experienced flood in both woredas. The availability of health earlier in 2006 with 15 affected kebeles in facilities was reported to be low in both Sankura. Flooding is a recurrent hazard woredas, not meeting the government occurring each year caused by rains in policies on service provision requiring 1 neighboring highlands. Land preparation health post per 5,000 people and 1 health was going on while in some areas maize centre per 10,000 people. This was com- was already in its early stage of develop-

ENCU pounded by a lack of basic equipment, ment. Both woredas benefits from the shortage of drugs, lack of trained health EOS and Safety Net Programme in form staff, and lack of transport and of bed of Cash-For-Work, targeted at 15 out of nets. 30 kebeles in Sankura and at 25 out of 43 kebeles in Silti. Water and Sanitation: Water access is problematic in both woredas, with critical Conclusion & Recommendations: The shortages during the dry season both for nutrition situation was ranked as "serious" human and animal consumption. The safe both in Silti and Sankura woredas with water coverage is estimated at 15% and GAM of 12% and presence of aggravat- 25% in Sankura and Silti respectively. ing factors such as high morbidity, inade- quate safe water supplies and sanitation, Livelihood/Food Security: Sankura and declining food security in areas Silti & Sankura Woreda woreda and most of Silti woreda belong to affected by the recent floods. There was the Alaba-Mareko Lowland Pepper also a threat of malaria epidemic in the The nutrition situation was Livelihood Zone while a small proportion flooded areas. The short-term recommen- ranked as "serious" both in of Silti covers another 2 zones, Gurage- dations included immediate provision of Silti and Sankura woredas Silti Midland Enset and Chat Livelihood treatment of severe malnutrition (in Silti with GAM of 12% and pres- Zone and Gurage-Silti Highland Enset GOAL started OTP just after the survey), ence of aggravating factors and Barley Livelihood Zone (FewsNet, revision of the EOS/TSFP beneficiaries such as high morbidity, inade- SNNPR Livelihood Profiles, Jan. 06). In list by repeating a screening to cater for quate safe water supplies and the Lowlands Pepper LZ households rely new cases not included in the Jan. 06 list, sanitation, and declining food mostly on long cycle crops harvested in and improved delivery of the PSPN with security in areas affected by November and consequently any fluctua- timely payment of the beneficiaries, as the recent floods. tion in rainfalls during the meher season delays were reported in both woredas.

ENCU June 30, 2006 2 Hulla Woreda SIDAMA ZONE The situation in the midlands Hulla Woreda (Midlands) of Hulla was rated as "seri- ous" with 18.1% global acute Nutrition: The situation in the midlands ing months. It is hoped that this gap will malnutrition. When compared of Hulla was rated as "serious" with be filled by the upcoming belg assess- to surveys undertaken at the 18.1% global acute malnutrition, 2.1% ment. Meanwhile it is strongly recom- same time in other parts of severe acute malnutrition and 1.1% kwa- mended to consider the implementation SNNPR the prevalence of shiorkor. No baseline data were available of food aid targeted at the midlands of acute malnutrition was signifi- for comparison. Hulla, or alternatively to increase the cantly higher. number of PSNP beneficiaries in this Health: The crude and Under Five mor- part of Hulla in order to prevent further tality rates of 0.09 and 0.12 deterioration of the nutrition situation.

deaths/10,000/days respectively were Boricha Woreda low and lied within the non-emergency ranges. Measles (card and recall) and Nutrition: The nutrition situation in BCG vaccination coverage was relatively Boricha was reported as "typical" with high at 77.3% and 69.4% respectively 6.8% global acute malnutrition. When while vitamin A supplementation was compared to last year around the same higher at 94.5% due to the recent EOS season (March 27-31, 05) where GAM campaign. was of 12.3% (95% CI: 9.6%-15.7%) the nutrition situation was similar with no Livelihood/Food Security: Hulla woreda statistically significant difference. is divided into 2 agro-ecological zones: the highlands (64%) and the midlands Health: The Crude and Under Five mor- (36%). The Midlands of Hulla are part of tality rates were estimated at 0.04 and the Sidama Coffee Livelihood Zone 0.1 deaths/10,000/day respectively, (FewsNet, SNNPR Livelihood Profiles, below the emergency thresholds. Jan. 06) and is reported as a relatively Morbidity in children was estimated at productive area with two rainy seasons, 20%. In Boricha malaria occurs through- belg and kremt. Enset is the main food out the year with a peak from May to crop while coffee is the main cash crop, November while due to widespread dry and these are supplemented by small season water shortages diarrhoeal dis- quantities of maize, sorghum, beans, eases are most common from yams, taro and sweet potatoes. However December to March. BCG, measles due to high population density and small (card and recall) and vitamin A supple- landholding sizes most households do mentation coverage rates were estimat- not produce enough food for the whole ed at 70%, 66.2% and 82.5% respective- year even in a "good" year and hence rely ly. highly on markets. Livestock, mainly cat- tle, is also a source of income but grazing Livelihood/Food Security: Most of the land is scarce. The hunger season, staple population of Boricha (64%) lives in the food prices and livestock sales peak in Sidama Maize Belt Livelihood Zone ENCU April-June and run up to July-August at while the rest lives in the Sidama Coffee the start of the green maize harvest. Livelihood Zone (25%) and the Bilate Basin Agro-Pastoral Livelihood Zone Conclusion: Although the survey was (11%) (FewsNet, SNNPR Livelihood conducted during the hunger season the Profile, Jan. 06). The Maize Belt LZ is prevalence of acute malnutrition was described as belg-dependent as the pro- unexpectedly high in the midlands of duction of maize planted once a year is Hulla. When compared to surveys under- highly dependant on the belg rains. The main cash crops include coffee, chat and Boricha Woreda taken during the same period of time in other woredas of SNNPR the prevalence chilli peppers while livestock is an impor- The prevalence of acute mal- of acute malnutrition was significantly tant source of income. This zone has nutrition (6.8%) remained rel- higher. The survey report did not include become food insecure in the recent atively low although in the relevant information on the prevailing years due to population growth, declin- midst of the hungry season. food security situation at the time of the ing landholding, deforestation, land This was a reflection of the survey and the performance of the 06 degradation, declining soil fertility and normal food security situation belg rains, thus it remained unclear why poor rainfalls. The Coffee LZ is a rela- prevailing in the woreda at the the nutrition situation was so bad, and tively productive area; however due to time of the survey. what would be the prospect for the com- high population density and small land-

ENCU June 30, 2006 3 midst ofthehungry season. woreda populationwerein the where threequartersof the ical" forthistimeoftheyear, 7.4% wasconsideredas"typ- global acutemalnutration of The nutritionsituationwith Shebedino Woreda ENCU the meantime. next harvestanddesignanexitstrategyin tinue theexistingCTCprogramuntil of thesurvey. Itwasrecommendedtocon- ation prevailingintheworedaattime reflection ofthenormalfoodsecuritysitu- midst ofthehungryseason. This wasa remained relativelylowalthoughinthe prevalence ofacutemalnutrition(6.8%) Conclusion &Recommendations: viewed. good (67%)bythecommunitiesinter- dition wasdescribedasmedium(30%)to was timely. The livestockandpasture con- rains andplantingofthemajorfoodcrops Boricha hadreceivedsofaradequate communities interviewed.Furthermore ly goodandaboveaveragefor63%ofthe previous security situationwassatisfactory. The that atthetimeofsurveyfood sumption ofgreenmaize.Itwasreported Boricha andendsinJulywiththecon- to Juneacrossthe3livelihoodzonesof hold. The hungryseasonoccursfrom April substantial livestockholdingperhouse- lands andisrelativelyfoodsecuredueto Basin LZrepresents agro-pastoral low- coffee isthemaincashcrop. The Bilate markets. Ensetisthemainfoodcropwhile in a"good"yearandhencerelyhighlyon duce enoughfoodforthewholeyeareven holding sizesmosthouseholdsdonotpro- similar tothe May 05coverageof71.5%. coverage (card andrecall)of71.8%was coverage inMay05.Likewise measles any increasesincelastyear with43.3% erage waslowat42.6%and didnotshow peak from April toOctober. The BCGcov- malaria occursthroughout theyearwitha eases. InthemidlandsofShebedino malaria beingreportedasthemaindis- estimated at19%withdiarrhea, ARI and oping countries.Morbidityinchildrenwas tively fellundernormalrangesfordevel- 0.13 and0.23deaths/10,000/dayrespec- al populationandfortheUnderFivewith Health: at thesameseason. significantly lowerthisyearthanlast showed thatthelevelofmalnutritionwas GAM of16%(95%CI:12.8%-19.1%) with asurveyconductedinMay05 0.5% severemalnutrition.Comparison malnutrition wasestimatedat7.4%with Nutrition: Shebedino Woreda The mortality ratesforthegener- meher The prevalenceofglobalacute harvest hadbeenrelative- belg The The performanceofthe were inthemidstofhungryseason. three quartersoftheworedapopulation "typical" forthistimeoftheyear, where nutrition situationwasconsideredas Conclusion &Recommendations: maize harvest. and Octoberrespectivelywiththegreen Enset andBarleyLZ,endsinJuly Coffee LZandJuly-Septemberinthe livestock salespeakin April-June inthe hunger season,staple foodpricesand annual householdcashincome. The cially cattlecontributeto40-50%ofthe 6 yearstomature),andlivestockespe- reserves ofmatureenset(Ensettakes 4- ty enset,householdshavelarge are reliable,theareaexports highquali- secure withnohistoryoffoodaid;rains Enset andBarleylivelihoodzoneisfood land remainsscarce. The Highland cattle isasourceofincomebutgrazing rely highlyonmarkets. Livestockmainly year evenina"good"andhence not produceenoughfoodforthewhole landholding sizesmosthouseholdsdo Due tohighpopulationdensityandsmall beans, yams,taro andsweetpotatoes. by smallquantitiesofmaize,sorghum, cash crop,andthesearesupplemented main foodcropwhilecoffee isthemain seasons, relatively productiveareawithtworainy Jan. 06). The Coffee livelihoodzoneisa (FewsNet, SNNPRLivelihoodProfiles, Zone with24%ofthepopulation Highland EnsetandBarleyLivelihood the populationandSidama-Gedeo Livelihood Zoneaccommodating76%of hood zones:theSidamaCoffee lands (32%)whichcorrespondto2liveli- zones, themidlands(68%)andhigh- woreda comprises2agro-ecological Livelihood/Food Security: 72.5%. coveragewasestimatedat Vitamin A next cropping season. needs basedontheperformance ofthe the hungryseason,and to reviewthe food aid,CTC)atleastuntil theendof food andnutritioninterventions (PSPN, recommended tocontinue theexisting deteriorate ornot.Inthemeantimeitwas the nutritionsituationwillbelikelyto the lowparts oftheworeda andwhether tion inthecomingmonthsparticularly in determine thecropandlivestockproduc- belg ENCU June 30, 2006 4 and kremt belg . Ensetisthe Shebedino rains will The son. early start ofthehungry sea- depletion offoodstocks and excess, resultinginearly either rainshortage orrain was belowaveragedue to The previousmeherharvest 13.6% and9.9%respectively. global acutemalnutritionof "serious" withaprevalenceof Meskan wasconsideredas Mareko andthelowlandsof The nutritionsituationin Meskan (Lowlands) Mareko Woreda & ENCU main cashcrop andincomegenerating occurs fromMay toJune.Pepperisthe gates thehungryseason, which typically green maizein August/September miti- the mainstaple andtheconsumptionof reduces foodandcashincomes. Maizeis tion inrainfallsduringthe November andconsequentlyanyfluctua- on longcyclecrops harvestedin Profiles, Jan.06).Householdsrelymostly hood zone(FewNet,SNNPRLivelihood lands ofMeskanbelongtothesameliveli- Pepper LivelihoodZonewhilethelow- described asthe Alaba-Mareko Lowland exclusively belongstothelowlandsandis Livelihood/Food Security: present withlowutilization. with insufficient numberoflatrinesandif age inMareko)whilesanitation waspoor water wasreportedtobelow(20%cover- Water andSanitation: were relativelyhigh. supplementation with87%and84% min A 95% and84%(cardrecall)vita- while estimatedmeaslescoveragewith age wasaveragewith55%and60% lands ofMeskanrespectivelyBCGcover- estimated at21%.InMarekoandthelow- lands ofMeskanmorbiditywaslowerand the 2weekspriortosurvey. Inthelow- children havingsuffered fromadiseasein Mareko withmorethanonethirdofthe throughout theyear. Morbiditywashighin seasonal phenomenonandoccurred in theseareaswasnotconsideredasa were ARI, malariaanddiarrhea.Malaria pected causesofmortality inchildren deaths/10,000/day respectively. The sus- emergency thresholdsof1and2 the UnderFivechildrenwerebelow rates forthegeneralpopulationand Health: of 1.6%with1%kwashiorkor. while inthelowlandsofMeskanSAMwas Mareko with2.7%and1.3%kwashiorkor acute malnutritionwasparticularly highin hold foodavailability. The levelofsevere of aggravatingfactors,i.e.poorhouse- 9.9% respectively, andwiththepresence of globalacutemalnutrition13.6%and considered as"serious"withprevalence Mareko andthelowlandsofMeskanwas Nutrition: Mareko Woreda &Meskan(Lowlands) In bothworedasthemortality The nutritionsituationin Access topotable meher Mareko season the coming months,astheperformanceof close monitoringofthesituationin by ACF andValid International)and both inMarekoandMeskan April/May wasstarted malnourished children(OTP immediate treatmentoftheseverely establishment oftherapeuticfeedingfor harvest. Recommendationsincludedthe this yearasaresultofpoor05 cated thatthehungergapstarted earlier However, thefoodsecurityanalysisindi- comparison ofthesameseason. "typical" year, werenotavailablefor Baseline nutritiondata, referringtoa peak ofmalnutritionwasexpected. of thehungerseasonwhenaseasonal The surveyswereconductedatthetime Conclusion &Recommendations: recently flooded. condition inmostareasexceptparts were alreadyplantedandingood major staple crops (maizeandsorghum) already reliedonfoodpurchase. The while inthelowlandsofMeskan80% production asamainsourceoffood viewed inMarekostillreliedontheirown survey 62%ofthehouseholdsinter- household foodstock. At thetimeof excess, resultinginearlydepletionof due toeitherrainshortage orrain lowlands ofMeskanwasbelowaverage ous Survey findingsindicatedthattheprevi- activity complementedbylivestocksale. of measles vaccination bycardand cination coverage of91%. The coverage was good,asindicatedby theBCGvac- Health: CI: 6.7%-10.4%). ed inNovember05with4.7% GAM(95% present surveyandthelastoneconduct- acute malnutritionratesbetweenthe There wasnosignificantdifference in 8.5% with1.3%severemalnutrition. acute malnutritionwasestimatedat Nutrition: Kedida GamelaWoreda or not. the hungryseasonwouldbeprolonged KT ZONE belg meher The utilizationofhealthservices rains woulddeterminewhether The prevalenceofglobal harvest inMarekoandthe ENCU June 30, 2006 5 meher Kedida GamelaWoreda status. negatively onthenutritional the comingmonthsandimpact security woulddeteriorate in it wasanticipated thatthefood (late onsetofbelgandfloods) Due totheweatherhazards availability andaccessibility. factors suchaspoorgrain and presenceofaggravating rated as"poor"with8.5%GAM The nutritionsituationwas ENCU belg report indicatedthatduetodelayed06 hood Profiles,Jan06). The survey ly foodsecure(FewsNetSNNPRliveli- the 2otherlivelihoodzonesarerelative- with highdependencyonfoodaidwhile nerable zoneduetorecurrentdrought Maize LZisreportedtobethemostvul- highlands (38%ofthepopulation). The Cereal andEnsetuppermidlands the population)andHadiya-Kembata Badewacho Coffee midlands(35%of (27% ofthepopulation),Kedida- Badewacho-Alaba Maizemidlands woreda ismadeof3livelihoodzones: meher stock rearingandbenefits fromboth tion reliesonagriculturewithsomelive- lands (7%). The majority of thepopula- the mid-highlands(93%)andhigh- comprises twoagro-ecologicalzones: Livelihood/Food Security: respectively. 0.31 and0.89deaths/10,000/day U5MR wereundernormalrangeswith in childrenwasof19%whileCMRand tion (95%)wereequallyhigh.Morbidity supplementa- recall (90%)andvitamin A 05. Inthemeantime WVEandthe during thelastscreening of December 2600 childrenandmothers identified son) hadalreadybeendistributed tothe food (25kgCSBand3liters oilperper- beneficiaries. Ontheother handEOS and onlytoasmallproportion ofthe after thecompletionofpublicworks cash transfersonlystarted 2months year ascompared to 2005.However beneficiaries wasincreasedby44%this Net informofcashandthenumber da benefitfromtheProductiveSafety condition wasgood. All PAs ofthewore- for livestockwasadequateand Availability ofpasture anddrinkingwater tion wasreportedtobeunusual. food whileinnormalyearsits consump- (immature Enset)asthemainstaple holds reportedconsuming considerably increased.Mosthouse- found tobelowwhilegrainpriceswere grain availabilityonthemarkets was households. At thetimeofsurvey cash crops ineightPAs affecting 1357 completely destroyedbothfoodand second decadeofMarchpartially or planted. Inadditionheavyrainsinthe long cycle rains shortmaturing and meher belg cropping seasons. The crops werenottimely belg The woreda crops and Amicho belg depending onthefindingsofupcoming food aidforthesecondhalfof2006 beneficiaries, andtoconsideremergency namely ensuringtimelypayment ofPSNP strengthen theexistinginterventions Therefore, itwasrecommendedto impact negativelyonthenutritionalstatus. deteriorate inthecomingmonthsand average, andthatthefoodsecuritywould ance andproductivitywouldbebelow anticipated thattheoverallcropperform- onset ofthe accessibility. Duetoweatherhazards(late factors suchaspoorgrainavailabilityand 8.5% GAMandpresenceofaggravating nutrition situationwasratedas"poor"with Conclusion &Recommendations: grant andcapacity building. Program, whichcomprisescommunity World Banksupported Food Security PAs oftheworedaalsobenefitfrom kg ofsupplementary foodperperson. Ten tional 4000beneficiaries,whoreceived18 similar screeningandidentifiedanaddi- Woreda healthOffice hadundertaken a TadHDY ZONES KT andHADIYA Angacha &ShashegoWoredas (MUAC <110 mm) and1%kwashiorkor. ed at8.6%with0.5%ofseverewasting Wasting (125mm

Silti Zone Sidama Zone Gurage Zone KT Zone

Key indicators Midlands of Lowlands Kedida Silti Sankura Hulla Boricha Shebedino Mareko of Meskan Gamela May 8-12 May 15-19 April 14-16 May 11-15 May 23-28 April 13-17 May 22-26 May22-June 2 GAM in Z-scores 12.2% 11.9% 18.1% 6.8% 7.4% 13.6% 9.9% 8.5% (95% CI) (10.3-14.5%) (9.9-14.1%) (15.2-21.1%) (5.2-8.8%) (5.7-9.6%) (11.0-16.2%) (6.7-13.0%) (6.7-10.4%) SAM in Z-scores 2.0% 2.4% 2.1% 0.5% 0.5% 2.7% 1.6% 1.3% (95% CI) (1.2-3.1%) (1.5-3.6%) (0.2-3.9%) (0.2-1.3%) (0.2-1.2%) (1.8-3.6%) (0.9-2.3%) (0.6-2.1%) Kw ashiorkor 0.8% 1.0% 1.1% 0% 0% 1.3% 1.0% 0.8% CMR Death/10,000/day 0.46 0.45 0.09 0.04 0.13 0.21 0.16 0.31 (95% CI) (0.2-0.8) (0.2-0.8) (NR) (NR) (NR) (0.03-0.38) (0.05-0.27) (NR) U5MR Death/10,000/day 0.94 1.41 0.12 0.1 0.23 0.77 0.73 0.89 (95% CI) (0.2-2.0) (0.6-2.7) (NR) (NR) (NR) (0.11-1.43) (0.27-1.18) (NR) Major causes of U5MR Malar ia, Malaria Unknow n NR NR ARI, malaria NR NR diarrhea Morbidity (past 2 w eeks) 33.8% 43.6% 23.2% 19.2% 19.3% 36% 21.1% 18.8% Major illnesses Diarrhea, Diarrhea, fever, Diarrhea, Cough, fever, Diarrhea, Diarrhea, Diarrhea, Fever, diarrhea or symptoms fever, malaria malar ia cough diarrhea fever, malaria fever fever, cough Measles coverage 4.5% 2.7% 17% 25.7% NR 11.8% 9.8% 52.1% by card (95% CI) (2.9-6.9%) (1.5-4.7%) (NR) (NR) (9.7-13.9%) (7.8-11.8%) (47.3-56.9%) Measles coverage 65% 66.2% 77.3% 66.2% 71.8% 94.6% 83.9% 89.7% by card + recall (95% CI) (60.5-69.3%) (61.7-70.4%) (NR) (NR) (NR) (93.1-96.1%) (81.5-86.3%) (86.4-92.4%) BCG coverage (scar) 59% 47% 69.4% 70% 42.6% 55.1% 59.8% 90.7% (95% CI) (54.4-63.0%) (42.6-51.6%) (NR) (NR) (NR) (52.1-58.1) (56.6-63.0%) (87.4-93.0%) Vitamin A in past 6 months 81.9% 84.3% 94.5% 82.5% 72.5% 86.5% 83.5% 95% (95% CI) (78.0-85.0%) (80.6-87.3%) (NR) (NR) (NR) (84.3-88.7%) (NR) (92.5-96.8%)

Table 2: Absolute needs for SFP and TFP, and existing food/nutrition interventions Silti Zone Sidama Zone Gurage Zone KAT zone Silti Sankura Midlands of Boricha Shebedino Mareko Low lands of Kedida Hulla Meskan Gamela Total Population 186,919 91,787 53,747 272,832 223,350 66,335 62,506 173,357 Under Five Population 37,384 18,357 10,750 54,566 44,670 13,277 12,501 34,671 No. of moderate and severe MAM: 2,280 MAM: 1,175 MAM: 1,130 MAM: 1,091 MAM: 1,965 MAM: 863 MAM: 500 MAM: 1,421 cases at survey time (WH%M) SAM: 485 SAM: 312 SAM: 150 SAM: 273 SAM: 446 SAM: 265 SAM: 162 SAM: 346 EOS - January 06 (w oreda) (w oreda) Moderate & Severe caseloads MAM: 904 MAM:299 MAM: 1,569 MAM: 823 MAM: 1089 MAM: 573 MAM: 620 MAM: 1,404 (based on WH%M) SAM: 172 SAM: 206 SAM: 308 SAM: 24 SAM: 109 SAM: 106 SAM: 145 SAM: 182 Hargeselam Yirba & Leku HC Koshe HC Taza HC Therapeutic Feeding Units No No HC Darara HC since July 05 since Dec 05 hospital since June 05 since July 05 since Mar 05 Outreach Therapeutic GOAL SC-US SC-US SC-US ACF ACF/Valid Catholic HC No OTP Programme since May 06 since Aug. 05 since Mar. 05 since July 05 since April 06 since May 06 since June 05 Food Aid – Jan-June 06 No. of Beneficiaries No No No 5,780 6,940 2,070 No No % of rural population 2.1% 3.1% 3.1% Safety Net (w oreda) (w oreda) No. of Beneficiaries 19,841 14,098 9,133 39,760 12,340 21,256 23,605 23,486 % of rural population 11% 15% 17% 15% 6% 32% 10% 13%

ENCU June 30, 2006 7 harvest. prospect forthecoming below normalandhencea low ed thatthe06 meher in spiteofthepartly failed05 6.3% globalacutemalnutrition considered tobe"typical"with The nutritionsituationwas Kombolcha Woreda harvest. Itwasreport- belg rains were belg ENCU seasons, lowlands and 74%midlands,and2rainy comprises 2agro-ecological zones,26% Livelihood/Food Security: morbidity inchildren. accounted formorethanhalf (54%)ofthe prevalence ofdiarrheaoldiseases,which sanitation wasreflected bythehigh Poor accesstosafewaterandlackof water fromunprotectedspringsorponds. surveyed (60%)reportedsourcingtheir as 20%. The majorityofthehousehold access tosafewatersupplywasaslow ly duringthedryseasons. The woreda's was reportedtobeproblematicparticular- quate waterforbothhumanandlivestock Water andSanitation: acceptable ranges. deaths/ 10,000/dayremainedunder deaths/10,000/day andU5MRof0.49 vey whilemortality rates,CMRof0.22 ease inthepast 2weekspriortothesur- with 1out4childrensuffering fromadis- EOS interventions.Morbiditywashigh, tation (21.4%)wasequallylowinspiteof supplemen- recall (33.5%)andvitamin A age ofmeaslesvaccinationbycardand vaccination coverage(33%). The cover- remained poorasshownbythelowBCG erage. The utilizationofhealthservices health posts withanestimated68%cov- had only1healthcentre,3clinicsand Health: ison. pometric data wereavailableforcompar- coverage).Nopreviousanthro- vitamin A access tosafewater, lowmeaslesand factors (highmorbidity, inadequate sidered as"typical"withfewaggravating at 6.3%and0.4%respectivelycon- severe acutemalnutritionwasestimated Nutrition: marized intable 2anddisplayedonmap(inannex)withtheexistingfood/nutrition Prevention andPreparedness Bureau. The surveyfindingsarepresentedbelow, sum- woredas wereflaggedasofconcernbytheOromiaRegionalFoodSecurity, Disaster Oromia region,KombolchainEastHarargheandBossetShewa. These In thesecondquarterof2006twonutritionsurveyswereundertaken in 2woredasof REGION OROMIA Kombolcha Woreda EAST HARARGHEZONE interventions. It wasreportedthattheworeda belg The prevalenceofglobaland and meher Access toade- . Livelihoodin The woreda previous 05 vation prevails.Itwasreportedthatthe stock whileinhigheraltitudescropculti- the lowlandsismostlybasedonlive- belg due toshortage ofrainsandthatthe06 drinking water. improving availabilityandqualityof cially preventative caree.g.EPI,and strengthening ofhealthservicesespe- poor performanceofthe06 security situationinviewofanticipated included closemonitoringofthefood as Kombolcha.Recommendations be "typical"inafoodinsecureareasuch situation intheareawasconsideredto Overall, thefoodsecurityandnutrition Conclusion &Recommendations: haria, andmefira. eases suchas pasture, andhighprevalenceofdis- below averagewateravailabilityand good (64%)topoor(33%)conditionwith stock conditionwasreportedtobein Programme hadnotstarted. The live- aid whiletheProductiveSafetyNet the householdsreportedrelyingonfood (65%) andpurchase(34%);only1%of sources offoodwereownproduction the timeofsurvey, themostcommon a lowprospectforthe rains werebelownormalandhence meher ENCU June 30, 2006 8 abasenga, assenga, harvest partly failed belg harvest. At belg rains, 4.8% and1.2%respectively. severe acutemalnutrition at to benormalwithglobal and situation inBossetwasfound The nutritionandfoodsecurity Bosset Woreda ENCU the lastscreening conductedin had notbeen distributed 6monthsafter ration been paid and theEOS/TSFP beneficiarieshadnot while thePSNP food aiddistributionwere completed the timeofsurveythree roundsof operates aFoodSecurity Program. At Food SecurityProgram.WVEalso targeted bytheWorld Banksupported and 40%oftheworedapopulationare food aidfortheperiodofJan-June06 lowland kebelesreceiveemergency Programme andEOS.Inaddition10 benefits fromthe SafetyNet chronically foodinsecureworedaand points. The woredaisclassifiedasa pasture andreplenishmentofwater are important forthe regenerationof annual production.However, belgrains duction contributeslittletotheoverall and is woreda ismainlyrelyingonagriculture Livelihood/Food Security: dents. below averagefor40%oftherespon- for 37.3%,average22.3%,and human consumptionvariedbeinggood pond (10%).Water availabilityfor ed pipedwater(59%),river(31%)and tified communitywatersourcesinclud- Water andSanitation: paign. was higherduetotherecentEOScam- (87.3%) supplementation vitamin A 39.1% and41.4%respectivelywhile vaccination coverageremainedlowat Measles (cardandrecall)BCG within thenon-emergencyranges. deaths/10,000/days respectivelylied CMR andU5MRof0.170.45 to thesurveywaslowat12%. The Health: mm and/oroedema). from acutemalnutrition(MUAC<120 3% ofthechildrenscreenedsuffering similar lowlevelsofmalnutritionwith ducted aroundthesametimeshowed The thirdroundofEOSscreeningcon- mated at4.8%and1.2%respectively. and severeacutemalnutritionwasesti- Nutrition: Bosset Woreda ZONE EAST SHEWA meher Morbidity inthe2weeksprior The prevalenceofglobal dependent. The The mainiden- belg Bosset pro- uation overthecomingmonths. EOS, andcontinuemonitoringofthesit- and programs especiallythePSNP recommended tostrengthentheongoing Bosset wasfoundtobenormal.It nutrition andfoodsecuritysituationin Conclusion &Recommendations: past sixmonths. price incrementwasobservedoverthe reported. Likeelsewheregradualgrain stock forgrainpurchasewasrarely ment. Saleofpersonalassetandlive- migration pattern insearchofemploy- (5%) anddescribedaspart oftheusual chase (30%).Migrationwasverylow be fromownproduction(66%)andpur- The mainfoodsourcewasreportedto the World Bankprojectwasgoingon. November 05.Cashdisbursementfrom ENCU June 30, 2006 9 The ENCU al :Aslt ed o F n F andexistingfood/nutritioninterventions andSFP Table 4: Absolute needsforTFP nutrition. ing withMUAC<110 forseveremalnutritionand110 mm=

Map 2: Prevalence of global acute malnutrition and food/nutrition interventions - Oromia

ENCU June 30, 2006 13