DOCSLIB.ORG

North Korea (Democratic People’S Republic of Korea, Dprk)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
North Korea (Democratic People’S Republic of Korea, Dprk) Index cards by country NORTH KOREA (DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA, DPRK) SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES, EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES, TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ZONES, INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ZONES Index cards realized by the University of Reims, France Conception: F. Bost Data collected by F. Bost and D. Messaoudi Map and layout: S. Piantoni WFZO Index cards - North Korea Oicial Terms for Free Zones Year of promulgation of the irst text Special Economic Zones, Export Processing Zones, Tourism of law concerning the Free Zones Development Zones, International 1991 Economic Zones Possibility to be established as Exact number of Free Zones Free Points 13 No TABLE OF CONTENTS General information ........................................................................................................................................................................4 List of operating Free Zones .........................................................................................................................................................5 Contacts ...............................................................................................................................................................................................7 Free Zones Web sites selection ...................................................................................................................................................7 2 WFZO Index cards - North Korea 11 " Vladivostok RUSSIA " 01 Fushun Shenyang Ch'ongjin CHINA Kanggye 13 " 04 " Sinuiju Hamhung 03 " NORTH KOREA Wonsan " 05 12 P'yongyang " 08 " " 10 " " 09 07 Sariwon Haeju Kaesong 02 " Ch'unch'on " 06 Seoul SOUTH KOREA FREE ZONES IN NORTH KOREA 50 km International borders Elevations (meters) Cities 0 200 500 1000 Free Zones 01 - Rason Special Economic Zone (ex-Rajin-Sonbong 07 - Songrim Export Processing Zone Economic Special Zone) 08 - Nampo City Waudo Export Processing Zone 02 - Kaesong Industrial Complex (KIC) 09 - Jindo Export Processing Zone 03 - Hwanggumpyong and Wihwa Islands Economic SEZ 10 - Wonsan-Mount Kumgang Tourist Zone, 04 - Sinuiju International Economic Zone 11 - Onsong Island Tourist Development Zone 05 - Unjong Science and Technology (High-Tech) 12 - Sinphyong Tourist Development Zone Development Zone 13 - Chongsu Tourist Development Zone 06 - Kangryong International Green Development Zone © Sébastien Piantoni - Conception: François Bost EA 2076 Habiter - University of Reims - 2017 Map Projection: WGS 1984 3 WFZO Index cards - North Korea GENERAL INFORMATION Number of free 13 Free zones: 6 Special Economic Zones, 4 Tourist Development Zones, 3 Export Pro- zones cessing Zones. http://38north.org/2015/11/sez112315/overview-38-north-sez/ http://www.ncnk.org/resources/brieing-papers/all-brieing-papers/special-economic- zones-in-the-dprk N. of act. comp. in No global statistics. Free Zones In April 2013, 123 South Korean companies were employing in the Kaesong industrial park. Main sectors of Machine Tool Manufacturing, Mining, Bonded Goods, Building Materials, Chemical activity Products, Building Materials, Metal Product. Total job numbers No global statistics. At its peak in early 2013, Kaesong Industrial Complex (KIC) had attracted 123 South Korean companies employing over 50,000 North Koreans and about 800 South Korean staf. Distribution of China, Russia, Mongolia, South Korea. investors Exports and sales No information. Free zones contri- No information. bution to the nat. eco. Corporate Tax and “The DPRK investment law, it allows foreigners a 50-year land lease period (article 24) as Incentives well as “the right to buy, sell re-lease, donate or inherit the land use right and building ownership” (article 29)”. “It also speciies a 14 percent net proit tax of companies in an SEZ (rather than 25 percent elsewhere) or 10 percent if the investment is in a priority sector (article 45); and preferential tarifs for investors who build or reinvest proits into the SEZ (articles 56, 54). It also states that “legitimate proits” can be remitted and currency moved in and out of zones freely (article 47). This is troublesome language as the deinition of legiti- mate is left unclear. The law also ambiguously promises that immigration and customs conditions will be such that “economic activities of the investors may progress smooth- ly” (article 50)”. For a good analyze of the Law and its Ambiguities: http://uskoreainstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Abrahamian-SEZs-14-1118-HQ-Print.pdf (see p. 12-13). Free Zone law The 2013 Law of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on Economic Development Zones http://www.nkeconwatch.com/category/policies/law-on-the-rajin-sonbong-trade-zone/ http://www.nkeconwatch.com/nk-uploads/Compilation-of-laws.pdf LIST OF OPERATING FREE ZONES Note: The North Korea has diferent types of "zones": Export Processing / Trade Zones; Industrial Development Zones; Agri- cultural Development Zones; Tourism Development Zones; and Economic Development Zones. But all are not “Free zones”. Oicial texts don’t use the term of “Free zones”. The list of Free zones that we propose (to distinguish them with classical "domestic zones", for domestic markets) in- cludes “pre-existing Special Economic Zones” (in partnership with South Korea and China), “Export Processing Zones”, and “Tourism Development Zones” (for Foreign Tourism). 4 WFZO Index cards - North Korea Best websites for a global view: http://38north.org/2015/11/sez112315/overview-38-north-sez/ http://www.ncnk.org/resources/brieing-papers/all-brieing-papers/special-economic-zones-in-the-dprk http://uskoreainstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Abrahamian-SEZs-14-1118-HQ-Print.pdf List of pre-existing Special Economic Zones: 1 - Rason Special Economic Zone (ex-Rajin-Sonbong Economic Special Zone) Near Rason. Western side of the Tumen River in North Korea. Location Located in the far northeast of the country, near the borders with China (Jilin province) and Russia (Khasansky District in Primorsky Krai). Surface Area 470 sq/km Contacts - Observations Established in 1991, the Rason Special Economic Zone is the North Korea’s irst SEZ. It covers territory of Rajin and Sonbong cities (RAjin + SONbong = RASON). “In 1993, the DPRK designated Rason as a “directly governed city,” and issued laws go- verning foreign investment in the zone. In its irst two decades, Rason attracted only a modest amount of foreign investment – reportedly under $150 million from its establish- ment through 2010, including a Hong Kong-invested hotel and casino catering to Chinese tourists” “The lack of transportation, energy, and communications infrastructure was a major impediment to early investment in Rason, and only recently has this infrastructure deicit begun to be addressed in a systematic fashion”. http://www.ncnk.org/resources/brieing-papers/all-brieing-papers/special-economic-zones- in-the-dprk “In the past few years, North Korea has demonstrated a renewed interest in attracting foreign investment to Rason, overhauling its administration and deepening its regional Linkages …/… “The investment laws for Rason were also revised in 2010 and 2012, granting the zone greater autonomy in attracting and managing foreign investments, and establishing a China-DPRK Joint Management Committee to oversee the zone”. http://www.ncnk.org/resources/brieing-papers/all-brieing-papers/special-economic-zones- in-the-dprk 2 - Kaesong Industrial Complex (KIC) Location Near Yalu (Amnok) River. Located just north of the DMZ Surface Area - Contacts - Observations The Kaesong Industrial Complex (KIC), an inter-Korean joint venture, is North Korea’s lar- gest Special Economic Zone (with a status of cooperative between the two Koreas). “At its peak in early 2013, KIC had attracted 123 South Korean companies employing over 50,000 North Koreans and about 800 South Korean staf. The complex was shut down in April 2013 during a period of high tension between the two Koreas, but reopened in September of that year with most South Korean investors returning, and an agreement between the two Koreas to seek international investment in the zone”. KIC has not expanded as originally envisioned. http://www.ncnk.org/resources/brieing-papers/all-brieing-papers/special-economic-zones- in-the-dprk 5 WFZO Index cards - North Korea 3 - Hwanggumpyong and Wihwa Islands Economic SEZ Location Yalu River estuary. Surface Area - Contacts - Observations In June 2011, North Korea and China announced plans to jointly develop new special eco- nomic zones on Hwanggumpyong and Wihwa islands, two largely undeveloped sites. 4 - Sinuiju International Economic Zone Location Near Yalu (Amnok) River Surface Area - Contacts - Observations For Chinese Investors. 5 - Unjong Science and Technology (High-Tech) Development Zone Pyongyang City. Location The Sunan International Airport—Pyongyang’s main international airport—is only a 30-40 minute ride away. Surface Area 300 ha. Contacts - Observations Unjong is the only SEZ located within Pyongyang city limits, sitting on the border of Pyongsong City. In July 2014, Unjong was designated a Special Economic Zone. The Unjong High-Tech Company has the stated purpose of “commercializing technology.” 6 - Kangryong International Green Development Zone Kangryong County, South Hwanghae Province, across a channel of water from the provin- Location cial capital, Haeju. Surface Area - Contacts - Observations Business priorities : Organic Agriculture, Tourism, Aquaculture, Light Industry) The SEZ covers the coastal areas of Kangryong County. List of Export Processing
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Tumen Triangle Documentation Project
    THE TUMEN TRIANGLE DOCUMENTATION PROJECT SOURCING THE CHINESE-NORTH KOREAN BORDER Edited by CHRISTOPHER GREEN Issue Two February 2014 ABOUT SINO-NK Founded in December 2011 by a group of young academics committed to the study of Northeast Asia, Sino-NK focuses on the borderland world that lies somewhere between Pyongyang and Beijing. Using multiple languages and an array of disciplinary methodologies, Sino-NK provides a steady stream of China-DPRK (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea/North Korea) documentation and analysis covering the culture, history, economies and foreign relations of these complex states. Work published on Sino-NK has been cited in such standard journalistic outlets as The Economist, International Herald Tribune, and Wall Street Journal, and our analysts have been featured in a range of other publications. Ultimately, Sino-NK seeks to function as a bridge between the ubiquitous North Korea media discourse and a more specialized world, that of the academic and think tank debates that swirl around the DPRK and its immense neighbor. SINO-NK STAFF Editor-in-Chief ADAM CATHCART Co-Editor CHRISTOPHER GREEN Managing Editor STEVEN DENNEY Assistant Editors DARCIE DRAUDT MORGAN POTTS Coordinator ROGER CAVAZOS Director of Research ROBERT WINSTANLEY-CHESTERS Outreach Coordinator SHERRI TER MOLEN Research Coordinator SABINE VAN AMEIJDEN Media Coordinator MYCAL FORD Additional translations by Robert Lauler Designed by Darcie Draudt Copyright © Sino-NK 2014 SINO-NK PUBLICATIONS TTP Documentation Project ISSUE 1 April 2013 Document Dossiers DOSSIER NO. 1 Adam Cathcart, ed. “China and the North Korean Succession,” January 16, 2012. 78p. DOSSIER NO. 2 Adam Cathcart and Charles Kraus, “China’s ‘Measure of Reserve’ Toward Succession: Sino-North Korean Relations, 1983-1985,” February 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • South Korea Section 3
    DEFENSE WHITE PAPER Message from the Minister of National Defense The year 2010 marked the 60th anniversary of the outbreak of the Korean War. Since the end of the war, the Republic of Korea has made such great strides and its economy now ranks among the 10-plus largest economies in the world. Out of the ashes of the war, it has risen from an aid recipient to a donor nation. Korea’s economic miracle rests on the strength and commitment of the ROK military. However, the threat of war and persistent security concerns remain undiminished on the Korean Peninsula. North Korea is threatening peace with its recent surprise attack against the ROK Ship CheonanDQGLWV¿ULQJRIDUWLOOHU\DW<HRQS\HRQJ Island. The series of illegitimate armed provocations by the North have left a fragile peace on the Korean Peninsula. Transnational and non-military threats coupled with potential conflicts among Northeast Asian countries add another element that further jeopardizes the Korean Peninsula’s security. To handle security threats, the ROK military has instituted its Defense Vision to foster an ‘Advanced Elite Military,’ which will realize the said Vision. As part of the efforts, the ROK military complemented the Defense Reform Basic Plan and has UHYDPSHGLWVZHDSRQSURFXUHPHQWDQGDFTXLVLWLRQV\VWHP,QDGGLWLRQLWKDVUHYDPSHGWKHHGXFDWLRQDOV\VWHPIRURI¿FHUVZKLOH strengthening the current training system by extending the basic training period and by taking other measures. The military has also endeavored to invigorate the defense industry as an exporter so the defense economy may develop as a new growth engine for the entire Korean economy. To reduce any possible inconveniences that Koreans may experience, the military has reformed its defense rules and regulations to ease the standards necessary to designate a Military Installation Protection Zone.
    [Show full text]
  • Status of Heavy Fuel Oil Delivered to North Korea Under the Agreed Framework
    United States General Accounting Office Report to the Chairman, Committee on GAO International Relations, House of Representatives September 1999 NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION Status of Heavy Fuel Oil Delivered to North Korea Under the Agreed Framework GAO/RCED-99-276 United States General Accounting Office GAO Washington, D.C. 20548 Resources, Community, and Economic Development Division B-283603 September 30, 1999 The Honorable Benjamin A. Gilman Chairman, Committee on International Relations House of Representatives Dear Mr. Chairman: During the early 1990s, North Korea’s nuclear program was suspected of producing nuclear material capable of being fashioned into nuclear weapons. To address this threat and ease tensions on the Korean Peninsula, the United States and North Korea signed an agreement known as the Agreed Framework on October 21, 1994.1 Under this agreement, North Korea agreed to freeze the construction and operation of its existing nuclear reactors and related facilities, to eventually dismantle this equipment, and to comply with the international Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. In exchange, the United States pledged to help North Korea acquire two light-water nuclear reactors for electricity generation by arranging for their construction through an international consortium, the Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization (KEDO).2 Furthermore, to offset the energy forgone by the freeze on North Korea’s nuclear reactors, the United States pledged to arrange through the organization for deliveries of 500,000 metric tons of heavy fuel oil annually until the first reactor was completed.3 An agreement on the actual schedule for delivering the reactors has not yet been concluded.
    [Show full text]
  • Electrifying North Korea: Governance Change, Vulnerability,And Environmental EAST-WEST CENTER WORKING PAPERS
    EAST-WEST CENTER WORKING PAPERS Environmental Change, Vulnerability, and Governance No. 69, April 2014 Electrifying North Korea: Bringing Power to Underserved Marginal Populations in the DPRK Alex S. Forster WORKING WORKING PAPERS EAST-WEST CENTER WORKING PAPERS Environmental Change, Vulnerability, and Governance No. 69, April 2014 Electrifying North Korea: Bringing Power to Underserved Marginal Populations in the DPRK Alex S. Forster Alex S. Forster is a researcher on US-Asia relations at the East-West Center in Washington and a graduate student at the Elliott School East-West Center Working Papers is an unreviewed and of International Affairs, George Washington University. He will unedited prepublication series reporting on research in receive his Master’s degree with a dual concentration in East Asian progress. The views expressed are those of the author regional politics and security, and global energy security, in May and not necessarily those of the Center. East-West Center 2014. He holds a BA from Lewis & Clark College in Portland, Working Papers are circulated for comment and to inform OR, and spent more than four years working in South Korea as a interested colleagues about work in progress at the Center. consultant, translator, and teacher before beginning his graduate Working Papers are available online for free at studies. EastWestCenter.org/ewcworkingpapers. To order print copies ($3.00 each plus shipping and handling), contact the Center’s Publication Sales Office. A version of this policy proposal was prepared and submitted for a course on environmental security at the Elliott School of Interational Affairs, George Washington University, taught by The East-West Center promotes better relations and Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Fundamental Studies Concerning Classical Chinese Literature and the Associated Compilation of Texts with Collected Commentaries During the Reign of Sejong
    Special Feature The Fundamental Studies Concerning Classical Chinese Literature and the Associated Compilation of Texts with Collected Commentaries during the Reign of Sejong SIM Kyungho The Review of Korean Studies Volume 22 Number 1 (June 2019): 13-70 ©2019 by the Academy of Korean Studies. All rights reserved. The Fundamental Studies Concerning Classical Chinese Literature 14 The Review of Korean Studies and the Associated Compilation of Texts with Collected Commentaries during the Reign of Sejong 15 Introduction and this project then led to the compilation of the Dongguk jeongun. Prince Anpyeong was put in charge of this latter project along with the crown prince King Sejong did not leave shi poetry (Chinese classical poetry) although he wrote (or Munjong) and Prince Jinyang (or Prince Suyang). In 1447, the Dongguk Korean-language poems. The first volume of theSejo sillok includes one piece of the jeongun was completed, and in the following year it was published in six “Mongjungjak” (Writing in a Dream 夢中作) and it is also included in the “Sejong volumes. The Konkuk University Library preserves the entire Volumes and eoje” 世宗御製 of the Yeolseong eoje 列聖御製, but I regard this piece as a forgery. the Gansong Art Museum has Volumes one and six. Around that time the King Sejong read the Ou Su shoujian (Letters between Ouyang Xiu and Samun tonggo was completed by an unknown person. Su Shi 歐蘇手簡) thoroughly (Sim 2016a), but he did not study how to write In the seventh month of 1448 (30th year of Sejong’s reign), Sejong wanted shi poetry and hence he did not write and leave shi poetry actively through his to establish a Buddhist shrine in the vicinity of the palace for Queen Soheon entire life.
    [Show full text]
  • Great Food, Great Stories from Korea
    GREAT FOOD, GREAT STORIE FOOD, GREAT GREAT A Tableau of a Diamond Wedding Anniversary GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS This is a picture of an older couple from the 18th century repeating their wedding ceremony in celebration of their 60th anniversary. REGISTRATION NUMBER This painting vividly depicts a tableau in which their children offer up 11-1541000-001295-01 a cup of drink, wishing them health and longevity. The authorship of the painting is unknown, and the painting is currently housed in the National Museum of Korea. Designed to help foreigners understand Korean cuisine more easily and with greater accuracy, our <Korean Menu Guide> contains information on 154 Korean dishes in 10 languages. S <Korean Restaurant Guide 2011-Tokyo> introduces 34 excellent F Korean restaurants in the Greater Tokyo Area. ROM KOREA GREAT FOOD, GREAT STORIES FROM KOREA The Korean Food Foundation is a specialized GREAT FOOD, GREAT STORIES private organization that searches for new This book tells the many stories of Korean food, the rich flavors that have evolved generation dishes and conducts research on Korean cuisine after generation, meal after meal, for over several millennia on the Korean peninsula. in order to introduce Korean food and culinary A single dish usually leads to the creation of another through the expansion of time and space, FROM KOREA culture to the world, and support related making it impossible to count the exact number of dishes in the Korean cuisine. So, for this content development and marketing. <Korean Restaurant Guide 2011-Western Europe> (5 volumes in total) book, we have only included a selection of a hundred or so of the most representative.
    [Show full text]
  • North Korea: a Chronology of Events from 2016 to 2020
    North Korea: A Chronology of Events from 2016 to 2020 May 5, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46349 North Korea: A Chronology of Events from 2016 to 2020 Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Chronology ...................................................................................................................................... 3 1994 ........................................................................................................................................... 3 1998 ........................................................................................................................................... 3 2003 ........................................................................................................................................... 4 2005 ........................................................................................................................................... 4 2006 ........................................................................................................................................... 4 2007 ........................................................................................................................................... 5 2009 ........................................................................................................................................... 5 2011 ..........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Democratic People's Republic of Korea INDIVIDUALS
    CONSOLIDATED LIST OF FINANCIAL SANCTIONS TARGETS IN THE UK Last Updated:21/01/2021 Status: Asset Freeze Targets REGIME: Democratic People's Republic of Korea INDIVIDUALS 1. Name 6: AN 1: JONG 2: HYUK 3: n/a 4: n/a 5: n/a. Title: Diplomat DOB: 14/03/1970. a.k.a: AN, Jong, Hyok Nationality: Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) Passport Details: 563410155 Address: Egypt.Position: Diplomat DPRK Embassy Egypt Other Information: (UK Sanctions List Ref):DPR0001 Date designated on UK Sanctions List: 31/12/2020 (Further Identifiying Information):Associations with Green Pine Corporation and DPRK Embassy Egypt (UK Statement of Reasons):Representative of Saeng Pil Trading Corporation, an alias of Green Pine Associated Corporation, and DPRK diplomat in Egypt.Green Pine has been designated by the UN for activities including breach of the UN arms embargo.An Jong Hyuk was authorised to conduct all types of business on behalf of Saeng Pil, including signing and implementing contracts and banking business.The company specialises in the construction of naval vessels and the design, fabrication and installation of electronic communication and marine navigation equipment. (Gender):Male Listed on: 22/01/2018 Last Updated: 31/12/2020 Group ID: 13590. 2. Name 6: BONG 1: PAEK 2: SE 3: n/a 4: n/a 5: n/a. DOB: 21/03/1938. Nationality: Democratic People's Republic of Korea Position: Former Chairman of the Second Economic Committee,Former member of the National Defense Commission,Former Vice Director of Munitions Industry Department (MID) Other Information: (UK Sanctions List Ref):DPR0251 (UN Ref): KPi.048 (Further Identifiying Information):Paek Se Bong is a former Chairman of the Second Economic Committee, a former member of the National Defense Commission, and a former Vice Director of Munitions Industry Department (MID) Listed on: 05/06/2017 Last Updated: 31/12/2020 Group ID: 13478.
    [Show full text]
  • International Children's Day and Children's Union Foundation Day Tour
    International Children's Day and Children's Union Foundation Day Tour May 31st – June 7th 2021 7 nights in North Korea + Beijing-Pyongyang travel time OVERVIEW There is a famous saying in North Korea that 'Children are the Kings of the Country' and significant attention is devoted to children's upbringing and education. International Children's Day on the 1st of June is particularly important and celebrations are held in recognition of children throughout North Korea. This is a day that is usually marked by student-oriented activities, events, and celebrations. We'll spend the holiday in the capital Pyongyang out and about in the city visiting locations popular with schoolchildren and their families, letting out our inner child and joining in the fun! During our time in Pyongyang, we will make sure to take you to the best that the country’s capital has to offer, including Kim Il Sung Square, the Juche Tower, and the Mansudae Grand Monument. Apart from Pyongyang, this tour will also visit historic Kaesong and the DMZ, the capital of the medieval Koryo Dynasty and the current North-South Korea border. Want to explore further? This tour will also get your across to the east coast of Korea to visit North Korea's second largest city of Hamhung, and the beachside city of Wonsan. You will then be back in Pyongyang to join in the 75th anniversary celebrations of the founding of the Children's Union, which is the children's membership section of the Worker's Party of Korea. THIS DOCUMENT CANNOT BE TAKEN INTO KOREA The Experts in Travel to Rather Unusual Destinations.
    [Show full text]
  • Inter-Korean Maritime Dynamics in the Northeast Asian Context César Ducruet, Stanislas Roussin
    Inter-Korean maritime dynamics in the Northeast Asian context César Ducruet, Stanislas Roussin To cite this version: César Ducruet, Stanislas Roussin. Inter-Korean maritime dynamics in the Northeast Asian context: Peninsular integration or North Korea’s pragmatism?. North / South Interfaces in the Korean Penin- sula, Dec 2008, Paris, France. halshs-00463620 HAL Id: halshs-00463620 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00463620 Submitted on 13 Mar 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Inter-Korean Maritime Dynamics in the Northeast Asian Context Peninsular Integration or North Korea’s Pragmatism? Draft paper International Workshop on “North / South Interfaces in the Korean Peninsula” EHESS, Paris, December 17-19, 2008 César DUCRUET1 Stanislas ROUSSIN Centre National de la Recherche General Manager & Head of Scientifique (CNRS) Research Department UMR 8504 Géographie-cités / SERIC COREE Equipe P.A.R.I.S. 1302 Byucksan Digital Valley V 13 rue du Four 60-73 Gasan-dong, Geumcheon-gu F-75006 Paris Seoul 153-801 France Republic of Korea Tel. +33 (0)140-464-000 Tel: +82 (0)2-2082-5613 Fax +33(0)140-464-009 Fax: +82 (0)2-2082-5616 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Abstract.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Economic Zones in the DPRK
    Special Economic Zones in the DPRK This issue brief covers the history and recent upsurge of interest in special economic zones (SEZ) in the DPRK. For over twenty years, North Korea has periodically attempted to bolster its economy through the creation of SEZs, starting with the establishment of the Rason Special Economic Zone in the far northeast of the country in 1991. The two Koreas have also established two joint economic zones in the North, the Kaesong Industrial Complex (KIC) and the Mount Kumgang Tourist Region (where operations are now suspended). All of North Korea’s SEZs established to date have been enclaves, attracting investment and foreign currency but not spurring greater economic growth in the rest of the country through the establishment of linkages or through a “demonstration effect” leading to more effective economic policies elsewhere. North Korea’s interest in developing SEZs has been sporadic, but several recent developments indicate that SEZs are becoming an increasingly important part of the country’s economic planning. Beginning in 2010, the DPRK renewed attempts to encourage investment and infrastructure developments in Rason, and more recently announced that new SEZs would be established in each province of the country. 1 This issue brief will cover the history of North Korean SEZs and review recent developments in this field. History of SEZs in North Korea Rason: North Korea’s first SEZ, the Rajin-Sonbong Free Economic and Trade Zone (later contracted to the Rason Economic and Trade Zone), was established in 1991, several years after North Korea first introduced laws allowing foreign investment.
    [Show full text]
  • The Situation Further to Determine If External Assistance Is Needed
    Information bulletin Democratic People’s Republic of Korea: Floods Information Bulletin n° 1 GLIDE n° FL-2013-000081-PRK 26 July 2013 Text box for brief photo caption. Example: In February 2007, the This bulletin is being issued for information Colombian Red Cross Society distributed urgently needed only, and reflects the current situation and materials after the floods and slides in Cochabamba. IFRC (Arial details available at this time. The 8/black colour) Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Red Cross Society (DPRK RCS), with the support of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) is assessing the situation further to determine if external assistance is needed. Since 12-22 July 2013, most parts of DPRK were hit by consecutive floods and landslides caused by torrential rains. As of 23 July, DPRK government data reports 28 persons dead, 2 injured and 18 missing. A total of 3,742 families have lost their houses due to total and partial destruction and 49,052 people have been displaced. Red Cross volunteers were mobilized for early Red Cross volunteers are distributing the relief items to flood affected people in Anju City, South Pyongan province. Photo: DPRK RCS. warning and evacuation, search and rescue, first aid service, damage and need assessment, and distribution of relief items. The DPRK RCS with the support of IFRC has released 2,690 emergency relief kits, including quilts, cooking sets, tarpaulins, jerry cans, hygiene kits and water purification tablets which were distributed to 10,895 beneficiaries in Tosan County, North Hwanghae province and Anju City, South Pyongan province.
    [Show full text]