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New Year's Eve 1992 Brought Havoc to the Southeastern
POLITICAL REVIEWS 457 SaHu, Yaw. 1993. A Current Example of tainty. The national general election Policy-Making on the Trot in Papua New took place on 26 May 1993. Seats in Guinea. Paper presented at Pacific Islands each of the 47 constituencies through Political Studies Association conference, out the country were contested by Rarotonga, 5 December. some 280 candidates. The state of Togarewa, Neville. 1993a. Lihir a "Goer." uncertainty lasted for some time after PC, 24 May, II. the results were announced over na tional radio. Solomon Mamaloni's --. 1993b. Government Sets Saturday party of National Unity won the most Deadline for Talks on Lihir. PC, 29 July, 3. seats, but with only 21 of the total of47 --. 1993c. 50 pct Equity Decision Is it did not have a clear majority. Of the Final. pc, 13 August, 5I. other parties, the People's Alliance Party led by Nathaniel Waena won 7 TPNG, Times ofPapua New Guinea. Weekly. Port Moresby. seats; the new National Action Party of Solomon Islands (Francis Saemala) and the United Party (Ezekiel Alebua) won 5 each; the Labour Party (loses Tuha SOLOMON ISLANDS nuku) won 4; the National Front for New Year's Eve 1992 brought havoc to Progress (Andrew Nori) and the new the southeastern parts of Solomon Solomon Islands Leaders Fellowship Islands as Cyclone Nina passed (Reverend Michael Maeliau) won 2 through. Parts ofMalaita, South each; and 1 was won by an indepen Guadalcanal, Makira, Temotu, and dent (Francis Billy Hilly). A coalition Rennell and Bellona were devastated. government had to be formed. For the people in these islands, a sea Uncertainty and political specula son of celebration and reflection tion were fueled by strong indications became overnight a time ofdisaster that veteran politician and incumbent and lost hopes. -
Political Reviews
Political Reviews The Region in Review: International Issues and Events, 2017 nic maclellan Melanesia in Review: Issues and Events, 2017 volker boege, mathias chauchat, alumita durutalo, joseph daniel foukona, budi hernawan, michael leach, james stiefvater The Contemporary Pacic, Volume 30, Number 2, 461–547 © 2018 by University of Hawai‘i Press 461 political reviews • melanesia 531 ville. 6 April. https://www.economist.com/ early in the year, revealing that the news/asia/21720327-first-pacific-island country was experiencing cash flow -may-choose-stay-part-france-second problems due to financial mismanage- -could-split-papua [accessed 6 Feb 2018] ment (Aatai 2017a). It was alleged by The National. 2017a. Micah Vows to former Prime Minister Gordon Darcy Cancel apec. 31 May. https://www Lilo that the government’s reserve .thenational.com.pg/micah-vows-cancel had been reduced within two years -apec/ [accessed 6 Feb 2018] from si$1.5 billion to si$150 million ———. 2017b Polye Pledges to Help (si$100 = us$12.63). As a result, the B’ville Gain Independence. 19 May. government had to borrow to pay its https://www.thenational.com.pg/polye bills and settle other financial com- -pledges-help-bville-gain-independence/ mitments (sibc 2017b). Minister of [accessed 6 Feb 2018] Finance Snyder Rini assured the gen- Tlozek, Erik. 2017. Papua New Guinea eral public that government finances Loses UN Vote over Unpaid Annual Con- were stable and under control. This tributions. abc News (Australia), 23 Feb. was contrary to the government’s http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-02-24/ actual financial performance through- papua-new-guinea-loses-un-vote-over out the year because the government -unpaid-contributions/8298486 continued to delay the payment of [accessed 13 Feb 2018] bills and meeting its financial com- Vari, Mathew. -
Political Science
Political Science http://pnz.sagepub.com/ The Impact of RAMSI on the 2006 Elections in the Solomon Islands Jon Fraenkel Political Science 2006 58: 63 DOI: 10.1177/003231870605800205 The online version of this article can be found at: http://pnz.sagepub.com/content/58/2/63 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: School of History, Philosophy, Political Science and International Relations at the Victoria University of Wellington Additional services and information for Political Science can be found at: Email Alerts: http://pnz.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://pnz.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav >> Version of Record - Dec 1, 2006 What is This? Downloaded from pnz.sagepub.com at Australian National University on March 28, 2013 THE IMPACT OF RAMSI ON THE 2006 ELECTIONS IN THE SOLOMON ISLANDS JON FRAENKEL Abstract: The Solomon Islands election of April 2006 was the first since the Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands arrived in mid-2003. In its aftermath, riots in Honiara resulted in the destruction of much of Chinatown, the worst incident of civil disorder since the commencement of the Australian-led operation in July 2003. This article examines the election outcomes, and the preceding, largely neglected, impact of RAMSI on the shifting balance between the incumbent Kemakeza government and the opposition. It looks at how and why Snyder Rini’s government emerged victorious on April th18 2006, and why it collapsed eight days later. In conclusion, the article revisits debates about the causes of the Honiara riots, contesting some of the more far-fetched conspiracy theories and emphasising instead the depth of Solomon Islander reaction against a deeply flawed premiership selection process. -
View Profile
Solomon Islands KEY FACTS Joined Commonwealth: 1978 Population: 561,000 (2013) GDP p.c. growth: 0.5% p.a. 1990–2013 UN HDI 2014: World ranking 157 Official language: English Time: GMT plus 11 hrs Currency: Solomon Islands dollar (SI$) Geography Area: 28,370 sq km Coastline: 5,310 km Capital: Honiara Solomon Islands, an archipelago in the south- west Pacific, consists of a double chain of There are large tracts of rough grass on the islands. The international airport is at rocky islands and some small coral islands. northern side of Guadalcanal and Nggela Henderson Field, 13 km east of Honiara. The major islands are Guadalcanal, Choiseul, Sule. Parts of the coast are swampy, Santa Isabel, New Georgia, Malaita and supporting extensive mangrove forests. Society Elsewhere, the coast is dominated by coconut Makira (or San Cristobal). Vanuatu is the KEY FACTS 2013 nearest neighbour to the south-east where palms. Hardwoods now grown for timber the archipelago tapers off into a series of include mahogany, acacia and teak. Population per sq km: 20 smaller islands. Its nearest neighbour to the Wildlife: Indigenous mammals are small and Life expectancy: 68 years west is Papua New Guinea. include opossums, bats and mice. There are Net primary enrolment: 93% crocodiles in the mangrove swamps and sea The country comprises the capital territory of Population: 561,000 (2013); 21 per cent of turtles nest on the shores from November to Honiara and nine provinces, namely Central people live in urban areas; growth 2.6 per February. Birdlife (more than 150 species) (provincial capital Tulagi), Choiseul (Taro cent p.a. -
China and Taiwan in the South Pacific: Diplomatic Chess Versus Pacific Political Rugby
CSCSD Occasional Paper Number 1, May 2007 China and Taiwan in the South Pacific: Diplomatic Chess versus Pacific Political Rugby Graeme Dobell1 Rioters in Solomon Islands chant “waku”—meaning Asian or Chinese—as they burn Chinatown. A pro-democracy rally in Tonga turns into a rage of arson and looting, and the main targets are Chinese shops and stores. After the coup in Fiji, the new military government says it can do without Australia’s help, because it can turn to China for support. Australia’s Prime Minister muses about the “evil” stalking the South Pacific. In 2006, the new Chinese diaspora in the South Pacific smelt the smoke of burning buildings and the China–Taiwan diplomatic tango was a dance through flames. The destruction that Solomon Islanders inflicted on Honiara in April had an echo in what Tongans wrought on Nuku’alofa in November. The recurrence of chaos in Melanesian Honiara and the astounding breakdown in the normal order of Polynesian Tonga had different local causes. The one common element was the way that Chinese businesses became targets. Chinese-owned shops and stores were torched because of the impact of the growing Chinese population across the South Pacific. But there is a diplomatic and geopolitical dimension to the disasters in Solomon Islands and Tonga – the desperate contest for diplomatic recognition between China and Taiwan. Taiwan has become a player in the domestic politics of Solomon Islands as Taipei fights to retain diplomatic recognition. Tonga recognises China. But the closeness of some members of Tonga’s royal family to China meant that attacking Chinese businesses in Nuku’alofa was a way of sending a message to those at the head of a medieval political system. -
Solomon Island Election Results: 2014
Solomon Island Election Results: 2014 Province Electorate Candidate Party Vote % Vote Winner Incumbent Central Province Nggela Bartholomew Parapolo Independent 2094 24.6% * Janet R Hatimoana United Democratic Party 1649 19.4% Frederick Noel Charles Douglas Independent 1346 15.8% Henry Zimbo Independent 1273 15.0% Mark Roboliu Kemakeza Independent 449 5.3% Philip Ashley Soboi Independent 403 4.7% Christian Salini People's Alliance Party 365 4.3% David Harper Independent 300 3.5% Elijah Taikole Independent 274 3.2% Stillwest Longden Kadere Party of Solomon Islands 143 1.7% Leonard Vetena Williams Independent 66 0.8% Ellison Bai Animamu Independent 53 0.6% David Kwan Independent 30 0.4% Isa'ac Kito Seko Independent 25 0.3% Rejected Votes 25 0.3% Nggela Total 8495 100.0% Russells/Savo Dickson Mua Panakitasi Independent 3189 52.8% * * Oliver Salopuka Kadere Party of Solomon Islands 1261 20.9% Allan Kemakeza United Democratic Party 1225 20.3% Aenasi Diosi Independent 136 2.2% Godfrey Narasia Solomon Islands People First Party 112 1.9% Leslie Norris Asad People's Alliance Party 60 1.0% Rejected Votes 17 0.3% Walter Ben Turasi Youth Owned Rural and Urban Party 16 0.3% Constantine Sekudo Independent 15 0.2% John Quan Independent 14 0.2% Russells/Savo Total 6045 100.0% Choiseul Province East Choiseul Mannaseh Sogavare Independent 1596 63.1% * * Ronald Pitamama Democratic Alliance Party 602 23.8% James Ron Kaboke Solomon Islands People First Party 320 12.6% Rejected Votes 12 0.5% East Choiseul Total 2530 100.0% North West Choiseul Connelly Sadakabatu -
Symbol BP Order Ninamo OTUANA Frigate Bird 1 Independent
NOMINATIONS WESTERN PROVINCE Shortlands (4) Symbol BP Order Ninamo OTUANA Frigate Bird 1 Independent George TAYLOR Lamp/Lantern 2 Independent Brisbane AMATORE Party Symbol 3 United Democratic Party Derick PAKO Key (1) 4 Independent Pellion BUARE Party Symbol 5 People's Alliance Party Christopher LAORE Axe 6 Independent NOMINATIONS WESTERN PROVINCE North Vella La Vella (5) Symbol BP Order Clezy RORE Bonito Fish 1 Independent Pye Roberts KUVE Party Symbol 2 United Democratic Party Milner TOZAKA Party Symbol 3 People's Alliance Party Jennings MOVOBULE Party Symbol 4 Kadere Party of solomon Islands NOMINATIONS WESTERN PROVINCE South Vella La Vella (6) Symbol BP Order Qora Alex LIONAL Tree 1 Independent Rence SORE Party Symbol 2 National Transformation Party Christian MESEPITU Party Symbol 3 United Democratic Party NOMINATIONS WESTERN PROVINCE Rannogga/Simbo (7) Symbol BP Order Winson TIGULU Party Symbol 1 United Democratic Party Charles SIGOTO Lamp/Lantern 2 Independent Joi Steven BATO Party Symbol 3 Solomon Islands People First Party Hampton BEKEPIO Party Symbol 4 Pan-Melanesian Congress Party Gideon TUKE Party Symbol 5 National Transformation Party Francis Billy HILLY Ship (Cutter Boat) 6 Independent Jimmy STANLEY Sailing Fish 7 Independent Mairy KOTOMAE Party Symbol 8 People's Alliance Party NOMINATIONS WESTERN PROVINCE Gizo/Kolombangara (8) Symbol BP Order Schulte MAETOLOA War Canoe 1 Independent Gordon Darcy LILO Party Symbol 2 Solomon Islands Party for Rural Advancement Kenneth BULEHITE Ship (Cutter Boat) 3 Independent Jimson Fiau TANANGADA -
Pol It Ical Reviews • Melanesia
pol i t ical reviews • melanesia 597 to them (NC, 6–7 Oct, 12 Oct, 24 Oct that it could get only short-term con- 2006). tracts overseas (NC, 19 Dec 2006). After a month-long blockade, the david chappell police liberated Doniambo, but only two of its four ore sources upcoun- try were functioning. The rpcr and References ae traded barbs over alleged politi- Frogier, Pierre. 2006 Speech at rpcr cal plotting behind the strike, while Congress. 20 May. the cstnc adopted ustke’s tactic IHT, International Herald Tribune. Daily. of on-again, off-again picketing and Paris. http://www.iht.com blockages (NC, 14 Dec, 17 Oct, 20 Oct 2006). The cstnc even shut down the kol, Kanaky Online. http:// fr.groups local newspaper temporarily for what .yahoo.com / group / kanaky it considered unfair reporting (pir, 7 NC, Les Nouvelles-Calédoniennes. Daily. Nov 2006), while repeated negotia- Noumea. http://www.info.lnc.nc / tions stalled. Nea went to court for pir, Pacific Islands Report. his appeal of a conviction from the http://pidp.eastwestcenter.org / pireport previous year of blockades that had rnzi, Radio New Zealand International. condemned him to three months in http://www.rnzi.com prison. The judge upheld the convic- tion and sentence, but told Nea that TPM, Tahiti-Pacifique Magazine. Monthly. he could appeal to a higher court, and Papeete. that there would likely be a “more or less generous” amnesty granted after the 2007 presidential elections Solomon Islands for union-related offenses. By mid- November, Nea was softening his For Solomon Islands, 2006 brought general strike demands, was arrested a lot of expectations for positive for diverting sln funds and, with two change, especially with regard to associates, was fi ned us$20,000, and political leadership at the national soon was offering to resign from the level. -
Rebuilding Parliamentary Rule Post- Conflict
REBUILDING PARLIAMENTARY RULE POST- CONFLICT UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME LEGISLATIVE NEEDS ASSESSMENT SOLOMON ISLANDS FEBRUARY-MARCH 2001, MISSION REPORT CONSULTANT: QUINTON CLEMENTS CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................4 RECOMMENDATIONS .....................................................................................................7 1. INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................. 11 1.1. Context of the Visit................................................................ ....................... 11 1.2. Background...................................................................................................11 1.2.1. Form of Government..............................................................................12 1.2.2. The Parliament ......................................................................................13 2. AREAS FOR INSTITUTIONAL AND CAPACITY STRENGTHENING ................... 16 2.1. Review of Existing Key Legal Documents..................................................... 16 2.1.1. Constitution...........................................................................................17 2.1.2. Standing Orders.....................................................................................18 2.1.3. Ethics provisions and the Leadership Code Act 1999..................................19 2.1.4. National Parliament Electoral Provisions Act 1980......................................22 -
Unbounded Politics in the Solomon Islands: Leadership and Party Alignments
UNBOUNDED POLITICS IN THE SOLOMON ISLANDS: LEADERSHIP AND PARTY ALIGNMENTS Jeffrey S. Steeves University of Saskatchewan The Melanesian countries of the Southwest Pacific--Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and the Republic of Vanuatu--have remained committed to an open, competitive democratic political process since achieving indepen- dence. Unlike former colonies in Africa that preceded them in decolonization, these states have held regular national elections that have seen the defeat of governments and the turnover of national leaders. In addition, the use of no- confidence motions has added another dynamic element to the political pro- cess. However, the Melanesian cultural setting has modified the inherited Westminster model of government. The political process has featured a weak party system, a central role for independent MPs, and shifting coalitions to con- struct new governments. This Melanesian variant can be termed an “un- bounded model” of politics. The Solomon Islands is utilized here as an example of this important Melanesian adaptation. AN INTENSE DEBATE HAS EMERGED among scholars over the potential for democratic transition among Third World countries. The movement for democracy that began in the Philippines with “people power” has become a second revolution. In Asia, Latin America, and Africa, regime change is under way in the wake of external and popular pressures for reform. The transition to democracy has in some cases been complete, with the introduc- tion of a fully competitive political process, while in other countries only partial success has been achieved. Within the scholarly literature, attention has been directed to the preconditions for democracy, the requisites for a successful transition, the configurations of competing societal interests and forces, and the processes of resolving conflict between pro- and antidemoc- Pacific Studies, Vol. -
Solomon Islands Review That Actions of a Dictatorial Government
528 the contemporary pacific • 27:2 (2015) -rpc/81-regional-resettlement-arrangement mon Islands Police Force (rsipf). It .html [accessed 16 Feb 2015] was also an election after civil society PNG Post-Courier. Daily. Port Moresby. organizations aired frustrations with http://www.postcourier.com.pg a Parliament that had legitimated the channeling of state resources into the PNG Post-Courier. 2014. Polye Appointed hands of legislators who were alleg- New PNG Opposition Leader. 3 Decem- ber. http://pidp.eastwestcenter.org/ edly not very prudent in their decision pireport/2014/December/12-03-13.htm making. Moreover, the election was [accessed 16 Feb 2015] the first to be conducted after new legislation on political parties’ integ- Radio Australia. 2013. Papua New Guinea rity was passed and implemented, Lawyer Paul Paraka Charged over $30 Million in Fraudulent Payments. 24 Octo- and it offers an opportunity to assess ber. http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/ the impacts and effectiveness of that international/2013-10-24/papua-new legislation. The election also offers -guinea-lawyer-paul-paraka-charged-over the chance to comment on political -30-million-in-fraudulent-payments/ stability and gender equality ideals in 1209478 [accessed 16 Feb 2015] the country. Finally, the review should Walton, Grant. 2014. PNG Anti-Corrup- enable us to assess what the future tion Agencies Show Their Teeth. DevPoli- holds for the newly elected Demo- cyBlog, 4 April. http://devpolicy.org/png cratic Coalition for Change (dcc) -anti-corruption-agencies-show-their-teeth Government. -20140404/ [accessed 21 March 2015] I highlighted in the conclusion to Yalo, Nemo. 2014. -
3. Understanding Solomon
3. Understanding Solomon Writing the life of Solomon Mamaloni, an account of the social organisation, magic and religion of the people of San Cristoval in the Solomon Islands Christopher Chevalier The life of Solomon Sunaone Mamaloni – the first Chief Minister and three- time Prime Minister of Solomon Islands – sheds light on the social, cultural, economic, political and historical forces that have shaped that country leading up to and beyond independence. Like other figures discussed in this volume, Mamaloni was a significant actor in some of the most crucial events in his country’s transition up to and beyond independence. His memory remains deeply cherished by many of those whom he led. He was a mercurial yet human leader, with both vices and endearing qualities, who took on the herculean task of attempting to bind a fragmented country, only lightly touched by the institutions and values of the Westminster tradition, into a nation. In the first part of the chapter, I summarise the life, career and legacy of the Solomon Islands’ most significant and controversial politician; in the second part, I reflect on writing his life story and what I have learned in the process. Table 2: The life and career of Solomon Mamaloni – a synopsis Born 23 January 1943 at Rumahui, Arosi (West Makira) Brought up in a Maasina Rule stronghold, 1946–50 Attended Church of Melanesia schools 1952–59, King George VI school 1960–63 and Te Aute College, New Zealand 1964–65 Junior public servant 1966–1968, Assistant Clerk to Legislative Council 1968–70 Elected to seat of Makira in 1970, aged 27 Elected first Chief Minister in 1974, aged 31 Resigned from Parliament 1977 Re-elected to Parliament 1980 for the seat of West Makira, which he held for the next 20 years Prime Minister three times: 1981–84, 1989–93, and 1994–97 Died aged 56 years on 11 January 2000 from end-stage kidney disease Source: Author’s compilation.