Initial Environmental Examination
September 2012
MFF 0021-PAK: Power Distribution Enhancement Investment Program – Proposed Tranche 3
Prepared by the Faisalabad Electric Supply Company for the Asian Development Bank.
Draft Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Report
Project Number: F8 {September -2012}
Islamic Republic of Pakistan: Power Distribution Enhancement Investment Program (Multi-tranche Financing Facility)
Tranche-III: Construction of New 60km Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station
Prepared by:
Faisalabad Electric Supply Company (FESCO) Government of Pakistan
The Initial Environmental Examination Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB‟s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Table of Contents
1. Introduction ...... 1 1.1. Overview & Background ...... 1 1.2. Requirements for Environmental Assessment ...... 2 1.3. Scope of the IEE Study and Personnel ...... 4 1.4. Structure of Report ...... 5 2. Policy and Statuary Requirements in Pakistan ...... 6 2.1. Statutory Framework ...... 6 2.1.1. Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 ...... 6 2.1.2. Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of IEE and EIA Regulations, 2000 ...... 6 2.1.3. National Environmental Quality Standards ...... 7 2.1.4. Other Relevant Laws ...... 7 3. Description of the Project ...... 9 3.1. Type of the Project ...... 9 3.1.1. FESCO Existing System ...... 9 3.2. Categorization of the Project ...... 11 3.3. Location of Proposed Project ...... 11 3.4. Need/Objectives of the Project...... 11 3.5. Project Components ...... 12 3.5.1. Energy Loss Reduction Works ...... 12 3.6. Project Alternatives ...... 12 3.6.1. No Project Option (NPO) ...... 12 3.6.2. Siting Alternative ...... 13 3.6.3. Technical Alternatives ...... 13 3.6.4. Type of Circuit Breaker ...... 13 3.7. Decommissioning and Disposal of Materials ...... 14 3.8. Proposed Schedule for Implementation ...... 14 4. Description of Environment ...... 15 4.1. Physical Environment ...... 15 4.1.1. Physiography and Geology...... 15 4.1.2. Meteorology and Climate ...... 16 4.1.3. Ambient Air Quality ...... 16 4.1.4. Noise ...... 17 4.1.5. Surface Water Resources ...... 17 4.1.6. Groundwater Resources ...... 17 4.1.7. Groundwater Quality ...... 18 4.2. Ecological Resources ...... 18 4.2.1. Wildlife, Fisheries & Aquatic Biology ...... 18 4.2.2. Terrestrial Habitats, Forests and Protected Species ...... 18 4.3. Economic Development ...... 19
Table of Contents P | 1 4.3.1. Agriculture ...... 19 4.3.2. Industry ...... 19 4.3.3. Tourism ...... 19 4.4. Social and Cultural Resources ...... 19 4.4.1. Population Communities and Employment ...... 19 4.4.2. Education and Literacy ...... 20 4.4.3. Health Facilities ...... 20 4.4.4. Cultural Heritage and Community Structure ...... 20 5. Screening of Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 21 5.1. Project Location...... 21 5.1.1. Impact Assessment and Mitigation ...... 21 5.1.2. General Approach to Mitigation ...... 21 5.1.3. Cultural Heritage, Mosques, Religious Sites, and Social Infrastructure ...... 22 5.2. Potential Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures in Construction Stage ... 23 5.2.1. Encroachment, Landscape and Physical Disfiguration ...... 23 5.2.2. Cut and Fill and Waste Disposal ...... 23 5.2.3. Trees, Ecology and Protected Areas ...... 23 5.2.4. Hydrology, Sedimentation, Soil Erosion ...... 24 5.2.5. Air Pollution ...... 24 5.2.6. Noise, Vibration and Blasting...... 25 5.2.7. Sanitation, Solid Waste Disposal, Communicable Diseases ...... 26 5.3. Potential Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures in Operational Stage ..... 26 5.3.1. Air pollution and Noise from the Enhanced Operations ...... 26 5.3.2. Pollution from Oily Run-Off, Fuel Spills and Dangerous Goods ...... 27 5.4. Enhancement ...... 27 6. Institutional Requirements & Environmental Management Plan ...... 28 7. Public Consultation and Information Disclosure ...... 47 7.1. Approach to Public Consultation ...... 47 7.2. Public Consultation Process ...... 47 7.3. Results of Public Consultation ...... 48 7.4. Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 48 7.5. Redress Committee, Focal Points, Complaints Reporting, Recording and Monitoring ...... 48 8. Conclusions ...... 51 8.1. Findings and Recommendations ...... 51 8.2. Summary and Conclusions ...... 51 9. References and Document Support ...... 52
Table of Contents P | 2 Figures and Maps
Figure 1.1: Pakistan EIA Process ...... 3 Figure 3.1: FESCO Existing System and Proposed Project Location...... 10 Figure 7.1: Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 50
List of Tables
Table 3.1: FESCO‟s Technical Data ...... 9 Table 3.2: Permissible Conductor Clearances of Transmission Line ...... 14 Table 4.1: Water Quality Data ...... 18 Table 4.2: Educational Institutions ...... 20 Table 5.1: National Environmental Quality Standards for Noise ...... 25 Table 6.1: Summary of Environmental Management Plan-Matrix ...... 29 Table 6.2: Monitoring Plan for Performance Indicators ...... 41
Annexes
Annex-I: Screening Checklists Annex-II: Environmental Monitoring Results Annex-III: Summary of Public Consultation
Name Designation Initial Date
Prepared by Muhammad Sharif Malik Deputy Manager Environment & Safeguard)
Supervised by Tariq Mehmood Additional Chief Engineer / Manager Procurement
Authorized by Tofiq Akbar Azad Chief Engineer Development PMU FESCO Faisalabad
Table of Contents P | 3 List of Abbreviations
ADB Asian Development Bank DISCO Distribution Companies DGS Distribution Grid Station DSC Design and Supervision Consultant ECR Environmental Complaints Register EPA Environmental Protection Agency EPD Environmental Protection Department EIA Environment Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan ESSU Environment & Social Safeguard Unit FESCO Faisalabad Electric Supply Company GoP Government of Pakistan GSO Grid System Operation GWh Gega Watt Hour GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism GRC Grievance Redress Committee GFPs Grievance Focal Points IA Implementation Agency IEE Initial Environmental Examination Km Kilometer KV Kilo Volts LAA Land Acquisition Act (of 1984) LARP Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan MFF Multi Tranche Financing Facility MVA Mega Volt Ampere MW Mega Watts NEQS National Environmental Quality Standards NGO Non-Governmental Organization NOC No Objection Certificate NIBGE National Institute of Biological & Genetic Engineering O& M Operation & Maintenance Pak-EPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency PCB Poly Chlorinated Biphenyl PC Planning Commission PDEMFF Power Distribution and Enhancement Multi-tranche PDE PowerFinance Distribution Facility Enhancement PEPCO Pakistan Electric Power Company Private Limited PEPA Pakistan Environment Protection Act 1997 (as PFRs Projectregulated Financing and amended) Requests PPMS Project Performance Monitoring System POPs Persistent Organic Pollutants REA Rapid Environmental Assessment SPS Safeguard Policy Statement STG Secondary Transmission & Grid TSG Technical Services Group TL Transmission Line
List of Abbreviations P | 4 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
1. Introduction
1.1. Overview & Background 1. This document is the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) for the Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station under Power Distribution Enhancement Investment Program, Tranche-III. This subproject is proposed by Faisalabad Electricity Supply Company (FESCO). This IEE was prepared under the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Power Distribution and Enhancement Multi-Tranche Finance Facility (PDEMFF).
2. Government of Pakistan (GoP) has requested ADB to provide the PDEMFF to facilitate investments in power distribution and development of electric Infrastructures of eight independent distribution companies (DISCOs) that distribute electric supply (power) to end user consumers. The funding from ADB is expected to be released in stages (tranches).
3. The Power Distribution Enhancement (PDE) Investment Program is part of the GoP long term energy security strategy. The proposed ADB intervention will finance new investments in PDE and assist capacity building of sector related agencies. The investment program will cover necessary PDE development activities in secondary transmission/distribution networks of DISCOs. The PDEMFF activities include construction of new grid stations, extension (additional transformers) and augmentation (replacement of transformers with higher capacity), distribution line extensions, new and replacement distribution lines, additional sub-stations, transformer protection and other non-network activities.
4. To utilize ADB Tranche-III loan, FESCO has prepared subproject including Construction of three (03) number 132Kv Grid Stations, Conversion of four (04) number 66Kv existing Grid Stations into 132Kv Grid Stations and five (05) number 132Kv new Transmission Line of length 143Km. Board of Directors FESCO, after having been scrutinized by its Technical Committee approved the aforementioned sub-projects for submission to ADB for financing under Tranche-III Project.
5. This IEE presents the results and conclusions of environmental assessment for the Construction of new 132Kv Transmission Line (TL) subproject proposed by FESCO. Pakistan Electric Power Company Private Limited (PEPCO) has been nominated by Ministry of Water and Power to act as the Executing Agency with each DISCO (FESCO) being the Implementing Agency (IA) for work in its own area. PEPCO‟s role in the processing and implementation of the investment program is that of a co-coordinator of such activities as preparation of PC-1s and Project Financing Requests (PFRs), monitoring implementation activities; that includes submission of environmental assessments for all sub-projects in all tranches of the PDEMFF under ADB operating procedures. An IEE has been carried out to fulfill the requirements of ADB Safeguards Policy Statement (SPS), 2009.
Introduction P | 1 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
1.2. Requirements for Environmental Assessment 6. The environmental assessment requirements of the GoP for grid stations and power distribution subprojects are different to those of ADB. Under GoP regulations, the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) “Review of Initial Environmental Examination and Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations (2000)” categorizes development projects into two schedules according to their potential environmental impact. The proponent of project that has reasonably less foreseeable impacts are required to submit an IEE for their respective subprojects (Schedule-I). Projects that have more adverse environmental impacts (Schedule – II) are required to submit an environmental impact assessment (EIA) to the concerned provincial Environmental Protection Agencies (EPAs), Figure 1.1 shows the Pakistan EIA approval Process.
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Figure 1.1: Pakistan EIA Process
Introduction P | 3 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
7. Initial subproject classification of similar sub-project under Tranche-I & Tranche-II (ADB) was carried out in 2009 and comes under Category “B”. Most of the construction impacts will take place be local one and there are no potential significant environmental impacts associated with the Construction of new 132Kv T/L to be executed under Tranche-III subproject. Currently Initial Environmental Reconnaissance, Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA), Involuntarily Resettlement (IR) & Indigenous People (IP) Screening check list prepared by FESCO. (Refer to the Screening Checklists REA, IR & IP given as Annex-I). According to aforementioned screening documents, environmental impacts associated with the subproject component i.e. Construction of new 132Kv T/L, have limited impacts that are few in number, site specific, largely reversible and readily addressed through mitigation measures.
8. Under the Multi Finance Facility (MFF) loan procedures of ADB, implementation of safeguards is to be achieved under ADB Guidelines. The project that have some adverse environmental impacts but of lesser degree or significance such as Construction of new 132Kv T/L is categorized as Category “B” project. Pak-EPA emphases that proponent must follow the Section 12 of the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act (PEPA) 1997 for all subprojects. Pak-EPA has also assumed that all proponents will consult with the relevant provincial EPAs and follow their advice. With 18th Amendment in Constitution, more power regarding environment are delegated to the provinces. Therefore, this IEE finalized will be submitted to provincial Environmental Protection Department (EPD), Punjab for Approval/No Objection Certificate (NOC) for proposed subproject.
1.3. Scope of the IEE Study and Personnel
9. This IEE study has been carried out with field reconnaissance survey by Environment Team, FESCO for Construction of new 132Kv T/L. The Study Area for subproject was the new T/L route and immediate environs. The Study Area included the identification of irrigation facilities, water supply, habitable structures, schools, health facilities, hospitals, religious places and sites of heritage or archaeological importance and critical areas (if any) within immediate surroundings of the proposed subproject route. The works are generally envisaged to involve construction of foundation, erection of 132Kv towers and stringing. Civil Works will be carried out by the contractors and supervised by the Grid System Construction (GSC) Directorate FESCO.
10. The field studies were undertaken by the subproject Environment Team. The Environment Team of FESCO has carried out preliminary scoping and survey assessment activities, Team has also coordinated the field sampling and analysis, and supervise collection of information and co-ordination in various public consultation activities. The team has compiled all the data from primary and secondary sources and produced the IEE report. The environmental team also benefited from technical support and other information regarding impacts of proposed works from FESCO expert dealing with engineering, power distribution, socio-economic, resettlement and institutional aspects.
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11. During scoping, REA was carried out to establish the potential impacts and categorization of subproject activities. The methodology of the IEE study was then elaborated in order to address all interests. Subsequently, secondary baseline environmental data was collected from all possible sources. The significance of impacts of Construction of new 132Kv T/L was then assessed and for those impacts requiring mitigation, measures were proposed to reduce impacts within acceptable limits.
12. Public Consultations were carried out, in line with ADB‟s in line with ADB guidelines. Under ADB requirements, the environmental assessment process must also include meaningful public consultation during the completion of the draft IEE. In this IEE, the Public Consultation process included verbal disclosure regarding the subproject works as a vehicle for discussion. Consultations were conducted with local families around proposed T/L route and around Grid Station.
1.4. Structure of Report
13. This IEE reviews information on existing environmental attributes of the Study Area. Geological, hydrological and ecological features, land use, transport & traffic, noise/vibration, air quality, water quality, flora & fauna, soils, social and economic aspects and cultural resources are included. The report predicts the probable impacts on the environment due to the proposed subproject enhancement and expansion. This IEE also proposes various environmental management measures. Details of all background environmental quality, environmental impact/pollutant generating activities, pollution sources, predicted environmental quality and related aspects have been provided in this report. References are provided in the end of the IEE report. Following this introduction the report follows ADB guidelines and includes:
Description of the Subproject Description of Environmental and Social Conditions Assessment of Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures Mitigation Measures for identified impacts Institutional Requirements & Environmental Management Plan (EMP) Environmental Monitoring Plan Public Consultation Recommendations and Conclusions
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2. Policy and Statuary Requirements in Pakistan
14. Direct legislation on environmental protection is contained in several statutes, namely the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 the Forest Act, 1927 & the Punjab Wildlife Act, 1974. In addition, the Land Acquisition Act (LAA), 1894 also provides powers in respect of land acquisition for public purposes. There are also several other items of legislation and regulations, which have an indirect bearing on the subproject or general environmental measures.
2.1. Statutory Framework
15. The Constitution of Pakistan distributes legislative powers between the Federal and the provincial governments through two “lists” attached to the Constitution as Schedules. The Federal List covers the subjects over which the federal government has exclusive legislative power, while the Concurrent List contains subjects regarding which both the federal and provincial governments can enact laws. Environmental Pollution and Ecology is included in the concurrent list, hence both the federal and the provincial governments can enact laws on this subject. However, previously only the federal government has enacted laws on environment, and the provincial environmental institutions derive their power from the federal law. The Punjab Environmental Protection Act, 1996 now is superseded by the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997. Presently approval of 18th Constitution Amendment, enactment of environmental laws rest with provincial Environmental Protection Department (EPD) Punjab.
2.1.1. Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997
16. The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 is the basic legislative tool empowering the government to frame regulations for the protection of the environment. The act is applicable to a wide range of issues and extends to air, water, soil, marine, and noise pollution, as well as to the handling of hazardous wastes. The key features of the law that have a direct bearing on the proposed subproject relate to the requirement for an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for development subprojects. Section 12(1) requires that: No proponent of a subproject shall commence construction or operation unless he has filed with the Federal Agency (Pak-EPA) an initial environmental examination (IEE) or, where the subproject is likely to cause an adverse environmental effect, an environmental impact assessment (EIA) and has obtained Approval/NOC in this respect from the Environmental Agency. Thereof, the Pak-EPA has delegated the power of review and approval of environmental assessments to the provincial environmental protection agencies, in this case the EPD, Punjab. (Refer to the Fig 1.1)
2.1.2. Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of IEE and EIA Regulations, 2000
17. The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 provides for two types of environmental assessments: Environment Impact Assessments (EIA) and Initial
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Environmental Examinations (IEE). EIAs are carried out for subprojects that have a potentially “significant” environmental impact, whereas IEEs are conducted for relatively smaller subprojects with a relatively less significant impact. Under Section 12 (and subsequent amendment) of the PEPA, 1997 a project falling under any category specified in Schedule-II requires the proponent to file an IEE or EIA with the federal agency. These schedules provide guidance for Project screening. Within ten working days of the IEE or EIA having been submitted, the federal agency will confirm that the document submitted is complete for the purpose of review. During this time, should the federal agency requires the proponent to submit any additional information; the IEE or EIA will be returned to the proponent for revision, clearly listing those aspects that need further discussion. Subsequently, the federal agency shall make every effort to complete an IEE review within 45 days and an EIA review within 90 days of filing of the complete information of report.
18. Distribution lines and grid substations of 11Kv and above are included under energy subprojects in Schedule II, under which rules EIA is required by GoP. Initial environment examination (IEE) is required for distribution lines less than 11 kV and large distribution subprojects (Schedule I). A review of the need for EIA/ IEE submission is therefore required by the relevant EPA, in this case the Punjab Environment Protection Agency (PEPA) as the project is located in Punjab.
19. There are no formal provisions for the environmental assessment of expanding existing distribution lines and grid substations. The details of this subproject will be forwarded to the Punjab EPA, in order to commence the local statutory environmental assessment process.
2.1.3. National Environmental Quality Standards
20. The National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) were first promulgated in 1993 and have been amended in 1995 and 2000. The NEQS, 2000 specify the following standards:
. Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (32 parameters) in municipal and liquid industrial effluents discharged to inland waters, sewage treatment facilities, and the sea (three separate sets of numbers) . Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (16 parameters) in gaseous emissions from industrial sources . Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (two parameters) in gaseous emissions from vehicle exhaust . Maximum allowable noise levels from vehicles
2.1.4. Other Relevant Laws
21. There are a number of other federal and provincial laws that are important in the context of environmental management. The main laws potentially affecting subprojects in this MFF, Tranche-III are listed below.
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I. The Punjab Wildlife Protection Ordinance, 1972 empowers the government to declare certain areas reserved for the protection of wildlife and control activities within in these areas. It also provides protection to endangered species of wildlife. As no activities are planned in these areas, no provision of this law is applicable to the proposed subproject.
II. The Forestry Act, 1927 empowers the government to declare certain areas reserved forest. As no reserved forest exists in the vicinity of the proposed subproject, this law will not affect to the proposed subproject.
III. The Antiquities Act of 1975 ensures the protection of Pakistan‟s cultural resources. The Act defines “antiquities” as ancient products of human activity, historical sites, or sites of anthropological or cultural interest, national monuments, etc. The Act is designed to protect these antiquities from destruction, theft, negligence, unlawful excavation, trade, and export. The law prohibits new construction in the proximity of a protected antiquity and empowers the GoP to prohibit excavation in any area that may contain articles of archaeological significance. Under the Act, the subproject proponents are obligated to ensure that no activity is undertaken in the proximity of a protected antiquity, report to the Department of Archaeology, GoP, any archaeological discovery made during the course of the subproject.
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3. Description of the Project
3.1. Type of the Project 22. The proposed subproject in this IEE is Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station that has been prioritized by FESCO & decided to be included in the PDEMFF, Tranche-III.
3.1.1. FESCO Existing System 23. FESCO is one of the eight DISCOs, which has been established as a result of WAPDA‟s restructuring in 1998. The key Technical Data of FESCO‟s System is provided in the following table:
Table 3.1: FESCO’s Technical Data
No. Items Units Data 1 Area Jurisdiction Sq. Km 44,247 2 132 KV Grid Station No 53 3 66 KV Grid Station No 26 4 Private Grid Stations No 13 5 Peak load demand(2009 - 2010 Year) MW 2,298 6 Units Purchased 2009-10 GWh 9,291 7 Units Sold 2009-10 GWh 8,317 8 Technical & Distribution losses Percentage 10.48 9 Transmission Lines 132 KV Km 1,540.75 10 Transmission Lines 66KV Km 1,296 11 HT Line Km 35,543 12 LT Line Km 23,235 13 HT line Feeders Nos 758 14 Domestic consumption Million Unit 3,691 15 Domestic consumers(30-06-2010) No. 2,504,756 16 Commercial consumption Million Unit 472 17 Commercial consumers No. 299,925 18 Industrial consumption Million Unit 2,852 19 Agricultural consumption Million Unit 1,041 20 Agricultural consumers No. 33,347 Data Source; FESCO Business Plan 2010-2011
24. The area within the FESCO network comprises, the following districts of the Punjab Province, Faisalabad, Toba Tek Singh, Jhang, Chiniot, Sargodha, Mandi Bahaudin,
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Khushab, Mianwali, Bhakkar. Figure 3.1 shows the Distribution Network of the FESCO System.
Figure 3.1: FESCO Existing System and Proposed Route of 132Kv Transmission Line
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3.2. Categorization of the Project
25. Categorization is based on the most environmentally sensitive component of a subproject. The aspects of the subproject with potential for significant environmental impacts need to be assessed in detail and this environmental assessment has therefore focused on the significant impacts possible from the construction activities of the sub project.
26. The Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station is categorized as Category „B‟ sub-project under ADB requirements as the proposed subproject does not have any environmentally sensitive receptor.
3.3. Location of Proposed Project 27. Construction of proposed 60km 132Kv Double Circuit Transmission line will originate from under construction 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh and ends at 132Kv Grid Station Havelli Bahadar Shah Tehsil Shorkot District Jhang. This Transmission Line passes through nine villages of District Toba Tek Singh & District Jhang. Fig 3.1 presents the location of proposed Grid Station.
3.4. Need/Objectives of the Project
28. The conditions of the power distribution system in Pakistan are inadequate to meet rapidly growing demand for the electricity. This situation limits national development and economic growth. To cope with the constraints, the existing power transmission infrastructure has to be improved, expanded and upgraded. The overall contribution of power infrastructure also requires institutional arrangements and capacity that support strategic management of the sector, and planning and management of investments. Overall the proposed PDEMFF facility has been designed to address both investment and institutional aspects in the power sector.
29. The overarching objectives of the Power Distribution Enhancement Investment Program, Tranche-III is to increase the efficiency, reliability and quality of electric supply. The project aims to achieve:
. Strengthening of electricity transmission network to reduces bottlenecks and improve system reliability or quality. . Strengthening of electricity distribution network to reduce losses and improvement in supply and the same can be achieved by construction of a new T/L in the locality.
30. Utilization of benefits of other MFFs Sub-project which are scheduled to be completed in June 2013 in the vicinity, by identification of Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station in Tranche-III, having better interlink ages.
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3.5. Project Components
31. During the entire duration of the loan period, construction of three (03) numbers new Grid Station at the locations of SPS Colony Faisalabad, City Grid Faisalabad City and Shahbaz Khel Mianwali are proposed, Conversion of four (04) numbers 66Kv existing Grid Station into 132Kv and new 132Kv Transmission Line covering 143km are proposed. This IEE pertaining to Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station is being initiated as an independent subproject under Tranche-III. The components of the proposed subproject are mentioned below:
Component of Sub-Project Description/Name of Work Circuit Length (km) Conductor 220 KV Grid Station TT D/C 60 Rail Singh to HB Shah
3.5.1. Energy Loss Reduction Works
32. The power distribution system in the FESCO network is generally heavily loaded resulting in low voltage, high distribution losses and high rate of transformer failure. The quality of the power supply to the consumers particularly, at the tail and of the feeders is poor. The reasons for high distribution transformer failure include over loading due to growth in number of consumers and electricity demand. The lengthy feeders particularly, in the rural areas, are also a reason for high distribution losses and low voltage. In order to solve above problems, equipment for system modernization and rehabilitation is required, which will be procured through ADB loan proceeds.
3.6. Project Alternatives
3.6.1. No Project Option (NPO)
33. Electricity demand has been increasing during the past several years, and this trend is expected to continue as a result of the on-going economic uplift in the country. The key factors are increasing population, rapid urbanization, industrialization, improvement in per capita income and village electrification. In order to match the increasing trend in the power demand, regular investments in various segments of the power network generation, transmission, and distribution is vitally important. Otherwise, the gap between the supply and demand will keep on increasing.
34. Power supply source for right side of Chenab River from Kot Shakir to Ahmad Pur Sial being southwestern part of FESCO territory, is from MEPCO through 66Kv Transmission Lines. Over this transmission line, three 66Kv Grid Stations i.e. Ahmad Pur Sial, Garh Maharaja & 18-Hazari are fed. These 66Kv Grid Stations feed 120km x 30Km vide strip on right side of River Chenab D/S of Trimmu, is feed through these Grid Stations. These Grid Stations are overloaded beyond their capacity. As such there is no chance of further development due to
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overloading of Distribution System. Peoples of the area, demonstrated several time against the overloading of Distribution System and requested to provide the independent power supply other than MEPCO because they are prone to forced load shedding.
35. There is no independent source of supply in the area except, a proposed Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Construction (near completion stage) Toba Tek Singh. Under Tranche-III, FESCO has proposed construction of 132Kv Transmission Lines (i) From 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Haveli Bahadar Shah (60Km) (ii) Haveli Bahadar Shah to 66Kv Grid 18-Hazari (being converted to 132 KV under Tranche-III) (iii) 66 KV Grid 18-Hazari to 66 KV Grid Garh Maharaja (proposed to be upgraded into 132Kv Grid under Tranche-III).
36. The transmission line is proposed to pass through rural area, away from settlement, Schools, Hospitals and Mosques. The 132Kv transmission lines segment from Haveli Bahadar Shah to 66Kv Grid 18-Hazari will cross the River Chenab D/S of Trimmu Barrage where flow is less.
37. The proposed project seeks to upgrade the distribution system i.e. secondary transmission and grid network of the FESCO system. Construction of the new Transmission Line and Grid Station along with converting or upgrading the existing grid stations will provide the requisite relief to the over-loaded system, while also accommodating additional load. The proposed works will also reduce the line losses and power breakdowns.
38. In case the proposed subproject Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station is not undertaken, the FESCO system will not be able to cope with the increasing demand, the existing system will remain over-loaded, line losses will also remain high, and the system reliability will progressively decrease, with increasing pressure on the system. The utility will also forego the opportunity of increasing its consumers as well as revenue associated with the system expansion. In view of the above, the No Project Option (NPO) is not a preferred alternative.
3.6.2. Siting Alternative
39. The T/L route will be selected in such a way that minimum disturbance to local, people, property, assets and environment taken place. Transmission Line will be away from settled areas, mosques, schools and hospitals.
3.6.3. Technical Alternatives
3.6.4. Type of Circuit Breaker
40. The proposed T/L will involve erection of towers that will be strung with new rail conductor. However in Tranche-III, cost effective and technically feasible design will be developed by the Consultants in collaboration with DISCOs. Present IEE does not based on T/L Design and will be changed on implementation stage if so
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warranted by new developments. However present Transmission Line is based on the following parameters:
Table 3.2: Permissible Conductor Clearances of Transmission Line
Sr. Permissible Description No Clearance (Meters) 1. Cultivated land traversed by Vehicles 6.7 2. Roads/Streets 7.9 3. Communication/Power Lines 2.7 4. Highways 7.9 5. Rail Roads 7.9 6. Electrified Rail Road trolley wire 3.85 7. Rivers in high flood 9.1 8. Places accessible to pedestrian only 7.9 9. Building Roofs not accessible to peoples 5.2 10. Tops of trees 5.0 11. Canals 9.1
3.7. Decommissioning and Disposal of Materials
41. Decommissioning and disposal of discarded material from the subproject will be recycled and reused within the PEPCO system. No waste will be generated that can be classified as hazardous and requiring special disposal. In addition, in case any old transformers are to be replaced, they are not going to be disposed off or discarded and would be recycled and reused within the PEPCO system. As a policy, WAPDA has stopped using transformers that contain PCBs since 1969.
3.8. Proposed Schedule for Implementation
42. Designs arrangements, access, review of environmental management and construction processes could take several months. When the detailed designs are completed, tendering and award of contract will take place. Civil works pertaining to control room, foundation, shipment of equipment & its installation will commence before testing of equipment. At present, detailed implementation schedule for Tranche-III cannot be prepared since the project implementation dates have yet to be finalized. However, on approval of subproject, a comprehensive schedule will be prepared and made a part of Initial Environment Examination (IEE) report.
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4. Description of Environment
43. This section describes environmental conditions of the project area before the commencement of the proposed activities. The environmental baseline data addresses the physical and biological aspects of the project area. Since the proposed project components are located in long strip of Transmission Line, a generic overview of the environmental conditions of this entire length is presented. In view of the absence of any major development activities underway at or around the project sites or any other natural/anthropogenic phenomenon, the environmental conditions of the project sites are unlikely to experience any significant change before the project commencement.
4.1. Physical Environment
4.1.1. Physiography and Geology
44. On the basis of the physical environment and geology, the project area falls in the Indus Basin (Atlas of Pakistan, 1997), which is briefly described below:
45. The Indus Plain essentially forms the western extension of Indo-Gangetic Plain, and has been made up of the silt brought by the Indus and its numerous tributaries, such as Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi and Sutlej on the east bank, and Kabul, Kurram, Tochi, and others on the west bank. The Indus Plain is known for its agricultural fertility and cultural development throughout history. The left bank tributaries of the Indus River meet at Panjnad and flow as one large stream for about 75km before joining the Indus at Mithankot, and south of it, the Indus flows almost alone up to the Arabian Sea without receiving any noticeable tributary.
46. The average annual discharge of the Indus at Attock Khurd is - 92 million acre feet. There is a great fluctuation in their seasonal discharge, especially in the hot summer and rainy season. Almost all of its tributaries and the Indus itself have their sources in snow and glaciated areas of Himalayan, Karakoram and Hindukush mountain systems. On the basis of hydrology and land form, the Indus Plain can be divided into the upper and lower Indus Plains. The Upper Indus Plain (where the project area is located) differs from the Lower Indus Plain primarily because of the major tributaries (Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi and Sutlej) divide the land surface into several interfluves or 'doabs'.
47. Indus Plain is sub-divided into four interfluves plain and the Sulaiman piedmont. The major interfluves are:
. the Sindh Sagar Doab or Thal, between Jhelum and Indus rivers . the Chaj Doab, between Jhelum and Chenab rivers . the Rachna Doab, between Ravi and Chenab rivers . the Bari Doab, between Ravi and Sutlej rivers
Project area falls in the Upper Indus Plain, Chaj Doab & the Rachna Doab.
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48. The prevailing geologic conditions in the region are the results of extensive inundation, depositions, coastal movements, and erosions over a long period of time in the geological ages. The geology of the region is closely related to the formation process of Himalayan ranges resulting in intense deformation with complex folding, high angle strike-slip faults and crust thickening expressed in a series of thrust faults. The important tectonic changes which have had so much influence in the region are feebly visible particularly in the Indus Plain, and it is only by considering the geology on a broader regional scale.
4.1.2. Meteorology and Climate a. Meteorology
49. The climate of most parts of the Project Area is arid to semi-arid characterized by four seasons in a year, that is, winter from Mid-November to February, spring during March and April summer from May to Mid-September and autumn from Mid-September to Mid-November. There exist several meteorological stations in the project area; data recorded at some of these stations is provided in the following sections. b. Temperature
50. Project area falls in central Punjab. Being flat topography, essential climate features are the same. The maximum temperature in summer reaches 44oC. In winter the minimum is 1oC. The mean maximum and minimum temperatures in summer are 41oC and 27oC; and in winter 19oC and 4oC respectively. The summer season starts from April and continues till October. May, June and July are the hottest months. The winter season on the other hand starts from November and continues till March, December, January and February are the coldest months. c. Rainfall
51. The rainy season starts in July and ends in September. Annual rainfall is 408mm. More rains occur in July and August than any other months. Most of the winter rains are received in the months of January, February and March. d. Humidity
52. July, August and September are the most humid months in the area, whereas May and June are the least humid months. Average monthly relative humidity values at various locations in the project area are 55% (EPD, Punjab November 2008).
4.1.3. Ambient Air Quality
53. The primary source of air pollution at the project sites, is the vehicular emissions, and the key pollutants likely to be found at project proposed locations are carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NO ), sulfur dioxide (SO ), and particulate X 2
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matter (PM). Other source of air pollution is dust arising from construction activities.
54. In order to determine the air quality of the area. The air quality monitoring was carried out by the National Institute of Biological & Genetic Engineering (NIBGE) Faisalabad being EPA approved Lab in the vicinity and has the requisite air sampling device and expertise for collection of samples. FESCO has facilitated NIBGE to collect the ambient air samples from 132Kv Grid Station Havali Bahadar Shah District Jhang included in Tranche-I, which is end point of proposed transmission line. Data of 132Kv Grid Station Havali Bahadar Shah Grid Station can be applicable for whole transmission line for establishment of baseline data. (copies of Environmental Monitoring Results are attached at Annex-II).
55. The subproject location of proposed T/L is in the District Toba Tek Singh and District Jhang. There does not exist any large industry or any other significant pollution source near these sites/routes either. As a result, the ambient air quality of these sites is expected to be well within the acceptable limits, and no major criteria pollutants are likely to be found in excess of the limits prescribed by national and international standards.
4.1.4. Noise
56. As per NEQS, permissible noise level is upto 65dBA when measured with a sound meter at a distance of 7.5m from the source. At proposed T/L route the main source of noise emission are the construction activities. Noise from vehicles and other powered mechanical equipment is intermittent. Use of Power Equipment at proposed subproject site is just once during unloading of material and is being of temporary nature. Maintenance vehicle came only on requirement basis. As such there is no noise threat at the proposed subproject site, where Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station is being proposed. Based on professional experience background day time noise levels are probably well below 55dBA. No blasting is to be encountered during Tranche- III works.
4.1.5. Surface Water Resources
57. There are few surface water sources mainly the Jhelum and Chanab which is used for irrigation purposes for agricultural lands in the area.
4.1.6. Groundwater Resources
58. The major sources of the groundwater in the area are hand pumps, pressure pumps and tube wells. The main source of drinking water in the area is groundwater, which is pumped through hand pumps, pressure pumps and tube wells. The groundwater is also used for irrigation purposes.
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4.1.7. Groundwater Quality
59. For establishment of baseline data and to assess the ground water quality 132Kv Grid Station Havali Bahadar Shah District Jhang included in Tranche-I, which is end point of proposed T/L segment is taken, groundwater samples were collected and got tested from NIBGE Faisalabad, an EPA approved Lab in the city (Refer to Environmental Monitoring Results attached at Annex-II). For baseline establishment, the sample of Ground Water collected from 132Kv Grid Station Havali Bahadar Shah District Jhang has been tested to assess the groundwater quality. However comparison of groundwater sample has been made with WHO drinking water standards. The baseline comparison Data for Havali Bahadar Shah District Jhang is placed at table below:
Table 4.1: Water Quality Data
132Kv Grid Station Havali WHO Standard Sr. Water Quality Bahadar Shah District Jhang Unit for Drinking No. Parameter (Tranche-I addition Sub- Water Project)
1. pH - 6.5-8.5 7.34 2. Conductivity (ms/cm) NG 1.565 3. Total Dissolved (mg/l) 1000 (WHO) 1001 Salts (TDS) 4. Hardness mg/l 500 (WHO) 180 5. Alkalinity (mg/l) NG 112 6. Chromium mg/l 0.05 <0.01 7. Lead mg/l 0.01 <0.01 8. Turbidity *FAU NG <1FAU 9. Total Coliform 0 cfu/100ml Nil (WHO) 1950
* FAU: Formazin Attenuation Unit
4.2. Ecological Resources
4.2.1. Wildlife, Fisheries & Aquatic Biology
60. There is no wildlife except jackals, dogs and snakes etc. Common species of birds found in the project area are sparrows, crows, pigeon, dove, tiliar (starling), parrot, quail, pintail and humming bird etc,.
4.2.2. Terrestrial Habitats, Forests and Protected Species a. Vegetation cover and trees
61. The district's trees consist of jand (Prosopis spicigera), karir (Capparis aphylla), beri (Zizyphus jujuba), van (Salvadora oleoides), kikar (Acacia nilotica), shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) and aak (Calotropois spp). Various herbs can also be found, including harmal, akrey and bathoo.
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62. There is wild growth of Mesquite bushes and some Eucalyptus trees in the areas near the works but natural forest cover has been significantly reduced in the past. Some of the older stands of trees specially fruit trees, still survive the onslaught of urbanization on this previously natural and agricultural area. There is probably little natural vegetation in the project area. b. Protected areas / National sanctuaries
63. In Pakistan there are several areas of land devoted to the preservation of biodiversity through the dedication of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. There are no protected areas near proposed site.
4.3. Economic Development
4.3.1. Agriculture
64. District Toba Tek Singh is one of the best producer of orange "locally known as kenno". It contributes towards export standard quality of orange produced in all Pakistan. The majority of people living in this district have profession of agriculture and it produce several kind of agricultural and dairy products like meat, eggs, cotton, maize, several pulses, peach, guava, tomato, melon, water melon, mango, tobacco and onion.
4.3.2. Industry
65. Different industries exist in both the district comprising Sugar Mills, Ice Factories, Ginning Factories, Cold Storages, Oil Expellers, Flour Mills, Poultry Feeds, Cotton Factories etc. The industry is contributing towards the Gross domestic product (GDP) of the country.
4.3.3. Tourism
66. Various attractions are present in both the districts. Jhang District is home to the tomb of the heroine of a famous love story, Heer Ranjha. Heer's tomb lies just north of Jhang on the way to Faisalabad. An annual fair is held at her tomb. A forest park with the name of Manzoor Elahi Forest Park has been established by the Government of Punjab for the citizens of Toba Tek Singh. It is located on Jhang Road at a distance of approximately 1km from the old “Chungi”. The park comprises beautiful plantation, vast play grounds, recreational facilities for children, and tiled pathways. Citizens of Toba Tek Singh find the forest park a rejuvenating reprieve and visit it in large numbers.
4.4. Social and Cultural Resources
4.4.1. Population Communities and Employment
67. The total population of Toba Tek Singh and Jhang District was 905,580 and 2800,000 as enumerated in March, 1998. As emerged from 1998 Census the population of Toba Tek Singh District is predominantly Muslim, i.e. 720,601 and
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184,979 were non-Muslim. Punjabi is the predominant languages being spoken in the district followed by Urdu, Pushto and Siraiki spoken.
68. The population of the both the districts consist of self-employed (including farming and trade), private employees and government employees.
69. The main occupation of women in rural areas of Toba Tek Singh and Jhang civil division are house-keeping which includes attending to the cattle, extracting butter and ghee from milk, weaving and sewing of family clothes. In addition they generally help their men-folk on farms with the lighter duties like transplanting of seedlings, threshing and winnowing of grains and sometimes they also help in harvesting. In city women are house-wives or work as professional‟s doctors, nurses, teaching and in offices.
4.4.2. Education and Literacy
70. The literacy ratio of both the Toba Tek Singh and Jhang District is very high and counted amongst top cities of Pakistan. Both the district has number of educational institution, some of the major are shown in the table below:
Table 4.2: Educational Institutions
Toba Tek Singh District Jhang District
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad Sub Faran Model College, Jhang Campus CCAPS the new COMSAT University Chenab College, Jhang Govt Municipal Degree College Toba Tek Lahore College for Women University Singh Govt PST college Kamalia I-Soft College Of Commerce And Computer Sciences Jhang Govt College of commerence in Toba Faran Model College, Jhang Tek Singh, Gojra, Kamalia Allama Iqbal College Gojra Chenab College, Jhang Jinah Public School (JPS)Toba Tek Lahore College for Women University Singh
4.4.3. Health Facilities
71. Ample medical and health facilities are available in both the districts. District Headquarter Hospital and Tehsil Headquarter Hospital are established at District & Tehsil Headquarters respectively. In rural areas dispensaries & rural health centers are functional.
4.4.4. Cultural Heritage and Community Structure 72. There are no official heritage sites or historic, religious or archeologically important sites located in the subproject works areas. There are no major historic or archaeological feature of note but there a few places of worship i.e. mosques within about 500m of the works.
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5. Screening of Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
5.1. Project Location
5.1.1. Impact Assessment and Mitigation
73. The location and scale of the works are very important in predicting the environmental impacts. This process of impact prediction is the core of the IEE process and it is critical that the recommendations and mitigation measures are carried out according to reference with the conditions on the ground in the affected areas in the spirit of the environmental assessments process. In this section the potential environmental impacts are reviewed. Where impacts are significant enough to exceed accepted environmental standards, mitigation is proposed in order to reduce residual impact to acceptable levels and achieve the expected outcomes of the project being implemented. Therefore, it is essential that a proper analysis is carried out during the project planning period. In this regard, the impact prediction plays a vital role as these predictions are used for developing mitigation measures and any alternative options, if appropriate. When the detailed designs are completed the impacts and mitigation measures will need to be further reviewed to take account of how the contracts are set up and in the light of any changes of the subproject proposals.
74. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been compiled based on the data/information available and shall be reviewed in due course at project inception and through construction in order to feed back any significant unpredicted impacts. It is based on the analysis of impacts, primarily to document key environmental issues likely to arise from subproject implementation, to prescribe mitigation measures to be integrated in the project design, to design monitoring and evaluation schedules to be implemented during subproject project construction and operation, and to estimate costs required for implementing subproject mitigation measures. The EMP, if required may be reviewed/updated in the subproject inception by the project management and approved before any construction activity is initiated, to take account of any subsequent changes and fine tuning of the proposals.
5.1.2. General Approach to Mitigation
75. Based on experience on some projects, contractors have put emphasis on the financial compensation for nuisances. This may be acceptable for some social impacts where evacuation is necessary or where houses have been accidentally damaged, however it is not best international practice to accept payment for environmental impacts. An approach whereby the subproject contractor pays money for nuisances rather than control impacts at source will not be acceptable. This practice should not be allowed and financial compensation shall not be allowed as mitigation for environmental impacts or environmental nuisance.
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76. During the preparation for the Subproject, bidders/contractors for future subprojects, must be notified and prepared to co-operate with the executing agency, project management, supervising consultants and local population in the mitigation of impacts. Furthermore the contractor must be primed through bidding stages and the contract documentation to implement the EMP in full and be ready to engage trained environmental management staff to audit the effectiveness and review mitigation measures as the project proceeds. The effective implementation of the EMP will be audited as part of the loan conditions and the executing agency (FESCO) must be prepared for this. In this regard the FESCO must fulfill the requirements of the law and guidance prepared by Pak-EPA on the environmental aspects of power projects and the recommendations already made for subproject in this IEE and under PEPA, 1997.
77. Work on the proposed Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station could cause some generation of air borne dust, but any nuisance from this is likely to be very localized and temporary. Other project activities, e.g. movement of heavy vehicles on unpaved tracks during the works, could generate considerable dust. Water is available in the study area, although surplus water may not always be available to suppress dust at vulnerable locations in the dry season. Therefore as a general approach it is recommended that where works are within 15m of any residential sensitive receivers, the contractor should install segregation between the works and the edge of the sensitive receivers. Where dust is the major consideration the barrier can take the form of tarpaulins.
78. Noise from the construction activities should not be a major consideration unless very close to schools or hospitals where construction should be avoided at sensitive times. In addition to the physical effect of mitigating dust and noise with barriers installation of such measures should be discussed with the local population and serve as a vehicle for further public consultation at the implementation stage to assist in public relations.
5.1.3. Cultural Heritage, Mosques, Religious Sites, and Social Infrastructure
79. As described in the baseline, there are no mosques or other religious sites close to the sites where proposed Construction of new 132Kv T/L works are to be carried out.
80. The nearest clinic/hospital are more than 500m from the edge of the subproject sites. Apart from these features, there will be sufficient buffer distance between the works and any other sensitive receivers, so that no significant impacts should be expected. Public consultation should be undertaken at the implementation stage to ensure nuisances are not allowed to escalate for the sensitive receivers close to the proposed T/L route.
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5.2. Potential Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures in Construction Stage
5.2.1. Encroachment, Landscape and Physical Disfiguration
81. The extent of the proposed subproject is moderate and should not extend beyond the RoW of the T/L. No significant landscape impacts are expected from proposed T/L subproject.
5.2.2. Cut and Fill and Waste Disposal
82. Disposal of surplus materials must also be negotiated through local authority approvals prior to the commencement of construction. The subproject work should not involve any significant cutting and filling but minor excavations may be required to construct the foundations for the towers.
83. If surplus materials arise from the excavation activities, these should be used elsewhere on the subproject before additional soil, rock, gravel or sand is brought in. The use of immediately available material will generally minimize the need for additional rock based materials extraction from outside. The subproject detailed designers have so far estimated that no substantial additional materials will be required subject to confirmation at the detailed design stage.
84. Contractual clauses should be included to require each contractor to produce a materials management plan (one month before construction commences) to identify all sources of cement and aggregates and to balance cut and fill. The plan should clearly state the methods to be employed prior to and during the extraction of materials and all the mitigation measures to be employed to mitigate nuisances to local residents. Financial compensation shall not be allowed as mitigation for environmental impacts or environmental nuisance. Mitigation measures shall seek to control the impacts at source in the first place. The supervising consultant (site engineer) shall be responsible to update the subproject cut and fill estimates and create Materials Master Plan to facilitate materials exchange between the different contract areas of similar nature and to provide an overall balance for materials and minimize impacts on local resources.
5.2.3. Trees, Ecology and Protected Areas
85. There are no Reserved or Protected Forests or trees near the proposed T/l route. If for some unforeseen reason, any trees with religious significance or other trees need to be removed, written permission should be obtained from the forest authority after written justification by FESCO. During construction in any stage, if some trees need to be removed from private land or forest, written approval is required. Trees shall be planted to replace the lost trees with three trees planted to replace every cut tree (3:1) or more as agreed with the authority. While preparation of PC-1 of the project provision of “Environmental Mitigation Cost” be made in total sum. Cost of plantation (if deemed necessary) will be born from above allocation.
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86. A requirement shall be inserted in the contracts that no trees are to be cut from proposed works site, without the written permission from the supervising consultant who may permit the removal of trees if unavoidable on safety/technical/engineering grounds after written justification by FESCO and to the satisfaction of the forest authority and the owner.
5.2.4. Hydrology, Sedimentation, Soil Erosion
87. The drainage streams en-route of the subproject should not be impeded by the works. The scale of the works does not warrant hydrological monitoring.
5.2.5. Air Pollution
88. The material (cement, sand and aggregate) requirement of a typical T/L subproject is not large. Construction materials are stored within the proposed site, which means that at any given point in time the amount of construction material stored is not significant. The quantities of construction material required for a proposed subproject are not so large that they potentially represent a traffic hazard, these requirements are time dispersed. The contractor will be, however, required to provide a traffic management plan before commencement of work at site. Field observations indicate that ambient air quality is generally acceptable and that emissions from traffic and other powered mechanical equipment in the area are rapidly dispersed. There will be a few items of powered mechanical equipment to be used in the construction of the proposed subproject works that may give rise gaseous emissions. However these should be well dissipated.
89. Earthworks will contribute to increasing dust, and the foundation earthworks for the transformers will generate dust and the following mitigation measures are needed:
. Dust suppression facilities (water sprayers/hosepipe) shall be available where earth and cement works are required. . Areas of construction (especially where the works are within 50m of the sensitive receivers) shall be maintained damp by watering the construction area. . Construction materials (sand, gravel, and rocks) and spoil materials will be transported trucks covered with tarpaulins. . Stock piles will be at least 30m downwind of the nearest human settlements. . All vehicles (e.g., trucks, equipment, and other vehicles that support construction works) shall be well maintained and not emit dark, smoky or other emissions in excess of the limits described in the NEQS.
90. The need for large stockpiles should be minimized by careful planning of the supply of materials from controlled sources. Stockpiles should not be located within 50m of schools, hospitals or other public amenities such as wells and pumps and should be covered with tarpaulins when not in use and at the end of the working day to enclose dust.
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5.2.6. Noise, Vibration and Blasting
91. It is anticipated that powered mechanical equipment and some local labour with hand tool methods will be used to construct the subproject works. No blasting is anticipated. Powered mechanical equipment can generate significant noise and vibration. The cumulative effects from several machines can be significant. To minimize such impacts, the contractor for subproject should be requested by the construction supervision consultants (engineer) to provide evidence and certification that all equipment to be used for construction is fitted with the necessary air pollution and noise dampening devices to meet NEQS requirements.
Table 5.1: National Environmental Quality Standards for Noise
Category of Effective from 1st July, Effective from 1st July, S No. Area/Zone 2010 2012
Limit in dB(A) Leq*
Day time Night time Day time Night time
1. Residential are (A) 65 50 55 45 2. Commercial area (B) 70 60 65 55 3. Industrial area (C) 80 75 75 65 4. Silence zone (D) 55 45 50 45 Note: i. Day time hours: 6 .00 am to 10.00 pm ii. Night Time hours: 10.00 pm to 6.00 am iii. Silence zone: Zones which are declared as such by the competent authority. An area comprising not less than 100 meters around hospitals, educational institutions and courts and courts. iv. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above-mentioned categories by the competent authority. v. dB(A) Leq: time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A which is relatable to human hearing.
92. Noise will be monitored at a distance of 100m from the boundary wall of any residential unit and should follow the NEQS 45db(A)Leq. It is recommended that no construction should be allowed during night time (10PM to 6PM). Any noise equipment should be located within DGS or as far from SRs as possible to prevent nuisance to dwellings and other structures from operation. However, if the noise still exceeds NEQS then noise barriers will be installed around the equipment to reduce the effects of the noise.
93. Vibration from construction of piles to support pads may be required for some tower construction and may be a significant impact but this should be short duration. Where vibration could become a major consideration (within say 100m of schools, religious premises, hospitals or residences) a building condition survey should take place prior to construction. The physical effect of piling should
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be assessed prior to construction and measures should be discussed with the local population as well as timing of the works to serve as a vehicle for further public consultation at the implementation stage and to assist in public relations. At nearby schools, the contractor shall discuss with the school principals the agreed time for operating these machines and completely avoid machine use near schools during examination times, if such a need arises.
5.2.7. Sanitation, Solid Waste Disposal, Communicable Diseases
94. The main issues of concern are uncontrolled or unmanaged disposal of solid and liquid wastes into watercourses and natural drains, improper disposal of storm water and wastewater and open defecation by construction workers.
95. In order to maintain proper sanitation around construction sites, provision of temporary toilets should be made. Construction worker camps will not be necessary, based on the scale of the works needed. If for some unforeseen reason a larger workforce is needed any construction camp should not be located in settlement areas or near sensitive water resources and portable lavatories or at least pit latrines should be provided to avoid contamination.
96. Wherever water is allowed to accumulate, in temporary drainage facilities, due to improper storm water management, or improper disposal of wastewater generated from the site, it can offer a breeding site for mosquitoes and other insects which may cause some viral diseases. Vectors such as mosquitoes may be encountered if open water is allowed to accumulate at the locations of subproject site. Temporary and permanent drainage facilities should therefore be designed to facilitate the rapid removal of surface water from all areas and prevent the accumulation of surface water ponds.
5.3. Potential Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures in Operational Stage
5.3.1. Air pollution and Noise from the Enhanced Operations
97. The subproject works being construction of new T/L in nature, will not disturb houses, mosques or schools close to the proposed T/L route. However, it is recommended that an acoustical check be made on the detailed design to determine of any noise barriers are required. There should be no source of atmospheric pollution from the subproject. In the operational phase any nearby industrial facilities with fuel powered mechanical equipment will be the main polluters. All such emissions will be very well dissipated in the open terrain and there will be no cumulative effect from the subproject.
98. Noise impacts from the operation of the T/L equipment should be reviewed at the detailed design stage. There are no national noise standards in Pakistan for power distribution. A criterion of 70Db(A) Leq (exterior, boundary of DGS) has been used for assessment in previous IEE studies. It is recommended that a check be made on the likely acoustical performance based on makers specifications of the proposed equipment at the detailed design stage.
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5.3.2. Pollution from Oily Run-Off, Fuel Spills and Dangerous Goods
99. No significant impacts from oily residues such as transformer oil and lubricants are expected to arise in this subproject. However control measures will be needed for oily residues such as maintenance vehicles for the T/L in the case of accidental or unexpected release.
5.4. Enhancement
100. Environmental enhancements are not a major consideration for the proposed T/L route. However it is noted that it is common practice at many such sites to create some local hard and soft landscaping and successful planting of fruit trees and shrubs. This practice should be encouraged as far as practicable. Other opportunities for enhancements can be assessed prior to construction and proposed enhancements should be discussed with the local population to serve as a vehicle for further public consultation at the implementation stage and to assist in public relations. Trees removed for construction purposes should be replaced as compensation in line with best practice at ratio of three replaced for one removed however additional trees should be planted as enhancements where there is space in proposed subproject.
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6. Institutional Requirements & Environmental Management Plan
101. In this section, the mitigation measures that are required for Construction of new 132Kv T/L to reduce residual impact to acceptable levels and achieve the expected outcomes of the project, are discussed. The EMP is based on the type, extent and duration of the identified environmental impacts for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station. The EMP has been prepared following best practice and by reference to the ADB Guidelines.
102. It is important that the recommendations and mitigation measures are carried out according to the spirit of the environmental assessment process and in line with the guidelines of funding agencies. The details of the EMP are given in Table 6.1 for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station. The impact prediction has played a vital role in reconfirming typical mitigation measures and in identifying any different approaches based on the feasibility and detailed design assumptions and any alternatives available at this stage.
103. Prior to implementation and construction of the proposed subproject, EMP shall be amended and reviewed by the FESCO after detailed designs are completed. Such a review shall be based on reconfirmation and additional information, on the assumptions made at this feasibility stage on location, scale and expected operating conditions of the subproject. The IEE and EMP should than be revised.
104. The IEE and EMP must be reviewed by the project management and approved by the PEPA before any construction activity is initiated. ADB Guidelines also requires fine tuning of the sub-project, when conditions are changed. It is recommended that, before pre-qualification of contractors and execution of the works, contract documents be reviewed so that full details of the environmental requirements of the project (IEE/EIA and EMP) are included in the bidding documents. Professional experience indicates that past environmental performance of contractors and their awareness of environmentally responsible procurement should also be used as indicator criteria for the prequalification of contractors.
105. In order to facilitate the implementation of the EMP, during construction phase FESCO must educate the future contractors to cooperate with all stakeholders in the mitigation of impacts. Furthermore the contractor must be primed through the contract documentation and ready to implement all the mitigation measures. FESCO will need to engage at least one trained environmental management specialist who can audit the effectiveness and review mitigation measures as the subproject will be implemented. The effective implementation of the EMP will be audited as part of the midterm review of loan conditions and the executing agency must prepare for this at the inception stage.
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Table 6.1: Summary of Environmental Management Plan-Matrix Responsibility Environmental Timing to implement Locations to Objectives Mitigation Measures recommended to implement Monitoring concern MM implement MM MM DESIGN STAGE 1. Flora and To minimize damage 1. Ensure that minimal flora is damaged. Before the Flora and Fauna ES SMEC ES FESCO Fauna to flora and fauna 2. Ensure that fauna especially bird nesting‟s are not commencement of sensitive locations damaged. construction activities/during design stage
2. Hydrological To minimize 1. Hydrological flow in areas where it is sensitive, such Before the If lines or substation ES FESCO ES FESCO Impacts hydrological and as water courses or bridges and culverts. commencement of are relocated near with the ES drainage impacts 2. Design of adequate major and minor culverts facilities construction water courses, SMEC (Design during constructions. will be completed. activities/during culverts or bridges in Consultant) design stage the design stage reports
3. Noise barriers Ensure cumulative 1. Conduct detailed acoustic assessment for all 1. During detailed Noise sensitive ES FESCO with ES FESCO noise impacts are residential, school, (other sensitive structures) within design stage. No later locations identified in the ES SMEC and ES acceptable in 50m of line. than pre-qualification the IEE/EIA/EMP or (Design SMEC construction and 2. If noise at sensitive receiver exceeds the permissible or tender as required / Consultant) operational phase. limit, the construction activities should be mitigated, negotiations. approved by PEPA. monitored and controlled. 3. If noise at sensitive receiver exceeds the permissible 2. Include acoustic limit, the design to include acoustic mitigation (noise specification in the barrier or relocation of noisy equipment) and monitoring. contract.
4. Waste disposal Ensure adequate 1. Create waste management policy and plan to identify 1.Prior to detailed FESCO ESU. ES FESCO with ES FESCO disposal options for sufficient locations for, storage and reuse of design stage no later Locations approved the ES SMEC with the ES all waste including transformers and recycling of breaker oils and disposal than pre-qualification by EPA and FESCO (Design SMEC transformer oil, of transformer oil, residually contaminated soils and or tender negotiations and local waste Consultant) residually scrap metal “cradle to grave”. disposal authorities. contaminated soils, 2. Include in contracts for unit rates for re-measurement 2. Include in contract. scrap metal. for disposal. 3. Designate disposal sites in the contract and cost unit disposal rates accordingly. 5. Temporary Include mitigation in 1. Identify locations where drainage or irrigation During designing Locations based on ES FESCO with ES FESCO drainage and preliminary designs crossing RoW may be affected by works. stage no later than drainage or irrigation the ES SMEC with the ES erosion control for erosion control 2. Include protection works in contract as a payment pre-qualification or crossing RoW of SMEC and temporary milestone(s).
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Responsibility Environmental Timing to implement Locations to Objectives Mitigation Measures recommended to implement Monitoring concern MM implement MM MM drainage. tender negotiations. T/L.
6. Contract Ensure requirements 1. Include EMP Matrix in tender documentation and During tender Noise sensitive ES FESCO with ES FESCO clauses and make contractors responsible to implement mitigation preparation. locations identified in the ES SMEC with the ES recommendations of measures by reference to EIA/IEE in contract. the IEE/EIA/EMP or SMEC environmental 2. Include preparation of EMP review and method No later than pre- as required / assessment are statement WM plan, TD and EC Plan in contract as a qualification or tender approved by PEPA. included in the payment milestone(s). negotiations contracts. 3. Require environmental accident checklist and a list of controlled chemicals / substances to be included in the In bidding documents contractor‟s work method statement and tender as evaluation criteria. documentation. CONSTRUCTION STAGE 1. Hydrology And To ensure the proper 1. Consideration of weather conditions when particular Prepare a thorough 1. Locations of each ES Contractor ES SMEC Drainage Aspects implementation of any construction activities are undertaken. drainage construction activity and requirements 2. Limitations on excavation depths in use of recharge management plan to to be listed by the mentioned in EPA areas for material exploitation or spoil disposal. be approved by CSC CSC engineer. ES FESCO conditions of approval 3. Use of landscaping as an integrated component of one month prior to a letter in relation to construction activity as an erosion control measure. commencement of 2. Special locations Hydrology of the 4. Minimizing the removal of vegetative cover as much construction are identified on the project. as possible and providing for it s restoration where site by the contractor construction sites have been cleared of such areas. Proper timetable to minimize prepared in disturbances. consideration with the climatic conditions of 3. A list of locations the area, the different of irrigation channels construction activities / drains to be mentioned here to be compiled and guided. included in the contract.
2. Orientation for To ensure that the 1. FESCO ESU environmental specialist to monitor and Induction course for All staff members in FESCO ES, ES FESCO Contractor, and CSC contractor and progress all environmental statutory and recommended all site agents and all categories. Contractor and with the ES Workers workers understand obligations. above including all Monthly induction ES SMEC SMEC . and have the capacity 2 Conduct special briefing for managers and / or on-site relevant FESCO staff and six month to ensure the training for the contractors and workers on the / new project staff refresher course as environmental environmental requirement of the project. Record before necessary until requirements and attendance and achievement test for contractors site commencement of contractor complies. implementation of agents. work. 3. Agreement on critical areas to be considered and
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Responsibility Environmental Timing to implement Locations to Objectives Mitigation Measures recommended to implement Monitoring concern MM implement MM MM mitigation measures. necessary mitigation measures, among all parties who At early stages of are involved in project activities. construction for all 4. Continuous progress review and refresher sessions construction to be followed. employees as far as reasonably practicable.
3. Water quality To prevent adverse Compile temporary drainage management plan one 1 month prior to 1. 50m from water 1.ES Contractor water quality impacts month before commencement of works. construction. bodies 2. Relevant due to negligence locations to be and ensure 1. Proper installation of temporary drainage and erosion determined in the unavoidable impacts control before works within 50m of water bodies. detailed project 2. Contractor are managed 2. Proper maintenance and management construction design. has to check effectively. Ensure of TD and EC measures, including training of operators water quality adverse impacts on and other workers to avoid pollution of water bodies by and report to water quality caused the considerate operation of construction machinery FESCO. by construction and equipment. activities are 3. Storage of lubricants, fuels and other hydrocarbons in minimized. self-contained dedicated enclosures >50m away from water bodies. 4. Proper disposal of solid waste from construction activities. ES SMEC 5. Cover the construction material and spoil stockpiles and ES with a suitable material to reduce material loss and FESCO sedimentation and avoid stockpiling near to water bodies. review 6. Topsoil stripped material shall not be stored where results natural drainage will be disrupted. 7. Borrow sites (if required) should not be close to sources of drinking water. 4. Air quality To minimize dust CONTROL ALL DUSTY MATERIALS AT SOURCE. During all 1.Construction sites Contractor FESCO ES effectively and avoid construction. within 100m of should maintain / ES SMEC complaints due to the 1. All heavy equipment and machinery shall be fitted in sensitive receivers. acceptable airborne particulate full compliance with the national and local standard. matter released to the regulations.(Relevant regulations are in the Motor 2. A list of locations atmosphere. vehicles fitness rules and Road Act). to be included in 2. Stockpiled soil and sand shall be slightly wetted contract and other before loading, particularly in windy conditions. sensitive areas ES SMEC to 3. Fuel-efficient and well-maintained haulage trucks identified by the supervise shall be employed to minimize exhaust emissions. CSC along the ROW
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Responsibility Environmental Timing to implement Locations to Objectives Mitigation Measures recommended to implement Monitoring concern MM implement MM MM 4. Vehicles transporting soil, sand and other during works. activities. construction materials shall be covered. Limitations to speeds of such vehicles necessary. Transport through densely populated area should be avoided. 5. To plan to minimize the dust within the vicinity of orchards and fruit farms. 6. Spraying of bare areas with water. 7. Concrete plants. to be controlled in line with statutory requirements should not be close to sensitive receptors. 5. Ground To minimize ground 1. Review requirements for piling and use of powered 1 month prior to 1.Construction sites Contractor FESCO ES Vibration vibrations during mechanical equipment within 100m of SRs. construction. within 100m of should maintain / SMEC ES construction. 2. Review conditions of buildings and conduct public sensitive receivers. the acceptable consultation with SRs to establish less sensitive time for standards works involving piling and schedule works accordingly. 2. A list of locations 3. Non-percussive piling methods to be used wherever to be included in ES SMEC to practicable. contract and other supervise 4. Percussive piling shall be conducted in daylight sensitive areas relevant hours. identified by the activities. 5. Hammer- type percussive pile driving operations shall CSC along the ROW not be allowed at night time. during works.
6. Noise To minimize noise 1. Review requirements for use of powered mechanical 1 month prior to 1.Construction sites Contractor FESCO ES increases during equipment within 100m of SRs. construction. within 100m of should maintain / SMEC construction. 2. Conduct public consultation with SRs to establish sensitive receivers. the acceptable less sensitive time for works and schedule works standards accordingly. 3. All heavy equipment and machinery shall be fitted in full compliance with the national and local regulations 2. A list of locations and with effective silencing apparatus to minimize to be included in noise. contract and other 4. Heavy equipment shall be operated only in daylight sensitive areas ES SMEC to hours. identified by the supervise 5. Construction equipment, which generates excessive CSC along the ROW relevant noise, shall be enclosed or fitted with effective silencing during works. activities. apparatus to minimize noise. 7. Well-maintained haulage trucks will be used with speed controls. 8. Contractor shall take adequate measures to minimize noise nuisance in the vicinity of construction sites by way of adopting available acoustic methods.
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Responsibility Environmental Timing to implement Locations to Objectives Mitigation Measures recommended to implement Monitoring concern MM implement MM MM 7. Soil Erosion / Prevent adverse SCHEDULE WORKS IN SENSITIVE AREAS (e.g. 1 month prior to 1. Locations based ES Contractor FESCO ES Surface Run-off water quality impacts NEAR RIVERS) FOR DRY SEASON construction because on history of flooding and ES SMEC / due to negligence the area can be problems indicated and ensure 1. In the short-term, temporary drainage and erosion subject to unseasonal by local authorities. SMEC ES unavoidable impacts control plan to be presented with tender. Temporary heavy rain Plan are managed drainage and erosion control plan one month before before and during effectively. commencement of works to protect all areas susceptible construction (cut and to erosion. (Permanent drainage works shall be in the fill, land reclamation 2. A list of sensitive final design). etc.) while areas during 2. Installation of TD and EC before works construction considering the construction to be To minimize soil within 50m of water bodies. climatic conditions. prepared by the erosion due to the 3. Clearing of green surface cover to be minimized detail design construction activities during site preparation. consultant in of towers, stringing of 5. Meaningful water quality monitoring up and consideration with conductors and downstream at any tower site during construction within the cut and fill, land creation of access a river or stream bed. Rapid reporting and feedback to reclamation, borrow tracks for project CSC. areas etc. vehicles. 5. Back-fill should be compacted properly in accordance with FESCO design standards and graded to original contours where possible. 6. Cut areas should be treated against flow acceleration 3. Locations of all while filled areas should be carefully designed to avoid rivers, streams, improper drainage. culverts, irrigation 7. Stockpiles should not be formed within such channels, roads and distances behind excavated or natural slopes that would roads. reduce the stability of the slopes or cause slippage. 8. Measures shall be taken to prevent ponds of surface water and scouring of slopes. Newly eroded channels shall be backfilled and restored to natural contours. 9. Contractor should arrange to monitor and adjust working and adopt suitable measures to minimize soil erosion during the construction period. Contractor‟s TD and EC plan should be endorsed and monitored but CSC after consulting with concerned. authorities. 10. Replanting trees to be done before the site is vacated and handed back to FESCO with appropriate trees (other vegetation cover as appropriate) to ensure interception of rainwater and the deceleration of surface run-off.
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Responsibility Environmental Timing to implement Locations to Objectives Mitigation Measures recommended to implement Monitoring concern MM implement MM MM 8. Exploitation, To minimize (consider also for future trances if civil works) month prior to starting 1. List of borrow ES Contractor FESCO ES Handling, disruption and of works. Update areas to be prepared and SMEC to / SMEC ES Transportation contamination of the 1. Use only EPA licensed sites for raw materials in order monthly. with tender stage agree format of and Storage of surroundings, to minimize adverse environmental impacts. contractors method reporting Construction 2. Measures to be taken in line with any EPA license statement and materials minimize and or avoid conditions, recommendations and approval to be updated one month adverse environ- applied to the subproject activities using the licensed prior to construction. mental impacts source including: arising out of Conditions that apply for selecting sites for material 2.List of routes of construction material exploitation. transport of exploitation, handling, Conditions that apply to timing and use of roads for construction material transportation and material transport. is to be prepared for storage by using Conditions that apply for maintenance of vehicles used the contract and sources that comply in material transport or construction. agreed one month with EPA license Conditions that apply for selection of sites for material prior to construction. conditions storage. Conditions that apply for aggregate production. 3. Map of locations Conditions that apply for handling hazardous or of storage is dangerous materials such as oil, lubricants and toxic prepared by the chemicals. contractor.
9. Decommision Minimize the impacts 1. Waste management plan to be submitted to the CSC One month prior to 1.Dumping: 1.Contractor FESCO/ and Waste from the disposal of and approved by FESCO ESU one month prior to starting of works. Management construction waste. starting of works. WMP shall estimate the amounts and Update monthly A list of temporary 2. SMEC ES ES SMEC types of construction and decommissioning waste to be stockpiling areas and FESCO generated by the project. and more permanent ESU should 2. Investigate ways and means of reusing/recycling dumping areas to be supervise and decommissioned material from the project within prepared at the take action to PEPCO without any residual environmental impact. contract stage for ensure that 3 Identifying potential safe disposal sites close to the agreement contractor‟s project, or those designated sites in the contract. complete 4 Investigating the environmental conditions of the relevant disposal sites and recommendation of most suitable activities and safest sites. according to 5. Piling up of loose material should be done in EIA / IEE / segregated areas to arrest washing out of soil. Debris shall not be left where it may be carried by water to EMP downstream flood plains, dams, lagoons or other water requirement & bodies. NEQS. 6. Used oil and lubricants shall be recovered and
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Responsibility Environmental Timing to implement Locations to Objectives Mitigation Measures recommended to implement Monitoring concern MM implement MM MM reused or removed from the site in full compliance with the national and local regulations. 7. Oily wastes must not be burned. Disposal location to A list of temporary be agreed with local authorities/EPA. stockpiling areas 8. Waste breaker insulating oil to be recycled, One month prior to and more permanent reconditioned, or reused at DISCO‟s facility. starting of works. dumping areas to be 9. Machinery should be properly maintained to minimize Update monthly prepared at the oil spill during the construction. contract stage for 10. Machinery should be maintained in a dedicated area agreement (in W M over drip trays to avoid soil contamination from residual Plan) oil spill during maintenance. 11 Solid waste should be disposed at an approved solid waste facility and not by open burning which is illegal and contrary to good environmental practice. 10. Work Camp To ensure that the 1. Identify location of work camps in consultation with UPDATE Once a Location Map is Contractor FESCO Operation and operation of work local authorities. The location shall be subject to month prepared by the ESU / CSC Location (if camps does not approval by the FESCO. If possible, camps shall not be Contractor. required) adversely affect the located near settlements or near drinking water supply surrounding intakes. environment and 2. Cutting of trees shall not b permitted and removal of residents in the area. vegetation shall be minimized. 3. Water and sanitary facilities (at least pit latrines) shall be provided for employees. Worker camp and latrine sites to be backfilled and marked upon vacation of the sites. 4. Solid waste and sewage shall be managed according to the national and local regulations. As a rule, solid waste must not be dumped, buried or burned at or near the project site, but shall be disposed of to the nearest sanitary landfill or site having complied with the necessary permits of local authority permission. 5. The Contractor shall organize and maintain a waste separation, collection and transport system. 6. The Contractor shall document that all liquid and solid hazardous and non-hazardous waste are separated, collected and disposed of according to the given requirements and regulations. 7. At the conclusion of the project, all debris and waste shall be removed. All temporary structures, including office buildings, shelters and toilets shall be removed.
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Responsibility Environmental Timing to implement Locations to Objectives Mitigation Measures recommended to implement Monitoring concern MM implement MM MM 8 Exposed areas shall be planted with suitable vegetation. 9.FESCO and Construction Supervising Consultant shall inspect and report that the camp has been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions. 11. Loss of Trees To avoid negative Tree location and condition survey to be completed one Route design and site Tree survey to be SMEC ES and FESCO ES and Vegetation impacts due to month before tender. identification (1 & 2) completed one ES Contractor / SMEC ES Cover of the removing of during design stage month before tender Areas for Towers landmark, sentinel 1. The route for the distribution line should be selected and other matters at relevant Locations and Temporary and specimen trees so as to prevent the loss or damage to any orchard during construction of with a Map to be Work-space as well as green trees or other trees. Use of higher towers to be relevant activities compiled prior to vegetation and preferred to avoid trees cutting. tender by the design surface cover. 2. Clearing of green surface vegetation cover for consultant / FESCO construction, borrow of soil for development, cutting ESU during detailed trees and other important vegetation during construction design and CSC to should be minimized by careful alignment. Written update as technical Justification for tree felling included in tree necessary. survey. 3. At completion all debris and waste shall be removed and not burned. 4. The contractor‟s staff and labour will be strictly directed not to damage any vegetation such as trees or bushes outside immediate work areas. Trees shall not be cut for fuel or works timber. 5. Land holders will be paid compensation for their standing trees in accordance with prevailing market rates (LARP). The land holders will be allowed to salvage the wood of the affected trees. 6. The contractor will plant three (3) suitable new trees outside the 30 meter corridor of the transmission line in lieu of one (1) tree removed. 7. Landscaping and road verges to be re-installed on completion. 8. Compensatory planting of trees/shrubs/ornamental plants (at a rate of 3:1) in line with best international practice. 9. After work completion all temporary structures, including office buildings, shelters and toilets shall be removed.
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Responsibility Environmental Timing to implement Locations to Objectives Mitigation Measures recommended to implement Monitoring concern MM implement MM MM 12. Safety To ensure safety of Providing induction safety training for all staff adequate Prior to Location to be ES Contractor ES Precautions for workers warning signs in health and safety matters, and require commencement and identified by the FESCO/ the Workers the workers to use the provided safety equipment. during construction CSC with contractor. ES SMEC Providing workers with skull guard or hard hat and hard toe shoes.
13. Traffic Minimize disturbance Submit temporary haul and access routes plan one Prior to and The most important ES Contractor FESCO Condition of vehicular traffic and month prior to start of works. throughout the locations to be ESU / CSC pedestrians during construction. identified and listed. haulage of Routes in vicinity of schools and hospitals to be Relevant plans of construction materials avoided. the Contractor on and equipment. traffic arrangements to be made available.
14. Social Impacts To ensure minimum 1. Potential for spread of vector borne and Complaints of public All subprojects all ES Contractor ES FESCO impacts from communicable diseases from labour camps shall be to be solved as soon tranches ES FESCO construction labour avoided (worker awareness orientation and appropriate as possible force. on public sanitation should be maintained). health. 2. Complaints of the people on construction nuisance / damage close to ROW to be considered and responded to promptly. 3. Contractor should make alternative arrangements to avoid local community impacts. 15. Institutional To ensure that Capacity building activities were taken by Initiate Awareness training FESCO ESU FESCO & Strengthening FESCO officials are Environmental Officer in Tranche 1. Environmental preconstruction and for all management ADB and Capacity trained to understand Management Unit (EMU) was setup with in FESCO continue beyond and senior staff in Building and to appreciate under Director Operations in Tranche 1. Development project completion. FESCO at senior EMP of strengthening plan for the EMU should be taken up engineer and above with resources. in PMU and related units.
OPERATIONAL STAGE 1. Air Quality Minimize air quality No significant Impacts Tranche 1.Monitor designs and Operational phase all subprojects in ES FESCO FESCO impacts plans for all future tranches. future tranches ESU
2. Noise Minimize noise No significant Impacts Tranche 1. Acoustic designs Operational phase all subprojects in ES FESCO FESCO impacts checking and plan for all future tranches. future tranches ESU
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Responsibility Environmental Timing to implement Locations to Objectives Mitigation Measures recommended to implement Monitoring concern MM implement MM MM 3. Waste disposal Minimize improper Continue waste management arrangements in Operational phase all subprojects in ES FESCO FESCO waste disposal operational phase of all subprojects and FESCO future tranches ESU activities.
4. Compensatory Maintain survival of Employ landscaping contractor to monitor, water and Operational phase all subprojects in ES FESCO FESCO tree planting trees planted feed replacement saplings and replace dead specimens future tranches ESU as necessary.
5. Landslides and Avoid landslips and No significant Impacts in Tranche 1. Review designs Operational phase all subprojects in ES FESCO FESCO soil erosion loss of productive checking and plan for all future tranches. future tranches ESU land
6. Water quality Minimize water No significant Impacts in Tranche 1. Review designs Operational phase all subprojects in ES FESCO FESCO quality impacts checking and plan for all future tranches. future tranches ESU
7. Crops and Monitor impacts from Track growth of large trees under the conductors. Operational phase all subprojects in ES FESCO FESCO vegetation maintaining tree future tranches ESU clearance under transmission lines
8. Social safety Ensure no Necessary signboards with limits of height clearances to Operational phase all subprojects in ES FESCO FESCO Impacts encroachments / be placed all along the line. future tranches ESU construction under the transmission line. Identify and prevent any illegal encroachments under No violation of the DXLs.. clearance spaces.
ADB = Asian Development Bank, AP = affected people, DDS = detailed design stage, EIA = Environmental Impact Assessment, EMP= environmental management action plan, EPA= Environmental Protection Agency, = Environmental and Social Implementation , GSS = Grid Substation, IOL = Inventory of Losses, LAC = Land Acquisition Collector, LARP = land acquisition and resettlement plan, MM = mitigating measure, NGO = nongovernment organization, PCB = Polychlorinated Biphenyls, PEPAct = Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 (as regulated and amended), REA = Rapid Environmental Assessment, ROW = right of way, RRP = Report and Recommendation of the President, SF6 = sulfur hexafluoride, SR = sensitive receiver, TD = temporary drainage, VDC = Voluntary District Committee, WB = World Bank. Notes: Based on EIA/IEE reports to be revised at DDS, RAP, SIA and other engineering considerations may change.
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106. The impacts have been classified into EMP relevant to the design/preparation stage, construction stage and operation and maintenance stage. The EMP provides details of the mitigation measures recommended for each of the identified impacts, time span of the implementation of mitigation measures and the responsibility of the institution. The institutional responsibility has been specified for the purpose of the implementation and the supervision.
107. Prior to implementation of the subproject, FESCO under the provisions of Pak-EPA (guidelines and regulations 2000), needs to comply with several environmental requirements, such as submitting IEE to EPD-Punjab and obtaining environmental clearance/NOC and any other permissions required from other authorities. FESCO will also need to confirm that contractors and their suppliers have complied with all statutory requirements and have appropriate and valid licenses and permits for all powered mechanical equipment and to operate in line with local authority conditions.
108. The EMP was prepared taking into account the limited capacity of FESCO to conduct environmental assessments of the subprojects. FESCO has established Environment & Social Safeguard Unit (ESSU) by appointing one Deputy Manager in April 2011 and transfer of one Assistant Manager Environment in January 2012, whereas recruitment of Assistant Manager Social and allied staff is in pipe line. However it is also strongly recommended that for subprojects in future Tranches that the FESCO be prepared to engage more support where necessary (e.g. Manager Environmental and Social Safeguard having experience in environmental management, monitoring and performance audit) to guide the subsequent formal assessment and submission process under the PEPA, 1997 and monitor compliance with the EMP.
109. The appointed environmental manager has to have a good level of awareness and will be responsible for addressing environmental concerns for subprojects potentially involving hundreds kilometers of Transmission Lines and Grid Stations. Whereas some of their work may in future be delegated to consultants they will need more training and resources if they are to provide effective quality control and oversight for the EMP implementation. They will require robust support from senior management staff members and the management consultant if they are to address all environmental concerns for the subprojects effectively. Specific areas for immediate attention are in EMP auditing, environmentally responsible procurement, air, water and noise pollution management and ecological impact mitigation.
110. Overall implementation of the EMP will be FESCO‟s responsibility. FESCO and other parties to be involved in implementing the EMP are as follows:
. Contractors are responsible for carrying out the contractual obligations, implementing all EMP measures required to mitigate environmental impacts during construction; . The FESCO management will be responsible ensuring that sufficient timely resources are allocated to process the environmental assessments and to monitor implementation of all construction and operational mitigation measures required to mitigate environmental impacts, and . Other government agencies such as the concerned provincial EPA and Department of Forests, Department of Wildlife Services, who will be responsible for
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monitoring the implementation of environmental conditions and compliance with statutory requirements in their respective areas and local land use groups at the local levels.
111. Considering that other government agencies that need to be involved in implementing the EMP, training or harmonization workshops should be conducted for all Environment and Social Cells in all DISCOS every six months or twice each year, for the first 2 years (and annually thereafter) to share the monitoring report on the implementation of the EMP in each DISCO and to share lessons learned in the implementation and to achieve a consistent approach decide on remedial actions, if unexpected environmental impacts occur.
112. The monitoring plan (Table 6.2) was designed based on the project cycle. During the preconstruction period, the monitoring activities will focus on (i) checking the contractor‟s bidding documents, particularly to ensure that all necessary environmental requirements have been included; and (ii) checking that the contract documents‟ references to environmental mitigation measures requirements have been incorporated as part of contractors assignment and making sure that any advance works are carried out in good time. Where detailed design is required (e.g. for power distribution lines and avoidance of other resources) the inclusion and checking of designs must be carried out. During the construction period, the monitoring activities will focus on ensuring that environmental mitigation measures are implemented, and some performance indicators will be monitored to record the subprojects environmental performance and to guide any remedial action to address unexpected impacts.
113. At this stage, due to the modest scale of power distribution projects and by generally keeping to non-sensitive and non-critical areas the construction and operational impacts will be manageable. No insurmountable impacts are predicted providing that the EMP is implemented to its full extent and required in the contract documents. However experience suggests that some contractors may not be familiar with this approach or may be reluctant to carry out some measures. In order that the contractors are fully aware of the implications of the EMP and to ensure compliance, it is recommended that environmental measures be coasted separately in the tender documentation and that payment milestones are linked to environmental performance, vis a vis carrying out of the EMP.
114. The effective implementation of the EMP will be audited as part of the loan conditions and the executing agency must be prepared for this. In this regard the FESCO (the Implementing Agencies) must be prepared to guide the design engineers and contractors on the environmental aspects.
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Table 6.2: Monitoring Plan for Performance Indicators Responsible Environmental Performance indicator Frequency to Timing to check Locations to Cost of Resp PI Cost of to implement concern (PI) monitor PI implement PI Implementation supervision Supervision PI DESIGN and PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE 1. Review of EMAP Environmental During detailed By completion of All project Contractor Initially DISCO‟S DISCO‟S, ESIC cell staff Management Action Plan design (later monthly detailed design. alignment Cell / later ESIC cell / cost (EMAP) is reviewed by Contractor to Contractor cost ADB* cover any unidentified impacts) 2. Social Impacts Inventory of losses, Completed prior to Before removal of APs according DISCO‟S Cell DISCO‟S Cell DISCO‟S ESIC cell staff and Resettlement Property acquisition, commencement of houses and to RP & LAFC. staff cost /ADB* cost compensation and construction structures. resettlement completed to RP requirements. 3. Project Design changes notified During detailed Completion of All project Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S & ESIC cell staff disclosure design by Contractor detailed design. alignment. ESIC cell / cost to cover any access ADB* roads and alignment changes, additional Villages. 4. Environmentally Contract follows ADB Once, before Before Contract is Method DISCO‟S Contractor cost DISCO‟S DISCO‟S Cell Responsible Guidelines on ERP. Contract is signed. signed. Statements Project Cell. ESIC cell / staff cost Procurement. Performance bond. include ADB*. (ERP) Deposited resources for Contractual clauses mitigation include implementation of measures. environmental mitigation measures tied to a performance bond. 5. Waste disposal Disposal options for all Monthly or as 1.Prior to detailed Locations DISCO‟S cell ESIC cell ESIC cell DISCO‟S waste transformer oil, required in waste design stage no approved by with the design residually contaminated management plan to later than pre- local waste consultant. soils, scrap metal agreed identify sufficient qualification or disposal with DISCO‟S and local locations for, storage tender negotiations authorities. authority.. and reuse of 2. Include in transformers and contract. recycling of breaker oils and disposal of transformer oil, residually
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contaminated soils and scrap metal “cradle to grave”. 2. Include in contracts for unit rates for re- measurement for disposal. 3. After agreement with local authority, designate disposal sites in the contract and cost unit disposal rates accordingly. 6. Noise and air Design changes included During detailed Completion of As defined in DISCO‟S Cell / Contractor cost DISCO‟S / DISCO‟S Cell quality mitigation in EIA (supplementary) & design by Contractor. detailed design. EIA Contractor /ADB* staff cost in design. EMAP approved by (supplementar MOEST. y) & EMAP. 7. Hydrological Temporary Drainage During detailed One month before Considered Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S / DISCO‟S Cell Impacts Management plan. design by Contractor commencement of locations to be and staff cost and monthly to cover construction as identified in DISCO‟S any unidentified the Detailed Project Cell. impacts Drainage Report. 8. Temporary Erosion Control and During detailed One month before All stream and Contractor. Contractor cost DISCO‟S / DISCO‟S Cell drainage and Temporary Drainage design updated by construction river crossings and staff cost erosion control completed. Contractor monthly to commences. and where DISCO‟S cover any unidentified slopes indicate Project Cell. impacts. erosion will be a problem. 9. Planning Use of land agreed with During detailed One month before Locations Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S / DISCO‟S Cell construction surrounding residents & design updated by construction agreed DISCO‟S Cell and staff cost camps Villages. Contractor monthly to commences. DISCO‟S cell facilitates. DISCO‟S cover any unidentified in consultation Project Cell. impacts. with community and the Contractor. 10.Traffic Temporary Pedestrian During detailed One month before Locations Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S / DISCO‟S Cell Condition and Traffic Management design updated by construction agreed with and staff cost Plan agreed. Contractor monthly to commences. DISCO‟S cell DISCO‟S cover any unidentified in consultation Project Cell. impacts. with community and the Contractor.
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11. Institutional 1. Strengthening plan 1. Once, 1. As soon as Throughout the DISCO‟S DISCO‟S Cell DISCO‟S / /ADB cost of strengthening and agreed for DISCO‟S cell. 2. Once practicable project Project Cell. staff cost and /ADB*. IES & support capacity building 2. International 3. Ongoing 2, 3, 4. No later for 1 month environment specialist 4. Ongoing than one month US$25,000 (IES) before Contract 3. Increase staffing of award. DISCO‟S Cell. 4. Train DISCO‟S Cell officials. CONSTRUCTION STAGE 1. Orientation for 1. Contractor agreed to 1. Once 1. Before contract All BOT staff Contractor with Contractor cost DISCO‟S DISCO‟S Cell Contractor, and provide training to 2. Ongoing is signed members in all IES assistance and staff cost Workers professional staff and 3. Ongoing 2. Before categories. and record DISCO‟S to workers. construction areas monthly details. observe and 2. Special briefing and are opened up induction and record training for Contractor 3. Every six six month success completed. months refresher 3. Periodic progress course review sessions. 2. Plans to control 1. Drainage Management Deliverable in final One month before All of DISCO‟S Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S DISCO‟S Cell environmental plan form to DISCO‟S cell construction alignment. Project Cell. staff cost impacts 2. Temp. Pedestrian & one month before commences. Traffic Management plan, construction 3. Erosion Control & commences for any Temp. Drainage plan given stretch. 4. Materials Management plan, 5. Waste Management plan; 6. Noise and Dust Control plan, 7. Safety Plan 8. Agreed schedule of costs for environmental mitigation.{N.B. Forest Clearance and Compensatory Planting plan is prepared by DISCO’S cell} 3. Water quality Meaningful water quality Once (line item when During detailed Locations to be Independent Contractor cost DISCO‟S / DISCO‟S Cell monitoring up and opening up design by provided with experienced DISCO‟S staff cost downstream during construction near Contractor and the detailed laboratory. Cell. construction within 100m water bodies). update to cover designs
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of rivers. Rapid reporting any unidentified including all and feedback by impacts. bridges during DISCO‟S. construction within 100m of rivers 4. Water 1. Availability of water 1. Monthly Prior to submission All local water Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S DISCO‟S Cell Resources acceptable to community. 2. Monthly of progress supply and staff cost No complaints. reports. resources and DISCO‟S 2. Guidelines established rivers. Cell to minimize the water wastage during construction operations and at worker camps. 5. Spoil disposal 1. Use of land agreed with Monthly (line item Prior to All DISCO‟S Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S DISCO‟S Cell and construction surrounding residents & when opening up construction. alignment. and staff cost waste disposal Villages. construction). Update monthly. DISCO‟S 2. Waste Management Cell Plan implemented. 3 No open burning 6. Noise Noise mitigation measures Monthly (line item Maximum All DISCO‟S Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S / DISCO‟S Cell implemented in line with when opening up allowable noise alignment. should DISCO‟S staff cost guidelines for noise construction). levels are maintain the Project Cell reduction from 45dB(A)LEQ. at accepted will monitor ISO/TR11688-1:1995(E) sensitive receptors standards sample activities. 7. Air quality Noise and dust control Monthly (line item Prior to All DISCO‟S Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S DISCO‟S Cell plan implemented. when opening up construction. alignment. and staff cost construction). Update monthly. DISCO‟S Cell 8. Soil Contractors workforce to Monthly (line item Prior to All DISCO‟S Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S DISCO‟S Cell Contamination instructed and train when opening up construction. alignment. and staff cost handling of chemicals construction). Update monthly. DISCO‟S Cell 9. Work Camp 1. Use of land agreed with Monthly (line item Prior to All DISCO‟S Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S DISCO‟S Cell Location and surrounding residents & when opening up construction. alignment. and staff cost Operation Villages. construction). Update monthly. DISCO‟S 2. Waste Management Cell Plan implemented. 3 No open burning 10. Safety Safety Plan submitted Once (update One month before All DISCO‟S Contractor. Contractor cost DISCO’S / DISCO‟S Cell Precautions for monthly as construction and alignment. (ESIC cell to staff cost Workers necessary) update quarterly. actively
Institutional Requirements & Environmental Management Plan P | 44 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
supervise and enforce. 11. Social Impacts 1. Local labour is used Monthly (line item During All DISCO‟S Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S DISCO‟S Cell and workforce when opening up construction. alignment. and staff cost 2. Local educated people construction). Update monthly. DISCO‟S for office work. Cell 3. Complaints on construction nuisance damages close to ROW are responded to promptly by the Contractor. 4. Quarterly meetings with local VILLAGE for liaison purposes to monitor complaints. 12. Enhancements Contractor has included Once (update One month before All DISCO‟S Contractor. Contractor cost DISCO’S / DISCO‟S Cell for some enhancements in monthly as construction and alignment. (DISCO‟S staff cost detailed designs Including necessary) update quarterly. Cell to planting of trees in actively addition to bioengineering supervise such as in median and enforce. OPERATIONAL STAGE 1. Air Quality 1. Roadworthiness of 1. Roadworthiness of During operation. 5 locations on Contractor Contractor cost DISCO‟S / DISCO‟S Cell vehicles on DISCO’S. vehicles on DISCO’S DISCO‟S and ESIC staff cost 2. Monitor NO2 and PM10 Daily during alignment Cell as indicators. operations nearest 2. Yearly intervals for settlements. 3 years after opening for reassurance. 2. Crops and 1. Follow up on Tree 1) Quarterly 1) Throughout All DISCO‟S Contractor ESIC Cell DISCO‟S MOFSC and vegetation Clearance and 2) Quarterly project alignment. DISCO‟S Cell Compensatory Planting 3) Quarterly 2) Each of three staff cost. Plan. 4) Quarterly years after initial 2. Records on survival of planting. planted trees. 3) Continuous for 3. The compensatory three years after planting maintained project completion 4. Audited report by ESIC 4) For four years cell for on site and off-site after initial compensatory planting. clearance of the forest.
Institutional Requirements & Environmental Management Plan P | 45 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
Summary of Estimated Costs for EMP of FESCO
Estimated Cost Activities Description Pak. Rs. US $
Monitoring activities As detailed under EMP 7600000 80000
Mitigation measures As prescribed under EMP and 2375000 25000 IEE Capacity building Training for Staff & 1235000 13000 Program Management Transportation Transportation for field visits 1900000 20000
Contingency contingency 665000 7000 Total 13,775,000 1,45,000 1US $ = 95 Pak Rupees
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7. Public Consultation and Information Disclosure
7.1. Approach to Public Consultation
115. The public consultation process with various stakeholders has been approached so as to involve public and other stakeholders from the earliest stages. Public consultation has taken place during the planning and design and viewpoints of the stakeholders have been taken into account and their concerns and suggestions for possible improvements have been included where appropriate. Much of the public consultation process to date has revolved around concerns for the mitigation of construction impacts and the possible side effects from the T/L route.
116. As the proposed works are to be carried out through private area, a separate short Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan (LARP) is prepared and submitted . There is requirement for ongoing consultation for updating the LARP.
7.2. Public Consultation Process
117. The public consultation process has commenced in the initial feasibility stages (prior to construction) in order to disclose the project information to the stakeholders and record feedback regarding the proposed subproject and preferences. The stakeholders involved in the process were the interested folks; the local people, village leaders and school teachers.
118. Prior to the implementation of the consultation, feedback has been carried out to support this IEE and recorded. The focus of attention has been the population near the proposed route of the T/L (where Construction of new 132Kv T/L is proposed). The level of engagement varied from the stakeholder to stakeholder with some registering no major comment but it is noted that none registered any outright opposition to subproject.
119. The disclosure of subproject works i.e Construction of new 132Kv T/L, in advance and subsequent consultation with stakeholders has advantages in the environmental assessment and mitigation of impacts. Public consultation can also provide a conduit for the improvement of the project implementation to serve the stakeholders in better way.
120. The environmental assessment process under the PEPA 1997, requires the disclosure to the public after the statutory IEE/EIA has been accepted by the relevant EPA, to be in strict adherence to the rules. In this IEE the consultation process was performed to satisfy the ADB requirements Social Safeguard Policy (SPS), 2009 and PEPA guidelines.
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7.3. Results of Public Consultation
121. The consultations identified some potential environmental and social impacts and perceptions of stakeholders. The public consultation carried out in August 2012 (Summary of the Public Consultation is given in Annex-III). The community generally supports the Construction of new 132Kv T/L. The local poor people predominantly requested for employment of unskilled and semi skilled jobs on priority basis with the contractors during implementation of the project. No private land acquisition and resettlement is involved in this subproject.
122. On the basis of the consultations so far, it appears that the project will have no environmental and social impacts but FESCO will have to make sure that that skilled and unskilled employment should be preferably made from local peoples as far as, it is reasonably practicable.
7.4. Grievance Redress Mechanism
123. In order to receive and facilitate the resolution of affected peoples‟ concerns, complaints, and grievances about the project‟s environmental performance an Environmental Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) will be established the project. The mechanism will be used for addressing any complaints that arise during the implementation of projects. In addition, the GRM will include a proactive component whereby at the commencement of construction of each project (prior to mobilization) the community will be formally advised of project implementation details by Environment Specialist of DISCO, Environment Specialist of SMEC, the design and supervision consultant (DSC) and Environmental Specialist of the contractor (designs, scheduled activities, access constraints etc) so that all necessary project information is communicated effectively to the community and their immediate concerns can be addressed. This proactive approach with communities will be pursued throughout the implementation of each project.
124. The GRM will address affected people's concerns and complaints proactively and promptly, using an understandable and transparent process that is gender responsive, culturally appropriate, and readily accessible to all segments of the affected people at no costs and without retribution. The mechanism will not impede access to the Country‟s judicial or administrative remedies.
7.5. Redress Committee, Focal Points, Complaints Reporting, Recording and Monitoring
125. The Grievance Redress Mechanism, which will be established at each project level is described below:
126. EA will facilitate the establishment of a Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) and Grievance Focal Points (GFPs) at project location prior to the Contractor‟s mobilization to site. The functions of the GRC and GFPs are to address concerns and grievances of the local communities and affected parties as necessary.
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127. The GRC will comprise representatives from local authorities, affected parties, and other well-reputed persons as mutually agreed with the local authorities and affected persons. It will also comprise the Contractor‟s Environmental Specialist, SMEC‟s Environmental Specialist and PIU Safeguards/Environmental specialist. The role of the GRC is to address the Project related grievances of the affected parties that are unable to be resolved satisfactorily through the initial stages of the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM).
128. EA will assist affected communities/villages identify local representatives to act as Grievance Focal Points (GFP) for each community/village.
129. GFPs are designated personnel from within the community who will be responsible for i) acting as community representatives in formal meetings between the project team (contractor, DSC, PIU) and the local community he/she represents and ii) communicating community members‟ grievances and concerns to the contractor during project implementation. The number of GFPs to be identified for each project will depend on the number and distribution of affected communities.
130. A pre-mobilization public consultation meeting will be convened by the EA Environment Specialist and attended by GFPs, contractor, DSC, PIU representative and other interested parties (eg. District level representatives, NGOs). The objectives of the meeting will be as follows:
(i) Introduction of key personnel of each stakeholder including roles and responsibilities, (ii) Presentation of project information of immediate concern to the communities by the contractor (timing and location of specific construction activities, design issues, access constraints etc.) This will include a brief summary of the EMP - its purpose and implementation arrangements; (iii) Establishment and clarification of the GRM to be implemented during project implementation including routine (proactive) public relations activities proposed by the project team (contractor, DSC, PIU) to ensure communities are continually advised of project progress and associated constraints throughout project implementation; (iv) Identification of members of the Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) (v) Elicit and address the immediate concerns of the community based on information provided above.
131. Following the pre-mobilization public consultation meeting, environmental complaints associated with the construction activity will be routinely handled through the GRM as explained below and shown on Figure 7.1:
(i) Individuals will lodge their environmental complaint/grievance with their respective community‟s nominated GFP. (ii) The GFP will bring the individual‟s complaint to the attention of the Contractor. (iii) The Contractor will record the complaint in the onsite Environmental Complaints Register (ECR) in the presence of the GFP. (iv) The GFP will discuss the complaint with the Contractor and have it resolved;
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(v) If the Contractor does not resolve the complaint within one week, then the GFP will bring the complaint to the attention of the DSC‟s Environmental Specialist. The DSC‟s Environment Specialist will then be responsible for coordinating with the Contractor in solving the issue. (vi) If the Complaint is not resolved within 2 weeks the GFP will present the complaint to the Grievance Redress Committee (GRC). (vii) The GRC will have to resolve the complaint within a period of 2 weeks and the resolved complaint will have to be communicated back to the community. The Contractor will then record the complaint as resolved and closed in the Environmental Complaints Register. (viii) Should the complaint not be resolved through the GRC, the issue will be adjudicated through local legal processes. (ix) In parallel to the ECR placed with the Contractor, each GFP will maintain a record of the complaints received and will follow up on their rapid resolution. (x) EA will also keep track of the status of all complaints through the Monthly Environmental Monitoring Report submitted by the Contractor to the DSC and will ensure that they are resolved in a timely manner.
Affected Person through GFP
Contractor Redressed
Not Redressed
Resolve with Implementation (DSC) Redressed Consultant
Not Redressed
Appeal to Grievance Redress Committee Redressed
Grievance Redress Committee Redress Grievance Not Redressed
Resolve through Local Legal Process
Figure7.1: Grievance Redress Mechanism
Public Consultation and Information Disclosure P | 50 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
8. Conclusions
8.1. Findings and Recommendations
132. This study was carried out at the planning stage of the project. Secondary data was used to assess the environmental impacts. The potential environmental impacts were assessed in a comprehensive manner. The report has provided a picture of all potential environmental impacts associated with the subproject and recommended suitable mitigation measures.
133. There are some further considerations for the planning stages such as obtaining clearance for the project under the PEPA, 1997 but environmental impacts from the power enhancements will mostly take place during the construction stage. There are also some noise impacts and other operational stage impacts that must be addressed in the detailed design and through environmentally friendly procurement.
134. There are a number of key actions required in the detailed design phase. Prior to construction the FESCO must receive clearance certification from the PEPA and FESCO must complete an EMP that will be accepted by the EPD-Punjab and agreed by the contractor prior to signing of the Contract Agreement for Civil Works. The information provided in this report can form the basis of any further submission to PEPA as required in future.
8.2. Summary and Conclusions
135. Construction of new 132Kv T/L works proposed under Tranche-III is a feasible and sustainable option from the technical, engineering, environmental, and socioeconomic points of view. Implementation of the EMP is required and the environmental impacts associated with the subproject need to be properly mitigated for which existing institutional arrangements are available. Additional human and financial resources will be required by FESCO to complete the designs and incorporate the recommendations effectively and efficiently in the contract documents, linked to payment milestones. The proposed mitigation and management plans are practicable but require additional resources.
136. This IEE, including the EMP, should be used as a basis for an environmental compliance program and be included as an Appendix to the contract. The EMP shall be reviewed at the detailed design stage. In addition, any subsequent conditions issued by PEPA as part of the environmental clearance should also be included in the environmental compliance program. Therefore, continued monitoring of the implementation of mitigation measures, the implementation of the environmental conditions for work and environmental clearance, and monitoring of the environmental impact related to the operation of the subproject should be properly carried out and reported at least twice per year as part of the project performance report.
Conclusions P | 51 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
9. References and Document Support
ADB 2003. Environmental Assessment Guidelines. Asian Development Bank.
ADB 2011. Involuntary Resettlement Safeguards:- A planning & Implementation Good Practice Source Book Draft Working Document. Asian Development Bank. March 2011
EPA, 1997: Guidelines for Public Consultation. Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency, Government of Pakistan
EPA, 1997: Guidelines for Sensitive and Critical Areas. Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency, Government of Pakistan, October
FESCO 2008. PC1 for 6 Distribution Enhancement Program (Tranche-1) Faisalabad Electric Supply Power Limited (FESCO), Faisalabad, April 2008
GoP, 1997: Sectoral Guidelines for Environmental Reports:- Environmental Protection Agency, Government of Pakistan, October
GoP, 1997: Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997:- Government of Pakistan, October
GoP, 1997: Policy Guidelines for Preparation and Review of Environmental Reports:- Environmental Protection Agency, Government of Pakistan, November
GoP, 1997: Policy and Procedures for filling, review and approval of Environmental Assessment:- Environmental Protection Agency, Government of Pakistan, November
GoP 1999. District Census Report of Faisalabad & Sargodha Region (1998). Population Census
HESCO-2007 Environmental & social Impact Assessment 6 Secondary Transmission Lines and Grid Stations (STG). Hyderabad Electric Supply Power Limited (HESCO)
IESCO-2009 Initial Environmental Evaluation:- PAK MFF for Power Distribution Enhancement Program (Tranche-2) Choa Saiden Shah NP Sethe 132 KV Transmission Line & Up-gradation of NP Sethe 66 KV Grid Station to 132 KV . June 2009
LESCO-2009 Initial Environmental Evaluation:- PAK MFF for Power Distribution Enhancement Program (Tranche-2) Jubliee Town 132 KV Grid Station & Associated Double Circuit Line. April 2009
MEPCO-2006 Environmental & social Impact Assessment 6 Secondary Transmission Lines and Grid Stations (STG). Multan Electric Supply Power Limited (MEPCO)
NHA -2007 Land Acquisition & Resettlement Framework (LAARF):- National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program. National Highway Authority. July 2007
References and Document Support P | 52 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
PESCO-2009 Initial Environmental Evaluation:- PAK MFF for Power Distribution Enhancement Program (Tranche-2) D. i. Khan (Gomal University ) 132 KV Industrial DGS & TXL . July 2009
Survey of Pakistan, 1997. Atlas of Pakistan. Director Map Publication, Survey of Pakistan, Rawalpindi.
References and Document Support P | 53 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
Annexure
References and Document Support P | 54 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
Annex –I: Screening Checklists
Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist
Instructions: i. The project team completes this checklist to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form and submitted to Environment and Safeguards Division (RSES) for endorsement by Director, RSES and for approval by the Chief Compliance Officer. ii. This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB's (a) checklists on involuntary resettlement and Indigenous Peoples; (b) poverty reduction handbook; (c) staff guide to consultation and participation; and (d) gender checklists. iii. Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures
Country/Project Title MFF-0021-PAK:- Tranche-III
Sector Division FESCO:- Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station
Screening Questions Yes No Remarks
A. Project Siting Is the Project area adjacent to or within any of the following environmentally sensitive areas?
Cultural heritage site No No cultural heritage site exist in the proximity of sub-project
Protected Area No No protected area exists in the vicinity
Wetland No No wetland is nearby
Mangrove No
Estuarine No
Buffer zone of protected area No
Special area for protecting biodiversity
B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the Project cause… encroachment on historical/cultural areas, No No encroachment or disfiguration will be disfiguration of landscape and increased waste there on historical/cultural areas due to generation? sub-project encroachment on precious ecosystem (e.g. No
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Screening Questions Yes No Remarks sensitive or protected areas)? alteration of surface water hydrology of No waterways crossed by roads and resulting in increased sediment in streams affected by increased soil erosion at the construction site? damage to sensitive coastal/marine habitats by No construction of submarine cables? deterioration of surface water quality due to silt No runoff, sanitary wastes fromworker-based camps and chemicals used in construction? increased local air pollution due to rock crushing, No cutting and filling? risks and vulnerabilities related to occupational No health and safety due to physical, chemical, biological, and radiological hazards during project construction and operation? chemical pollution resulting from chemical No No chemical cleaning of vegetation is clearing of vegetation for construction site? involved in the sub-project noise and vibration due to blasting and other civil No No Blasting is involved works? dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people? No No private land acquisition and resettlement is involved disproportionate impacts on the poor, women and No No dislocation of Indigenous peoples is children, Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable involved. No adverse impact on poor, groups? women and children social conflicts relating to inconveniences in living No No social conflict over pre-existing conditions where construction interferes with pre- roads existing roads? hazardous driving conditions where construction No No hazardous driving condition would interferes with pre-existing roads? prevail due to execution of sub- project creation of temporary breeding habitats for No Proper waste disposal and sanitary vectors of disease such as mosquitoes and facilities will be ensured. rodents? dislocation and compulsory resettlement of No No dislocation and compulsory people living in right-of-way of the power resettlement would involve due to transmission lines? transmission line which will temporarily effect the crops or trees for which separate LARP is being prepared. environmental disturbances associated with the No Only trimming of tree would involve. maintenance of lines (e.g. routine control of vegetative height under the lines)? facilitation of access to protected areas in case No
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Screening Questions Yes No Remarks corridors traverse protected areas? disturbances (e.g. noise and chemical pollutants) No No herbicides would be used to if herbicides are used to control vegetative control vegetation height. height? large population influx during project construction No Due to construction of project, there will and operation that cause increased burden on be no social burden over existing social infrastructure and services (such as water infrastructure and services. supply and sanitation systems)? social conflicts if workers from other regions or No Through EMP & Contract clauses, countries are hired? contractor would be bound to hire local labour. poor sanitation and solid waste disposal in No Scope of Civil work is limited, small construction camps and work sites, and possible camp would suffix the requirement transmission of communicable diseases from which will not contribute toward possible workers to local populations? transmission of communicable diseases. risks to community safety associated with No No risk to community is associated with maintenance of lines and related facilities? maintenance of power facilities. community health hazards due to No Transmission line will not pass through electromagnetic fields, land subsidence, lowered urban area at a sufficient height. No groundwater table, and salinization? Land subsidence, lowering of groundwater table and Stalinization would occur due to this sub-project. risks to community health and safety due to the No In execution of subproject, disposal of transport, storage, and use and/or disposal of explosive material is involved. No risk to materials such as explosives, fuel and other community health and safety is involved chemicals during construction and operation? due to transport, storage and disposal of material. community safety risks due to both accidental No In the design of sub-project, effect of and natural hazards, especially where the natural hazardous i.e. rain, wind and structural elements or components of the project earth quake are taken care. In case of (e.g., high voltage wires, and transmission towers rare occurrence , FESCO Safety Cell and lines ) are accessible to members of the will respond with the help of District affected community or where their failure could Management & 1122 result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning?
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Climate Change and Disaster Risk Questions Yes No Remarks The following questions are not for environmental categorization. They are included in this checklist to help identify potential climate and disaster risks.
Is the Project area subject to hazards such as No Sub project is not located in earthquakes, floods, landslides, tropical cyclone earthquake zone, flood plain & winds, storm surges, tsunami or volcanic eruptions volcano eruption sites. and climate changes (see Appendix I)? Could changes in precipitation, temperature, salinity, No Due to sub-project , there will be no or extreme events over the Project lifespan affect its change in precipitation pattern, sustainability or cost? temperature, salinity. Are there any demographic or socio-economic No No vulnerable socio-economic aspects of the Project area that are already aspect exists in the area. vulnerable (e.g. high incidence of marginalized populations, rural-urban migrants, illegal settlements, ethnic minorities, women or children)? ƒ Could the Project potentially increase the climate No Execution of subproject will not or disaster vulnerability of the surrounding area (e.g., potentially increase the climate increasing traffic or housing in areas that will be disaster to surrounding area. more prone to flooding, by encouraging settlement in earthquake zones)?
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INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT SCREENING CHECKLIST
Project: Power Distribution Enhancement Investment Location FESCO Region Program
Sub- Power Distribution Enhancement Investment District Faisalabad, Jhang, Toba Component: Project Subproject Construction of New 60km Tek Singh, Bhakkar, Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line Mianwali, Sargodha, from 220Kv Grid Station Toba Tek Singh to Khushab, Mandi Havelli Bahadar Shah Grid Station, Tranche-III Bahauddin & Chinio
Level of Project Feasibility Stage Design:
Potential for Involuntary Resettlement Not Yes No If yes, consider potential
WillEffects the project* include any new physical Known Onlyscope small of Scaleresettleme Civil Worknt effects construction work? including foundation of towers would be there. Does the project include upgrading or Construction of new rehabilitation of existing physical facilities? Transmission Line to connect existing /new Grid Stations Are any environmental effects likely which may Only small scale houses would lead to loss of housing, other assets, resource be involved and would be use or incomes? confirmed after re-routing of Transmission Lines Is land acquisition likely to be necessary? Only crops/trees would be involved for which separate LARP is to be prepared for each Transmission Line Is the site for land acquisition known? No Land Acquisition is involved
Is the ownership status and current usage of Ownership status & its current the land known? usage is yet not known Will easements be utilized within an existing Design Layout would be prepared site or Right of Way? by taking into easement considerations. Are non-titled people present on the site/ After scrutiny of Revenue record within the Right of Way? and site possession status
Will there be loss of housing? Propose T/Line is passing through rural areas However after detailed layout plan , housing loss can be confirmed and compensation would be through LARP.
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Will there be loss of crops, trees, and other Only few trees & crops would be fixed assets through land use related temporarily damaged and their changes? compensation be made through LARP . In lieu of damaged trees, new trees will be planted with Will there be loss of incomes and livelihoods? ratio of 4:1
Will people lose access to facilities, services, or natural resources through land use-related changes? Will any social or economic activities be affected by land use-related changes?
Affected Persons and Severity of Impacts Any estimate of the likely number of those affected by the project? No ( ) Yes ( ) If yes, approximately how many? Any estimate of the severity of impact at the household level? No ( ) Yes ( ) If yes, what? None to negligible Any of those people poor, indigenous, or vulnerable to poverty risks? No ( ) Yes ( ) If yes, how?
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Initial Screening for Impact on Indigenous Peoples at Project Concept Paper Stage
Country: Pakistan Department / Faisalabad Electric Supply Division: Company (FESCO)
Project Power Distribution Enhancement Lending Loan – Multi-Tranche Financing Title: Investment Program-Tranche-III Mondality: Facility
Screening questions Not Yes No Any other comments known Aside from the mainstream population, are there population groups who have been living in the project location before modern states or territories were created and before modern borders were defined? Are there population groups who maintain cultural and social identities separate from mainstream or dominant societies and cultures? Are there population of tribal groups or cultural minorities who have migrated into the project areas to which they are not indigenous, but have established a presence and separate social cultural identity? Are there population groups that self-identify themselves, or are identified by others and the mainstream population or by the Law, as being part of a distinct indigenous cultural group or ethnic minority? Are there population groups with a linguistic identity different from that of the mainstream society? Are there population groups with social, cultural, economic and political traditions and institutions distinct from the mainstream culture? Are there population groups with economic systems oriented more toward traditional systems of production than the mainstream systems? Are there population groups who maintain attachments to traditional habitats and ancestral territories and the natural resources in these habitats and territories?
Comments by RSES staff
Not known whether indigenous peoples will be affected and, therefore, the project team should gather additional information during PPTA Fact Finding
Yes, indigenous peoples will be affected and, therefore, a social development specialist should be involved in the PPTA Fact Finding Mission
No, indigenous peoples will not be affected and, therefore, no need to involve a social development
specialist during PPTA Fact Finding
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DECISION ON CATEGORIZATION
200 or more people will be severely affected (displaced from housing or losing 10% or more of their productive/income-generating assets. A full resettlement action plan is required.
Less than 200 people will be affected or less than 10% or more of their productive / income- generating assets will be lost. Requires a short resettlement action plan. No person is affected. Resettlement action plan is not required.
Screening Checklist Prepared By:
Name: Mr. Yasir Iftikhar
Designation: Assistant Manager (Environment)
Date: 27 July, 2012
Screening Reviewed By:
Name: Mr. Muhammad Sharif Malik
Designation: Deputy Manager (E&SS)
Annex – I: Screening Checklist P | 62 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
Annex-II: Environmental Monitoring Results
Annex – II: Environmental Monitoring Results P | 63 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
Annex – II: Environmental Monitoring Results P | 64 IEE Report for Construction of New 60km Long Double Circuit 132Kv Transmission Line FESCO
Annex – III: Summary of Public Consultation
Participant Issues Raised/Concerns expressed/ Sr. No Participant Name Address Proposed Measure Action Taken / Proposed Profession Suggestions & Requests
1 Mr. Saif-Ur-Rehman S/o Proprietor Saif- Permanent:- On right Side river there is no other Construction of New Construction of new 132Kv Allah Dad Khan ur-Rehman Dalawala More 18- source than Kot Adu. Power surplus Transmission Line Transmission Line from 220Kv (NIC # 61101-226914-3) Cotton/Rice Mill Hazari from MEPCO comes to 18-Hazari. from 220Kv Toba Tek Grid Station TT Singh to HB Dalawala More There additional Source of Supply from Singh to HB Shah & Shah and HB Shah to 18-Hazari 18- Hazari FESCO side. Moreover Existing to 18–Hazari be is included in Tranche-III. Further System of 66 KV 18-Hazari is constructed. 18-Hazari conversion of 18-Hazari Grid into overloaded. Existing 18-Hazari Grid Grid be upgraded to 132Kv is included in proposed Station need up gradation. With this 132Kv. Tranche-III subprojects. upgradation, Ali Textile Mill will restart. 2000 more jobs for local peoples will be there. 2 Mr. Muhammad Ali S/o Rice Selector of Permanent:- Due to Overloading of Existing 66Kv Though there are Up gradation of 66Kv Grid Muhammad Nawaz Umar Abbas Mehdi Abad Grid Station, production of Rice Mill has Load Shedding crises Station & Construction of (NIC # 33202-6938897-5) Rice Mill Wasu Wasuastana Tehsil hampered. in the country, but due independent power supply Wastana 18-Hazari District to overloading of source from Toba to 18-Hazari Jhang system , power Supply via HB Shah is proposed in is limited. All Six Tranche-III. outgoing Feeders cannot operate due overloading. 3 Mr. Nasrullah Khan S/o Accountant Permanent:- Margin of profit reduced within 3 years Power Fluctuation and FESCO has planned to installed Qatub Din Umar Abbas Zakar Abad Tehsil & (during the period when system overloading can be high capacity power transformers (NIC # 38201-8654996-7) Rice Mill Wasu District Khushab became overloaded) minimized through and construct 132Kv Wastana conversion of existing transmission line to feed 18- grid station and supply Hazari Grid. through independent source be arranged. 4 Mr.Muhammad Proprietor of Ice Permanent:- Ice business has been flopped due to Double circuit source FESCO should timely complete Abdullah S/O Factory located Peeru Ana P/O forced load shedding in the area from FESCO side be the construction of double circuit Muhammad Ismail near 18-Hazari Rasheed Pur Tehsil & because Grid Station is feeded from constructed and 18- transmission line to have (NIC #00000-0000000-0) Chowk District Jhang surplus power from MEPCO. Hazari Grid Station be additional/reliable source of upgraded to take power supply and upgrade sanctioned load. (convert) the 18-Hazari Grid Station.
Annex –III: Summary of Public Consultation P | 65