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AVAILABLE from Superintendent of Documents, US Government DOCUMENT RESUME ED 262 777 IR 051 012 TITLE Information Technology for Emergency Management. Report for the Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight. Transmitted to the Committee on Science and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, Ninety-Eighth Congress, Second Session. Serial HH. INSTITUTION Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Congressional Research Service. PUB DATE 9 Oct 84 NOTE 468p. AVAILABLE FROMSuperintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. PUB TYPE Legal/Legislative/Regulatory Materials (090) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC19 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Computers; *Emergency Programs; Government Publications; *Government Role; *Information Science; *Information Utilization; *National Programs; National Security; *Natural Disasters; Nonprint Media; Rescue; Safety; Telecommunications ABSTRACT This study presents an overview of the existing and e merging issues related to the application of information technology--computers, telecommunications, microform systems, audio and video devices--to all phases of emergency management: prevention, mitigation, response, and recovery. Both natural and man-caused disasters are treated in this analysis. Subsequent to the presentation of an executive summary, an introductory chapter provides the following: a context for the ensuing treatment of the objective of the report; a variety of perspectives on the identification, perceptions, and significance of this problem area; and a number of identifiable alternatives for congressional initiatives in the future. The following two chapters illustrate the various ways information technologies are being used in coping with several kinds of natural and technological disasters, along with background and key statistical information on these focal areas; then a discussion of the Federal role in striving to ensure greater resiliency in the information support infrastructure is presented. Next, a chronology of selected governmental actions and related e vents reflects the pattern of activity, especially during the past 25 years. The final six chapters include the highlights and commentary of major subcommittee endeavors, including two hearings, a national workshop, and a technical forum. A series of appendices provide selected background material. (THC) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** UAL semummon Of NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER IERICI This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this docu- ment do not neesesarily represent official ME .-.4amition or policy. [COMMITTEE PRINT] INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT REPORT PREPARED BY THE CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS FOR THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON INVESTIGATIONS AND OVERSIGHT TRANSMITTED TO THE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NINETY-EIGHTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION Serial NH OCTOBER 9, 1984 Printed for the use of the Committee on Science and Technology U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 35-651 0 WASHINGTON :1984 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DON FUQUA, Florida, Chairman ROBERT A. ROE, New Jersey LARRY WINN, JR., Kansas GEORGE E. BROWN, Js., California MANUEL LUJAN, JR., New Mexico JAMES H. SCHEUER, New York ROBERT S. WALKER, Pennsylvania RICHARD L. OTTINGER, New York WILLIAM CARNEY, New York TOM HARKIN, Iowa F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., MARILYN LLOYD, Tennessee Wisconsin DOUG WALGREN, Pennsylvania JUDD GREGG, New Hampshire DAN GLICKMAN, Kansas RAYMOND J. McGRATH, New York ALBERT GORE, JR., Tennessee JOE SKEEN, New Mexico ROBERT A. YOUNG, Missouri CLAUDINE SCHNEIDER, Rhode Island HAROLD L. VOLKMER, Missouri BILL LOWERY, California BILL NELSON, Florida ROD CHANDLER, Washington STAN LUNDINE, New York HERBERT H. BATEMAN, Virginia RALPH M. HALL, Texas SHERWOOD L. BOEHLERT, New York DAVE McCURDY, Oklahoma ALFRED A. (AL) McCANDLFSS, California MERVYN M. DYMALLY, California TOM LEWIS, Florida PAUL SIMON, Illinois NORMAN Y. MINETA, California RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois MICHAEL A. ANDREWS, Texas BUDDY MACKAY, Florida TIM VALENTINE, North Carolina HARRY M. REID, Nevada ROBERT G. TORRICELLI, New Jersey FREDERICK C. BOUCHER, Virginia HAROLD P. HANSON, Executive Director ROBERT C. KETCHAM, General Counsel REGINA A. DAVIS, Chief Clerk DAVID S. JEFFERY, Minority Staff Director SUBCOMMITTEE ON INVESTIGATIONS AND OVERSIGHT ALBERT GORE, JR., Tennessee, Chairman HARRY M. REID, Nevada JOE SKEEN, New Mexico HAROLD L. VOLKMER, Missouri ALFRED A. (AL) McCANDLESS, California ROBERT A. ROE, New Jersey CLAUDINE SCHNEIDER, Rhode Island RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois JAMES H. SCIIEUER, New York ROBERT B. NICHOLAS, Chief Counsel/Staff Director STEPHEN A. OWENS, Counsel JAMES J. JENSEN, Investigator ROBERT LAMINA, Minority Technical Consultant LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Washington, DC, May 21, 1984. Hon. DON FUQUA, Chairman, Committee on Science and Technology, House of Representatives, Washington, DC. DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: I am pleased to transmit to you a report recently completed for the Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight by the Congressional Research Service entitled "Informa- tion Technology for Emergency Management." For several years the Subcommittee has been looking into the role that information technology can play in both anticipating and responding to natural and manmade disasters. In addition to four days of hearings, the Subcommittee conducted a technical forum and national workshop during the 97th and 98th Congresses. This report presents a thorough summary and analysis of those activi- ties and contains several recommendations designed to improve communications during disaster operations. The Subcommittee wishes to acknowledge the support provided by Robert L. Chartrand, Senior Specialist in Information Policy and Technology, and his associates in the Congressional Research Service in the preparation of the hearings and related sessions, and in the preparation of this study. Sincerely, ALBERT GORE, Jr., Chairman, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight. LETTER OF SUBMITTAL CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE, THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, Washington, DC, May 14, 1984. Hon. ALBERT GORE, Jr., Chairman, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Commit- tee on Science and Technology, House of Representatives, Wash- ington, DC. DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: I am pleased to submit this report entitled "Information Technology for Emergency Management," prepared at the request of the Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight of the Committee on Science and Technology, of the United States House of Representatives. This study presents an overview of the existing and emerging issues related to the application of information technologycom- puters, telecommunications, microform systems, audio and video devicesto all phases of emergency management: prevention, miti- gation, response, recovery. Both natural and man-caused disasters are a focus of this analysis. Subsequent to the presentation of an executive summary which sets forth the requisite factual information and related observa- tions essential to a more full development of this critical topic, an introductory chapter provides a context for the ensuing treatment of the objective of the report, the myriad aspects of this increasing- ly significant problem area as perceived by authorities from across the country, and a number of identifiable alternatives for congres- sional initiatives in the future. Following two chapters which fea- ture illustrative material on the various ways the array of informa- tion technologies are being utilized in coping with several kinds of natural and technological disasters, along with background and key statistical information on these focal areas, a discussion of the Federal role in striving to ensure greater resiliency in our informa- tion support infrastructure is presented. Next, a chronology of se- lected governmental actions and related events reflects the pattern of activity, especially during the past quarter-century. The under- pinning of this full report is found in the six chapters which follow, for these include the highlights and commentary of the six major Subcommittee endeavors, including three days of hearings, a na- tional workshop, and a technical forum, which spanned the 97th and 98th Congresses. Finally, a series of appendices provide select- ed background material designed to augment the core narrative. (V) 6 VI The direction of this project was performed by Robert L. Char- trand, our Senior Specialist in Information Policy and Technology, who was the chief author and editor. Dr. Clark F. Norton, Special- ist in American National Government, prepared Chapter V and re- viewed the entire manuscript. Nancy R. Miller, Analyst in Infor- mation Science and Technology, contributed significantly to the preparation of Chapters III and IV, coauthoring the former with Madeline Seidner of the Office of Senior Specialists, and assisting Trudie A. Punaro, Research Assistant to the Senior Specialist, with the latter. Ms. Punaro also performed all of the research and draft- ing of material for
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