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An Instnlctional Unit in Earth Values and Ethics by Clifford E: Knapp TABTE of COI\TENTS

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An Instnlctional Unit in Earth Values and Ethics by Clifford E: Knapp TABTE of COI\TENTS AND An Instnlctional Unit in Earth Values and Ethics by Clifford E: Knapp TABTE OF COI\TENTS Preface 1 About the Author: . Introduction 2 Dr. Clifford E. Knapp has taught at all educational.levels, elementary through grad¡¡4te school, He is' Lésson I. Investigating Heroe.s and Heroinesl,, 5 currcntly on.the Outdoor Teache¡ What did-they b"Ii"nt and do? Education faculty at Northern Illinoís ' University's,tr.orado Taft Field I esson 2. Quotations About Heroes and Heroines: . 9 Campus in Oregon, Illinois. , ùut did they say? ' He has had a long:time interest h outdoor activities, envi¡onmental '- I,esson 3. Yf.ftat Environmental Values Do I Hold?: ethics, community building, and: What do tr believe and'what can I do? . values education. He has published t andjournal books, bookchapters, 'Cliff Environmental Heroes and Heroines (List) T7 a¡ticles on these topics. has ' - dpdicated,his professional careerfo' itluminating the c"onnections between Further References ' natur€ and human nature for teachers and outdoor leaders. .; He wouldlike to hearf¡om teach' ers and their students'.about their - f' experiences with envi¡onrnental'. heroes and heroines. Contact him at Box 313, Oregon,IL 61061. (ïLs)732-3790. Envirorunental Educarton Associatio n oî I llinois ì/ PREFACE Children need positive role-models! They need heroes and heroines to influence their beliefs, values and behaviors -- their very lives. Unlike the past, when we tended to focus upon politicians and generals as role models, we now admirc people from many walks of life, even those making the protection of our environment a guiding principle in their lives. When Dr. Clifford Knapp proposed that he author an instructional unit on "Envi¡onmental Heroes and Heroines", we jumped at the chance to make it available to the participants of our environmental education workshops (Prroject WILD, Project Iæarning Tree, 3'Rs, and others) in Illinois. While much of this unit may be of more interest to teachers of upper grade students, it does contain suggestions and ideas that teachers ofyoungchildrencanadaptanduse. Manychildrenarefamilia¡withandloveTlwl¿raxbyDr.SeussandTheSenseofWonderby Rachel Carson -- and would benefit greatly from knowing more about thc authors of these remarkable books. It is in that spirit that we hope you will use "Environmental Heroes and Heroines." Dr. Malcolm Swan, Coordinator EEAI Scientific Literacy Project February, 1993 Funds for thc darclopnunt and reproduction of thís iwtructíonal unit were largety províded by an lllinois State Board of Education Scientific Literøq Grønt to the Envirorvmennl Educøtion Associatíon of lllircis (EEN). EEAI is a 503(c)3 organization. Although its ¡nentbershíp is open to anyonc, it corsists prinurily of educators dcdícated to improving tln quality of conserttarton and envirorunental educarton in lllþtois schools. Design & Layout: Janice L. Woodhouse Produced by EEAI at O¡cgon,Illinois, 1993 Printed on recycled paper. Lâ/2-93 Enviroru¡unnl Heroes and Heroircs I INTRODUCTION hero and tTttt" purpose of this instn¡ctional unit I-et's define an "environmental lives and the I is to encourage teachers to involve heroine" and examine how our enriched by their students in the study of the values and lives of our sftdents can bc actions of environmcntal heroes and hero' knowing more about thcm. ines in order to help them develop their own earth ethic. Our society selects heroes and heroines WÍIAT IS TTIE EIWIRONMENT? philosopher/ from many professions and all walks of life. R. Buckminster Fuller, a once said Thesc admirablc people come from sports, scientislmathematician/designer, ttA "everything except hero is film, telcvision, politics, literaturc, religion that the environment is included all the or anywhere else wc can find them. V/ith me." His broad definition events found around someone increasing problems, such as environmental physical objects and "environ- pollution,loss of plant and animal species, us. A nÍuïower view of the term only what some call natural who has given and other habitat destruction' some people ment" includes air, water, soil, timber, are very concemed about the ability of our resources such as other elements planet to support life as we know it. These sunlight energy, wildlife and his or her life concemed citizens, often called environ- of the earth. these basic build- mcntalists,look to role models in fields In a forest for example, to something bigger occur in a system which such as science, technology, ecology, ing blocks of life laws or forces. If this anthropology, literature or government for follows natural than oneself.tr scverely contarninated guidancc and inspiration. Young people, natural system is not changed in othcr ways by human interfer- espccially, can bcnefit from learning more or JoæPh CamPbell to operatc and sustain about thc leaders who make a difference ence, it continues Natural systems do change attempting to create a better world through itself over time. humans have accelerated this environmental action. By modelling certain slowly, but many people are dceply con- bchaviors of others whom we admire and process and ecological systems arc rcsp€ct, s'e can change how we impact the cerned. When disrupted by human activity to a point ecology of thc Planet. where their sustainability is threatened, an Envírownental Eùrcation Assocíation of lllinois 2 envi¡onmental problem arises. When 1. In mythology and legend, a man different opinions exist about how to iden- of great srength and courage, favored by tify and solve these problems, we have what the gods and in part descended from them; is called an environmental issue. As civili- 2. Any man admired for his cour- zation develops, especially in the urban age, nobility or exploits, especially in war; areas of the continent, many serious envi- 3. Any penon admired for his ronmental problems can be identified. qualities or achievements and regarded as Some examples are nuclear waste dis- an ideal or model; posl, contamination of ground water with 4. The central male character in a toxic wastes, cutting of old growth forests, novel, play, poem, etc. with whom the air pollution by industrial emissions, soil reader or audience is supposed to sympa- erosion, disappearance of plant and animal thize; species, lowering of water tables, and 5. The central figure in any impor- thinning of the ozone layer. There is no tant event or period, honored for outstand- shortage of environmental problems and ing qualities. issues as our population and use of ad- A heroine is a female hero, although vanced technologies increase. As long as Campbell includes women in his definition. we continue ûo use natural resources for Which definition has more meaning for you basic survival needs and to enhance our when applied to the ecological health of the lifestyles wants, wc will affect the earth's planet? ecology. Environmental problems are really Simply stated, environmental heroes and people problems because we depend upon heroines are persons who a¡e admired and resources for survival and for creating the respected for their qualities and achieve- comforts and conveniences which contrib. ments in improving and preserving the ute to the quality of our lives. ecology of earth's natural systems. Herocs and heroines emerge frrom va¡ious fields bccause they have devoted their energies to WHA'T IS A IIERO AND HEROINE? changing society's ways of looking at Joseph Campbell, in his book, Tlw Power nature. of Myth, defines a hero as " . someone For example, John Muir and Anna who has given his or her life to somcthing Botsford Cornstock were naturalists who bigger than oneself." \ryrote about thcir adventures in the natural Webster's Ne++t Twentieth Century Un- world. Theodore Roæevelt and Petra obridgedDictionary lists five meanings of Kelly were political leaders who promoted the term: ecological awa¡eness. R¡chel Carson and John Burroughs 3 secm to Atdo Leopold were scientists who wrote wildlife, but not valuc the way they plants. Very few and spoke out about environmsntal prob disregard endangcred bclicve in everything lcms that conccrned thenr And Jæeph herocs and heroines that you totally Wood Krutch and Sally Carrighar we're you do or behavc in ways not likc yours writcn who appreciated and interpreted approve of. Values that a¡c thcy arc sorlre- nature though liæranre. aren't necessarily trrong; times simply different. This means, too, that wc can select a variety of herocs and r€sp€ct DO HEROES AND IIEROINES HAVE TO heroines as models and othen can BE WORLD FAMOUS PEOPLE? our differcnt choices. Heroes and heroines can be identified by their actions in the community or local region, too. They don't havc to achievc HOW MANY EI.TVIRONMENTAL CAN I HAVE national of internatis¡¿ ¿ççlaim. Thc TIEROES AND TIEROINES pcople who initiate a communiry recycling AT ONE TIME? limit number of people program, or organize a campaign to savc a Why put a on the respect? Environmental thrcatencd wood lot, or writc letærs to the you admire and a wide range of problems and editor of the newspaPer about an environ- concent spans heroines we mcntal concern can also be considered issues. The more heroes and mole we can expand our herocs and heroines. \Ye can define the can discover, thc and possible \l'ays of taking scopc of influence for our heroes and value choices prcserve ttre earth. This hcroines because every individual action action to help unit is designed to raise the makes a difference on a world scale' instructional awareness and knowledge levels of stu- dents. By examining ttre underlying values whom we admire, we DO I HAVE TO ADMIRE EVERYTHING held by the peoPle refine their ABOUT A PERSON TO CONSIDER HIM can help students develop and cthics. g OR IIER A HERO OR HEROINE? environmental The answer to this question depends on how you vicw the tenns hcro and heroine' If yot¡ can accept the idea that no other pcrson sharps identical values in every area of your lifc, you can sclect only those valucs that you ådmirË.
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