Goddard Space Flight Center 2014 Annual Report

GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER 2014 ANNUAL REPORT

THIS IS SCIENCE

www.nasa.gov

One Goddard ...... 2 TABLE OF Goddard at a Glance ...... 3 Center Director’s Message ...... 5 Our Purpose ...... 6 Our Focus Areas ...... 8 CONTENTS 2014 in Figures ...... 12 Our Organization ...... 14 14 Highlights of 2014 ...... 15 Our Passion ...... 20 Earth Science ...... 22 Astrophysics ...... 24 Heliophysics ...... 26 Planetary Science ...... 28 Space Communications and Navigation ...... 30 Suborbital Programs and Range Services ...... 32 Our Possibility ...... 34 Education ...... 36 Public Communication ...... 37 Current State of the Workforce 2014 ...... 38 Best Places to Work in the Federal Government 2014 . . . . 39 Budget ...... 40 Economic Impact ...... 41 Our Pledge ...... 42 In Memoriam ...... 44

OUR PEOPLE i am goddard is a celebration of the many individual contributions that make Goddard successful. More profiles can be found at iamgoddard.gsfc.nasa.gov (internal site).

1 Global APPROXIMATELY 13,000+ provider of ONE GODDARD: CIVIL SERVANTS, ONSITE CONTRACTORS, WE ARE STRONGER TOGETHER AND OTHERS* scientific *including off-site contractors, interns, and Emeritus WALLOPS FLIGHT research, FACILITY GODDARD WALLOPS ISLAND technology, GREENBELT CAMPUS VIRGINIA MARYLAND

and missions Dr. John Mather AT A GLANCE and the COBE team confirmed INDEPENDENT the Big Bang VERIFICATION theory to that extraordinary accuracy. & VALIDATION Goddard has also contributed to FACILITY three additional transform our FAIRMONT Nobel Prizes. WHITE SANDS WEST VIRGINIA COMPLEX 100% knowledge LAS CRUCES OF U.S. WEATHER GODDARD SATELLITES FOR NEW MEXICO NOAA Patent# INSTITUTE FOR Hurricane Gonzalo US 7513460 B2 of Earth and SPACE STUDIES GOES Satellite NEW YORK CITY NEW YORK + space 16,000 750+ PATENTS LAUNCHES “Robotics for Satellite Servicing” SA’S FIR NA ST Expert in the study of our world, S ROBERT H. GODDARD A S P A W the solar system, and beyond, C THE FATHER OF MODERN ROCKETRY D EST. E R HUBBLE F 25 A NASA Goddard Space Flight (1882–1945) The American engineer, L D I SPACE

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professor, physicist, and inventor credited D

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our ability to envision the origins M

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3 MISSIONS 0 OB RS SER

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and innovations; design, build Goddard has developed more planetary Y First successful G E instruments than any other organization, T weather satellite A I) H (TIROS R and launch spacecraft; and man­ reaching every planet in the solar system. E

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N L D A We are meeting our commitments; E N N Cost Schedule L IO munications infrastructure en­ Mission AY AT recent missions managed by Performance Performance ER OBSERV ables NASA and others to bring Goddard have launched under WORLD’S LARGEST LANDSAT-5 set a ISO 7 CLEANROOM GUINNESS WORLD RECORD LDCM –$84.4 M Early 3 15 OLYMPIC-SIZED back knowledge from space, budget and on schedule. The 2014 1.3 MILLION FT SWIMMING POOLS “Longest-Operating Earth Observation Satellite” cost performance for MAVEN share it with diverse customers, MAVEN –$51.2 M On time and GPM are particularly notable and apply it to society in count­ due to the impacts felt by the GPM –$55.6 M Delayed due less ways. Government shutdown. to furlough

2 Dr. John Mather AT A GLANCE and the COBE team confirmed the Big Bang theory to extraordinary accuracy. Goddard has also contributed to three additional 100% Nobel Prizes. OF U.S. WEATHER SATELLITES FOR NOAA Patent# Hurricane Gonzalo US 7513460 B2 GOES Satellite + 16,000 750+PATENTS LAUNCHES “Robotics for Satellite Servicing” SA’S FIR NA ST S ROBERT H. GODDARD A S P A W C THE FATHER OF MODERN ROCKETRY D EST. E R HUBBLE F 25 A (1882–1945) The American engineer, L D I SPACE

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professor, physicist, and inventor credited D

H YEARS TELESCOPE

O MAY T

with creating and building the world's first

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liquid-fueled rocket. C E

N

T

1959 E MILLION RKS INVOL R WO VI T NG Goddard E SO N O ILLION LA V OBSERVATIONS A M R 1 invests T E 0 V A R 0 I D 2 1 E ...Many more” O W and 11,000+ scientific papers more than D 0 D S N “ S C FIRSTS A

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N N LU I ION NA

T L R 80% K IL T

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of its funding in O

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businesses, academia, L R A and nonprofit P H

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organizations. C

M

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First Earth photo S U

from satellite R

(Vanguard II) E M

E

N

E

T

S O

S 300+

3 MISSIONS 0 OB RS SER

+ EA V Y IN

Goddard has developed more planetary Y First successful G E instruments than any other organization, T weather satellite A I) H (TIROS R reaching every planet in the solar system. E

S E

Engineers hoisted NASA’s O A

Webb telescope’s Near F R

T

Infrared Spectrograph O H

in the cleanroom. Z W

O I T T

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N L D A E N N L IO AY AT ER OBSERV WORLD’S LARGEST LANDSAT-5 set a ISO 7 CLEANROOM GUINNESS WORLD RECORD 3 15 OLYMPIC-SIZED 1.3 MILLION FT SWIMMING POOLS “Longest-Operating Earth Observation Satellite” www.nasa.gov/goddard

3 2014, A BANNER YEAR FOR SCIENCE AT NASA

Christopher Scolese • Center Director

4 Center Director’s Message

Since 1959, Goddard has been Science has always been at the work we do. They support a leader in NASA’s scientific forefront of the agency’s mission, key organizations including and cutting-edge technology and 2014 was a banner year. legal, financial, institutional efforts to better understand our Major Earth science missions were operations, human resources, world, the solar system, and the launched, our excellence in space equal employment, inclusion universe. Over the years, we have telescopes continued with Hubble and diversity, safety and security, transformed our understanding and Webb, countless scientific and countless other groups that of Earth and space, and in breakthroughs were made in work together to make science doing so, we address some of climate science and weather for possible while safeguarding humanity’s greatest questions NASA and NOAA, and we have NASA’s assets and people. regarding the nature of the continued our efforts to explore universe and the systems of Mars and the solar system. I am excited to say that this life here at home. We have Every day we have strived to was an exceptional year for discovered more about why we deliver outstanding research and science at NASA, with significant are here by seeking to understand technology in science, supported contributions from our team. the origins of life through our by equally formidable space I am honored to be involved work in planetary science. We communications, navigation with such a unique and proud have secured vital knowledge services, and suborbital programs. tradition of exemplary Earth and about how we can survive and space science conducted by the thrive through our Earth science We have extended our track diverse, committed, and talented and heliophysics research that record of success in 2014 with the community that is Goddard. furthers understanding of our help of our first-class workforce changing planet and how our lives and our partners, large and small. are influenced by the Sun. We This year major contracts were have continued the never-ending awarded to continue the world- quest to know what is out there class science, engineering, and by exploring the greater cosmos support services provided by and our place within it through our five locations, and Goddard numerous astrophysics missions. was recognized for its efforts to Behind the thrill of discovery support small businesses. and exhilaration of exploration lies the hard work of scientists, I would be remiss not to mention engineers, technologists, and all of the crucial administrative other professionals who form the and mission support personnel foundation of all our endeavors. who enable the technical

5 THIS IS WHO WE ARE

OUR PURPOSE

6 A Place for NASA Vision Science We reach for new heights and reveal the unknown for the benefit of humankind. For the good of our Nation and the world, Goddard leads scien­ NASA Mission tific research and exploration that transforms our understanding of Drive advances in science, technology, aeronautics, and space exploration to enhance knowledge, education, innovation, economic Earth and space and enhances the vitality, and stewardship of Earth. lives of people on our home planet.

We advance NASA’s mission NASA’s Strategic Goals by leading scientific research, 1. Expand the frontiers of knowledge, capability, and and by building, launching, and opportunity in space. operating scientific instruments, 2. Advance understanding of Earth and develop technologies spacecraft, and information sys­ to improve the quality of life on our home planet. tems. As a science center, God­ 3. Serve the American public and accomplish our mission by dard seeks to understand the effectively managing our people, technical capabilities, and Earth and to explore the universe infrastructure. through a robust program of sci­ entific research in Earth science, astrophysics, heliophysics, and planetary science. As a space­ flight center, Goddard utilizes its core technical and programmatic expertise and facility capabilities to execute a broad range of flight missions and field campaigns. We are committed to enabling innovation and developing new technologies that expand the agency’s technical capabilities in support of its overarching mission. Goddard then applies its breakthroughs to society: stimulating economic growth, fostering the education of the next generation, and inspiring the Nation.

7 Our FOCUS AREAS

The center has identified key focus areas that are strategi­ cally important to NASA and for which Goddard is uniquely suited to provide.

These primary science areas, cross-cutting technologies, and Earth SCIENCE ASTROPHYSICS enabling efforts, are essential Develops an improved under­ Conducts a broad program of to the agency’s ability to con­ standing of Earth’s climate using research in astronomy, astrophys­ duct scientific missions, provide satellite data and computer mod­ ics, and fundamental physics. technological expertise, and els; addresses key aspects of the Individual investigations ad­ deliver outstanding science prod­ energy, carbon, and water cycles dress issues such as the nature ucts and services to NASA and and how they interact to support of dark matter and dark energy, the country. life on Earth; formulates sub- the search for habitable planets orbital and orbital missions and around other stars, the origin and sensors for Earth observations; evolution of the universe, and the collects and analyzes measure­ nature of space, time, and matter ments of the land, ice-covered at the edges of black holes. areas, oceans, and atmosphere using data acquired from the surface, air, and space; and communicates our results to the scientific community, the public, and policy makers.

8 HELIOPHYSICS PLANETARY SPACE Researches the Sun and its ex­ SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS tended solar-system environment (the heliosphere), and the inter­ Investigates the planets, moons, actions of Earth, other planets, and small objects in the solar & NAVIGATION small bodies, and interstellar gas system and beyond. Our scien­ with the heliosphere. tists study the evolution of these Includes systems and technolo­ bodies, their inner structures, and gies needed for responsive com­ Our research also encompasses the processes and forces that munications and navigation. geospace (Earth’s uppermost alter them. We probe their atmo­ atmosphere, the ionosphere, and spheres, examine their surfaces, Our investments primarily sup­ the magnetosphere) and solar and look for signs of habitability. port NASA’s exploration, space system weather. operations, and science missions Primary research areas include in near-Earth and deep space designing and building instru­ environments. ments for landers and orbiting spacecraft, as well as conducting theoretical studies and develop­ ing computer models.

9 CROSS-CUTTING TECHNOLOGIES

Goddard develops high-per­ formance and cost-effective solutions to the most challenging problems on flight missions.

Sensor Systems & Instrument Platforms We develop and build state- of -the-art Earth science, helio­ physics, astrophysics, planetary science, and exploration instru­ ments and missions. Scientists SUBORBITAL HUMAN and engineers across all of our engineering disciplines develop PLATFORMS & EXPLORATION & instruments, from subsystems (such as detectors and optical el­ ements) to complete instruments RANGE SERVICES OPERATIONS and instrument suites.

Manages and implements pro­ Focuses on the International Large-Scale Scientific grams for sounding rockets, Space Station (ISS) operations Information Systems, balloons, and aircraft. We own and human exploration beyond Data Processing, & and operate Wallops Launch low Earth-orbit. It fully integrates Dissemination Range ­—NASA’s only launch facil­ the operation of NASA’s in-space Goddard is a world-class pro­ ity and one of four space-lift ca­ assets and current capabilities vider of data management and pable ranges in the Nation. Our with planning for the agency’s state-of-the-art computing and programs focus on technologies future, including the size and networking. In order to process that allow carriers to fly at new type of the workforce, facilities, and share the results of NASA locations and altitude regimes, and contracts. missions, Goddard designs and and for extended durations. implements custom, large-scale data systems and supercomput­ ing applications that handle a wide range of science data. Goddard’s high-performance computing and data archiving enable rapid access, scientific modeling, and analysis across missions and disciplines.

10 In-Space Satellite Servicing The Goddard Project Life cycle With a 30-year history of satellite servicing and repair (including CONCEIVE DESIGN a legacy of five successful ser­ vicing missions to the Hubble BUILD Space Telescope), Goddard satellite-servicing capabilities range from on-orbit spacecraft We Start refueling and repair, and assem­ With Science... TEST bling large structures in orbit to modular designs that allow for spacecraft modification. These capabilities offer options for extended mission operations, reconfiguration, and recovery. OTHER ENABLING LAUNCH CAPABILITIES ...and End With Science

Goddard provides the following enabling capabilities that are OPERATE integral to all of Goddard’s work in science and exploration. SHARE ANALYZE

Program & Project End-to-End Mission Safety & Mission Assurance Management Systems Architecture & Goddard is a recognized leader Goddard manages the formula­ Engineering in safety and mission assurance, tion, design, integration, test­ We address the full life cycle of sci­ with a lengthy history of imple­ ing, and operations of space­ ence missions, spacecraft, in situ menting effective, innovative, craft, instruments, and ground and remote-sensing instruments, and cost-effective approaches control and data-processing and payloads from advanced to reduce risk and enable mis­ systems. We also tailor our concepts through implementa­ sion success. Safety and Mission management and implemen­ tion. Our systems architecture as­ Assurance personnel and pro­ tation approach to each mis­ sembly and “system-of-systems” cesses are integrated through­ sion. As part of our program analysis includes research and ap­ out Goddard. They ensure the and project management pro­ plication for complex systems in­ safety and mission success in all cesses, we conduct effective volving multi-faceted sensors and of the center’s operations and mission management and cost related electronics, digital signal flight projects. estimation, maintain key sched­ processing, guidance navigation ules, develop technology, man­ and control-sensing algorithms, age risk, and assure outcomes. and software.

11 2014 in Figures 3,000+ CIVIL SERVANTS 3,500 APPYLING ONE GODDARD 6,000+ 500 INTERNS ONSITE CONTRACTORS 4 MORE THAN 13,000 PEOPLE TECHNOLOGIES MIDDLE MAJOR PROGRAM 1,000s SCHOOL OF OTHERS* ACHIEVEMENTS *including off-site contractors, 47 STATES interns, and Emeritus STUDENTS Technology 285 New Technology Reports JAMES HIGHLIGHTED AND Transfer IN FY 2014 + many more. Software Usage Agreements 38%FEMALE 62% MALE COLLEGES & EDUCATORS 43 Please visit (Civil Servants) (Civil Servants) 196 UNIVERSITIES ENGAGED WEBB Invention WITH THE 32 Patent Applications 75 SUMMER OF Portfolio SPACE TELESCOPE HIGH SCHOOLS INNOVATION Partnership Strategic Partnerships Development 8 Number of primary mirror segments: 18 BUDGET: $4.8B Joint Agency Satellites 13,500 3,500 2,042 AIRBORNE COLLEGE AIRCRAFT 660K 5 SCIENCE HOURS STUDENTS HOURS IN ON SOUNDING PARTICIPATED SUPPORT Earth Day ROCKET AND IN HANDS-ON OF EARTH Global Selfie Direct GSFC BUDGET: $3.4B BALLOON FLIGHT SCIENCE Japan Aerospace MISSIONS PROJECT Web Views Exploration Agency AGENCIES EXPERIENCES Reimbursable GSFC Budget: $1.4B (In past 18 months) MISSIONS IN OPERATIONAL 69 114 (FROM OTHER GOVERNMENT AND NON-GOVERNMENT ENTITIES) 3 DEVELOPMENT 7MISSIONS 12 YEARS 6 SOUNDING SOUNDING ROCKET AND OF ROCKET ORBITAL BALLOON WALLOPS LAUNCHES LAUNCHES MISSIONS 50,000 SELFIES INNOVATION PLACES TO WORK IN THE FEDERAL OF 315 AGENCY (In past 3 years) (In past 18 months) RECEIVED BestGOVERNMENT RANKING #6 COMPONENTS 21 million+ MISSION 383 SCENES DOWNLOADED FROM LANDSAT 3.8M+ ARCHIVE AS OF NOVEMBER 7, 2014 NETWORK EARTH SCIENCE PEOPLE HOW USERS PUT LANDSAT DATA TO WORK REACHED WITH (10/01/2014 TO 12/31/2014): Capability: 3.8 Gbps ONE FACEBOOK POST 400 ASTROPHYSICS 240 Total Launches LAND COVER SOFTWARE 23.5% USE/CHANGE 15.3% DEVELOPMENT Supported: 26 330% 172 INCREASE IN FACEBOOK LIVES SAVED ISS Docking, Undocking, FOLLOWERS PUBLICATIONS PLANETARY FACILITY NASA MISSIONS & EVAs Supported: 20 SCIENCE IN THE UNITED STATES 14 SUPPORTED THROUGH GODDARD- IV&V 60% SEVERITY ONE Figures are for FY 2014 180 ENABLED SEARCH 61 ISSUES IDENTIFIED unless noted otherwise. INCREASE IN TWITTER FOLLOWERS HELIOPHYSICS & RESCUE

12 3,000+ CIVIL SERVANTS 3,500 APPYLING ONE GODDARD 6,000+ 500 INTERNS ONSITE CONTRACTORS 4 MORE THAN 13,000 PEOPLE TECHNOLOGIES MIDDLE MAJOR PROGRAM 1,000s SCHOOL OF OTHERS* ACHIEVEMENTS *including off-site contractors, 47 STATES interns, and Emeritus STUDENTS Technology 285 New Technology Reports JAMES HIGHLIGHTED AND Transfer IN FY 2014 + many more. Software Usage Agreements FEMALE MALE COLLEGES & EDUCATORS 43 Please visit 38% 62% http://jwst.nasa.gov/recentaccomplish.html (Civil Servants) (Civil Servants) 196 UNIVERSITIES ENGAGED WEBB Invention WITH THE 32 Patent Applications 75 SUMMER OF Portfolio SPACE TELESCOPE HIGH SCHOOLS INNOVATION Partnership Strategic Partnerships Development 8 Number of primary mirror segments: 18 BUDGET: $4.8B Joint Agency Satellites 13,500 3,500 2,042 AIRBORNE COLLEGE AIRCRAFT 660K 5 SCIENCE HOURS STUDENTS HOURS IN ON SOUNDING PARTICIPATED SUPPORT Earth Day ROCKET AND IN HANDS-ON OF EARTH Global Selfie Direct GSFC BUDGET: $3.4B BALLOON FLIGHT SCIENCE Japan Aerospace MISSIONS PROJECT Web Views Exploration Agency AGENCIES EXPERIENCES Reimbursable GSFC Budget: $1.4B (In past 18 months) MISSIONS IN OPERATIONAL 69 114 (FROM OTHER GOVERNMENT AND NON-GOVERNMENT ENTITIES) 3 DEVELOPMENT 7MISSIONS 12 YEARS 6 SOUNDING SOUNDING ROCKET AND OF ROCKET ORBITAL BALLOON WALLOPS LAUNCHES LAUNCHES MISSIONS 50,000 SELFIES INNOVATION PLACES TO WORK IN THE FEDERAL OF 315 AGENCY (In past 3 years) (In past 18 months) RECEIVED BestGOVERNMENT RANKING #6 COMPONENTS 21 million+ MISSION 383 SCENES DOWNLOADED FROM LANDSAT 3.8M+ ARCHIVE AS OF NOVEMBER 7, 2014 NETWORK EARTH SCIENCE PEOPLE HOW USERS PUT LANDSAT DATA TO WORK REACHED WITH (10/01/2014 TO 12/31/2014): Capability: 3.8 Gbps ONE FACEBOOK POST 400 ASTROPHYSICS 240 Total Launches LAND COVER SOFTWARE 23.5% USE/CHANGE 15.3% DEVELOPMENT Supported: 26 330% 172 INCREASE IN FACEBOOK LIVES SAVED ISS Docking, Undocking, FOLLOWERS PUBLICATIONS PLANETARY FACILITY NASA MISSIONS & EVAs Supported: 20 SCIENCE IN THE UNITED STATES 14 SUPPORTED THROUGH GODDARD- IV&V 60% SEVERITY ONE Figures are for FY 2014 180 ENABLED SEARCH 61 ISSUES IDENTIFIED unless noted otherwise. INCREASE IN TWITTER FOLLOWERS HELIOPHYSICS & RESCUE

13 OUR ORGANIZATION OUR DIRECTOR ORGANIZATION NASA Office Equal NASA Independ. of Inspector Opportunity Communications Chief Counsel Verification Programs & Validation General Office

HUMAN CHIEF SAFETY AND EDUCATION CAPITAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT MISSION MANAGEMENT OFFICER OPERATIONS ASSURANCE

APPLIED Suborbital Information FLIGHT ENGINEERING Sciences AND AND Special Technology PROJECTS AND Exploration Orbital AND TECHNOLOGY Projects Communications

14 14 1 2 JWST IRIS/SDO/RHESSI

HIGHLIGHTS NASA’s Flagship Astrophysics The Best-observed Flare Mission Makes Great Strides of All Time OF Representing the next era in as­ On March 29, 2014, an X-class trophysics, James Webb Space flare erupted from the right side Telescope (JWST), planned for of the Sun and was witnessed launch no earlier than 2018, by the Interface Region Imaging 2014 made significant progress in FY Spectrograph (IRIS), Solar Dy­ 2014. This observatory, which namics Observatory (SDO), Re­ will revolutionize our ability to uven Ramaty High Energy Solar ob ­serve and analyze the known Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI), and unknown universe, com­ Hinode, and the National So­ pleted many pre-launch testing lar Observatory’s Dunn Solar and assembly milestones. Our Telescope. The Solar Terrestrial key achievements include com­ Relations Observatory (STEREO) pleting critical design review, and Solar and Heliospheric Ob­ installing the fourth and final servatory (SOHO) observed the science instrument, lowering the coronal mass ejection, and Geo­ integrated “heart” into a vacuum stationary Operational Environ­ chamber for testing, and finishing mental Satellites (GOES) tracked central backbone tests. X-rays from the flare.

Universe Sun

15 3 4 5 GPM TDRS-L LLCD

NASA/JAXA Mission Launches, Third-Generation Communica­ Laser Demonstration Brings Sends Back Expansive Data tions Satellite is in Operation Broadband to the Moon

The Global Precipitation Mea­ The twelfth spacecraft in the Recognized by late night televi­ surement (GPM) Core Observato­ NASA Tracking and Data Relay sion, the White House, and two of ry, a joint Earth-observing mission Satellite System (TDRSS), TDRS-L the most prestigious technology between NASA and the Japan is the second of three third-gen­ awards programs in the country, Aerospace Exploration Agency eration satellites. TDRSS allows the Lunar Laser Communications (JAXA), successfully launched in Goddard to offer continuous te­ Demonstration (LLCD) made his­ February 2014 to advance our lemetry, tracking, and command tory using a pulsed laser beam to understanding of Earth’s water services between low Earth-orbit transmit data at a record-setting and energy cycles. Its opera­ spacecraft and customer control rate. Launched aboard the Lunar tional phase has already proved and data-processing facilities. Atmosphere and Dust Environ­ successful, conducting the first ment Explorer (LADEE) mission in observation of a hurricane during TDRS-L is now part of our vital September 2013, the successful, its entire life cycle, and providing space communications network 30-day demonstration began on researchers and society with the which, supports missions that October 18 and showcased the most accurate and comprehen­ range from Earth observations quality and fidelity of NASA HD sive collection of rain, snowfall, to deep space probes. video transmissions using a laser and other types of precipitation communications link to and from data ever assembled. the Moon.

Earth COMMUNICATIONS COMMUNICATIONS

16 6 7 8 MAVEN GOES-R Landsat 8

Newest Mars Mission Spacecraft Multiple Milestones for Next- NASA Extends Longest Enters Orbit Around Red Planet Gen Weather Satellite Continuous Observation of Earth from Space The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Geostationary Operational Envi­ EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft ronmental Satellites (GOES) have A centerpiece of NASA’s Earth successfully entered Mars’ orbit at driven U.S. weather monitoring Science program, Landsat, has 10:24 p.m. on Sunday, Sept. 21, for over four decades. The latest extended its continuous, four- 2014, to study the Red Planet’s up­ mission, GOES-R Series (GOES- decade data record of Earth’s per atmosphere as never done be­ R), is slated for launch in 2016 surface with the successful launch fore. MAVEN is the first spacecraft and features next-generation of Landsat 8 in Feb. 2013. In 2014, dedicated to exploring the tenuous tools that will result in more Landsat 8 helped pinpoint the upper atmosphere of Mars and has timely and accurate forecasts and coldest places on Earth, monitor already observed new details in warnings. In FY 2014, the solar urban change and flood risks, and the chain of events leading to at­ array was completed, and five of analyze coastal ecosystems. Freely mospheric loss. Immediately after six instruments were completed available from partner agency U.S. comet Siding Spring’s very close with two being fully installed on Geological Survey (USGS), Land­ flyby of Mars in November 2014, the spacecraft. The advanced sat’s high-quality scientific data MAVEN “tasted” the comet’s dust spacecraft and instrument tech­ are used to inform multi-decadal trail and helped provide proof posi­ nology will improve support for change studies and advance water, tive of this rare event’s effects on the detection and observations fire, food, and carbon manage­ the planet’s atmosphere. of meteorological phenomena. ment across the globe.

SOLAR SYSTEM Earth Earth

17 9 10 11 LRO SAM Hubble

LRO Breakthroughs SAM Reveals the Chemistry Over Two Decades of Continue of Mars Hubble’s Universe

Now in its fifth year in orbit, The Goddard instrument on Now entering its 25th year of NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance NASA’s Mars Curiosity rover operations, the Hubble Space Tele­ Orbiter (LRO) continues to re­ gathered evidence that present- scope is continuing to transform write our thinking about the day Mars is an active environment our understanding of the universe. Moon. The mission has provided and discovered traces of ancient Astronomers now can precisely strong evidence that volcanic chemistry. The onboard Sample measure the distance of stars up activity persisted on the Moon Analysis at Mars (SAM) laboratory, to 10,000 light-years away—10 much longer than previously designed and built at Goddard, times farther than previously pos­ thought, suggesting the interior measured transient spikes in the sible. Also, the recently released may be warmer than expected. amount of methane, an organic Ultraviolet Coverage of the Hubble And by mapping points on the chemical, in the atmosphere. SAM Ultra Deep Field provided the full- lunar surface, LRO also made the also made the first definitive de­ spectral range, which encompasses first measurement of the lunar tection of other organic molecules the missing link in star formation. tide from orbit—an effect of the in a sample of drilled rock. The Hubble’s more than one million ob­ gravitational tug-of-war between findings shed light on a chemi­ servations continue to reveal views Earth and the Moon. cally active modern Mars and of cosmic wonders never before favorable conditions for life on seen and remain at the forefront ancient Mars. of many new discoveries.

SOLAR SYSTEM SOLAR SYSTEM UNIVERSE

18 12 13 14 CRS Launches Nimbus Comet ISON

New Science, NASA Cargo Celebrating 50 Years ISON Captivated Journey to ISS of Nimbus the World

Another NASA commercial space NASA launched seven Nimbus The comet ISON captured sig­ partner officially began con­ Earth-observation research satel­ nificant attention from the sci­ tracted cargo flights to ISS from lites from 1964 (Nimbus-1) through ence community and the general Wallops in 2014. Dozens of new 1978. They carried a combined 33 public as it completed its often NASA investigations and other instruments that viewed Earth us­ surprising and dangerous journey science experiments arrived at ing visible, infrared, ultraviolet, and through the solar system and ISS aboard Orbital Sciences Cor­ microwave light, and monitored around the Sun. poration’s Cygnus spacecraft as Earth’s meteorological, climatic, part of the agency’s commercial oceanographic, and terrestrial NASA initiated a successful partnerships with U.S. aerospace behaviors. Among its many con­ Comet ISON Observing Cam­ companies. Orbital’s two Antares tributions, Nimbus led the way in paign to facilitate massive global rocket launches in FY 2014 were revolutionizing weather forecast­ monitoring of the comet in late part of a $1.9 billion NASA Com­ ing to achieve accurate long-term 2013, incorporating both space- mercial Resupply Services (CRS) forecasts, and played a key role and ground-based telescopes contract. These strategic indus­ in demonstrating the instrument and participation from citizen try investments strengthen the technology used on today’s me­ scientists as well as professional economy and sustain the Nation’s teorological satellites. Goddard and amateur astronomers. leadership in technology, innova­ marked the 50th anniversary at its tion, and exploration. visitor center in October 2014.

RANGE SERVICES Earth OUTREACH

19 THIS IS WHAT WE DO

OUR PASSION

20 A Place for SUCCESS

At Goddard, we launch science. We help answer crucial science questions through complex missions that depend on dedi­ cated, innovative teams to de­ velop pioneering technologies. Goddard is one of the few orga­ nizations worldwide to manage a mission from concept through operations, which utilize internal, partner, and industry expertise and resources and cover subor­ bital to planetary missions.

The depth and expertise of our scientists, engineers, tech­ nologists, project managers, support personnel, and facili­ ties form the foundation of our unique strength. With our lead­ ership in scientific research as well as instruments and space­ craft development, the center has a notable capability to con­ ceive and manage advanced science, technology, and space systems through the entire mis­ sion life cycle.

21 ASTROPHYSICS HELIOPHYSICS PLANETARY EARTH SCIENCE SPACE SUBORBITAL MANAGEMENT SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS PROGRAMS & & OPERATIONS & NAVIGATION RANGE SERVICES

Combined Budget $2.1B CombinedCombined Budget GSFC $2.1B43% GSFC Budget Percentage 3 Combined GSFC 43% GSFCFACILITIES Budget Percentage Greenbelt WFF GISS 3 FACILITIES 26% Reimbursable Greenbelt WFF GISS 26% Reimbursable 13 FY 2014 was quite eventful for LABORATORIES/OFFICES 17% Non-Reimbursable 13 Goddard Earth science. A major LABORATORIES/OFFICES 17% Non-Reimbursable Goddard-led NASA/JAXA mis­ STAFF Remaining GSFC 1,267 57% Civil Service, Contract, Other sion, GPM Core Observatory, was STAFF Remaining GSFC 1,267 launched this year to provide the 57% Civil Service, Contract, Other next-generation global observa­ tions of rain and snow. Goddard-led analyses of data from the airborne Operation IceBridge campaigns MISSIONS IN DEVELOPMENT OPERATIONAL MISSIONS have resulted in the first compre­ • CATS (Cloud-AerosolMISSIONS IN TransportDEVELOPMENT • Aqua OPERATIONAL MISSIONS System) • Aquarius hensive quantitative assessment •• CATSDSCOVR (Cloud-Aerosol (Deep Space Transport Climate •• Aqua Aura System)Observatory)* of the ice-sheet, net-balance evo­ •• Aquarius EO-1 (Earth Observing-1) • GEDI (Global Ecosystem Dynamics • DSCOVR (Deep Space Climate • Aura lution. In its third and final year, Observatory)*Investigation) • GOES-13*, GOES-14*, GOES-15* • EO-1 (Earth Observing-1) the Hurricane and Severe Storm •• GEDIGOES (Global (Geostationary Ecosystem Operational Dynamics • GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement)* Investigation)Environmental Satellite – R Series)* •• GOES-13*, Landsat 7*, GOES-14*, Landsat 8* GOES-15* Sentinel (HS3) mission flew two •• GOESICESAT-2 (Geostationary Operational •• GPM Suomi-NPP (Global (Suomi-National Precipitation Measurement)* Polar-orbiting NASA-instrumented, unmanned • EnvironmentalJPSS (Joint Polar Satellite Satellite – R System)* Series)* • LandsatPartnership)* 7*, Landsat 8* •• ICESAT-2PACE (Pre-Aerosol, Clouds, and •• Suomi-NPP SORCE (Solar (Suomi-National Radiation and Polar-orbitingClimate Experiment) Global Hawk aircraft to investigate Ocean Ecosystem) • JPSS (Joint Polar Satellite System)* •Partnership)* Terra • SMAP (Soil Moisture Active-Passive) how hurricanes in the Atlantic • PACE (Pre-Aerosol, Clouds, and •• SORCE TRMM (Solar(Tropical Radiation Rainfall and Measuring Climate Experiment) Mission) Ocean Ecosystem) • Terra Ocean basin form and change in *Joint Agency Satellite intensity. CATS, a lidar instrument • SMAP (Soil Moisture Active-Passive) • TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) for measurements of aerosols and *Joint AgencyNASA Satellite Strategic Objective 2.2: Advance knowledge of Earth as a clouds, successfully completed all system to meet the challenges of environmental change and to improve life on our planet. testing and various requirements in preparation for integration and launch to ISS in early 2015. NASA- PORTFOLIO USGS Landsat data continued to yield unprecedented information about forests, temperature, and ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION oceans. Our experts participated in cutting-edge issue discussions on atmospheric composition, ocean HYDROSPHERIC PROCESSES color, and snow remote-sensing. Studies provided new insights on the nature of the ozone hole and the likely significance of climate change. CARBON CYCLE & ECOSYSTEMS Researchers mapped a 3-million- year-old landscape beneath the Greenland ice sheet. These are only CLIMATE & WEATHER a few of numerous extraordinary discoveries this year in Earth science that help us better understand our EARTH SURFACE & INTERIOR changing planet.

22 UNDERSTANDING OUR DYNAMIC PLANET

Proposals MAKING HEADLINES (to NASA Research Announcements) Science Graphic of the Total – 214 Week: Fluorescence Internal – 106 Reveals the Incredible Productivity of America’s External – 108 Publications Corn Belt Win Rate – 39% (peer reviewed) — Apr. 3, 2014, WIRED

Total – 383 Who Pressed the Pause Button? First Author – 188 — Mar 8, 2014, The Economist

See NASA’s Dazzling Proof that U.S. Air Quality Has Improved Awards — June 26, 2014, Mashable

Total – 26 Ozone-depleting Compound Internal – 16 Found in Unexpected External – 10 Concentrations Despite Ban — Aug 23, 2014, Huffington Post

New Satellite Offers 3-D View of Rain and Snow — Mar 25, 2014, Discovery News

A World of Water, Seen from Space — Mar 3, 2014, The Atlantic

Arctic Sea Ice Melts to 6th Lowest Level on Record — Sept 22, 2014, USA Today HIGHLIGHTS

23 ASTROPHYSICS HELIOPHYSICS PLANETARY EARTH SCIENCE SPACE SUBORBITAL MANAGEMENT SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS PROGRAMS & & OPERATIONS & NAVIGATION RANGE SERVICES

Budget $932.4M GSFC Budget GSFC Percentage 19% 2 FACILITIES Budget $932.4M Greenbelt WFF GSFC Budget GSFC Percentage 19% 2 FACILITIES 19% Astrophysics Greenbelt5 WFF LABORATORIES/OFFICES

During FY 2014, scientists and en­ 19% Astrophysics STAFF • 104 civil servant scientists and 5 engineers LABORATORIES/OFFICES gineers in the Astrophysics Science • 115 contractors (administrative and 81% Remaining GSFC 372 engineers) • 78 cooperative agreement scientists Division made notable scientific • 44 postdoctoral fellows • 31 graduateSTAFF students • 104 civil servant scientists and discoveries with our operational engineers • 115 contractors (administrative and 81% Remaining GSFC 372 engineers) missions (HST, Fermi Space Tele­ • 78 cooperative agreement scientists • 44 postdoctoral fellows scope, Swift, and Suzaku). Their • 31 graduate students results were published in scientific journals and described to the pub­ lic in press releases. We also made MISSIONS IN DEVELOPMENT OPERATIONAL MISSIONS significant progress towards de­ • Astro-H (with JAXA) • ACE (Advanced Composition • NuSTAR (Nuclear veloping new space observatories • BETTII (Balloon Experimental Twin Explorer) Spectroscopic Telescope for Infrared • CREAM (Cosmic Ray Telescope Array) for the future. (1) Integration and Interferometry)MISSIONS IN DEVELOPMENT Energetics andOPERATIONAL Mass)(ISS) MISSIONS• STEREO (Solar • DXL (Diffuse X-rays from the Terrestrial testing of the JWST has proceeded •• CALETAstro-H (CALorimetric (with JAXA) Electron Local• ACE galaxy) (Advanced (rocket) CompositionRelations • NuSTAR (Nuclear Telescope) • FermiExplorer) Gamma-ray Space Observatory)Spectroscopic well, with two cryo-vacuum tests •• JWSTBETTII (James (Balloon Webb Experimental Space Telescope) Twin Telescope for Infrared Telescope• CREAM (Cosmic Ray • Super-TIGERTelescope Array) successfully completed. Launch of • Micro-XInterferometry) (sounding rocket) • HAWC+Energetics (High-resolution and Mass)(ISS) (Super• STEREO Trans-Iron (Solar Airborne• DXL (Diffuse Wideband X-rays Camera) from the GalacticTerrestrial Element •• NICERCALET (Neutron (CALorimetric star Interior Electron on SOFIA (Stratospheric Recorder) (balloon) JWST is on schedule for 2018; (2) Composition ExploreR) Local galaxy) (rocket) Relations Telescope) Observatory• Fermi Gamma-ray for Infrared Space • SuzakuObservatory) (with JAXA) The flight version of the Soft X-ray •• PIPERJWST (Primordial(James Webb Inflation Space Telescope) Astronomy) • Swift Polarization Explorer) (balloon) • HEASARCTelescope (High Energy • XQC• (X-ray Super-TIGER Spectrometer (SXS) and two flight • Micro-X (sounding rocket) Astrophysics• HAWC+ (High-resolutionScience Archive Quantum(Super Trans-Iron • TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Airborne Wideband Camera) Galactic Element • Satellite)NICER (Neutron star Interior Research Center) Calorimeter) X-ray mirrors were delivered to • HSTon (Hubble SOFIA Space (Stratospheric Telescope) (rocket)Recorder) (balloon) • WFIRSTComposition (Wide-Field ExploreR) Infrared Survey JAXA by Goddard for the Astro-H andObservatory its instruments for Wide Infrared Field • XMM-Newton• Suzaku (with JAXA) • Telescope)PIPER (Primordial – pre-formulation Inflation Camera-3Astronomy) and STIS (Space (X-ray• SwiftMulti-Mirror) mission. Testing is progressing well Polarization Explorer) (balloon) Telescope• HEASARC Imaging (High Energy (with• ESA)XQC (X-ray • TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Spectrograph)Astrophysics Science Archive Quantum with an anticipated mission; (3) The Satellite) Research Center) Calorimeter) Neutron star Interior Composition NASA Strategic Objective 1.6: Discover• HST (Hubble how Space the Telescope) universe works,(rocket) • WFIRSTexplore (Wide-Field how it Infrared began Survey and evolved,and and its instruments search for Wide life Field on planets• XMM-Newton Explorer (NICER), an X-ray timing Telescope) – pre-formulation Camera-3 and STIS (Space (X-ray Multi-Mirror) around otherTelescope stars. Imaging (with ESA) instrument, passed its review to Spectrograph) begin development for use on PORTFOLIO the International Space Station. We have built 42 X-ray concentra­ tor mirrors; (4) Developed to find PHYSICS OF THE COSMOS Earth-sized planets around bright stars, the Transiting Exoplanet Sur­ How does the universe work? Probe the origin and vey Satellite (TESS) also has passed destiny of our universe, including the nature of black holes, dark energy, dark matter, and gravity. its review and begun development. An engineering test unit camera is COSMIC ORIGINS under construction.

How did we get here? Explore the origin and evolution of the galaxies, stars, and planets that make up our universe.

EXOPLANET EXPLORATION

Are we alone? Discover and study planets around other stars and explore whether they could harbor life.

24 SEEING THE COSMOS IN A MISSIONS NEW LIGHT

• International Ultraviolet Explorer • Cosmic Background Explorer • Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe MAKING HEADLINES • Compton Gamma-ray Observatory • Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer NASA’s Hubble Maps the • Hubble Space Telescope Temperature and Water • Fermi Gamma-ray Space Publications Vapor on an Extreme Telescope Exoplanet • Swift Explorer — Oct 10, 2014, NASA.gov 400 Refereed scientific papers annually NASA’s RXTE Satellite 30 Press releases on new Decodes the Rhythm of an discoveries per year Unusual Black Hole AWARDS — Aug 18, 2014, NASA.gov FERMI Space Telescope 1 Nobel Prize by GSFC scientist Reveals New Source of 1 Nobel Prize based on GSFC mission Gamma Rays — Jul 31, 2014, NASA.gov 2 National Academy of Sciences memberships 1 Dannie Heineman Prize NASA’s Swift Satellite Marks 10 Years of Game- 3 Joseph Weber Prizes for Astronomical Instrumentation changing Astrophysics — Nov 20, 2014, NASA.gov 1 Annie Jump Cannon Award 3 George W. Goddard Awards Revolutionary Microshutter 1 Henry Draper Medal Technology Hurdles 1 Massey Award Significant Challenges 6 Rossi Prize winners — Jul 29, 2014, NASA.gov

NASA’s Hubble Finds Extremely Distant Galaxy through Cosmic Magnifying Glass — Oct 16, 2014, NASA.gov HIGHLIGHTS

25 ASTROPHYSICS HELIOPHYSICS PLANETARY EARTH SCIENCE SPACE SUBORBITAL MANAGEMENT SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS PROGRAMS & & OPERATIONS & NAVIGATION RANGE SERVICES

Budget $316.7M GSFC Budget 7% GSFC Percentage 3 FACILITIES Greenbelt WFF GISS

Heliophysics at GSFC encompass­ 7% Heliophysics 4 es research about the Sun, its ex­ LABORATORIES/OFFICES tended solar-system environment 93% Remaining GSFC (the heliosphere), and its interac­ 300STAFF 300Civil Service, Contract, Other tions with Earth, other planets, Civil Service, Contract, Other small bodies, and interstellar gas with the heliosphere. Our research also addresses geospace—Earth’s MISSIONS IN DEVELOPMENT OPERATIONAL MISSIONS uppermost atmosphere, the iono­ • DSCOVR (Deep Space Climate • ACE (Advanced • SOHO (Solar and sphere, and the magnetosphere Observatory)* Composition Explorer) Heliospheric • GOLD (Global-scale Observations • AIM (Aeronomy of Ice in Observatory) • GOLD (Global-scale Observations the Mesosphere) • STEREO (Solar —and the changing environmental of the Limb and Disk) the Mesosphere) • STEREO (Solar • CAPS (Cassini Plasma Terrestrial Relations conditions throughout the coupled • ICON (Ionospheric Connection Spectrometer) Observatory) Explorer) heliosphere (solar system weather). Explorer) • CINDI (Coupled Ion Neutral • THEMIS (Time • MMS (Magnetospheric Dynamic Investigation), History of Events Multiscale) VEFI (Vector Electric Field and Macroscale Scientists at GSFC have developed Instrument)Instrument) onon C/NOFSC/NOFS InteractionsInteractions duringduring models, spacecraft missions, and • Solar Orbiter (Communications/Navigation(Communications/Navigation Substorms) • Solar Probe Plus Outage Forecasting System) • TIMED instruments in collaboration with • Cluster (Thermosphere(Thermosphere • Geotail IonosphereIonosphere engineers at GSFC, as well as sys­ • Hinode (formerly Mesosphere Solar-B)(with JAXA) Energetics and tems to manage and disseminate • IBEX (Interstellar Boundary Dynamics) Explorer) • TWINS (Two Wide- heliophysical data. They interpret • IRIS (Interface Region Angle Imaging ImagingImaging Spectrograph)Spectrograph) Neutral-Atom and evaluate data gathered from • MESSENGER (MErcury Spectrometers) instruments, draw comparisons Surface, Space ENvironment, • Ulysses Geochemistry and Ranging) • Van Allen Probes with computer simulations and • RHESSI (Reuven Ramaty (formerly(formerly RBSPRBSP -- High Energy Solar Radiation Belt theoretical models, and publish the Spectroscopic Imager) Storm Probes) • SDO (Solar Dynamics • Voyager results. GSFC also conducts educa­ *Joint Agency Satellite Observatory) • Wind tion and public outreach programs NASA Strategic Objective 1.4: Understand the Sun and its inter­ to communicate the excitement actions with Earth and the solar system, including space weather. and social value of NASA’s helio­ physics program. PORTFOLIO

SOLAR PHYSICS

HELIOSPHERIC PHYSICS

GEOSPACE PHYSICS

SPACE WEATHER

26 OBSERVING AND LIVING WITH accomplishments OUR STAR

1.5 Terabytes of data per day sent from Solar Dynamics Observatory Delivered largest and most capable MAKING HEADLINES plasma instrument complement in history for MMS mission STEREO Maps Much Larger Launched and operating FIREFLY, Publications Solar Atmosphere Than GSFC’s first CubeSat mission Previously Observed Won numerous research Scientists have found that the Sun’s Publications in scientific proposals and two sounding 180 atmosphere, the corona, is larger than rocket investigations journals thought, extending out some 5 million miles from the solar surface. More than 130 primary news — Jun 25, 2014, NASA.gov articles and interviews, including The NYTimes; Washington Post; LA Times; ABC, CBS, and NBC IRIS Solar Observatory news; and Morning with Al Roker After One Year in Space AWARDS NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, which observes the low • Fleming Medal of the American level of the Sun’s atmosphere, marked Geophysical Union AGU), (the its first year in space on June 27, 2014. — Jun 27, 2014, NASA.gov highest award from the largest international body in space science) • Appleton Prize of the International Researchers Use NASA and Union of Radio Science (highest-level Other Data To Look Into recognition) the Heart of a Solar Storm • AGU’s Science for Solutions Award An incredibly strong solar storm (recognizing societal relevance) triggering six-hour auroras barely • AGU’s Basu U.S. Early Career Award for affected the Earth’s magnetic field. Research Excellence — Aug 28, 2014, NASA.gov • International Marcel Nicolet Medal for Space Weather and Space Climate NASA’s MMS Observatories Stacked For Testing All four stacked Magnetospheric Multiscale, or MMS, spacecraft with solar arrays are ready to move to the vibration chamber at NASA’s GSFC, where they will undergo environmental tests. — April 18, 2014, NASA.gov HIGHLIGHTS

27 ASTROPHYSICS HELIOPHYSICS PLANETARY EARTH SCIENCE SPACE SUBORBITAL MANAGEMENT SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS PROGRAMS & & OPERATIONS & NAVIGATION RANGE SERVICES

Budget Budget $358.5M GSFC Budget GSFC Budget 7% GSFC Percentage 7% 1 GSFC Percentage 1 FACILITY FACILITY Greenbelt Greenbelt

Planetary Science 7% Planetary Science With 50 years of experience in 88LABORATORIES/OFFICES LABORATORIES/OFFICES designing and building instruments 93% Remaining GSFC for planetary exploration, Goddard 93% Remaining GSFC STAFF 350 STAFF 350Civil Service, Contract, Other is the leader in the field. Our 100+ Civil Service, Contract, Other instruments have studied every planet, from Mercury to the edge of our solar system and beyond OPERATIONAL MISSIONS MISSIONS IN DEVELOPMENT OPERATIONAL MISSIONS being visited by NASA’s Voyager • OSIRIS-REx (Origins Spectral • LRO (Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter) • OSIRIS-RExInterpretation (Origins Resource Spectral Identification •• MAVENLRO (Lunar (Mars Reconnaissance Atmosphere and Orbiter) Volatile EvolutioN) spacecraft. In this past year, the InterpretationSecurity Regolith Resource Explorer) Identification • MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN) Security Regolith Explorer) Curiosity rover made headlines INSTRUMENTS IN DEVELOPMENT OPERATIONAL INSTRUMENTS •INSTRUMENTS LVIS (Land, Vegetation, IN DEVELOPMENT and Ice •OPERATIONAL LEISA (Linear Etalon INSTRUMENTS Imaging Spectral Array) for when the onboard Sample Analysis • LVISSensor) (Land, conversion Vegetation, to NASA and Ice • NewLEISA Horizons (Linear Etalon Imaging Spectral Array) for Sensor)facility instrument conversion to NASA • LOLANew Horizons(Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter) for LRO at Mars (SAM) instrument gathered facility instrument • Magnetometer for DSCOVR •• MagnetometersLOLA (Lunar Orbiter for Juno Laser Altimeter) for LRO evidence that Mars is active, and • Magnetometer(Deep Space Climate for DSCOVR •• MagnetometersMagnetometers forfor VanJuno Allen Probes (DeepObservatory)* Space Climate •• MagnetometersMagnetometers forfor VoyagerVan Allen Probes Observatory)* it definitively detected organic • Magnetometers for Solar Probe •• MLAMagnetometers (Mercury Laser for VoyagerAltimeter) for MESSENGER: • MagnetometersPlus for Solar Probe •• Next-generationMLA (Mercury Laser Satellite Altimeter) Laser Rangingfor MESSENGER: chemicals on the planet for the Plus • Mass spectrometer for MOMA •• NGIMSNext-generation (Neutral Gas Satellite and Ion Laser Mass Ranging Spectrometer) first time. Developed by Goddard, • Mass(Mars spectrometer Organic Molecule for MOMA Analyzer) • andNGIMS magnetometer (Neutral Gas for and MAVEN Ion Mass Spectrometer) (Marson ExoMars Organic Molecule Analyzer) • NMSand magnetometer (Neutral Mass Spectrometer)for MAVEN for Lunar on ExoMars SAM packages an entire chemistry • OVIRS (OSIRIS-REx Visible and • AtmosphereNMS (Neutral and Mass Dust Spectrometer) Environment Explorer for Lunar (LADEE): lab into a box the size of a micro­ • OVIRSInfrared (OSIRIS-REx Spectrometer) Visible and • PrecisionAtmosphere orbit and determination Dust Environment for GRACE Explorer (Gravity (LADEE): Infrared Spectrometer) • RecoveryPrecision andorbit Climate determination Experiment) for GRACE (Gravity wave. In addition, NASA’s newest • SAMRecovery (Sample and Analysis Climate atExperiment) Mars) instrument suite on • CuriositySAM (Sample rover Analysis at Mars) instrument suite on Mars orbiter, known as MAVEN, • TIRSCuriosity (Thermal rover Infrared Sensor) for Landsat 8 is managed by Goddard and car­ *Joint Agency Satellite •• VeryTIRS Long(Thermal Baseline Infrared Interferometry Sensor) for Landsat 8 *Joint Agency Satellite • Very Long Baseline Interferometry ries two of our instruments. Just NASA Strategic Objective 1.5: Ascertain the content, origin, and after entering orbit, the spacecraft evolution of the solar system and the potential for life elsewhere. took samples from comet Siding PORTFOLIO Spring’s dust trail and helped study the effects of the comet’s close MASS SPECTROMETRY flyby on the atmosphere of Mars. Sampling on the Spot Back on Earth, we celebrated the INFRARED SPECTROMETRY 50th anniversary of satellite laser- Remote Sensing ranging, a technique for tracking spacecraft developed at Goddard, MAGNETOMETRY which serves as the foundation for The Influence of Planets detailed mapping of Earth, the Moon, and other planets. Looking LASER AND LIDAR forward, the OSIRIS-REx mission, Precision Measurements under our leadership, will take a sample from an asteroid and ASTROBIOLOGY return it to Earth to advance our Origins of Life understanding of the origins of the solar system. SPACE GEODESY Next-Generation Mapping

28 EXPLORING OTHER FAST FACT WORLDS

First successful laser ranging to a satellite 50 years ago. Then, in 2014, MAKING HEADLINES demonstrated laser communications from Construction to Begin on the Moon to Earth. DID YOU KNOW? NASA Spacecraft for 2018 Asteroid Visit Goddard has studied — Apr 10, 2014, NASA.gov every planet in the solar system in its 50 Goddard Instrument Makes years of designing and First Detection of Organic building instruments. Matter on Mars — Dec 19, 2014, NASA.gov

Hubble Shows Jupiter’s Great Red Spot is Smaller than Ever Measured Publications — May 15, 2014, NASA.gov NASA’s Newest Mars Published 172 papers in 2014 Mission Enters Orbit Won 33 research grants, — Sep 21, 2014, NASA.gov including 2 NASA Science Institutes: the Goddard Center Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Finds Widespread for Astrobiology; and DREAM2, Evidence of Young Lunar Dynamic Response of the Volcanism Environments at Asteroids, the — Oct 12, 2014, NASA.gov Moon, and moons of Mars. Laser Demonstration Reveals Bright Future for Space Communication — Dec 23, 2013, NASA.gov

Mars Spacecraft Reveal Comet Flyby Effects on Martian Atmosphere — Nov 7, 2014, NASA.gov HIGHLIGHTS

29 ASTROPHYSICS HELIOPHYSICS PLANETARY EARTH SCIENCE SPACE SUBORBITAL MANAGEMENT SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS PROGRAMS & & OPERATIONS & NAVIGATION RANGE SERVICES

Budget $222.6M Budget $222.6M GSFC Budget 5% GSFC GSFCPercentage Budget 5% 3 GSFC Percentage 3FACILITIES FACILITIES Greenbelt WFF WSC Greenbelt WFF WSC Space Communications 5% andSpace Navigation Communications and Navigation 3 5% 3LABORATORIES/OFFICES LABORATORIES/OFFICES

The year started with the spec­ 95% Remaining GSFC 95% Remaining GSFC tacular night launch of the TDRS-L mission followed by successful on-orbit checkout and transition to operations. TDRS-M, the third and final spacecraft in the series, com­ MISSIONS IN DEVELOPMENT OPERATIONAL MISSIONS pleted thermal vacuum testing and OPERATIONAL MISSIONS • LCRD (LaserMISSIONS Communications IN DEVELOPMENT • LLCD (Lunar Laser Communications is being prepped for storage and • RelayLCRD Demonstration) (Laser Communications Demonstration)• LLCD (Lunar Laser Communications launch in 2017, all while continuing • TDRS-MRelay Demonstration) (Tracking and Data Relay • TDRS-C-LDemonstration) (Tracking Data Relay Satellite) • Satellite)TDRS-M (Tracking and Data Relay • TDRS-C-L (Tracking Data Relay Satellite) to exceed performance targets for Satellite) cost and schedule. From a technol­ NASA Strategic Objective 1.1: Expand human presence into ogy viewpoint, it was a banner year the solar system and to the surface of Mars to advance exploration, science, innovation, benefits to humanity, and International collaboration. with LLCD completing its mission in April and LCRD in detailed de­ NASA Strategic Objective 1.2: Conduct research on the International Space Station (ISS) to enable future space sign, leveraging their new optical exploration, facilitate a commercial space economy, and communications laboratory. LLCD advance the fundamental biological and physical sciences was recognized as a Collier Trophy for the benefit of humanity. Nominee and the National Space NASA Strategic Objective 3.2: Ensure the availability and Club Nelson P. Jackson Award. continued advancement of strategic, technical, and programmatic capabilities to sustain NASA’s mission. R&D Magazine recognized LLCD as one of the Top 100 Innovations for 2014 as well as one of just three PORTFOLIO Editors’ Choice Awards. The LLCD demonstration at broadband data SATELLITE TELECOMMUNICATIONS rates from the Moon captured the

interest of the country with exten­ SN: Three operational ground terminals with a fourth in development at Blossom Point, MD, to sive coverage in technical publica­ support a fleet of 12 TDRS spacecraft. NEN: A global network of 15 ground terminal locations tions, social media, prime time/late with 50% of services by commercial providers. night TV, Bill Nye the Science Guy, and Google. GSFC is working to LASER COMMUNICATIONS apply this technology to future ex­ Engineering lead and operations coordinator for ploration missions. Meanwhile, the three optical stations. highly successful first exploration test flight (EFT-1), was supported SEARCH AND RESCUE by the Space Network (SN) with Architecture and engineering support for 57 Inter­ flawless communications. Back on national GEO/LEO Local User Terminals. the ground, the Near Earth Net­ work (NEN) expanded their service SATELLITE LASER RANGING capabilities with a new high-rate ground station in Alaska delivered SLR: Coordinating operations and maintenance for 9 worldwide SLR stations. ILRS: A global three months ahead of schedule. network of over 50 ground stations.

30 BRINGING KNOWLEDGE Search and BACK TO Earth Rescue 240 MAKING HEADLINES Lives saved in FEATURE the United States NASA’s Newest Near in 2014 Earth Network Antenna Is • 100% successful SN Operational communications support — Jul 10, 2014, NASA.gov for EFT-1 • New AS-3 antenna in Alaska brought online 3 months early LLCD Nominated For NAA’S 2013 Robert J. • NEN consistently above 99.1% Collier Trophy • TDRS Project under cost and — Feb 3, 2014, NASA.gov ahead of schedule Laser Communications Mission Targets 2017 FAST FACTS Launch NASA’s next laser communications NASA’s Mission Network provides mission, Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD), recently passed reliable and secure voice, video, a preliminary design review, another and data services to support major milestone leading up to its development, launch, and launch, scheduled for 2017. spacecraft operations. Critical — Dec 3, 2013, NASA.gov applications include: Telemetry, Commands, NASA Launches Acquisition, Tracking, Third Generation and Raw Science Data Communications Satellite — Jan 23, 2014, NASA.gov

Goddard Monitors Orion EFT-1 Test Flight — Dec 12, 2014, NASA.gov HIGHLIGHTS

31 ASTROPHYSICS HELIOPHYSICS PLANETARY EARTH SCIENCE SPACE SUBORBITAL MANAGEMENT SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS PROGRAMS & & OPERATIONS & NAVIGATION RANGE SERVICES

Budget $131.4M$131.4M GSFC Budget GSFC Budget 3% GSFCGSFC Percentage 3% 2 2 FACILITIES FACILITIES WFFWFF WSCWSC

SuborbitalSuborbital Programs Programs 3%3% andand Range Range Services Services 6 6 NASA AIRCRAFT NASA AIRCRAFT During FY 2014, our Wallops pro­ 97%97% RemainingRemaining GSFC GSFC grams and teams performed at an 1,000+STAFFSTAFF 1,000+ Civil Service, Contract, Other exceptional pace, supporting sci­ Civil Service, Contract, Other ence and technology across the full spectrum of NASA’s strategic goals. The Sounding Rocket Program included astrophysics, heliophys­ MISSIONS ININ DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT OPERATIONALOPERATIONAL MISSIONS MISSIONS ics science, as well as technology • LDSD (Low-Density SupersonicSupersonic •• ARISE ARISE (Arctic (Arctic Radiation Radiation IceBridge IceBridge Sea Sea and and Ice Ice demonstration missions. The team Decelerator) Experiment)Experiment) •• CREAM CREAM (Cosmic-Ray (Cosmic-Ray Energetics Energetics and and Mass) Mass) (ISS) (ISS) played a key role in LDSD, culminat­ ing in the highly successful launch NASA Strategic Objective 1.7: Transform NASA missions and and near-space test flight of the advance the Nation’s capabilities by maturing crosscutting and LDSD Test Vehicle. innovative space technologies.

The Wallops team flew a record NASA Strategic Objective 1.1: Expand human presence into the solar number of aircraft hours during FY system and to the surface of Mars to advance exploration, science, innovation, benefits to humanity, and International collaboration. 2014 in support of Earth Science. Special projects, such as CubeSats NASA Strategic Objective 2.1: Enable a revolutionary transformation and small ISS payloads, were an in­ for safe and sustainable U.S. and global aviation by advancing creasing focus. Wallops was named aeronautics research. to lead Goddard’s Smallsat/Cube­ NASA Strategic Objective 3.4: Ensure effective management Sat activities and was selected as of NASA programs and operations to complete the mission one of only six national, unmanned safely and successfully. aircraft systems test sites as part of the Mid-Atlantic Aviation Part­ nership (MAAP). A new long-term PORTFOLIO agreement was established with U.S. Naval Fleet Forces Command for Fleet Carrier Landing Practice. SOUNDING ROCKETS In all, the Wallops team continued to provide great science returns that help NASA and the United States continue as a leader in sci­ BALLOONS entific discovery, while also matur­ ing technologies for the Nation’s space missions, inspiring students, AIRCRAFT and training young scientists and engineers. RANGE/MISSION MANAGEMENT

32 ENABLING SCIENCE AND EXPLORATION Balloon Missions MAKING HEADLINES Arctic AND Antarctic missions LDSD Testing for Large FAST FACTS Payloads to Mars 7 Balloon launches Next week the launch window opens on full-scale, stratospheric tests of the 12 Sounding-rocket launches saucer-shaped Supersonic Inflatable 118 Student Aerodynamic Decelerator, or SIAD, participants vehicle. Aircraft hours in 2042 — May 30, 2014, NASA.gov support of Earth Science Sounding Rocket to Peek at Atmosphere of Venus 6 Orbital launches of “VeSpR” will study Venus’ atmosphere expendable launch vehicles in UV light to learn about the history of (In past 3 years) the planet’s water. — Nov 27, 2013, NASA.gov Operation IceBridge Begins New Arctic Campaign Researchers aboard NASA’s P-3 Developments research aircraft left Wallops in March for Greenland. — May 28, 2014, NASA.gov Major support of LDSD included the development of the Test New Science, NASA Cargo Vehicle internal electronic Launches to Space Station instrumentation and control Aboard Orbital-1 Mission systems, the development of a Another NASA commercial space novel balloon launch system, partner officially began contracted operations range management cargo flights to the International Space Station. and safety, and successful — Jan 9, 2014, NASA.gov balloon launch operations. Wallops Awarded Environmental Recognition For the fourth consecutive year, NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility has been awarded the highest environmental recognition within the Commonwealth of Virginia. — Apr 30, 2014, NASA.gov HIGHLIGHTS

33 THIS IS WHY IT MATTERS

OUR Possibility

34 A Place for SERVICE

Our talented people, driven by passion toward a common and worthy purpose, have made possible countless improvements to our knowledge and way of life. We safeguard the long- term public trust by cultivating our workforce, ensuring a safe and sustainable workplace, ef­ fectively meeting our mission commitments, and applying our scientific breakthroughs to stimu­ late economic growth, foster education, inspire the Nation, and impact the world. All of this is accomplished through a broad spectrum of institutional support efforts, including:

• Legal It is difficult to say what is • Procurement • Information technology impossible, for the dream of • Financial management • Human capital management yesterday is the hope of today • Equal opportunity programs and the reality of tomorrow. • Diversity and inclusion • Conflict management (alter­ – Robert H. Goddard native dispute resolution, anti-harassment) • Protective services • Environmental and medical management • Facilities management and transportation • Logistics • Knowledge and information management • Government and community relations • Proposal development • Education and public outreach • Public communication

35 EDUCATION PUBLIC INVOLVING APPYLING OUR PEOPLE BUDGET ECONOMIC IMPACT IN MEMORIAM COMMUNICATION COMMUNITIES TECHNOLOGIES

well as local, state, and regional of partner institutions in order to community programs. increase the participation of minori­ ties and underrepresented commu­ • Goddard’s education, engineer­ nities in NASA-related STEM. ing, and science organizations We are driven by NASA’s education conducted professional devel­ • Supported by NASA’s Minority vision: “To advance high quality opment for STEM standards of University Research and Educa­ Science, Technology, Engineering, practice for over 3,500 educators tion Program (MUREP), God­ and Mathematics (STEM) education using content from LRO, GPM, dard established a Maryland using NASA’s unique capabilities.” and cryospheric science. Historically Black Colleges and As a result, Goddard education is Universities (HBCU) Pre-Service grounded in the work of NASA’s • Goddard has partnered with Education Network. In collabora­ missions, projects, engineering, Pennsylvania, annually, to share tion with Bowie, Coppin, Morgan and IT services, as we provide ex­ content on missions like LRO, State, and University of Maryland ceptional opportunities to learners, GPM, JWST, ICESat, and MMS Eastern Shore, 26 pre-service educators, and institutions across with several hundred educa­ students and 12 STEM and an 11-state service region and tors, with training at the center education faculty participated in nationwide through four lines of and follow-up distance-learning NASA-related STEM workshops. business. The following represent throughout the year. a few notable highlights from 2014. • Goddard is working with New STEM Engagement opportunities Jersey school board members increase awareness, involvement, NASA Internships, Fellowships, regarding NASA-related STEM and interest of learners of all ages and Scholarships invest in NASA’s in the state and local curriculum. by connecting them to NASA workforce of tomorrow through -unique resources through public competitive awards and financial Institutional Engagement builds events, experiential learning op­ assistance that enable real-world the academic and research capacity portunities and NASA challenges. learning opportunities for students pursuing STEM careers today.

• During FY 2014, nearly 500 high school through doctoral- level interns and fellows worked alongside Goddard scientists, engineers and technologists at Greenbelt, GISS, IV&V, and WFF. • The New York City Research Initiative allowed teams of high school students, undergradu­ ates, and educators to support graduate students and lead sci­ entists of NASA-funded research projects at GISS and universities within a 50-mile radius of New York City. Educator Professional Develop- ment programs train educators to nurture NASA’s STEM stu­ dents through in-person institutes, partner-delivered workshops, online- and distance-learning, as

36 EDUCATION PUBLIC INVOLVING APPYLING OUR PEOPLE BUDGET ECONOMIC IMPACT IN MEMORIAM COMMUNICATION COMMUNITIES TECHNOLOGIES

• The NASA Afterschool Universe • International Observe the Moon curriculum for middle-school Night is an annual public event students was highlighted in a led by the LRO Education Team in November 2014 White House partnership with the NASA Solar report, “Women and Girls of System Exploration Research Color: Addressing Challenges Virtual Institute, the Lunar and and Expanding Opportunity”. Planetary Institute, and Planetary On Earth Day, NASA asked people • The Virginia Space Coast Scholars Science Institute. Overall, more all around the world a simple ques­ hosted over 260 Virginia high than 55,000 people participated tion, “Where are you on Earth right school sophomores in a four- in 465 events held in 53 countries. now?” We asked people to answer month, online-learning engage­ • Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission the question on social media using ment, with 90 students selected Pre-launch Education Activities a selfie. The goal was to use each for week-long academies at WFF partnered with the IV&V Educator picture as a pixel in the creation of during the summer. Resource Center and West Virginia a “Global Selfie”—a mosaic image • Goddard’s Summer of Innovation University in a competition for stu­ designed to look like Earth as seen delivered learning opportunities dents from middle school through from space on Earth Day. to over 3,500 middle school stu­ college to build a LEGO model of dents and educators in the DC the spacecraft. and mid-Atlantic areas, and Puer­ The image was built using 36,422 to Rico. Working in partnership • GORM Mission Rain EnGAUGE individual photos that were post­ with 22 youth organizations, the Program involved students at ed on social media and tagged program conducted 40 camps over 50 schools in an engineer­ #globalselfie on or around April on topics like physics, robotics, ing challenge to build and test 22, 2014. People on every conti­ a rain gauge, and collect rainfall electricity and magnetism, and nent—113 countries and regions in rockets. Some camps reached observations as part of a GPM all—posted selfies. The image was over 90% minority enrollment. validation campaign. assembled after weeks of curat­ ing more than 50,000 submissions (not all were accessible or usable) from Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, Google+, and Flickr.

The result was a zoomable 3.2-gigapixel image that people can explore to take a closer look at the variety of pictures: www. gigapan.com/gigapans/155294.

The mosaic is based on views of each hemisphere that were captured on Earth Day 2014 by the Visible Infrared Imaging Ra­ diometer Suite instrument on the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite, a joint NOAA–NASA mission. The diago­ nal stripes in the images are due to the satellite capturing the reflection of sunlight off ocean waters.

37 Goddard’s strength is anchored in a number of years. Goddard has Current our proven capabilities, one-of-a- a diverse and inclusive workforce kind facilities, and our dedicated that inspires creativity, collabora­ workforce. Goddard employs tion, and innovation. At our core, more than three thousand civil we embrace inclusion that opens state of the servants, over six thousand onsite a broader view and seeks diver­ contractors, and thousands of sity of thought and perspective. others (including off-site con­ We honor individuality, equality, workforce tractors, interns, and Emeritus) and human dignity. We are com­ working in various technical and mitted to creating an environ­ professional administrative posi­ ment that empowers us to be 2014 tions. The overall number and ourselves, contribute through our ratio of civil servants and contrac­ own experiences, thrive, and do tors has been relatively stable for our best work.

GODDARD CIVIL SERVANTS GODDARD CIVIL SERVANTS by Age Group by Gender 38% Female 62% Male 29 & Under 6% 30-39 17% 40-49 24%

50-59 38% GODDARD CIVIL SERVANTS by Duty Location 60-69 12% Goddard Greenbelt Campus 70 & Over 2% 88.3%

GODDARD CIVIL SERVANTS by Skill Mix Wallops Flight 64% Scientists and Engineers Facility 8.6%

3% Technicians 3% Clerical Independent Verification and Validation 30% Professional Administrative 1.3%

GODDARD CIVIL SERVANTS by Ethnicity Goddard Institute 16.7% African American for Space Studies 0.9% 8.1% Asian 0.1% Hawaiian Pacific Islander

5.3% Hispanic White Sands 0.7% Multi-Racial Complex 0.3% Native American 0.9%

68.8% Non-Minority

38 NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center BEST PLACES Index Score: 78.2 Best Places to Work ranking #6 of 315 (from 13/300 last year) Parent Agency: National Aeronautics and Space Administration TO WORK in (Index Score: 71.6) Rank #1 (3rd year in a row) Mission: To develop and operate unmanned scientific spacecraft and manage many of NASA’s Earth the Federal observation, astronomy, and space physics missions. # Agency Component 2014 2013 Change 1 Office of the General Counsel, FERC 88.8 80.9 7.90 Government 2 Patent and Trademark Office (PTO), Commerce 85.6 84.4 1.20 Environment and Natural Resources Division 3 (ENRD), DOJ 83.6 76.6 7.00 4 Stennis Space Center (SSC), NASA 83.2 84.3 -1.10 2014 5 U.S. Army Audit Agency, Army 81.3 82.9 -1.60 Goddard Space Flight Center 6 (GSFC), NASA 78.2 76.1 2.10 7 Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), NASA 78.0 77.0 1.00 Detailed Scores Change 2014 from 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2007 2005 2003 Rank 2013 Index Score 7 of 314 2.10 78.2 76.1 76.4 77.1 79.5 74.5 67.1 73.9 74.6

Change 2014 Scores by Category from 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2007 2005 2003 Rank 2013 Effective Leadership 7 of 314 1.00 71.3 70.3 69.8 69.8 70.0 65.6 63.2 64.6 63.3 Effective Leadership: Empowerment 3 of 314 3.20 67.8 64.6 66.0 65.6 66.0 60.9 58.7 60.4 63.8 Effective Leadership: Fairness 9 of 314 0.20 69.7 69.5 68.5 68.3 67.5 60.7 58.2 58.5 59.3 Effective Leadership: Senior Leaders 10 of 314 -0.60 65.8 66.4 65.6 65.3 65.1 60.0 57.2 57.5 57.6

Effective Leadership: 6 of 314 2.00 79.4 77.4 76.5 77.2 78.2 76.0 73.9 76.9 70.8 Supervisors Employee Skills–Mission Match 6 of 314 -0.20 84.0 84.2 85.0 84.9 84.7 83.5 79.3 80.5 83.0 Pay 76 of 314 4.70 63.9 59.2 64.7 70.0 74.7 70.1 68.1 - - Strategic Management 15 of 314 -0.50 66.2 66.7 67.2 66.5 65.1 63.2 58.6 62.0 63.2 Teamwork 6 of 314 0.00 79.5 79.5 78.8 77.0 77.4 81.6 74.8 79.6 75.0 Innovation 3 of 314 0.10 78.6 78.5 79.5 78.3 78.8 - - - - Training and Development 12 of 314 0.80 73.9 73.1 74.1 74.7 75.5 74.3 67.8 72.5 69.4 Work-Life Balance 38 of 314 2.20 68.8 66.6 68.4 66.1 67.7 69.2 64.3 67.8 71.6 Support for Diversity 2 of 314 0.90 76.1 75.2 75.4 76.4 77.2 73.9 71.7 76.5 73.3 Performance-Based Rewards & Advancement 7 of 314 0.30 62.0 61.7 63.5 62.5 64.2 62.9 59.7 60.9 57.6 http://bestplacestowork.org, http://ohcm.gsfc.nasa.gov/

39 EDUCATION PUBLIC INVOLVING APPYLING OUR PEOPLE BUDGET ECONOMIC IMPACT IN MEMORIAM COMMUNICATION COMMUNITIES TECHNOLOGIES

GSFC Program Year 2014 BUDGET Categorized by Lines of Business (as of 9/30/14) Chart is in $Ms

26% Reimbursable 2% Reimbursable (Earth Science), (Other), $117.9 $1,256.1 7% Heliophysics, $316.7

2% Human Exploration 17% Earth & Operations, $83.6 Science, $805.7 10% Management & 2% Cross Cutting Operations, $507.6 Technologies & Capabilities, $83.1 7% Planetary & 5% Communication & Lunar Science, $358.5 Navigation, $222.6 3% Suborbital & Range 19% Astrophysics, $932.4 Services, $131.4

GSFC PY 2014 BUDGET Categorized by Mission Directorate (as of 9/30/14) Chart is in $Ms 9% Construction and 54% Science Mission Environmental Com- Directorate (SCMD), pliance & Restoration $2,544.7 (CECR), $18.9 6.4% Space Operations Mission Directorate (SOMD), $299.3 9% Cross-Agency Support Program (CASP), $424.2 0.2% Working Capital 1.8% Space Technology 40 Fund (WCF), $10.0 Mission Directorate (STMD), $82.9 .01% Aeronautics 0.15% Exploration Systems Research Mission Mission Directorate Directorate (ARMD), $0.1 (ESMD), $7.0

27% Reimbursable (Earth Science), $1,256.1 EDUCATION PUBLIC INVOLVING APPYLING OUR PEOPLE BUDGET ECONOMIC IMPACT IN MEMORIAM COMMUNICATION COMMUNITIES TECHNOLOGIES

Goddard’s success in enabling ability to stimulate and strengthen and spinoff activities. NASA missions and applying these economic activity by: • Broadening small business op­ scientific achievements to society • Expending goods and services to portunities through its robust is evident. Each of Goddard’s five perform its mission. contracting program. locations supports the center’s • Generating technology transfer

GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER Greenbelt, MD

Goddard Budget Direct: ...... $3.4 B Reimbursable: ...... $1.4 B Annapolis Total: ...... $4.8 B FY14 Funds Received against unexpired funds *FPDS-NG data excludes Interagency Acquisitions, bankcards, purchase orders and outside procurement transactions under the micro purchase threshold.

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS FY14 OBLIGATIONS Maryland 1. Harris $234,739 2. Ruppersberger $4,614,739 Obligations by 3. Sarbanes $1,389,570 Maryland County WALLOPS Anne Arundel $8,183,632 4. Edwards $21,248,505 FLIGHT Baltimore $1,838,911 FACILITY 5. Hoyer $1,250,783,166 Baltimore City $112,619,182 Wallops Island, VA Calvert $25,550 6. Delaney $921,165 Carroll $102,475 7. Cummings $114,613,672 Charles $2,894 Frederick $83,106 8. Van Hollen $6,066.542 Harford $92,111 Howard $1,604,810 Virginia Montgomery $6,978,566 2. Rigell (VA) $107,962,760 Prince Georges $1,268,322,172 Washington $19,401 ALL DISTRICTS $1,558,571,052 Goddard invests over 80 cents of every Total $1,399,872,811 dollar it receives in American businesses, academia, and nonprofit organizations. Goddard’s Top Contractors

1. LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION $497.4 M 9. BALL AEROSPACE AND TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION $98.9 M 2. RAYTHEON COMPANY $402.4 M 10. HONEYWELL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS INC. $88.4 M 3. NORTHROP GRUMMAN SPACE AND 11. GENERAL DYNAMICS C4 SYSTEMS, INC. $80.6 M MISSION SYSTEMS CORPORATION $401.1 M 12. ASRC RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS, LLC $62.4 M 4. EXELIS INC. $280.1 M 13. LJT & ASSOCIATES INC. $57.6 M 5. SGT, INC. $228.8 M 14. COLUMBUS TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICES, INC. $52.2 M 6. AS AND D, INC. $149.1 M 15. TRAX INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION $51.2 M 7. ORBITAL SCIENCES CORPORATION $122.0 M All numbers are based on NPDV and FPDS obligation data for FY14 as of 3/26/15. 8. ASSOC UNIV RESEARCH ASTRONOMY $111.8 M Not based total contract value.

41 OUR PATH

NOVEMBER 2011 Global Precipitation Goddard’s Measurement Sample CGRO (’91), Swift Ice, Cloud, and Land Solar Dynamics Mars Atmosphere & FEBRUARY 2014 NIMBUS 7 TDRS-A (’83) — (’04), Fermi (’08) Elevation Satellite Observatory Analysis at Volatile EvolutioN TDRS-L (’14) Mars suite of GPM Core Observatory, Terra (’99),Aqua (’02), ICESat (’03), Aura (’04) John Mather FEBRUARY instruments Goddard’s largest-ever OCTOBER 1978 1983–PRESENT Hubble Space APRIL 1991 JANUARY 2003 launched as NOVEMBER 2013 satellite, launched as a High Energy Astro- Nimbus 7 launched Telescope ICESat launched MAVEN probe nomy Observatory Tracking and Data Relay Considered one of 2010 part of the joint international mission Goddard Dedication Television Infrared SMS-1 (’74), SMS-2 with Goddard’s Satellites (TDRS) deployed. Space 1999–PRESENT High Energy Solar to study ice SDO launched Mars Science launched to study Ceremony (1961) Goddard’s Early Com- Observation Satellites (’75), GOES-1-R NASA’s “Great Spectroscopic Imager OCTOBER 2006 to continually observe munications Networks Telstar I TOMS which communications networks expand 1990– NASA's surface variations Goddard astrophysicist to investigate Laboratory’s the Martian (’75-Present) AUGUST 1977 discovered ozone Observatories,” the atmosphere from Earth’s precipitation. Landsat Earth- HEAO program to global coverage. Earth Observing System, in Greenland and John C. Mather won solar variability Curiosity rover. MAY 1959 1960–PRESENT Observing Satellites hole and long-term PRESENT Compton Gamma-Ray Terra, launched to begin FEBRUARY 2002 Mars orbit. Goddard 1959–1975 TIROS-1 (’60) was the began surveying Hubble Part of the Small Antarctica, the Nobel Prize and its effects Communications for 1975–PRESENT damage to the Observatory launch an international program in Physics. on space. designated as JULY 1962 1972–PRESENT GOES formed the the X-ray sky. ozone layer. launched to Explorers series important to Telstar l launched, look back to the began the era of to monitor climate and manned missions weather satellites Landsat began basis of U.S. weather OCTOBER 1981 high-energy environmental change. (’92-present), climate research. 40+ years of monitoring and beginning of SEPTEMBER JANUARY (Mercury, Gemini, Goddard has provided Wallops Flight APRIL 1984 astrophysics HESSI launched to satellite telephone documenting forecasting for 40+ Facility First-ever time and probe and Apollo). through its history. the outer missions. 2013 2014 and television the surface of years, after the launch of FEBRUARY became part in-orbit satellite LADEE, the Wallops AUGUST planet Earth. two Synchronous reaches of the JULY 2000 It was renamed OCTOBER 1958 signals. of Goddard. repair mission, Cosmic Background Goddard OCTOBER began Meteorological Satellites 1978 for SMM. Explorer universe. With RHESSI, in honor NASA began 1959 Goddard- DECEMBER 1995 assumed 2006 launch from commercial FEBRUARY 1961 “One Small Step...” (SMS). Joint NASA/ESA of a late NASA AUGUST 2004 operation after Explorer VI: Explorer IX: First managed ground FEBRUARY servicing responsibility MESSENGER STEREO Wallops, ISS James Webb NOVEMBER mission. Scientists pioneer. conducted the Space Telescope the signing of First successful orbital mission DECEMBER 1962 JULY 1969 1975–1989 communications 1980 OCTOBER 1984 updates, it for the IV&V launched with launched resupply the National launch of a launched from Relay 1 launched, Apollo 11: Famous stations Earth Radiation 1989 continues to using SOHO Goddard-built to view launches. APRIL 1966 Solar Maximum COBE launched. Facility. the Sun demonstra- Aeronautics Goddard- Wallops. Tracking and Data established at Budget Satellite operate. discovered “rivers” laser altimeter to OCTOBER 2018 White Sands. Mission (SMM) Led to a Nobel in 3-D. Lunar Reconn- tions of laser This successor to Hubble and Space managed TV transmissions Orbiting transmitted from Network began launched to launched. Provided of electrically study planet aissance Orbiter communications Prize telecommuni- and Spitzer is scheduled to Act of 1958. science Astronomical the moon. study the Sun data on the ozone charged plasma Mercury. for low Earth- layer that was key in Physics. cations in launch in 2018. It offers satellite. MAY 1961 in 1963. Observatories in detail. Solar and Helio- orbiting missions, to the Montreal spheric Observatory JUNE 2009 space. unprecedented resolution GISS launched, setting the surface of the LRO launched and sensitivity. the stage for including the Protocol. established. space shuttle. Sun in 1997. to map Hubble. the Moon. 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

NASA’s core values (safety, teamwork, integrity, and excellence) and OUR PLEDGE key priorities are inherent in and embodied by the people who are leading the effort to achieve its mission. At Goddard, we recognize that our workforce is our greatest asset. Together, all facets of the diverse Goddard community are dedicated to the pursuit of the following objectives for the benefit of the agency and the public:

• Conduct NASA’s missions while fully minimizing risk to life, prop­ erty, communities, and the environment. Safety and environmental stewardship are vital to NASA’s continued success.

• Meet our commitments to the agency and its customers by de­ livering high-quality products on time and on schedule. It is our highest priority to uphold the agency’s reputation of scientific distinction and reliability.

• Foster effective collaboration among individuals, teams, and management within the center, across NASA, and externally. God­ dard’s accomplishments result from these successful relationships as well as numerous strategic partnerships.

42 NOVEMBER 2011 Global Precipitation Goddard’s Measurement Sample CGRO (’91), Swift Ice, Cloud, and Land Solar Dynamics Mars Atmosphere & FEBRUARY 2014 NIMBUS 7 TDRS-A (’83) — (’04), Fermi (’08) Elevation Satellite Observatory Analysis at Volatile EvolutioN TDRS-L (’14) Mars suite of GPM Core Observatory, Terra (’99),Aqua (’02), ICESat (’03), Aura (’04) John Mather FEBRUARY instruments Goddard’s largest-ever OCTOBER 1978 1983–PRESENT Hubble Space APRIL 1991 JANUARY 2003 launched as NOVEMBER 2013 satellite, launched as a High Energy Astro- Nimbus 7 launched Telescope ICESat launched MAVEN probe nomy Observatory Tracking and Data Relay Considered one of 2010 part of the joint international mission Goddard Dedication Television Infrared SMS-1 (’74), SMS-2 with Goddard’s Satellites (TDRS) deployed. Space 1999–PRESENT High Energy Solar to study ice SDO launched Mars Science launched to study Ceremony (1961) Goddard’s Early Com- Observation Satellites (’75), GOES-1-R NASA’s “Great Spectroscopic Imager OCTOBER 2006 to continually observe munications Networks Telstar I TOMS which communications networks expand 1990– NASA's surface variations Goddard astrophysicist to investigate Laboratory’s the Martian (’75-Present) AUGUST 1977 discovered ozone Observatories,” the atmosphere from Earth’s precipitation. Landsat Earth- HEAO program to global coverage. Earth Observing System, in Greenland and John C. Mather won solar variability Curiosity rover. MAY 1959 1960–PRESENT Observing Satellites hole and long-term PRESENT Compton Gamma-Ray Terra, launched to begin FEBRUARY 2002 Mars orbit. Goddard 1959–1975 TIROS-1 (’60) was the began surveying Hubble Part of the Small Antarctica, the Nobel Prize and its effects Communications for 1975–PRESENT damage to the Observatory launch an international program in Physics. on space. designated as JULY 1962 1972–PRESENT GOES formed the the X-ray sky. ozone layer. launched to Explorers series important to Telstar l launched, look back to the began the era of to monitor climate and manned missions weather satellites Landsat began basis of U.S. weather OCTOBER 1981 high-energy environmental change. (’92-present), climate research. 40+ years of monitoring and beginning of SEPTEMBER JANUARY (Mercury, Gemini, Goddard has provided Wallops Flight APRIL 1984 astrophysics HESSI launched to satellite telephone documenting forecasting for 40+ Facility First-ever time and probe and Apollo). through its history. the outer missions. 2013 2014 and television the surface of years, after the launch of FEBRUARY became part in-orbit satellite LADEE, the Wallops AUGUST planet Earth. two Synchronous reaches of the JULY 2000 It was renamed OCTOBER 1958 signals. of Goddard. repair mission, Cosmic Background Goddard OCTOBER began Meteorological Satellites 1978 for SMM. Explorer universe. With RHESSI, in honor NASA began 1959 Goddard- DECEMBER 1995 assumed 2006 launch from commercial FEBRUARY 1961 “One Small Step...” (SMS). Joint NASA/ESA of a late NASA AUGUST 2004 operation after Explorer VI: Explorer IX: First managed ground FEBRUARY servicing responsibility MESSENGER STEREO Wallops, ISS James Webb NOVEMBER mission. Scientists pioneer. conducted the Space Telescope the signing of First successful orbital mission DECEMBER 1962 JULY 1969 1975–1989 communications 1980 OCTOBER 1984 updates, it for the IV&V launched with launched resupply the National launch of a launched from Relay 1 launched, Apollo 11: Famous stations Earth Radiation 1989 continues to using SOHO Goddard-built to view launches. APRIL 1966 Solar Maximum COBE launched. Facility. the Sun demonstra- Aeronautics Goddard- Wallops. Tracking and Data established at Budget Satellite operate. discovered “rivers” laser altimeter to OCTOBER 2018 White Sands. Mission (SMM) Led to a Nobel in 3-D. Lunar Reconn- tions of laser This successor to Hubble and Space managed TV transmissions Orbiting transmitted from Network began launched to launched. Provided of electrically study planet aissance Orbiter communications Prize telecommuni- and Spitzer is scheduled to Act of 1958. science Astronomical the moon. study the Sun data on the ozone charged plasma Mercury. for low Earth- layer that was key in Physics. cations in launch in 2018. It offers satellite. MAY 1961 in 1963. Observatories in detail. Solar and Helio- orbiting missions, to the Montreal spheric Observatory JUNE 2009 space. unprecedented resolution GISS launched, setting the surface of the LRO launched and sensitivity. the stage for including the Protocol. established. space shuttle. Sun in 1997. to map Hubble. the Moon. 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

• Protect, support, and encourage employees by engaging, en­ abling, and empowering them in all of their efforts to safeguard the public trust. We maintain a world-class workforce dedicated to the execution of NASA’s mission by: ­ Demonstrating confidence, fairness, honesty, and balance. ­ Providing opportunities for development and mobility. ­ Promoting diversity and inclusion.

• Ensure the success of our missions by supporting and sustaining employee dedication, agility, creativity, and commitment to excel­ lence at all levels in the organization.

• Promote transparency and accountability by actively sharing our results and activities with customers, stakeholders, and the public, as well as engaging communities who are the ultimate beneficiaries of our work.

• Support NASA’s other overarching approaches to finding new ways of doing business and investing in new technology.

43 EDUCATION PUBLIC INVOLVING APPYLING OUR PEOPLE BUDGET ECONOMIC IMPACT IN MEMORIAM COMMUNICATION COMMUNITIES TECHNOLOGIES

*Current civil servants who ‡Contractors and others who passed during 2014 include: passed during 2014 include:

PETAR ARSENOVIC GARY DAVIS

ARTHUR HOU ATUL JAI As we celebrate our collective achievements, we also honor all PETER MEDLEY ROBERT (BOB) KIDWELL of those who have contributed GEORGE MOORE JUDY PEPOY to Goddard that are no longer with us. LOLA OLSEN FREDERICK TARANTINO

Your dedication and talent will STEVEN PATTON HENRY (HANK) WONG never be forgotten. WAYNE POWELL BRUCE WOODGATE PETER SALERNO BRADFORD TORAIN JOHN WASHINGTON

*NOTE: NASA does not have access to this information for former NASA civil servants. The report authors have been informally notified of such individuals who have been added to the list under contractors and others.

‡NASA does not have access to this data for contractors and others affiliated with Goddard. An earnest attempt was made to manually collect this information. However, the nature of the process could result in the list being incomplete.

Please email omissions to Shanessa Jackson ([email protected]) and copy Mary Pat Hrybyk-Keith ([email protected]) and Peter Hughes (peter.m.hughes@ nasa.gov). The electronic version of this report will be updated accordingly. Updated 5.5.2015.

44

For more information, please visit our web site: www.nasa.gov/goddard

NP-2015-4-276-GSFC