Published by the New York Press Association on behalf of New York’s Community Newspapers NewsBeat May/June 2017 NYPA

N EW Y ORK P RESS A SSOCIATION 2 0 1 6 B ETTER N EWSPAPER C ONTEST AAnd the Winners Are … NEWSPAPER OF THE YEAR Sharon R. Fulmer Award The Sag Harbor Express for Community Leadership, 2016 STUART C. DORMAN AWARD Editorial Excellence FIRST PLACE — LAKE PLACID NEWS The Sag Harbor Express JOHN J. EVANS AWARD Advertising Excellence The Sag Harbor Express 2 NewsBeat May/June 2017 BNC hat trick for Sag Harbor Express Sag Harbor Express wins Newspaper of the Year, Stuart C. Dorman Award for Editorial Excellence, and John J. Evans Award for Advertising Excellence. An Opportunity for The Express About Gavin and Kathryn Menu By BRYAN BOYHAN — Publisher Emeritus Gavin became a sports writer shortly after Pat Cowles once said he hired a bartender to be the editor He taught me the business side — although I don’t blame graduating from Wesleyan University in of his newspaper. And that was true. Pat had just bought the him for me not getting that quite right —and he left me pretty Connecticut, where he played four years of varsity Sag Harbor Express in 1988, and hired me without a lot of real much on my own to run The Express as I saw fit, while he football. His first job was at The Independent journalism experience. I was a writing major at Dowling tended to his two other papers. newspaper (side note, The Independent, based in College and had written a handful of restaurant reviews for a East Hampton, was purchased this week by Pat brought in computers, and we were the first, I believe, billionaire Ron Pearlman), where he met his future friend’s paper on Fire Island — where I also did a quick on Long Island to design a weekly using Apple Macs and wife, Kathryn. Gavin, 41, moved to The interview with Andy Warhol after running into him at a bar pagination programs. We hired additional staff and Pat rebuilt Southampton Press in 2004 and began writing for when he was signing copies of his new tabloid, Interview — the Main Street office The Express had occupied since 1915. the news section as well as the sports section, but had little else to recommend me to the job. My real education came from learning by doing, and much winning his first NYPA award for Best Feature Story I had just moved to Sag Harbor two years before and, of the first four years of my tenure at The Express was spent in for a piece he did on the 60th anniversary of The finding myself in between positions, took a job as a bartender a newspaper war with a new startup, both of us competing for D-Day invasion (the piece was heavily edited by his in a local pub. I was working one afternoon when Pat,who I had news and advertising dollars in the tiny two square mile village now-News Editor and NYPA’s 2016 Writer of the met years before, and my old friend Warren McDowell, who with one Main Street. We outlasted them, and as the economy Year, Stephen J. Kotz). owned the paper on Fire Island, walked in and sat down at the in Sag Harbor began to improve, and the gentrification of an Kathryn was introduced to journalism at the bar. I learned that Pat was buying the local paper and was old factory town took hold, The Express was buoyed and age of five, when she began exploring the offices looking for an editor. I applied and, against all logic — and gained a stronger financial foundation. of The East Hampton Star, where her stepfather, probably due to the dearth of editorial talent in Sag Harbor at In 2000, Pat said he wanted to step back a bit from his role Jack Graves, has served as a reporter, sports editor the time — was hired. at the paper, and I became publisher and part owner of The and columnist during his close to 50 years at that I’ve done a lot of other things in my life to make a living, Express. In 2012, Pat got out entirely, and I became full owner. newspaper. A graduate of Long Island University, from washing dishes to selling shoes. After finishing at Kathryn completed visiting semesters at Oxford Over the years I was lucky to work with quite a few University and Loyola University in New Orleans Dowling, and after a particularly bleak three years selling extraordinarily talented reporters, editors, advertising staff and telephone systems, I decided to go back to college and get my prior to graduation. She also interned under production people, who helped make The Express the polished Sally and Anthony Amato at New York City’s teaching certification from Stony Brook University. I taught jewel Pat imagined back in 1988. We’ve done a lot of good Amato Opera. high school English in Brentwood, Long Island, and remember work, I believe, and much of it I’m very proud of, from teaching students what little I had learned about journalism. I Kathryn, 37, was hired by The Independent reporting on the skirmishes in village hall and on the school newspaper in 2004 as a reporter, where she met triedworking as an actor and ran a cabaret and a summer stock board, to the changing dynamics of a village in transition, to theater. And, of course, tended bar off and on whenever I was Gavin. The couple was married in 2005. Kathryn sensitive story telling of the human tragedies and successes — was hired by The Sag Harbor Express in 2007. in between positions. But journalism is the one job that I truly both large and small — in the community we serve. ever thought of as a career. And I’ve been doing it for about By 2007, Gavin and Kathryn realized their thirty years. In 2012, thanks to Pat’s great generosity, I was able to step reporter salaries combined would not sustain a life back a bit at work and began to think about who should take on the East End of Long Island, so Gavin moved The Express was started in 1859, a Republican paper when over The Express,and who could ensure its success. One thing over to sales, where he helped successfully launch newspapers were not shy about broadcasting their affiliations I had learned about the financial side of the business is that The East Hampton Press. He also continued to write and political preferences. It survived a number of challenges the person who is in charge of the revenue needs to have a as much as possible, since the editorial side of the from competitors, occasionally consuming its rivals. By the stake. Kathryn Menu, one of the finest reporters I’ve ever met, business remained his true passion. time Pat Cowles came along in 1988, the paper had been and who knows Sag Harbor better than anyone, had been The couple welcomed their first child, owned by just two families. It had fallen on hard times; its then- working for me about five years when I decided to change my owner, Vicky Gardner, had been bed-ridden for four years and Ella Marie, in 2009. role. Her husband, Gavin, was working as the advertising rep In 2012, Bryan Boyhan, the then-publisher was putting the paper together on a lap board, literally cutting at a competing newspaper, and had very successfully started and pasting, with rubber cement, galleys of copy onto flats. and editor of The Sag Harbor Express, asked and grown business there. Together they would make a Gavin to run his sales department at The Express It was a rough looking broadsheet, with just a little bit of great team. and promoted Kathryn to editor. In 2014 — the straight news, rewritten press releases, and a handful of We met and I suggested Gavin come to work at The same year the couple welcomed their second child, community columns written by members of the Chamber of Express as director of advertising, and if, after a year’s time, Charlie Dean — Gavin and Kathryn became Commerce, American Legion and Community Band. The they felt they could make a go of it, we would make an co-publishers. Today, they work-side-by-side with columns of copy were frequently tilted on the page, and if there ownership deal. Which is what we’ve done and the future of Boyhan. Over the last five years, their Express were no cut lines already type set, well, then Vicky would just The Express looks brighter than ever. Magazine series has nearly doubled in circulation write them in by hand with a ball point pen directly onto the and advertising sales. The newspaper has seen sales flat. Advertising was lean and relied on whatever came in over Today my workload is lighter, and I get to do the part increases year-over-year for four consecutive years. of the job I enjoy the most, designing and packaging the news. the transom, or the kindness of a business community that Kathryn remains editor of The Sag Harbor remained loyal to its hometown paper, regardless of its failings. I play more golf, poorly, with occasional glimmers of Express, Express Magazine and There was a cranky old reporter who had cut her teeth at the mediocrity, and my wife Ellen and I enjoy a little more sagharborexpress.com and Gavin continues to write Brooklyn Eagle, and her husband, a retired Chicago police traveling and taking hikes — when she’s not riding her sports in addition to leading advertising sales, but is detective, who doubled as photographer and newspaper motorcycle. Our daughter, Maggie, who we adopted several still searching for that elusive Sports Writer of the deliveryman. That was the full time staff. years after I started working at The Express, is finishing Year award from NYPA… Despite all this, Pat saw an opportunity in The Express. college. And their children delight, and occasionally He thought it was a jewel that just needed some polishing. I still come into the office every day. And so does Pat, torture, staff at The Express offices in Sag Harbor I learned from Pat what it meant to be a newspaperman. when he’s in town. There’s a desk for him, with his things, on a regular basis, much as Kathryn and her twin The importance of being a part of the community, and the role a computer and a pile of papers. It’s hard to leave the sister once did at The East Hampton Star three the local newspaper plays in its community: keeping the newsroom behind. decades ago. people truly informed and taking positions as the community And we frequently walk down the street for a drink continues to evolve. and a bite to eat. May/June 2017 NewsBeat 3 Andy Flynn, Lake Placid News win huge by keeping USA Luge in Lake Placid Andy Flynn is the editor of the Lake Placid News and lives in Saranac Lake. He is a graduate of the Tupper Lake High School and SUNY College at Fredonia, earning a bachelor’s degree in communication in 1991. He has more than 25 years of experience in the media and public relations fields. In his spare time, Flynn has written and self-published nine books, mostly about Adirondack history. He also tells stories about artifacts at New York’s many museums as the producer/host of the “Adirondack Attic” radio show on North Country Public Radio and writer of the syndicated “Stories from the Attic” newspaper column. Flynn worked at the Adirondack Daily Enterprise and Lake Placid News as a writer and editor from 1994 to 2001. From 2001 to 2009, he worked as the senior public information specialist at the Adirondack Park Agency Visitor Interpretive Center in Paul Smiths. He was self-employed in 2009 and 2010, publishing books and local community guides. From 2011 to 2013, he was assistant managing editor at Denton Publications in Elizabethtown, returning to the Lake Placid News in October 2013. Flynn has garnered merits of excellence from the National Newspaper Association, New York Newspaper Publishers Association and the New York Press Association. While the Lake Placid News staff writer, he was named the 1996 NYPA Writer of the Year for weekly newspapers with circulations under 10,000.

Proudest moments have been our coverage of the 1980 Winter Olympic Games held in Lake Placid, with winning awards for the Daily Olympic Digest. A 40 page tabloid published daily for 14 days of the games. They have since sent reporters to the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Vancover, Sochi, and plans are underway to be at the 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang in South Korea. The NYPA was instrumental in sponsoring a reporter in Sochi Catherine Moore has been publisher for the daily newspaper, the Adirondack to send photos and coverage of NYPA member’s local athletes. Daily Enterprise and the weekly newspaper the Lake Placid News, both located in the Catherine is married to Jack Moore and has two married children with two grandchildren Adirondack Park of northern New York . and lives in Saranac Lake. President of the New York News Publishers Association She started in 1973, just after the newspapers went from hot lead to web offset. Starting Foundation, Past President and now board member of the New York Press Association, and in the circulation department, the plan was just to be temporary until finishing college to be Vice-President of the Tri-Lakes Humane Society an art instructor. Her career took a turn as she found a creative outlet, helping in the “Being on the board of the New York Press Association offers stimulating discussions to advertising department. Loving the newspaper business led her to be promoted to ad sales, share ideas, seek new opportunities and initiate solutions, to better serve our readers into the ad manager, and eventually publisher in 1989. future.” Catherine added. 4 NewsBeat May/June 2017

By ALEX GROTH — Op-Ed Contributor, Yesterday Programmatic for Online Display has been an Exercise in Polishing a Turd he default mindset for online providers, third-party verification, etc.) actually understanding brand lift. advertising has been “more data are demanding large cuts of the digital Meanwhile, as brands optimize for yields better results.” That idea spend justified through their vanity metrics, ad campaigns with bad T has led to massive expansion in “differentiation,” pushing publishers to user experiences are certainly causing the data collected, created, and sold foist increasingly aggressive advertising brand harm. throughout the ecosystem. upon their users to maintain their Advertisers and agencies, please do However, for most digital ad revenue. This contributes to an the online ad industry a favor, and help campaigns, the vast majority of increasing user disdain for online ads, it break away from its dangerous data- available metrics are completely degrading the value of the inventory. pushing habit. Find ways to measure irrelevant — and, in fact, detrimental. Worse, these vanity metrics have us metrics that actually matter, and refuse Imagine you’re a print ad agency in optimizing useless outcomes and help to pay for ones that don’t. When 1994. A newspaper approaches you perpetuate one of the most disliked someone shows you a dashboard with with novel technology: in addition to Internet products: banner ads. audience demographic visualization or knowing the print circulation figures for One agency exec summed it up best: real-time click-through rates, say, your ads, you can also know the exact “Programmatic for online display has “Great. Now how do we see brand time on Sunday a reader flips to the been an exercise in polishing a turd.” favorability lift for our campaign? page your ads are printed on (thanks to What’s the methodology?” As Internet users, we all understand some patented Orwellian technique). how terribly ineffective banner ads are. When you pull back the curtain of Neat! Will you now pay more for the ad? However, as industry participants, we bullshit vanity metrics, many will find a Surely, the answer should be no, believe that we can use superior heap of wasted ad spend. Don’t lament; because those data won’t help the targeting, creative, and buying celebrate this discovery! Take that message reach more customers. But that algorithms to reach banner nirvana. newfound cash and try new things — data sure would look fancy in a Dammit, it certainly feels good to native ad campaigns, or direct-to- PowerPoint… achieve a 0.31% click-through rate publisher — and, again, measure what Sadly, this is exactly what is when the industry average is only really matters. happening in online display. The 0.15%. The advantage of digital advertising commoditization of ad inventory via The key metric for any brand is not just measurement. It is flexibility, programmatic forces ad networks to campaign should be brand lift: the direct creativity, and personalization. Let’s differentiate, and one easy way to do impact your ads are having on take some of those turd-polishing this is dressing up inventory with vanity perceptions and behaviors through the resources and put them toward metrics like viewability, click-through customer journey. delivering online ad experiences that rates, social media shares, etc. produce real results. The dirty secret is that current While seemingly innocent, these programmatic technology is not capable metrics are costly to provide and have — Reprinted from Media Post of reporting that metric. Viewability, created an unholy cycle where impressions, clicks, and social media middlemen (ad networks, data Editor’s Note: This is a huge opportunity shares are all laughably far away from for premium news sites. May/June 2017 NewsBeat 5

By SAMJEFF BERKHEADSONDERMAN Why the future of local news lies in collaboration and trust-building

For local news to survive in the digital era, playing out in my patch?” said Alon Aviramn the building a collaborative environment and Cable’s co-founder. “A number of top stories have regaining readers’ trust will be essential, come about this way — for instance, our F according to a group of local news experts investigation on police surveillance, which was who took part in IJNet’s most recent live chart. initially prompted by an investigation in Sweden.” Their insights came days after The Storm Lake Teresa Gorman, local news associate at the Times, a family-run newspaper in Iowa with a staff Local News Lab, recommended a number of of 10 and a circulation of 3,000, won a Pulitzer resources for local journalists looking for more Prize for editorial writing. It was one of this year’s creative story ideas, including the Listening Post more surprising wins, with a small local paper and Hearken. joining the ranks of national news giants like The “Free Press has a useful toolkit to creating an New York Times and The Washington Post. engaged newsroom that has tips for finding stories,” “It was very impressive to see a small news she added. “I also recommend checking out Gather organization take on powerful interests on behalf of for more resources and ideas.” the community and transparency in a high-profile case,” said Amalie Nash, West Region executive Building trust with communities regional editor for Gannett. The current lack of public trust in the media The Storm Lake Times is a lucky outlier at a has hit local news as much as it has larger outlets. Fostering collaboration time when many local new organizations are So what can be done to rebuild this trust with the Lastly, collaboration with other newsrooms will shrinking, leaving a vacuum of news coverage in communities we serve? communities outside the nation’s large urban be vital for local news organizations looking to not just centers. Jesse Hardman, founder of the Listening Post, survive, but thrive. said traditional shoe-leather reporting plays an With this in mind, chat participants looked at This is because collaboration can allow integral role in connecting journalists with their newsrooms to benefit from one another’s skills and possible solutions for rebuilding and revitalizing communities. local news. Our top takeaways: specialties while reaching a larger combined audience “Covering community events… builds that and getting funders’ attention, Hardman explained. In May, there will be a whole conference built on the idea Finding local stories that matter community trust,” Hardman said. “It shows you are willing to spend time in that place. Sources will of collaboration. All too often, local news coverage is relegated come out of that regular coverage that can help you “‘An Unbelievable Story of Rape,’ which won a to prosaic beats like school board meetings. with your more in-depth stories.” Pulitzer last year in explanatory, was a collaboration Whether through lack of resources or lack of leads, Finding a balance between regular community between the Marshall Project and ProPublica,” Nash the kind of in-depth storytelling you’d see in a Dan events and more in-depth features and said. “How it came about: reporters at both places Barry column is a rarity at smaller news investigations will continue to be a must for local were digging into different aspects of that organizations. news organizations, the chat participants agreed. investigation. They learned about each other. In the past, they would have scrambled to scoop each other. In many cases, nothing substitutes the “I take the bubbling stove approach,” said effectiveness of simply getting out of the newsroom But here, they teamed up. The end result was one of Kristen Hare, who covers local news innovations the best pieces of journalism I’ve ever read.” and speaking to people in your community face-to- for Poynter. “I have a pot on each burner, front and face, Nash said. Joining Facebook groups and back, at all times. The front pots tend to be For further reading on all things local news, following Twitter lists can also help you find breaking or quick news. The back pots are medium subscribe to Hare’s Local Edition and the Democracy underreported stories of value. and long-term projects. The trick for me is to stir Find’s Local Fix. The Bristol Cable, a media co-op in Bristol, the back ones regularly so they don’t a) burn or b) United Kingdom, comes up with article ideas by evaporate.” looking for a local angle in bigger news stories. Editor’s Note: To capitalize on opportunities to Gorman cited the three S’s — diverse stories, collaborate, watch for NYPA’s pending launch of “I find that it’s often good to follow national staff and sources — as a must for building trust a new content sharing platform “NewsToShare.” and international news and then ask, how is this with your community. 6 NewsBeat May/June 2017

By TONI FITZGERALD By REBECCA ZISSER Yet another year of tumbling broadcast ratings Almost 20% of digital ad The Big Five are off 7 percent this year in 18-49s, continuing a recent trend SIDEBAR spending could be wasted people away — even if it’s to watch the exact same shows the broadcasters air Understanding new study estimates that $12.48 billion of ad spending in 2016 was via a different platform, such as video on fraud, or was the result in invalid traffic, which is double the earlier $7.2 demand or Netflix. TV Ratings — A Primer Abillion industry estimate. This means that almost 20% of the $66 billion spent last year on digital ads globally may have been wasted on ads that were In broadcast ratings for the week mostly either ended March 12: Nielsen measures TV viewership • Botnet fraud: never actually viewed by humans Among adults 18-49, NBC averaged a using either in home diaries or people • Adware fraud: not properly loaded for a person to accurately view them 1.2 rating and a 5 share, followed by CBS meters. Fewer than 50,000 and ABC at 1.1/4, Fox at 0.7/3, Univision households have diaries or people Why this matters: The amount of money lost to digital ad fraud is greater at 0.6/2, Telemundo and CW at 0.5/2, ION meters, meaning less than one tenth than the total digital advertising revenue for all of the 80 premium publishers of and UniMás at 0.3/1, Estrella TV, Me-TV, Digital Content Next, a trade group which includes the AP, NBC, NPR, PBS, Bounce TV and Grit at 0.1/0 and COZI- of 1% of the 100 million households Turner and many more, according to Jason Kint, the group’s president. TV, Azteca and Escape at 0.0/0. with TVs are measured — and the data is extrapolated to generate average • Digital was supposed to solve this problem: Dan Jaffe, EVP of the Top five English-language Big Five Association of National Advertisers, tells Axios: “We thought in the digital age shows (18-49s): 1. NBC’s “This Is Us” rating points and shares. we’d know exactly where our spending went, but because digital and mobile are CBS’s ‘NCIS’ is down 18 percent this But it’s also been a disappointing 3.0; 2. CBS’s “The Big Bang Theory” 2.8; 3. NBC’s “The Voice-Monday” 2.7; 4. growing faster than any other industry, the regulatory and foundational steps season in 18-49s. It would be season for the ordinarily steady A rating point is the number of that you see in more mature media — like good metrics reporting — didn’t surprising, at this point, to see network. It’s suffered more than the NBC’s “The Voice-Tuesday” 2.6; 5. ABC’s “The Bachelor” 2.2. households that watched a show, necessarily happen immediately. Now we’re making major efforts to catch up.” broadcast ratings gain or even remain usual share of bombs, including expressed as a percentage of all steady year to year. midseason disappointments “Doubt” Top five English-language Big Five • Increased automation magnifies the issue: The report finds that and “Training Day,” and a number of shows (total viewers): 1. CBS’s “NCIS” households equipped with a TV 29% of programmatic ads (ads sold through an automated process) resulted in Yet it’s still worth noting, with just invalid traffic, as opposed to 12% of ads sold directly by humans. As the one month left in the TV season, that its returning shows have fallen, 14.18 million; 2. CBS’s “The Big Bang (100 million). including top hits “NCIS” and “The Theory” 13.08 million; 3. NBC’s “The industry becomes more automated, comScore.com foresees the problem viewership has fallen anew among the becoming worse “due to the lack of transparency in the ecosystem.” eMarketer key adults 18-49 demo. Big Bang Theory.” Voice” 12.00 million; 4. NBC’s “The Share is the percentage of the ABC, meanwhile, has suffered the Voice-Tuesday” 11.62 million; 5. NBC’s audience that actually had their predicts that by 2018, over 80% of digital display ads will be sold The Big Five networks are down 7 ‘This Is Us” 11.15 million. programmatically, up 37% from 2014. percent from last season, according to second-biggest year-to-year drop, TV turned on at that time. Nielsen, with a collective 8.8 18-49 sliding 11 percent. It has a handful of Show on the rise: NBC’s “This Is Us,” What’s next? rating. That’s down from a 9.5 at this new shows that have put up okay Tuesday, 9 p.m. The drama posted a 3.0 This information should help you The report suggests that the amount of fraudulent ad spend time last year. numbers, but many of its older shows, rating among 18-49s, up 20 percent from a will rise to $16.4 billion of the estimated $82 billion digital ad dollars spent though still among its biggest hits, have 2.5 for its most recent original episode. sell against TV in your market. globally this year. Experts suggest that the solution relies on regulation of the Just one network, Fox, is up from last posted declines. Show on the decline: NBC’s “Little Big Rating points and share are at an economic incentives that spur fraud, especially when it comes to bots. “The season, and that’s because it carried the solution to ad fraud, like may other issues, is economic rather than technical,” Super Bowl, which CBS had last year. The CW is also down this season, Shots,” Sunday, 8 p.m. The variety series all-time low — more channels, more falling a tenth in the demo. That posted a 1.7 rating among 18-49s, down options like Netflix and Movies On Kint says. “Advertisers, and importantly their agencies, need to know where NBC is even to last season. The rest reflects the network’s dismal duo of their advertising and their investments are actually going.” 15 percent from a 2.0 the previous week. Demand, and DVRs. The household of the networks are down. new fall shows, which undoubtedly will The study was published by The&Partnership, a holding group under the CBS has suffered the steepest get the official axe in May. penetration of your newspaper gives umbrella of WPP, one of the world’s largest ad agencies, m/six, an agency decline, off 24 percent from last season, Will broadcast’s declines ever Editor’s Note: Encourage your sales local advertisers a much better bang within the Group M ad agency conglomerate and a third-party ad audit from a 2.5 to a 1.9. Some of that can plateau? Probably not anytime soon. team to use this date to sell against TV in for their buck! vendor called Adloox. be explained by the network airing last your local markets. — Reprinted from Axios Even if the decreases slow, they’ll year’s Super Bowl, which gave it a Editor’s Note: More reasons why advertising on premium news sites nice boost. still continue as new media woos delivers greater return on investment. May/June 2017 NewsBeat 7

By TONI FITZGERALD By REBECCA ZISSER Yet another year of tumbling broadcast ratings Almost 20% of digital ad The Big Five are off 7 percent this year in 18-49s, continuing a recent trend SIDEBAR spending could be wasted people away — even if it’s to watch the exact same shows the broadcasters air Understanding new study estimates that $12.48 billion of ad spending in 2016 was via a different platform, such as video on fraud, or was the result in invalid traffic, which is double the earlier $7.2 demand or Netflix. TV Ratings — A Primer Abillion industry estimate. This means that almost 20% of the $66 billion spent last year on digital ads globally may have been wasted on ads that were In broadcast ratings for the week mostly either ended March 12: Nielsen measures TV viewership • Botnet fraud: never actually viewed by humans Among adults 18-49, NBC averaged a using either in home diaries or people • Adware fraud: not properly loaded for a person to accurately view them 1.2 rating and a 5 share, followed by CBS meters. Fewer than 50,000 and ABC at 1.1/4, Fox at 0.7/3, Univision households have diaries or people Why this matters: The amount of money lost to digital ad fraud is greater at 0.6/2, Telemundo and CW at 0.5/2, ION meters, meaning less than one tenth than the total digital advertising revenue for all of the 80 premium publishers of and UniMás at 0.3/1, Estrella TV, Me-TV, Digital Content Next, a trade group which includes the AP, NBC, NPR, PBS, Bounce TV and Grit at 0.1/0 and COZI- of 1% of the 100 million households Turner and many more, according to Jason Kint, the group’s president. TV, Azteca and Escape at 0.0/0. with TVs are measured — and the data is extrapolated to generate average • Digital was supposed to solve this problem: Dan Jaffe, EVP of the Top five English-language Big Five Association of National Advertisers, tells Axios: “We thought in the digital age shows (18-49s): 1. NBC’s “This Is Us” rating points and shares. we’d know exactly where our spending went, but because digital and mobile are CBS’s ‘NCIS’ is down 18 percent this But it’s also been a disappointing 3.0; 2. CBS’s “The Big Bang Theory” 2.8; 3. NBC’s “The Voice-Monday” 2.7; 4. growing faster than any other industry, the regulatory and foundational steps season in 18-49s. It would be season for the ordinarily steady A rating point is the number of that you see in more mature media — like good metrics reporting — didn’t surprising, at this point, to see network. It’s suffered more than the NBC’s “The Voice-Tuesday” 2.6; 5. ABC’s “The Bachelor” 2.2. households that watched a show, necessarily happen immediately. Now we’re making major efforts to catch up.” broadcast ratings gain or even remain usual share of bombs, including expressed as a percentage of all steady year to year. midseason disappointments “Doubt” Top five English-language Big Five • Increased automation magnifies the issue: The report finds that and “Training Day,” and a number of shows (total viewers): 1. CBS’s “NCIS” households equipped with a TV 29% of programmatic ads (ads sold through an automated process) resulted in Yet it’s still worth noting, with just invalid traffic, as opposed to 12% of ads sold directly by humans. As the one month left in the TV season, that its returning shows have fallen, 14.18 million; 2. CBS’s “The Big Bang (100 million). including top hits “NCIS” and “The Theory” 13.08 million; 3. NBC’s “The industry becomes more automated, comScore.com foresees the problem viewership has fallen anew among the becoming worse “due to the lack of transparency in the ecosystem.” eMarketer key adults 18-49 demo. Big Bang Theory.” Voice” 12.00 million; 4. NBC’s “The Share is the percentage of the ABC, meanwhile, has suffered the Voice-Tuesday” 11.62 million; 5. NBC’s audience that actually had their predicts that by 2018, over 80% of digital display ads will be sold The Big Five networks are down 7 ‘This Is Us” 11.15 million. programmatically, up 37% from 2014. percent from last season, according to second-biggest year-to-year drop, TV turned on at that time. Nielsen, with a collective 8.8 18-49 sliding 11 percent. It has a handful of Show on the rise: NBC’s “This Is Us,” What’s next? rating. That’s down from a 9.5 at this new shows that have put up okay Tuesday, 9 p.m. The drama posted a 3.0 This information should help you The report suggests that the amount of fraudulent ad spend time last year. numbers, but many of its older shows, rating among 18-49s, up 20 percent from a will rise to $16.4 billion of the estimated $82 billion digital ad dollars spent though still among its biggest hits, have 2.5 for its most recent original episode. sell against TV in your market. globally this year. Experts suggest that the solution relies on regulation of the Just one network, Fox, is up from last posted declines. Show on the decline: NBC’s “Little Big Rating points and share are at an economic incentives that spur fraud, especially when it comes to bots. “The season, and that’s because it carried the solution to ad fraud, like may other issues, is economic rather than technical,” Super Bowl, which CBS had last year. The CW is also down this season, Shots,” Sunday, 8 p.m. The variety series all-time low — more channels, more falling a tenth in the demo. That posted a 1.7 rating among 18-49s, down options like Netflix and Movies On Kint says. “Advertisers, and importantly their agencies, need to know where NBC is even to last season. The rest reflects the network’s dismal duo of their advertising and their investments are actually going.” 15 percent from a 2.0 the previous week. Demand, and DVRs. The household of the networks are down. new fall shows, which undoubtedly will The study was published by The&Partnership, a holding group under the CBS has suffered the steepest get the official axe in May. penetration of your newspaper gives umbrella of WPP, one of the world’s largest ad agencies, m/six, an agency decline, off 24 percent from last season, Will broadcast’s declines ever Editor’s Note: Encourage your sales local advertisers a much better bang within the Group M ad agency conglomerate and a third-party ad audit from a 2.5 to a 1.9. Some of that can plateau? Probably not anytime soon. team to use this date to sell against TV in for their buck! vendor called Adloox. be explained by the network airing last your local markets. — Reprinted from Axios Even if the decreases slow, they’ll year’s Super Bowl, which gave it a Editor’s Note: More reasons why advertising on premium news sites nice boost. still continue as new media woos delivers greater return on investment. 8 NewsBeat May/June 2017

By JOY MAYER How building trust with your audience is like dating elationships take work. You don’t get intimacy This does not mean that newsrooms should cover only else is being rude to the person who’s sharing. We don’t without putting in some time. You don’t ask for things that get lots of page views (though we should be thank people for sharing. Too often, we don’t even favors without offering the equivalent yourself. paying attention to what stories just aren’t getting read). acknowledge that they shared. R You earn trust by being there consistently, and It does mean, however, that not everything we do is a We also ask questions that feel rhetorical. “What do by listening. good fit for social media engagement. People are in you think?” is attached as a sort of throw-away, when it’s The Trusting News project is basically a recipe for a different moods on different platforms. People who come clear the real purpose of the post is to get you to read genuine, two-way relationship with news consumers, to your website for policy analysis might just not be our story. rather than just an exchange of information. looking for that from you on Facebook. So quit trying, or do it differently. Otherwise, you’re being tone deaf. Instead, when we really want to hear from people, Relationships involve caring whether you’re meeting we should make conversation the main purpose of a post. the needs of the other party — and being willing to We should write in a way that makes the invitation the adjust if you’re not. They involve knowing what people Don’t ask for more engagement or focal point, rather than a tacked-on gesture. need from you and whether you’re meeting those needs. intimacy than you’ve earned The 14 newsrooms that helped test social strategies If you’ve been on just one or two dates with someone, Reflect back what you’ve heard and for building trust found that what’s true in real-life you probably wouldn’t ask him to water your plants when learned about the person relationships is also true on Facebook. If you want you’re out of town or drive you to a doctor appointment. users’ attention, loyalty and time, you have to earn it. If You wouldn’t expect him to help you fill out insurance When dating, demonstrating that you understand you want them to open up to you and speak well of you, forms or do the dishes. You are also unlikely to ask him someone and can anticipate their needs is a sign of you need to show you deserve it. about his medical history or financial situation. growing intimacy. We look for chances to show we’ve been paying attention. We say things like: In a relationship, you have to earn the right to ask for Related Training: Room for Trust: those favors or expect revelations on those topics. “This made me think of you because…” Creating Space for Real Engagement Yet journalists ask for more than they’ve earned a lot. “I thought you’d be excited about…” To see authentic engagement done well, browse They publicly pose questions about things that require a “I knew this would make you sad, but I thought you’d these posts from The Fresno (California) Bee, the Enid lot of work or that ask people to share personal still want to know…” information. (Oklahoma) News & Eagle and the Standard-Examiner What mood is a certain situation likely to put your date in Ogden, Utah. The Standard-Examiner hosted respectful, nuanced in? How is he likely to feel? Look for chances to show you Here are four rules from dating that apply to conversations on race and policing. The comments were understand and can relate. civil and complimentary (on their own posts and on the journalists who want better relationships with their Journalists often get nervous about injecting emotion or shares of the posts). That only worked, however, because communities. opinion into a post. But doing so does not always run of how present the journalists are in conversations day to counter to journalistic mission. It likely would not be at all day. They ask not only about Black Lives Matter but also Talk about things the other person is controversial to congratulate school officials for keeping about people’s favorite ice cream and first jobs. interested in kids safe or say that your staff is saddened by the death of a child. And it might be appropriate to write in a way that When on a date, you’re likely to be continually If you ask a question, listen to encourages a focus on shared humanity. watching for cues about how you’re being received. You’re looking for connections and shared interests. the answer It’s also appropriate to reflect that you know what your What do you have in common? Is your date responding Once you have earned the right to ask someone you’re community wants. Look for chances to say things like: well to your work stories? How about vacation dating about their medical history, you wouldn’t dream of “We know how excited this community gets about new anecdotes? What’s her mood? Does she seem asking the question and then tuning out. Think about restaurants…” comfortable? Should you keep it light or broach how that would go. You ask someone, “So, you mentioned something more serious? Does she seem to want to you’d beaten cancer?” Then while she tells you about it “Our story about this was our most-read post last week, linger over dessert, or should you suggest a change you make a mental to-do list or daydream about a so we want to be sure to bring you an update…” of venue? vacation. When she stops talking, you say “oh, “Those of you who’ve lived here a long time will Newsrooms with lively, engaged audiences are interesting,” and change the subject. remember…” often the ones that know what their audiences want to You also shouldn’t pretend to ask a question when These principles apply in a lot of social situations, not talk about. They pose questions on things that their you’re actually just asking so you have an excuse to just dating. Picture yourself building connections with users will want to chat about. They remember what answer it yourself. “Have you been to Europe? Oh, you neighbors, meeting people at a party or getting to know their communities wanted to talk about last week and have? Well, let me tell you about my very impressive trip new colleagues. You need to cultivate common interests. try a new angle on that topic again. They don’t invite to Europe.” Listen actively and demonstrably. Ask only for what conversation again and again around things that But journalists do the online equivalent of this all the you’ve earned. continually fall flat. time. We pose questions and then disappear. We don’t Happy dating. ask follow-up questions. We are absent when someone — Reprinted from Poynter May/June 2017 NewsBeat 9

By TOSH KIRK and RAHUL SETHI 7 ways Millennials, Boomers read printed news differently

n today’s battle for media dollars, advertisers are now challenging digital media with issues of ad fraud and unreliable measurement. At I the same time they are questioning the relevance of traditional media, especially print. Great media plans have always employed multiple media to maximize ad impact, and traditional media are critical components of a balanced advertising campaign. Since the first Vividata survey went into field in January 2015, we have seen continued growth in digital and cross-platform readership to magazines and newspapers. As Canadians’ adopt digital versions of their favorite magazines and newspapers, Vividata is tracking and reporting this evolution for advertisers. Only a small percentage of people do not read any printed magazines.

More than two-thirds of Millennials read the average issue of a magazine, and of these: • All but 14% read a print copy. • Half of readers use their mobile to read. Ninety-three percent of Boomers (ages 50-69) read newspapers or magazines. More than 80% of Boomers read a newspaper in the average week, and of those: • Half read a digital version. One-third of Millennials prefer reading printed newspapers while half of Baby • More than one-third read a newspaper on their mobile. Boomers do. Seventy-seven percent of Boomers read the average issue of a Millennials and Boomers read differently magazine, and of those: Vividata’s most recent release debunks the myth that Millennials don’t • One-third read a digital version. read printed magazines or newspapers, or that Baby Boomers read only printed copies. • 23% used their mobile. Eighty-eight percent of Millennials (ages 21-34) read newspapers or For several years, we’ve been hearing about the demise of magazines. traditional media, particularly print media. While magazine and newspaper content is often “print first,” many publishers have Three-quarters of Millennials read newspapers in the average week, embraced digital and adapted their distribution models. There’s no and of those: doubt that digital is here to stay, and the way it’s changed magazines • 77% read a printed copy. and newspapers is profound. • More than half (59%) used their mobile device to read. 10 NewsBeat May/June 2017

By TOM GRUBISICH Newspapers have high level of trust, but will they capitalize on it? coming out of their daze from losing the pre- Then there is Facebook, which, despite its eminence they had in the palmy print era that is low trust, isn’t going away. Newspapers can’t no more. Gradually, they are beginning to innovate ignore its reach to nearly 2 billion people in the digital space, especially in utilizing around the world. But by capitalizing on their technology to connect better with their audiences trust to build more connections with their and tell their story to advertisers. But they need to audiences, newspapers can make their own do so much more. digital real estate more relevant to news consumers, especially those who worry about Just one example: Messaging apps are becoming fake news. When they do that, they’ll be able a major source of news and how it’s distributed. to make a better case with all the businesses But all major activity in chat apps is occurring that have been putting more and more of their outside of the U.S. advertising on Facebook. Chat apps would be the best way for newspapers Newspapers and the rest of the publishing to cover the huge local impact of the “Trump-Quake industry that were sent reeling by the massive in Washington, D.C. We’re seeing how President growth of Facebook and other distribution Trump’s executive order banning immigrant travel platforms are beginning to recover their self- The red columns in the chart below are worth a thousand words. to the U.S. from seven mostly Muslim countries is confidence. Toby Young, President of Hearst materially affecting communities in such unlikely Magazines Digital Media, said in a recent places as Erie, Pa., Fayetteville, Ark., and Twin Q & A in Digiday, “Platforms are not forever.” Falls, Idaho. Facebook, responding to the new pushbacks But immigration is only one wave of the seismic from publishers, has created a Journalism shocks that will radiate from Washington smack Project that will, among other things, look at into and throughout communities everywhere. current revenue-sharing formulas. The repeal of Obamacre, tariffs and other trade action and stepped-up school “choice” all will have But in the end, the key difference will be not material effects on millions of Americans. how Facebook shares its revenues or tinkers with its news-feed algorithm, but how With their now-validated high trust levels, Facebook Newspaper Websites Print Newspapers successful newspapers are in achieving newspapers are well positioned to be reliable sustainability will depend on the richness of sources of the stories detailing all the local the connections they build with their repercussions. Most of these stories won’t be told audiences. They’ve got the trust of significant by reporters scribbling in notebooks. Newspapers shares of those audiences. But their tall blue mericans are polarized in many ways, pre- To be sure, newspapers can’t cash their chart don’t have enough reporters to do that. But through eminently in politics. But a big majority of trust numbers at the bank. Last week, Facebook bars in the Ipsos chart are just part of the crowdsourcing from chat apps – balanced with climb that newspapers need to make to secure Athem agree that Facebook is not a reported record quarterly revenue of $8.8 editorial oversight – newspaper websites can do the their future. trustworthy news source. As the blue bars in the billion, most of which is from ads. But their job. (Pure-plays can do the same thing, but they chart show, a significant majority of the public also trust ratings should point newspapers toward an would be less influential because they operate on agrees that newspapers are trustworthy. aggressive and smart strategy that will win them a much smaller scale, and, according to the Ipsos- Tom Grubisich (@TomGubisich) writes the higher revenue they need to be more than I assembled the revealing chart on media trust BuzzFeed survey, while they are rated as much “The New News” column for Street Fight. metrics in Facebook’s news feed — to inform from raw data in a January survey commissioned more trustworthy than Facebook, they aren’t as He is editorial director of hyperlocal news Democrats, Republicans and Independents by BuzzFeed. In its article on the survey, BuzzFeed nearly as reliable as newspapers – Web and print network Local America, and is also working alike, to protect democracy in crisis times. chose to focus on the low public trust of Facebook. — as news sources.) on a book about the history, present, and future It made only an off-hand reference to the high trust Newspapers aren’t exactly sitting on their of Charleston, S.C. in newspapers — both Web and print versions. hands at this hinge moment. They are finally May/June 2017 NewsBeat 11

By TOM GRUBISICH Newspapers have high level of trust, but will they capitalize on it? coming out of their daze from losing the pre- Then there is Facebook, which, despite its eminence they had in the palmy print era that is low trust, isn’t going away. Newspapers can’t no more. Gradually, they are beginning to innovate ignore its reach to nearly 2 billion people in the digital space, especially in utilizing around the world. But by capitalizing on their technology to connect better with their audiences trust to build more connections with their and tell their story to advertisers. But they need to audiences, newspapers can make their own do so much more. digital real estate more relevant to news consumers, especially those who worry about Just one example: Messaging apps are becoming fake news. When they do that, they’ll be able a major source of news and how it’s distributed. to make a better case with all the businesses But all major activity in chat apps is occurring that have been putting more and more of their outside of the U.S. advertising on Facebook. Chat apps would be the best way for newspapers Newspapers and the rest of the publishing to cover the huge local impact of the “Trump-Quake industry that were sent reeling by the massive in Washington, D.C. We’re seeing how President growth of Facebook and other distribution Trump’s executive order banning immigrant travel platforms are beginning to recover their self- The red columns in the chart below are worth a thousand words. to the U.S. from seven mostly Muslim countries is confidence. Toby Young, President of Hearst materially affecting communities in such unlikely Magazines Digital Media, said in a recent places as Erie, Pa., Fayetteville, Ark., and Twin Q & A in Digiday, “Platforms are not forever.” Falls, Idaho. Facebook, responding to the new pushbacks But immigration is only one wave of the seismic from publishers, has created a Journalism shocks that will radiate from Washington smack Project that will, among other things, look at into and throughout communities everywhere. current revenue-sharing formulas. The repeal of Obamacre, tariffs and other trade action and stepped-up school “choice” all will have But in the end, the key difference will be not material effects on millions of Americans. how Facebook shares its revenues or tinkers with its news-feed algorithm, but how With their now-validated high trust levels, successful newspapers are in achieving newspapers are well positioned to be reliable sustainability will depend on the richness of sources of the stories detailing all the local the connections they build with their repercussions. Most of these stories won’t be told audiences. They’ve got the trust of significant by reporters scribbling in notebooks. Newspapers shares of those audiences. But their tall blue mericans are polarized in many ways, pre- To be sure, newspapers can’t cash their chart don’t have enough reporters to do that. But through eminently in politics. But a big majority of trust numbers at the bank. Last week, Facebook bars in the Ipsos chart are just part of the crowdsourcing from chat apps – balanced with climb that newspapers need to make to secure Athem agree that Facebook is not a reported record quarterly revenue of $8.8 editorial oversight – newspaper websites can do the their future. trustworthy news source. As the blue bars in the billion, most of which is from ads. But their job. (Pure-plays can do the same thing, but they chart show, a significant majority of the public also trust ratings should point newspapers toward an would be less influential because they operate on agrees that newspapers are trustworthy. aggressive and smart strategy that will win them a much smaller scale, and, according to the Ipsos- Tom Grubisich (@TomGubisich) writes the higher revenue they need to be more than I assembled the revealing chart on media trust BuzzFeed survey, while they are rated as much “The New News” column for Street Fight. metrics in Facebook’s news feed — to inform from raw data in a January survey commissioned more trustworthy than Facebook, they aren’t as He is editorial director of hyperlocal news Democrats, Republicans and Independents by BuzzFeed. In its article on the survey, BuzzFeed nearly as reliable as newspapers – Web and print network Local America, and is also working alike, to protect democracy in crisis times. chose to focus on the low public trust of Facebook. — as news sources.) on a book about the history, present, and future It made only an off-hand reference to the high trust Newspapers aren’t exactly sitting on their of Charleston, S.C. in newspapers — both Web and print versions. hands at this hinge moment. They are finally 12 NewsBeat May/June 2017

By SEAN STROH Look Ahead: How Newspapers Can Partner With Wallit to Monetize Content modify and employ different payment and frequency subscription types — whether it be through single article sales or an all access annual subscription. “We’ve had great feedback. The ability to offer print or print plus digital subscriptions has existed, but we’ve really taken that next step,” Hunter said. “Our flexible system allows us to cater a program that fits the diverse needs of publishers selling their content. They control the product and the pricing, without any need for IT resources.” Recently, The Durango (Colo.) Herald worked with the company to give its online readers additional purchase options beyond a monthly or annual subscription. The partnership was part of a larger strategy by the newspaper intended to enhance their website and offer new ways to monetize its content. According to Hunter, Wallit has also here comes a time for some director of marketing. “We found that partnered with a few digital-only sites as well companies where, regardless of how familiarity with the subscription model as some niche publishers, business-to- long they’ve been operating, a fresh seemed to resonate more clearly with our business properties and magazines. T start is needed. Such was the case audience. However, our micropayment Additionally, the company hopes to begin with the technology company now known technology is still leveraged extensively working with more newspapers of all sizes. as Wallit. throughout the technology to offer diverse “The popularity of subscription services subscriptions.” After debuting as iMoneza in March of like Netflix, Spotify and Hulu really made 2015, Wallit (wallit.io) has not only Hunter says the new name better fits people comfortable with the idea of a digital changed its name, but shifted its primary what the company does best — offering a subscription. The Wallit technology steps focus from micropayments toward robust paywall technology to meet the ahead and allows publishers to offer a weekly, maximizing the power of subscriptions. needs of publishers and content creators, daily, monthly sports or nearly any and providing users a single account from combination that suits their needs,” Hunter “The rebrand was a result of an which they can purchase content from any said. “This product variety will help internal decision to change our focus and partner in the Wallit network. publishers reach a more diverse audience as we felt that a rebrand would be a one-size-fits-all monthly subscription might By using the Wallit platform, complimentary. It would provide the not be right for all users.” opportunity to re-introduce ourselves, so- publishers have the ability to easily to-speak,” said Tim Hunter, Wallit’s — Reprinted from Editor & Publisher May/June 2017 NewsBeat 13

By BRYAN BORZYKOWSKI Is a confidentiality agreement worth the paper it’s printed on?

mountain of paperwork to sign is par for the Remember The Defend Sue The Organization, Not The Person course when you start a new job, and one of the Trade Secrets Act Even if a former staffer breaks an agreement, an A most common documents you’ll find — and one April 2016 saw a new law enacted that organization may not want to go after him or her. Why? of the more important for employers — is the allows organizations to sue employees who reveal trade Because that person likely can’t pay damages. The confidentiality agreement. With business becoming secrets in federal courts rather than in state courts, as plaintiff can get them to stop sharing information, but that’s increasingly more competitive, protecting secrets, client they do now. If organizations choose to go to federal about it. In some cases, an organization can stop severance lists and other sensitive information is a must. court and they win, they can claim double the damages payments to an employee, but of course that works only if the However, just getting an employee to sign an and get the employee to cover attorney costs. person is still collecting checks. agreement doesn’t make it enforceable, said Ryan Vann, But organizations can do this only if they add It can be more effective to go after the former employee’s an employment and compensation partner at Baker specific whistleblower protection language into their new business. The new business can likely pay damages McKenzie, a Chicago-based law firm. Organizations confidentiality agreements. The wording organizations and will have to stop using the information it has gleaned. must make sure it contains the right language; then, if should use can simply be taken from 18 U.S. Code With that in mind, it’s a good idea for organizations to ask they believe an employee has breached it, they have 1833(b)(1) in the Defend Trade Secrets Act; the potential employees if they’ve signed a confidentiality to prove it, even as they ensure they’re not overreaching. text states that individuals bear no criminal or agreement and what it covers, Vann said. They should then All that is often easier said than done. civil responsibility if they reveal a trade secret related avoid any situations where that agreement could be broken. to the violation of a law. Don’t Protect Everything “If you don’t have that clause, then you can’t go Agreements Can Be Enforced Forever after additional fees,” said Vann. When drawing up a confidentiality agreement, Once a confidentiality agreement is signed, it’s executives need to think about what they want protected. enforceable for life. An employee can never reveal his or her Pay rates for senior executives, trade secrets, customer Prove The Problem former organization’s secrets. If the organization itself reveals contact information, the “special sauce” that makes an Organizations need to prove that what a former the secret — for example, by launching a product it has been organization tick — these things can be covered, but employee revealed was indeed confidential, said Keiser. working on for years in secrecy — then there may be nothing only if they pertain to the job of the employee who’s If they can prove that information was not for public left to keep confidential. signing the agreement, said Vann. consumption — let’s say it was password protected, Information may also not be protectable if it’s old, said Vann. Organizations may run into problems when they try stored out of public view or kept in a safe — they can Salary data, for instance, could be out of date within a year. to cover everything. If an agreement is too broad, a court say it was confidential material. There are often other, smaller items an organization could throw out the entire contract. “Companies often Executives may also have to prove that their should include in an agreement. It might stipulate, for take a one-agreement-fits-all approach, but that’s either business was harmed by having that confidential example, where potential legal action would be litigated unenforceable or, in some circumstances, unlawful,” information leaked. That might be harder to do, said and what would happen if the business were to be sold to Vann said. Keiser. A business could show that its competitor won a another entity. Businesses can potentially run into problems when new contract because of the disclosure, or that it had Whatever the details, generally, if organizations spell they don’t allow employees to discuss salaries with their some unfair competitive advantage. However, if it can’t out what they want protected, if their expectations aren’t co-workers. This is a usual practice for C-suite prove damages, it might not win the case. unreasonable and if they can prove the information was executives and senior staff, but adding it to an agreement It can be easier for an organization to sue for an confidential, they stand a good chance in court. for non-supervisory employees, which some injunction and try to halt whatever the other business is organizations do, could run counter to the National “There’s always different circumstances that come into doing. In this type of scenario, specific damages don’t play,” Keiser said, “but generally these are enforceable.” Labor Relations Act. have to be proven. “That’s where most of these cases In addition, businesses can’t protect every bit of go,” Vann said. “They go this route instead of actually information employees learn while under their employ, having to prove damages down the road.” For more information and for more articles like this, said Matt Keiser, a partner with Washington, D.C., law visit adp.com/spark. firm Kirkland & Ellis LLP. “Information has to be Bryan Borzykowski has written three books on personal nonpublic information that the employer actually takes finance. He also writes about businesses and technology. steps to keep confidential,” Keiser said. Bryan is on Twitter: @bborzyko. 14 NewsBeat May/June 2017

By JAMES WARREN Tiny, family-run newspaper wins Pulitzer Prize for taking on big business f you know Art Cullen, it’s not exactly But he cranked those out while Storm Lake is an 11,000-person, a surprise to learn his initial words functioning as a de facto city editor, immigrant-filled meatpacking town in upon watching the livestream of the part-time reporter and editorial writer. northwest Iowa. The winters can be I Pulitzer announcements and learning He lays out the main news pages and snowy and dreary. Politically, there are he’d won for editorial writing. used to run the press until printing many Trump supporters even though his was moved to Sheldon, Iowa, an “Holy shit,” he yelled out to his actions and declarations on immigration hour away. brother, John, the publisher of the remain a source of consternation. For family-run, 10-person Storm Lake “Journalism really matters, and example, 88 percent (Iowa) Times. good journalism is being done all of the elementary school kids are of color, around the country,” Cullen, 60, with 75 percent Latino, and a total of 21 The only surprise was that there said Monday. languages are spoken, Cullen said. wasn’t a longer string of un-family-like adjectives or adverbs. “Art has attacked local farmers, So he does his various jobs while lawyers, county supervisors, joined in the effort by John and his wife, Big-paper editorial writers, perhaps Monsanto, the Koch Brothers, Mary; his wife, Dolores, and their son, laboring in well-appointed individual agribusiness and the Republican Tom, who helped with reporting those offices in relative urban splendor, be Party — all icons in northwest Iowa,” winning editorials. And there’s his apprised: Writing editorials is merely says Richard Longworth, a retired and family’s dog, Mabel (or “Mabel the News one of a multiple daily duties of Art esteemed Chicago Tribune reporter Hound,” as he calls her), who hangs out Cullen, Monday’s Pulitzer Prize winner and foreign correspondent who has at the newspaper offices most of the time. for editorial writing. chronicled the changing Midwest Cullen is a passionate fellow who Sitting in an office he calls a “gray economy in recent years for the speaks candidly about how Storm Lake’s metal wreck,” he’s de facto city editor, Chicago Council on Global Affairs. immigrant workforce has been exploited part-time reporter and editorial writer at “He called Sen. (Charles) as cheap labor for the slaughter of hogs the twice-weekly, 3,000-circulation Grassley, an Iowa institution, and the manufacture of ethanol out of the Storm Lake, Iowa Times. ‘nothing more than a lapdog for the corn-rich environs. As he characterizes He won for editorials that confronted Republican establishment,’ and the the overriding economic reality: the state’s most powerful agricultural other Iowa senator, Joni Ernst, “So we ship in Mexicans to slaughter interests, which include the Koch ‘the only woman as vulgar as hogs because we’ve put them out of Brothers, Cargill and Monsanto, and Donald Trump,’” business with NAFTA and are shipping their secret funding of the government “Art’s Pulitzer is virtue everybody all our finished corn and pork, defense of a big environmental lawsuit. rewarded,” Longworth said. polluting the river in the process.” His “tenacious reporting, impressive “Sometimes the good guys really expertise and engaging writing” were The river at the center of his prize- do win.” quite self-evident if you’ve seen his labor winning entry is the Raccoon, which is a (which actually spanned two years, primary water source for Des Moines and though he won for last year’s efforts). part of an intense environmental fight. May/June 2017 NewsBeat 15

The Iowa Supreme Court has ruled in Cargill, Monsanto were all conspiring the confusion and fear that we’ve a big environmental lawsuit involving to fund the defense of the (Buena talked about in the Storm Lake Des Moines Water Works, a municipal Vista) county. area when it comes to immigration water utility serving 500,000 customers still the same? We found out they (elected in Des Moines and nearby counties. The officials) had met with Monsanto Things have calmed down. The court said the company couldn’t win executives and Koch executives. police chief (Mark Prosser) has calmed damages in a suit against three counties My son, Tom, did most of the things down. He arrives in his police over nitrate pollution in the Raccoon. reporting. And he tracked down how uniform at public forums and says, But for several years, Cullen has the Agribusiness Association of Iowa “We’re not arresting you just because been unrelenting and also assisted by was working with the Iowa Farm you are undocumented.” the struggling Iowa Freedom of Bureau to funnel the secret donations Information Council. Together, they to the country. A lot of editorial writers sit in very brought to light the secret donors We cried foul and worked with the nice offices in big-city buildings backing the counties’ defense. Iowa Freedom of Information Council. with lots of creature comforts. If It was all part of a post-Pulitzer They wrote several letters saying these you’re at a place like The New York Times or The Washington Post, announcement phone chat we had. were public records under Iowa law. bigshots come to you and there They wouldn’t release them, but they aren’t many problems in getting So, since you’re rather inclined to shut down the fund. It’s all a matter of calls returned. What’s it like for colorful language yourself, what transparency in government financing. you? the f--- was it like the moment you I sit with piles of newspapers around heard you won? How has being in a small place three-week-old page proofs, and people fueled your passion? Is it easier I was watching this livestream video can come in and start yelling at me. The on the Pulitzer site, and they went or harder when arguably there’s greater accountability since, office is a wreck. It’s a whole different through national reporting, local environment. reporting, etc., and then got to editorial well, you may run into people writing and said “Art Cullen,” and I whom you write about on the street? started screaming to my brother, “Holy What, at first blush, does this recognition say about the people shit, we won!” My brother, John, is the I lost some friends, but some like you, laboring in more isolated people don’t understand us, why we publisher and started the paper in 1990. environs, busting their asses to I started screaming and he thought I had would badger county supervisors so survive and believing as you do in gone nuts. that their sugar daddy went away. I journalism? said, “Because it wasn’t right.” We felt Journalism really matters, and What would you like to think are the public deserved to know who’s good journalism is being done all across the most important points you paying our bills. We did a lot of the country. made in the editorials? groundbreaking news reporting and my son (who’s 24) did most of the It’s all about transparency in the heavy lifting. Any final thoughts? funding of the environmental lawsuit (defense). We took on the state’s biggest Yes. Put in a plug for the Iowa agricultural players and said their We’ve spoken before about your Freedom of Information Council. donations should be made public. work on immigration, especially They are broke and have little support. right after President Trump’s The biggest players: the Koch brothers, controversial executive order. Is 16 NewsBeat May/June 2017

By RON CAUCCI Most reorganizations aren’t ambitious enough or many executives, the concept of Organize around competitive Focus on the seams. The vast majority of an predictable cadence to a business so that all of Some people’s jobs may become boring and Designing organizations for “super humans” never organization design is an oxymoron. They are advantage. Organizations must answer organization’s competitive muscle will reside the interconnecting gears are working in narrow, while other employees may find goes well. It has to be a design that can stand up in F so consumed by working in the organization critical questions of identity: What sets us across units, more so than within them. Great coordinated fashion and the strategy is being themselves juggling dozens of unrelated tasks. In the real world. That’s not an excuse to compromise, that they lack the patience to work on the apart? What are our markets? Who is our service sits at the intersection of sales, customer executed and monitored appropriately. Fail to other cases, organizations may bend the take an easy way out, or accept the mediocre talent organization. They don’t do the intricate, complex customer? It may sound obvious, but it’s service, and supply chain. Product innovation sits reform this, and your organization may simply necessary work of a role to fit the employee you have to work with. There has to be a balance. work of configuring their organization to execute astounding how often these questions go at the intersection of R&D, marketing, and retrench to silos and border wars, and fail to within that role, diluting what needs to be done To get further, design for your ideal state, and then strategy. Instead, they shift boxes on an organization unasked. Without critical self-reflection, business intelligence. Where these seams come achieve common goals. and settling for what can get done. adjust accordingly. chart, bolt on more resources that were lobbied for organizations build silos, bureaucracies, and together, work must be tightly linked to ensure Design clear, meaningful roles. It’s Roles should be designed as widely and Designing your optimal organization takes hard by a zealous executive, or cut costs across the cultures that impede rather than enable coordination is not encumbered by the boundaries common in organizations for people to respond largely as possible so that people are work, sacrifice, and significant trade-offs. They board. They focus on communicating messages performance. If your competitive advantage between groups. to the question, “So what do you do here?” with continually challenged and fulfilled. Stretching must be balanced against the realities and more inclusively or reassigning stronger leaders to is responsiveness or speed, the organization Repeatable core processes, technology and something like, “Well, there’s what my job people’s skills sustains a feeling of personal constraints of real life. But thoughtful design work troubled departments. must be built for that. If it’s quality and information sharing platforms, and cross- description says, and then there’s what I do growth and satisfaction. It also enables great pays great dividends and helps avoid the painful These are surface-level, counterfeit solutions, service, that’s a different configuration. A functional teams are all design options that help every day.” Jobs, like organizations, must be organizational breadth, something vital for when statistic of a failed reorg. and they do more harm than good. And yet when it narrowly defined set of critical choices is the create seamless linkages. Hierarchy, as an carefully crafted not around people’s people are ready for expanded leadership comes to reorganization, they’re the norm. foundation of good organization design. example, is simply a way to link vertically preferences or idiosyncrasies, but around responsibilities. Ron Carucci is co-founder and managing partner at According to one McKinsey study, the success rate Create boundaries between competitive integrated tasks. Sadly, it’s usually the only thing needed work and outcomes. With all of these approaches, remember to and necessary work. Competitive work — that changes when people just change the “org Navalent, working with CEOs and executives pursuing for organizational redesign efforts is less than 25%. The “mitosis” factor of organization growth build an organization that you can actually transformational change for their organizations, It’s much more common for reorg efforts run out of work that directly drives, or supports, the chart.” Creating roles that cross organizational usually has jobs “divide” the way cells do as implement. When you go to assign your talent leaders, and industries. He is the best-selling author of steam before completion or fail to yield ability to compete — must be organized for boundaries to coordinate with other parts of the humans form. Such mitosis is one of the worst base to your new design, if you are left with too eight books, including the recent Amazon #1 Rising to improvements once they’ve been implemented. effectiveness and mastery. This is the work organization is also a way to link work. Building ways to scale an organization. It creates both many people “to be determined,” you have built Power. Connect with him on Twitter at @RonCarucci These numbers reflect a fundamentally flawed you have to be better at than anyone else. effective linkages is one of the strongest ways to costly redundancies and soul-sapping jobs. a design that exceeds what you can implement. ensure organizational changes succeed. approach to thinking about systems. Organization On the other hand, necessary work — — Reprinted from the Harvard Business Review design is not a static, one-time event. It is an tasks that you have to do on par with anyone Distribute decision rights. How decision rights ongoing management discipline; as a living, else, or in compliance with regulatory are distributed through the organization can breathing organism, your organization must be requirements — should be organized for promote desirable behaviors and avoid negative continually refined and improved. maximum efficiency. Problems happen when ones. A good decision architecture helps clarify Intentional design can improve the health of the competitive and necessary work get too close, everyone’s expectations about what they are organization, position your team for success, and and the urgency of the everyday undermines accountable for. And most reorg efforts never make life better for everyone. Such design should the strategic work of remaining competitively touch it. It is foundational to how an organization Seeking Truth motivated by a desire to: focused. To prevent this from happening, works: It’s the set of authority structures, roles, create boundaries around geographies, and processes by which critical aspects of the “Those of us who dare tell stories for a living — • Realize the benefits of scale, bringing functions, customer segments, service or organization are managed. More than just meeting together people who perform similar work. business lines, or a combination of them (a cadences, it includes how strategy is set and true stories — often talk about our place in the tribe. Since we first scratched images on the rocks, we • Improve decision making by ensuring matrix). Again, those choices must be driven prioritized, how resources are allocated, and how information can move easily across by strategic requirements noted above. performance is measured. It includes the have been the scribes — the keepers of history. the organization. Solid boundaries foster smooth planning and building of P&Ls and budgets, We bear witness when others cannot. managing the portfolios of products, clients, and We ask the questions others will not. • Empower people by shaping behavior and coordination inside those groups. They also deepen expertise and enhance execution of a talent, and the long-term financial and strategy At our best, we are the guardians of truth — motivating them to perform and contribute as processes that plan for results. the organization requires. defined set of activities. The challenge with or at least its seekers.” any set of boundaries is that it creates the While overhauling all of this is a huge task, In my experience, the organizations that need for coordination between groups. it’s vital for making sure any reorg actually sticks. succeed at organization design tend to do five Without planning for how work will be The ability to execute clear decisions is the — Jacqui Banaszynski, writer, editor and journalism professor, things: coordinated and integrated, the grouping central activity of an organization design, the “Homage to a Storyteller: Eulogy for Alex Tizon” decisions become meaningless. activity from which the others all flow. It gives a May/June 2017 NewsBeat 17

By RON CAUCCI Most reorganizations aren’t ambitious enough or many executives, the concept of Organize around competitive Focus on the seams. The vast majority of an predictable cadence to a business so that all of Some people’s jobs may become boring and Designing organizations for “super humans” never organization design is an oxymoron. They are advantage. Organizations must answer organization’s competitive muscle will reside the interconnecting gears are working in narrow, while other employees may find goes well. It has to be a design that can stand up in F so consumed by working in the organization critical questions of identity: What sets us across units, more so than within them. Great coordinated fashion and the strategy is being themselves juggling dozens of unrelated tasks. In the real world. That’s not an excuse to compromise, that they lack the patience to work on the apart? What are our markets? Who is our service sits at the intersection of sales, customer executed and monitored appropriately. Fail to other cases, organizations may bend the take an easy way out, or accept the mediocre talent organization. They don’t do the intricate, complex customer? It may sound obvious, but it’s service, and supply chain. Product innovation sits reform this, and your organization may simply necessary work of a role to fit the employee you have to work with. There has to be a balance. work of configuring their organization to execute astounding how often these questions go at the intersection of R&D, marketing, and retrench to silos and border wars, and fail to within that role, diluting what needs to be done To get further, design for your ideal state, and then strategy. Instead, they shift boxes on an organization unasked. Without critical self-reflection, business intelligence. Where these seams come achieve common goals. and settling for what can get done. adjust accordingly. chart, bolt on more resources that were lobbied for organizations build silos, bureaucracies, and together, work must be tightly linked to ensure Design clear, meaningful roles. It’s Roles should be designed as widely and Designing your optimal organization takes hard by a zealous executive, or cut costs across the cultures that impede rather than enable coordination is not encumbered by the boundaries common in organizations for people to respond largely as possible so that people are work, sacrifice, and significant trade-offs. They board. They focus on communicating messages performance. If your competitive advantage between groups. to the question, “So what do you do here?” with continually challenged and fulfilled. Stretching must be balanced against the realities and more inclusively or reassigning stronger leaders to is responsiveness or speed, the organization Repeatable core processes, technology and something like, “Well, there’s what my job people’s skills sustains a feeling of personal constraints of real life. But thoughtful design work troubled departments. must be built for that. If it’s quality and information sharing platforms, and cross- description says, and then there’s what I do growth and satisfaction. It also enables great pays great dividends and helps avoid the painful These are surface-level, counterfeit solutions, service, that’s a different configuration. A functional teams are all design options that help every day.” Jobs, like organizations, must be organizational breadth, something vital for when statistic of a failed reorg. and they do more harm than good. And yet when it narrowly defined set of critical choices is the create seamless linkages. Hierarchy, as an carefully crafted not around people’s people are ready for expanded leadership comes to reorganization, they’re the norm. foundation of good organization design. example, is simply a way to link vertically preferences or idiosyncrasies, but around responsibilities. Ron Carucci is co-founder and managing partner at According to one McKinsey study, the success rate Create boundaries between competitive integrated tasks. Sadly, it’s usually the only thing needed work and outcomes. With all of these approaches, remember to and necessary work. Competitive work — that changes when people just change the “org Navalent, working with CEOs and executives pursuing for organizational redesign efforts is less than 25%. The “mitosis” factor of organization growth build an organization that you can actually transformational change for their organizations, It’s much more common for reorg efforts run out of work that directly drives, or supports, the chart.” Creating roles that cross organizational usually has jobs “divide” the way cells do as implement. When you go to assign your talent leaders, and industries. He is the best-selling author of steam before completion or fail to yield ability to compete — must be organized for boundaries to coordinate with other parts of the humans form. Such mitosis is one of the worst base to your new design, if you are left with too eight books, including the recent Amazon #1 Rising to improvements once they’ve been implemented. effectiveness and mastery. This is the work organization is also a way to link work. Building ways to scale an organization. It creates both many people “to be determined,” you have built Power. Connect with him on Twitter at @RonCarucci These numbers reflect a fundamentally flawed you have to be better at than anyone else. effective linkages is one of the strongest ways to costly redundancies and soul-sapping jobs. a design that exceeds what you can implement. ensure organizational changes succeed. approach to thinking about systems. Organization On the other hand, necessary work — — Reprinted from the Harvard Business Review design is not a static, one-time event. It is an tasks that you have to do on par with anyone Distribute decision rights. How decision rights ongoing management discipline; as a living, else, or in compliance with regulatory are distributed through the organization can breathing organism, your organization must be requirements — should be organized for promote desirable behaviors and avoid negative continually refined and improved. maximum efficiency. Problems happen when ones. A good decision architecture helps clarify Intentional design can improve the health of the competitive and necessary work get too close, everyone’s expectations about what they are organization, position your team for success, and and the urgency of the everyday undermines accountable for. And most reorg efforts never make life better for everyone. Such design should the strategic work of remaining competitively touch it. It is foundational to how an organization Seeking Truth motivated by a desire to: focused. To prevent this from happening, works: It’s the set of authority structures, roles, create boundaries around geographies, and processes by which critical aspects of the “Those of us who dare tell stories for a living — • Realize the benefits of scale, bringing functions, customer segments, service or organization are managed. More than just meeting together people who perform similar work. business lines, or a combination of them (a cadences, it includes how strategy is set and true stories — often talk about our place in the tribe. Since we first scratched images on the rocks, we • Improve decision making by ensuring matrix). Again, those choices must be driven prioritized, how resources are allocated, and how information can move easily across by strategic requirements noted above. performance is measured. It includes the have been the scribes — the keepers of history. the organization. Solid boundaries foster smooth planning and building of P&Ls and budgets, We bear witness when others cannot. managing the portfolios of products, clients, and We ask the questions others will not. • Empower people by shaping behavior and coordination inside those groups. They also deepen expertise and enhance execution of a talent, and the long-term financial and strategy At our best, we are the guardians of truth — motivating them to perform and contribute as processes that plan for results. the organization requires. defined set of activities. The challenge with or at least its seekers.” any set of boundaries is that it creates the While overhauling all of this is a huge task, In my experience, the organizations that need for coordination between groups. it’s vital for making sure any reorg actually sticks. succeed at organization design tend to do five Without planning for how work will be The ability to execute clear decisions is the — Jacqui Banaszynski, writer, editor and journalism professor, things: coordinated and integrated, the grouping central activity of an organization design, the “Homage to a Storyteller: Eulogy for Alex Tizon” decisions become meaningless. activity from which the others all flow. It gives a 18 NewsBeat May/June 2017

By MATTHEW GREEN

Secure computing for journalists WhyPHOTO use OF iOS?AN OLD DATSUN AD BY JOHN LLOYD USED UNDERA few AAndroid CREATIVE phones COMMONS also offer LICENSE. similar All I am telling you to do is to be The fact of the matter is that when it features as well. However, it’s unclear hot thoughtful. If you’re working on something Buzzfeed editor Miriam Elder asks the following question: comes to addressing these remaining issues, well these are implemented in contrast to the sensitive, consider moving the majority of Possibly stupid question: is the Signal desktop client as secure as the mobile app? Apple phone operating systems (on iPhones Apple’s SEP. It’s not a bet I would choose that work (and communications) to a secure and iPads) simply have a better track record. to take. device until you’re ready to share it. This — Miriam Elder (@MiriamElder) may be a bit of a hassle, but it doesn’t have to Since Apple is the only manufacturer of be your whole life. And since most of us iOS devices, there is no “middleman” when it So does using iOS mean I’m already carry some sort of phone or tablet in comes to monitoring for iOS issues and perfectly safe? addition to our regular work computer, o, this is not a stupid question. Actually You can’t tell journalists “just don’t open I do some of those things deploying iOS security updates. This means hopefully this won’t require too much of a it’s an extremely important question, attachments.” They will ignore you. Journos on my phone as well. Of course not. Unfortunately, computer that the buck stops at Apple — rather than security today is about resisting attacks. We change in your life. and judging by some of the responses to open attachments from strangers for a living. Why is a phone better? with some third-party equipment manufacturer. this Tweet there are a lot of other people still don’t quite know how to prevent them You can still use your normal computer N — Eva (@evacide) Classical (desktop and laptop) operating Indeed, Apple routinely patches its operating altogether. who are confused about the answer. systems were designed primarily to support systems and pushes the patches to all just fine, as long as you’re aware of the Since I couldn’t find a perfect layperson’s application developers. This means they offer a lot supported users — sometimes within hours of Indeed, well-funded attackers like relative risks. That’s all I’m trying to reference anywhere else, I’m going to devote Now I’m not trying to shame you for this. of power to your applications. An application like learning of a vulnerability (something that is governments are still capable of compromising accomplish with this post. this post to providing the world’s simplest It’s perfectly normal, and indeed it’s necessary Microsoft Word can typically read and write all the realiatively tare at this point in any case). your iOS device (and your Android, and your if you want to get things done. But in the PC or Mac). Literally the only question is how explanation of why, in the threat model of your files available to your account. If Word becomes Of course, to be fair: Google has also In conclusion parlance of security professionals, it also much they’ll have to spend doing it. typical journalist, your desktop machine isn’t compromised, this is usually enough to hurt you. become fairly decent at supporting its own very safe. And specifically, why you’re safer means you have a huge attack surface. And in many cases, these applications have Here’s one data point. Last year a human I expect that many technical people will Android devices. However, to get find this post objectionable, largely because using a modern mobile device — and In English, this means that from the components with root (or Administrator) access, rights activist in the UAE was targeteted via a assurance from this process you need to be they assume that with their expertise and care particularly, an iOS device — than just about perspective of an attacker there are many which makes them even more dangerous. powerful zero day exploit, likely by his running a relatively brand new device and it they can make a desktop operating system any other platform. different avenues to compromise your government. However, he was careful. Modern phone operating systems like Android needs to be manufactured by Google. Otherwise work perfectly safely. And maybe they can! machine. Many of these aren’t even that Instead of clicking the link he was sent, the A brief caveat: I’m a cryptographer, and iOS were built on a different principle. Rather you’re liable to be several days or weeks But that’s not who this post is addressed to. not a software security researcher. However, sophisticated. Often it’s just a matter of than trusting apps with much power, each app runs behind the time when a security issue is activist sent it to the engineers at Citizenlab I’ve spent the past several years interacting catching you during an unguarded in a “sandbox” that (mainly) limits it to accessing discovered and patched — if you ever get it. who reverse-engineered the exploit. The And of course, this post still only with folks like Charlie and Dan and Thomas. moment and convincing you to download an its own files. If the sandbox works, even a And Google still does not support all of the resulting 35-page technical report by Lookout scratches the surface of the problem. I’m pretty confident that they agree with executable file or an infected Office document. malicious application shouldn’t be able to reach features Apple does, including in-memory Security and Citizenlab is a thing of terrifying There’s still the problem of selecting the right this advice. A compromised machine means that every out to touch other apps’ files or permanently code signing and strong file encrypton. beauty: it describes a chain of no less applications for secure messaging (e.g., piece of software on that machine is also modify your system. This approach — combined than three previously unpublished software Signal and WhatsApp) and finding a good Apple also seems to do a relatively decent exploits, which together would have led to the What’s wrong with my vulnerable. with other protections such as in-memory code secure application for notetaking and job at curating its App Store, at least as complete compromise of the victim’s iPhone. document collaboration and so on. laptop/desktop machine? If you don’t believe this works, head over signing, hardware secret storage and routing use of compared to Google. And because those apps anti-exploitation measures — makes your system But such compromises don’t come cheap. Sadly, most of the problem is you. to Google and search for “Remote Access support a more modern base of phones, they But hopefully this post at least starts Trojans”. There’s an entire commercial market vastly harder to compromise. tend to have access to better security features, It’s easy to see this kind of attack costing a the discussion. If you’re like most journalists — and for these products, each of which allows you to Of course, sandboxing isn’t perfect. whereas Android apps more routinely get million dollars or more. This is probably orders really, most professionals — you spend less remotely control someone else’s computer. A compromised or malicious app can caught doing dumb stuff for backwards of magnitude more than it would cost to than 100% of your time thinking about These off-the-shelf products aren’t very always access its own files. More sophisticated compatibility reasons. compromise the typical desktop user. That’s MATTHEW GREEN — security. You need to get work done. sophisticated: indeed, most require you important. Not perfect, but important. exploits can “break out” of the sandbox, typically Finally, every recent Apple device When you’re procrastinating from to trick your victim into downloading and by exploiting a vulnerability in the operating (starting with the iPhone 5S and up) also I’m a cryptographer and professor at work, you visit funny sites your friends link running some executable attachment. Sadly, system. Such vulnerabilities are routinely includes a specialized chip known as a Johns Hopkins University. I’ve designed you to on Facebook. Then you check this works on most people just fine. And this You’re telling me I have to give discovered and occasionally exploited. “Secure Enclave Processor”, this hardened and analyzed cryptographic systems your email. If you’re a normal and productive is just the retail stuff. Imagine what a up my desktop machine? The defense to this is twofold: (1) first, run a processor assists in securing the boot chain — used in wireless networks, payment systems user, you probably do a combination of all modestly sophisticated attacker can do. Not at all. Or rather, while I’d love to these things every few minutes, all of which modern, up-to-date OS that receives security ensuring that nobody can tamper with your and digital content protection platforms. patches quickly. And (2) avoid downloading operating system. It can also protect sensitive tell you that, I understand this may not be In my research I look at the various ways culminates in your downloading some email realistic for most users. attachment and (shudder) opening it in Word. malicious apps. Which brings me to the main values like your passwords, ensuring that only cryptography can be used to promote point of this post. a password or fingerprint can access them. user privacy. May/June 2017 NewsBeat 19

By MATTHEW GREEN

Secure computing for journalists WhyPHOTO use OF iOS?AN OLD DATSUN AD BY JOHN LLOYD USED UNDERA few AAndroid CREATIVE phones COMMONS also offer LICENSE. similar All I am telling you to do is to be The fact of the matter is that when it features as well. However, it’s unclear hot thoughtful. If you’re working on something Buzzfeed editor Miriam Elder asks the following question: comes to addressing these remaining issues, well these are implemented in contrast to the sensitive, consider moving the majority of Possibly stupid question: is the Signal desktop client as secure as the mobile app? Apple phone operating systems (on iPhones Apple’s SEP. It’s not a bet I would choose that work (and communications) to a secure and iPads) simply have a better track record. to take. device until you’re ready to share it. This — Miriam Elder (@MiriamElder) may be a bit of a hassle, but it doesn’t have to Since Apple is the only manufacturer of be your whole life. And since most of us iOS devices, there is no “middleman” when it So does using iOS mean I’m already carry some sort of phone or tablet in comes to monitoring for iOS issues and perfectly safe? addition to our regular work computer, o, this is not a stupid question. Actually You can’t tell journalists “just don’t open I do some of those things deploying iOS security updates. This means hopefully this won’t require too much of a it’s an extremely important question, attachments.” They will ignore you. Journos on my phone as well. Of course not. Unfortunately, computer that the buck stops at Apple — rather than security today is about resisting attacks. We change in your life. and judging by some of the responses to open attachments from strangers for a living. Why is a phone better? with some third-party equipment manufacturer. this Tweet there are a lot of other people still don’t quite know how to prevent them You can still use your normal computer N — Eva (@evacide) Classical (desktop and laptop) operating Indeed, Apple routinely patches its operating altogether. who are confused about the answer. systems were designed primarily to support systems and pushes the patches to all just fine, as long as you’re aware of the Since I couldn’t find a perfect layperson’s application developers. This means they offer a lot supported users — sometimes within hours of Indeed, well-funded attackers like relative risks. That’s all I’m trying to reference anywhere else, I’m going to devote Now I’m not trying to shame you for this. of power to your applications. An application like learning of a vulnerability (something that is governments are still capable of compromising accomplish with this post. this post to providing the world’s simplest It’s perfectly normal, and indeed it’s necessary Microsoft Word can typically read and write all the realiatively tare at this point in any case). your iOS device (and your Android, and your if you want to get things done. But in the PC or Mac). Literally the only question is how explanation of why, in the threat model of your files available to your account. If Word becomes Of course, to be fair: Google has also In conclusion parlance of security professionals, it also much they’ll have to spend doing it. typical journalist, your desktop machine isn’t compromised, this is usually enough to hurt you. become fairly decent at supporting its own very safe. And specifically, why you’re safer means you have a huge attack surface. And in many cases, these applications have Here’s one data point. Last year a human I expect that many technical people will Android devices. However, to get find this post objectionable, largely because using a modern mobile device — and In English, this means that from the components with root (or Administrator) access, rights activist in the UAE was targeteted via a assurance from this process you need to be they assume that with their expertise and care particularly, an iOS device — than just about perspective of an attacker there are many which makes them even more dangerous. powerful zero day exploit, likely by his running a relatively brand new device and it they can make a desktop operating system any other platform. different avenues to compromise your government. However, he was careful. Modern phone operating systems like Android needs to be manufactured by Google. Otherwise work perfectly safely. And maybe they can! machine. Many of these aren’t even that Instead of clicking the link he was sent, the A brief caveat: I’m a cryptographer, and iOS were built on a different principle. Rather you’re liable to be several days or weeks But that’s not who this post is addressed to. not a software security researcher. However, sophisticated. Often it’s just a matter of than trusting apps with much power, each app runs behind the time when a security issue is activist sent it to the engineers at Citizenlab I’ve spent the past several years interacting catching you during an unguarded in a “sandbox” that (mainly) limits it to accessing discovered and patched — if you ever get it. who reverse-engineered the exploit. The And of course, this post still only with folks like Charlie and Dan and Thomas. moment and convincing you to download an its own files. If the sandbox works, even a And Google still does not support all of the resulting 35-page technical report by Lookout scratches the surface of the problem. I’m pretty confident that they agree with executable file or an infected Office document. malicious application shouldn’t be able to reach features Apple does, including in-memory Security and Citizenlab is a thing of terrifying There’s still the problem of selecting the right this advice. A compromised machine means that every out to touch other apps’ files or permanently code signing and strong file encrypton. beauty: it describes a chain of no less applications for secure messaging (e.g., piece of software on that machine is also modify your system. This approach — combined than three previously unpublished software Signal and WhatsApp) and finding a good Apple also seems to do a relatively decent exploits, which together would have led to the What’s wrong with my vulnerable. with other protections such as in-memory code secure application for notetaking and job at curating its App Store, at least as complete compromise of the victim’s iPhone. document collaboration and so on. laptop/desktop machine? If you don’t believe this works, head over signing, hardware secret storage and routing use of compared to Google. And because those apps anti-exploitation measures — makes your system But such compromises don’t come cheap. Sadly, most of the problem is you. to Google and search for “Remote Access support a more modern base of phones, they But hopefully this post at least starts Trojans”. There’s an entire commercial market vastly harder to compromise. tend to have access to better security features, It’s easy to see this kind of attack costing a the discussion. If you’re like most journalists — and for these products, each of which allows you to Of course, sandboxing isn’t perfect. whereas Android apps more routinely get million dollars or more. This is probably orders really, most professionals — you spend less remotely control someone else’s computer. A compromised or malicious app can caught doing dumb stuff for backwards of magnitude more than it would cost to than 100% of your time thinking about These off-the-shelf products aren’t very always access its own files. More sophisticated compatibility reasons. compromise the typical desktop user. That’s MATTHEW GREEN — security. You need to get work done. sophisticated: indeed, most require you important. Not perfect, but important. exploits can “break out” of the sandbox, typically Finally, every recent Apple device When you’re procrastinating from to trick your victim into downloading and by exploiting a vulnerability in the operating (starting with the iPhone 5S and up) also I’m a cryptographer and professor at work, you visit funny sites your friends link running some executable attachment. Sadly, system. Such vulnerabilities are routinely includes a specialized chip known as a Johns Hopkins University. I’ve designed you to on Facebook. Then you check this works on most people just fine. And this You’re telling me I have to give discovered and occasionally exploited. “Secure Enclave Processor”, this hardened and analyzed cryptographic systems your email. If you’re a normal and productive is just the retail stuff. Imagine what a up my desktop machine? The defense to this is twofold: (1) first, run a processor assists in securing the boot chain — used in wireless networks, payment systems user, you probably do a combination of all modestly sophisticated attacker can do. Not at all. Or rather, while I’d love to these things every few minutes, all of which modern, up-to-date OS that receives security ensuring that nobody can tamper with your and digital content protection platforms. patches quickly. And (2) avoid downloading operating system. It can also protect sensitive tell you that, I understand this may not be In my research I look at the various ways culminates in your downloading some email realistic for most users. attachment and (shudder) opening it in Word. malicious apps. Which brings me to the main values like your passwords, ensuring that only cryptography can be used to promote point of this post. a password or fingerprint can access them. user privacy. 20 NewsBeat May/June 2017

By CLARA LLAMAS How algoriths enhance bias and work against media literacy are just for them”. However, the mechanics of micro-targeting are contrary to the information needs of informed citizens, who need to see all the views - not just the ones they like. “There’s a missing link back to the society we live in–a tension that need exist to provide context”, Pybus observes. The example helps illustrate the titanic ethical challenges in media service design. In a sense, both the “Leave.EU” and “Make America Great Again!” campaigns were service experiences. Both campaigns made innovative use of data-driven psychometric micro-targeting to find “hot- button topics that got people mad enough to get out the door and vote”, in the words of professor and award-winning data-journalist Jonathan Albright. He calls this “the new data-industrial complex” and points to how a deft combination of available technologies, platforms and strategic data mining were deployed to galvanize users (in this case, passive voters). rofessor Jennifer Pybus, a senior we expect them to.” Secondly, how do we lecturer at the London College of develop the critical thinking to understand Communication, studies the the innards of our algorithmic digital life? Video Killed the Radio Star — by awesome service design P political economy and Maybe Spotify highlighting music that architecture of third party applications. conforms our general tastes is harmless: Of late, a trove of experience-guided In her view, one of media’s main Discover Weekly, Related Artists and digital services have been deployed inside challenges can be found in the Recommended Songs all fill this user and outside media organizations to address algorithmic literacy of its users: need–but in the news ecosystem, the same some of the industry’s specific risks. “People don’t necessarily want to be algorithm might enhance our confirmation AllSides curates center, right and left challenged. If they see something that bias and work against core creeds of perspectives in a visually compelling way confirms their ideological position, they media literacy. to expose bias and provide multiple angles feel more comfortable.” on the same story. BuzzFeed’s “Outside Producers of media services face a What do Leave.EU, #MAGA and Your Bubble” allows users to see what double challenge: first, their users conversion rate have common? people outside their social networks are should be aware of the flaws inherent in saying about a news item — although algorithms which are made by humans, In the “transition from mass to micro not everyone’s on board; the app may include their biases and, in the media”, as Pybus describes the ReadAcrossTheAisle presents a color-coded words of Vint Cerf, co-inventor of the digitization journey of advertising, newsfeed that goes from moderate to partisan. internet protocol, “may not work exactly consumers benefit from micro-targeting At the bottom of the app you see a dial the way they were intended or the way and “appreciate being served only ads that indicating in which part of the spectrum your daily news diet falls. Then, much like a May/June 2017 NewsBeat 21

sports app, as the days goes by, it suggests leading to indefinite continuation and a Delivering consistently good you “escape your bubble”, offering news digital edition. experiences on every channel is key–as that will give you a more balanced view. this consistency aligns the customer Syrua Deeply — part of new media experience to their perception of the What can media take from the service brand. Service design does this by taking a company News Deeply–explores new designer’s toolkit? models of storytelling around a global multidisciplinary approach that enables crisis. The media service founded by Service design offers an ambidextrous organizations to enhance strategies and journalist Lara Setrakian, is underpinned approach to improve or innovate service operations. By building back-office by three deeply service-oriented insights: experiences. It has become more relevant activities focused on service experience citizens need news built on deep domain as more of the products we consume exist excellence, it prepares organizations to knowledge; media needs a Hippocratic across channels in ways that are invisible prioritize on this above all other issues. Oath, a pledge to do no harm, so it can to consumers. Digitization and an omni- The above selection shows how a focus continue to fulfil its role as a public channel presence have accelerated on service design may help bring about service; and it needs to “embrace this process — by allowing users to innovative media experiences. Their complexity”, as this is the truest communicate through their preferred common virtues rest on the focus on representation of the world. medium, crossing from one touch point implicit and explicit needs of news to the next while expecting seamless consumers. Media organizations can As Setrakian explains in this experiences everywhere. TEDNYC talk, “simple isn’t accurate and explore how aligning their strategies and news is adult education.” Other user- Service design “combines customer operations to embrace service design centric initiatives include Archant’s print experience, operational model design and principles will help them deliver newspaper The New European, launched design thinking methodologies as tools. It innovative and sustainable services. two weeks after Brexit and focused on the considers the end to end service journey 48 percent of voters who did not support across all channels and touchpoints not — Reprinted from “theMediaBriefing” it. It was intended as a pop-up with a four only from a customer, but also from an week life. However, it has performed well, organizational perspective”, as described by Jani Modig of Deloitte. 22 NewsBeat May/June 2017 MEMBER NEWS May/June 2017 NewsBeat 23 CLIP & SAVE Schneps Communications Mark your calendar Friday, June 9, 2017 NYPA/NYPS Board of Directors Meetings buys Long Island Press NYPA Foundation Board of Directors Meeting Straus News, 333 Seventh Ave. (6th flr.), NYC Victoria Schneps-Yunis founded Schneps Communications in 1985, launching the weekly Queens Courier from her living room. Josh joined the company in 2001, and in 2011 the company began its expansion into Brooklyn. The company now includes 15 newspapers and magazines, websites, and an events business. Long Island Press was a print newspaper for more than 10 years, converting Thursday, September 14, 2017 to digital-only in 2014. The news site boasts NYPA/NYPS Boards of Directors Meetings other and son business partners NYPA Foundation Board of Directors Meeting an award-winning editorial staff, two of which The Westin Buffalo, Buffalo, NY Victoria Schneps-Yunis and Joshua will remain with Morey Publishing. Managing Schneps purchased Long Island editor Timothy Bolger will become editor in Friday & Saturday, MPress from Morey Publishing, chief of the news site. The Schneps’ have not September 15 & 16, 2017 in April. NYPA Fall Conference ruled out reviving the print product. The Westin Buffalo, Buffalo, NY

Friday, November 17, 2017 NYPA/NYPS Board of Directors Meetings NYPA Foundation Board of Directors Meeting Welcome New Members Straus News, 333 Seventh Ave. (6th flr.), NYC Tuesday, January 9, 2018 NYPA Better Newspaper Contest Deadline he Mountain Eagle and Schoharie MidHudsonNews.com, a digital news News was accepted for membership site published by Statewide News Network, in NYPA at the April board of Inc as accepted for membership at the April T directors meeting. The newspaper is board meeting. Hank Gross is the publisher distributed in Schoharie County and portions of the site, which covers Rockland, Putnam, of Delaware and Greene counties. It is Dutchess, Columbia, Ulster, Sullivan and published by Matthew Avitable, Mayor of Orange counties. the Village of Middleburgh in Schoharie GreaterLongIsland.com, comprising County. The newspaper will maintain offices two digital news sites published by in Stamford and Schoharie. The Mountain Thursday, April 12, 2018 Michael White, were accepted for NYPA/NYPS Boards of Directors Meetings Eagle was owned by Johnson Newspaper membership at the April board meeting. Corporation’s Columbia Greene Media for NYPA Foundation Board of Directors Meeting The sites, greaterpatchogue.com and Gideon Putnam Hotel, Saratoga Springs, NY 16 years prior to the sale. The newspaper is greaterbayshore.com cover those communities printed by the Daily Gazette, Schenectady. and the surrounding communities. Friday & Saturday, April 13 & 14, 2018 NYPA Spring Convention and Tradeshow Gideon Putnam Hotel, Saratoga Springs, NY A NEWSLETTER FOR NEW YORK’S COMMUNITY NEWSPAPERS Published by the New York Press Association 621 Columbia Street Ext., Suite 100, Cohoes, NY 12047 NewsBeat 518.464.6483 • 518.464.6489 fax • www.nynewspapers.com NYPA Executive Editor — Michelle K. Rea Layout & Design — Rich Hotaling MARK YOUR CALENDARS NYPA Fall Publishers’ and Editors’ Conference September 15th and 16th at The Westin Buffalo www.nynewspapers.com Cohoes, NY 12047 Ext., Suite 100 621 Columbia Street This issue of ‘NewBeat’ was printed by Association Press York New P A