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Texas Guide for Controlling Insects on Commercial Vegetable Crops

Texas Guide for Controlling Insects on Commercial Vegetable Crops

E-210

Texas Guide for Controlling Insects on Commercial Vegetable Crops

Texas Agricultural Extension Service ¥ Zerle L. Carpenter, Director ¥ The Texas A&M University System ¥ College Station, Texas Table of Contents

Page Selecting a ...... 3 Using this Guide...... 3 pH Effects of Spray Water...... 4 Biological Control ...... 4 Microbial ...... 4 Cultural Control ...... 5 Resistance Management...... 5 Protecting Bees from Insecticides ...... 5 Pesticide Safety...... 5 Endangered Species Regulations ...... 5 Policy Statement for Making Pest Management Suggestions ...... 6 Symbols and Abbreviations Used in Table 2...... 6 Table 1. Product Information ...... 7 Table 2. Products for Insect and Mite Control (Listed by Crop) ...... 9 Beans (Dry and Snap) ...... 9 Beets (Table) ...... 10 Carrots...... 10 Celery ...... 11 Cantaloupes, Honeydews, Cucumbers & Watermelons ...... 12 Cole Crops (Broccoli, Cauliflower and Cabbage) ...... 13 Eggplant...... 14 Kale and Collards ...... 15 Lettuce (Head) ...... 16 Mustard and Turnips (Greens and Roots ) ...... 17 Okra...... 18 Onions...... 18 Peas (Dry & Green)...... 19 Peppers ...... 20 Potatoes (Irish) ...... 21 Pumpkins and other Winter Squash ...... 22 Radishes...... 23 Spinach ...... 23 Squash (Summer) ...... 24 Sweet Corn ...... 25 Sweet Potatoes ...... 26 Tomatoes ...... 27 Table 3. Products with general vegetable labels ...... 28 Table 4. Pre-harvest intervals ...... 29 Texas Guide for Ccontrolling Insects on Commercial Vegetable Crops

Alton N. Sparks, Jr. Extension Entomologist The Texas A&M University System

The commercial vegetable market has low tolerances ■ Cost per acre, factoring in the number of applica- for insect and mite damage on edible foods. Such damage tions required to achieve control as well as the can reduce the yield and quality of produce. Sometimes a potential for pest resurgence and associated costs; crop is rejected at market because of even small amounts ■ Potential hazards to the applicator, mixer, farm work- of damage, cosmetic blemishes or the presence of insect ers and the environment; signal words on product parts. Another reason to control insect pests is that some labels indicate the hazards to humans; the label also of them are vectors of plant diseases, particularly viruses. describes environmental hazards; To meet stringent market requirements for vegetables, ■ Use restrictions, including re-entry intervals, pre-har- it is sometimes necessary to control insects before the vest intervals, number of allowable applications, time crop is actually damaged. Therefore, pests must be detect- required between applications, and restrictions on ed early, as they enter a field. Vegetable crops should be mixing with other products. inspected for insect pests two or three times per week to determine when to begin insecticide treatment and to properly time subsequent applications. Insecticide appli- cations made too early may not provide the protection Using this Guide needed, while those made too late will not prevent crop damage.When pest problems are predictable because they occur every year, applying systemic insecticides, or spray- his publication lists the insecticides and acaricides ing at susceptible crop stages, may be justified as a preven- Tregistered for control of selected pests of commer- tive measure. cial, field-grown vegetable crops (home vegetable garden- ers should refer to B-1300, “Managing Insect and Mite Pests in Vegetable Gardens”). It is written for comparison Selecting a Pesticide and educational purposes only, and is not intended to be a complete manual.This list of insecticides was compiled from the most recent product labels available at pesticide should be chosen with knowledge of the the time of publication. The inclusion of an insecticide in Aspecific pest problems and crop conditions. There this listing does not guarantee its effectiveness against a is often more than one pesticide that will control a partic- particular pest; it simply signifies that the pest is listed on ular pest. In selecting a pesticide, consider: the product’s label. The registered rate(s) for in multiple crop listings (e.g., cole crops) and multiple pest ■ Product efficacy or effectiveness against the target listings (e.g., cutworms), or with more than one formula- pest, as well as impact on other pests in the field; tion, may vary with the specific crop-pest-formulation combination. Furthermore, the crops included on the ■ Chemical class or mode of action; rotating among label can vary with formulation and/or trade names. pesticide classes with different modes of action may Therefore, THE PRODUCT LABEL MUST BE CONSULTED help delay insecticide resistance in the pest; BEFORE USE. ■ Target specificity and hazard to beneficials and Also, when using products with a special local need other non-target organisms; broad spectrum insecti- (24C) registration or specific exemption (Section 18 - not cides generally provide only temporary protection listed in this publication), a copy of the label must be in and generally are more apt to harm non-target organ- the possession of the user at the time of application. isms; Where there is sufficient research, products that have ■ Application frequency needed or amount of residual proved efficacious against selected pests are indicated by control provided; broad spectrum insecticides that an asterisk following the rates labelled for that pest.These kill beneficial organisms can cause the resurgence of ratings are based on field tests conducted by Texas A&M primary and secondary pests and make frequent University research and Extension faculty. Local condi- insecticide application necessary; tions, pest pressure and pest species (for multiple pest list-

3 ings - e.g., aphids) may cause actual performance to vary. Classical biological control is the importation of natural It is always important to monitor the performance of any enemies into areas where they do not occur. Importation pesticide. The lack of a rating in this guide does not imply has been most effective where an exotic pest has entered that a product is not efficacious, but that there is no Texas without the natural enemies that control it in its experimental data on the particular pest or crop. native range. Conservation of natural enemies is generally achieved by avoiding the use of insecticides until they are needed to prevent the development of economically dam- pH effects of Spray Water aging pest infestations. The impact of insecticides also can be minimized by using products that are more toxic to the target pest than to natural enemies. ater throughout much of Texas is alkaline, with Augmentation usually involves the purchase and release WpH readings ranging from 7.8 to 8.2. Use of high of natural enemies that do not naturally occur in sufficient pH water (particularly above 8.0) for pesticide applica- numbers to provide pest control. Natural enemies sold for tions may affect the performance of many pesticides, par- pest control in vegetables include predators (green ticularly and . Certain pesti- lacewings and lady beetles) and parasites (primarily nema- cides degrade more rapidly at higher pH, especially at tem- todes and wasp parasites of caterpillars and eggs). peratures higher than 95 degrees F. Little information is Suggestions for the proper use rates, timing and methods available on the degradation rate of specific pesticides in of release to obtain cost-effective control with any of high pH water; some pesticides are relatively unaffected. these predators or parasites have yet to be developed by It is a good idea to check pH levels regularly with a pH researchers, but may be available from companies selling meter, and add a suitable acid buffer to spray water when and supporting the use of their products. needed. When tank mixes of more than one pesticide are used, or when fertilizer is combined with a pesticide, the final Microbial Insecticides spray solution should be checked to determine pH. Alkaline sprays should be buffered to a pH of approxi- mately 7.0. However, even in a properly buffered solution, here are a number of microbial products containing sprays should be applied as soon as possible to reduce Tpathogens such as bacteria, fungi or viruses avail- possible chemical degradation. able for controlling pests. Most commercially available products are targeted at caterpillars and contain prepara- tions of the bacterium (B.t.).These Biological Control vary in their spectrum of activity. There is one B.t. prod- uct for controlling beetles. Other microbials containing fungi or viruses are listed in Table 3. nsect and mite infestations are often held below dam- In general, microbials control a single species or small Iaging levels by weather, inadequate food, and natural group of related pests and do not destroy beneficial enemies such as predators, parasites and pathogens. It is arthropods (predators and parasites), a characteristic that important to recognize the impact of these natural control sets them apart from most conventional insecticides. An factors and, where possible, to encourage them. Biological exception is the fungal pathogen Beauvaria bassiana, control is the use of living organisms (parasites, predators which controls more pests than most microbial insecti- and pathogens) to control pests. This approach does not cides, and also kills beneficial organisms. Even so, it pro- present the human health and environmental concerns tects beneficials better than most broad spectrum insecti- associated with some chemical pesticides. Important nat- cides. In addition to their selectivity, most microbial prod- ural enemies of insect and mite pests attacking vegetables ucts are exempt from residue tolerances, which allows include lady beetles, green lacewings, syrphid fly larvae, greater flexibility in re-entry and pre-harvest intervals than spiders, several insect pathogens and a variety of tiny with most insecticides. They are cleared for use on nearly wasps that parasitize the eggs, larvae and pupae of many all vegetable crops. vegetable pests. Microbial insecticides can be extremely effective Biological control generally is most effective when used against several pest species, but they must be applied cor- with other compatible control practices in an integrated rectly to be successful. Most perform much better when pest management (IPM) program. These practices include applied before the pests become too numerous or too cultural controls, planting resistant host plants, monitoring large. Therefore, monitoring pest populations and devel- pests, and selectively using insecticides. The Texas A&M opmental stages is essential to the proper timing of appli- University System is committed to developing and encour- cations. Also, most microbial insecticides must be ingest- aging the use of pest management practices which use ed by or come in direct contact with pests, and perform biological control. much better with thorough coverage of the crop. Many of their labels specify the use of higher spray volumes. Biological control practices include the importation, Because even similar microbial insecticides (e.g., B.t. prod- conservation and augmentation of natural enemies. ucts) differ in use rates, target pests, activity ranges and

4 application requirements, the product’s label must be con- broccoli, onion and radish. Where bees are required for sulted before use. flower fertilization, the producer, insecticide applicator and beekeeper should cooperater closely to minimize bee losses and maximize pollination. Cultural Control The following guidelines should reduce bee losses: 1. Apply insecticides, if practical, before bees are ultural controls reduce insect pest problems by moved into fields or adjacent crops for pollination. Cmaking conditions less favorable to pests. Common When bees are in the vicinity, evening applications cultural practices that can affect pest problems include after bees have left the field are less hazardous than variety selection, planting date, crop sequencing, crop early morning applications. residue destruction and sanitation. Crop damage often 2. Where insecticides are needed, consider their toxic- can be prevented or reduced by planting resistant vari- ity and time applications to minimize contact with eties or planting on a date that will allow the crop to foraging bees. Bees do not forage at night. “Highly escape peak pest populations. Removing a pest’s alternate toxic” insecticides should be applied only in late hosts before a crop is planted, and avoiding sequential evening to delay possible contact with bees until plantings of crops susceptible to the same pests, can delay the next morning. “Moderately toxic” or “Relatively or reduce pest infestations. Also, crop residues and culls non-toxic” insecticides should be applied in late should be destroyed to eliminate potential breeding sites evening or early morning to prevent direct spraying for pests. of foraging bees. For more information on the haz- ards of insecticides to honey bees, refer to Table 1. 3. To prevent heavy losses of bees, don’t spray any Insecticide Resistance Management insecticide directly on colonies or allow it to drift to colonies. Bees often cluster on the fronts of their hives on hot evenings. Pesticide drift or nsecticides can be grouped into classes according to direct spray at this time generally kills many bees. Itheir modes of action. Experience has shown that relying on a single group of insecticides may cause pests to develop resistance to the entire group. To prevent this, and to achieve better overall insect control, rotate the Pesticide Safety insecticide groups used, taking advantage of different modes of action. Ideally, rotations should be timed to expose each generation of a pest to only one insecticide he key to using pesticides safely is to be aware of class or mode of action. Consult Table 1 to determine the Tpotential hazards and take adequate precautions class to which a particular insecticide belongs. before, during and after use. Before using any pesticide, READ THE LABEL. In addition to application instructions, Nerve-active insecticides with similar chemical struc- the label provides information on re-entry intervals, post- tures affect insects in similar ways. For example, ing requirements, hazards to the environment and non-tar- (, , etc.) all act on an get organisms, endangered species restrictions, restrictions insect’s nervous system in the same way. on application methods, worker protection requirements, Organophosphates (methyl , azinphos-methyl) practical first-aid treatment in case of exposure, storage and carbamates (carbaryl) also affect the insect’s nervous and disposal procedures for containers, pre-harvest appli- system, but in a different way than the pyrethroids. cation intervals to prevent excessive residues, and the Because organophosphates and carbamates have similar symptoms of poisoning. Users also should consult Texas modes of action, these insecticides should be rotated with Pesticides Laws and Regulations for state provisions that other insecticide classes rather than with each other. affect the application of pesticides to vegetables and Thus, the idea is to rotate modes of action rather than just which, in some cases, are more restrictive than federal insecticide classes. Insect growth regulators and other laws. non-nerve active insecticides also can be used in an insec- ticide rotation as alternatives to using nerve-active prod- ucts alone. Endangered Species Regulations

Protecting Bees from Insecticides he Endangered Species Act is designed to protect Tand recover animals and plants that are in danger of becoming extinct. Under the provisions of this Act, the ollination by honeybees is extremely important in U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service assists the Environmental Pthe production of vegetables and vegetable seed Protection Agency and the Food and Drug Administration crops, especially squash, cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon, in implementing pesticide programs by conducting bio- cantaloupe and muskmelon, and seed crops of asparagus, logical analysis of the effects of pesticides on threatened

5 and endangered species. Many pesticide labels now carry agents and appropriate specialists are advised of changes restrictions on the use of products or application methods as they occur. in areas designated as biologically sensitive. These restric- tions continue to change. Refer to product labels and/or The USER is always responsible for the effects of pesti- call your county Extension agent or U.S. Fish and Wildlife cide residues on his livestock and crops, as well as prob- Service personnel to determine what restrictions apply to lems that could arise from drift or movement of the pesti- your area. Regardless of the law, pesticide users can be cide from his property to that of others. Always read and good neighbors by being aware of how their actions may follow carefully the instructions on the pesticide label. affect people and the environment. For additional information, contact your county Extension staff or write the Extension Entomologists, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Policy Statement for Making Pest Station,TX 77843, (409) 845-7026. Management Suggestions Symbols and Abbreviations Used in he management suggestions included in this publi- Table 2. Tcation reflect the opinions of Extension entomolo- gists based on field tests or use experience, and are believed to be reliable. However, it is impossible to elimi- AP = at planting application nate all risks. Conditions or circumstances that are unfore- seen or unexpected may result in less than satisfactory PP = pre-plant application results even when these suggestions are used. The Texas PPI = pre-plant incorporated Agricultural Extension Service will not assume responsibil- ity for such risks. Such responsibility shall be assumed by SD = side-dress application the user of this publication. SL = see label Suggested pesticides must be registered and labeled for ST = seed treatment use by the Environmental Protection Agency and the Texas Department of Agriculture. The status of pesticide label * = product has proved efficacious in clearances is subject to change and may have changed experimental plots since this publication was printed. County Extension

6 Table 1. Product Information.

Common Trade name(s) Common Insecticide Precaution Re-entry Honeybee name (most common)1 formulations class2 status3 interval4 hazard5 Orthene 75S OP C 24 hrs. HT Temik 15G CAR D 48 hrs. Abamectin Agrimek 0.15EC BIO W 12 hrs. HT Azatin 3% EC BOT C 4 hrs. Azinphos-methyl Guthion, Sniper 2L, 50WP, 2E OP D 48-72 hrs. HT Bacillus thuringiensis Many trade names VARIOUS BIO C 4-12 hrs. RNT Beauveria bassiana Mycotrol 21% WP BIO C 12 hrs. Carbaryl Sevin 80S, 4L, 50W CAR W/C 12 hrs. HT Furadan 4F CAR D 48 hrs.-14days HT Fortress 2.5G, 5G OP D 48 hrs Lorsban 4E, 15G, 50W OP W/C 24 hrs. HT Cryolite Kryocide, Cryolite 96% WP IN C 12 hrs. RNT Baythroid 2EC PYR D 12 hrs. HT Trigard 75W IGR C 12 hrs. 7 Ammo 2.5EC PYR C 12 hrs. HT Diazinon 4E, 14G, 50W OP W/C 12-24 hrs. HT Kelthane/Dicofol 4E, 35WP, 50WP OC W/C 12 hrs. RNT Dimethoate 4E, 2.67E, 5E OP W/D 48 hrs. HT Disyston 15G, 8E OP D 48-72 hrs. MT Thiodan, Endosulfan, Phaser 3EC, 50WP OC D 24 hrs. MT Esfenvalerate Asana XL .66EC PYR W 12 hrs. HT Ethoprop Mocap 10G, 6EC OP D/W 48 hrs. MT Dyfonate 4E, 15G OP D/W 48-72 hrs. MT Hexakis Vendex 50WP OT D 48 hrs. Insecticidal soap M-Pede 49% S6 W 12 hrs. Insecticidal viruses Spod-X, Gemstar .64% BIO C 12 hrs. RNT Admire, Provado 2F, 1.6F CN C 12 hrs. HT Lambda- Karate, Warrior 1EC PYR D 24 hrs. HT Gamma Mean, Lindane 40F, 30F OC W 24 hrs. HT Malathion, Fyfanon 5EC, 8EC, 9.9EC OP C 12 hrs. HT Table 1. Product Information (continued)

Common Trade name(s) Common Insecticide Precaution Re-entry Honeybee name (most common)1 formulations class2 status3 interval4 hazard5 Monitor 4E OP D 48 hrs. HT Lannate 2.4E, 90WP CAR D 48 hrs. HT Methoxychlor 2EC OC C 12 hrs. MT Methyl Parathion 7.5E, 2E, 4E OP D/W 48 hrs. HT Dibrom 7.5E OP D 24 hrs. HT Oils Many trade names Various Oil7 C 4-12 hrs. MT Vydate 2L CAR D 48 hrs. HT Oxydemeton-methyl Metasystox-R 2E OP W 48 hrs. MT Permethrin Ambush, Pounce 2E, 3.2EC, 25W PYR W/C 12 hrs. HT Thimet, Phorate 20G, 15G OP D 48-72 hrs. MT Imidan 70WP OP W 24 hrs. HT Pyrenone BOT C 12 hrs. RNT Sulfur Thiolux, 8 Microthiol Special 80% IN C 24 hrs. Force 3G, 1.5G PYR C 0 hrs. HT Counter 15G, 20CR OP D 48-72 hrs. MT Thiodicarb Larvin 3.2EC, 80WSP CAR W 12 hrs. MT Scout X-tra 0.9EC PYR D 24 hrs. HT Zeta-cypermethrin Fury 1.5EC PYR W 12 hrs. HT

1 All are registered trade names, ®. 2 OP = ; CAR = ; OC = Organochlorine; OT = Organotin; PYR = ; BOT = Botanical; BIO = Biological; IN = inorganic; CN = Chloronicotinyl. 3 D = Danger (Toxicity Category I); W = Warning (Toxicity Category II); C = Caution (Toxicity Category III). 4 Texas Pesticide Laws and Regulations should be consulted for specific information on re-entry intervals. Intervals may vary with formulation. Some intervals vary based on average yearly rainfall. 5 HT = Highly Toxic; MT = Moderately Toxic; RNT = Relatively Non-Toxic. 6 Consists of potassium salts of fatty acids 7 Oils include petroleum distillate and botanical oils. m or 1 yw Beet .45-.9 .5-1.5 m .03-.05 ar d es .5 .5 .94 Mit .5-1.5 .25-.5 SL/AP .94-1.5 .33-1.5 1.05-2.1 1-2 AP/SD 1 .5 .5 1-3 .5-1 .03-.05 beetles .225-.45 .25-.375 1.25-1.56 Cucumber d .5 .5 1-3 .5-1 .5-1 .5-1 .5-.75 .25-.5 SL/AP .225-.9 1.05-2.1 .015-.03 .61-1.56 Mexican 1-2 AP/SD bean beetle eaf- .94 L .5-.75 .25-.5 miners .375-.5 d .5 .5 eaf- 1-3 .94 .5-1 .5-1 L .5-1.5 .25-.5 SL/AP .375-.5 .225-.9 .03-.05 hoppers 1.05-2.1 .61-1.56 1-2 AP/SD c 1 1-3 .5-1 Flea y and Snap) .5-1.5 beetles .03-.05 e ingredient/acre (Dr tiv b ms or 1 y crop). .45 .5-1 1-1.5 .5-1.5 2-4 PPI .03-.05 BEANS ounds ac Cutw P ed b a 2 culio wpea .5-1 .5-1.5 cur .03-.05 Co able 3). m e control (list e control n or w 1-3 Cor .75-1 .5-1.5 .45-.9 .03-.05 ear e t and mit t and etable labels (T 1 .5-1 eg .45-.9 looper .03-.05 .94-1.4 Cabbag al v . d or insec ener ulation. m h g or ts f .94 .5-1 .5-1 .25-.5 .45-.9 .5-1.5 .5-.75 .25-.5 SL/AP Aphids .03-.05 .75-1.05 1.25-1.56 ts wit 1-2 AP/SD y beans only e oduc e on- at . c . chlor yl an e a ailable in bait f ess on dr on ticide v yl hion xy e aler hoat hion ot hyl hyl ol at at hom ho hyl demet y only env Insec cephat met par met Side dr Also a Dr able 2. Produc able 2. Snap only Azinphos- Carbar Aldicarb A Diazinon Endosulf Esf Met Met Met Oxy Phor Also see pr Dicof Dimet Malat Naled Disulf T a b c d

9 es .5-1 ts Mit 2 PPI 2-4 PPI Soil insec ms or w ST e 3-4 PPI ir W es .5-1 Mit vil ee b * .044 .05* ot w .5-1* r Car 1 1-2 tink bugs S .5-1 .5-1 hoppers .5-1.5 .45-.9 1.56-2 1-2.25 .03-.05 .025-.044 eaf L 2.5 .5-1 .5-1 1-2.25 S T Flea beetles able) 1 2 (T .5-1 .5-1 1-2.25 e ingredient/acre e ingredient/acre S ARRO Flea beetles tiv tiv C BEET hopper .5-1 .5-1 Beet 1-2.25 ms or ounds ac leaf ounds ac a 1 P P .025 2-4 PPI .03-.05 .225-.45 Cutw ms a or ms 2.5 yw .5-1 1-2 able 3). a or able 3). 1-2.25 .225-.9 m 1 yw .5-1 1-2 Ar 1-2.25 .225-.9 m Ar ol. etable labels (T etable labels (T a eg eg .5 .5-1 vides contr .5-1 .94-2 .25-.5 Aphids .5-1.25 .94-2.5 o Aphids al v al v ener ulation. ener ulation. m m h g h g or or his pest but pr ts wit ts wit or t hion hion e ticide ticide oduc oduc at at at chlor yl chlor yl an ailable in bait f ailable in bait f in v v yl xy yl xy Insec Insec aler hion os yl hr hion hyl par hom ho hom ho hyl par lut env Also a Not labeled f Also a Met Also see pr Carbar Diazinon Fonof Malat Met Met a Carbar Oxam Cyf Also see pr Diazinon Endosulf Esf Lindane Malat Met Met Met a b

10 ms or w e 3-4 PPI ir .2-.8 PPI W es .5-1 Mit .94-1.5 .01-.02* vil ot r 1 ee w Car .5 .5-1 .2-.4 .1-.2 .125* .94-1.4 .01-.02* eafminers L .5 .5-1 .5-1 hoppers .45-.9 .05-.2 .5-1.5 eaf L 1 .5 .5-1 .5-1 Flea .2-.4 beetles Y e ingredient/acre ms CELER tiv or a .45 .1-.2 .5-.75 2-4 PPI .2-.8 PPI Cutw ounds ac P e 1 1 .9 .5-1 .2-.4 .05-.2 .6-.75 looper .94-1.4 Cabbag m or able 3). 1 yw .1-.2 Beet .45-.9 .4-.75 m .94-1.4 ar m or a etable labels (T 1 1 yw .5-1 1-2 .1-.2 eg .4-.75 m .94-1.4 .225-.45 Ar al v ener ulation. m h g or .5 .5 .5-1 .5-1 .5-1 .1-.2 .2-.4 Aphids .94-1.5 .94-1.4 ts wit oduc in yl an tin e ailable in bait f hr v ticide yl hion yl hion hyl at hyl hom omazine met ar Insec cephat P met Also a er Met Malat Met Naled Oxam P Diazinon Lindane Abamec A Azinphos- Carbar Cyr Endosulf Thiodicarb Also see pr a

11 d f ips .5 .2-.4 1.75 Thr .25-.75 1 SL 1-3 .5-1 Flea .45-.9 beetles er uash .1-.2 1-3 .5-1 .2-.4 .03-.05 Sq 1.75-1.87 vine bor .2 1 uash .5-1 bug .2-.4 .03-.05 Sq ONS a es TERMEL .5-1 Mit A .375-.5 .01-.02 .33-.66 .25-.75 .94-1.88 .94-1.75 m a or SL .5 .5-1 .5-1 .5-1 .1-.2 .2-.4 .94-2 .45-.9 w Pickle- .03-.05 d m a or SL .5 .5-1 .5-1 .5-1 .1-.2 .2-.4 .45-.9 w Melon- .03-.05 .25-.75 a d e ingredient/acre .5 .2 eaf- .5-1 .5-1 .2-.4 1.25 L .125* tiv miners .375-.5 .25-.75 .94-1.88 .01-.02* WS, CUCUMBERS AND W WS, CUCUMBERS a a a YDE 1 .5 ounds ac .5-1 hoppers .1-.2 P .5-.75 .03-.05 1.56-2 .375-.5 .94-1.88 eaf L e 1 SL .5-1 .1-.2 .45-.9 looper .03-.05 .94-1.88 Cabbag able 3). OUPES, HONE d ms AL or b .1-.2 1.75 .45-.9 2-4 PPI .03-.05 ANT Cutw .8-1.5 PPI C d etable labels (T 1 eg .5 SL 1-3 .5-1 .5-1 .1-.2 .2-.4 .45-.9 AP/SL .03-.05 beetles .25-.75 al v 1.25-1.75 Cucumber d ener ulation. m . .2 h g or er .5* .5-1 .2-.4 .5-1* .5-1* w er Aphids .45-.9* y among labels. .25-.75 .94-1.75 .375-.5* w ar ts wit es lo es lo at es v melons. at at e ae oduc er e on- at at in an chlor yl an ed r tin ailable in bait f ticide c hr v a melon r yl xy e aler hoat yl est a hion hyl hyl ol er hamidophos hom ho demet olit at omazine met env Insec y (24C) met (24C) met Cucumber r Also a Except cucumbers. W Sugg er Except w Diazinon Cyr Malat Met Met Oxam Oxy Cr Abamec Azinphos- Carbar Carbofur Dicof Dimet Endosulf Met Naled P Also see pr Esf Lindane a b c d e f

12 ot oot SL R .8 PP SL/PPI 2-3 PPI 2-4 PPI magg es Mit .5-1.5 .02-.03 uin bug tink/ .5-1 1-1.5 .75-1 .05-.1 S .02-.03 .016-.02 harleq e 1 .4 SL 2.5 .5-1 Flea .4-.8 .05-1 .75-1 .1-.2 .5-1.5 1-2.25 .02-.03 .03-.05 beetles .016-.02 1 AP/SD ms e g or c 1 1 SL .45 .1-.2 .4 PPI .05-.1 .5-.75 2-4 PPI .03-.05 .016-.02 .015-.025 Cutw m h k or 1 1 exas. yw .4-.8 Beet .05-.1 m .02-.03 .03-.05 .25-1.5 .018-.024 ar eas of T e ingredient/acre , Cabbage, excluding Chinese Cabbage) Chinese excluding , Cabbage, m tiv or er i k ed t w e w 1 1 .4 SL lo 1-2 .94 .5-1 f .75-1 h in some ar .05-.1 .5-.75 .5-.75 .25-.5 1-2.25 .05-.1 .225-.9 .94-1.5 .625-2.5 .016-.02 .015-.03 Impor .015-.025 ounds ac P cabbag k a h 1 1 SL 1-2 .94 .5-1 .75-1 .75-1 .05-.1 .5-.75 .25-.5 mot able 3). .05-.1 .02-.03 .225-.9 (Broccoli, Cauli (Broccoli, .016-.02 ed in diamondback mot Diamondback v i e k 1 .4 SL .5-1 1.88 etable labels (T .75-1 .75-1 .5-.75 looper .225-.9 .94-1.5 .05-.1* .625-2.5 .075-.1* .03-.05* Cabbag .016-.02* eg .015-.025* COLE CROPS COLE k al v k h . 1 .4 ener er .94 .5-1* .5-1* esistance has been obser Foliar .05-.1 .5-.75 .25-.5 .046* e. .25-1 w .75-1* aphids .05-.1 .02-.03 .25-.5* .625-2.5 1 AP/SD h g .375-.5* lo .16-.375* ulation. m occoli. ticide r or . . ts wit er oliar . hyl w e hion - f f . lo e in oduc es on caulif at in in e id - soil er on br occoli. on- er only y among labels. at hr os b at in w hr chlor hr e only yl an w if ticide e ar on d hr lo yl xy yr e aler hoat hion met os ot hyl es v es lo es higher on cabbag hamidophos hom ho hyl par ailable in bait f demet olit Insec met occoli only at at v env at y alomet Except br R Caulif R Evidence of insec Cabbag R A cephat met cyhalot er Br Highest r r Except caulif a b c d e f g h i j k Oxy Cyper Lindane Malat Met Met Met Naled P Thiodicarb T A Azinphos-met Carbar Chlorp Cr Diazinon Dimet Disulf Endosulf Esf Fonof Met Also see pr Imidaclopr Lambda-

13 ado .2 o beetle .5-1 .5-1 .5-1 .046 .03-.05 .25-.375 7.7-15.4 Color potat 1-2 .2-.4 1.875-3.5 Lace bugs ly ef 1 .046 Whit .25-.375 1-2 .5-1 tink bug S es .5 1-2 .5-1 Mit .625- 3.5 eaf- .5-1 .2-.4 .1-.2 L miners .375-.5 .94- 1.88 ANT e ingredient/acre tiv eaf- .5-1 L EGGPL 1-2.25 hoppers m ounds ac n or P w 1-2 Cor .03-.05 7.7-15.4 ear .5 .5-1 .5-1 Flea .2-.4 .1-.2 able 3). 1-2.25 .03-.05 beetles .25-.375 7.7-15.4 .94-1.88 ms a or yw 1-2 .45-.9 1-2.25 m etable labels (T Ar eg al v .5 ener .5-1 .5-1 ulation. .2-.4 .046 Aphids .225-.9 m .25-.375 .625-3.5 .94-1.88 h g or ts wit oliar - f hyl e oduc id - soil on- at ticide in chlor yl an ailable in bait f hr v yl xy e aler yl hion hyl Insec hom ho demet olit met env y met Also a er Esf Hexakis Imidaclopr Lindane Malat Met Oxam Oxy Met Naled Cr Endosulf Azinphos-met P Also see pr Carbar a

14 d b uin .5-1 bug .625 .25-.5 .75-1 Harleq es .25 .5-1.5 Mit b .4 .31 eaf- .25 .05-.1 L miners b b eaf- .25 .31 L .5-1.5 .5-1.5 .05-.1 .75-1 1-2.25 hoppers m or ed d t e w 1 .4 SL 1-2 .94 1-1.5 .25-.5 .05-.1 .45-.9 .75-1 1-2.25 .03-.05 .625-2.5 Impor cabbag d 1 .4 SL ARDS .5-1 Flea .5-1.5 .75-1 1-2.25 .03-.05 1.5-2.5 beetles f e ingredient/acre b b h tiv 1 SL .94 mot 1.75 .25-.5 .05-.1 .75-1 .45-.9 Diamondback KALE AND COLL KALE AND ounds ac P m n or SL w 1-2 Cor .25-.5 .05-.1 ear e f b able 3). .4 SL 1.88 1-1.5 .05-.1 .75-1 .45-.9 looper .03-.05 .625-2.5 Cabbag ms b a or 1 SL yw 1-2 etable labels (T .45-.9 .05-.1 .75-1 1-2.25 .03-.05 .25-1.5 m eg Ar al v b . 1 ener .4 ulation. .94 .25 .046 m .25-.5 .05-.1 .75-1 Aphids .25-1.5 .16-.375 .625-2.5 h g or ds. et only k ts wit oliar or Kale. b . or collar - f hion e esh mar oduc a at e id - soil er f e at er f os ticide y among labels. in chlor yl w an if w ailable in bait f ar bc hr v yl ds only xy yr ds - fr e aler hoat hion Insec es lo es v hom hyl par ho es lo olit met env at at y at R Collar Also a Collar R er R Cr Chlorp Esf Imidaclopr Met Naled P Lindane Diazinon Met Carbar Dimet Endosulf Malat Met Also see pr a b c d e f

15 ms a or 1 1 SL yw .5-1 1-2 .1-.2 .4-.75 1-2.25 .04-.05 .075-.1 .02-.03 .225-.9 m .016-.02 Ar es .5-1 Mit 1.56-2 .02-.03 .375-.5 1-2 AP/SD eaf- .25 .2-.4 .1-.2 .125 L .25-.5 miners .01-.02 .5-1 .5-1 Flea .2-.4 .05-.1 1-2.25 .02-.03 beetles .028-.05 .016-.02 eaf- .25 .5-1 .5-1 L .75-1 .5-1.5 .05-.1 .45-.9 .05-.2 1.25-2 1-2.25 .02-.03 hoppers .028-.05 .016-.02 1-2 AP/SD ms or a .45 .1-.2 .05-.1 .5-.75 2-4 PPI .2-.4 PPI .028-.05 .016-.02 Cutw (Head) e ingredient/acre m tiv n TUCE or SL w 1-2 .1-.2 Cor .05-.1 .45-.9 .4-.75 .02-.03 LET .028-.05 ear ounds ac P m or ed t e w 1-2 .5-1 .75-1 .05-.1 1-2.25 .028-.05 .016-.02 Impor .015-.025 able 3). cabbag e 1 1 SL .75-1 .05-.2 .6-.75 looper .075-.1 .225-.9 .016-.02 Cabbag 1.56-1.88 .015-.025 etable labels (T eg al v .25 .5-1 .5-1 .2-.4 .1-.2 .046 ulation. .75-1 .25-.5 .45-.9 1.25-2 Aphids .02-.03 .375-.5 ener m .16-.375 1-2 AP/SD or h g in hyl in ts wit hr oliar hr - soil - f hion in oduc in at e id met on-met hr y among labels. ticide in ar hr chlor yl an tin e ailable in a bait f ar on b hr v yl xy e hoat hion met ot Insec es v hom ho hyl P demet olit omazine met at y alomet cephat R Also a er r Carbar Cr Zeta-cyper Also see pr Abamec A Cyper Cyr Diazinon Dimet Disulf Endosulf Imidaclopr Lambda-cyhalot Lindane Malat Met Met Met Oxy P Thiodicarb T a b

16 es .25 Mit .25-1.5 c eaf- .25 L .05-.1 .25-.5 miners .25-.75 eaf- .25 L .75-1 .05-.1 .5-1.5 1-2.25 .25-1.5 hoppers uin .5-1 bug .75-1 Harleq c b .5-1 Flea 2.5 .75-1 1-2.25 .25-.5 .03-.05 .25-1.5 beetles m d or b ed t e w 1-2 .75-1 1-1.5 .45-.9 .05-.1 1-2.25 .25-.5 .03-.05 Impor .625-1.25 cabbag (Greens and Roots) (Greens and b e ingredient/acre h tiv .75-1 mot .45-.9 .05-.1 .25-.5 Diamondback ounds ac m P n or w 1-2 Cor .05-.1 ARD AND TURNIPS ear d e MUST able 3). .75-1 1-1.5 .45-.9 .05-.1 looper Cabbag .625-1.25 ms a or yw 1-2 .75-1 .45-.9 .05-.1 etable labels (T 1-2.25 .03-.05 .25-1.5 m eg Ar c al v eens. ener ulation. .25 m .046 .75-1 .05-.1 .25-.5 d gr Aphids .25-1.5 h g or .16-.375 .625-1.25 nips. ustar f oots. ts wit oliar c . or m or tur hion - f . e oduc b c at e id - soil e at er f in ticide chlor yl an w ailable in bait f d only hr c v yl xy aler hoat hion e higher f hom ho hyl par nips only es lo Insec met env at at ur (24C) R Mustar Also a Not labelled on r T er R Esf Imidaclopr Malat Met Met Met P Also see pr Carbar Diazinon Dimet Endosulf a b c d e f

17 b c b c c ips .5* .9* .2-.4 .94-2 1-2 .5-.75 .15-.3 Thr .25-.84 .25-.5* .08-.1* .02-.03* tink bugs S es ms or Mit w ST e 3-4 PPI ir W ot eafminers L .1-.3 .8 PP .08-.1 AP/SL AP/SL 1.56-2 2-4 PPI .015-.025 Onion magg A e ingredient/acre e ingredient/acre OKR tiv tiv ONIONS m or w m 1-2 or ounds ac ounds ac n ear .9 P P .1-.3 Cor Cutw .015-.025 able 3). able 3). m or yw m Aphids .94-1.5 .45-.9 .08-.1 .15-.3 .02-.03 etable labels (T ips. etable labels (T hr eg eg Beet ar er t al v al v w ips. lo hr ener ener n f er h g h g est a in . ts wit ts wit hr ainst onion t ainst w hyl a ticide hion ticide in oduc oduc a at hr os in yl Insec if a hr Insec yr yl yl hion met os hion hom hyl par ficacious ag met ficacious ag Ef Bulb onions only Ef er Azinphos-met Chlorp Cyper Diazinon Fonof Lindane Malat Met Met Oxam P Lambda-cyhalot Also see pr a b c Carbar Malat Also see pr

18 vil ee .5 1.5 2.5 1.5-3 ea w P .94 .375-.5 .375-.5 eafminers L es .94 .5-1 Mit 2.5 .45-.9 oopers .03-.05 .94-1.4 L m n or w Cor .75-1 .03-.05 ear e ingredient/acre y and Green) tiv d wpeas see Beans) wpeas see 1 culio wpea .5-1 .75-1 cur .03-.05 Co PEAS (Dr ounds ac P (For Co ms a or 1 1 1.5 .45-.9 2-4 PPI .03-.05 Cutw able 3). ms a or 1 yw .5-1 1-1.5 .225-.9 .03-.05 m Ar etable labels (T eg c al v .16 .94 .5-1 .5-1 ener .45-.9 ulation. Aphids .375-.5 .94-2.5 .015-.05 m 1-2.5 AP/SD h g or een peas. ts wit . hyl hion e oduc b at e b at es on gr ticide . b chlor yl an at ailable in bait f on v yl xy aler hoat hion ot er r Insec hyl par ho hom y only w env o Dr Succulent only Also a L Disulf Endosulf Azinphos-met Carbar Dimet Esf Malat Met Naled Diazinon Met Met Also see pr a b c d

19 ms or w e 4 PPI .8 PPI 3-4 PPI ir W ips .5 .2-.4 .25-.5 Thr .025-.044 vil SL ee epper .5-1* .5-1* .1-.2* w P .03-.05* .025-.044* es Mit .01-.02 .94-1.88 .375-.75 .5 .5-1 .1-.2 .2-.4 .25-.5 .125* .375-.5 .25-.33 .01-.02* .94-1.88 eafminers .025-.044 L m n or w 1-2 .1-.2 Cor e ingredient/acre .03-.05 ear .025-.044 tiv PEPPERS .5 .5 .5-1 .5-1 Flea .1-.2 .2-.4 .25-.5 1-2.25 ounds ac .03-.05 beetles .94-1.88 P al label. ms c or eder 2 .1-.2 .8 PPI 2-4 PPI .225-.45 Cutw able 3). ms c or yw .5-1 1-2 .2-.4 1-2.25 .03-.05 m .225-.45 .025-.044 Ar etable labels (T eg b b b al v b b .5 .5 .45 .2-.4 .046 .5-1 .5-1 .5-1 .25-.5 een peach aphid. ener .25- .5 1-2 AP ulation. Aphids .25-.33 .94-1.88 .625-1.5 m h g or ainst gr hyl or non-bell type peppers, bell peppers on f ts wit . oliar hyl - f e ation f oduc a e id - soil on-met ticide at l or use ag y among labels. os (24C) a in chlor istr y an if tin e in ar ailable in bait f on d e hr v yl xy yr eg e aler hoat yl hr hion os ot ol Insec es v ho hom hamidophos demet olit lut omazine met env at y (24C) cephat R Labeled f Bell pepper only 24C r Also a er Abamec A Oxy Esf Oxam Naled Azinphos-met Carbar Cr Fonof Imidaclopr Met Met P Also see pr Chlorp Cyf Dimet Disulf Endosulf Lindane Cyr Dicof Malat Met Diazinon a b c d e

20 ms or w SL e 3-4 PPI ir SL/PPI/AP 3-6 PPI/SL 2-4 AP/SD W SL o psyllid .75-1 .75-1 .05-.2 SL/AP .015-.03 2-4 AP/SD otat P es Mit .5-1.5 SL SL .94 .5-1 .5-1 .5-1 hoppers .046 .75-1 .25-.5 .5-.75 .45-.9 .5-1.5 .05-.2 1-2.25 .375-.5 .03-.05 .625-1.25 eaf 2-4 AP/SD L ish) SL .45 .94 .5-1 .5-1 .5-1 .75-1 .5-.75 .05-.2 SL/AP 1-2.25 e ingredient/acre .03-.05 .25-1.5 OES (Ir .25-.375 2-4 AP/SD T Flea beetles tiv A T PO ounds ac P o beetle . SL SL .94 .5-1 .5-1 .5-1 .375 .046 .75-1 .5-1.5 .05-.2 1-2.25 .03-.05 9.6-11.5 .25-.375 2-4 AP/SD es higher ado potat at able 3). Color a etable labels (T SL SL .5-1 .5-1 eg .046 .75-1 .25-.5 .45-.9 .05-.2 .625-3 Aphids .03-.05 .25-1.5 .375-1 .25-.375 al v ener h g oliar application; soil application r ts wit oliar ticide hyl - f hion e oduc at e id - soil at or soil and f in chlor Insec yl an on a hr yl op xy e e aler hoat yl hion os ot at hamidophos ho hom hyl par olit met env y hopr Labeled f er Dimet Disulf Oxam Diazinon Azinphos-met Carbar Cr Esf Met Met Met Met Malat P Also see pr Endosulf Et Fonof Imidaclopr Phor Phosmet a

21 1 eaf- .1-.2 1.75 L .25-.75 .03-.05 hoppers er uash 1-3 .5-1 .2-.4 .1-.2 1.75 .03-.05 Sq vine bor 1 .2 uash .5-1 bug .2-.4 .03-.05 Sq es 1.75 Mit .33-.66 .01-.02 .25-.75 .2 eaf- .5-1 .2-.4 .125 L miners .01-.02 .25-.75 e ingredient/acre ms THER WINTER SQUASH THER WINTER or tiv a .1-.2 1.75 2-4 PPI .03-.05 .2-.8 PPI Cutw ounds ac P 1 SL 1-3 .5-1 .2-.4 .1-.2 1.75 AP/SL .25-.75 .03-.05 beetles Cucumber PUMPKINS AND O PUMPKINS able 3). ms or a 1-3 yw m Ar etable labels (T eg al v .2 .5-1 .5-1 .2-.4 Aphids .375-.5 .25-.75 ener .94-1.75 ulation. m h g or hyl ts wit . e oduc ticide on-met at y among labels. in an (24C) chlor an tin c ailable in bait f ar b hr v yl xy e aler yl hion Insec ol es v ho demet olit omazine met env at y R Also a Pumpkins only er Oxam Oxy Cr Carbofur Malat Met P Also see pr Endosulf Abamec Carbar Cyr Diazinon Dicof Esf Lindane a b c

22 ots n magg SL ST .5-1 2 PPI 2-4 PPI Soil pests Seed cor .5-1 .5-1 .2-.4 .75-1 1-2.25 1-2 Flea beetles tink bug S es .25 .5-1 .75-1 Mit .375-.5 2 hoppers .5-1.5 1-2.25 .25 .5-1 hoppers eaf .75-1 .05-.2 .5-1.5 1-2.25 L eaf L CH ms or a e ingredient/acre e ingredient/acre .45 .1-.2 .5-.75 2-4 PPI ADISHES tiv tiv .2-.4 PPI SPINA Cutw R 2 .5-1 .25-.5 1-2.25 .03-.05 .025-.044 ounds ac Flea beetles ounds ac P P 1 e loopers .45-.9 .05-.2 .6-.75 Cabbag ms able 3). a or able 3). yw 1-2 1-2.25 .03-.05 m ms Ar a or yw .5-1 1-2 .1-.2 .75-1 .45-.9 .4-.75 1-2.25 m Ar etable labels (T etable labels (T eg eg al v al v .25-.5 .625-2 Aphids ulation. .25 ener ener .5-1 ulation. .2-.4 .1-.2 .046 .75-1 .25-.5 m Aphids .375-.5 m .16-.375 1.25-1.5 h g h g or or ts wit ts wit oliar hyl - soil - f hion e oduc oduc at e id at os ticide in chlor ticide yl an chlor if ailable in bait f in ailable in bait f v hr yl v xy yl xy yr aler hoat hion hr hion os Insec ho hom hyl par ho Insec met lut env Also a Also a er Lindane Azinphos-met Carbar Endosulf Imidaclopr Malat Met Met Met P Thiodicarb Dimet Also see pr Diazinon a Chlorp Cyf Diazinon Esf Fonof Met Also see pr Carbar Lindane Malat a

23 1 eaf- .1-.2 1.75 L .03-.05 .25-.75 hoppers er uash 1-3 .5-1 .2-.4 .1-.2 1.75 .03-.05 Sq vine bor 1 .2 uash .5-1 bug .2-.4 .03-.05 Sq es 1.75 Mit .01-.02 .25-.75 .33-.66 .94-1.88 m m/ or or w SL .5-1 .5-1 .2-.4 .1-.2 1.75 .45-.9 .03-.05 .25-.75 1.4-1.88 Melonw Pickle .2 eaf- .5-1 .2-.4 .125 L miners .01-.02 .25-.75 1.4-1.88 e ingredient/acre tiv ms or a .1-.2 1.75 .45-.9 2-4 PPI .03-.05 .2-.8 PPI SQUASH (Summer) Cutw ounds ac P 1 SL 1-3 .5-1 .2-.4 .1-.2 1.75 .45-.9 AP/SL .03-.05 .25-.75 beetles .94-1.88 Cucumber able 3). ms or a 1-3 yw .45-.9 m .94-1.88 Ar etable labels (T eg al v .2 .5-1 .5-1 .2-.4 ener .45-.9 Aphids .375-.5 .25-.75 .94-1.88 .94-1.75 h g ulation. m hyl or ts wit e ticide oduc on-met at y among labels. in an (24C) chlor yl an tin ar b hr yl xy e aler Insec yl hion ol es v hom ho demet ailable in bait f olit omazine met env v at y R A er Oxam Oxy Naled Met Esf Lindane Malat Met P Also see pr Cyr Abamec Carbar Diazinon Dicof Endosulf Carbofur Cr a b

24 1-2 SL 1-2 SL/AP .5-1 SL .03-.05 .02-.03 .025-.044 Chinch bugs b .94 .5-1 2-3 1-1.25 .03-.05 .02-.03 Sap beetles ms e or 1 SL SL .45 .1-.2 SL/AP SL/AP SL/PPI 2-4 PPI .03-.05 .02-.03 1-2 AP/SL Cutw .0125-.025 a d SL SL SL SL SL SL SL 2-4 PPI 2 AP/SL Soil pests .5 SL 1-2 .1-.2 1-1.5 .5-.75 SL/AP SL/AP 1-2.25 .03-.05 .02-.03 .225-.45 e ingredient/acre Flea beetles tiv SWEET CORN ms e or b SL SL yw ounds ac .5-1 1-2 .1-.2 .5-.75 P 1-2.25 .03-.05 .02-.03 m .225-.45 .025-.044 Ar ot. m or w able 3). n magg 1-2 1.5 .1-.2 .75-1 1-1.25 .03-.05 .02-.03 n ear .225-.45 .025-.044 ed on label. Cor etable labels (T he seed. ae and seed cor v eg h t 1 .5-1 .5-1 al v ulation. m lar .5-.75 h herbicides list Aphids .03-.05 .02-.03 .375-.5 t wit .225-.45 m or or ener ulation. m ootw h g or tions wit ular f t contac ac ec an in ms, r hyl . er ts wit or hr w e hion os ticide e oduc et only c at on-met k at xyf os in ential int an chlor f yl an if ailable in bait f in ailable in gr in Insec ho hr v v yl op xy yr e os aler hr hion os hr et at e pot hom hyl par ho demet lut met lut env esh mar r hopr Do not place in dir Also a Including wir Also a F er ef erbuf Not Et Fonof Phor T T Esf Lambda-cyhalot Carbofur Chlor Malat Also see pr Chlorp Met Met Carbar Cyf Diazinon Endosulf Met Oxy P a b c d e f

25 hopper .75 .94-1.88 eaf L m or w 1-2 n ear Cor 1-2 6-8 PPI beetles Cucumber o a vil .5 ee 1-2 w eet potat Sw OES T .5 1-2 .75 4 PPI 2 PPI A 1-2.25 6-8 PPI 3-4 PPI T Flea beetles e ingredient/acre tiv ms or yw SWEET PO .75 m 1-2.25 ounds ac P all ar F ms or w able 3). e 4 PPI 2 PPI 6-8 PPI 3-4 PPI ir W ubs tings. etable labels (T e gr eg 6-8 PPI or cut al v Whit ener h g e-plant dip f ts wit hion ticide oduc at os chlor an if Insec yl op xy yr hion os ho hyl par hopr Also labeled as a pr Malat Met Et Fonof Carbar Chlorp Diazinon Endosulf Met a Also see pr

26 ly ef .5-1 .046 .75-1 .375-.5 .03-.05 .02-.03 Whit .25-.375 m o or 1 SL 1-2 .02 .044 omat .05-.2 .45-.9 .75-1.5 .03-.05 .02-.03 T pinw ips .2-.4 .044 .75-1 .5-.75 .25-.5 Thr .25-.375 tink 1-2 bugs S .75-1 .75-1 .5-.75 .375-.5 .02-.03 .025-.044 es 1 Mit .01-.02 .375-.75 .625-1.88 1-3 AP/SD eaf- .25 .05 .5-1 .5-1 .2-.4 .125 L .75-1 .05-.2 .25-.5 miners .01-.02 .375-.5 .02-.03 .025-.044 1-3 AP/SD eaf- 1-3 .5-1 .5-1 L .5-.75 .25-.5 .02-.03 hoppers 1-3 AP/SD OES T n- ms 1 SL e ingredient/acre 1-2 or .5-1 Hor .05-.2 .45-.9 w .75-1.5 .015-.03 tiv .025-.044 .015-.025 OMA T a m 1 1 uit- SL r 1-2 or ounds ac F .75-1 .05-.2 .45-.9 P w .75-1.5 .03-.05 .02-.03 .025-.044 SL 1-3 .5-1 .5-1 .5-1 Flea .2-.4 .5-.75 .03-.05 .02-.03 beetles .25-.375 1-3 AP/SD able 3). ms or b 1 1-3 yw .5-1 1-2 .044 .75-1 .05-.2 .75-1.5 .375-.5 .03-.05 .02-.03 .225-.9 m Ar ms etable labels (T or b 1 eg 2 .45 .044 .75-1 .05-.2 2-4 PPI .03-.05 .2-.4 PPI al v .015-.025 Cutw oes. m. ener ulation. or m omat w h g or y t .25 .5-1 .5-1 .5-1 r .2-.4 .046 .75-1 .5-.75 .25-.5 .45-.9 Aphids .03-.05 .02-.03 n ear .25-.375 .025-.044 .625-1.88 . 1-3 AP/SD ts wit or cher e c oduc d in e id et only at k oliar in chlor hr wn as cor yl an tin in on - soil - f ticide ailable in bait f hr yl hion xy v e aler hoat yl hr hion ot hyl ol at hamido- hom ho hyl olit lut omazine met env Insec y esh mar r met phos(24C) cyhalot par er Not labelled f Also a Also kno F Abamec Azinphos- Carbar Cyf P Also see pr Dicof Dimet Disulf Cr Cyr Diazinon Endosulf Esf Imidaclopr Malat Met Lambda- Lindane Met Met Met Oxam a b c d

27 Table 3. Products with general vegetable labels. Before using, examine labels closely for variations in registered crops, pests, rates, use restrictions or other information.

Insecticide PHIa Registered cropsb Pests on labelc Azadirachtin 0 All except sweet corn Whitefly, aphids, leafminers, armyworms, leafhoppers Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki and/or aizawai 0 All Lepidopterous larvaed var. san diego 0 Potato, tomato, eggplant Beauveria bassiana 0 All Whiteflies, aphids, thrips Insecticidal soap 0 All except sweet corn Soft-bodied insects including aphids, caterpillars, leafhoppers, leafminers, psyllids, mites, thrips, whitefliese Insecticidal viruses 0 Beans, beets, cole crops, celery, cucumber, Varies with product: lettuce, onions, peas, peppers, sweet corn, Spod-X - only beet armyworm tomatoes GemStar - Corn earwormf, tobacco budworm Oils 0 All - varies with product Varies with product - includes aphids, mites, beetle larvae, leafminers, whiteflies, psyllids, thrips, some caterpillars Pyrethrins 0 All All except mites and soil pests Sulfur 0 All Mites a 28 Pre-harvest interval in days. b Of crops included in this guide (Table 2). c Of pests included in this guide (Table 2). d Activity on selected larvae varies among strains. e Tank mix with a labeled companion insecticide is required for some pests. f Also listed as Tomato fruitworm. a 0 1 Okr d a 7 7 eens 10 10 21 14 14 21 Gr Mustar a a tuce 5 3 1 5 7 7 7 3 7 1 7 14 21 21 14 14 60 21 10 14 et (Head) L a 1 7 7 10 21 10 14 14 14 21 21 Kale a 7 3 5 3 1 1 7 7 0 0 3 ab 7 Eggplant a 2 3 0 1 2 7 7 3 0 0 7 1 1 3 AP Cucumber ds a 1 1 7 7 7 21 10 14 10 14 14 21 21 Collar y a a 1 7 1 7 7 7 7 14 10 14 21 14 15 Celer a a ots r 1 0 7 7 0 7 14 14 14 15 Car ed. a 0 3 2 1 1 3 0 7 3 2 0 7 1 7 3 14 14 AP al list v er Cantaloupe egetable crops.* egetable er est int w y among labels (see label). a a lo 1 7 7 1 7 3 3 7 7 3 7 ar 7 28 40 14 21 14 15 AP 21 Caulif e or v e ticides on v ticides or details; long h stag a a 1 7 7 1 7 1 3 1 3 7 3 7 1 7 wt 35 42 21 21 AP o 21 21 Cabbag or insec a a a 7 1 7 5 1 7 3 3 7 3 3 1 7 7 14 14 21 15 AP s) f occoli 21 21 y Br e based on plant gr c a a 7 e ar ops) 14 14 AP 14 14 21 als (da Beets (T olit v ed. y umber of applications; see label f est er v a a a a a . 1 0 7 3 1 3 7 3 7 7 21 14 AP AP 21 21 e har (Snap) ulation or n est int Beans m v a a oots ar y) a a or 1 0 1 3 7 7 21 21 14 60 30 14 90 or Lindane and Cr iable. AP uit set 21 21 (Dr ar e, f AP/60 at als f er fr v t er hyl ation application. hion in e in at in hr in e id on- at er when only r hr os in t est int an hr chlor hr yl an ticide if tin e v in t cultiv on t planting application only hr met yl xy yr e aler hoat yl hr hion met os ot hyl ol at hyl par ho hom hamidophos demet e-har Insec lut omazine met env Do not apply af alomet PHI depends on r PHI shor cephat cyper met cyhalot able 4. Pre-har able 4. C = A er r Zeta- Thiodicarb Phor T Dicof Dimet Met Naled Oxy P Carbar Oxam Diazinon Met Hexakis Imidaclopr Esf Disulf Cyper Carbofur Chlorp A Azinphos-met Met Fonof Lambda- Malat Endosulf Cyr Aldicarb Abamec Cyf Met a * Pr SL = See label PHI v b A c AP = A T

29 a melon 0 1 2 0 3 7 1 1 7 3 7 3 2 7 0 3 14 AP er at W a a 1 7 3 7 3 oot) 14 21 14 (R AP/30 nips ur T a 1 7 3 ops) 10 21 14 14 14 14 (T AP/30 oes a a 5 0 1 2 0 0 1 7 1 1 7 2 7 0 0 3 30 14 15 14 omat T oes eet 3 5 1 0 0 AP AP Sw otat AP/125 P n a a a eet 5 1 1 1 0 3 1 7 0 0 SL 7 30 30 35 AP AP 21 45 Cor Sw a 3 1 0 1 2 0 3 7 7 1 2 7 0 3 uash AP sq Summer (continued) a a 7 7 7 1 7 14 14 14 21 14 14 21 14 Spinach a 7 7 7 3 0 AP AP 14 adish R egetable crops. egetable 3 0 1 2 3 0 3 2 7 7 0 14 AP Pumpkin oes a a a a 0 7 7 7 7 7 1 0 0 6 ish) 7 6 90 35 14 14 AP AP 14 75 (Ir otat ticides on v ticides P a a 3 3 3 7 7 7 2 0 5 7 7 7 7 0 1 3 7 4 7 21 15 90 14 AP eppers or insec P s) f y a a a een) 3 3 3 7 1 3 1 7 7 50 15 (Gr eas P a y) a a 3 7 7 1 3 als (da 7 7 21 50 15 v (Dr er a a een) 3 7 14 14 15 (Gr est int v Onions a a y) 3 1 7 7 14 28 14 AP AP 14 15 (Dr hyl hion e in at in e id on- at hr os in an chlor hr yl an if tin e in in on ticide hr yl op xy yr e os aler hoat yl hr hion met os hr ot hyl ol at ho hamidophos hyl par hom demet lut omazine met lut env Insec hopr cephat met cyhalot able 4. Pre-har able 4. er erbuf ef Thiodicarb T Malat Phosmet T Diazinon Oxy Dimet Lambda- Phor Et Fonof Endosulf Azinphos-met A Met Met Cyr Oxam Carbar Dicof Met Naled P Disulf Imidaclopr Esf Abamec Cyper Met Carbofur Chlorp Cyf T

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