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These Pour Le Diplome D'etat De Docteur En Pharmacie Université de POITIERS Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie ANNEE 2016 Thèse n° THESE POUR LE DIPLOME D’ETAT DE DOCTEUR EN PHARMACIE (arrêté du 17 juillet 1987) présentée et soutenue publiquement le 18 mai 2016 à POITIERS par Mademoiselle DEFARGE Juliette née le 05/05/1992 La povidone : découverte et utilisations Composition du jury : Président : Monsieur FAUCONNEAU Bernard, Professeur Membres : Madame THEVENOT Sarah, Maître de conférences Monsieur CORBAUX Philippe, Pharmacien et Directeur des Projets et de l’Innovation - MEDA Manufacturing Monsieur OLIVIER Jean Christophe, Professeur Directeur de thèse : Monsieur CASTEL Olivier, Maître de conférences Université de POITIERS Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie ANNEE 2016 Thèse n° THESE POUR LE DIPLOME D’ETAT DE DOCTEUR EN PHARMACIE (arrêté du 17 juillet 1987) présentée et soutenue publiquement le 18 mai 2016 à POITIERS par Mademoiselle DEFARGE Juliette née le 05/05/1992 La povidone : découverte et utilisations Composition du jury : Président : Monsieur FAUCONNEAU Bernard, Professeur Membres : Madame THEVENOT Sarah, Maître de conférences Monsieur CORBAUX Philippe, Pharmacien et Directeur des Projets et de l’Innovation - MEDA Manufacturing Monsieur OLIVIER Jean Christophe, Professeur Directeur de thèse : Monsieur CASTEL Olivier, Maître de conférences UNIVERSITE DE POITIERS Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie Année universitaire 2015-2016 PHARMACIE Professeurs CARATO Pascal, Chimie Thérapeutique PAIN Stéphanie, Toxicologie COUET William, Pharmacie Clinique RAGOT Stéphanie, Santé Publique FAUCONNEAU Bernard, Toxicologie RIOUX BILAN Agnès, Biochimie GUILLARD Jérôme, Pharmaco chimie TEWES Frédéric, Chimie et Pharmaco chimie IMBERT Christine, Parasitologie THEVENOT Sarah, Hygiène et Santé publique MARCHAND Sandrine, Pharmacocinétique THOREAU Vincent, Biologie Cellulaire OLIVIER Jean Christophe, Galénique WAHL Anne, Pharmaco chimie, Produits PAGE Guylène, Biologie Cellulaire naturels RABOUAN Sylvie, Chimie Physique, Chimie Analytique PAST - Maître de Conférences Associé SARROUILHE Denis, Physiologie DELOFFRE Clément, Pharmacien SEGUIN François, Biophysique, Biomathématiques HOUNKANLIN Lydwin, Pharmacien Maîtres de Conférences Professeur 2nd degré BARRA Anne, Immunologie-Hématologie DEBAIL Didier BARRIER Laurence, Biochimie BODET Charles, Bactériologie Maître de Langue - Anglais BON Delphine, Biophysique JORDAN Steven BRILLAULT Julien, Pharmacologie CHARVET Caroline, Physiologie Poste d’ATER DEBORDE Marie, Sciences Physico-Chimiques COSTA Damien DEJEAN Catherine, Pharmacologie DELAGE Jacques, Biomathématiques, Biophysique Poste de Moniteur DUPUIS Antoine, Pharmacie Clinique VERITE Julie FAVOT Laure, Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire GIRARDOT Marion, pharmacognosie, botanique, biodiversité végétale GREGOIRE Nicolas, Pharmacologie GRIGNON Claire, PH HUSSAIN Didja, Pharmacie Galénique INGRAND Sabrina, Toxicologie MARIVINGT-MOUNIR Cécile Pharmaco chimie Remerciements À Olivier Castel pour m’avoir soutenu et aiguillé tout au long de cette année. Vous m’avez apporté les conseils et la motivation pour arriver à faire une thèse pas trop « plouc » je l’espère ! À Valentin (Baboute) pour avoir supporté mes sautes d’humeur depuis déjà 4 ans. Tu me permets de toujours garder le sourire en pensant à nos beaux moments présents et futurs. Courage, encore quelques mois et tu n’entendras plus parler de povidone, ouf ! À tous mes amis. Une pensée particulière à Solenne et Hélène pour votre enthousiasme et vos encouragements au cours de nos fameuses « soirées poupoules ». Lorina aussi pour ta bonne humeur et tes conseils. Vivement la fin de nos études pour fêter tout ça dignement ! À ma famille. Maman pour tes heures passées en relecture, manipulations informatiques et remontage de moral par téléphone. Papa pour tes conseils avisés. Adrien pour ton aide en recherche d’informations et traduction (même si je suis presque bilingue évidemment). Émilie pour ton soutien et tes marques d’affection au quotidien. Merci à tous ceux qui auront une pensée pour moi ou se déplaceront le 18 mai. À Florence pour t’être toujours intéressée à mon travail et pour avoir réservé ta journée une année en avance ! À Jocelyne et Lionel pour m’avoir accordé de votre temps et de votre énergie. À Léa pour ta présence lors des « vendredi poulet rôtis » qui ont permis de me changer les idées et de finir la semaine en beauté. À Nicole pour ton attention permanente et ta gentillesse. À Emmanuelle pour ta joie de vivre et ton humour dans les bons mais aussi dans les moins bons moments. Merci de t’être intéressée à mon travail et de m’avoir soutenu jour après jour. Au laboratoire MEDA Manufacturing pour l’intérêt porté à ma thèse. Un grand merci à monsieur Philippe Corbaux qui a eu la gentillesse d’accepter de faire partie de mon jury et de se déplacer jusqu’à Poitiers. À Frédéric Doc, responsable scientifique de la banque BCB Dexther, pour m’avoir consacré quelques minutes qui m’ont fait gagner plusieurs jours de travail. À Bernard Fauconneau, Sarah Thévenot et Jean Christophe Olivier pour avoir accepté de faire partie de mon jury de thèse. Plan de thèse Glossaire ............................................................................................................................1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................2 Chapitre 1 Généralités ............................................................................................................3 I. Historique ...................................................................................................................4 1. Contexte historique ...............................................................................................4 2. « Chimie de Reppe » .............................................................................................5 3. Polyvinylpyrrolidone ............................................................................................7 a. Recherches allemandes ......................................................................................7 b. Recherches américaines .....................................................................................8 II. Synthèse ................................................................................................................... 11 1. Monomère de N-vinylpyrrolidone ....................................................................... 11 2. Polymères de polyvinylpyrrolidone ..................................................................... 12 a. Polyvinylpyrrolidone soluble = povidone ........................................................ 12 b. Produits apparentés ......................................................................................... 15 III. Propriétés ............................................................................................................... 18 1. Masse moléculaire .............................................................................................. 18 2. Structure ............................................................................................................. 19 a. Macroscopique ................................................................................................ 19 b. Microscopique ................................................................................................. 20 3. Paramètres pharmacocinétiques .......................................................................... 20 4. Solubilité ............................................................................................................ 20 5. Hygroscopie ........................................................................................................ 21 6. Stabilité .............................................................................................................. 21 a. Produit pur ...................................................................................................... 21 b. Produit fini solide ............................................................................................ 21 c. Produit fini en solution .................................................................................... 22 7. Formation de complexes ..................................................................................... 22 Chapitre 2 Applications ....................................................................................................... 25 I. Applications pharmaceutiques ................................................................................... 26 1. États des lieux ..................................................................................................... 26 2. Rôle de la povidone dans les formes galéniques liquides ..................................... 30 a. Solubilisant des substances actives .................................................................. 30 b. Épaississant ..................................................................................................... 31 c. Stabilisant des suspensions orales et topiques .................................................. 31 d. Lubrifiant des solutions ophtalmiques ............................................................. 32 3. Rôle de la povidone dans les formes galéniques solides ...................................... 32 b. Solubilisant des substances actives .................................................................. 32 b. Liant...............................................................................................................
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