Opportunities in Ontario

TUNITIESIIjr 0^oR AN I ONTARIO

OFFICIAL GUIDE for Tourists: Settlers: Investors Price, Fifty Cents — ONTARIO

The Land of Opportunity

Advice and Full Information may be had in Canada from H. A. MACDONELL Director of Colonization & Immigration

Parliament Buildings - - Toronto

In Europe from— Wm. C NOXON

Agent-General for Ontario

163 Strand - - London, W.C., England

HON. JOHN S. MARTIN, Minister of Agriculture The Wealth of Power

ONTARIO LEADS ALL CANADIAN PROVINCES IN IMMIGRATION AND

POPULATION ; IN MINERALS AND MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS; IN PURE- BRED STOCK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS; IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLES; IN FUR PRODUCTION AND WOOL; IN GRAPEJUICE AND WINE; IN WINTER WHEAT. BEANS, BEET SUGAR. FIBRE-FLAX AND HONEY.

ONTARIO LEADS THE WORLD IN COBALT, CORUNDUM AND NICKEL. 3E

Dependable Inyestraecttr

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Sti^estixmr otvReqiiestr (Opportunities in Ontario

Containing1 Extracts from Heaton's "Opportunities in Canada" (See next page.)

1923

Price, Fifty Cents.

The Canadian Official Guides

(see over) Copyright, Ernest Heaton, Toronto, 1923

Printed In Canada Heaton's Official Guides For Tourists, Investors, Settlers are published for the Canadian Provincial Governments, are absolutely reliable, are kept up to date and give precisely the information wanted by intending- settlers, travellers, investors, manufacturers and others who wish to extend their business. Price 50c each from Heatons Agency, Toronto

A limited number of these Guides for each Province can be obtained FREE upon application to the Provincial Government, as follows: British Columbia—Secretary, Bureau of Pro- vincial Information, Victoria, B. C. Manitoba—Minister of Agriculture, Winnipeg, Man. New Brunswick— Minister of Agriculture, Fredericton, N. B. Nova Scotia—Secretary of Industries and Im- migration, Halifax, N.S. Ontario—Director of Colonization, Parliament Buildings, Toronto, Ont. Prince Bdward Island—Minister of Agricul- ture, Charlottetown, P.E.I. Quebec—The Premier of Quebec, P.Q. Saskatchewan—Minister of Agriculture, Re- gina, Sask. Copies can also be obtained from the Provin- cial Agents General in London, England. HEATON'S OPPORTUNITIES IN CANADA An Encyclopedia of Canadian Resources. Complete economic information covering every Province in Canada in adequate paragraphs, arranged in alphabetical order with illustra- tions. Price—One Dollar. HEATON'S AGENCY, TORONTO, CANADA. READY REFERENCE

The Ontario Ready Reference AGRICULTURE. See under Apples, Area Cultivated, Barley, Beans, Butter, Cattle, Celery, Cheese, Cherries, Corn, Dairying, Farms for Sale, Field Crops, Flax, Fodder Crops, Fruit Industry, Grapes, Grape-juice, Hay, Honey, Horses, Melons, Onions, Peaches, Pears, Plums, Potatoes, Poultry, Ranching, Sheep, Tobacco, Wine, Wool Clip.

AGRICULTURAL CREDIT. See Settlers' Guide.

ALFALFA (lucerne) is grown more or less in practically every county, but chiefly in Haldimand, Lincoln, Welland, Brant and Lambton Counties. In some parts the pro* duction of alfalfa seed is becoming an important industry.

APPLES. In 1921 the province produced 22% of the total crop in Canada. The bulk of the crop is sold within the province. The export trade to Great Britain has been important. The Western Provinces take annually about 1,000,- 000 bushels. This market is growing. The principal commercial apples in order of ripening are: Duchess, Wealthy, Snow, Ribston-pippin, Mcintosh, King, Greening, Baldwin, Golden Russet, Spy, Stark, Ben Davis. The Fameuse and Mcintosh varieties are grown in the St. Lawrence and Ottawa Valleys.

AREA. 407,262 sq. m. Greatest length N. to S., 1,075 m. Greatest width .E. to W., 1,000 m. Twice the size of France. S. Ontario has 77,000 sq. miles. N. Ontario 330,000 sq. m.

AREA CULTIVATED. Of 55 million acres suitable for agriculture, field crops in 1922 covered 10,258,613 acres.

AUTOMOBILES. In 1922 there were 234,497 passenger cars and motor trucks in the Province; 44,588 in Toronto; 9,427 in Hamilton; 6,041 in Ottawa; 5,692 in London.

BANKS. Of the 16 chartered Banks in Canada, 8 have their head office in Toronto. See Government Banks. BARLEY. Ninety-six per cent, of the barley grown is the O.A.C. 21, developed from seed brought from Mandscheuri, Russia. The increase in the yield from the use of this strain in the past 20 years is valued at $35,000,000. Barley is now grown for feeding. In 1922 the crop was from 433,922 acres. BEANS. Wax (butter) beans are commonly grown for local markets. Pole (French) beans do not thrive owing to the climate. Field beans are grown in all counties, the greatest acreage being in Kent, Huron and Elgin Counties. BUTTER. While a considerable quantity of butter is manufactured on the farm, the number of creameries, especially READY REFERENCE

in the large centres of population, is rapidly increasing. 37,234,998 pounds of butter, valued at $21,343,858, were manufactured in Ontario by 188 creameries, 33 combined factories and 21 condensed milk factories during 1921. A recent development is the making of whey butter. CANADIAN NATIONAL EXHIBITION. The Canadian Na- tional Exhibition, established in 1879 as a civic institution in Toronto, is the biggest and most successful annual event of the kind in the world. It is in progress for two weeks each year, from the second Saturday before Labor Day to the second Saturday in September. It is the recognized arena for all Canada, and is used by other countries as a convenient means of introducing their products into the Canadian market.

The following table gives receipts, prizes paid and attendance:

Receipts s Paid Attendance 1880 $34,785 $22,455 100,000 1890 84,739 27,639 1900 96,895 33,752 19101 293,797 45,875 763,215 1915 356,502 50,595 864,000 1920 775,076 75,174 1,152,000 1921 778,771 79,439 1,123,000 1922 957,224 84,300 1,372,000

CANNING FACTORIES, ETC. Ontario has 33 jam and jelly factories, 117 fruit and vegetable canning factories, 53 cider mills, and 98 fruit evaporators, a total of over 300 factories utilizing the by-products of the fruit industry. The greater proportion of the canneries and jam and jelly factories are situated in the Niagara peninsula, the Essex peninsula, and in Prince Edward County. The cider mills and evaporators are fairly evenly distributed through the Province.

CATTLE. In 1922 there were in Ontario 1,235,665 milch cows and 1,600,516 other cattle. For dairy cattle the Holstein, Ayrshire and Jersey are the favorite, yielding about one-third more milk than the corresponding grades. The Shorthorn has its champions, especially as a dual purpose cow. For beef cattle the Shorthorn, Hereford, and Aberdeen Angus are most popular. In recent years many cattle from Ontario found a market in the United States. The new duties imposed on animals entering that country has, for the present, unsettled the market for beef cattle. Some shipments of finished cattle, are being made to Great Britain. There has been a marked improvement in the dairy stock in the last ten years.

CELERY. The largest celery growing district is at Thed- ford (Lambton Co.,) where over 70 acres are grown every year. READY REFERENCE

CHEESE. Ontario produces more than half the cheese manufactured in Canada, and exports large quantities to Great Britain. In 1922 the output of 816 Ontario cheese factories, 33 combined factories and 21 condensed milk factories was 92,784,757 pounds, valued at $2,405,823. CHERRIES. Sweet cherries are only grown commercially in the section from the Niagara District to the Essex peninsula; sour (or pie) cherries in all parts of older Ontario. CLAY BELT. See Northern Ontario, Settlers' Guide. CLAY PRODUCTS. Decorative brick, terra cotta, building tile, and sewer pipe, produced in the province, is made from the Hudson River, Medina and other Devonian shales, which occur about Toronto, Hamilton, Beamsville, Milton, Brampton, Thedford, and elsewhere. The Erie Clay which is widespread, yields a good class of white brick. An upper weathered band of this clay makes good red brick. Clays suitable for brick and drain-tile making are abundant throughout the province and many millions of bricks and tiles are made every year. Fireclay occurs on the Missinabi River, near the junction with the Wabiskagami and on the Mattagami River near Long Rapid. These are inaccessible at present but are the highest grade yet found in Canada. An extension of the T. & N.O. railway makes these deposits available in the near future. Sand-Lime Bricks. There are factories at Toronto, Ottawa, and Hepworth to supply this cheaper product. CLIMATE. The following figures supplied to Heaton's Annu- al by the Dominion Meteorological office gives (a) the mean annual temperature and (b) average annual precipitation at the following points: Alton ..(a)42.2 (b)32 Niagara 45.9 33 Barrie 43.4 34 Orillia 42.5 34 Brampton 43.6 28 Oshawa 43.1 33 Brantford 45.1 29 Ottawa 42.2 30 Brockville 42.1 40 Owen Sound 43.3 40 Bruce Mines 40.0 33 Paris 45.4 30 Chatham 48.0 32 Parry Sound 41.0 43 Coldwater 41.7 37 Pelee Island 49.0 30 Collingwood .... 43.6 35 Pembroke 40.5 31 Deseronto 44.2 33 Peterborough ... 42.3 27 Durham 43.5 39 Port Arthur 35.7 26 Elora 42.3 42 Port Dover 45.5 33 Goderich 44.6 31 Port Hope 44.7 33 Gravenhurst .... 41.3 36 Renfrew 40.8 25 Guelph 43.4 27 St. Mary's 44.6 31 Haileybury 37.0 32 Sarnia 45.9 36 Haliburton 40.7 32 Simcoe 46.0 33 Hamilton 46.6 32 Stouffville 45.6 33 Huntsville 38.9 Stratford 43.1 36 Kingston 44.2 32 Toronto 44.4 35 Lindsay 41.9 30 Welland 45.8 31 London 45.6 39 White River 32.3 21 Meaford 42.8 38 Wiarton 43.0 57 Moose Factory.. 31.0 24 Windsor 47.8 29 Mount Forest.... 41.7 33 Woodstock 44.8 33 READY REFERENCE

COBALT. Ontario produces approximately 90% of the world's supply of cobalt from the Timiskaming district. Sales in 1922, totalled 388,155 lbs., valued at $1,080,873. The mineral occurs abundantly in the silver ores of the Cobalt silver camp (see Silver). The Deloro Smelting and Refining Co., Deloro, and the Coniagas Reduction Co., Thorold, manufacture cobalt oxide, and other compounds. The mines of the Cobalt area are now the chief source of the world's supply of cobalt CORN. Most farmers grow a few acres of Indian corn, which is stored in the silo. It grows from six to ten feet high. Crop averages about 11 tons per acre, with occasionally much larger yields. Half of the corn produced is grown in the Counties of Essex and Kent. It is used partly for illegal distilling and partly for production of fat hogs. In 1922, 265,018 acres of corn for husking yielded 18,459,363 bushels; 438,819 acres of fodder corn 4,413,191 tons.

CORUNDUM. There are large deposits of corundum in Ren- frew and Hastings counties, which were formerly worked. In 1921 Corundum Limited re-treated tailings from the old dump and shipped 402 tons, worth $50,250. CROWN LANDS. See under Settlers' Guide. DAIRYING-. The annual output of cheese, butter, condensed milk and milk powder, together with the milk and cream for city and farm consumption amounted to over a hundred million dollars. Increasingly large quantities of milk and cream are being shipped to large centres, and ice cream consumption is rapidly growing. There is a marked improvement in dairy cattle, and the average production per cow has materially increased during the past few years. Jersey, Ayrshire and Holstein are the leading dairy breeds, with the milking Shorthorn gaining in prominence in some sections of the Province. Northern Ontario. Dairying has great possibilities. In 1920, 22 cheese factories and 3 creameries made nearly 1,000,000 lbs. of cheese and about 500,000 lbs. of butter. Condensed Milk. In 1920 there were 21 factories manufacturing condensed milk. Powdered Milk. This industry is advancing in Western On- tario. There are now 4 factories which have absorbed several cheese factories. The value of the output of conden- saries and milk powder factories in 1920 was $14,000,000. See Butter and cheese.

ELECTORATE. For the Dominion Elections in 1921, there were 1,738,020 voters on the list and 1,139,535 voters polled out of a population of 2,933,662. See under Liquor Legis- lation.

EXPERIMENTAL FARMS. Dominion at Ottawa and Kap- uskasing, Provincial at Monteith and Fort William. READY REFERENCE

FARMS FOB SALE. Write to the Director of Colonization, Parliament Bigs., Toronto. For reliable Agents for the Sale of Farm lands, write to the publishers, Heatons Agency, Toronto.

FIELD CROPS. Final estimates of Ontario Field Crops for 1922:

Field Crops Acres Production Bushels Fall Wheat 813 935 17,792,958 Spring Wheat .... 124 ,206 2,099,503 Barley 433 ,922 13,971,811 Oats 3,034 ,090 116,033,569 Peas 105 544 2,076,965 Beans 39 999 622,781 Rye 152 709 2,500,354 Buckwheat 197 ,812 4,266,215 Flax 4 556 48,662 Corn (in the ear) 265 ,018 18,459.363 Potatoes 172 858 20,349,541

Carrots : 2 124 472,643 Mangles 35 274 16,366,353 Turnips 67 635 29,923,528 Sugar Beets 20 725 7,616,281 Mixed Grains 552, 399 21,270,479 Tons

Corn (for silo) .. 438,819 4,413,191 Hay and Clover 3,575,662 5,568,459 Alfalfa 221,326 629,135 Tobacco 9,189 11,031,870

See paragraphs under Alfalfa, Barley, Beans, Hay, Flax, Tobacco, Peas, Wheat.

FISHERIES. The regular fisheries cover the Great Lakes, Lake of the Woods, Rainy Lake, Lake St. Clair, River Thames. The annual catch, approx. $3,000,000, includes herring, white fish, trout, pickerel, sturgeon, eel, perch, tullibee, cat-fish, carp, mixed and coarse fish.

Output. During 1921 the fisheries output was valued at $3,064,042. The principal commercial varieties are whitefish, herring, trout, pickerel, perch, and pike.

FISH HATCHERIES. The Provincial Government operates hatcheries at Normandale on Lake Erie, Mt. Pleasant in Brant Co., Glenora near Picton, Muskoka, Fort Frances, Port Arthur, and Sault Ste. Marie. From these hatcheries fry has been distributed of black bass, speckled trout, salmon trout, pickerel, whitefish, and herring. Rain- bow trout and steel-head salmon are being hatched at Sault Ste. Marie. To stock the commercial fisheries the READY REFERENCE

Dominion Government operates hatcheries at Belleville, Kingsville, Point Edward, Southampton, Collingwood, Kenora, Port Arthur and Wiarton.. FLAX. Conclusive tests have shown that the Ontario peninsula can produce high grade spinning flax. The seed of this has been exported to Ireland; acreage in 1920 was 21,053. The area devoted to flax-seed in 1922 was 4,556 acres and the yield 48,622 bu.

Flax Fibre and Linen. The manufacture of fibre has been confined to Ontario for practical purposes. Flax grown for fibre is a different variety from the flax grown for seed. In the preparation of fibre dew-retting has been the uni- versal practice in Ontario, but experiments in water retting are being made with satisfactory results. At the Experi- mental Farm at Ottawa the Government has established a flax mill with tanks for water-retting which has given great satisfaction. Hitherto Canadian fibre has been marketed principally in the United States, but a considerable quantity is now being shipped to Ireland. Area of flax sown for fibre in 1920, 31,300; in 1921, 6,515; in 1922, 1,200 acres,—average yield 280 lbs. 17 mills make fibre and tow. The Dominion Linen Mills, Ltd., only, make linen.

Flax Seed. Ontario flax seed, produced from fibre flax, has established a reputation in Ireland as being equal to the best Dutch or Russian seed. The average yield of flax seed in Canada is 12 bushels per acre. Of flax grown for oil seed Novelty, Ottawa 53 is the most productive, followed by Premost and N. Dakota Resistant 52. Area sown for flax seed in 1920, 21,053; in 1921, 7,534; in 1922, 4,556 acres.

Linseed Oil. There are large oil mills in Western Ontario, the flax seed being obtained from the Prairie Provinces. The quantity of oil produced varies from 15,000 to 20,000 barrels yearly, all marketed in the Dominion. Write to Canada Linseed Oil Mills, Toronto.

FLOUR MILL.. .Largest in Empire. The mill of the Maple Leaf Milling Co., at Port Colborne, Ont., with a capacity of 12,000 bushels in 24 hours, is the largest in the British Empire.

FLUORSPAR. Fluorspar is mined at Madoc, in Hastings County. It occurs often in large, well-formed crystals of a beautiful green color. Optical spar also occurs sparing- ly. The output has been comsumed in steel furnaces and other smelting works. The 1922 production was 284 tons, valued at $3,905.

FODDER CROPS. See under alfalfa, corn, hay and clover, sugar beets.

FORESTS. See Woods of Ontario.

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FRUIT INDUSTRY. The total orchard acreage in 1922 was 239,914 acres; small fruits, 27,242 acres; vineyards, 11,136 acres. The bulk of the fruit is consumed by local consumption. The Western markets for Ontario tender fruits are of growing importance. Apples and pears to the value of several million dollars are exported to Great Britain. The industry is rapidly developing. It is estimated that $80,000,000 is invested in the Ontario fruit industry.

FRUITS. Cherries, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, gooseberries and currants yield from $60 to $100 up to $1,000 an acre in some cases. If the tree is well covered in winter, figs will ripen in the Niagara District. Citrons do well in Southern Ontario. Watermelons do well, but the market is chiefly supplied from the U.S. See Apples, Cherries, Grapes, Melons, Peaches, Pears, Plums.

Co-Operative Associations. Over 50 co-operative Fruit Grow- ers Associations do a good work in producing, packing and marketing fruits. See Apples, Cherries, Grapes, Melons, Peaches, Pears, Plums. Ontario Fruit Growers' Association. The Ontario Fruit Growers' Association, founded in Hamilton in 1859, has since 1904 held an annual show in Toronto. The Niagara District Grape Growers Ltd., use this association for export.

Niagara Peninsula Growers Ltd., C. W. Baxter, Gen. Manager, was formed in 1920 with 12 division managers, to market the produce of fruit growers, and handle supplies needed by its members. Experimental Farm. An experimental fruit farm of 150 acres has been established in the Niagara District at Vine- land, one object being to develop varieties suitable for long shipment. The station is equipped with laboratories, greenhouses, cold storage, packing houses, etc., and extensive commercial orchards for testing purposes.

FUR FARMS. In 1922 there were 94 fox farms, 3 racoon farms and 1 each of skunk, beaver and muskrat farms.

Fur Trade. Ontario leads all provinces in output of furs. Total value of pelts marketed in 1920-21 was $3,048,815. In number of pelts muskrat leads with 462,136. The most valuable furs were—beaver $1,322,908, muskrat $688,001, mink $330,212, fisher $162,472, marten $138,487, followed by black bear, skunk, ermine, fox, lynx, wolf, deer, etc.

GOLD. Ontario is the leading province or state on the American Continent as regards gold production. The chief gold fields are Porcupine and Kirkland Lake. In 1922 the output of Ontario was 1,000,199 fine ounces, worth $28,674,- 109, to which must be added the exchange premium total-

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ling $208,621. Larder Lake, Beatty, Munro, Kowkash, Con- drean, Bourkes, Matachewan, West Shining Tree and other camps in Northern Ontario are being developed with fair promise of reward. There is also gold on Lake of the Woods, Skeine River, Manitou Lake, Sturgeon Lake, Wab- igoon Lake, Schreiber, and at many other points in the north-western parts of the Province. The output in 1922 was: Hollinger Consol'd $12,274,114 Dome Mines 4,178,936 Mclntyre-Porcupine 2,137,373 Teck-Hughes 596,495 Lake Shore 471,341 Kirkland Lake 224,396 Wright-Hargreaves 762,753 Kirkland Lake Proprietary 97,481 Ontario-Kirkland 10,082 Miscellaneous 6,225

Total $20,759,196

GOOSE SANCTUARY. On his farm near Kingsville, Essex Co., Jack Miner has established for migrating wild geese a sanctuary of 10 acres with artificial pond, protected for about 2 miles. On each side corn is scattered. It is visited in the Spring and Fall by thousands of birds. GOVERNMENT SAVINGS BANKS. Under the provisions of "An Act to finance Agricultural development," 1921, the Ontario Government by December 1922 had opened savings banks in 15 centres. Interest is allowed at 4%, compiled half yearly. Investments are made in loans to members of Associations under the Ontario Farm Loans Act in farm mortgages and in Dominion, Provincial, Municipal or Muni- cipal School bonds. It is suggested that the money can be utilized in provincial public works in the place of raising money for this purpose by provincial debentures. Write M. E. McKenzie, Director Province of Ontario Savings Office, Toronto. GRAIN ELEVATOR LARGEST. The Port Arthur Elevator Co.'s Elevator, 9,500,000 bushels, at Port Arthur, is the largest in the world. GRAIN FORT, LARGEST IN WORLD. At port of Fort William and Port Arthur 32 grain elevators have capacity 65,000,000 bushels including largest grain elevator in the world. Grain sample market is established here. GRAPES. The counties Lincoln, Wentworth, and Welland produce 95% of grapes grown in Canada. The vine begins to bear at four years, and continues a lifetime. Good grape land costs from $80 to $125 per acre. The crop is subject to less variation than any other fruit, Markets, Toronto, Hamilton and other neighboring oitiea*

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Western and Eastern Provinces and the United States. The bulk of the crop is marketed by the United Grape Growers' Association. Cost of Cultivation. A grower in Niagara District estimates maintenance and profit per acre as follows: Cost of bring- ing into bearing, $75; annual outlay when bearing (pruning and tying, cultivation, spraying three times, packing and packages), $58.50. Average yield 3 tons, or 700 baskets,' at average price, 15c.—$112.50. Net returns, $56. GRAPE JUICE. The bottling of unfermented grape juice has been started on a large scale. It is chiefly manufactured by E. D. Smith & Son, Winona, and Welsh Grape Juice Co., St. Catharines; T. G. Bright Co., and the Marsh Grape Juice Co., Niagara Falls. Grape juice requires a higher grade of fruit than the wine industry and it must be well matured and sweet.

HAY. Area of hay and clover in 1922 was 3,575,662 acres, yielding 5,568,459 tons. Average yield per acre 1.56 tons. Hay forms in value about one-third of all the field crops.

HONEY. The Dominion census of 1911 gives the province a total of 124,237 colonies. This census, however, only took account of bees owned on farms, and as there are numbers of persons making a living from beekeeping and residing in towns and cities, the total number of colonies is much greater than the census shows, being estimated at about 300,000. The majority of bees are wintered on their summer stands with special protection, those not so wintered being placed in cellars. Small apiaries of from 20 to 50 colonies on farms, properly cared for, give good returns, and specialists keeping from 200 to 500 colonies average 100 lbs. per colony. Numbers of farmers' wives and daughters make good money from a few hives. The Ontario Beekeepers' Association has about 1,000 members. Light honey is made from white Dutch and alsike clover, and in some parts Basswood and willow herb. Dark honey is made in the Fall from buckwheat, golden rod, Spanish needles, boneset and asters. The annual output is worth about $3,000,000.

Government Assistance. Winter and summer schools in beekeeping are held at the Agricultural College, and the subject is taught in the agricultural short courses throughout the province. The Provincial Apiarist lectures to the students, conducts experiments and generally gives advice to Beekeepers.

HORSES. Ontario is the leading province for the breeding of horses. Numbers are shipped from the province in every direction every week. The Ontario Stallion Act provides for the enrolment of grade and pure-bred stallions, and for a bi-annual inspection. Premiums are given to horses

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which from the soundness, type, etc., are considered worthy. The Act effectively prohibits the service of grade stallions subject to certain diseases and malformations. Notwith- standing motor cars, the demand is good. In 1922 there were 685,852 horses in the province. The heavy draft, 1,600 lbs. up, brings $250 to $375; the agricultural horse, 1,250 to 1,400 lbs., $150 to $200; the general purpose horse, 15.3 to 16.2 hands, $175 to $225; the carriage horse $200 to $500.

HUNTING, (Big" Game). Moose are plentiful in N. Ontario in the country North of C.P.R. and are occasionally found South of this line. Caribou are moving down from the North. Deer are common generally in wooded parts. For guides and details of districts, write Neil McDougall, Chair- man Ontario Guides Assoc, Port Arthur. For detailed maps, write Nat. Resources, Intelligence Branch, Ottawa, and Deptmt. Lands and Forests, Toronto. See Tourists Guide. HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER COMMISSION OF ONTARIO. The operations of this Commission afford a striking example of the distribution, on a large scale, of hydro-electric energy for power and light to communities co-operating under a general scheme of public ownership. Appointed by the Pro- vincial Government and operating by virtue of powers con- ferred upon it by various Acts of the Legislature it co- operates with about 340 municipalities to distribute, by means of 13 transmission systems, electric energy to about half the people of the Province. The total load on the systems now exceeds 300,000 horsepower and the number of customers is more than 260,000. For details of various systems see Heatons Annual.

IMMIGRATION. Of all Canadian provinces, Ontario in 1921 ranked first in immigration from Great Britain, first from the United States. In 1921 returns showed immigration from Great Britain to Canada 74,262; to Ontario 38,753; immigrants from the United States to Canada 48,059; to Ontario 13,469.

IRON. In 1922, shipments of iron ore and briquettes to other than Ontario blast furnaces were 4,304 tons. The ore comes from the Magpie mine near Michipicoten, and Moose Moun- tain. Beneficiated siderite is shipped by the former and concentrated briquettes by the latter. Iron ore is found in Wisner Township, north of Sudbury; at Burwash Lake in Timagami Reserve; at Loon Lake and Atikoken, and many other points in North-Western Ontario. An Iron Ore Com- mittee appointed by the Government is investigating the possibilities of a wider use of low grade silicious ores.

JAM. See Canning Factories. LAKES. The following figures give the length and average 14 READY REFERENCE

breadth in miles, and the area in sq. miles of the Great Lakes. Length Breadth Area Superior 254 162 31,800 Huron 207 101 23,200 Michigan 316 118 22,400 St. Clair .' 26 24 445 Erie 239 59 10,000 Ontario 193 53 7,260 Other lakes over 300 sq. miles are Lake of the Woods 1,851, Nipigon 1,730, Abitibi 356, Nipissing 330, Rainy 324, Simcoe 300 sq. miles. [,EAD. In Ontario the chief production comes from Galetta, Carleton County. The Hollandia, at Bannockburn, was formerly worked. There is a smelter at Galetta operated by the Kingdon Mining, Smelting and Mfg. Co. In 1922, the total output of pig lead was 2,895,695 lbs., worth $73,642.

LIBRARIES. Ontario has 417 public libraries leading all countries, states or provinces in the world in proportion to population. Travelling libraries serve sparsely settled districts. Annual grant about $50,000. LIQUOR LEGISLATION. The Ontario Temperance Act, which went into force September 16th, 1916, prohibits sale of liquor for beverage purposes in Ontario. Provision is made for permitted uses, medicinal, manufacturing, &c. Medical uses may be met by physicians* prescriptions upon druggists to the extent of 6 ounces of liquor, or upon Ontario Government Dispensaries to the extent of 1 imperial quart, or 1 doz. of Ale, Porter, Stout or Beer. There are 8 dispensaries in 7 cities as follows: Toronto, Hamilton, London, Windsor, Kingston, Ottawa, Fort William, and the liquor they sell on prescriptions is sold at a uniform price, including delivery, all over the Province. An exception is made in the Ontario Temperance Act in the way of manufacture and sale of native wines by manufacturers meeting certain requirements. A Dominion enactment, being an amendment to the Canada Temperance Act. which went into force July 18th, 1921, prohibits importation of liquor for beverage purposes in any form and on any plea into this Province. Manufacture of liquor comes under Do- minion jurisdiction. Write Secty. Board of License Com- missioners.

ffote—Wine manufactured in Ontario is not prohibited. •rohibition Referendum. On the Referendum under the Can- adian Temperance Act in 1921—out of a total population of 2,933,662, the vote was affirmative 540,773, negative 373,938.

DUMBER PRODUCTION. The total lumber cut in 1920 was

I valued at $43,142,377 including softwoods 875,900 M. ft., value i $38,263,346; hard woods 117,001 M. ft., value $4,884,431.

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Leading woods in order of importance were white pine, spruce, red pine, hemlock, jackpine, maple, birch. MANUFACTURES. In 1920, 17,886 establishments with $1,705,496,450 invested capital produced products valued at $2,013,186,455 and paid $408,203,562 in wages and salaries to 334,958 employees. Industries with values of products over $20,000,000 included, flour and grist mill products, slaughter and meat packing, automobiles, lumber, shingles etc., butter and cheese, pulp and paper, rubber goods, farm and machine shop products, building and construction, leather tanned etc., agricultural implements, rolling mills and steel furnaces, hosiery and knit goods, smelting, biscuits and confectionery, women's clothing, electric light and power, bakery products, refined petroleum, woollen goods, sash, door and planing mills, electric parts and supplies, furniture and upholstered goods. MANUFACTURING OPPORTUNITIES. Weeks of unguided travel can be saved by consulting Heaton's Agency, 32 Church St. Up-to-date details of Commercial Towns are on file here and plans of available factories. Heaton, Kort- right & Co., Industrial Engineers, make investigations and confidential reports on Manufacturing Opportunities. MARBLE. See Stone. MELONS. Large quantities of Musk Melons are shipped from Leamington to all parts of Canada. Other sections grow for local markets. A number of varieties of the Rockyford type are cultivated. MINERAL PRODUCTION. The annual mineral production of the Province of Ontario for the past 10 years, as shown in the Annual Report of the Department of Mines, Toronto, is as follows: 1913 $53,232,311 1918 $80,308,972 1914 46,295,959 1919 58,883,916 1915 52,245,679 1920 73,076,747 1916 65,303,822 1921 48,000,000 1917 72,098,832 1922 62,000,000

Write for Bulletin, giving latest statistics of production, to Deputy Minister of Mines, Toronto. Production includes Actinolite, Arsenic, Asbestos, Barytes, Clay, Cobalt, Copper, Corundum, Feldspar, Gold, Gypsum, Kaolin, Lead, Marble, Mica, Nickel, Peat, Pyrite, Radium, Salt, Silver, Stone, Talc. See under Ready Reference, Clay Products, Cobalt, Gold, Natural Gas, Nickel, Petroleum, Silver, Stone. For details of other minerals produced in Ontario see Heaton's Annual.

MINERALS PROSPECTING. In northern Ontario, 12 hours by train from Toronto, there are hundreds of square miles where geological conditions are favourable for the occur-ii - rence, permitting preliminary exploration of gold, silv

16 READY REFERENCE

and other valuable minerals, in wide belts. Gold deposits are persistent in depth. Values are usually found near the surface at low cost. Write for literature, maps etc., to Ontario Department of Mines, Toronto, and Department of Mines. Ottawa. MINING- RECORDERS: H. E. Holland Kenora J. A. Hough Matheson H. G. Ginn Swastika M. R. Morgan Elk Lake L. O. A. Donahue S. Porcupine W. N. Miller Sault Ste. Marie C. A. Campbell Sudbury N. J. McAulay Cobalt J. W. Morgan Port Arthur

NATURAL GAS. In Haldimand Co. gas is piped from a large number of wells to Hamilton, principally. Welland County continues to produce gas, supplying Hamilton, St. Cath- arines, Welland, Niagara Falls and other towns and Villages. In Kent County the gas is supplied to Leamington, Chat- ham, Windsor, Brantford, Hamilton from the Tilbury and Romney fields. In 1921 the production was 7,919,390 M. cub. ft. valued at $3,902,800. Natural gas consumption is controlled by the Provincial Government, largely eliminat- ing industrial use (lighting, heating and power purposes) and conserving it for domestic use.

NIAGARA FALLS. The height of Niagara Falls is 162 feet on the Canadian side. In 1900 the perimeter of the Can- adian Palls was 2,950 feet, and the American Falls (including Luna Island), 1000 feet. The whole is now reduced to about 3,400 feet. The volume of water falling on the American side does not exceed 7% of the whole. Theo- retically the water in the Falls and the Rapids above and below should yield 8 million h.p. The actual h.p. capable of development, owing to various considerations (e.g., the efficiency of turbine and generators, the head utilized by operating companies, the water necessary to prevent an ice jam), approx. 5 mill. h.p. The Boundary Waters Treaty limits the amount of water power to be diverted to 20,000 cubic feet per second to the United States and 36,000 (cubic) feet per second to Canada.

Present Canadian Developments. Ontario Power Co. 210,000 h.p. (approx.) owned and operated by the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario. Electrical Development 125,000 h.p. (approx.), Can. Niagara Power Co. 100,000 h.p. (approx.) Canada exports to the U.S. annually about 110,000 h.p.

NICKEL. Eighty per cent, of the world's output comes from Sudbury and vicinity. Here ore is mined and treated by the International Nickel Co., of Canada, the Mond Nickel

17 READY REFERENCE

Co. and the British-American Nickel Corporation, and smelted into nickel-copper matte, which is shipped for final sep- aration of the metals by the International Nickel Co. of Canada to Port Colborne, Ont. by the Mond Nickel Co. to Clydach, Wales, and by the British-American Nickel Cor- poration to Deschenes, near Hull, Que. From the Alexo Mine to Dundonald Township, on the T. & N.O. Ry., pyrrho- tite ore, similar to that of the Sudbury region, has been treated by the Mond Nickel Company at their Coniston smelter. From 314,120 tons of ore smelted in 1922, there was an output of 17,324 tons of nickel-copper matte. During the year, 9,277 tons of matte were shipped to Port Colborne, and 19,831 tons went abroad. The latter contained 17,378,245 lbs. of nickel, and 15,535,919 lbs. of copper. The Ontario nickel ores are sulphides, and are the most important bodies of this type known in the world. Since the war there has been a great curtailment of output. The industry is reviving as surplus stocks have been used up. New industrial uses for nickel are being found, notably for Monel metal, a nickel-copper alloy.

NORTHERN ONTARIO. See Settlers' Guide. OATS In 1922 the yield from 3,094,958 acres was 116,033,569 bus. or 38.2 bus. per acre. The average yield per acre for the period 1882-1922 was 35.8 bushels.

OCHRE. Ochre is produced in small quantities in Halton County. Other unworked deposits occur in Algoma Dis- trict, and Norfolk and Leeds Counties.

ONIONS. The total acreage planted is over 1,000 acres. Average yield about 450 bushels per acre, chiefly the yellow variety, although large quantities of red are grown in Eastern Ontario. Leamington district is noted for onions. Around Hensall many acres are planted in onion sets which are shipped to all parts of Canada. Importations from Egypt, Bermuda and Spain are large. From the U. S. about 78,000 bushels are imported annually over export trade. PEACHES. Peaches are grown commercially in the Niagara District and certain localities in Essex, Lambton, Elgin, Kent and Norfolk Counties on Lake Erie. The best varieties are the Yellow St. John, Crawford, Elberta and New Prolific. Annual output about 2 million baskets of 11 quarts.. Trees begin to bear in 4 years, and should last 15 years.

Cost of Cultivation. An expert peach gower estimates cost of maintenance and profit per acre as follows: Spraying, manuring, pruning and cultivation, $28; picking, packing and packages, $53; hauling to station, say $5; total cost, $86. Returns, 700 baskets (11 quarts), at 50c.—$350. Net return, $264. The average orchard will yield less than the above figures. n READY REFERENCE

FEARS. Pears net the grower from $65 to $100 per acre. The Bartlett, Anjou, Duchess and other varieties are grown. Pears are exported to Great Britain. From the Burlington district about 1 million baskets are marketed in Ontario and Quebec.

PEAS. Ontario peas are considered the best in the world. See Field Crops.

PETROLEUM. The Oil fields of Petrolia, Oil Springs, Til- bury East, and Bothwell. continue to produce, but at a declining rate. New fields have opened in Mosa Town- ship, at Thamesville, Dutton, and in Dover Township. The demand for oil and oil products requires the importation of much more crude than is produced in the province, the domestic crude refined being only a small percentage of the total. Returns for 1922 show crude oil produced, 164,732 barrels, value $439,286. There were 4 petroleum refineries operating in 1921: 1 each at Sarnia, Petrolia, Toronto and Wallaceburg.

PLUMS. The Burbank, Bradshaw, Monarch and Anjou are the leading varieties. The average net profit is $40 to $75 per acre. Over 300,000 baskets are grown annually. The acreage has decreased owing to the importation of dried plums and prunes from the U. S.

POPULATION. According to the Dominion Census the population of Ontario was 236,702 in 1831; 455,688 in 1841; 952,004 in 1851; 1,396,091 in 1861; 1,620,851 in 1871; 1,926,- 922 in 1881; 2,114,321 in 1891; 2,182,947 in 1901; 2,527,- 292 in 1911; 2,933,662 in 1921. Urban Population, (cities, towns and villages) was 935,978 in 1901; 1,328,489 in 1911; 1,707,370 in 1921. Rural Population, was 1,246,969 in 1901; 1,198,803 in 1911; 1,226,292 in 1921.

POPULATION OP CITIES. The Dominion Census figures for 1921 are as follows: Cities 1,163,13 3 Belleville 12,206 Owen Sound 12,190 Brantford 29,440 Peterborough 20,994 Chatham 13,250 Port Arthur 14,886 Ft. William 20.541 St. Catharines 19,881 Gait 13,216 St. Thomas 16,026 Guelph 18.128 Sarnia 14,877 Hamilton 114,151 Sault Ste. Marie 21,092 Kingston 21,753 Stratford 16,094 Kitchener 21,763 Toronto 521,893 London 60.959 Welland 8,654 Niagara Falls 14,764 Windsor 38,591 Ottawa 107,843 Woodstock 9,935 For detailed descriptions of Cities and Towns see Canadian Boards of Trade Register in Heaton's Annual.

19 POPULATION OP TOWNS. The 1921 Dominion Census figures for Towns and Villages over 1,000 are as follows:

Acton 1,722 Goderich .... 4,107 Picton 3,356

Alexandria .. 2,195 Gravenhurst 1,478 PointEdward 1,258 Alliston 1,376 Grimsby 2,004 Port Col- Almonte 2,426 Hagersville.. 1,169 borne 3,415 Amherstburg 2,769 Haileybury.. 3,743 Port Credit.. 1,123 Arnprior .... 4,077 Hanover 2,781 Port Dal- Arthur 1,104 Harriston 1,263 housie .... 1,492 Aurora 2,307 Havelock .... 1,268 Port Dover.. 1,462 Aylmer 2,194 Hawkesbury 5,544 Port Elgin.... 1,291 Barrie 6,936 Hespeler 2,777 Port Hope.... 4,456 Beamsville.... 1,256 Humberstone 1,524 PortMcNicolll,074 Blenheim .... 1,565 Huntsville.... 2,246 Port Perry.... 1,143 Blind River ..1,843 Ingersoll .... 5,150 Portsmouth.. 2,351 Bobcaygeon.. 1,095 IroquoisFalls 1,178 Prescott 2,636 Bowmanville 3,233 Keewatin .... 1,327 Preston 5,423 Bracebridge 2,451 Kemptville.... 1,204 Rainy River 1,444 Brampton.... 4,527 Kenora 5,407 Renfrew 4,906 Bridgeburg.. 2,401 Kincardine.... 2,077 RichmondHilll,055 Brighton 1,411 Kingsville.... 1,783 Ridgetown.... 1,855 Brockville.. 10,040 Lakefield .... 1,189 Riverside 1,155 Burlington.. 2,709 Leamington 3,675 Rockland 3,496 Caledonia .... 1,223 Lindsay 7,620 St. Marys .... 3,847 Campbellford 2,890 Listowel .... 2,477 Sandwich 4,415 Capreol 1,287 L'Original.... 1,298 Seaforth 1,829 Cardinal 1,241 Madoc 1,058 Shelburne.... 1,072 CarletonPlace3,841 Markham .... 1,012 Simcoe 3,953 Chelmsford.. 1,045 Mattawa 1,462 Smiths Falls 6,790 Chesley 1,708 Meaford 2,650 Southampton 1,537 Chippawa .... 1,137 Merriton 2,544 SiouxLookoutl.127 Clinton 2,018 Midland 7,016 Stouffville.... 1,053 Cobalt 4,449 Milton 1,873 Strathroy .... 2,691 Cobourg 5,327 Mimico 3,751 Sturgeon Cochrane .... 3,306 Mitchell 1,800 Falls 4,125 Collingwood 5,882 Morrisburg.. 1,444 Sudbury 8,621 Coppercliff.... 2,597 MountForest 1,718 Tavistock .... 1,011 Cornwall 7,419 Napanee 3,038 Thessalon .... 1,651 Deseronto .... 1,847 NewHamburgl,351 Thorold 4,825 Dresden 1,339 NewLiskeard 2,268 Tilbury 1,673 Dryden 1,019 Newmarket.. 3,626 Tillsonburg .. 2,974 Dundas 4,978 New Toronto 2,669 Timmins .... 3,843 Dunnville .... 3,224 Niagara 1,357 Trenton 5,902 Durham 1,494 North Bay.. 10,692 Tweed 1,337 Eastview .... 5,324 Norwich 1,176 VankleekHill 1,499 Eganville 1,015 Oakville 3,298 Victoria Elmira 2.016 Orangeville.. 2,187 Harbour.. 1,463 Elora 1,136 Orillia 8,774 Walkerton.... 2,344 Essex 1,588 Oshawa 11,940 Walkerville.. 7,059 Exeter 1,442 Palmerston.. 1,523 Wallaceburg 4.006 FenelonPalls 1,031 Paris 4,368 Waterford.... 1,123 Fergus 1,796 Parkhill 1,152 Waterloo .... 5,883 Ford City .... 5,870 Parry Sound 3,546 Watford 1,059 Forest 1,422 Pembroke.... 7,875 Weston 3,166 Fort Erie .... 1,546 Penetangui- Whitby 2,800 Fort Frances 3,109 shene 4,037 Wiarton 1,726 Gananoque.. 3,694 Perth 3,790 Winchester.. 1,126 Georgetown.. 2,061 Petrolia 3,148 Wingham 2,092 20 READY REFERENCE

POTATOES. The best potato growers average over $100 per acre. Toronto alone consumes over 3,000 90-lb. bags per day, and other cities in proportion. There are great opportunities, for the demand far outdistances the local supply. The average crop 1918-22 was 115.3 bush, per acre. Po- tatoes are grown in every county and many parts of New Ontario produce excellent crops.

Potato Seed. N. Ontario seed gives far greater yields than Old Ontario or N. Brunswick seed. It is graded and certi- fied by the Dominion Government.

POULTRY. The farmers of the province are each year real- izing more and more the large profits that may be made from a flock of poultry. A large number of poultry associations have been organized throughout the province for the purpose of raising the standard of poultry breeding, and the Provincial Government is helping this object by the distribution of pure-bred eggs for hatching to the rural schools. Ontario breeders have for many years been winning a large number of the principal prizes at the leading American Shows. At the Provincial Winter Pair held at Guelph, Ontario, each December, there is one of the greatest annual poultry shows on the continent. Last year there were over 5,000 entries. The baby chick business is developing. Most of the utility varieties can be obtained, shipping safely when one day old. There are in the province over 100 specialized poultry farms with 500 or moiv birds. There are 60 poultry associations.

Hgg Circles. 50 egg circles have been established in the province for the stimulation of production and efficient handling. By this means the farmer has been able to secure several cents per dozen more for his eggs. Outside of egg circles the growing tendency of dealers is to buy eggs on a quality basis.

PULP AND PAPER MILL,S. In 1921 there were 8 pulpmills, 13 pulp & paper mills, and 18 paper mills operating in On- tario. Production was 519,511 tons of wood pulp and 543,872 tons of paper. The quantity of wood required was 939,853 cords and the total capital investment $23,999,427. Employees numbered 8,443; while salaries were $12,952,889.

RANCHING-. In Ontario, from a line drawn from Rideau Lake to the mouth of the Severn River on Lake Huron, running north up to the Canadian National Railway, there lies an immense tract of rocky land covered with second growth timber, interlaced by lakes and streams, peat bogs and beaver meadows, with here and there a pocket of ar- able land. Recent successful experiments have shown that this land can be used for cattle ranching. In summer the cattle browse through the scrub and second growth trees free from flies. In winter open shelters are provided for use as required. Beyond this the cattle do not require housing or care, as they feed around the hay-ricks and

21 CANADIAN NATIONAL EXHIBITION

The Greatest Annual Exhibition in the World is held in Toronto. READY REFERENCE

drink from dammed streams of running springs. In sel- ecting a ranch the requisites are a never-freezing stream, beaver meadows from which hay can be cut and a rocky shelter for the barns in winter. The ranch may also serve as a big game and fishing preserve. SAUIiT STE. MARIE CANAL. Between Lakes Superior and Huron, 1.41 miles long. The Canadian lock is 900 ft. long, 60 ft. wide, 19.5 ft. deep. Tonnage passing through the Canadian and American Canals at Sault Ste. Marie is three times greater than through the Suez Canal. Both U.S. and Canadian canals are free and of nearly equal capacity. It is optional with the vessel captain to take either. In 1922. 3,502 vessels with a net registered tonnage of 4,744,474 tons passed through .the Canadian canal carrying 1,709,060 tons of freight, and 13,876 vessels with a net registered tonnage of 47,854,275 tons passed through the U. S. canal carrying 64,355,823 tons of freight. The large ships sought the New American water way. The total freight for both Canadian and American canals amounted to 66,064,883 tons. The first Soo lock was built in 1797 by the North West Fur Co. This was the first canal lock on the American continent.

SHEEP. The climate and soil conditions of Ontario are particularly adapted to sheep raising. This has been demon- strated by Ontario breeders winning a large number of the prizes at the large American Expositions, such as the World's Fair at Chicago, the Pan-American at Buffalo, the Exposition at St. Louis, and the Annual International Show at Chicago. Of pure-bred sheep there are about 20,000 head of the following breeds: Shropshire, Leices- ter, Oxford, Lincoln, Cotswold, Southdown, Dorset, Hamp- shire and Suffolk. The home consumption of mutton and lamb has greatly increased during the last few years. The American cities afford a profitable market for the surplus stock, especially if the animals are of high quality. The new U.S. tariff, has at present depressed the market for wool. In 1922 there were 501,319 sheep and 485,298 lambs in the province.

North Ontario. Small flocks are kept in the Clay Belt and north of New Liskeard. The short-wooled breeds are best suited to the climate. Careful management is necessary to protect from wolves and hunters' dogs. The wool is not injured by burrs, but may be discolored by burnt timber. It is marketed by the Government. The mutton is excellent. Lumber and mining camps and Summer tourists afford local markets. For Grazing Leases, apply Depart- ment of Crown Lands, Toronto.

SILVER. The discovery of high-grade silver ore in the Cobalt area was made in 1903. Ores carry up to 3,000 and 4,000 ozs. of silver to the ton of 2,000 lbs. Some of 23 READY REFERENCE

the consignments have gone much higher. Carload lots of thirty tons have brought $60,000, $90,000 and $110,000. The ores contain also cobalt, nickel and arsenic, all of which are recovered in the refineries of S. Ontario. Mines have also been opened and worked at Gowganda and South Lorrain, the former N.W. and the latter S.E. of the main camp. Similar ores were formerly worked at Silver Moun- tain, west of Port Arthur, and at Silver Islet, Lake Super- ior. The intervening district offers many possibilities to prospectors. Shipments of silver from Cobalt and out- lying silver areas since discovery have been as follows: 1904 206,875 oz. $ 111,887 1905 2,451,356 oz. 1,360,503 1906 5,401,766 oz. 3,667,551 1907 10,023,311 oz. 6,155,391 1908 19,437,785 oz. 9,133,378 1909 25,897,825 oz. 12,461,576 1910 30,645,181 oz. 15,478,047 1911 31,507,791 oz. 15,953,847 1912 30,243,859 oz. 17,408,935 1913 29,681,975 oz. 16,553,981 1914 25,162,841 oz. 12,765,461 1915 24,746,534 oz. 12,135,816 1916 19,915,090 oz. 12,643,175 1917 19,401,893 oz. 16,121,103 1918 17,661,694 oz. 17,341,790 1919 11,214,317 oz. 12,738,994 1920 10,846,321 oz. 10,654,471 1921 8,279,320 oz. 5,413,520 1922 9,007,653 oz. 7,593,272

Total " : 331,733,387 oz. $205,692,698 The dump and low grade (8 to 10 oz.) ores are treated by the "flotation process." Tailing and slimes containing 5 or 6 ounces of silver per ton can be treated at a profit. South Lorrain took a new lease of life in 1921 owing to a new discovery at the Keeley mine, and in 1922 produced along with the Frontier 1,278,693 oz. STONE. Granite is quarried in the Counties of Hastings, Leeds and Ontario, and in the Districts of Muskoka and Parry Sound, Trap Rock in the County of Peterborough and near Bruce Mines and Port Arthur; Limestone quarries are widely distributed between the Great Lakes and the Ottawa River. White Crystalline Limestone and Beautiful Variegated Marbles near Bancroft are worked by the Bancroft Marbles Ltd. Activity at Bancroft is promised in 1923. Deposits have also been worked in Lanark Coun- ty. SUGAR BEETS. The sugar beet industry started in 1901 with 4 factories, 2 of which lapsed while gaining experi- ence. The Dominion Sugar Co. owns factories at Chat- ham, Wallaceburg and Kitchener; the Peninsular Sugar Company operates a factory at Petrolia. The farmers net profits per acre are estimated at from $35 to $100 in 24 READY REFERENCE

exceptional cases. Prices paid growers have increased from $3.50 to $5.50 per ton. The finest quality of sugar is manufactured. No crop so effectually cleans the land or so well fits it for barley, oats or wheat. The average sugar content of Ontario beets is 12%. In 1922, 20,725 acres were devoted to beets intended for sugar production. Total yield 190,400 tons; average price $6.50 per ton.

SWINE. Ontario cannot compete with the U.S. in the fat hog, because for competitive marketing it must be fed on large quantities of cheap corn, not here obtainable, and Canada has comparatively little home demand for lard. The weight limits of the bacon hog are fixed at 160 to 220 lbs. live weight. Success depends upon close adherence to type by the farmer; buying on a quality basis and regular production each month. For the production of bacon the Yorkshire hog is considered best though the Tamworth and Berkshire are also suitable. Pork factories are also established at Toronto, Hamilton, Ingersoll, Stratford, Peterborough and Ottawa. The yearly output from 5 Toronto plants alone is estimated at $60,000,000. In 1922 there were 1,553,434 swine in the province.

TAIiC. The highest grade talc on the continent is mined near Madoc in Hastings County, where the output is ground and exported in considerable quantities to the United States and Europe, for paper-making, cosmetics, etc. There were shipped in 1922, 12,874 tons, mostly ground talc, value $178,397.

TOBACCO, is grown in the Counties of Essex, Kent, Prince Edward, Elgin, Welland, Brant, Norfolk & Lincoln. The total crop in 1922 was estimated at 11,031,870 lbs. from 9,189 acres. Varieties included flue cured, White Burley, snuff, cigar and others. The Burley variety, suitable for chewing, is grown in 8 counties. Havana Gold Seal and dark types in Essex Co., snuff in Kent Co., and Conn. Ha- vana in Lincoln Co. Maryland tobacco in Prince Edward Co. Bright Tobacco, flue-cured, is grown in Essex and Norfolk Counties and along the shores of Lake Ontario. Much of the crop is manufactured in Hamilton, Walker- ville and London.

White Burley. White Burley Tobacco is grown only in On- Ontario, chiefly in Essex and Kent Counties, also in Prince Edward Co. Crop in 1911 and 1913 approx. 13 million lbs. In 1914, 15 to 16, approx. 3 to 4 million lbs. In 1919 approx. 15 million lbs. In 1920 approx 20 million lbs. In 1921, owing to slump industry and over production 4,550,412 lbs. Chief varieties are Broad Leaf, Stand Up and John- son's Resistant. Write to the Dept. of Agriculture, Ottawa, for Bulletin No. 45 on White Burley Tobacco.

Further Information. Write to the Dominion Experimental Farm at Harrow, Essex Co.

25 READY REFERENCE

TOMATOES. Average yield is 250 bushels per acre. As high as 600 bushels has been reached. Large quantities are grown for canning factories in Prince Edward County and the Niagara district. Leamington district annually ships early tomatoes as far west as Calgary and east toi Halifax. TRENT CANAL. See Tourist Guide. VEGETABLE GARDENS. The production of early vegetables under glass is increasing, especially near Toronto, Hamilton and in Essex County. The industry is in operation chiefly near the larger eities and south of a line drawn from Toronto to Guelph and Goderich. Around Toronto there are over 1,000 vegetable gardens averaging 7 to 8 acres each. The output of the truck farms is valued at over $6,000,000 annually. There are 20 vegetable growers' associations.

VITAL STATISTICS 1921. The Provincial medical office reports—per 1,000 population—birth rate 25.3, marriages 8.5, death rate 11.8. Deaths per 100,000 population from tuberculosis, 71; from cancer, 88. Maternal deaths 5.24 per 1,000 living births. Infant mortality, 91.3 per 1,000 infants born. WATER POWERS. The latest report of the Dominion Water Powers Branch gives the total known undeveloped potential water powers of Ontario as 5,000,000 minimum continuous h.p. The total capacity of existing water wheels and turbines installed to utilize waterpower in Ontario is 1,212,650 h.p. See Hydro Electric Power Com- mission and Niagara Palls. And see Heatons Annual for complete list of water powers. WELLAND CANAL. Between Lakes Erie and Ontario, length 26 miles. In 1921, 3,770 vessels used the Canal, carrying 3,076,422 tons, of which 2,040,012 tons was American freight. The Welland Canal is being enlarged at an estimate cost of $50,000,000. A new section of 8 miles will be con- structed. The new canal will be 25 miles long, 200 ft. wide at bottom, 300 ft. wide at top, with 30 ft. depth of water on lock sills, and for the present 25 ft. in canal prisms. There will be only 7 locks, each 800 x 80 ft., and a new harbour Ten-Mile Creek. The locks will be filled in 8 minutes from ponds of 107 to 150 acres in extent.

WHEAT. Ontario produces more winter wheat than all the rest of Canada combined. At the Guelph Agricultural College for two years Dawsons' Golden Chaff has yielded 2 bushels per acre more than any other variety. Spring wheat is not grown for export.

WINE. It is estimated that one-third of annual vintage is manufactured into wine. Approximate annual output, 275,000 gals. The market has been improved by temper- 26 READY REFERENCE

ance legislation. Chief varieties made: Dry Catawba, Sweet Catawba (a communion wine), Isabella, St. Augustine, Port, Sherry, Claret, Burgundy, Tokay, Golden Diana, Rhine Wine, Champagne. Manufacturers include: Niagara Grape Products Co., Jordan; T. G. Bright & Co., Niagara Falls; Pelee Island Wine Co., Brantford; St. David's Wine Growers' Co.; Niagara Falls Wine Co., Niagara Falls. The Stamford Park Wine Co. market chiefly in Canada. Some of these wines compare favourably wth those of European countries. See Liquor Legislation. WOODS OP ONTARIO. The total area of forest land, including the District of Patricia, is estimated at 260,000 square miles. The total area covered by timber license and other rights is 40,000 sq. miles. Ontario may be divided into three zones or types— (1) Southern hardwood type lies S. of the Laurentian plateau, and comprises about 30,000,000 acres. This region is now largely cleared for agriculture, and remnants of forests remain only in farmers' woodlands. Here maple and beech pre- vail; white and red oak, elm, ash and cherry are found; (2) The central Laurentian type extends from the 45th parallel of latitude northward to the Height of Land, i.e., the region forming the watershed between Hudson's Bay and the Great Lakes, comprising a potential forest area of 50,000 acres. White pine, red pine and hemlock predominate. In the southern portion of this area lying S. of Lake Nipissing, with a belt of the N. shore of Lake Huron and the S. portion of Rainy River district, maple, beech, red oak, elm, basswood, paper birch and, in limited quantities, black ash is found. The most valuable hardwood is yellow birch. The northern portion of this area is estimated to contain 15 to 20 million board feet of white pine; also red pine, paper birch, white spruce, cedar, Bank- sian pine and balsam fir.; (3) The northern type of forest N. of the Height of Land, is a spruce and poplar forest. White and black spruce, hemlock and aspen are found within the limitations of tree growth. This region is estimated to contain at least 200,000,000 cords of pulpwood.

WOOL CLIP. The Dominion Census estimate for 1922 is 5,450,425 lbs. The Head Office of the Canadian Co-operative Wool Growers is Simcoe St., Toronto

27 Key to the Highway and Resort Maps.

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Prepared Specially for Heatons Provincial Guides COPYRIGHT- CANADA 1923 BY ERNEST HEATON

<*Ty Company *vtyite| MAP 11

40 The Ontario Tourist Guide

CHIEF TOURIST DISTRICTS l

AI,GOMA CENTRAL. (Map 11). The Algoma Central & .

H.B. Sault Ste. Marie to ' Ry., runs from Hearst 300 m. f

through wonderful scenery only accessible by train. Pine , peaks, deep canyons, many streams and lakes. The country abounds in big game—partridge, duck, geese, speckled trout, with rainbow trout and bass in places. The Agawa i canyon scenery is famous. Guides and out-fitting at S. S. :

Marie and Hearst. The A.C. & H.B. Ry. have log hewn ! cottages to rent with tables, chairs, bunks, cook stove etc., to accommodate 4 persons, $1 per day, at several ' lakes distant from 42 to 148 m. from S. S. Marie. Folder , from Algoma Central Ry. Sault Ste. Marie, Ont.

ALGONQUIN PROVINCIAL PARK. (Maps 4, 7 & 10). Alt. . 1,500 ft., 71 m. from N. to S., 55 m. from E. to W. 200 m. N. of Toronto, 170 m. W. of Ottawa. C.N.R. from Toronto : via Scotia Junct. to Algonquin Park stn. (Hdqts. of Super- intendent) on Cache Lake. C.N.R. Fast from Ottawa gives access at Brent and Government Park stns. Over 1,200 lakes connected by rivers afford wonderful canoe trips; best starting point at Canoe Lake stn. Carrying of fire- arms forbidden; fishing allowed. Big game. Bass, trout and pickerel abound. Snowshoeing, and fishing through ice in winter. Hotels: Algonquin, at Joe Lake stn., and Highland Inn, C.N.R., at Algonquin Park stn.; log cabins nearby with central dining room and club house; camps reached by stage on Island Lake, Salt Lake, etc. C.N.R. folder. BAY OP QUINTE. Lake Ontario. (Maps 2 & 10). Renowned for black bass, pickerel and maskilonge, and for bathing beaches. Sportsmen speak well of duck shooting at various points. Glenlsland(25 acres), with huge shade trees and lawn, is leased as a summer resort, and is known as Glen Island Resort. Write R. A. Williams, 233 College Street, Toronto. To the South of this is the famous "Lake on the Mountain." ' See below: Deseronto, Belleville, Brighton, Picton. LAKE ERIE SHORE. (Maps 1, 2 & 10). Alt. of Lake 572 ft. C.N.R., C.P.R., and connections. For motor route see points below. Shore rises in Norfolk County to 150 ft., and is well wooded. It falls to practically lake level easterly towards Bridgeburg, and westerly in Essex and Kent Counties. Enormous sand banks between Port Burwell and Port Rowan. The Grand River, navigable for 70 m., with fine scenery, emties at Port Maitland, where the feeder to the Welland Canal begins. The Thames River empties at Chatham. Many small trout streams. Government fish hatchery at Normandale. Rondeau National Park in Kent County surrounds a big bay, 9 m. long, and 3 m. wide. This park is a primeval forest, and contains practically all trees indigenous to S. Ontario, and also many deer. Bass and pike fishing specially good in Long Point Bay. Boats and tackle at Lakeview Hotel. P.O. Eireau. Turkey

41 TOURIST GUIDE

Point and Long Point, mostly marsh, are private duck and deer preserves with club houses. Pelee Island is the most southerly point in Canada. See under Settlers' Guide. Partridge in parts, and ducks in the Bay between Long Point and Turkey Point, are plentiful, and not pre- served. Excellent fishing at Long Point Bay free. Natural gas is generally available for summer cottages. See Chatham, Crystal Beach, Port Dover, Port Rowan, Port Burwell, Port Stanley. FRENCH RIVER AND LAKE NIPISSING (Maps 10 & 11) Alt. 645 ft. C.P.R. main line to North Bay and Sturgeon Falls; C- N.R. to North Bay, 226 m. The French River Nav. Co. runs daily from North Bay and Sturgeon Falls to French River, 30 m. Georgian Bay Tourist Co. steamers run from Midland to the mouth of the French River. Lake Nipissing is 20 m. at greatest width, 90 m. long, 400 m. in shore line, and has many wooded Islands. The French River from Lake Nipissing to Big Chaudiere Falls, 12 miles, thence to Little Chaudiere Falls, 5 m., thence to Georgian Bay, 45 m., is navigable by canoe. The best fishing and hunting on Lake Nipissing is on the West arm, at Monetteville. Bass, pickerel, maskilonge, martin, duck, partridge, deer, moose and bear, are plentiful. A famous canoe trip is up the Murdock River, running N. from French River. This is reached by C.P.R. (Toronto, Sudbury line) at French, Bigwood, or Rutter stns. Comfortable C.P.R. bungalow camp at French River Station, with central club house and rustic cabin. C.P.R. and C.N.R. Folders. PRONTENAC, LANARK, AND RENFREW COUNTIES. (Maps 5, 9 & 10). North of Kingston there is a wonderful region that deserves to be better known, with hundreds of connecting lakes, good fishing, and deer shooting. It is served by C.P.R., C.N.R. (Toronto to Ottawa shore line), and C.P.R. from Kingston to Renfrew. At Sharbot Lake, there is an established summer resort. Good fishing at Bob's Lake, and at Calabogie on the Madawaska River. Good deer hunting near Clarendon, Folger, Clyde Forks, Flower, and Calabogie. Cottage accommodation at Sharbot and Bob's Lakes. See Rideau Lakes. Write Tourist Agent, C.P.R., Montreal. GEORGIAN BAY (Maps 3, 4 & 10). Alt. 581 ft. C.P.R. to Point au Baril, Owen Sound and Parry Sound; C.N.R. to Penetang, Midland and Parry Sound. Steamers from Midland and Point au Baril to all important points. For motor route see descriptions of above points. A great arm of Lake Huron, with approx. 30,000 islands. Wonderfully bracing air. Maskilonge, bass, ducks. Many summer cottages. Largest hotels are: Royal, 200, at Honey Harbour; Minicoganashene, 200, at Minicog; Rose Point, 50, near Parry Sound; Belvedere, 120, at Parry Sound; Canada House, 60, at Penetang; Ojibway, 70, at Point au Baril. See Lake Nipissing and French River, also Point au Baril, Penetang, Midland, Owen Sound. C.N.R. and C.P.R. Folders. LAKE HURON EAST SHORE. (Maps 1, 3 & 10). (See also Georgian Bay). C.N.R. to Sarnia, Goderich, Kincardine,

42 TOURIST GUIDE

Southampton and Port Elgin. C.P.R. to Goderich, (see description below). Lake St. Clair is connected by the Lake St. Clair River with Lake Huron at Sarnia, alt. of 587 ft. The eastern shore of Lake Huron has the most wonderful summer climate in the world. The prevailing winds are from the N.W. and cross Lakes Superior, Michi- gan and Huron over 300 m. of cool fresh water, a condition not found anywhere else. The air is wonderfully soft and invigorating and is said to be a specific for hay fever. The sunsets over the lake are gorgeous. The shore is lined with prosperous farms. Sites on the Detroit River, Lake St. Clair, St. Clair River and the best points on Lake Huron shore are being rapidly taken up for summer cottages and permanent houses. Lake Huron is 207 m. long, 101 m. greatest width. The waters are very clear. Good black bass fishing. Note: The Blue Water Highway Association formed in 1922 has over 1,000 members. The object is to form a Pro- vincial Highway from Windsor, through Sarnia, Goderich, and Owen Sound to Muskoka, utilizing the present roads close to the shore line. The scheme has been widely endorsed throughout the Province. For maps, etc., write Secty. Blue Water Highway Ass'n., Sarnia. See Sarnia, Goderich, Kincardine, Southampton, Port Elgin below. LAKE HURON, NORTH SHORE. (Maps 10 & 11). (See Manitoulin Islands.) There is a famous canoe trip (14 days) through the heart of the Mississauga Forest Reserve, starting from Biscotasing. Guides, provisions, canoes, outfits, and information supplied by Hudson Bay Co., P. & J. Shannon, or Miller & Co., at Biscotasing. Special C.P.R. bulletin. From Missanabie a number of splendid extended canoe trips can be made, with exceptional fishing. Out- fitting and guides supplied by Hudson Bay Co., or Wm. McLeod, Missanabie. At the headquarters of the Spanish River Messrs. Sykes & Bates, Metagama P.O., operate 15 log cabin camps. Good fishing, moose, duck and deer are plentiful; bear. C.P.R. Folder KAWARTHA LAKES. (Map 8). Alt. at Lindsay 854 ft. C.P.R. to Bobcaygeon, 84 m., Peterborough, 76 m., and Lind- say^ 8m. C.N.R. to Peterborough 92 m., Lakefield 101m., Lind- say, and Fenelon Falls. For motor route, see Bobcaygeon, Peterborough, or Lindsay. The Trent Canal (see below), from Lake Simcoe, connects with Balsam Lake, at Game- bridge, thence passes through Lakes Cameron, Sturgeon, Pigeon, Buckhorn, Deer, Lovesick, Stony, Clear and Kat- chiwano, down the Otonabee river, past Peterborough to Rice Lake, and thence down the Trent River to Lake Ontario at Trenton, 150 m. On Chemong" Lake, opening out at Buckhorn Lake, is Chemong Park, a summer resort with cottages to rent. Lake Scu- g"og", famous for duck shooting, is connected with Stur- geon Lake by Lindsay River. At the W. end, Port Perry is a growing resort; resorts on the S. Shore are Janet- ville and Caesarea. Stony Lake is full of islands with summer cottages and several boarding houses; best Jsnown

< i 43 .« I L , ..^ ... iu TOURIST GUIDE

resorts are Halls Glen, McCrackens Landing, Viamede and Burleigh Falls. At G-anongf Narrows, between Pigeon and Buckhorn Lakes, Oak Orchard is an excellent hotel; nearby is Kawartha Inn on Jacob's Island. Sturgeon Point, Point Pleasant and Thurstonia Park on Sturg-eon Lake are popular resorts. On Pigeon and Balsam Lakes there are many summer cottages. Maskilonge, bass, good duck shooting in parts, deer plentiful to North. See Peterborough, Bobcaygeon, Lindsay, Kirkfield, Fenel- on Falls, Port Perry. C.N.R. and C.P.R. folders with map and list of hotels and boarding houses. Note. A very attractive summer place on Pigeon Lake is for sale—2 furnished, well built cottages, good well, sandy beach, lovely spot with fine trees; fine wharf, boat houses, canoes and motor boat. Write Heaton's Agency, Toron- to. LAKE KAWICrAMOCr. (Map 10). South of French River. Chain of Lakes and rivers, with rugged scenery. Spur Ry. line runs from Pakesley (on C.P.R.) to Lost Channel, where motor boat meets guests of Ka-Wig-a-Mog Lodge (Semi- private hotel). Bass, trout, pickerel, salmon trout, deer, and small game. For literature write C. C. Courtney, 930, Behan St. N.S. Pittsburg, Pa.—and after July 15th at Pakes- ley, Ont. LAKE OP BAYS DISTRICT. (Map 7). Alt. at Baysville (Height of Land) 1,056 ft. C.N.R. to Huntsville, 145 m., between Fairy and Vernon Lakes. Motor via Bracebridge to Baysville, Huntsville and Lake of Bays. Steamers through Fairy Lake and Peninsula Lake, where there is a mile portage by steam railway to Lake of Bays. Hunt- ing, and speckled trout fishing near Baysville, Dorset, and Dwight. 2 fine summer hotels near Huntsville: the Big- win Inn, 500, on Bigwin Island, and Wa-Wa, 275, with 9 hole Golf course. See Baysville, Bracebridge. C.N.R. Folder LAKE OF THE WOODS AND RAINY RIVER. (Map 11). A popular Canadian and American resort between Ft. William, 320 m., and Winnipeg, 130 m. C.P.R. skirts N. Shore of Lake—stations, Kenora and Keewatin. C.P.R. skirts S. Shore—stations, Rainy River, Beaudette and Warroad in Wisconsin. Motor road from Ft. Frances to Rainy River (Canadian side) 80 m., connection with U.S. roads at Ft. Frances. Area of Lake approx. 2,000 sq. m. with chain of lakes surrounded by uncut forests with bold rocks and in- numerable islands. Rainy River connects Rainy Lake with the Lake of the Woods and the Winnipeg River from the Lake of the Woods eventually connects with Lake Winni- peg. Quetico forest reserve, 1,560 sq. m., adjoins this district. Moose, caribou, deer, partridge, duck, black bass, pickerel, maskilonge, grey trout. Steamer leaves Kenora twice daily for trips on the Lake of the Woods. Wonder- ful canoe trips. Y.M.C.A. and the Methodist Literary Ass'n. operate camps. C.P.R. bungalow camp at Devil's Gap with central club house and rustic cabins. Outfitting supplies, canoes and guides at Kenora. gee Kenora an<| Kee-

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TOURIST GUIDE

watin. C.P.R. pamphlet. Write Secty. Board of Trade,

LENNOX & ADDINGTON COUNTY. (Maps 2, 5 & 10). A> wild country with many continuous lakes and pine forests. Deer, ducks, grouse, rabbits plentiful. Good bass fishing, I salmon trout fairly plentiful. Bon Echo Inn, 75, on Maz-1 inaw Lake, is deservedly popular. Conveyance meets trains at Kaladar, 18 m. on C.P.R. MAGA.NETAWAN DISTRICT. (Maps 4 & 10). Alt. 970 ft. ad- joining Algonquin Park (see maps 4,7 & 10). C.N.R. to Burks: Falls, 171 m., C.P.R. (Toronto to Sudbury line) to N. or[ S. Maganetawan stns. Water route from Burks Falls, 40 m., past beautiful lakes, islands, and summer cottages.' Densely wooded back country. Many canoe trips. Big ( game, bass, pickerel, and trout. See Burks Falls below.

C.N.R. Folder. , a . MANITOULIN ISLANDS. (Maps 10 & 11). Manitoulm Islands, stretch along N. shore of Lake Huron. Great Manitoulim is 30 m. long, 20 m. wide. There are numerous bays with' precipices and dense interior pine forests with lakes. Cock- burn Island, diameter 7 m. resembles Manitoulin. Drum- mond Island (U.S.A.), 24 m. long, 2 to 12 m. wide, is very: rocky. It is separated from the U.S. shore by a strait called: True Detour, 1 m. wide; the chief route to Lake Superior.: Bear, deer, wild fowl plentiful. Bass and maskilonge. See Little Current and Gore Bay below. MUSKOKA LAKES. (Map 6). Alt. 742. C.N.R. to Balai Park, Lake Joseph and Muskoka Wharf. C.P.R. to Bala.! Motor up Yonge St. via Barrie, Orillia, Gravenhurst, Brace- bridge. For best route follow telephone poles after Orillia.! Steamboats from Bala, Lake Joseph Stn., and Muskoka Wharf. Principal lakes are: Muskoka, 21 m. long,. Joseph, 18 m., Rosseau, 13 m. Lakes contain approx. 450 islands, many covered with summer cottages. Bathing i canoeing, sailing, golfing, tennis, fishing. Walks through woods. Fair bass fishing, waters have been restocked" Golf at Beaumaris, Royal Muskoka, Monteith Housel Britannia, (Kingsway), Port Carling, and Windermere.. Muskoka Assembly on Tobin's Island, Lake Rosseau. The Pahquana Country Club at Port Cockburn, at head of Lakt Joseph, has 150 acres of extended shore line. The Roya' Muskoka, C.N.R., on Lake Rosseau, 300 rms., is widely known. Other large hotels are: Monteith, 225; Rostrevor 200; Windermere, 200; Rossmoyne, 225, on Lake Rosseau" Elgin, 270; Belmont, 100, on Lake Joseph; Beaumaris, 200. Milford Bay, 100; Cedar Wild, 100; New Windsor, 125, oi Lake Muskoka; Port Carling on Indian River. NIAGARA PENINSULA. (Maps 2 & 10). A garden of apples peaches and grapes. (See. Niagara district under Settlers. Guide.) Pheasant shooting in season. Full of historic interest. Steamboats run from Toronto to Niagara-on-the 1 Lake, 40 m., to Pt. Dalhousie, 28 m., to Hamilton, 35 m., am to Lewiston, U. S. A., 50 m. Electric railway runs from Hamilton to Beamsville, 22 m.; from St. Cath arines to Niagara-on-tfre-Lake, 13 m.; to Niagara Falls

45 TOURIST GUIDE

12 m., and to Port Colborne, 21 m., via Welland, 18 m. The International Electric Line runs to Niagara Falls on the American side from Lewiston, close to the rapids, 8 m., and on the Canadian side on the high land from Queenston, 7 m. See Ready Reference under Niagara Falls and Welland Canal. See below: Beamsville, Grimsby, Hamilton, Niagara Falls, Niagara-on-the-Lake, St. Cath- arines and Welland. NIPIGON FOREST RESERVE. (Map 11). (See Lake Super- ior North Shore). Area 7,300 sq m. The famous Nipigon River, draining Lake Nipigon into Lake Superior is 40 m. long with lake expansion and rapids, and 300 to 400 ft. wide. There are 9 portages, the longest being 2*6 m. and iy2 m. respectively. Speckled trout 14% lbs. is recorded, 5 lb. trout are common; best fishing near the portages. C.P.R. Bungalow Camp on Lake Helen with central club and rustic cabins. Guides are necessary. Local out- fitters: Hudson Bay Co., and Wm. McKirdy & Sons. Per- mits obtained from Fishing Overseer at Nipigon stn.; to residents of Ontario $5 for 2 weeks; to others $20 for 2 weeks, $30 for 3 weeks, and $40 for 4 weeks per man. Fishing season May 1st to Sept. 14th. LAKE ONTARIO NORTH SHORE. (Maps 2 & 10). Alt. 250 ft. The oldest settled part of Ontario, rich agricultural district. Served by C.N.R. and C.P.R. Hamilton motor Highway to Toronto and West Kingston Road. East of Toronto are high clay cliffs of great geological interest. See Thousand Islands, and see below: Burlington, Oakville, Toronto, Whitby, Oshawa, Brighton, Port Hope, Cobourg, Trenton, Belleville, Kingston. RIDEAU LAKES. (Map 9). CP.R. to Chaffey's Locks, Portland and Westport. C.P.R. to Smiths Falls. Motor via Kingston, 175 m. From Ottawa the Rideau winds 65 m. past farms on both sides with occasional groves and villages to Big Rideau Lake connecting with its source in the Little Rideau River. At Newboro, a 5 ft. depth channel 4|5 mile, connects Little Rideau Lake with Newboro Lake, thence the water falls about 50 m. south through various charming lakes, emptying into Cataraqui River, and ending in a winding weedy channel below Kingston Mills. The lakes forming the main channel branch into other lakes and there afford extensive canoe trips. The system provides a continuous waterway connecting Lake Ontario with the Atlantic seaboard, via Kingston, Smith's Falls, Ottawa and Montreal. Write for detailed map (6 m. to an inch) to H.K. Carruthers, Bd. of Trade, Ottawa. See Frontenac, Lanark and Renfrew Cos. Points of interest: Portland, Newboro, Westport, Chaffey's Locks, Jones Falls, Smiths Falls, Kingston. I AKES SIMCOE AND COUCHICHING (Maps 2, 3 & 10).C.P.R. or C.N.R. to Orillia, 86 m. C.N.R. to Barrie on Kempenfeldt Bay, 64 m. T.S.Ry. (Elec.) to points on S. Shore, including Jackson's Point and Sutton W. Good motor road up Yonge Street to Barrie, 56 m. Black bass, pickerel, perch, white fish, occasional maskilonge. Lake, £Umpge. is 30 m, long

46 '

TOURIST GUIDE

by 6 m. wide. Lake Couchiching 2 m. long by 5 m. wide is separated by narrow Isthmus from Lake Simcoe with channels called the Narrows, and is drained by the Severn River at Washago into Georgian Bay. Points of interest: Atherley, Beaverton, BelleEwart, Gamebridge, De Grassi Pt., Maple Beach, Cedarhurst, Orillia, Jackson's Point, Sutton. LAKE SUPERIOR NORTH SHORE. (Map 11). Fort William and Port Arthur are the gateway to a vast area of forest,

lake, stream, and mountain. . Full of lake trc^t, speckled trout, pike, pickerel, and bass. In s. .e localities rainbow trout and steel head rout are found. Original spawn for the latter was b >ught from British Columbia. Moose are plentiful; red deer, caribou, bear are found; partridge, duck, small game, and fur bearing animals are numerous. See under Nipigon Forest Re- serve. There is excellent fishing, and a fascinating 175 m. canoe trip on the Steel River and chain of Lakes, best en- tered at Jackfish. Prairie, Gravel, Kama, and Cypress Rivers are some of the many streams in this district. C.P.R. bulletin. Write Sec. Board of Trade, Fort William or Port Arthur. LAKE TEMISKAMING. (Map 11). Alt. 580 ft. A widening of the Ottawa River, 75 m. long, flowing between steep, pine-clad cliffs. C.P.R. or C.N.R. to North Bay, thence C.P.R: to Temiskaming stn. T. & N.O. Ry. to Halieybury and New Liskeard. The Tern. Nav. Co. gives passenger service in modern steamers to all important points. See North Bay, Haileybury, and New Liskeard below. THE THOUSAND ISLANDS. (Map 9). Alt. 250 ft. The St. Lawrence River, at its upper end, broadens into the pro- portions of a Lake, 15 m. wide at the west end, and about 4 m. wide in the centre. Here are the islands, christened by the French "Les Milles Isles,"—by actual count, with the water at minimum height about 1,700. They vary from 1,000 acres in extent to small rocks; most are privately owned; on many palatial residences and castles have been built. A favorite breeding ground for ducks, etc. Maskil- onge and black bass abound. Thelnternational boundary runs j

through the centre, but does not cross any of the islands. . Public parks include: in Canadian waters, 12 islands, a park near Morrisburg on the mainland, and part of Grenadier Island; in U.S. waters, 9 islands and points. Alexandria Bay, N.Y., is the social centre, with golf and polo clubs. See below: Gananoque, Brockvllle, Prescott, Morrisburg, Cornwall. Pamphlet by Conservation Commission, Albany, N.Y., and Board of Trade, Alexandria Bay. TIMA&AMI FOREST RESERVE. (Map 11). Alt. 989 ft. Ex- tends 60 m. E. to W., by 50 m. N. to S. Reached by T. & N.O. Ry. from N. Bay to Timagami stn. A network of streams and rivers. Noted for caribou, moose, red deer, grouse, geese, ducks. Bear, fox, martin, etc., are numerous. Fine fishing for bass, pickerel, lake trout, speckled trout. Good maskilonge fishing just outside the reserve. Prin- cipal waters are: Lakes Timagami, Evelyn, Obakika, Meta- wabika, Bay, Rabbit, Annina-Nipissing. Well kept portgage trails between the lakes.

47 TOURIST GUIDE

Lake Timagfami. 100 sq. m., with over 1400 islands, has a shore line of 3,600 m. There are many extended canoe trips. Perron & Marsh Nav. Co. gives daily service from Timagami stn. to Bear Island, connecting with the train. The Hudson Bay Co. has store and guides on Bear Island. Hotel, Ronnoco, at Timagami station; boarding house on Bear Island. There are 4 camps near Bear Island (4— 8 m.), where visitors are accommodated: Camps Coch- rane (boys), Keewadyn (boys), Wabikon, and Acouchich- ing. TRENT CANAL. (Maps 8 & 10). From Trenton on Lake Ontario to Georgian Bay, 236 m. Depth, Trenton to Peter- boro', 8 ft., Peterboro' to Washago on Lake Simcoe, 6 ft.; from Washago to Georgian Bay boats 33 ft. long, and 9 ft. beam can be taken down the Severn River. A canal, 8 m., from the Severn River to Honey Harbour on Geor- gian Bay is to be built. Lift locks at Kirkfield and Peter- boro'. From Gamebridge on Lake Simcoe, the canal connects via Kirkfield with Kawartha Lake system at Balsam Lake. From Rice Lake to Trenton the Trent River is used via Hastings and Campbellford. See Kawartha Lakes above, Campbellford and Trenton.

om the Air.

48 TOURIST GUIDE

DESCRIPTIONS OF TOWNS AND TOURIST RESORTS

lelow are given details of industrial towns and tourist points in trio. In each case, following the name of the town the distance is n from Toronto by the shortest railway route. Following the es of the hotels the number or rooms is given. Attractions to ists, fishermen, hunters md intending residents are concisely listed, er the heading "Industrial Guide/' pages 85 to 109, a list of the stries in each industrial tozun is given. Such towns are distin- ied by an asterisk. to 109. t Industries and industrial opportunities see pages 85 ?TON. (Maps 2 & 10). 35 m. Toronto Suburban Ry. [otor via Brampton, Norval, Georgetown. Hotel, Station. MIC LAKE (Maganetawan District. Maps 4 & 10) 196 m. .N.R. to Burk's Falls, thence by boat (2 daily). Motor ia Barrie, Gravenhurst, Maganetawan. Canoe trips, skiing, )boganning; bass, pickerel, deer. Hotel Lake View, 75, n Lake and Maganetawan River, open all year. BXANDBIA (Maps 5 & 10) 312 m. C.N.R., C.P.R. at Green, alley Stn. (3 m.). Motor via: Belleville, Kingston, Brock- ille, Cornwall. Hotels: Grand Union, 21, Ottawa, 15. •MONTE (Maps 5 & 10) 250 m. C.N.R., C.P.R. Motor via elleville, Napanee, Perth, Carleton Place. Hotels: Almonte, 5; Belmont. 30 m ,, M tNFRIOR. (Maps 5 & 10). 276 m. At confluence of Mada- aska and Ottawa rivers. C.P.R., C.N.R.. Motor via Belle- ille, Perth, Carleton Place. Bass, Lac des Chats. Camping t Norway Bay (5 m.). Hotels: Newbyrne, 50; Campbell, 27. IERLEY (Maps 2 & 10). 90 m. Between Lakes Couchiching nd Simcoe. C.N.R. On Provincial Highway. Motor via TTiitby or via Newmarket and Beaverton, or via Bradford and ;arrie. Boating, bathing. Black bass, pickerel, maskilonge, erring. Tennis and golf at Orillia 3 m. Hotels (summer), •rchard Point Inn, 150; Fern Cottage, 100; Lakeview Cot- ige, 85. Simcoe Lodge, 60. rir.MER (Maps 1 & 10) 110 m. C.N.R. Wabash, M.C.R. [otor via Hamilton, Jarvis, Tillsonburg. Hotels, irown, 36; Central, 24. JRORA (Maps 2 & 10) 24 m. C.N.R. Motor up Yonge Street, mall brook trout. Some duck, 7 m., rabbits. Canoeing n Lake Wilcox and Bond Lake, 3 m. Tennis, bowling, [otel, Queen's, 21. LA (Muskoka. Maps 4, 6 & 10). 113 m. Alt. 755 ft. C.P.R. l.N.R. to Bala Park. Motor via Newmarket, Barrie, Orillia. rravenhurst. At outlet of Muskoka river into Lake Mus- oka. Canoe trips to Georgian Bay. Steamer to all points n lakes. Bass, pickerel, maskilonge. Guides and equip- lent. Hotels: New Windsor, 70; Musquash Lodge, 30; wastika (s) 55; and 5 other summer hotels. LRRIE. (Lake Simcoe. Maps 3 & 10). 64 m. On Kempenfeldt lay. C.N.R. On Provincial Highway. Motor via Richmond till and Bradford. Steamer trips. Rabbit, fox, 10 m. )ucks, 2 m; trout, 5 m. Canoeing, sailing, tennis, bowling, olf. Hotels, Barrie, 50; Simcoe, 40; and 3 others.

49 TOURIST GUIDE

CANOJE TRIPS

To the north, throughout Ontario, glorious canoe trips c be taken through the haunts of deer, moose, bass, a maskilonge. Black bass are common in most waters; mash onge are confined to the basin of the St. Lawrence. Th< are no native true trout east of Alberta. The so-called spec] ed trout is a species of charr. Rainbow trout (a true trou have been transplanted from the Pacific Coast into La Superior. Moose are plentiful north of the C.P.R. line; caribl are moving south. For suggestions and details write to t Tourist Departments of the Canadian National and Canadian Pac Railways. For typographical maps write to the National Resourj Intelligence Service, Ottawa.

60 TOURIST. GUIDE

lYSVILLE (Musk oka. Lake of Bays. Maps 4 & 7). 138 m. 3n Muskoka River. C.N.R. to Bracebridge, 16 m. Motor via Barrie, Orillia, Gravenhurst. Good speckled trout fishing. Deer. Hotels, (summer): Point Pleasant, 50; Idlwyld, iO; Langton, 35, and 2 others. IAMSVIIiLE (Lake Ontario. Map" 2). 58 m. C.N.R. Motor via Hamilton. Perch, bass, 3 m. Pheasants. Sailing, 2 m. Golf, 2 m. JAVERTON. (Lake Simcoe. Maps 2 & 10). 64 m. C.N.R. Motor via Whitby or Newmarket. At mouth of Beaver River, near Trent canal. Ducks, geese, partridge, 2 to 3 m. Cruides. Canoeing, sailing on Lake Simcoe. Tennis, bowling, golf (1 m.). Social Club. Hotels: Victoria Park (s) 100; Wayside Inn. ELI.EVILLE (Bay of Quinte. Maps 2 & 10). 113 m. On River Moira and Bay of Quinte. C.N.R. and C.P.R. Motor via Oshawa, Cobourg, Brighton, Trenton. Maskilonge, pickerel, bass, 3 - 4 m. Guides obtainable. Golf (1 m.) tennis, bowling. Social Clubs. Hotels: Quinte, 100; Kingsley, 50; Queen's, 30; Crystal, 29; and three others. )BCAYGEON (Kawartha Lakes. Maps 2, 8 & 10). 84 m. Between Sturgeon and Pigeon Lakes. C.P.R. Motor via Unionville, Markham, Brooklin, Port Perry, Lindsay. Mas- kilonge, Bass, Deer, 10 m. Good sailing, boating. Canoe trips. Good guides. Hotels, Rockland, 66; White's, 24; Lakeview, 20. lOWMANVILLE. (Lake Ontario. Maps 4, 6 & 10). 42 m. C.N. R., C.P.R. Motor via Oshawa. Hotels: Bowman, 35; Good- year, 28. RACEBRIDGE. (Muskoka. Maps 4, 6 & 10). 120 m. On Muskoka River. C.N.R., C.P.R. Motor via Barrie, Orillia, Washago, Gravenhurst. Deer, 12 m. Duck, partridge, trout, pickerel, bass, perch. Guides obtainable. Canoe and steamer trips on river and lakes. Tennis. Hotels, Queen's 48; Albion, 40. iRAMPTON (Maps 2 & 10). 21 m. C.N.R., C.P.R. Motor via Cooksville. Hotels: Victoria, 40; Queen's, 40; Royal, 40. IRANTPORD (Maps 1 & 10) 65 m. C.P.R., C.N.R. Elec. Ry. to Hamilton, 25 m. Elec. Ry. to Paris, Gait and Port Dover. Motor via Hamilton. Canoe trips on Grand River and Mohawk Lake. Picnic grounds in Mohawk Park. Rabbit and hare nearby. Duck, geese, partridge, 35 m. Bass, pickerel, pike. Canoeing, sailing, tennis, bowling, golf. Bell Memorial, Mohawk Church, Mohawk Indian School, Brant's Monument, Six Nations Indian Reservation (5000 Indians), Indian Council House, Fish Hatcheries at Mt. Pleasant. Hotels: Kerby, 75; Belmont, 60; Art Tavern, 30; and 3 others. JRIDGEBURG (Lake Erie. Maps 2 & 10). 101 m. C.P.R.» C.N.R., M.C.R., W.R., T.H. & B. Bridge car service to Buffalo every hour. Motor via Hamilton, St. Catharines, Niagara Falls. Fine scenery. Fishing. Nat. Gas. Hotels: Royal, Barnea, International. RIGHTON (Lake Ontario. Map 2). 92 m. C.P.R. Motor via Oshawa, Port Hope. Cottages and Presque Isle Hotel, 28,

51 TOURIST GUIDE

at Presque Isle Point, 3 m. across Bay. Golf. Duck, ge* pike, bass, whitefish, herrings, pickerel. Hotel Clar« don, 30. BBOCKVIIIE (Thousand Islands, Maps 5 & 10). 208 On St. Lawrence River at foot of Thousand Islands. C.P.! C.N.R. Motor via Belleville, Napanee, Kingston. Steam* call from Toronto to Montreal, from Clayton to Ogdensbui N.Y., from Montreal to Kingston. River steamers to The sand Islands summer resorts. Hotels, Garbutt's 20; Reve 100; Grand Central, 55; Commercial, 20. BURKS PALLS. (Maganetawan District, Maps 4 & 10). 171

C.N.R. Motor via Orillia, Gravenhurst, Huntsville. ( Maganetewan River. Steamer trips via the River, Lafc Cecebe and Ahmic to Ahmic Harbour. Canoeing, sailii Tennis. Golf at head of Lake Cecebe. Splendid bathi beaches. Beautiful wild rocky scenery. Deer and bej duck and partridge, lake trout, bass, pickerel. Guides fi nished. Hotels: Central (s) 50; Summer Hotels: Ahir Harbour, Cedar Croft, Forest Nook. BURLINGTON. (Lake Ontario. Maps 2 & 10). 32 m. C.N.] C.P.R. Motor on Hamilton highway. Perch and lake fig

Canoeing, sailing. Tennis, bowling; Golf. Cottages < Burlington Beach. Hotel, Brant Inn, 35. 'CAMPBELLPORD (Trent Canal, Maps 2 & 10). 109 m. C.N. (Belleville Br.). Motor via Port Hope, Grafton. Can trips on Trent river. Duck, geese, partridge, 3 m. Ba pickerel, maskilonge, trout, etc. Guides obtainable. Cano ing, sailing, tennis, bowling, golf, social clubs. Hotel Gibson, 12; Green's, 12; St. Lawrence, 18. CEDARHUEST (Lake Simcoe. Maps 2 & 3.) 62 m. C.N.: Motor via Newmarket, Keswick, Sutton. CHAFFEY'S LOCKS. (Rideau Lakes. Map 9). 188 m. C.N.: Motor via Kingston. Hotels, Opinicon Club, 100; Ced Grove, 16. CHATHAM. (Lake Erie. Maps 1 & 10). 179 m. C.N.R., C.P.: Motor via Hamilton, Woodstock, London, Thamesville. Boa ing on River Thames. Pickerel, bass, perch, pike, duck geese, 16 m. Canoeing, tennis, bowling, golf. Tecums* was killed here. Chatham City and Maple City club Hotels: Aberdeen, 24; Garner, 60; Merrill House, 40; Ranki 40; Sanita, 50. *CHESIEY. (Maps 3 & 10). 122 m. On N. Br. Saugeen Rive C.N.R. Motor via Brampton, Orangeville, Harriston, Hai over. Hotel, Macdonald, 30. COBOCONK (Kawartha Lakes, Maps 2, & 10). 87 m. C.N1 Motor via Newmarket, Gamebridge, Kirkfield. On Gu River and Mudturtle lakes. Beautiful scenery. Can< trips. Deer, duck, partridge, rabbits, maskilonge, bas Guides available. Canoeing, sailing, tennis. Social Clui Dancing. Hotels: Pattie (s) 75; 2 bdg. houses. COBOURG (Lake Ontario, Maps 2 & 10). 70 m. C.N.R., C.PJ Motor via Oshawa. 12 m. from Rice Lake. Canoeing, sai, ing, tennis, bowling, golf (9 holes). Ducks, maskilong' bass at Rice Lake. Guides at Gores Landing & Harwoo< Hotels: New Arlington (s) 300; Cedarmere (s) 65; Britis 30; New Dunham, 30; and 5 others.

52 TOURIST GUIDE

LBORNE (Lake Ontario. Maps 2 & 10). 58 m. C.N.R., C.P.R. lotor via Whitby, Oshawa, Port Hope. Tennis, bowling. .Jood boating and bathing. Speckled trout, perch, bass, herring, white fish, salmon trout. Ducks, geese, partridge, Cottages to rent at near- i oxes, rabbits. Mineral Springs. ly summer resort. Hotels: Alexandra, 25; Brunswick, 45.

] Write Town Clerk. 3IrJ.INGWOOD. (Georgian Bay. Maps 3 & 10). 95 m. C.N.R. Itfotor via Bradford, Barrie. On Nottawasaga River and Bay. Fox along Blue Mountains. Duck, geese, partridge. 3-5 | Bass in Georgian Bay; trout m. Canoeing, sailing,

I ennis, bowling, golf. Hotels: Arlington, 48; Globe, 30; )BNWALL. (Thousand Islands. Maps 5 & 10). 267 m. On 5t. Lawrence River. C.N.R. Branch of C.P.R. from Poly- :arpe Jet. Motor via Kingston, Brockville. Terminus of

1 Cornwall Canal. Fishing, hunting. Stanley Island Resort

; m. Hotels, King George, 42; Windsor, 32. YSTAL BEACH (Lake Erie, Map 2). 95^ m. Alt. 600. p.N.R. at Ridgway, 1V2 m. Motor via St. Catharines, Wel- and. Hotels, Royal, 200; Park, 50; Bon Air, 35; Twentieth Century Cottage, 25, and 2 others.

! G-RASSI POINT. (Lake Simcoe. Maps 2 & 3). 52 m. b.N.R. to Lefroy (2 m.). Motor via, Aurora, Newmarket. Numerous summer cottages. 1LTA. (Rideau Lakes. Map 9). 236 m. C.N.R. Motor via Kingston, Lyndhurst. Hotels, Central, 25; Watson. ESERONTO. (Bay of Quinte. Map 2). 139 m. C.N.R. Motor da Port Hope, Belleville. Boating. Good bass and maskilonge fishing. Hotels, Stewart, 30; Arlington, 20. UNDAS (Maps 2 & 10). 46 m. C.N.R., T.H. & B. Ry., Elec. kly. from Hamilton. Motor via Hamilton. Hotels, Mel- bourne, 35; Central, Wentworth. UNNVILIO: (Lake Erie. Maps 2 & 10). 78 m. C.N.R. T.H. &

1 3. On Grand River. Car-ferry to Ashtabula. Motor via Hamilton. Good scenery, boating, fishing, shooting. Gun Ulub. Lawn bowling, tennis. Hotels, Savoy, 45; Victoria, L8; Price's. LMIRA (Map 1) 70 m. C.N.R., C.P.R. Motor via Guelph. Hotels: Sheddick, 38; Ontario, 14. LORA (Maps 1 & 10) 75 m. At confluence of Grand and [rvine Rivers. C.N.R., C.P.R. Motor via Guelph. Fine scenery. Hotels: Iroquois, 25; Royal. INELON FALLS (Kawartha Lakes, Maps 2, 8 & 10). 83 m. On River Fenelon, between lakes Cameron and Sturgeon. 2. N. R. Motor via Unionville and Markham or Whitby :hrough Lindsay. Lift-lock. Ducks, geese, partridge, bass, maskilonge. Guides obtainable. Apply D. E. Merriam or Greo. Calder. Canoeing, sailing, tennis. Hotels: Kawartha, LOO; Mansion, 30. ORT FRANCES. (Map 11). 1,102 m. Alt. 1,102. On C.N.R. D.W. & P.M. & I. Bass, deer. Hotels: Emperor, 58; Mon- arch, 40; Ft. Frances, 34; Prince Albert, 28. ORT WILLIAM (Lake Superior. Map 11). 861 m. C.P.R., C.N.R. On Kaministiquia River. Fine moose and deer hunting, caribou, black and brown bear. Brook and lake

53 LAKE HURON—EAST SHORE THE BLUE WATER HIGHWAY

SARNIA

The Central Gateway to SCENIC ONTARIO

For full information re- garding touring into the Scenic North Country and the points along the Blue Water Highway write to G-eo. F. France, Sec, Sarnia.

VISITORS RETURN GODERICH Year after Year. Most Wonderful Summer Climate in the World.

Hay Fever Unknown

Write to L. L. KNOX, Town Cle Goderich

See Page 55 ,

TOURIST GUIDE

plenti- out, bass, whitefish, herring, pickerel and sturgeon shore. Good auto il Beautiful summer resorts on lake clear >ad connecting with Duluth. Atmosphere always id dry. Hotels: Avenue, 100; Adanac, 60; Victoria, 60; Ry. from IT (Maps 1 & 10) 60 m. C.N.R., C.P.R. Elec. 13 reston 3 m. Hespeler, 5 m. Paris, 12 m. Kitchener, Waterloo, 14 m. Brantford, 21 m. Pt. Dover, 51 m. otor via Hamilton. Hotels: Iroquois, 50; Overland, 45, id 2 others KEBB.IDGE. (Lake Simcoe. Maps 2 & 3). 69 m. C.N.R. 20. "otor via Newmarket, Beaverton. Hotel, Gamebridge, lNANOQTJE. (Thousand Islands. Maps 5, 9 & 10). 186 m. NR. to Gananoque Jet., thence T.I.Ry. to town. Motor ia Belleville and Kingston. Gateway to the Thousand slands. Maskilonge, black bass, pickerel, etc. Good bath- rent at ig canoeing, sailing—launch parties. Outfits for >asonable prices. Guides obtainable. Hotels: Gananoque in, 100; Provincial (s) 35; Brophy, 30; Hay Island House 3) 25 IORGETOWN (Maps 2 & 10) 29 m. On Credit river. C.N. Elec Ry. from Toronto to Guelph. Motor via Cooks- Fishing, ille, Brampton. Fine scenery. Country Club. otel McGibbon, 22. _ . _ _ _ >DERICH. (Lake Huron. Maps 1 & 3). 135 m. C.P.R. N R. Motor via Cooksville, Guelph, Kitchener, Stratford, bowling, t mouth of Maitland River. Safe bathing beach, mnis, golf (9 holes). Bass in river. Trout nearby. Good mds. Mineral waters. Cottages to rent. Hotels: Sunset, 30; Bedford, 50; British Exchange, 44. Menesetung Park, dining hall. Write Town V2 m., cottages with central N. m. on . RE BAY (Manitoulin Island. Maps 10 & 11). 366 ; hannel of Georgian Bay. 28 m. from Little Current. C.P.R. to utler (29 m.). Motor via Barrie, Gravenhurst, Huntsville, forth Bay, Sudbury, Little Current. Bass. Deer. Guides btainable. Hotels: Ocean, 30; Queen's, 25. AVENHURST (Muskoka Lakes, Maps 4, 6 & 10). 112 m. ' N.R. C.P.R. (Bala) Motor via Barrie, Orillia, Washago. anoeing at foot of Lake Muskoka and Gull Lake. Part- idge, salmon trout, bass, pickerel, 5 m. Hotels: Albion, 5; Fern Glen (s) 20; Gilmour, 40; Pinedale, 100 (on Gull

IMSBY (Niagara Peninsula. Maps 2 & 10). 56 m. C.N.R. Uec. Ry. to Grimsby Beach summer resort 1^4 m. Motor ia Hamilton. Pheasants. Hotels: Village Inn, 100; J-rimsby, 50, and 2 summer hotels. JELPH (Maps 1 & 10). 48 m. On River Speed. C.N.R., !.P.R. & Elec. Ry. to Toronto. Motor via Cooksvlle, Jrampton, Norval, Georgetown, Acton. Trout fishing, ennis, baseball, golf, cricket, etc. Social Club. Hotels: 72; Royal, 45; City, 40. I Tew Wellington, 75; King Edward, LIBURTON. (Maps 4 & 10) 125 m. C.N.R. Motor via iTewmarket, Gamebridge, Norland, Minden. On Lake Kash- wigamog. Deer plentiful. Some moose and bear. Duck and

55 TOURIST GUIDE

partridge. Bass, speckled trout, 2 m. Canoeing, tenr bowling. Hotel Royal Koo-Shog, 125. * HAMILTON. (Niagara Peninsula. Maps 2 & 10). 39 m. Ham ton Harbor. C.N.R., C.P.R. Motor via Hamilton Highwj Tennis, golf, and lawn bowling clubs. Hamilton Sog Club. Glendale Golf Club 3 m. Ancaster Golf Club 7 Fishing in Bay. Stoney Creek battlefield, 5 m., maintain as a park by Women's Wentworth Historical Socie Hotels: Royal Connaught, 250; Wentworth Arms, 75; a 30 others. Write C. W. Kirkpatrick, Commissioner of ] dustries and Publicity, Hamilton. HASTINGS. (Trent Canal. Maps 2 & 10). 98 m. C.N.R. Mot via Cobourg. Canoeing on Trent River, beautiful scene: Sailing on Rice Lake 6 m. Ducks, geese, partridge plentif Bass, pickerel. Several trout streams within 5 m. Guid available, apply to A. B. Spellman. Hotels: Clarendon, I Royal, 20.

*HESPEI(ER (Maps 1 & 10). 66 m. C.N.R., connection wi C.P.R. at Gait 6 m. Motor via Hamilton, Gait. Hotei Queens, 26; Commercial, 22. HONEY HARBOUR. (Georgian Bay, Maps 3 & 4). 113 C.N.R. to Midland, thence 12 m. by boat. Trent waterwj starts here, see page 48. Hotels (summer); Royal, 20 Delawana Inn, 75; Cottage Resort, 75; Pleasant Point, 40. HUNTSVILLE (Lake of Bays. Maps 4, 7 & 10). 146 m. On Mn koka River. C.N.R. Motor via Newmarket, Bracebridg Bass, salmon, trout. Partridge, 2 m. Deer, moose, bear m. Guides obtainable from Abe McCann, Sam Hixton, ai Dan May, Huntsville. Canoeing, golf (2 m.), tennis, be ling. Hotels: Grand View, 75; Fairy Port, 50; summ hotels, Bigwin, 500, and WaWa, 275. *INGERSOLL. (Maps 1 & 10). 100 m. C.P.R., C.N.R. ( Thames River. Elec. Ry. to Woodstock. Motor via Hami ton, Brantford, Woodstock. Hotels: Atlantic, 35; Ingers< Inn, 30; and 2 others. Write, Sec. Bd. Trade. JACKSON'S POINT. (Lake Simcoe. Maps 2 & 10). 51 m. ( S. Shore Lake Simcoe. On C.N.R. & T. & Y. Elec. R Motor up Yonge St. Good roads. Bathing beaches. Boa ing. Brier Golf and Country Club, 9 holes. Bass, ma kilonge, etc. Ojibway Indian settlement on Georgina Islan 3 m. Hotels: Orillia, 75; Royal, 60; Palmer, 40.

JONES FALLS. (Rideau Lakes. Map 9). 198 m. C.N.R. I Elgin, 5 m. Motor via Belleville, Kingston, Seeley's Ba Hotel Kenney, 100. KEARNEY. (Parry Sound. Map 10). 166 m. Ottawa Di C.N.R. Motor via Bracebridge, Scotia Junction. Duck ar partridge. Trout and bass, 2 m. Deer, 8 m. Guides ol tainable. S. Hotel, Maganetawan Camp. KEEWATIN. (Lake of the Woods. Map 11). 1,156 m. Hote Keewatin, 30. XENORA. (Lake of the Woods. Map 11). 1,106 m. Heac quarters of Lake of The Woods District. C.P.R. Mote road to Winnipeg under construction. Week-end resort fc Ft. William, 8 hrs., and Winnipeg, 4 hrs. Many U.S. summe residences. Safe beaches, sailing, rowing, social and go)

56 TOURIST GUIDE

islands in Kenora Ba; r»inh* Annual Regatta. Many Touris r,ss masSnge, clribou, outfitting point. Hotels: Ottawa 25; C.P.R. Sun flO- C™mmerc?fl, 50; Dalmore, 20; Ulr Hotel Write Secty. Board of Trade, Kenora, Ont. KINCABDNB (Lake Huron. Maps 3 & 10). 160 m. On Lai Motor via Guelph, Harriston Greenoc îron CNR Lai Paôeine sailing Tennis, bowling, golf (9 holes). perch, herring. Summer cottages, cam; Sout whitei fish Queen's (s), 60; Morgan' ing ground Hotels: Royal, 50; (Lake Ontario. Maps 5, 9 & 10). 159 m. J KINGSTON. of Rideau Canal C.RI opening of St. Lawrence R. Outlet Lake and River steamers call. Motor via Oshaw CNR Vincent, N Cobourg, Belleville. Auto ferry from Cape black bass, pickerel, maskilonge in river ai Good fishing, Outfits su iîflnd lakes reached by boat, train or auto. by F Cooke. Hotels: Randolph, 65; Belvedere, 2 Si?d W others. Frontenac, 60; British American 60; and 5 (Kawartha Lakes. Map 2 .94 m. C. N XIRXFIELD. on Tre via Newmarket, Gamebridge Lift Lock Motor Hotel, Kir Canal. Tennis. Duck, partridge, black bass. Grand Riv< KITCHENER.' (Maps 1 & 10). 62 m Near Preston, a: CNR Elec. Ry. to Gait (12 m.), Waterloo, Hesoeler Motor via Cooksville, Georgetown Guelr Hotels Walper, 250; American, 50; Grand Central, 40 a: 2 others. Write, Secy. Bd of Trade. LAKEPIELD. (Kawartha Lakes. Maps 2, 8 & 10). 84 the Otonabee River. C.N.R., C.P.R. at Peterboroui On Peterborough. Bo* (9 m) Motor via Port Hope, ' Deer, ing. Duck and partridge; Lunge, bass. 15 Guides obtainable. Tennis, bowling. Social club. Hote Buckhorn, 75: Lakefield, 41. LEAMINGTON (Lake Erie. Maps 1 & 10). 211 m. M.C.. Elec Ry. to Windsor, 38 m. Motor via Hamilti P M R Autost< Simcoe, St. Thomas. S.S. to Pelee Island. Hotel, •LINDSAY. (Kawartha Lakes. Maps 2, 8 & 10). 69 m. i Lindsay river connecting lakes Scugog and Sturgej Motor via Port Perry, through Unionville or Whitl Steamer to points on Sturgeon Lake. Ducks, 6 m. Ba maskilonge, 10 m. Guides obtainable. Hotels: Bens 100; Elsmure, 60; Central, 50; and others. *IISTOWEL (Maps 1 & 10) 96 m. C.N.R., C.P.R. Motor Guelph, Palmertson. Hotels: Queen's, 45; Arlington, 27. LITTLE CURRENT. (Manitoulin Island. Maps 10 & 11). 347 C.P.R. at Espanola, thence Algoma E. Ry. Motor Barrie, Gravenhurst, Huntsville, North Bay, Sudbu Canoeing, rowing. Bass, pickerel, maskilonge, sain: trout. Deer, moose, caribou, small game. Guides £ equipment. Hotel, Mansion House, 42. LONDON. (Maps 1 & 10) 120 m. On River Thames. C.N, C.P.R. and M.C.Ry. Elec. Ry. to St. Thomas, 18 m., £ Port Stanley, 23 m. Motor via Hamilton, Woodsto Tennis, bowling, golf (2 courses). Hotels: Tecumseh, 1 Belvedere, 125; Grigg, 60; and 7 others.

57 TOURIST GUIDE

ADAWASKA. (Nipissing District, Map 10.) 244 m. On Mada- waska River. C.N.R. (Ottawa, Renfrew, and Parry Sound route). Motor via Beaverton, Haliburton. Bass, some trout, few ducks and partridges, deer. Guides available. Hunt- ing and fishing along J. R. Booth's logging railroad. Good canoeing on Madawaska river. AGANATEWAN (Maganatewan Dist. Maps 4 & 10). 189 m. C.N.R. at Burk's Falls (18 m.). Motor via Barrie, Graven- hurst, Rosseau. Graves, Bigwood & Co. at Byng Inlet supply canoes, etc. Guides at Indian Reservation nearby, Bass, pickerel, deer; occasionally, moose and bear. Hotels, Klondike, 25; and at Byng Inlet, Maganetewan, 10. AFIr.E BEACH (Lake Simcoe. Map 2). 60 m. On Lake Simcoe. C.N.R. Motor via Newmarket, Keswick, Sutton. [EAPORD (Georgian Bay. Maps 3 & 10). 184 m. C.N.R. Motor via Brampton, Primrose, Collingwood. Bass in Harbour. Hotels: Paul's, 75; Queen's, 50; Riverside, 20. [IDLAND. (Georgian Bay. Maps 3, 4 & 10). 103 m. Alt. 593. C.N.R. Steamers to lake points. Motor via Barrie. Canoe- ing, sailing, tennis, golf, 2 m. Social Club. Fox, deer, 5 m. Ducks, geese, partridge. Bass, pickerel, trout. Guides obtainable. Hotels: Queens, 75; American, 60; and 2 others. Write Secy. Bd. of Trade. jRRISBUEG (Thousand Islands, St. Lawrence River. Maps 5 & 11). 241 m. C.N.R. Ferry to Waddington, N.Y. Motor via, Belleville, Kingston. Hotels: St. Lawrence, 31; Wind- sor, 12. APANEE. (Bay of Quinte. Maps 2, 5 & 10). 135 m. On Napanee River and Bay of Quinte. Motor via Port Hope ind Belleville. Ducks, 7 m. Bass, pickerel, maskilonge,

) m. Canoeing on river, sailing, 7 m. Tennis, bowling, rolf. Hotels: Campbell, 36; Lennox, 31; Paisley, 23. 1WBORO. (Rideau Lakes. Maps 5 & 9). 248 m. C.N.R. vlotor via Kingston and Elgin. Hotels: Rideau, 50; New Ontario, 20. WCASTLE (Lake Ontario. Maps 5 & 9). 48 m. C.P.R., C.N.R. klotor via Oshawa. Tennis, bowling (ladies' club.) Hotel, )riental, 15. W LISKEARD (N. Ontario. Map 11) 341 m. On Lake Temis- :aming. T. & N.O. Ry. Elec. Ry. to Haileybury, 5 m., Cobalt, 10 m. S. S. to Temiskaming connecting by short ine with C.P.R. at Mattawa. Motor via North Bay. Hotels, Vindsor, 39; Grand Union, 37. SWMARKET (Maps 2 & 10). 34 m. C.N.R. Elec. Ry. from 'oronto. Motor up Yonge St. Hotel, King George, 18. C AGARA FAXr,I.S. (Niagara Peninsula. Maps 2 & 10). 83 m. !.P.R., C.N.R., M.C.R., Erie Ry., N.Y.C-, and H.R.R., Lehigh r alley Lake Shore, Wabash, Pere Marquette. Motor via lamilton, St. Catharines, St. Davids. Golf, tennis. Canoe- ig at Chippewa 3 m., reached by trolley. Queen Victoria

ark at Falls. Power plants. . Queen Victoria Park Drive, lueenston, Niagara Falls to Fort Erie, 27 m., skirts banks if Niagara River. Brock's Monument at Queenston, 2 m. Ilea Ry. to St. Catharines, 12 rm See Ready Reference r iagara Falls. Hotels: Clifton, 450; Savoy, 100; Trennick, 3; Windsor, 30; Rosli, 25. j TOURIST GUIDE

Peninsula. Maps 2 & 10) WT . flm ON-THE-IAKE. (Niagara

,S 1, 5 1 Q 4 is ing and French River. Maps *^Mk BAY (Lake Ni p S HuntsvilU 22 CNE, C.P.R. Motor via T?,n m Falls. Cano ^ ,&«, ik,lls sTe'amer tr ps to Chaudiere m.MromT?out Lake to Mattawa and th Friotrip caDoui(abou" »»40 "!•; maskilong< P white fish, 5 obtainabh ridge * m Dw 5 m. Guides guclTtn^par Queen's, 65; Ceci Golf (t hofel) 5 m.' Hotels: Pacific, 84; George, 38. 60; King r« isr 5 21m. JN - Ri Bu" OAKVILLE (Lake Ontario. Maps 2 & 10). ^• ?- i On Hamilton Highway. Motor via Po line to Toronto. Sixteen Ml Elec Ry. to Hamilton, 19 m. On Credit golf. Hotel: Creek Fishing, canoeing sailing, bowling, Gibson, 25; Murray ,20 Village Inn (s); m. Betweebetwee *OBXLLZA. (Lake Simcoe. Maps 3, 4 & 10). 86 and Simcoe. C.N.R., C.P.R. Motor v Takes Couchiching maskilonge, hei Newmarket Barrie. Salmon trout, bass, partridge. Good sailing and cano. Hne white fish, duck, Waterwa: ££ Trips on the Severn River and Trent Valley golf. Guides available. County club TennJ bowUng lake Champla pa^ks Rama Indian Reserve across the Royal, 25; Onllia, 6< spent his first winter here. Hotels: 2 C.N.I *OSHAWA (Lake Ontario. Maps 2 & 10). 33% m. C.P.R., °Mo£7via Whftby. Canoeing, filing tennis bowling, go! Central, ^0. 9 firip narks Hotels: Commercial, 25; Capital of gominio •OTTAWA-T (Maps 5 & 10). 257 m. N. R., C. P. ^M*™™** 1 °On RMfau Canal. C. Aylmer, Brita Kingston. Electric Railway to Hull, ^ Lawrence River. Parliament Building nia S S to St. Fisheri Observatory Royal Mint. Experimental Farm Ang. & R.C. Cathedral. Ottav exhfbit Tgolf clubs. and de University 30 m. of driveway. Trout fishing Laurier, 350; Russ< in Zlurentian Mts. Hotels: Chateau So; Windsor? 125; Alexandra, 125; and many others. (Georgian Bay. Maps 3 & 4). 143 m. ON. OTTER LAKE Pai Motor viaOrillia, Bracebridge. Summer cottages. * ridge, duck, 1 m. Deer 2 to 3 m. (Georgian Bay. Maps 3 & 10). 122 m.On OWEN SOUND. Orang C.P.R., C.N.R. Motor via Cooksville, Sydenham Partridl Sherburne. S.S. lines to lake ports. Ducks> vflfe bass pike Can 2 to 10 m. Speckled trout salmon hare Hotels, .rait ing sailing, tennis, bowling, golf (2V2 m.). Seldom 50; Queen's, 45; and 2 others. son, 70; River

59 TOURIST GUIDE

J Midland, Maganetawan and French rivers. Deer, bear, 1 to 30 m. Duck and partridge 1 to 20 m. Pickerel, pike, bass,

; maskilonge, salmon trout. Canoe trips. Sailing, tennis. Guides available, apply R. Black. Hotels: Mansion, 40; Kipling, 50; Belvedere (s) 101, and others. PEMBROKE (Maps 4, 5 & 10). 296 m. On Ottawa River. rc.P.R., C.N.R. Motor via Gamebridge, Norland, Renfrew;

, or via Kingston, Perth, Renfrew. Hourly ferry to Alu- Island. S.S. to Joachims, 50 m. Deer, , mette Des trout

I fishing. Algonquin Nat. Park, 12 m. Hotels: Copeland, 98; i Pembroke, 65; Windsor, 50; and 2 others. JPENETANGUISHENE (Georgian Bay. Maps 3, 4 & 10). 102 Jm. C.N.R. Motor via Barrie. Good fishing and hunting.

, Deer, duck, partridge (10 m.). Canoe trips. Sailing, ten- l nis, bowling, golf. Guides obtainable. Social club. Hotel*

\ Canada (s) 60. PERTH (Maps 5 & 10). 200 m. C.P.R. On Tay Canal connecting with Ottawa (60 m.) and Kingston. Beautiful lakes. f Golf. Hotels, Hicks, 50; Revere, 35; Imperial, 30; McEwen, i 23 PETERBOROUGH (Kawartha Lakes. Maps 2, 8 & 10). 76 m. r C.P.R., C.N.R. On Provincial Highway. Motor via Port - Hope. Trips up Otonabee River over hydraulic lift-lock " (largest in the world), through Kawartha system, and down 5 through Rice Lake to Lake Ontario. Canoeing, sailing, ten- uis, bowling, golf. Duck, geese, partridge. Bass, maskilonge, deer 20 m. north. Guides obtainable. Hotels: Em-

; press, 75; American, 50; Grand, 28; and others. Write City • cierk, >ETROLIA. (Maps 1 & 10). 171 m. C.N.R., M.C.R. Motor ,via London, Warwick, Wyoming. Hotels: Tecumseh, 26;

i Normandy, and others. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. '»ICTON (Bay of Quinte. Maps 2 & 10). 140 m. C.N.R. Motor -via Belleville. Motor bus to Belleville 24 m. S.S. to Napa-

• nee and Kingston. Golf. Maskilonge, trout. Hotels, Globe, 100; Royal, 45. -3INT AU BAEIL (Georgian Bay, Map 10). 180 m. Alt. •638 ft. On Georgian Bay at end of promontory surrounded by Islands. 30 m. from Parry Sound. Fine canoe trip up ^Shawanaga river through lakes to Naiscoot Stn. Tennis at [Ojibway hotel. Bass, maskilonge, partridge, duck. Boat- ing, sailing, canoeing. Over 130 permanent cottages. ^Hotels: Ojibway, 70; Bellevue, 50; Skerryvore, 44. P.O. at ,each hotel to which mail should be addressed. C.P.R. [Special folder. ,ORT ARTHUR (Lake Superior. Map 11). 80 m. Head of Navigation on Lake Superior. C.N.R., C.P.R. Motor via fTorth Bay, Sudbury. See description of Lake Superior, oage 47. Hotels: Prince Arthur, 200; Mariaggi, 150; New Dntario, 76; and several others. ;RT BURWEIJ. (Lake Erie. Maps 1 & 10). 110 m. C.P.R. Alotor via Brantford, Tillsonburg. Coal boat to Cleveland twice daily. Trout streams nearby. Hotel Fayrite, 32. ORT COLBORNE. (Lake Erie. Maps 2 & 10.) 54 m. On Lake Erie at mouth of Welland canal. C.N.R. Motor via

60 TOURIST GUIDE

Hamilton, St. Catharines, Welland. Humberston summe resort Club nearby. Hotels: American 5; and 2 others. PORT DOVER (Lake Erie. Maps 1 & 10). 84 m. On Lyn River. C.N.R., L.E. & N. Ry. to Brantford, Gait, Kitchene: Waterloo and Hamilton. Motor via Hamilton, Caledonia Boating, tennis, dancing, trap shooting, bowling, golf (6 m. Safe bathing beach. Social clubs. Canoe trips on Blac Creek, Silver Lake and River Lynn. Bass fishing at Lon Pt. and Turkey Pt. Ducks, geese, rabbits abound; som partridge; deer 8 m., protected. Guides available. Cros marks spot where the first white men landed on the Shore of L. Erie and the site of their winter camp, garages; natural gas. Camps of Y.M.C.A. and Kiwani Summer cottage sites on high bluffs. Hotels: Terrace, Orchard Beach (s) 40; Commercial, 15, and others. Wri1 Sec. Bd. of Trade. FORT ELGIN (Lake Huron. Maps 3 & 10). 145 m. On La* Huron. C.N.R. Motor via Guelph, Clifford, Paisley. A sun mer resort. Hotels: Queen's, 35; Arlington, 20. PORT HOPE. (Lake Ontario. Maps 2 & 10). 63 m. On Lai Ontario at mouth of the Ganaraska River. C.N.R., C.P.] Motor via Oshawa. Maskilonge, bass, duck, at Rice Lak 9 m. Boating, tennis, bowling. Local and Indian Guid< obtainable. Very pretty scenery. Hotels: Queen's, Royal, 28.

PORT McNICOLL, (Georgian Bay. Maps 3, 4 & 10). 108 I C.P.R. Motor via Barrie. Hotel, The Inn, 30. PORT PERRY (Kawartha Lakes, Maps 2 & 10). 52 m. C.N.: Motor via Markham, Brooklin. On Lake Scugog. Duck geese, partridge, rabbits, 3 m. Maskilonge, bass. Guid obtainable. Canoeing, sailing, tennis, bowling, golf. Mai summer cottages. Hotel: Sebert, 20. PORT ROWAN. (Lake Erie. Maps 1 & 10). 105 m. On Lai Erie. C.N.R. Motor via Hamilton, Jarvis, Simcoe. Boa ing, bass and perch fishing; trout streams. Good sni shooting. Partridge and duck plentiful. Rabbits nearb ducks, 3 m. Guides have cottages for customers. Mot launches—guides available. Natural gas. Hotel, St. Charl< 9. Apply, Town Clerk. PORT STANLEY (Lake Erie. Maps 1 & 10). 130 m. C.N. Elec. Ry. to St. Thomas, 9 m., London, 24 m. Motor \ Hamilton, Jarvis, St. Thomas. Bass and wild fowl. Hot Gilmour, 30. PORTLAND. (Rideau Lakes. Maps 5 & 9). 199 m. Motor \ Kingston, Seeley's Bay. Hotels: Commercial, 75; Garre Rest, 65; 2 boarding houses. *PRESCOTT (Thousand Islands. Maps 5 & 10). 220 m. C.P.] C.N.R. Motor via Kingston, Prescott. Car ferry to N.Y C F at Ogdensburg, N.Y. Bass and maskilonge. Hotel: Danie 30; Alexandra, 40. PRESTON (Maps 1 & 10). 64 m. C.N.R., C.P.R., G.R.R. (fr( Gait). Motor via Guelph, Hespeler. At the confluence the Speed and Grand Rivers. Tennis, bowling, golf. Ba fishing. Hotels, Kress, 65; Central, 27; Braeside Lod (Sanatorium), 18.

61 TOURIST GUIDE

RENFREW (Maps 4, 5 & 10). 262 m. C.P.R., C.N.R. Motor via Kingston, Perth. Calabogie, or via Gamebridge, Minden, Brudeneii. Hotels: Renfrew, 60; Dominion, 54; Ottawa, 50; and 3 others. BRIDGETOWN (Lake Brie. Maps 1 & 10). 165 m. M.C.R., P.M.R. ' Motor via Hamilton, St. Thomas. Ducks and fishing at Rondeau Park, 11 m. Nat. Gas. Hotel: Arlington, 35. T. CATHARINES. (Niagara Peninsula. Maps 2 & 10). 69 m. On Welland Canal. C.N.R. Steamer to Toronto 35 m. Motor via Hamilton. Elec. Ry. to Niagara Falls, 12 m. Welland m., J 18 m., Port Colborne 21 Niagara-on-the-Lake 12 m., 3 m., Meritton 2 m., Thorold 6 < Dalhousie m. Canoeing at Port Dalhousie. Golf (9 holes). Bowling. Bishop Ridley ] College (boys). Canadian Henley Regatta held annually Canal. Mineral Springs, specific for i on Welland a rheuraa-

} tism. Hotels: Welland House (Mineral baths), 125; Grand Central, 100; New Murray, 75. ( (ST. MARYS (Maps 1 & 10) 99 m. Alt. 1,082. C.N.R., C.P.R. via Guelph, Stratford, or via Hamilton, Woodstock. l Motor

) Boating on Thames River. Fine scenery. Hotels: Windsor,

\ 30; Royal Edward, 25; Garnet, 25; and others. ST. THOMAS. (Maps 1 & 10). 121 m. C.P.R., C.N.R., P.M.R., Ry., J31ec. Ry. to Port 8 ; M.C.R., Wabash Stanley m., Lon- 18 via Hamilton, Brantford, \ don m. Motor Norwich, Till-

: sonburg, Aylmer. Horticultural Society. 2 social clabs. Hotels: Grand Central, SO; Park View, 50; Talbot, 50; Empire, 35. Write, Sec. Bd. Trade. ; SARNIA (Lake Huron. Maps 1 & 10). 170 m. at mouth of f St. Clair River. C.N.R., P.M.R. Motor via Hamilton, Lon-

! don. Ferry carries autos across St. Clair River. Summer

I, cottages and large summer hotel at Lake Huron Beach

|| (3 m.) and on river St. Clair (6 m.). Picnic grounds, '. camp sites, safe bathing, dancing pavilion. Boat trips to all lake ports. Canoeing on lake and St. Clair river. L Fine auto roads up and down river and lake. Black ' bass at Kettle Pt. 30 m., and at Sarnia Rapids. Perch, pickerel, pike and herring with dip nets in river. Riding

: club, golf club. Hotels: Vendome, 67; Colonial, 42; North- ern Apartments, 41; and 4 others. For full information re- l guarding* touring* into the scenic North Country and points

: along- the Great Blue "Waterway write Geo. F. France,

I- Sec. Blue Water Highway Assoc, Sarnia. See advertisement Jpag"e 54. !

[ North Bay, Sudbury. Numerous trout streams, 4 m. Rain- fbow trout in Sault Rapids. Salmon trout in smaller lakes. /Bass, pike. Deer, small game. Caribou, 15 m. Outfitting \and guides obtainable. Tourist camp site. Hotels: Algon- quin, 50; Grand View, 60; Algoma, 40; Royal, 40, and 3 pothers. tEAPORTH (Maps 1 & 10). 113 m. C.N.R. Motor via Guelph, Stratford. Hotels: Commercial, 25; Queen's, 20.

62 TOURIST GUIDE

*SIMCOE. (Maps 1 & 10). 84 m. On River Lynn, 8 m. fro Port Dover. C.N.R. and L.E. & N. Elec. Ry. On new higl way Niagara Falls to Windsor. Motor via: Hamilto Jarvis, Hotels: Melbourne, 42; Battersby, 35; Norfolk, 4 Queen's, 35. ^SMITH'S FALLS (Rideau Lakes. Maps 5, 9 & 10)., 211 On Rideau River. Rideau Lake 7 m. C.P.R., C.N.R. Mot via Belleville, Kingston. Tennis, golf. Hotels: Pallise 45; Rideau, 40; Russell, 30; Arlington, 30. SOUTHAMPTON. (Lake Huron. Maps 3 & 10). 148 m. C.N.: (Hamilton and Southampton Div.). On Lake Huron ai Saugeen River. Motor via Guelph, Harriston, Pinkerto Good boating on lake and river. Lake trout, white fis perch, and herring plentiful. Tennis and bowling. Ducks, 4 Camping ground and summer cottages. Hotels: (s) Pa 50; Walker, 50; Commercial, 30; Hillcrest, 20. SOUTH RIVER. (Parry Sound. Map 4). 188 m. C.N. Motor via Barrie, Gravenhurst, Burk's Falls. 6 m. frc Eagle Lake. Canoe trips to Algonquin Park. Duck a: partridge nearby. Trout 6 m. and 12 m. Red deer (priva camps) 5 to 20 m. Guides available. Hotel, Queen's, *STRATFORD. (Maps 1 & 10). 88 m. C.N.R. Motor via Gueli Kitchener. Hotels: Queen's, 35; Empire, 25; Mansion, Windsor. *STRATHROY (Maps 1 & 10) 139 m. C.N.R., C.P.R. (6 m Motor via Hamilton, Woodstock, London. Hotels: Queer 30; American, 23. *STURG£ON PALLS (Map 10). 250 m. Alt. 685. On La Nipissing. C. P. R. Motor via Barrie, Gravenhur North Bay. Outfitting point for French River, game, bass, maskilonge. Daily S.S. to points on La Nipissing. Hotels: Kirkup, 40; Windsor, 25. *SUDBURY (Maps 10 & 11). 260 m. C.P.R., C.N.R. Moi via Barrie, Gravenhurst, Sturgeon Falls. Moo deer, bass. Guides available. Hotels: Nickel Range, V New American, 80; King Edward, 50. SUNDRIDGE (Algonquin Park. Maps 4 & 10). 183 m. C R. On Lake Bernard. Motor via Barrie, Gravenhui Burk's Falls. Good bathing beach. Easy access to Alg< quin Park, 16 m. Canoe trips through Lake Bernard Maganetawan river. Deer, 10 m. Ducks, partridge, sain trout, speckled trout. Cottages to rent. Guides availat apply to N.A. McCaskill. Hotel: Bernard, 19. SUTTON (Lake Simcoe, Maps 3 & 10). 54 m. C.N.R. Mo via Newmarket, Keswick. On Black River, 2 m. fr Jackson's Point. Trout, whitefish, bass. Canoeing, sail! tennis, bowling. Golf, 2 m. Hotel, Queen's, 25. *THESSAI,ON (N. Shore Lake Huron. Map 11). 391 C.P.R. Motor via North Bay, Sudbury. S.S. to Ov Sound, Collingwood, Soo, and Mackinaw Island. Hoi Heffernan, 50. THOROLD (Niagara Peninsula. Maps 2 & 10). 74 m. C.I Motor via Hamilton, St. Catharines. Elec. Ry. to Niag Falls, 9 m., St. Catharines, 4 m., Welland, 12 m., Pt. C borne, 8 m. Hotels: City; Summit; Welland, 25.

63 TOURIST GUIDE

HLBUKY (Maps 1 & 10). 194 m. C.P.R., M.C.R. Motor via Hamilton, London, Chatham. Hotels: Empire, 36; Com- mercial, 7. TILLSONBUBO (Maps 1 & 10). 98 m. C. N. R.. C. P. R., ; N.Y.C., W.R. Motor via Hamilton, Brantford, Norwich. Hotels: Arlington, 45; Imperial, 24; Royal, 25. TORONTO. (Maps 2 & 10). C.P.R., C.N.R. Points of interest : Parliament Buildings, in Queen's Park; Osgoode Hall Law Courts; City Hall; Grange Art Gallery; Central Tech- nical School (a model to the world); High Park; Rosedale

{ Ravines; Sunnyside drive and boardwalk; Toronto Island; i Exhibition grounds; Old Fort Rouille. Cricket, tennis, 12 golf clubs; 3 municipal golf clubs; yachting, ] private mdtor canoeing. (drag) hunting, horse | boating, Fox race meet- ings, lawn bowling, trap shooting. Yacht club. Zoological /Gardens. Ang. & R.C. Cathedrals. Hotels: King Edward,

1 1000; Queen's, 250; Prince George, 250; Walker House, 200; i» Westminster, 110. later Trips from Toronto. The Canada S. S. Lines gives (the following summer service:— (a) to Niargara-on-the- ' Lake, Queenston, and Lewiston, N.Y., 42 m., 3 hrs., connecting with trains for Niagara Falls and Buffalo; (b) to Hamil- ton, 35 m., 3 hrs.; (c) to Grimsby, 30 m., 3 hrs; (d) to Mont- real, 26 hrs., three times weekly. The C.P.R. Great Lakes ;3.S. Service takes passengers to Fort William; special trains connect with steamers at Port McNicoll and Owen Sound. For other steamer trips see under Towns below. jRENTON. (Lake Ontario. Maps 2 & 10). 101 m. C.P.R., ?2.N.R. Motor via Oshawa, Port Hope. Canoe trips up

: Trent river. Ducks, bass, maskilonge. Pike in Bay of •^uinte. Sailing, canoeing, tennis, golf. Hotels: Gilbert, 50; Kew Quinte, 20; Royal; Grand Union. WEED. (Maps 2 & 10). 131 m. On Moira River. C.N.R., 1P.R. Motor via Belleville. Hotel, Huyck's, 35. ALIfACEBURG (Maps 1 & 10). 220 m. P.M.Ry. and C.W. & ;^.E. Ry. (Elec.) connecting with C.P.R. and C.N.R, at Chatham. Motor via Hamilton, London, Thamesville. lotels: Dupont, 30; Tecumseh, 24; Empire, 19.' LSHAGO (Lake Couchiching. Maps 3, 4 & 10). 95 m. Out- let of Severn River. Motor up Yonge St. Hotel, North- ern, 20. ATERLOO (Maps 1 & 10) 64 m. Alt. 1,056. C.N.R., G.R,R, Tom Kitchener (2 m.). Motor via Brampton, Guelph, kitchener. Hotel, Commercial, 12. ;UBAUSHENE (Georgian Bay. Maps 3 & 4). 106 m. i.N.R. Motor via Newmarket, Orillia. Deer, 10 m. Ducks, -artridge, bass, maskilonge, pickerel. Guides available, ipply C. J. Martman. Canoe trips. Hotels: Alexandria s) 30; Bay View (s) 30; Lake View (s) 25. ELLAND (Niagara Peninsula. Maps 2 & 10). 85 m. On yelland Ship Canal and Welland River 8 m. from Lake Me, 14 m. from Niagara Falls. C.N.R., M.C.R., Wabash,

[. H. & B. Ry.. Elect. Ry. to Port Colborne. Thorold, Niagara Falls and Port Weller. Motor via Hamilton, eamsville. Hotels: Dexter, 50; Reeta, 50; and 2 others.

64 TOURIST GUIDE C.N.R. Lakes. Maps 5, -9 & 10). 252 m VESTPOBT. (Rideau Wardrobe, Mo" via Belleville, Napanee, Oates. Hotels: 40; Windsor, 40; American, 25

e 6: H of B°^ 'Maps 3 * 10). 153 m. At head ATTU (™^n Shelburne, Bay. CNR. Motor via Orange ville, Colpoys Hares nearby Deer, OweS Sound Canoeing, sailing. . geese, partridge, 5 m. Guides obtainable. 35 m Duck, Bay. Summer resorts at Oliphant, Golden Valley and Pike Hotels- Arlington, 47; Pacific, 30. River. M.C.R. (M^ps i & 10). 223 m. On Detroit WTINDSOR? on Lake Motor via Hamilton, London, Chatham. Sailing Tennis, bowling, golf (18 holes). Hotels: Craw- St Clair. Prince Ed- ford, 100; British American, 50; Harendeen, 35;

(Maps 1 & 10). 88 m. C.N.R., C.P.R. Elec. Ry. *WOODSTOCX. Tennis, Ingersoll (10 m.) Motor via Hamilton, Paris. to Hotels: Oxford, bowHnl golf (2 courses). English hare. 50; Royal, 35; Commercial, 20; Rapson, 20.

Parliament Buildings, Toronto.

65 MAP OF COUNTIES IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO.

66 SETTLERS' GUIDE

The Ontario Settlers' Guide

J.RICULTURAL INFORMATION. See Ready Reference under the following heads,—Apples, Area Cultivated, Barley, Beans Butter, Cattle, Celery, Cheese, Cherries, Corn, Dairy- Fruit ins Farms for Sale, Field Crops, Flax, Fodder Crops, Industry, Grapes, Grape Juice, Hay, Honey, Horses, Melons, Onions, 'Peaches, Pears, Plums, Potatoes, Poultry, Ranching, Sheep, Tobacco, Wine, Wool Clip. D TO SETTLERS. In N. Ontario the Ontario Government loans money up to $500 at 6 per cent, for purchase of seed cattle, and farm implements and for buildings and land' development. Apply Settlers Loan Commissioner, Parliament Bldgs., Toronto. The Government operates a creamery at New Liskeard. tRICUIiTURAIi CREDIT. Short Loans may be made by a Farm Loan Association under the Ontario Farm Loans Act, 1921, (a) to purchase seed, fertilizers, and other supplies; (b) to purchase implements and machinery; (c) to purchase cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, and poultry; (d) to pay cost of carrying on farming, ranching, dairying, or other agricultural operation; (e) to pay cost of preparing land for cultivation; (f) to pay fire or life insurance where required, in the opinion of the directors, as collateral security for a loan made for any of the above purposes. To form an Associa- tion at least 30 members must subscribe one $100 share and pay 10%. The council of a local municipality may subscribe and issue Debentures for payment. Long" Loans may be made by the Agricultural Development Board under the Agricultural Development Act, 1921, to acquire land for agriculture, erect farm buildings pay existing mortgages and tile drains, principal and interest to be paid by annual installments in from 3 to 20 years. See Government Savings Banks under Ready Reference.

SOWN L^ANDS. Subject to settlement duties land may be obtained by free grant or purchase in any district in Northern Ontario and in Parry Sound, Muskoka, Haliburton, Peterborough, North Hastings, Frontenac, Addington and Renfrew counties in Old Ontario. Free grants are available for returned soldiers in any township regularly opened for sale. In townships subdivided into 320 acres a half lot may be acquired by each applicant and in other townships heads of families may secure 200 acres and single men 100 acres each. Purchase price is 50c. per acre, pay- able one-quarter cash and the balance in 3 equal annual payments with interest at 6%. For further information, details of settlement duties etc., write Dept. Lands & Forests, Toronto.

67 SETTLERS' GUIDE

. SERVICE TO FARMERS. Below are given the nami and addresses of the County representatives of the Oi tario Department of Agriculture. These gentlemen, a graduates of the Ontario Agricultural College, rend* practical advice and assistance in a multitude of waj to the farmers in their districts. They are always read to answer enquiries from intending settlers. R. S. Dunca: Director, and W. D. Jackson, Asst. Director, have the offices in the Parliament Buildings, Toronto. COUNTY NAME ADDRESS Algoma, J. M. Mcintosh, Sault Ste. Marie, Brant. R. Schuyler, Paris, Bruce, Campbell Lamont, Walkerton, Carleton, C. M. Meek, Carp, Dufferin, H. A. Dorrance, Orangeville, Dundas, A. E. Springstead, Morrisburg, Durham, F. C. Paterson, Port Hope, Elgin, C. W. Buchanan, St. Thomas Essex, Justus Miller, Essex, Frontenac, A. W. Sirett, Kingston, Glengarry, D. E. MacRae, Alexandria, Grenville, W. M. Croskery, Kemptville, Grey, T. S. Cooper, Markdale, Haldimand, C. Frey, Cayuga, Halton, R. R. Fleming, Milton, Hastings, Ray Atkin, Stirling, Huron, S. B. Stothers, Clinton, Kenora, M. F. Cook, Dryden, Kent, Ralph E. White, Chatham, Lambton, W. P. Macdonald, Petrolia, Lanark, F. Forsyth, Perth, Leeds, E. F. Neff, Athens, Lennox & Adding- ton, C. C. Main, Napanee, Lincoln, W. S. Van Every, St. Catharines. Manitoulin, R. E. Cumming, Gore Bay, Middlesex, R. A. Finn, London, Muskoka & Parry Sound, R. S. Beckett, Huntsville, Norfolk, G. G. Bramhill, Simcoe, Northumberland, H. Sirett, Brighton, Ontario, R. M. Tipper, Uxbridge, Oxford, G. R. Green, Woodstock, Peel, J. A. Carroll, Brampton, Perth, M. C. McPhail, Stratford, Peterborough, F. C. McRae, Norwood, Prince Edward, A. P. MacVannel, Picton, Prescott & Rus- sell, F. Larose, Plantagenet, Rainy River, I. F. Metcalf, Emo, Renfrew, M. H. Winter, Renfrew, Simcoe North, A. Hutchinson, Barrie, Simcoe South J. J. E. McCague, Alliston, Sudbury, D. J. Robicheau, Sudbury, Timiskaming. W. G. Nixon, New Liskeard, 63 SETTLERS' GUIDE

Thunder Bay, mni , a _ Ft. William Dist. Fraser Roas, Ft. William, Pt Arthur Dist. P. S. Thomas, Port Arthur, Victoria, A. A. Knight, Lindsay, Waterloo, J. S. Knapp, Gait, Welland, R. J. Bryden, ^eUand, rth Wellington, R. H. Clemens, ^. ^' Wentworth, W. G. Marritt, Hamilton York, R. J- Rogers, Newmarket,

of the Bulletin Service. The Department of Agriculture Ontario Government distributes to farmers, on request, practical bulletins, free of charge, covering every valuable, the branch of activity on the farm Write for copies to Department of Agriculture. Parliament Buildings, Toronto. SOLDIER SETTLEMENT BOARD. The Soldier Settlement of the Dominion Government gives financial assist- Board land ance to returned soldiers who desire to settle on the Write or telephone to the Soldier Settlement Board, 32 Adelaide Street East, Toronto. Phone Main 7913. FRUIT DISTRICTS. The commercial cultivation of peaches and grapes extends from Hamilton on Lake Ontario through the Niagara River, thence westerly the Niagara District to Lake aYong Like Erie, Lake St. Clair the southern part of district embracing nine counties and over 300 Huron, a found every- miles in length. Pear and plum orchards are the counties bordering on the Great Lakes and where hi and berries the Georgian Bay. The belt in which apples grown for market extends 400 miles east and west are boundary. and 50 to 150 miles north from the southern FARMS. Fifty to a hundred acres can be pur- IMPROVED to chased in the older portions of Ontario at from $30 per acre, the larger price including cost of build- $100 application ings List of Farms for sale may be had on Director of Colonization, at the Parliament Build- to the agen- ings, Toronto. For addresses of reliable farm land cies,' write Heaton's Agency, Toronto.

South-Western Ontario

SOUTH-WESTERN ONTARIO is bounded on the north by Lake Huron and the Georgian Bay; on the west by the River; on St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and the Detroit the south by Lake Erie; on the east by the East boundary of the County of York and Lake Simcoe. The climate is modified by the proximity to the Great Lakes, and is well adapted to fruit culture. It is the most southerly and most thickly populated section, and includes the following &9 SETTLERS' GUIDE

Counties: (a) On Lake Erie—Elgin, Essex, Haldimand Kent, Norfolk, and Welland. (b) On Lake Huron and Georgian Bay—Huron, Lambton, Bruce, Grey, Simcoe. (c)l On Lake Ontario—Halton, Lincoln, Peel, Wentworth, and York, (d) In Centre—Brant, Dufferin, Middlesex, Ox- ford, Perth, Waterloo and Wellington.

BRANT CO. Generally undulating to hilly. Soil in centre and west sandy to clay loam, with gravelly sub-soil; in east heavy clay. Watered by Nith, Grand, and Whiteman Rivers and small creeks. Mixed farming, dairying and beef raising. Leading crops and acreage, 1922, wheat, 17,202; barley, 4,735; oats, 33,293; rye, 10,258; corn, 12,057; orchards, 4,628; small fruits, 690; pastures, 27,953. In 1922 there were 9,287 horses. 31,189 cattle, 8,154 sheep, 21.798 swine, and 4 creameries. Chief centres: Brantford, 33,292; Paris, 4,368. Farms cost $40.00 to $125.00 per acre. Pop. (exclusive of Brantford) 20,085—Scotch, English, Irish and some Penn. Dutch.

BRUCE CO. Land is rolling. Soil, 6 in. mostly good clay loam, part sandy and heavy clay; subsoil of limestone in parts, clay in others. Watered by 3 rivers and many creeks. Wells 20 to 100 ft. Served by C.N.R., C.P.R. and branches. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat. 33,901; Barley, 15,325; oats, 113,677; peas, 6,325; corn, 9,705; potatoes, 4,189; turnips, 2,502; mangels, 2,087; hay and clover, 136,148; Alfalfa, 17,230; orchards, 7,440; small fruits, 355; pastures, 155,927. In 1922 there were 24 183 horses, 109,302 cattle, 38,504 sheep, 43,895 swine, 3 cheese factories, 9 creameries. Chief centres, Walkerton, 2,344; Chesley, 1,708; Kincardine, 2,077; Wiarton, 1,726; South- ampton, 1,537. Water power in all sections supplying towns with electric light and power. Heavy woods and good hunting in north. Farms cost $40 to $110 per acre. Pop. 44,285—Irish, German, Scotch and English.

DUFFERIN CO. In east part rolling, hilly and dry; in west, flat, swampy in parts. Soil, sandy loam and clay loam; sandy subsoil. Wells 20 to 100 ft. Served by C.P.R. (2 branches) and C.N.R. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 7,347; Barley, 12,546; oats, 63,892; Rye, 5,767; peas, 2,990; potatoes, 6,099. In 1922 there were 11,880 horses, 48,399 cattle, 29,408 sheep, 30,112 swine. 1 cheese factory, 4 creameries, 1 combined factory. Chief cities: Orangeville, 2,187; Shelburne, 1,072; Grand Valley, 620. Farms cost $30 to $100 per acre. Pop. 15,415. British.

ELGIN CO. On Lake Erie. Fairly flat. Soil, sandy and clay loam; subsoil, clay. Wells 20 to 100 ft. Good roads, 6 lines of railway. Hydro-elec. power from Niagara used by many farmers for light and power. Fruit growing includes apples, peaches, grapes, cherries plums, melong, small fruits, Dairying is well developed; eleven

70 S. W. ONTARIO COUNTIES.

crops cheese factories; five creameries. The leading anl acreage, 1922: wheat 34,374; barley, 4 601; oats, 027- peas, 1,486; beans, 8,136; corn, 33,756, 57 rye, 3,325; In 7,538; small fruits, 998; pastures 89,492 , orchards, 1 1922 there Were 16,179 horses, 66 388 cattle, 20 994 sheep Tobacco successfully cultivated. Chief , 50 580 swine. Rodney, centres St Thomas, 16,026; Port Stanley, 973; 756- Lome, 755; Dutton, 813; Springfield, 460; Ayl- West Farms aver- - 2,194. Summer resort at Port Stanley. mer English. age $120. Pop. 44,984—Scotch, Irish and CO. Between Lakes Erie and St. Clair. Most south- ESSEX south; else- erly portion of Ontario. Slightly rolling at and S Soil, where flat, with a slight ridge running N loam, with clay sub-soil: well drained and ! generally clay sandy loam, with gravelly subsoil, suitable for I on ridges peaches At base of Point Pelee, near Leamington, are black muck, 1 2 800 acres of reclaimed marsh land, with subsoil. Well watered with rivers, ! to 10 ft and clay main creeks and some artesian wells. Served by C.P.R. M.C.R., Pere Marquette and Wabash Rys., and 3 elec. line Kingsyille and line's Lake steamers call at Windsor, Leamington. Natural gas in common use. Climate is from early and late frosts. Leading crops and acre- free rye age, 1922: wheat, 48,493; barley, 7,465; oats 57 027; sugar beets, 1,195; orchards, 6,010, 3325- corn, 82,253; were small fruits, 1,362; pastures, 46,870. In 1922 there swine; 3 19 037 horses, 41,520 cattle, 24,491 sheep, 98,420 combined factory. Chief centres: Sandwich, creameries, 1 Leamington, 4 415 Windsor, 38,591; Walkerville, 7,059; 3'675- Ford City, 5,870; Amherstburg, 2,769; Essex, 1,588; Kingsville, 1,783. Average price of land per acre: Good land, $125 to $150; peach land m bearing, $500, peach land, apple land, about $100; corn land, $65 up; vegetable sugar beet land, $65 up; tobacco land, from $100 to $500; 102,575— $100 up; mixed farming land, $70 to $125. Pop. j British and French.

' half Pelee Island. The extreme southerly point of Canada, of Lake way 20 m.. between Canadian and U.S. shores acres; about 140 farms cultivated; pro- Erie Area, 30,000 gram. duces tobacco, grapes, peaches, etc., Potatoes, corn Large canals have been dredged running E. and W. and to JN. Fisheries are valuable. Pop. 793, all British.

Rolling, flat in parts. Soil chiefly clay loam GREY CO. 70 subsoil varies. Watered by springs and creeks; wells C.N.R. and ft. Mixed farming and fruit. Served by C.P.R., Famous for Northern Spy apples. Hydro- Lake S.S. Line. and electric power from Eugenia Palls Leading crops acreage, 1922, wheat, 28,175; barley, 24 894; oats, 161,316 159 peas, 6,810; corn, 10,535; potatoes, 6,679; turnips 3 alfalfa, 22,330; hay and clover 176,105, mangels, 1,990; In orchards, 10,747; small fruits, 507; pastures, 158,163. 1922 there were 29,427 horses, 135,525 cattle, 62,834 sheep, 62,131 swine; 12 creameries. Chief centres: Owen Sound, 71 SETTLERS' GUIDE

12,190; Meaford, 2,650; Hanover, Thornbury 2,781; Durham 1494 820 Farms average $75 per acre. P6p. 59,05 —English, Irish, Scotch. HALDEHAND CO. Mostly rolling, one-third flat, 12,500 acres! marshy, balance fairly dry. Soil, generally very fertile ill mostly clay loam, 7 inches; about 13,000 acres black loam' to Wlth hard S A ^^-S' clay subsoil. Wells, 40 ft Served by C.N.R. and Wabash Ry. Grain and dairy farming Leading crops and acreage, 1922, wheat, 24,801- barlev 5,209; oats, 43,583; corn, 6,023; alfalfa, 19,720; orchards S a11 fruits 351; ' Pastures, 39,251. In 1922 there 10,851t£%U horses,^ weS 37,177 cattle, 15,658 sheep, 20,856 swinl 7 creameries cheese 2 factories. Live stock is marketed' at Buffalo and Toronto, dairy produce at Toronto and Hamil- 2 CU e m es Chief * centres: Dunnville, 1°?6a. ^ i X ^fV,^ lx 3^224; Caledonia, 1,223; Hagersville, 1,169; Cayuga, 784 Beautiful scenery along Grand River and lake average front. Farms $85 per acre. Pop. 21,287—German, Irish, and i^ngiish.

HALTON CO. On Lake Ontario. Flat from lake for 2 miles, to an escarpment; on the E. generally rolling; on the W. hilly Soil to north, sandy loam; in centre, to escarpment, clay loam to heavy clay; between escarpment and lake sandy to sandy loam. Running N. and S. is a range of low clay hills used for brick and terra cotta. Well watered d R r a d num erous streams. o?^ o i\? ^ ?T Wells average 25 ft. Served by C.N.R. main line and branches, and C.P.R ^lectric ; Ry. to Hamilton. Cement road from Toronto to .Hamilton. Southern part devoted to fruit farming Lead- ing crops and acreage, 1922, wheat, 10,142; barley, 7 132* 33 058; Cn rds 7 ' 148; sma11 ' fruits 981 Pastures', SfQ^n V io^o ?L ' ' n 19 ere 8 were ' 191 nors es, 32,974 cattle, ?H™ i? ?foJ£ - o 12,480 sheep, 15,887 swine; 3 creameries. Chief Georgetown, centres- 2,061; Oakville, 3,298; Burlington, 2 709- Mil- n Acton 1,722. S> .. UJ3; Farms average $100 per ' acre. Pop. 24,899—English, Scotch, Irish, a few Indians.

HURON CO. Undulating to comparatively level. About 85% cultivated. Soil deep rich clay loam, occasional sandy loam near lake. Subsoil deep clay mixed in places with limestone gravel. Watered by Maitland, Bayfield and Aux Sable Rivers. Served by C.P.R. (2 lines), C.N.R. (2 lines), and very good roads. Lake Huron (60 m. frontage) tem- pers climate nearby. Leading crops and acreage, 1922, wheat, 40,723; barley, 19,377; oats, 143,292; peas, 4 321; beans, 5,513; corn, 12,678; potatoes, 3,892; turnips, 3,238; mangels, 2,798; hay and clover, 145,371; orchards, 12,118; a ruits 472 Pastures, SI? Jl ? > ; 185,233. In 1922 there were 30,714 horses, 124,068 cattle, 24,960 sheep, 61,111 swine; 3 cheese factories, 11 creameries, 1 combined factory. Apples, pears, peaches, plums, cherries, grapes and small fruits grow to perfection. Chief centres: Goderich, 4,107; Brus- sels, 870; Blyth, 656; Clinton, 2,018; Exeter, 1,442; Seaforth,

72 S. W. ONTARIO COUNTIES.

1829; Wingham, 2,092; Hensall, 756. Farms cost $40 to $100 per acre. Pop. 47,088—British stock, German in some townships, a few French.

ENT CO. Mostly flat, a little marshy ground in Dover, Tilbury and Chatham Townships. An elevated ridge runs along Lake Erie, where all kinds of fruit and vegetables do well. Soil varies, sandy to black loam and clay. Sub- soil of various kinds. Good water supply from numerous springs and artesian wells, 60 to 140 ft. Natural gas is largely used. Good local markets. Served by M.C.R., P.M. R., C.N.R., C.P.R. and Elec. Ry. Leading crops and acreage, 1922, wheat, 90,880; barley, 9,723; oats, 79,427; rye, 1,978; peas, 834; beans, 16,956; corn, 70,600; potatoes, 3,433; sugar beets, 11,346; orchards, 6,505; small fruits, 1,127; pastures, 89,258. In 1922 there were 24,144 horses, 69,219 cattle, 16,986 sheep, 103,223 swine; 5 creameries. Chief centres: Chatham, 13,256; Wallaceburg, 4,006; Til- bury, 1,673; Ridgetown 1,855; .Blenheim, 1,565. Farms cost $50 to $150 per acre. Pop. 52,139—English, Scotch, Irish, French and a few Germans. AMBTON CO. At the S. end of Lake Huron. Generally level. Watered by a number of streams. Soil in N. varies from a loam with gravelly subsoil to straight sand and gravel; in S., a deep, heavy clay loam. Served by C.N.R., M C R. and P.M.R., with branches. Mild winters owing to influence of Lake Huron to the N. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 73,115; barley, 9,897; oats, 84,734; flax, 153; corn, 35,704; potatoes, 3,311; sugar beets, 3,784; hay and clover, 88,479; orchards, 11,708; small fruits, 834; pastures, 153,047. In 1922 there were 22,912 horses, 98,397 cattle, 24,264 sheep, 61,624 swine; 2 cheese, 5 butter factories. Chief centres: Sarnia, 14,877; Petrolia 3,148; Forest, 1,422;. Dresden, 1,339; Point Edward, 1,258; Watford, 1,059. Farms average $60 per acre. Pop. 58,689—mostly British. [IDDLESEX CO. Fairly level with a little marsh. Watered by Thames River and small streams. Soil uniformly good, varies from deep clay loam, producing grain, to sandy soil suitable for corn, fruit and vegetables. Served by C.P.R., C.N.R., M.C.R., P.M.R., and Wabash Ry., and 2 electric lines. Good roads, telephones and rural mail delivery. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 68,951; barley, 9,179; oats, 118,302; peas, 1,362; flax, 26; corn, 37,392; potatoes, 6,359; sugar beets 340; hay and clover, 126,090; orchards, 13,214; small fruits, 1,250; pastures, 224,772. In 1922 there were 32,033 horses, 141,603 cattle, 21,617 sheep, 61,180 swine; 9 creameries, 14 cheese factories. Apples and all kinds of small fruits and vegetables thrive. Beekeeping is carried on extensively. Caradoc Tp. is a great potato growing section. Around Ailsa Craig and Parkhill is a famous beef growing section. There are several fox ranches. Chief centres: London, 60,959; Strathroy, 2,691; Parkhill, 1,152; Glencoe, 862; Lucan, 683. Farms average $75 per acre. Pop. (excluding London) 53,027—mostly British. 73 SETTLERS' GUIDE

NIAGARA DISTRICT includes parts of the Counties of Wel- land, Lincoln, and Wentworth. Lies along the S. W. shore of Lake Ontario, extending from Niagara to Hamilton, 44 i miles. It varies in width from 1 mile at Hamilton to 14 miles from Niagara Falls to the mouth of the river. Win- ters mild owing to the low altitude above sea level (320 to 350 ft.), the shelter of the escarpment, which runs from end to end of the district, and the influence of Lake Ontario, open all the year round. About 12,000 acres are planted to grapes; 3,000 acres to apples and pears; 11,000 acres to peaches; 1,500 acres to plums and 3,000 acres to other fruits. About 50,000 acres of fruit land as yet unplanted. Served by the C.N.R., T.H. & B. Ry., elec. railways from Hamilton to Grimsby, and from St. Catharines to Port Dalhousie, Niagara and Niagara Falls, and a good auto road from Queenston and Niagara to Hamilton. S.S. connections with Toronto -at Hamilton, Grimsby, Port Dal- housie, and Niagara-on-the-Lake. The Ontario Govern- ment has an experimental farm at Vineland. All fruits are successfully marketed in the North-west and apples and pears in Europe. Peaches have been shipped to Great Britain. One-third of the grape crop is made into grape juice and wine. Total output of fruit in 1922 was valued at over 8 million dollars. There are 5 co-operative fruit growers' associations. In the 3 counties there are 17 creameries, 1 combined butter and cheese factory, several jam, grape juice, wine and canning factories. The cost of orchards per acre is as follows: Peach orchards in bearing according to age, from $400 to $1,000; apple orchards, $300 to $500; vineyards, $150 to $300; unplanted land, sandy loam with clay subsoil suitable for peaches, $300 to $400; unplanted apple land, $100 to $150; unplanted land suitable for grapes, $100 to $200. Social conditions are ideal. Pop. of 3 counties: Lincoln, 48,625; Welland, 66,668; Wentworth (excluding Hamilton, 114,151) 64,449; chiefly British, some Germans and Dutch.

Lincoln Co. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 15,907; oats, 25,566; corn, 8,764; alfalfa, 8,920; orchards, 14,836; small fruits, 3,465; pastures, 21,815. In 1922 there were 7,787 horses, 18,728 cattle, 8,015 sheep, 10,208 swine. Chief centres: St. Catharines, 19,881; Merriton, 2,544; Niagara, 1,357; Port Dalhousie, 1,492; Grimsby, 2,004; Beamsville, 1,256. Pop. 48,625.

Welland Co. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 22,414; oats, 27,862; corn, 13,157; orchards, 6,405; small fruits, 1,342; pastures, 27,320. In 1922 there were 8,274 horses, 24,178 cattle, 8,880 sheep, 12,180 swine. Chief centres: Welland, 8,654; Niagara Falls, 14,764; Thorold, 4,825; Port Colborne, 3,415; Bridgeburg, 2,401. Pop 66,668.

Wentworth Co. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 16,062; barley, 5,089; oats, 45,931; rye, 1,220; corn, 9,041; potatoes, 4,302; orchards, 7,317; small fruits, 1,830; pastures, 29,683. In 1922 there were 11,179 horses, 34,320

74 S. W. ONTARIO COUNTIES.

11 408 sheep, 20,323 swine. Chief centres: Hamilton, cattle (exclusive 114 151; Dundas, 4,978; Waterdown, 754. Pop. of Hamilton) 39,416. OEPOLK CO. Undulating. Soil is similar to that in Nia- gara peach beH, sandy loam, some clay loam, generally or gravelly subsoil. Watered by numerous streams. clay Central, by C.N.R. (3 lines), Wabash Ry., Michigan Served wheat, TH. & B. Ry. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: 45,269; rye, 16,443; peas, 1,430; corn, 26,446, 26,386; oats, pas- potatoes, 3,244; orchards, 8,983; small fruits, 1,841; were 13,628 horses, 41 002 In 1922 there m tures, 45,099. combination cattle, 13,693 sheep, 31,153 swine; 2 cheese, 2 3,953, factories, 5 creameries. Chief centres: Simcoe, Port Dover, 1,462; Waterford, 1,123; Delhi, 733; Port Rowan, Fruit 672. Toronto within 85 miles. The Norfolk County Growers' Association has over 400 members. Chestnut, oak, and pine are the prevailing commercial timber. Natur- are al gas throughout the county. Pn shores of Lake Erie fishing. 2 famous duck and snipe preserves and good bass Farms cost $50 to $150 per acre; bearing apple and peach orchards, $300 to $500. Pop. 26,366—British. iXFORD CO. Mostly rolling, hilly in parts. Soil mostly clay loam with gravelly subsoil. S. Norwich Tp. inclined to be sandv. Hydro-Elee. power commonly used for light and power on farms. Served by C.N.R., C.P.R., and several elec. lines. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 31,442; barley, 7,734; oats, 78,122; rye, 3,358; corn, 33,345; turnips, 3,507; mangels, 1,727; orchards, 8,469; small fruits, 754; pastures, 88,947. In 1922 there were 19,943 horses, 9,576 sheep, 90,619 cattle, 50,742 swine. Produces more milk to the acre than any other county. 2 cheese factories, several co-operative farmers' clubs, 14 creameries, 7 combination factories. Chief centres: Woodstock, 9,935; Inger- sol, 5,150; Tillsonburg, 2,974; Norwich, 1,176. Farms average $40 per acre. Pop. 46,762—all of British or German descent. 'EEL CO. On Lake Huron. Land hilly in North, comparatively flat in south. Soil, sandy along lake shore, fairly heavy clay in one township; clay loam and sandy loam in north. Watered by Credit, Etobicoke and Humber Rivers. Wells from a few ft. to 200 ft. Served by C.N.R., C.P.R., 2 elec. railways and good roads. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 12,435; barley, 21,619; oats, 53,376; rye, 3,738; peas, 1,111; corn, 5,856; potatoes, 4,791; alfalfa, 14,322; orchards, 5,170; small fruits, 660; pastures, 56,648. In 1922 there were 12,227 horses, 42,870 cattle, 14,837 sheep, 23,257 swine. Leading centres: Brampton, 4,527; Port Credit, 1,123; Bolton, 679; Streetsville, 615. Farms cost from $70 to $100 per acre. Pop. 23,896—Scotch and English. PERTH CO. Rolling in south, level towards north. Soil, sandy loam, black loam and clay loam. Subsoil clay with small areas of gravel. Watered by springs and creeks; wells 25 to 170 ft. Served by C.N.R., C.P.R., and good

75 In 1921 Ontario produced 22% of the Canadian Apple Crop.

The annual output of dairy products is over 100 million dollars.

| 76 SETTLERS' GUIDE

gravel roads. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 28,960; barley, 22,628; oats, 103,696; peas, 2,817; flax, 96; corn, 12,075; turnips, 2,699; mangles, 2,713; hay and clover, 114,844; orchards, 6,129; small fruits, 468; pastures, 106,414. In 1922 there were 22,795 horses, 94,295 cattle, 10,436 sheep, 60,557 swine; 13 creameries, 12 cheese, 5 combination factories. Farmers club for buying and selling. Northeast- hope is a well known sheep section. Chief centres: Strat- ford, 16,094; St. Mary's, 3,847; Listowel, 2,477; Mitchell, 1,800; Milverton, 951. Pop. 50,843—English, Irish, Scotch and German. MCOE CO. Between Lake Simcoe and Georgian Bay. Most- ly rolling; westerly section hilly, Floss Tp. flat. Soil mostly clay loam, sandy in centre. Subsoil mostly gravelly, stiff clay in parts. Well watered by streams; wells 10 to over 100 ft. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 67,743; barley, 41,857; oats, 152,390; rye, 10,995; peas, 6,216; corn, 13,804; potatoes, 14,174; turnips,' 4,550; mangels, 2,333; hay and clover, 133,737; orchards, 8,710; small fruits, 850; pastures, 113,846. In 1922 there were 33,357 horses, 57,866 sheep, 123,705 cattle, 74,818 swine; 9 creameries. Served by C.N.R. and C.P.R. Good lake transportation. Notta- wasaga apples have won highest prizes at many exhibitions. Chief centres: Collingwood, 5,882; Barrie, 6,936; Orillia, 8,774; Midland, 7,016; Penetang, 4,037; Alliston, 1,376; Stayner, 972; Victoria Harbour, 1,463; Bradford, 961; Port McNicholl, 1,074. Summer resorts on Lake Simcoe and Georgian Bay. Farms cost about $75 per acre. Pop. 84,032, all of British descent.

r ATERLOO CO. Rolling. Soil, gravelly loam and clay loam, with subsoil mostly gravelly. Watered by Grand and Nith Rivers, and springs; wells, 50 to 200 ft. A great beef

cattle district. Served by C.P.R. , C.N.R. and 2 elec. lines. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 23,183; barley, 7,324; oats, 60,361; rye, 3,012; peas, 6,216; corn, 72,450; turnips, 3,503; mangels, 2,220; sugar beets, 36; orchards, 4,488; small fruits, 402; pastures, 31,667. In 1922 there were 13,269 horses, 8,167 sheep, 44,593 cattle, 39,374 swine, 7 creameries, 3 cheese factories. Chief centres: Gait, 13,- 216; Kitchener, 21,763; Waterloo, 5,883; Preston, 5,423; Hespeler, 2,777; Elmira, 2,016; New Hamburg, 1,351. Farms cost $60 to $100 per acre. Pop. 75,266—Penn. Dutch, Mennonites, Germans and Scotch.

WELLINGTON CO. Area, approx. 652,578 acres. Mostly rolling with 2 or 3 townships quite flat. Soil varies from sandy loam to heavy clay. The Grand, Speed, Connestoga and Maitland Rivers find a source here. Wells from 25 to 200 ft. From main lines C.P.R. and C.N.R., crossing south end, branches run north and south. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 9,028; barley, 19,167; oats, 111,018; rye, 863; peas, 4,586; flax, 397; corn, 8,388; potatoes, 5,053; turnips, 7,858; mangels, 2,766; hay and clover, 134,240; orchards, 5,376; small fruits, 342; pastures, 94,226. In

77 J1

S. W. ONTARIO COUNTIES.

1922 there were 23,511 horses, 36,611 sheep, 91,170 cattl! 63,792 swine. At Guelph Winter Fair, half of fat stO(I prizes for Herefords, Shorthorns and Angus cattle weil won by Wellington Co. farmers. 7 creameries, 1 combine™

factory. Most of milk is marketed in cities. Chief town i Guelph, 18,128; Fergus, 1,796; Elora, 1,136; Mt. Foresli 1,718; Palmerston, 1,523; Harriston, 1,263; Drayton, 60 Farms average $30 to $100 per acre. Pop. 54,160—English; Irish, Scotch, German.

YORK CO. Mostly rolling, some level land in south, son marshy in north. Soil, mostly clay loam, some sand an some very heavy clay, % ft. Subsoil mostly clay, son gravel. Well watered with springs; wells, some artesia] others 15 to over 200 ft. Served by C.P.R., C.N.R., an several elec. lines. Leading crops and acreage, 192S wheat, 40,130; barley, 33,922; oats, 97,060; rye, 4,771; pea; 4,220; corn, 13,431; potatoes, 10,270; turnips, 4,738; mangel 2,863; orchards, 7,247; small fruits, 746; pastures, 57, 20? In 1922 there were 23,648 horses, 28,166 sheep, 68,59 cattle, 52,069 swine, 13 creameries, 1 combined factor: Chief centres: Toronto, 521,893; Aurora, 2,307; Mimico, 3,75 Newmarket, 3,626; N$w Toronto, 2,669; Stouffville, 1,05c Richmond Hill, 1,055; Markham, 1,012. Farms averag $100 per acre. Pop. (including part of Toronto suburbs 271,821—English, Scotch, Irish and Dutch.

South -Eastern Ontario

SOUTH-EASTERN ONTARIO. Is bounded on the north II the Ottawa River, on the south by Lake Ontario and Rive; St. Lawrence, and includes the following Counties: (a; On Lake Ontario—Durham, Frontenac, Hastings, Lenno:f and Addington, Northumberland, Ontario and Prince Ed| ward, (b) On St. Lawrence River—Dundas, Glengarr:]. Grenville, Leeds and Stormont. (c) On the Ottawa Rive:| —Carleton, Lanark, Prescott, Renfrew and Russell, (d j In Centre—Victoria, Peterborough and Haliburton.

DURHAM CO. Mostly rolling. Soil, clay, and sandy loamjj A strip 1 to 7 miles wide of blow sand runs through coun try. Watered by several streams. Served by C.P.R. ancfj C.N.R. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 15,666 I barley, 6,688; oats, 55,804; rye, 13,228; peas, 8,951; corn;

10,816; turnips, 2,227; orchards, 7,722; small fruits, 548 1 pastures, 66,910. In 1922 there were 13,892 horses, 24,15*! sheep, 50,823 cattle, 24,024 swine, 2 creameries, 1 cheesell factory. Chief centres: Port Hope, 4,456; Bowmanvillel 3,233; Millbrook, 717; Newcastle, 559. Farms average $6C to $150 per acre. Pop. 24,629.

78 SETTLERS' GUIDE

&ONTENAC CO. Land is rolling, about 40% rocky, 5% narshy, 55% tillable and pasture. Soil, chiefly clay loam ind sandy loam, 2 to 3 feet. Well watered; wells 12 to 30 feet. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: barley, 3,487; jats, 46,552; corn, 9,414; potatoes, 3,220. In 1922 there were L0.497 horses, 15,274 sheep, 57,859 cattle, 21,192 swine; 2 creameries, 57 cheese factories, 2 combined factories. Rocky ireas are dotted with small lakes. Good fishing. Feldspar, nica and lead mines. Farms cost $20 to $70 per acre. Hhief centres: Kingston, 21,753; Portsmouth, 2,351. Pop. 20,390—British, Penn. Dutch, a few Germans and Nor- wegians. LSTING-S CO. Mostly rolling. Soil mostly sandy loam, some clay, clay loam and sand. Well watered by springs ind creeks. Wells 30 to 200 ft. Served by C.P.R. and ZJ.N.R. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 5,509; parley, 19,870; oats, 94,754; rye, 7,094; peas, 1,317; flax, )7; corn, 18,024; potatoes, 5,505; hay and clover, 108,137; orchards, 5,694; small fruits, 390; pastures, 125,858. In L922 there were 19,162 horses, 37,630 sheep, 92,403 cattle, 19,743 swine; 5 creameries, 70 cheese factories. Chief centres: Belleville, 12,206; Deseronto, 1,847; Trenton, 5,902; Tweed, 1,339; Madoc, 1,058; Marmora, 948; Stirling, 844. Elec. power from Trent and Moira Rivers. Farms average £50 to $100 per acre. Pop. 57,523—all of British descent.

kLIBURTON DISTRICT. Area over 1,000,000 acres; hilly with streams and lakes, mostly covered with virgin forests. A. few settlers engage in mixed farming. Served by C.N.R. and I. B. & O. Pop. 6,209. Canadians, British, some Germans and Indians.

INNOX & ADDINGTON COS. Gently rolling with valleys running E. and W., some of which are farmed, others are stony and used as pastures. Many natural springs. Good wells, 6 to 20 ft. Served by C.P.R. and C.N.R. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: barley, 8,294; oats, 46,467; rye, 1,701; corn, 9,404. In 1922 there were 10,673 horses, 13,239 sheep, 48,641 cattle, 20,233 swine; 2 creameries, 25 cheese factories. Chief centres: Napanee, 3,038; Newburgh, 416. Farms cost $40 to $100 per acre. Pop. 18,994—all English- speaking. )RTHUMBERLAND CO. On Lake Ontario. Level along lake, rises rapidly 3 miles back. Intervening district to Rice Lake is composed of hills and valleys. Many springs and streams; wells 10 to 20 ft. Served by C.P.R., C.N.R., and Trent Valley Canal. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 13,471; barley, 8,153; oats, 68,504; rye, 16,546; peas, 3,710; corn, 13,778; potatoes, 4,311; turnips, 2,844; orchards, 13,747; small fruits, 682; pastures, 76,539. In 1922 there were 16,041 horses, 18,066 sheep, 59,571 cattle, 32,613 swine; 4 creameries, 31 cheese factories, 2 combined factories. Chief centres: Cobourg, 5,327; Campbellford, 2,890; Brighton,

79 S. E. ONTARIO COUNTIES.

1,411; Colborne, 932; Hastings, 730. Picturesque scenery and summer resorts. Farms cost $50 to $100 per acre. Pop. 30,512—chiefly British.

OTTAWA VALLEY, on south bank of Ottawa River, includes part of the Counties of Prescott, Russell, Carleton. Lanark and Renfrew. Served by C.P.R., C.N.R. and N.Y.C. Rys., navigation on Ottawa River and Rideau Canal. Wat- ered also by several smaller rivers. Fine scenery. Good dairying section. The 5 counties have 14 creameries, 215 cheese factories, 1 combined factory. Apple growing ex-

tends from L'Orignal on E. to Pembroke on W. ; leading varieties are yellow transparent, Duchess, Wealthy, Mac- intosh. Cities of Ottawa and Montreal provide large local markets. Farms cost from $30 to $200 per acre near Ottawa. Pop. of 5 Counties (excluding Ottawa City, 107,- 843), 186,574—Scotch, English, Irish, French Canadians and Poles. Carleton Co. Generally rolling, a few hilly sections, several flat areas. Soil generally of clay loam with sandy areas. Wells 10 to 100 ft. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: barley, 6,456; oats, 93,884; rye, 809; peas, 399; corn, 21,962; potatoes, 4,676; hay and clover, 107,524. In 1922 there were 17,758 horses; 26,640 sheep, 87,458 cattle; 26,560 swine. Chief centre: Ottawa, 107,843. Pop. of County (excluding Ottawa), 32,673. Lanark Co. Includes rolling, flat, dry and marshy lands. Soil sandy, and black and clay loams. Watered by many streams. Wells up to 100 ft. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: barley, 4,235; oats, 54,372; rye, 2,545; peas, 758; corn,

22,236. In 1922 there were 11,750 horses, 40,465 sheep, I 68,887 cattle, 20,013 swine. Chief centres: Smiths Falls,! 6,790; Perth, 3,790; Carleton Place, 3,841; Almonte, 2,426. Pop. of County, 32,993.

Prescott Co. Rolling, flat in parts. Soil sandy and sandy I loam, clay. Subsoil heavy clay and gravelly. Watered by Nation River, Ottawa River and Rideau Canal. Leading | crops and acreage, 1922: barley, 4,666; oats, 52,252; corn, 9,032. In 1922 there were 8,311 horses, 5,853 sheep, 48,248 cattle, 16,705 swine. Chief centres: Hawkesbury, 5,544; Vankleek Hill, 1,499; L'Orignal, 1,298. Pop. of County, 26,478. Renfrew Co. In S. generally rolling, in W. dry and hilly. Soil varies, much clay mixed with clay and sandy loam. Well watered by rivers and creeks. Abundant water power. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 40,616; barley, 3,768; oats, 79,367; rye, 10,234; peas, 9,889; potatoes, 4,758; hay and clover, 98,238. In 1922 there were 15,457 horses, 66,208 sheep, 85,996 cattle, 23,054 swine. Chief centres: Pembroke, 7,875; Renfrew, 4,906; Arnprior, 4,077, Eganville, 1,015; Cobden, 711. Pop. of County, 51,017. Russell Co. Mostly flat, rolling in some sections along Ottawa River. Much marshy land and low flat areas. Soil largely a kind of clay marl, some very sandy areas.

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Watered by Ottawa, Casteau and Nation Rivers. Wells 20 to 40 ft. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: barley, 2,277; oats, 40,279; corn, 8,222. In 1922 there were 7,596 horses, 6,625 sheep, 39,800 cattle, 18,041 swine. Chief centres: Eastview, 5,324; Rockland, 3,496; Casselman, 977. Pop. of County, 43,413.

ONTARIO CO. Mostly rolling, part flat, part sandy and hilly; marshy in centre, rocky at north. Soil, mostly loam to clay loam, 12 to 18 ins. Subsoil mostly clay, some sandy and gravelly. Watered by a few small lakes and several creeks. Wells 12 to 90 ft. Served by C.P.R., C.N.R. (Tor- onto Elec. Ry. building). Hydro-Elec. power in north and south. County has international reputation for pure-bred short-horn cattle, Clydesdale horses and sheep. 6 creameries. The south is well adapted to fruit growing, market gardening and mixed farming, for nearby Toronto market; the centre, to mixed farming and stock raising; the south, to mixed farming, ranching and sheep raising. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 15,166; barley, 14,307; oats, 84,012; rye, 8,273; peas, 4,536; corn, 15,263; potatoes, 6,657; turnips, 5,618; mangels, 2,479; orchards, 5,973; small fruits, 523; pastures, 71,435. In 1922 three were 18,878 horses, 32,707 sheep, 72,338 cattle; 41,240 swine. Chief centres: Oshawa, 11,940; Whitby, 2,800; Uxbridge, 856; Port Perry, 1,143; Beaverton, 933; Cannington, 869. Farms average $60 per acre. Pop. 46,494.—mostly British.

PETERBOROUGH CO. Generally hilly. All kinds of soil found. A quantity of well-wooded rocky land unfit for agriculture, except sheep and cattle grazing. Watered by many streams and lakes. Numerous artesian wells. Usual depth of wells about 40 ft. Served by C.P.R., C.N.R. and Trent Valley Canal. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 16,584; barley, 8,088; oats, 57,160; rye, 5,761; peas, 3,850; corn, 8,816. In 1922 there were 11,165 horses, 14,794 sheep, 55,809 cattle, 18,546 swine; 3 creameries, 26 cheese factories, 1 combined factory. Chief centres: Peterborough, 20,994; Havelock, 1,268; Lakefield, 1,189; Norwood, 765. Water power on Otonabee River. Farms cost $40 to $80 per acre. Pop., 43,034—English, Irish and Scotch.

PRINCE EDWARD CO. Practically an island on north shore of Lake Ontario, connected by an isthmus 5 miles broad, which is served by the Murray Canal. Low rolling hills with considerable woodland and deeply indented bays, make county very beautiful. Soil chiefly clay loam. There is land well adapted for growing berries near Picton and Bloomfield and in the western section. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: barley, 10,737; oats, 30,705; rye, 5,223; peas, 7,348; corn, 12,378; orchards, 8,235; small fruits, 531; pastures, 44,452. In 1922 there were 8,494 horses, 11,204 sheep, 26,690 cattle, 16,106 swine; 1 creamery, 19 cheese factories, 1 combined factory. C.N.R. traverses the county, connecting with C.P.R. and main line of C.N.R. at Trenton.

81 —

S. E. ONTARIO COUNTIES.

Chief centres: Picton, 3,356; Wellington, 824; Bloomfield, 600. Farms cost $50 to $125 per acre. Pop. 17,150—Irish, English and Scotch. ST. LAWRENCE VALLEY. Includes parts of Counties of Leeds, Grenville, Dundas, Stormont, Glengarry. Is famous for beautiful scenery with "the Thousand Islands." Served by C.P.R., C.N.R., and water transportation on St. Lawr- ence and Rideau Canal. Dairying district, with mixed farming. In the 5 Counties there are 4 creameries, 266 cheese and 9 combined factories. Crops are practically all fed on the farm to cattle and hogs. Large acreage planted to beans. Gasoline engines are generally used for power. Good markets at Montreal and Ottawa. Farms cost $35 to $75 per acre. Pop. of the 5 Counties, 114,514 English, Scotch, Irish, U.E. Loyalists, French-Canadians and some Germans. Dundas Co. Flat, with some swampy areas. Mountain Tp. and W. part of Matilda Tp. contain large sand areas; rest of county dark clay loam, 3 to 4 ft., with clay sub-soil. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: barley, 4,733; oats, 29,323; corn, 16,459. In 1922 there were 8,806 horses, 4,734 sheep, 44,800 cattle, 19,679 swine. Chief centres: Morrisburg, 1,444; Winchester, 1,126; Chesterville, 967; Iroquois, 916. Pop. of County, 24,388. Glengarry Co. Land rolling, flat in parts. Soil varies, sandy loam, gravel, clay and heavy clay. Well watered with streams. Wells 10 to 100 ft. Leading crops and acreage, 1922; barley, 4,465; oats, 45,169; corn, 8,577. In 1922 there were 8,764 horses, 8,252 sheep, 48,561 cattle, 16,165 swine. Chief centres: Alexandria, 2,195; Maxville, 725; Lancaster, 672. Pop. of County, 20,518.

Grenville Co. Generally rolling. Soil, about 10 in., mostly sandy loam, with large areas of clay loam flats. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: oats, 39,616; corn, 10,872. In 1922 there were 7,359 horses, 10,672 sheep, 33,677 cattle, 14,369 swine. Chief Centres: Prescott, 2,636; Cardinal, 1,241; Kemptville, 1,204; Merrickville, 807. Pop. of County, 16,644. Leeds Co. Rolling, in parts rough and hilly, marshy near small lakes. Soil, clay, clay loam and black loam to good depth, in parts sandy, shallow loam and gravelly. Well watered by creeks and streams. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: barley, 3,965; oats, 55,053; corn, 17,625. In 1922 there were 11,281 horses, 15,549 sheep, 62,954 cattle, 22,753 swine. Chief centres: Brockville, 10,040; Gananoque, 3,694; Westport, 741; Athens, 726. Pop. of County, 34,909.

Stormont Co. Flat, small areas of marsh, mostly comparatively dry. Soil 2 to 3 ft. clay loam, with large areas gravelly. Subsoil, clay. Wells 20 to 30 ft. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: oats, 34,573; corn, 9,709. In 1922 there were 7,779 horses, 4,481 sheep, 41,423 cattle, 19,743 swine. Chief centre: Cornwall, 7,419. Pop. of County, 25,134.

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VICTORIA CO. Mostly rolling, some parts hilly, large areas marshy and swampy. North half shallow, limestone and generally clay loam, some sand. Sub- hilly granite. Soil, by soil mostly hard clay and some gravel. Watered streams and Kawartha chain of lakes. Served by C.P.R. and C.N.R. Leading crops and acreage, 1922: wheat, 11,- corn, 290; barley, 10,863; oats, 70,308; rye, 2,398; peas 4 178; 13,264 horses, 8 093; turnips, 2,281. In 1922 there were creameries, 6 26 552 sheep, 61,452 cattle, 26,841 swine; 5 factories. Chief centres: Lindsay, 7,620; Bobcay- cheese per geon 1,095; Fenelon Falls, 1,031. Farms average $70 acre Pop. 33,995 —English, Scotch and Irish.

Northern Ontario NORTHERN ONTARIO. This name has been given to that part of Ontario lying north of the French River and Lakes Huron and Superior. Area, 147,000 sq. miles, of which 60 poplar. million acres is covered with spruce, black pine and The principal cities and towns in New Ontario are Fort William, Port Arthur, Sudbury, North Bay, Cobalt, Porcu- pine, Sturgeon Falls, Sault Ste. Marie, Dryden, Fort Frances, Kenora, Englehart, Haileybury, New Liskeard, Charleton Matheson and Cochrane. Easy transportation is afforded by a net-work of rivers and lakes which are full of fish. N.O.R., The region is traversed by the Can. Nat. Ry., T. & and C.P.R. There are colonization roads in the districts which are open for settlement. CLAY BELT From the shores of James Bay, flat, swampy land extends for about 150 miles. Thence the "Clay Belt" rises abruptly several hundred feet higher, the benches being similar to those in the Niagara Peninsula, near Hamitlon. The soil is mostly a rich friable clay, with vegetable mould of varying depth. In part (e.g. at Engle- hart), sandy loam prevails suitable for fruit growing. Around Iroquois Falls the soil is browner towards the western end. In most places some drainage will be required but the large number of runs affording natural outlets makes this easy. In the south, the Clay Belt begins about North Cobalt and Haileybury, and extends some 40 miles north bounded bv the Quebec frontier on the east, and the Montreal River on the west. Here it is broken by 25 miles of mining country, containing the Dane and Swastika Dis- tricts Thence the land is nearly all good to Cochrane, the most northerly railway point. Beyond this a tract of good agricultural land, of about 100 miles, reaches all the way to the benches, The whole area is estimated at over 16 million acres. Field Crops include barley, oats, wheat, potatoes, peas, pars- nips carrots, beets and cabbage. Tomatoes and pumpkins ripen in some parts, Clover does exceedingly well. Blae- berries^ cranberries^ gooseberries, and rhubarb grow pro- 83 SETTLERS' GUIDE

fusely. Melons ripen. There are great possibilities for stock raising and dairying. Climate. The summers are hot and the winters cold, but dry. Summer frosts are rare. The crops ripen more rapidly than in the south, owing to longer hours of sunlight. South of Cochrane, the average date of last frost is June 1st; first frost, September 11th. The mean annual temperature at Haileybury, on the Quebec Boundary, is 36.8. Average annual precipitation 31.77 inches. At Kenora, on the Mani- toba Boundary, mean annual temperature 35.5. Average annual precipitation, 22.14 inches. Winnipeg, Man., is about 50 miles further north than Cochrane. DISTRICTS. Descriptions of Algoma, Rainy River, Sudbury, Temiskaming, Thunder Bay and Patricia Districts will be found in the special publication issued by the Department of Agriculture, Toronto.

&mm&awsBBBM Farming* Near New Liskeard. At about the same latitude as Winnipeg. Man., there are about 16 million acres of very fertile lancj commonly s.p,oken of as the Clay Belt. For particulars s$e above on tb.\§ and the preceding page. This district is feeing actively^ ^olonized.. 84 The Ontario Industrial Guide

MANUFACTURING CENTRES & INDUSTRIAL OPPORTUNITIES

OP ONTARIO. Ontario leads the Provin- MMANUFACTURES production Hal of Canada in population, wealth and ts located in this -Prov- of the industries in the Dominion are including the great bulk of American branch factories. ince lead- are given shortly the industries establ shed in Below for new ing manufacturing centres and the opportunities The Government assumes no responsibility for industries. of information which is supplied by the ocal Boards this contained in Trade for the Official Boards of Trade Register a e S connectons Ho?eis!°Railways, Etc. For railway and motor road Points, see hotels, sporting and tourist attractions at these under the Tourist Guide in this book, pages 29 to 65, and accompanying maps. A SERVICE POR MANUFACTURERS and We are in close touch with the Boards of Trade Chambers of Commerce throughout Ontario. Our staff com- piles Heaton's Annual and Heaton's Official Guides and we have available a mass of local and general up-to-date information not collected elsewhere. Manufacturers who desire to sell in Canada can obtain from us full special reports as to the market for their goods, and practical assistance in marketing their products. We maintain a Register of all Canadian Industrial Centres with details, plans and photographs of available factories in Quebec and Ontario. Interested manufacturers can obtain reliable up-to-date local information covering shipping facilities, power rates, labour conditions, existing industries, factory sites, and municipal inducements, etc. Full reports are furnished to firms who are considering the establishment of a branch industry in Canada. Our fees are moderate. The advice is unbiased, the service confidential. Heaton, Kort- right & Company, Industrial Engineers, Appraisers & Account ants, 32 Church St., Toronto.

ACTON (Halton Co.). 2 large tanneries, belting, 2 glove, 1 boot and shoe factory. Niagara electric power. Alt. 1,198. Pop. 1,722. ALMONTE (Lanark Co.). Town owns elec. light system. Water power, 3,500 h.p. available. Industries include 3 textile, 2 knitting mills, soap works, planing mill, foundry, flour mill, fanning mill factory. Alt. 399. Pop. 2,426. Special Opportunities.—Steam laundry, automobile factory, stove and furnace foundry. Town will give free site to

85 INDUSTRIAL, GUIDE.

factory along C.P.R. line and power at $15 per h.p. Write chairman of Publicity Committee. AENPRIOR (Renfrew Co.). 2 cheese factories, bricks and tiles, woollen mill, 2 lumber mills, builders' factory, 3 planing mills, mineral water factory, felt mill, Arnprior Cabinet Co. Electric power. Lead mines operating at Galetta, 5 m. Alt. 301. Pop. 4,077. AURORA (York Co.). Town owns elec. light and water system. Power from Niagara. Industries: planing mill, flour mill, tannery, boots and shoes (2), pulleys and clutches, agricultural implements, office furniture. Alt. 886. Pop. 2,307. Special Opportunities.—Cheap power available. Good labor conditions. Clear air and soft water for dyeing industry. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. AYLMER (Elgin Co.). Canning factory, foundry, saw mills, bricks and tiles, 3 builders' factories, condensed milk, shoes, pumps, scales and machine shops. Elec. light, domestic water and fire plant owned by town. Surrounded by rich farming and fruit country. Alt. 700. Pop. 2,194. Special Opportunities.—Shoe factories, pork factories, creameries, woodenware, canning and evaporating plants. Liber- al inducements offered in taxation, water, light, etc. Natur- al gas, 15c. to factories, 30c. to consumers. Write Sec. Bd. Tmde BABBIE (Simcoe Co.). 2 builders' factories, tannery, 3 machine shops and boiler works, bricks, carriage factory, flour mill, gas producers and gas engines, wicker works, shingle mill, boots and shoes, excelsior. Cheap hydro power from Severn River. Surrounded by rich mixed farming and dairying district. Alt. 726. Pop. 6,936. Special Opportunities.—Good opening for first-class summer hotel, clothing, whitewear, furniture, woodenware, woollen mill. To bona-fide industries town offers free sites, free water and fixed assessments and other liberal inducements Write Sec. Bd Trade. BELLE 'ILLE (Hastings Co.). Cement works, locks and hardware specialties (2), optical goods, electrical fittings, automo* ile accessories, nu

86 INDUSTRIAL, GUIDE.

busi- ating industries. Canadian centre of the automobile and acces- ness 37 plants manufacturing autos, trucks drug, chemical and pharmaceutical in- sories Salt heavy forgmgs dustries. Bridge building, machines and tools, and stampings, scales, adding machines, buttons, crucible ruTes fnd measures, drills, overalls clothing textile, Steel largest in paints and varnishes, distillery (said to be the machinery, etc the world), 2 breweries, cereals, electric At Oiibway, the Canadian Steel Corporation (subsidiary of upon which all the US Steel Co.) has a 2,000 acre site actual plant construction is already work preliminary to huge Completed at cost of about $5,000,000. This includes extending half a mile inland and capable of hand- docks of one time 8 of the largest steamers Foundations ling at appropriation blast furnaces and wire mill now in. Total exceeds $75,000,000. Pop. of Windsor 38,591; Ford City, 5 870; Sandwich, 4,415; Walkerville, 7,059. Opportunities.—Automobiles, trucks, accessories, in- Special chemicals, ternal combustion engines, heavy drugs and pharmaceutical preparations, metal industries and practi- conduct- cally any other industry that may be successfully ed elsewhere in Canada. Write Border Chamber of Com- merce, Windsor, Ont. BOWMANVILLE (Durham Co.). Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co Dom. Piano and Organ Co., Bowmanville Foundry Co., glove factory, canning works, containers, scales, and meat Co. slicers, barley mill, flour mill, knitting Co., Ross Can. Fine natural harbor capable of accommodating largest lake vessels. The centre of a very rich apple-growing, mixed farming and dairying district. Alt. 150. Pop. 3,233. Special Opportunities.—Brick yard, saw mill, canning. Abun- dant elec. power available at $12 to $25 per h.p. Labor conditions excellent, low cost of living, cheap rents. Town offers liberal concessions to new industries. Write C. E. Rehder, Chairman, Industrial Committee. BRACEBRIDGE (Muskoka District). Town owns light and water system. Industries include tanneries (2), woollen mills, launches, sashes and doors (2), foundry, lumber mills (3), garages (4). District supplies tanbark and all kinds of wood. Alt. 817. Pop. 2,451. Special Opportunities.—Cheap elec. power and raw material at door for woodworking factories. Town offers tax exemptions, and in some cases free sites. Write Town Clerk. BRAMPTON (Peel Co.). Niagara elec. power, 5 cut-flower growing concerns—one covering 24 acres and employing 250 hands, boots and shoes (3), paper boxes, hosiery, loose- leaf factory (largest in Canada), knitted goods, Pease Foundry Co. (furnaces), 2 planing mills, 2 flour mills, gummed paper, pressed brick, jam factory, dextrine products, whitewear, auto tires. $50,000 filtration plant at Snell's Lake assures pure water. Neighborhood supplies brick, clay and sand. The centre of a rich dairying and apple-growing district. Large horse, cattle and hog centre. Alt. 712. Pop. 4,527.

87 INDUSTRIAL, GUIDE.

Special Opportunities.—Steel store-front foundry, automobiles, automobile tops and tires, bricks and tiles, boots and shoes, chairs, carriages, leather and wood-working industries, textiles, cigars. To manufacturers excellent shipping facilities. Town offers cheap water and power, tax exemptions and other liberal inducements on application. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. BBANTFOBD (Brant Co.). Over 100 factories, including large agric. implement factories, iron and wooden industries, clothing, clay and cement products, electrical fittings, silk mills, steel plant, automatic scales, motor truck factory, pumps, roofing, stoves, tile, varnishes, wax, windmills, 22 wholesale houses. Centre of a mixed farming district. Neighborhood supplies shale, brick, clay and sand. Alt. 691. Pop. 29,440. Special Opportunities.—Industries making goods to sell direct to consumer. Steady demand for mechanics, expert machinists, builders, domestic servants and laborers. Cheap elec. power. Special industrial water rate. Good factory sites available. No labor troubles. Write Manager Cham- ber Commerce. BBIDGEBUBCr (Welland Co.). Town owns water and sewerage system. Niag. elec. power, Gas Co. Nat. gas at 40c. per M. cub. ft. Foundry, steel works, telephone construction co., display fixtures, account registers, varnish, shaving powder, hot air registers, patent medicines, typewriters, furniture, polish, patent foods. Many U.S. firms have established branches here. Good scenery and fishing. Alt. 587. Pop. 2,401. Special Opportunities.—To new industries town offers tax exemptions. Cheap labor. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. BROCKVILLE (Leeds County). Headquarters of the Eastern Ontario Dairy Association. Stoves, furnaces, general hardware, motor cars, hats, confectionery, biscuits, leather belting, gloves, marine engines, condensed milk, dairy products, dairy machinery, general woodwork, office furniture, motor bodies and parts, fire extinguishers, baking powder, breakfast food, paper products, cream separators and scales. Pop. 10,043. Special Opportunities.—Cheap coal, tax exemption, free factory sites with railway siding to the three transcontinental railways and the public wharves, 5,000 h.p. electric power available. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. CAMPBELLFORD (Northumberland Co.) Town owns elec. light and power, water and sewerage systems. Bridge works, woollen mills, shoes, pulp and paper mills, flour mills, elec. power co. Surrounded by rich fruit and mixed farming district. Alt. 596. Pop. 2,890. Special Opportunities.—Iron and wood industries. Abundant elec. power and water power available. Liberal inducements on application. Write F. K Gaudrie, Publicity Commr. and Sec. Bd. Trade. CHATHAM (Kent Co.) About 40 factories, including wagons, automobiles, pumping and well machinery, pad and textile works, bricks and tiles, wheels, malleable steel, machine INDUSTRIAL GUIDE.

shops, carriages, flour mills, woollen mills, lumber mills, reinforced concrete, springs and axles, motor trucks, food products, packing house products, auto accessories, cotton gloves, overalls, automobile rear axles, transmissions and differentials, fabricated steel, sugar, furnaces, knit goods, toys, batteries, cigars and tobacco. Centre of very rich mixed farming and fruit district (peaches, grapes, apples, etc.). Pop. 13,256. Special Opportunities.—To new industries, city offers every consideration. Good labor conditions. Good opening for flax mills, steam laundry, small tool factory, foundry. To- bacco factory, automobile accessories. Write Chairman, In- dustrial Committee, Chamber of Commerce. CHESLEY (Bruce Co.). Hydro Elec. light and power. Saw mill, 2 flour mills, woollen mill, knitting factory, 2 furniture factories, iron and brass bedsteads, chairs, mattresses, church furniture, suspenders, machine shop, butter factory, 2 garages. Alt. 980. Pop. 1,708. Special Opportunities.—Special lines of furniture, starch factory, shirt factory. Town offers tax exemption, free sites, free water. Write Town Clerk. COBOUEG (Northumberland Co.). Elec. power (Government Hydro). Elec. light, water and sewerage systems. Indus- tries include felt, matting (2), dyeing, packing, milk products, patent medicine, wheels, lumber mills, canning, furniture, canoes, school desks and furniture. Neighbor- hood supplies various kinds of lumber. Surrounded by very rich mixed farming, dairying and apple-growing district. Alt. 295. Pop. 5,327. Special Opportunities.—Good shipping facilities. Open harbor winter and summer. Cheap electric power. Low freight rates on coal. Good factory sites on 3 transcontinental railways. Special inducements on application. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. COLIiING-WOOD (Simcoe Co.). Large steel ship building yards and dry docks—largest freight vessels in British Em- pire have been built here; wire nail and fencing works, 1 paning mill, whole groceries (2), wholesale hardware, knitting, foundry and machine shops, brooms, printing, fruit and vegetable cannery, tannery, small wooden and metal boats, flour mill, grain elevator, cold storage and grocery warehouses. The largest fruit and vegetable farm in Canada. Alt. 587. Pop. 5,882. Special Opportunities.—There is a very large local trade in rivets, rods, plates, angle iron, etc. Any industry, particularly those working in steel and wood. Grain elevator for distribution of grain to milling centres. To bona-fide industries town offers free site, fixed assessments and other liberal inducements. Cheap hydro power. Good openings for mechanics and their families. Write Sec. Chamber of Commerce. CORNWALL (Stormont Co.). Town owns water and sewerage systems. Cedar Rapid Power Line now completed, offering unlimited power. Water power, about 200 h.p. Furniture, cotton, bedsteads, lacrosse, chairs, paper, pulp

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and a paper mill. A mixed farming and dairying district. Good supply of lumber. Pop. 7,419. Special Opportunities.—Steady supply of labor, no unions. Street ry. delivers freight from ry. stations to industrial plants. Liberal inducements to new industries. Write Sec. Bd. Trade DESEEONTO (Hastings Co.). Abundant elec. power; cheap rates on sliding scale, blast furnace (making charcoal pig iron), cannery, broom and other handles, domestic glass- cutting and engraving, boxes, 2 match factories, cheese factory, 2 coal yards, 2 powder and explosive plants, 2 grain cracking mills, Govt, fish storage plant for Bay of Quinte district. Hydro elec. Com. light and power, safe, deep water harbor (full depth of new Welland Canal). Extensive water front. Centre of a rich grain, cattle and fruit-growing district. Neighborhood supplies abundant lumber. Alt. 252. Pop. 1,847. Special Opportunities.—All industries, especially those requiring large supplies of raw material in bulk. Machine chop, foundry, shipbuilding, cement works, textile, small- wares of all kinds. Cheap coal and elec. power. No labor troubles. Cheap labor, male and female. Cheap sites and other liberal inducements on application. Write Pres. Bd. Trade. DUNDAS (Wentworth Co.). Govt. Hydro power, natural gas, heaviest iron working machinery and small tools, clothing, knitted goods, yarns, sashes, doors, building material, flour, interior woodwork, showcases, church school and office furniture, willow-ware, gold and silver novelties, gloves, moving picture films, food products, canning. Pop. 4,978. Special Opportunities.—Cheap manufacturing sites, with assessment fixed at cost of land. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. DUNNVIIiLE (Haldimand Co.). Town owns water and sewerage systems. Hydro-elec. light. Elec. power at $25. Nat. gas. Knitting mills, hammocks, engines, foundry, bricks, woollen mill, cannery, evaporator, planing mills (2), flour mills (2), machine shops (2), cement blocks and bricks, boats. Neighborhood supplies lumber and stone. Pop. 3 324. Special Opportunities.—Good sites available for shipbuilding, steel works, etc. Manufacturers can develop power from nat. gas for $7 per h.p. Liberal inducements to new industries. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. ELMIRA (Waterloo Co.). Municipality owns electric light and waterworks; Niagara elec. power, 2 banks, creamery, talking machines, rubber shoes, furniture factory, foundry and machine shops, felt boot and leather boot and shoe factories, transmission supplies (wood split pulleys, hangers, etc.), saw and planing mills, brick yard, 2 grain elevators (cap. 125,000 bush.). Surrounded by very rich general mixed farming district. Alt. 1,142. Pop. 2,016. Special Opportunities.—Factory for skirts, whitewear, cuffs and collars. Any industry using dairy products—woodworking machinery factories, carriage works, any leather industry, saw mill, grist and flour mill. Factory sites on 90 INDUSTRIAL GUIDE.

C.P.R. and G.T.R. Town offers free sites, tax exemptions, free water and other inducements. Write Secretary Bd. Trade. ELORA (Wellington Co.). Niagara elec. power and light. Industries include cabinet, sash and door, and agricultural implement factories, saw mill, 2 furniture factories, tannery, hydrate lime, white lime factory. Beautiful surround- ing scenery. Alt. 1,270. Pop. 1,136. Special Oportunities.—Novelties, whitewear, overalls, knitting mill, machine shop, furniture factories. White lime (there is much limestone of high quality nearby). Write Pres. Bd. Trade. FORT PRANCES. Pulp and paper mill (500 hands; across the river 1,000 hands); 2 lumber mills (600 to 800 hands); lath mill (output 1 million daily), planing mills, mineral water, bottling works, machine shop, fisheries. Alt. 1,102. Pop. 3,109. Special Opportunities.—Box factory, excelsior factory, creamery, flour mills, boat factory, furniture, and other woodworking, plant for utilization of fish and fish waste, tourist hotel, tanneries, all industries utilizing wood pulp. Mar- ket gardens. Plat rate of assessment for ten years to new industries. Write the Mayor. FORT WILLIAM (Thunder Bay Dist), at head of lake navigation on Lake Superior on Kaministiquia River, site on the Can. Grain Sample Market, bulk-breaking point for all in- coming and outgoing freight of Western Canada, lake terminus of C.P.R., C.N.R. and Mt. McKay and Kakabeka Falls Ry. Inter-city Elec. Ry. to Port Arthur, 3 m. All lines of passenger and freight boats on upper lakes con- verge here. Total elevators including Port Arthur—32, (22 in Port William); combined storage capacity, 56,000,000 bushels. Industries include Ogilvie Flour Mills Co., Can- adian Car & Foundry Co., stove works, brick plants sashes and doors, brooms, machine shop, stock feed manufacturing, starch and syrup making, Can. Iron Foundries, pipe and wheel works, Nat. Tube Co., tube mills, Canada Starch Co., Steel Company of Canada, Great Lakes Dredging Co., wooden ships, Fork William Paper Co's. pulp mill. Head- quarters of Board of Grain Commissioners. Greatest coal- handling centre in Canada. Fort William collects the greatest in-turn of freight of any city in Canada (C.P.R. official statement). Minerals in district include iron, copper, silver, gold, pyrites. Pulpwood is abundant, also pine, tamarack, poplar, birch and jack pine. Pop. 20,541. Special Opportunities.—Heavy iron and steel industries, brick, box factory, radiators and furnaces, pyrites, chemical works, elevator machinery plant, brass foundry, tile works, agricultural implements and machinery, automobile factory, sashes and doors, interior finish plant. City offers liberal inducements. Write Secretary Bd. Trade or City Clerk. GALT (Waterloo Co.). Boilers, boots, boxes, brass goods, builders' supplies, edge tools, engines, farm implements, leather, lime, lumber, pumps, safes, machine tools, soap and oils, stoves, nails, silk yarns, hammocks, towels, taps,

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underwear, wheels, silk and cotton labels, cement machinery, westerns metal t goods, silk mills. Rich agricultural district. Neighborhood supplies limestone, sand and lime.

-iu . ui-aj ga^ boc. Alt. 927. Pop. 13,216. Special Opportunities.—Manufacturers of all kinds. Sites witn railway inter-switching sidings obtainable. Tax exemption, loans and free sites. Natural gas 50c. per M. ft. Niagara elec. power at 4c. per k.w., stable labor conditions Write Sec. Bd. Trade. GANANOQUE (Leeds Co.) Town owns water, sewerage and fire protection systems, public library. Industries, 20, include elec. light and power plant, cheese factory, nails, hammers, gasolene engines, carriage mountings, hardware steel and wood hames, springs and axles, shovels, grist mill, carriage wheels, rivets, corset steels, bolt and carriage forgings, builders' factory, electric meters, 2 boat builders, 2 paving block granite quarries, iron and brass foundries. Factory manufacturing whole milk powder, meter paper, auto bumpers, lub. and motor oil, automobile springs. Alt. 300. Pop. 3,604. Special Opportunities.—Cheese box factory, malleable iron works, a good $1 a day boarding-house, planing mill, brick yard. Water power from Gananoque River. Elec. power from Kingston Mills (1,000 h.p. at low rates), site for iron-working plant available. Inducements offered on application. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. GrEOBG-ETOWN (Halton Co.) Gloves, latch needles, woollen yarn, knitting machines (2), boots and shoes, papers (2), butter, castings, wholesale lumber (2), planing mills, carriages (2), artificial ice plant, creamery, foundries (2), porcelain. Fine agricultural district. Pop. 2,061. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. GODERICH (Huron Co.). Niagara elec. power, flour mill, foundry and machine shop, 2 modern concrete elevators (cap. 2 million bushels) knitting factory, lumber mill, organ and bath fixtures, furniture, builders' factory, salt works, clothing, apple evaporator, canning factory, road machines, steam boilers. National Shipbuilding Co. The neighborhood supplies limestone, salt, lumber, sand suitable for glass or cement brick, clay suitable for tile and red or white brick, gravel and flax. Alt. 729. Pop. 4,107. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. Special Opportunities.—Tile factory, chemical salts factory, wood industries and manufacturers for Western Canada markets. Opening for a large Sanitarium using salt and mineral springs. Write the Sec. Bd. Trade. GUELPH (Wellington Co.). Seat of the Ontario Agricultural College and Macdonald Institute (students 1921-22, 2,106). which is visited annually by 50,000 farmers. Provincial Winter Fair and Fat Stock show held each December is visited by over 40,000 farmers. The city owns all utilities, e.g., gas works, elec. light system, water works, radial railway, and the Guelph Junction Railway. Niagara Hydro- Elec. power at $20 per H.P. Industries include automobile tires, motor trucks, malleable iron castings, rubber dipped

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goods, rubber foot-wear, radiators, boilers, cast-iron castings, gas engines, men's hats, sewing machines, pianos, linen goods, carpets, carriages, clothing, woodworking, steel and wire goods, wrought iron and steel tubing, agricultural implements, steel axles and springs, clean food coun- ters, machinery and automobiles. Alt. 1,143. Pop. 18,- 469. Special Opportunities.—Guelph is a noted grey iron centre, and would welcome kindred industries. City offers free sites, and is prepared to consider a fixed assessment. La- bor conditions ideal. Write to the Chairman of Railways and Manufacturers' Committee, Guelph, or Sec. Chambers of Commerce. HAMILTON (Wentworth Co.) City owns water and sewerage systems. Niagara Palls power and light, Cataract Power Co. and Nat. Gas Co. About 700 factories, including steel, iron, cotton and woollen goods, agricultural machinery, tobacco, electrical wires and cables, clothing, store fixtures, automobiles, trucks, tires, rubber goods, stoves, ploughs, elevators, boots, furniture and many other articles. 40 wholesale houses. Centre of fruit district. Alt. 323. Pop. 114,151. Special Opportunities.—Manufacturers of iron and steel, silks, shipbuilding. Recent report of Ontario Hydro-Electric Power Commission said: "Hamilton now enjoys the dis- tinction of having the cheapest electric lighting and power rates of any city on the continent, or, for that matter, in the world." Good labor conditions. No strikes during the years following the war. Write C. W. Kirkpatrick, Com- missioner of Industries. HESPF.IiER (Waterloo Co.) Blacksmiths' tools, woodworking machinery, furniture (2), stoves and furnaces, woollen mill machinery, textiles, sashes and doors, enamelled iron, lightning rods. Good farming district. Alt. 943. Pop. 2,777. Special Opportunities.—Foundries, furniture factories, free sites, tax exemptions and loans to new industries. Good labor conditions. Write the Mayor. ING-ERSOXiIi (Oxford Co.). 35 factories, include tools, furniture, hay forks, pianos, nuts, machine screws, brooms, cheese, perk packing, hearses, 2 builders factories, woollen mills, 2 grist mills, condensed milk plant (enlarged 1915), flour mill, saw mill, planing mill, knitted underwear, fertil- izer plant, files, disc harrows, land rollers, upholstered furniture. Natural gas and elec. power. Alt. 879. Pop. 5,150. Special Opportunities.—Manufacturers using agricultural products and wood; Niagara elec. Factory sites on 3 interswitching railways. Inducements offered on application. A building with 20,000 sq. ft. floor space leased by municipality for 10 years, is offered to manufacturers. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. KINGSTON (Frontenac Co.). City owns light, power, water and sewerage systems. Hydro-electric power available. Commercial advantages, good water transportation and splendid harbor. Local electric railway. Centre of cheese

93 INDUSTRIAL GUIDE. HAMILTON

The Natural Manufacturing and Distributing Hub of Canada

Hamilton is the Second Largest Industrial City in Ontario. It has Unexcelled Shipping- Facilities by Rail, Water and Motor Transport; the Cheapest Electric Power in the World for Manufacturing Purposes and a well supplied and contented Labor Market.

There is More American Industrial Capital Invested in Hamilton than in any other Canadian City.

LEARN THE REASON

For Specific Information or Illustrated Literature write to C. W. KIRKPATRICK

Commissioner of Industries and Publicity

City Hall - Hamilton, Canada

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trade. Locomotives, textiles, tiles, broom factory, paper boxes, mouldings, piano, steam and marine engines, boats, planing mill, brewery, 4 elevators, and an extensive trade in shipping grain and lumber. Large feldspar and mica mines nearby.. Alt. 261. Pop. 21,753. Special Opportunities.—First class hotel. Factory for clay and feldspar products. Free sites and tax exemptions to new industries. Write Secretary, Industrial Committee. KITCHENER (county seat of Waterloo County). City owns and operates street ry., water, sewerage, elec. light and gas. Over 194 factories, including furniture, automobile tires, rubber footwear, rubber machinery, shirts, collars and whitewear, foundry products, woodworking machinery, gasoline engine, ventilating machinery, vacuum cleaners, phono- graphs, boots and shoes, felt footwear, buttons trunks, clocks, baby carriages, ladders, toys, bicycles, leather tan- ning, etc. 6 wholesale houses. Excellent agricultural district. Alt. 1,100. Pop. 21,763. Special Opportunities.—Brass and other metal furniture fittings, furniture, builders' hardware, upper shoe leathers, automotive and allied industries, textiles, men's hats and caps, clothing, etc. All industries employing male labor. Steady demand for all kinds of skilled mechanics. No labor troubles. Cheap electric power. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. LEAMINGTON (Essex Co.). Town owns water system. In- dustries, tobacco (3), baskets, veneer and handles, foundry, fruit canning, catsup, sashes and doors. Canadian branch of Heinz Co. of Pittsburg. Largest early vegetable hothouse in Ontario. Neighborhood supplies tobacco, early fruits and vegetables. (For particulars of tobacco industry, of which this is the centre, see under Agriculture.) Alt. 626. Pop. 3,675. Special Opportunities.—Manufacturers using tobacco, small fruits, vegetables, especially tomatoes and onions. Town offers tax exemption and free water. Write Royal Bank. LINDSAY (Victoria Co.). Abundant elec. power available from 2 sources; rates $18 to $20 for 24-hour service. Industries 72, include, flour mill, woollen mill, 2 lumber mills, mu- nitions plant, machinery mfr., hydraulic machinery chemical works, milk foods, 1 wholesale store. Alt. 854. Pop. 7,620. Special Opportunities.—Building houses. Cheap power. No union or labor troubles. Tax exemptions and free sites to important new industries. Write Sec. Industrial Com- mission. LISTOWEL (Perth Co.). Town owns water works and elec. light. Industries: 2 Bids, factories, chairs, pianos, furniture, vinegar factory, cement tile factory, flour and oatmeal mill, creamery, knitting mill, cigar factory, phono- graphs, spinning plant, welding plant. Auto disc wheels. Alt. 1,262. Pop. 2,477. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. Note.—In construction, large dye works. LONDON (Middlesex Co.). 380 factories, including iron and steel, wood, leather, brass products, cigars, cigar boxes,

95 I flNMflN Canada's Economic, Manufactur- LiV/lll/V/11 i ng and Distributing Centre.

London is famous for the beauty of its parks and homes. Over 400 factories manufacture over 700 lines of goods. Por reports on any industrial opportunity, write to Secretary, Chamber of Commerce, London, Ont. INDUSTRIAL GUIDE.

boots and shoes, wearing apparel, hosiery, gloves, furniture, engines, agricultural implements, tinware, biscuits and can- dies, boilers, paper boxes, chemicals, breweries, etc. Centre of rich agricultural country. Alt. 809. Pop. 61,039. Note.—Big building programme; University bldgs. City Hall, Schools, and several new factories for which land has been purchased. Special Opportunities.—Manufacturers of all kinds, particularly iron and steel, boots and shoes, textiles, garments, etc. Niagara power. Living is lower than in other large centres. Partial exemption from taxes and special plans to reduce initial cost of establishment of desirable branch industries. Write Manager Chamber of Commerce. MEAFORD (Grey Co.). Electric power, bricks, hardwood floors, scales, machine shop, flour mill, boxes, furniture, wheel barrows, blankets and yarns, flooring, fruit evaporators, 2 builders' factories, tannery, 2 cooper shops, 4 garages. Apple-growing district. Alt. 672. Pop. 2,650. Special Opportunities.—Chair, iron bed and woodworking factories, boat builder, elevator. Town offers free sites, free water, tax exemptions, and possibly free loans. Write Pres. Bd. Trade. MIDLAND (Simcoe Co.). 3 large elevators, 3 lumber mills, 3 planing mills, 2 sash and door factories, foundry and machine shops, box shook factory, woollen mill, 1 blast furnace, 1 flour mill, whitewear factory, 2 engine works, coal dock, 2 ship-building yards, blast furnace, flour mill, (1,000 bbls. cap.), Govt, wireless station. Hydro power from Severn River. Alt. 593. Pop. 7,016 Special Opportunities.—Stove factory, electrical works, dry dock, building mechanics' houses. Write Town Clerk. NAPANEE (Lennox and Addington Co.). Grist mills (2), foundry and machine shop, cannery, bricks and tiles (2), saw mill, furniture, planing mills (2), motor boat works, garages (2), carriages, creamery. Water power available. Neighborhood supplies brick, clay, and cement clays. Cen- tre of good farming district. Hydro-electric power. Alt. 313. Pop. 3,038. Special Opportunities.—Furniture, cannery and other factories. Power at $12 per h.p. up. Free sites and fixed assessments offered. Write Town Clerk, Napanee. NEWMARKET (York Co.). Office furniture, woodenware, pencils, foundry, 2 machine shops, candy factory, tannery, flour mills and clothing factory. Pop. 3,626. Special Opportunities.—Boots and shoes. Any manufacturer wanting suburban advantages within easy reach of Toronto Sales Office, with good motor road connection, plenty female and male labour available, low taxes, cheap Hydro- electric power. Write F. A. Lundy, Chairman Publicity Board, Newmarket. NIAGARA FAIr,T.S (Welland Co.) Power supplied by Hydro-electric Commission, cereal foods, carborundum, graphite, cyanamid, suspenders, neckwear, wire and steel chain, silverware, hats, hosiery, foot supports, carpet sweepers, automobile accessories, paper boxes, aluminum

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novelties, corsets, cannery, 4 planing mills, 2 builders' factories, foundry and machine shop, electro-chemical industries, sanitary cans, cranes and hoists, high tension insula- tors, batteries, bag holders, paper mill specialties. In the neighborhood is found Queenstown limestone, brick clay, building sand and gravel. Alt. 573. Pop. 14,764. Special Opportunities.—Iron and steel industries, textile and other manufacturing industries, contractors, builders, real estate, building houses and business blocks for sale or rental. Power rates—electric, $11.50 per h.p. Natural gas, 70c. per ft. City offers manufacturers fixed assessment or exemption from taxation for a term of years, de- pendent on nature of applicant's industry Write Sec. Chamber of Commerce. NORTH BAY (capital of Nipissing Dist.). 2 planing mills, 2 saw mills, brick plant, box factory, 2 car repair shops, machine shops, furniture factory, 6 wholesale houses, 3 newspapers. A lumbering and mining district. Alt. 659. Pop. 10,692. Special Opportunities.—Woodworking industries, bakery, tannery, casket factory, veneer works, wagon factory. Finan- cial assistance and other inducements on applicaiton. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. ORILLIA (Simcoe Co.). Town owns light, water and sewerage systems. Water filtration plant. Flee, power, 5,000 h.p. available, rate $13.50 per h.p. for 10-hour service; $18.00 for 24-hour service. Clothing (2), electro smelting, wood specialities, woollen factory, electric foundry, saw mill machinery, planing mills (2), boats and canoes (2), hoops, shoes, hardware, furniture, pumps, farm implements, automobiles, carriages, wagons, cement, bricks, 4 wholesale houses. A farming and fruit-growing country. Abun- dant timber. Alt. 732. Pop. 8,744. Special Opportunities.—Auto tire and rubber factory, whitewear, automobiles, furniture, shoe factory, hotel. To bona- fide industries town offers fixed assessments and free sites. Cheap power. Good labor conditions. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. OSHAWA (Ontario Co.). Elec. light and power from Trent River. Town owns water and sewerage systems. Gas plant, foundry, steam and gas fittings, carriages, automobiles, malleable iron, canning, textiles, metal work, leather, woollens, shelf hardware, toys, pianos, builders and contractors, General Motors, 2 wholesale groceries. A good agricultural district. Alt. 331. Pop. 11,940. Special Opportunities.—Manufacturers of all kinds. Good shipping facilities and labor conditions. Abundant elec. power. Free sites and other liberal inducements offered. Write Sec. Publicity Committee. OTTAWA. Industries: 452 factories, including wood products, paper mills, match factories, foundries, cement, iron works, mica, clothing, etc. Alt. 247. Pop. 87,062 in 1911; 107,843 in 1921. Special Opportunities.—Automobiles, boxes, bags, biscuits, barrels, bottles, clothing, cigars, confectionery, cereals, ele-

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vator and mill building machinery, furniture, flour, gloves, paper and kindred products, pottery, roller mill products, rubber and felt goods, shirts, shoes, steel castings, tiles, textiles, woodenware, etc. Water power available within a radius of 60 miles is estimated at 2 000,000 h.p., of which about 75,000 h.p. is at present utilized. Inducements on application. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. OWEN SOUND (Grey Co.). Chairs, bolts and screws, tables, 1 tannery, woodenware, baskets, 3 mill machinery, turbine water wheels, wire fences, wire nails, 3 agricultural implements, 2 bricks, 2 lime, stoves, 2 furniture, 5 saw mills, confectionery and biscuits, vinegar and pickles, 2 cold storage plants, 5 foundries (3 iron, 1 steel, 1 malleable iron), 1 sash and door factory, 2 flour mills, oatmeal mill, linseed oil mill, woollen mill, 2 knitting factories, whitewear, mattresses. Govt, hydro-elec. power from Eugenia Falls. Alt. 585. Pop. 12,190. Special Opportunities.—Agricultural implements, organ and piano, carriage and furniture factories, shipbuilding, hardware, hosiery and whitewear factories, boots and shoes, iron and woodworking industries of all kinds. Liberal inducements offered. Write Chairman Industrial Committee. PARIS (Brant Co.). Alabastine works, flour mill, woollen cloth mill, refrigerator, screen doors and window screens, needles, hydraulic forgings, iron and brass foundry, adver- tising and photo engraving, mop wringers. Home of the largest knit goods industry in the British Empire. In centre of rich farming and dairying district. Abundant good gravel. Nat. Gas. Alt. 843. Pop. 4,368. Special Opportunities.—Several good manufacturing sites on railways. Abundant water supply. Town has adopted provincial housing scheme. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. PEMBROKE (Renfrew Co.). Hydro-electric supplied by the Pembroke Electric Light Co. at low rates to quantity users. 2 lumber mills, 2 builders' factories, 4 machine shops, 2 foundries, 1 lumber tool manufacturing establishment, woollen mill, 1 steel furniture factory, 1 electric specialties' factory, mocassins, gloves, leather tannery, large shook mill, 2 flour mills, 1 match factory, 2 creameries. Alt. 381. Pop. 7,875. Special Opportunities.—Manufacturers requiring girl labor or cheap hydro-electric power would do well to investigate. Special concessions to manufacturers. Write the Mayor. PENETANGUISHENE (Simcoe Co.). Hydro-electric power from Severn River, 1 tannery, 5 saw mills, gasoline engines, 2 box works, carriages, foundry, stoves, launches, fibre boards, shoe packs, 3 planing mills, pails, tubs, 2 machine shops, flour mill, 2 brick yards. Good harbor and docks. Alt. 589. Pop. 4,037. Special Opportunities.—Knitting mills, furniture, pulp mills, boots, elevators, ship yards. Town offers free sites, tax exemption, ample water, cheap labor, cheap power, shipment by rail and water. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. PERTH (Lanark Co.). Hydro-elec. power, chemicals, toilet preparations, soaps, shoes, woollens, felt, knitting mills, 99 INDUSTRIAL GUIDE.

PETERBOROUGH, ONT.

Single Lift of 65 Peet On Trent Waterway.

Peterborough is an ideal location for manufacturing industries, with cheap hydro-electric power developed on the waterway within and adjacent to the city; unexcelled labour conditions, with skilled and unskilled labour and small turn- over; excellent shipping- facilities by both the great railways, and all other requirements.

Peterborough is the gateway to the Kawartha Lakes, one of the great pleasure grounds on the continent, with summer resorts, fishing and hunting.

Read descriptions of Peterborough on pages 60 and 101, Kawartha Lakes page 43 and Trent Canal, page 48. The establishment of industries facilitated and encour- aged.

Write, telegraph, or telephone

The City Clerk, Peterborough Ontario.

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foundries, iron sleighs, sash and doors, aerated waters Centre of fine farming district surrounded by beautiful lakes. Alt. 226. Pop. 3,790. (Peterborough Co.). City owns electric PETERBOROUGH systems and ligrht and power plant, water and sewerage street railway. Over 70 factories, including electrical machinery, dairy machinery, worsted goods, yarns, cereal foods harness, boots and shoes, pulp mill machinery, turbines, clocks and watches, gummed and coated paper, asbestos products, ready-cut houses, agricultural implements, pork products, locks and light hardware, mining and mill machinery, carpets, tents and awnings, marble products, canoes, motor-boats and skiffs, dairy products, narrow silk fabrics, knitted goods, castings, auto dustless street sweepers, rubber tires, brass goods, motor cars, furniture, etc. Headquarters of Can. Gen. Elec. Co., Quaker Oats Co., DeLa- val Mfg. Co., Western Clock Co., Can. Woollens, Ltd. The neighborhood supplies iron, gold, silver, lead, mica and various kinds of lumber. Centre of a rich mixed farming and dairying district. Alt. 949. Pop. 20,994; with suburbs 28,000. Special Opportunities.—Centre of specialized industries—excellent factory sites with transportation facilities available. On 8 ft. direct water route between Lake Huron and Lake Ontario. Cheap and constant power. Write Sec. Chamber of Commerce or City Clerk. PETROLIA (Lambton Co.). Industries include 1 oil refinery, oil well supplies, 2 elevators, fruit and vegetable cannery, boiler works and machine shops, wagons, flax mill, bridge co., flour mill, knitting mill, large brick and tile works, large butter factory, soaps and greases. Centre of oil and fine agricultural district. Alt. 667. Pop. 3,148. Special Opportunities.—Oil investments, oil prospecting, any kind of industry. Town offers free sites and exemption from taxes. Write Sec. Chamber of Commerce. PICTON (Prince Edward Co.). 7 canning factories. Other industries include milk powder, box factory, sash and door factory, 2 barrel factories, butter factory, soft drinks, saw and planing mill, cement tile and brick factory. Grain and seed picking, and packing warehouses. Hydro-electric power. Golf links. Alt. 322. Pop. 3,356. Write the Mayor. Special Opportunities.—20,000 h.p. Hydro-elec. available. Rail and water service. FORT ARTHUR (Thunder Bay District). Head of navigation on Lake Superior, 2,000 m. from Atlantic, 1,900 m. from Pacific. Municipally-owned street ry., hydro-electric plant, elec. light and telephone and waterworks. Dom. Gov't., Can. Nat. rys. and 11 private elevators, total capacity 31 million bushels; one of the largest shipbuilding plants in Canada with dry dock 720 feet in length; the C.N.R. coal and ore docks; 2 pulp mills, 5 large lumber companies, 3 cold storage plants, tent and awning, 2 aerated water works and brewery, large poultry farm. The centre of rich farming district, being opened up by Govt, roads. Alt. 608. Pop. 1921, 14,886.

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Special Opportunities.—Manufacture of wood and iron, pulp mills, flour mills, biscuit factories, cereal and breakfast food mills, production of glass from local silica and potash from local feldspar, smelters, rolling mills, etc. City offers factory sites. Steam coal costs normally about $8.10 per ton; 300,000 h.p. in waterfalls partly developed sells at an average of $18 per h.p. per annum; 2 billion tons of iron ore and large deposits of copper in vicinity; also iron pyrites, molybdenite; gold, silver, nickel, dolmonite, feldspar, silica, mica, asbestos and zinc. Port Arthur is the nearest point to the western markets where raw materials can be assembled by water. Write for information and book of 127 views to Sec. Bd. Trade. FORT COLBOBNE (Welland Co.). Hydro-electric from Ni- agara, and natural gas. Good harbour, depth 22 ft., to be deepened, large docking facilities, planing mill, 5 million dollar nickel refinery, large flour mills. Govt, elevator, cork works, cement works, iron ore, smelter, grain and feed mill, iron foundry. Alt. 580. Pop. 3,415. Special Opportunities.—Steel and iron industries, flour mills. Small flour or feed mill for sale or rent. Factory sites controlled by the town ready for manufactures. Write the Mayor. FORT HOPE (Durham Co.). Hydro-electric for street lighting and power. Industries include preserving and canning, enamelware, lacquer and varnish, iron sewer pipe and connecting iron works, plumbers' supplies, tanneries, foundry, file factory, flour mills, pottery and red brick plant, planing mill, machine shop, copperine, babbit metal and phenyle, large greenhouses, carriage and implement factories, trousers, wooden and steel mats, gravity carriers, drugs, lumber, veneer, leather, lace, oil burning appliances, baskets, felt shoes. Good fruit-farming district. Alt. 265. Pop. 4,456. Special Opportunities.—Manufacture of brass goods, automobiles, malleable iron. 2 buildings suitable for machine shops available. Abundant electric power at $12 to $25 per h.p. Erection of mechanics' houses. Town offers free sites, with interswitching between C.P.R. and C.N.R. and tax exemptions. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. PRESCOTT (Grenville Co.). On St. Lawrence River and C.P.R. and C.N.R., 12 miles E. of Brockville. Hydro-electric power. Emery wheels, caskets, creamery, distillery, grain elevator (cap. 1,000,000 bushels), planing mill, candy factory, brass goods factory, veneer paper, Government marine works. Alt. 247. Pop. 2,636. Special Opportunities.—Branch factories of American firms. Town has direct car ferry connection all the year with U.S. railways, and large undeveloped power. Factory on C.P.R. track and brick yard plant for sale. Inducements on application. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. PRESTON (Waterloo Co.). Town owns electric light and power, water and sewerage systems. Woodworking machinery office, school and household furniture, stoves and furnaces, electric and steam cars, hay machinery, planing

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mill, metal shingles, elec. fittings, rolling mill, woollens, brushes, agricultural implements, hockey sticks, wagons and sleighs, piano players, shoes. 20 factories in all. Alt. 925. Pop. 5,423. Special Opportunities.—Manufacturers are offered low taxation, good shipping facilities and Niagara electric power. 150 acres of factory sites between C.P.R. and C.N.R. Tax exemptions, loans offered to- new industries. Write Com- missioner of Industries. RENFREW (Renfrew Co.). Elec. light and power. Refrig- erators, large creamery, flour mills, hosiery, machinery, sashes and doors (2), truck scales, bricks and tiles, lime, woollen mill, blankets, foundry, electric supplies, cream separators, gasoline engines. Elec. power. Graphite and Molybdenite found in vicinity. Alt. 416. Pop. 4,906. Special Opportunities.—Woollen factories, foundry, woodenware factory, knitting mills. 3,600 h.p. elec. power available at $20 per h.p., 24-hour service. Abundant water power nearby, 20,000 h.p. available. Town offers special inducements. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. RID G-E TOWN (Kent Co.). Planing mill, basket factory, cannery, bean picking plant, machinery works, broom and brush factory bookbinding clothing, creamery, flour mill. Hydro- elec. power. Nat. gas at 42c. per M. ft., 15c to manufacturers. Pishing and duck-shooting at Rondeau Park (5,000 acres), 11 miles. Alt. 657. Pop. 1,855. Special Opportunities.—Woodworking industries, shoe factory, pickle factory, raw tobacco warehouse, knitting mills. In- ducements on application. Write Royal Bank. ST. CATHARINES (Lincoln Co.). City owns water and sewerage systems, and Hydro-electric light and power system (power developed by Niagara Falls). Elec. light and power and nat. gas by private cos. About 80 factories in district, including 5 paper mills, flour mills, planing mills, hair cloth, wine metal works, motors, and other electrical machinery, biscuits, 4 canning factories, incandescent lamps, baskets, saws, agricultural hand tools, knitting, brewery, mincemeat, jam, knives, tannery, rubber factories, flax and silk mills, greenhouse manufacturers. Centre of Niagara fruit belt. Alt. 347. Pop. 19,881; (within 5. mile radius, 45,000). Special Opportunities.—Building of workmen's houses. Any manufacturing industry, machinists, iron and metal workers. Cheap power. Liberal inducements offered. Write Chamber of Commerce. ST. MARY'S (Perth Co.). Town owns waterworks and elec. light. Niagara elec. power. 2 newspapers. 25 miles of granolithic walks. 2 builders' factories, agricultural implements, fruit evaporator, creamery vats, wood specialties, $750,000 cement works, cement products, 2 planing mills, 2 limestone quarries, lime kiln, cold storage, hooks and eyes, flour mill, cheese factory, 3 flax mills, 2 creameries, machinery, crushed stone for roads, flour mill, handles, shoes, cereal mill, cement bricks, cement tiles. Neighbor- hood supplies sand and stone, cement clay, limestone and 103 INDUSTRIAL GUIDE.

lumber. The centre of a very rich general mixed farming, flax growing, fruit growing and dairying district. Alt. 1,082. Pop. 3,847. Special Opportunities.—Industries requiring stone, or farm or dairy produce as raw material, canning factory, condensed milk plant, etc. Furniture and knitting factories, textiles, any woodworking industry, leather industries, cigar factory, button and hardware factories, automobile motor truck or tractor factory, shoe factory, factories making finished cement products, insulating material, flax products. To manufacturers, cheap power and good shipping facilities. Large area for factory sites, abundance of building material, cheap living and moderate rents, good labor conditions, unlimited water supply from artesian wells. Town offers low fixed assessments and other libelal inducements on application. Write Industrial Secretary. ST. THOMAS (Elgin Co.). Brushes and brooms, shoes (2), confectionery (4), knitting, handles (2), woodenware, 1 steel, 1 brass and 3 iron foundries, 3 large railway shops, planing mill (3), saw mill, flour mills (2), gramophone, packing house, lithographing plant, radiophones, mattresses, butter and cheese factory. City owns all public utilities, and is famous for its horticulture society. Surrounded by rich agricultural and fruit belt. Good climate. Alt. 754. Pop. 16,026. Special Opportunities.—Automobile factory, steel and malleable foundry, nursery and seed industry. 20,000 h.p. Niag- ara elec. power at cost. Good shipping facilities by rail or lake. 78 acres Industrial Area. City offers tax exemptions. Write for free pamphlet to Sec. Bd. Trade. SARNIA (Lamb ton Co.). City owns water and sewerage systems. Hydro-electric light and power. Nat. gas. Lum- ber mills, woodworking, stoves, bridge works, threshers, oil refinery, salt works, saw mill, cannery, jams, 3 munition plants, brass goods, overalls, cigars, lubricants, wire fencing, dish washing machinery, automobile castings and parts, lifeboats, hotwater heaters, plumbing supplies, artificial ice plant, fire apparatus, cream separators, garbage cans, ventilators, municipal water fittings, flax mill, cold storage, auto trucks, auto pumps, asbestos roofing etc., flour mills, Marine Wrecking Co., etc. City has 2 miles of water- front, at any point of which boats can make dock safely. Neighborhood supplies petroleum and salt. Alt. 587. Pop. 14,877. Special Opportunities.—Iron or steel industries, shipbuilding, evaporator, flax mills, elevators. Cheap freight to North- west, and cheap coal. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. SAULT STE. MARIE. City owns light, water and sewerage systems, unlimited electrical power. Manufacturers include Algoma Steel Corporation, Lake Superior Pulp & Paper Co., Lake Superior Paper Co., Dominion Tar and Chemical Co., Algoma Central Railway Car Shops, Northern Foundry and Machine Company, Canadian Barker Company, Kirsten Can- adian Company (stump pullers, etc.), Everett Manufacturing Company (Woodenware), Great Lakes Power Company,

104 INDUSTRIAL GUIDE.

Soo Dredging and Construction Company, North American Snowshoe Co., Soo Falls Brewing Co. A large number of wholesale houses, sash and door factories, commercial fishing companies and other smaller industries. Neighborhood supplies coal, iron, copper, silver, trap rock, brick clay, pulpwood, fur. Pop. 21,092. . Special Opportunities.—Industries requiring timber, soft and hard woods, pig iron, structural steel. Good location for manufacturers and distributors of all classes of goods, being midway between east and west with splendid shipping facilities by rail and water, low competitive rates. Good opening for first-class hotel, market gardening and poultry raising. Inducements to industries. Write Sec. Board of Trade. SEAFORTH (Huron Co.). Furniture, engines and threshers, leggings and gloves, staves and bolts, sashes and doors, saw mill, grist, flour, oatmeal and flax mills, cooperage, tannery, aerated waters, apple evaporator, creamery, pottery, brick and tile yards. Niagara elec. power. Neigh^ borhood supplies salt, hardwood, sand and clay for brick and tile works. The centre of a very rich mixed farming and fruit growing district. Pop. 1,829. Special Opportunities.—Any industry, particularly those using farm and dairy products, canning factory, creamery and cheese factory, knitting, boot and shoe, and furniture factories, packing plant, foundry. Cheap power, good labor conditions. To bona-fide industries town offers free sites, tax exemptions, and other inducements on application. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. SIMCOE (Norfolk Co.). Town owns water and sewerage systems and elec. light plant. The largest canning factory in Canada, tin can plant, shoe factory, greenhouses, evaporator, pickle factory, tannery, steam warping tugs, saw mills, seeds, creamery, woollen mill, flour mill, shoddy mill, fruit preserving. The centre of a very rich fruit and dairy district on new highway, Niagara Falls to Windsor. Pop. 3,953. Special Opportunities.—Manufacture of boxes, bricks, tiles, cigars, implements, carriages, woodenware, carpets, ropes, binder twine, paper, tin plate, soap, furniture, glass, shoes, gas engines, rubber goods, brass, leather goods, foundry and machine shop, tobacco, farm implements. Industries using farm and dairy produce as raw material. To manufacturers, excellent shipping facilities and cheap power from both Niagara elec. and natural gas. Immunity from labor troubles. Liberal inducements. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. SMITH'S FALLS (Lanark Co.). Hydro-elec. energy in abundance. Local distributing system owned and operated by the municipality. 4 banks. Industries, farm implements, malleable castings, stoves, buttons, bricks, sashes and doors, grist mill, baking powder, cooperage stock, 3 wholesale houses. Alt. 423. Pop. 6,790. Special Opportunities.—Female labor plentiful, iron workers, also wood workers and unskilled labor in considerable force. Good factory sites, with A 1 shipping facilities by rail or water to be had at low cost. Write Sec. Bd. Trade.

105 INDUSTRIAL GUIDE.

STRATFORD (Perth Co.). City owns light, water and sewerage systems. C. N. R. locomotive repair shops, furniture, threshing machines, flour, Kindel Bed Co., Ltd., bricks and tiles, chairs, music cabinets, woollens, agricultural implements, pork packing, ladders, felt shoe, dairy supplies, rattan furniture, corrugated drain pipe, flour mill machinery, desks, bridge and iron works, clothing, office specialties, upholstered furniture, steel bed springs, harness specialities grain picklers, knitted goods, traction engines, cigars, hoops and staves, furniture frames, brassware, brass beds davenports. Pop. 16,094. Special Opportunities.—Furniture and all woodworking industries. Bonds of bona-fide industries guaranteed by city, Free sites and low fixed assessments. Niagara power. La- bor conditions good. Steady supply of skilled iron and wood workers. Write Sec. Chamber of Commerce. STRATHROY (Middlesex Co.). Niagara elec. power. 5 builders' factories, 2 flour and grist mills, cannery, cheese and butter factory, 2 furniture factories, woollen mill stoves, 2 egg-packing establishments, 1 cold storage, 2 sa-w mills, basket factory, pianos, handles. A first-class agricultural and dairy country. Neighborhood supplies hard and soft woods. AU. 744. Pop. 2,691. STURGEON FALLS (Nipissing Dist.). Hydro-elec. powei and light supplied by town, and sewerage systems owned b> town. Large pulp and paper mills, soda water, saw mill planing mill, electric light and power company, flour and grist mill. Alt. 685. Pop. 4,125. Special Opportunities.—Woodworking machinery, furniture Write Town Clerk. SUDBURY (Sudbury Dist.). Town owns water works electric light and power. Planing mills (5), bricks (2), sashes and doors (4), cement blocks, brewery soda water (2), Oxo-hydrogen, pickles, wholesale cold storage (2), candy, compressed feed, foundry, machine shops creamery. Executive offices of 6 wholesale firms, 4 railway construction cos., and 25 lumber cos. 3 large smelters. Centre of nickel district. Alt. 850. Pop. 8,621. Special Opportunities.—Industries and wholesalers of al! kinds. Workmen's houses. Shipping facilities on 7 lines of railways. Cheap power, 20,000 h.p. developed. Abundanl iron ore and nickel ready for smelter. Town offers fixed assessments and other liberal inducements. Write Sec. Bd Trade. THESSALON (Algoma Dist.). Industries, bricks, 2 saw mills, 2 planing mills, boxes, baskets, lath mill, foundry machine shop, 2 garages. Elec. light and waterworks systems owned by town. Alt. 599. Pop. 1,651. Special Opportunities.—Woodworking industries. White pine oak, birch and maple N. of town. Write Mgr. Imperial Bank. THOEOLD (Welland Co.). Town owns electric light, watei and sewerage systems. Abundant electric and water power nat. gas. Industries include pulp board, paper mills, tissue mills, 2 flour mills, 4 pulp mills, road binder material j 106 INDUSTRIAL GUIDE

glass, foundry and machine shops, woollen goods, smelter, knitting factory, The Dextrine Co. making "Dextrine", electro-chemical industries. In the neighborhood are stone quarries and natural cement stone. Alt. 526. Pop. 4,825. 3pecial Opportunities.—Cheap power from Niagara Falls. Town offers fixed assessment, cheap sites and other inducements to new industries. Write industrial Commis- sioner. riliBURY (Kent Co.). Town owns water and sewerage systems. Niagara elec. power and light. Grist mill, planing mill, cannery, automobile tops, machine shop, foundry, overalls, flax mill. A good farming district, which supplies timber, crude oil, flax, tobacco, fruits and vegetables for canning. Power supplied by nat. gas and electricity. Alt. 586. Pop. 1,673. Special Opportunities.—Inducements to new industries on application. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. riLLSONBURG- (Oxford Co.). Niagara elec. power. Gasoline engines, machinery, grist mill, tannery, bricks, 2 foundries, hand harvest tools, flour mill, oatmeal mills, condensed milk, carriage works, show case factory, planing mills, linen goods, shoes. Surrounded by rich dairying and fruit district, supplying timber and brick clay. Alt. 757. Pop. 2,974. Note.—Maple Leaf Harvest Tool Co. building new plant; Huntley Mfg, Co. erecting factory for elevating and grain cleaning machinery. Special Opportunities.—Coal merchant. TORONTO (York Co.). Over 2,210 factories employing in normal times 106,300 people. Industries include practically all varieties of "Made in Canada" commodities. Cloth- ing, hats, gloves and furs, 200 factories; metal industry including engines, boilers, machinery, agricultural implements, tools and metal goods, 200; chemicals, about 50; printing and allied trades, 120; jewellery, 40; musical in- struments, 26; lumber and woodenware, 45; furniture and house furnishings, 39; harness and leather goods, 43; boots and shoes, 16; brick and building, 32; ice cream and confectionery, 24; rubber, 11; flour and cereals, 11; bread and biscuits, 11; automobiles, 2; electrical goods, 30. There are over 200 branches of American industries. Hydro-electric power from Niagara. Chief livestock market in the Do- minion. Union Stockyards are 35 acres in extent. Area of city, 32^4 sq. miles. Alt. (at City Hall) 296. Pop. (Dom. Census) 376,240 in 1911; 521,893 in 1921; Assessor's Es- timate 1922, 529,083. Foronto Harbour Improvements. Improvements in progress call for the construction of 15 m. of piers, wharves and quays, having navigable depth of 24 ft. with provision for ultimate depth of 30 ft. The Commissioners have in mind the construction of the St. Lawrence Deep Waterway. The Toronto Harbour when completed will accommodate over 100 vessels from 5,000 to 10,000 tons and be equipped to complete their unloading in 24 hours from the time of docking.

107 INDUSTRIAL GUIDE

Harbour Industrial Sites. Work contemplated comprises thd reclamation of 1,200 acres. Of this over 500 acres have been fully reclaimed on which there are already established some 30 industries with buildings and plants valued at approx. $10,000,000. The centre of the industrial district 1 is l /^ m. from the business centre of the city and is served by 3 transcontinental railways and a ship channel 1 through the centre I /* m. long and 400 ft. wide. Manu- facturers have abundant hydro-electric power at low cost direct from Niagara Falls, perfect co-ordination of rail and water transportation, free switching service from all railroads, present and future, operating into Toronto. In- dustrial sites for sale or lease at cost. Write Heaton's Industrial Service, 32 Church St., Toronto. TRENTON (Hastings Co.). Hydro-electric Power Commis- sions Transformer stations, extensive acid and chemical works, Weddell Dredging Co., Creosoting Co., Iron concen- trator, cooperage, account registers, foundry, silverware, 3 clothing, 1 sash and door, paper mills, wholesale lumber sprays, 1 evaporator, beverages, bricks, Dye works. The neighborhood supplies iron, limestone, marble, and many varieties of lumber. Good market twice a week. Good fishing. Pop. 5,902. Special Opportunities.—Cereal and glucose factory, boot and shoe factory, woodworking and specialties, beet sugar factory, iron and paper industries, rolling mills, dry dock, summer hotel. Excellent transportation and power facilities, 5,000 h.p. electric power available, which is sold at cost. Good labor conditions. Free sites and fixed assessments to new industries. Write Sec. Chamber of Com- merce. TWEED (Hastings Co.). Builders' supplies, chemicals, 2 foundries, machine shop and 4 garages, steel troughs, bricks, flour mills, woodworking factory (brooms, hammers, etc.). Electric light. Deposits of various minerals. Pop. 1,339. Special Opportunities.—Canning, woodenware, bedding, or shoe factory. Pulp and arsenic deposits could be developed. Elec. power 3c. per k.w. Tax exemptions and free sites offered. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. WALLACEBTJEG (Kent Co.). Waterworks, sewer and elec. light systems owned by town. Industries, sugar refinery (400 hands) glass works (800 hands), brass goods (125 hands), cooperage factory, flour mill, flax mill, cut glass plant, tiles and bricks, planing mills, machine shops, and shipyards. Pop. 4,006. Special Opportunities.—Jam and fruit cannery. Good shipping facilities by rail and water. Write the Town Clerk. WATERLOO (Waterloo Co.). Niagara elec. power. Thresh- ing j machines, furniture, brooms and brushes, boots I and shoes, malt house, upholstery, office desks, \ distillery, buttons, mattress factory, flour mills, bricks and tiles, cigars, washing machines, springs, combs, gloves, j boxes, interior wookwork, shoddy, planing I mill, sash and door factory, trunks and bags, ! barrels, cigar boxes, upholstered goods, brewery and malt

108 INDUSTRIAL GUIM5

factory, tannery, shirts, springs. Head office, 2 life ins. cos.; 3 fire ins. cos. are located here. Fine farming district. Alt. 1,056. Pop. 5,883. Special Opportunities.—A good supply of skilled labor is available for the manufacture of furniture (frames and upholstered goods, office, school and church), general interior fittings, planing mill, sash and door factory, boots and shoes, collars and shirts, and for general foundry. No strikes. Tax exemptions offered, sometimes free sites and loans. Write Sec. Bd. Trade. WELLAND (Welland Co.). Town owns water and sewerage systems; unlimited elec. power at competitive rates. Nat. gas at 50c. 6 banks. Industries include Canadian Mead Morrison Co., Canadian Billings & Spencer, Chipman Holton Mills, Canada Forge Co., 2 foundries. Can. Steel Foundries, Dain Mfg. Co., cotton mills, Elec. Steel & Metal Co., Volta Mfg. Co., Brit.-Am. Shipbuilding Co., Dillon Crucible Al- loys, Ltd', electro metals, cannery, furniture, Imperial Mfg. Co., carbide, overalls, chemicals, cordage, pipe mills, beds, stoves, ice cream, marble, seeds, boilers, concrete stone, milling co., 4 planing mills. Situated in centre of one of the finest fruit districts in Canada. Electricity $14 per h.p. per annum, 24-hour service. A fine harbour, 20 ft. of water. Alt. 601. Pop. 8,654. Write Geo. Day, Industrial Commissioner. WOODSTOCK (Oxford Co.). Wagons, 3 machine shops, biscuits, furniture, woven wire fence, wheel hubs, furniture casters, farm tools, flour mills, organs and pianos, planing mill, chopping mill, soaps, stoves, oatmeal, bentwood for brooms, knitting, metal signs, wheels and sleigh runners, concrete machinery, garden tools, braid edging, phono- graphs, curtain rods, furnishing hardware, simplex iron- ers, paper shipping and packing devices, paper auto-dust covers. Good agricultural district, supplying cattle, hogs, cheese, butter, wool, hides, grain. Alt. 958. Pop. (no foreign element) 9,935. Special Opportunities.—Iron industries, boot and shoe factories, shirt and collar factory, electrical supplies, canning, textiles, pickling, building mechanics' houses. Write Sec. Bd. Trade.

109 JASPERPSkI0DGE

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Capital (Authorized) $10,000,000 Capital (Paid Up) 7,000,000 Reserve Pund 7,500,000

DIRECTORS: Peleg Rowland, President. Wm. Hamilton Merritt, M.D., Vice-President. Sir J. A. Aikins, K.C., M.P., Winnipeg. John Northway J. F. Michie Frank Rolph R. S. Waldie G. C. Heintzman J. W. Hobbs

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LETTERS OF CREDIT, Travellers'Cheques and Drafts issued. Money Orders sold at favourable rates. SAVINGS DEPARTMENT AND SAFETY DEPOSIT BOXES at all Branches. Interest allowed on deposits at current rates. WE MAKE Investigations and Reports UPON INDUSTRIAL OPENINGS AND MARKET CONDITIONS IN CANADA, AND WE ADVISE UPON THE BEST LO- CATION FOR INDUSTRIES.

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