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The Emergency Response Operations NIST NCSTAR 1-8 Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster The Emergency Response Operations (Appendices J-L) J. Randall Lawson Robert L. Vettori National Institute of Standards and Technology • Technology Administration • U.S. Department of Commerce Appendix J World Trade Center Emergency Procedures Manual 2001 Reproduced with permission of The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. EMERGENCY PROCEDURES MANUAL 2001 CONFIDENTIAL INTRODUCTION Attached is the 2001 version of the World Trade Center Emergency Procedures Manual. This manual outlines response procedures and protocol for World Trade Center Emergency Response Personnel. The original document was prepared in 1988 and has been updated and expanded on an annual basis since. Each chapter is divided into two sections - "General Information" and "Response". The "General Information" section is subdivided and provides the Scope of the chapter, which summarizes the content and applicability of the procedures; Major Responsibilities, which provides a brief overview of the responsibilities of responding units; and Notifications, which identifies the emergency notifications which must be made by staff. The "Response" section provides detailed instructions and responsibilities to be followed by all responding staff. It should be noted that this manual contains priority and/or restricted information and is distributed on a "need-to-know" basis to authorized staff having duties associated with emergency response within the World Trade Center. The information contained herein is confidential and as such, appropriate precautions shall be taken to secure this document. It may not be copied, reproduced or distributed without authorization from the Port Authority Life Safety and Security Division. This manual supersedes all previous copies of the Emergency Procedures Manual and upon receipt of this document, all previous versions must be discarded in an appropriate manner, such as shredding or otherwise destroying. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 ASBESTOS CONTAMINATION CHAPTER 2 BOMB THREATS CHAPTER 3 CHEMICAL AND FUEL RELEASES CHAPTER 4 COOLING SYSTEM FAILURES CHAPTER 5 DOMESTIC WATER OUTAGES CHAPTER 6 ELEVATOR EMERGENCIES CHAPTER 7 FIRE EMERGENCIES CHAPTER 8 FLOODS CHAPTER 9 NATURAL GAS LEAKS CHAPTER 10 LABOR DISPUTES & DEMONSTRATIONS CHAPTER 11 MEDICAL EMERGENCIES CHAPTER 12 NATURAL DISASTERS CHAPTER 13 POWER FAILURES CHAPTER 14 STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY APPENDIX A-O CHAPTER 1 ASBESTOS CONTAMINATION CHAPTER 1 ASBESTOS CONTAMINATION GENERAL INFORMATION 1-1 Scope 1-1.1 Major Responsibilities 1-1.2 Notifications 1-1.3 RESPONSE 1-2 Environmental 1-2.1 Operations and Maintenance Management 1-2.2 Life Safety and Security 1-2.3 Police 1-2.4 Construction Division 1-2.5 Property Management 1-2.6 ASBESTOS CONTAMINATION 1-1.1 SCOPE This response procedure covers Asbestos Containing Material (ACM) contamination caused by the sudden, unexpected release, or potential release, of asbestos into the atmosphere. Contamination may result from: • Damaged thermal insulation or fireproofing. • Fire, flood or explosion damage within an area containing asbestos. Note: For elevator shaft fireproofing fallout, refer to Chapter 6 for specific procedures. Where an immediate threat to life and property exists, responding staff shall take initial action as covered in other chapters of this manual and shall consider these asbestos contamination procedures subordinate to overall life safety when stabilizing the initial emergency. 1-1.2 MAJOR RESPONSIBILITIES Environmental • Direct and monitor asbestos cleanup for compliance with Port Authority asbestos policies and applicable state and federal regulations. Perfonn bulk and air sampling and analysis. Operations and Maintenance Management • Mechanical Section: Secure all affected mechanical systems. • Electrical Section: Secure all affected electrical systems. • General Maintenance Section: Secure all affected structural systems. • Environmental Coordinator: Assess condition and extent of contamination, determine cleanup procedures, and coordinate the activities of the Environmental Division and abatement contractor. Construction Division • Participate as requested by the Environmental Coordinator. Life Safety and Security • Authorize and conduct evacuation, monitor fire/life safety concerns and authorize use of security officers to secure contaminated areas. Operations Control Center • Coordinate elevator response; initiate appropriate notifications. Police • Respond and, as requested by Environmental or other appropriate Units, establish perimeter at point(s) dictated by events and prevent reentry of unauthorized personnel. Contact PATH ESU if needed. Property Management • Act as the WTC Liaison Officer. • Coordinate with appropriate WTC Units on issues directly impacting tenants. • Disseminate information to tenants. 1-1.3 NOTIFICATIONS The initial report of an asbestos release event shall be made to the Operations Control Center, detailing the precise location, nature and extent of the incident in accordance with Exhibit 1A, contained herein. All of the notifications, which are to be made by the Operations Control Center Supervisor and the Police Desk Officer, are listed in Exhibit IB, contained herein. 1-2 RESPONSE 1-2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL When notified by the WTC Environmental Coordinator: • Respond to contaminated area and immediately evaluate the extent of contamination. Commence air monitoring inside and outside of affected area(s). Assess cleanup process and advise Environmental Coordinator of any required actions beyond those already taken. • Oversee environmental performance of cleanup contractors. • Determine if notification must be transmitted to New York State Department of Labor. • Ensure ACM is disposed of properly (refer to Exhibit 1C). 1-2.2 OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT Note: Only staff who have been trained to handle asbestos will participate in asbestos contamination emergencies. Duty Supervisor • Personally observe and assess conditions to determine the nature and scope of the potential hazard with the appropriate section supervisory staff (Contract or Port Authority). • Notify Operations Control Center Supervisor that an actual ACM contamination emergency has occurred and initiate contact with the Environmental Coordinator. • In the case of contamination in an elevator cab, secure all elevators in common shafts. If the incident occurs from a flood in open areas: • For Small Floods, evacuate the immediate area. • For Medium Floods, evacuate the immediate and surrounding area (10 ft. radius). • For Large Floods, evacuate the immediate and surrounding area (25 ft. radius). If the incident occurs from a flood in single occupant office, rest room, janitor closet, etc.: • Request that occupant(s) evacuate the area and close (lock) the door to keep unauthorized personnel out. • If the incident occurs from a fire or an explosion, notify the Life Safety and Security supervisor who will direct that the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system be operated on "smoke purge" mode or as directed or approved by the Fire Safety Director, New York City Fire Department Chief Officer in charge and/or the New York City Police Department Bomb Squad. • Request the Mechanical Section to secure the HVAC supply system to the area and operate fan(s) on full exhaust Note: Exhaust systems in toilets and sen^ice closets should remain on during clean up. • If cleanup of the affected area can not be immediately started, direct Operations and Maintenance Management staff to cover the fallout debris with polyethylene sheeting to prevent disturbance by unauthorized personnel. Direct janitorial services contractor to: • Respond to the area to contain any water with dikes and to remove it using proper procedures. • Spread plastic sheeting and secure with duct tape to minimize water damage to furnishings and carpets. Remove all debris from desks - typewriters, telephones, papers, books, computers, etc. Direct other Operations and Maintenance Management staff to: • Secure the entry and exit points to affected area to unauthorized personnel. • Establish a demarcation line with warning signs/barriers. • Assist Life Safety & Security with evacuation, if requested. After repairs and cleaning are completed and clean air monitoring results indicate fiber counts below .01f/cc, area can safely be reoccupied. Barriers must be removed, HVAC system restored to normal operations and occupants informed that space can be safely reoccupied. Affected elevators must be restored to normal service. If pre-clean up fiber counts are .01f/cc or higher, then final air clearance is required. Environmental Coordinator • Assess nature and extent of ACM contamination. • Coordinate overall response of responding units. • Based upon nature and extent of the contamination, develop a response and clean-up plan. • Determine when response is terminated • Supply updated ACM survey data to Life Safety & Security and Operations & Maintenance Management staff. Mechanical Section Under the direction of the Environmental Coordinator: • Respond to site, or safe area as directed. • Secure all affected mechanical equipment systems as directed. • At minimum, the HVAC supply system should be secured and return system should be activated on full exhaust. Note: If the emergency response is the result of a fire or an explosion, any actions taken concerning the HVAC system must be coordinated with Fire/Life Safety staff. • Perform repairs and restore normal service when
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