DOCSLIB.ORG

Air Mass Sensors Olbenschmidt Audi, F Mercedes Benz Vehicle Rectifier Flow Ord, Seat, Skoda, VW Temperature Sensor P Ierburg

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Air Mass Sensors Olbenschmidt Audi, F Mercedes Benz Vehicle Rectifier Flow Ord, Seat, Skoda, VW Temperature Sensor P Ierburg SI 0079 For technical personnel only! Page 1/4 N O Air mass sensors mati Troubleshooting, defects and testing FOR N SERVICE I Vehicle Product Air mass sensor PIERBURG No. Replacement for O.E. No.* Mercedes Benz 7.22684.07.0 7.22684.00.0 611 094 0048; A 611 094 0048 Audi, Ford, Seat, Skoda, VW 7.22684.08.0 F00C 2G2 056 06A 906 461; 028 906 461 F00C 2G2 004 Applications Description of functions The air mass sensor measures the mass The complete air mass sensor consists of of air inducted by the engine (“air flow a flow channel (“pipe”) in which the indu- mass”) with great precision. ced air-flow is directed past the actual The signal produced by the air mass sensor. sensor is used to calculate the amount of fuel injection and - in the case of diesel engines - also to control the recirculation Depending on the type of use and vehicle, of exhaust. the air mass sensor is either completely It is an important component in both the integrated in a tube made of synthetic reduction of exhaust and air supply. material, or with the actual sensor as a A defective or dirty air mass sensor can separate individual plugin module. Both Construction types deliver false input signals to the engine's versions (with tube/separate) are termed central control unit, which in turn sends “air mass sensor”. This method takes into account the den- false information to other components. Earlier models were fitted with a hot- sity of the air passing by. In the case of turbo diesels the air mass wire sensor element. The hot-wire was Newer models with 2 seperate measuring sensor is subjected to particularly high “burned free” by polluants following the bridges are also able to recognize pulsa- burden due to the fact that both air flow short increase in heat after turning off the tions and back-flow. rate and air speed are very high. engine. Newer models work using a film-like flow electronic unit heating resistor on a support, in which sensors rectifier case the burn-through procedure does not apply. The heat-film sensor is heated to a tem- perature of approx. 120°C - 180°C above induction temperature (depending on vehicle manufacturer). The inflow of air cools the heat-film sensor. This cooling- down is compensated by a heating current electronic unit heat film sensor via the electronic controller unit. Heat f ilm-air mass sensor temperature sensor This heating current is directly proportio- nal to the amount of air induced. (newer version, exploded view) Heat film-mass sensor (earlier models) The right of changes and deviating pictures is reserved. Assignment and usage, refer to the each case current catalogues, TecDoc CD respectively systems based on TecDoc. © MS Motor Service International GmbH – 05/05 EN International Service Motor © MS * The reference numbers given are for comparison purposes only and must not be used on invoices to the consumer. www.ms-motor-service.com MS Motor Service International GmbH · 74196 Neuenstadt · Germany KOLBENSCHMIDT PIERBURG GROUP SI 0079 For technical personnel only! Page 2/4 Defects and possible causes Possible causes of damage: • Bad servicing, for instance uncleanli- Defects and dirty air mass sensors deliver • If the air intake tube is porous, dirt ness when changing air filters, use of faulty signals. This can have the following particles can find their way into the wrong or substandard air filters can be consequences: inducted air These collide at high speed the cause of dirt and damage to the air • black smoke with the air mass sensor, destroying the mass sensor. • power shortage sensitive sensor element. • Splashed water, for instance from • minimal operation • Excessive oil spray from the crankcase heavy rainfall, can force its way into the ventilator can lead to fouling-up of the clean-air side and damage or dirt-clog sensor. the sensor. Salt water caused by winter gritting and melting snow increases this effect. • Oil particles from oil-covered sport air filters can damage or dirt-clog the sensor. Other sources can also cause an intact air mass sensor to deliver a false signal: • defective exhaust-gas recirculation valves • defective fuel tank ventilation valves • porosity of induction tract • clogged air filters Clogged air mass sensor Oil spray on the heat-film sensor © MS Motor Service International GmbH – 05/05 EN International Service Motor © MS www.ms-motor-service.com MS Motor Service International GmbH · 74196 Neuenstadt · Germany KOLBENSCHMIDT PIERBURG GROUP SI 0079 For technical personnel only! Page 3/4 Air mass sensors and On-Board Diagnosis (“OBD”) Air mass sensors are monitored by On- P0100 Air mass- or air flow meter circuit malfunction Board Diagnosis (“OBD”). P0101 Air mass- or air flow meter range or performance problem These are some of the possible error P0102 Air mass- or air flow meter circuit too small codes: P0103 Air mass- or air flow meter circuit too large P0104 Air mass- or air flow meter circuit interruptions Wrong signals from a defective air mass P0171 Mixture control (Bench 1) system too lean sensor can result in delivery of false P0172 Mixture control (Bench 1) system too rich information to other components by the . engine's central electronic control unit. P0175 Mixture control (Bench 2) system too rich For this reason the error messages we show here can also be indicative of a P0401 AGR-System – flow-rate too low defective air mass sensor: P0402 AGR-System – flow-rate too high Sporadic errors The warning-lamp may also extinguish If the OBD displays a sporadic error in the Not every fault detected by the OBD will if an error does not reoccur within a air mass sensor, this does not necessa- result in a warning-lamp lighting up. certain time-frame. rily mean that the sensor is defective. If an error is detected during the driving Stored data can be accessed from the Dampness, oil spray, or protection often cycle that would influence the exhaust, vehicle’s diagnostic port (interface) using produce an incorrect measuring result, this is stored as an “undefined error” but a motor-tester or and this will be interpreted by the OBD the warning-lamp will not light up. a reading device (“Scan Tool”): as an error. Warning-lamps are not activated until the • confirmed (defined) errors in mode 3 The reason for these sporadic errors same error occurs during the next driving • sporadic errors in mode 7 and their origins can be found in the cycle or within a certain time interval. This • operational data (“Freeze Frames”), in previously-described cases. error is then referred to as “defined” (con- which an error occurred, in mode 2 Before installing a new air mass sensor, firmed) and stored as an OBD error. testing of the already installed air mass In addition to the error, further data rela- sensor should have priority. ting to operation and operating environ- ment are captured and stored as “Freeze Frames”. Further information about OBD and the reading of error codes can be found in our brochure “Service Tips & Infos – Emission control & OBD”. © MS Motor Service International GmbH – 05/05 EN International Service Motor © MS www.ms-motor-service.com MS Motor Service International GmbH · 74196 Neuenstadt · Germany KOLBENSCHMIDT PIERBURG GROUP SI 0079 For technical personnel only! Page 4/4 Testing Testing of the air mass sensor can be done If the output voltage is 1.00 +/- 0.02 Volt in various ways: when air current is zero, then the air mass sensor is almost always functioning Checking current potential correctly. • Pull the plug from the air mass sensor. If there is a risk of false results caused • Turn on the ignition. by air currents (wind), then both ends of • Measure current on the plug. the measuring tube should be suitably shielded. Connector assignment If the output voltage lies outside this tole- 1 TF (option) rance level, the air mass sensor should be 2 vehicle supply voltage UBat The following electrical potential should replaced. 3 ground be there (see illustration: Connector 4 reference voltage URef 5 UA (output signal) assignment): • between pin 2 and vehicle ground: 12 Volt (vehicle supply voltage). Testing reaction When making an error diagnosis, the • between pin 4 and pin 3: • When the 1-Volt level is reached, blow first step is to read the error code using a 5 Volt (sensor voltage). gently into the air mass sensor. motor-tester or scan tool. If these voltage levels are not reached, all The output voltage level should now rise, Please note that: wiring and plugs involved should be che- corresponding to the amount blown in. The OBD will recognise a defective part or cked for short-circuits, and the gaps and If this does not happen, then the sensor defective function, but will not necessarily contacts occasionally checked over. is defective and must be replaced. recognise the actual cause of malfunction or error. In most areas of application, electrical Measurement of working resistance faults in the wire harness or in the com- Testing can be done using a voltmeter or • Turn on the engine. ponent itself are prestored as errors. They oscilloscope. control (set-) point (with warm engine in have to be traced using suitable testing neutral gear): 1.2 - 1.6 Volt. methods. Testing the low end of the sensor curve The air mass sensor delivers voltage- requirements: measurement from about 1.0 to 4.4 Volt • AGR system is functioning properly. between idle and fullthrottle. If the ignition is switched on, • Air filter is clean. make sure not to disconnect or • Minimum RPM are reached based on AU • Increase the RPM to governed speed ! connect any of the plug connec- figures.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • MEASURING INSTRUMENTS Export General Catalogue
    MEASURING INSTRUMENTS Export General Catalogue sauermanngroup.com For over 40 years, the Sauermann Group has designed, manufac- tured and sold products and services dedicated to industrial and HVACR markets. The Group specifically focuses on the detection, measurement and control of indoor air quality (IAQ). LOW NOISE LEVEL Condensate management solution: Safe and efficient condensate manage- HIGH RELIABILITYHIGH ment in air quality systems can be challenging . The design of Sauermann pumps PERFORMANCE is carefully engineered . Patented technologies ensure that our pumps run quietly and with unmatched reliability . Measuring instruments: Sauermann is specialized in the measurement of many HIGH PRECISION indoor air parameters, designed to monitor buildings’ aeraulic systems (air condi- OUTSTANDING RELIABILIT tioning and heating), cold chain protection and thermal machines’ combustion NUMEROUS APPLICATIONS efficiency . Thanks to its extensive test laboratories and in-house research and development, Sauermann’s measuring instruments ensure reliability and accuracy for all HVAC operators . Content Airflow meter . 03 Data loggers Kistock . 18 Temperature probes . 28 HVAC portable instruments . 04 Wireless data loggers . 20 Liquid column manometers . 29 Thermometers . 08 Sensors / Transmitters . 22 Research and development . 29 Combustion gas analysers . 10 Data acquisition system . 26 Services . 30 Indoor air quality . 14 Calibration benches . 27 2 Airflow meter Airflow / Air velocity / Pressure Airflow meter DBM 620 Compatible with all air
    [Show full text]
  • Experimental Performance Evaluation of a Double Pass Solar Air Heater with and Without Thermal Storage
    Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 10(16) November 2016, Pages: 138-148 AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES ISSN:1991-8178 EISSN: 2309-8414 Journal home page: www.ajbasweb.com Experimental Performance Evaluation of a Double Pass Solar Air Heater With and Without Thermal Storage 1Dr. Jafar M. Hassan, 2Dr. Qussai J. Abdul-Ghafour, 3Akeel A. Mohammed 1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq. 3Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq. Address For Correspondence: Akeel A. Mohammed, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University Najaf, Iraq. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Although there is excess heat from the solar air heater available during the day to heat Received 11 September 2016 the building, but after sunset an auxiliary heat is required. The purpose of this work is Accepted 10 November 2016 to design and test double-pass solar air heater (SAH) without and with thermal energy Published 28 November 2016 storage (water) to store the excess solar energy and release it during the sunset. The experimental work was conducted to evaluate the effect of water storage during the day-time performance of a solar air heater at different air mass flow rates and different Keywords: cold winter days of January 2016. Experimental results show that, the maximum Thermal storage , Solar air heater average efficiencies obtained for the double pass with and without were 83% and 65% (SAH) , Double-pass ,water. respectively for a mass flow rate 0.04 kg/s. Also an increase in the air mass flow rate led to an increase in the collector efficiency and decrease in the temperature gain across the collector.
    [Show full text]
  • Wood-Burning Stoves Worldwide
    WOOD-BURNING STOVES WORLDWIDE STOVES WOOD-BURNING WOOD-BURNING STOVES WORLDWIDE: TECHNOLOGY, INNOVATION AND POLICY BY RICARDO LUÍS TELES DE CARVALHO DISSERTATION SUBMITTED 2016 RICARDO LUIS TELES DE CARVALHO DE TELES LUIS RICARDO WOOD-BURNING STOVES WORLDWIDE: TECHNOLOGY, INNOVATION AND POLICY by Ricardo Luís Teles de Carvalho Dissertation submitted, June 2016 Thesis submitted: June 28, 2016 PhD supervisor: Associate Prof. OLE MICHAEL JENSEN Aalborg University Assistant PhD supervisor: Associate Prof. LUÍS ANTÓNIO CRUZ TARELHO University af Aveiro PhD committee: Senior Researcher Henrik Nellemose Knudsen (chairman) Energy and Environment, Danish Building Research Institute Professor Filip Johnsson Department of Energy and Environment Chalmers University, Sweden Senior Advisor Jytte Boll Illerup Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark PhD Series: Faculty of Engineering and Science, Aalborg University ISSN (online): 2246-1248 ISBN (online): 978-87-7112-735-5 Published by: Aalborg University Press Skjernvej 4A, 2nd floor DK – 9220 Aalborg Ø Phone: +45 99407140 [email protected] forlag.aau.dk © Copyright by Ricardo Luís Teles de Carvalho Printed in Denmark by Rosendahls, 2016 CV Ricardo Carvalho has been working since 2009 as a consultant at the Danish Building Research Institute/Aalborg University on the topic of residential wood combustion for heating and cooking, developing knowledge on household interventions and innovative technologies to reduce climate and health risks in Europe and overseas. His PhD work entails the design of testing methods to assess and optimize the real-life performance of wood-log and pellet stoves in modern housing across Europe and South America, through his participation in research projects in different EU countries, Norway and Brazil.
    [Show full text]
  • Residential Combustion Venting Failure a Systems Approach Summary Report
    RESIDENTIAL COMBUSTION VENTING FAILURE A SYSTEMS APPROACH SUMMARY REPORT Prepared for: The Research Division Policy Development and Research Sector Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation Prepared by: Scanada Sheltair Consortium July 30, 1987 . ~: .~ :.•.. : Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, the Federal Government's housing agency, is responsible for administering the National Housing Act. This legislation is designed to aid in the improvement of housing and living conditions in Canada. As a result, the Corporation has interests in all aspects of housing and urban growth and development. Under Part V of this Act, the Government of Canada Provides funds to CMHC to conduct research into the social, economic and technical aspects of housing and related fields, and to undertake the publishing and distribution of the results of this research. CMHC therefore has statutory responsibility to make widely available, information which may be useful in the improvement of housing and living conditions. This publication is one of the many items of information published by CMHC with the assistance of federal funds. PAGE i RESIDENTIAL COMBUSTION VENTING FAILURE A SYSTEMS APPROACH SUMMARY REPORT Prepared for: The Research Division Policy Development and Research Sector Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation Prepared by: Scanada Sheltair Consortium Principal Consultants: John c. Haysom Michael C. Swinton Scanada Consultants Limited Sebastian Moffatt Sheltair Scientific Inc. Project Manager for CMHC: Don Fugler CMHC Scientific Authority: Jim H. White July 16, 1987 PAGE iii ': .~ :..:._·. RESIDENTIAL COMBUSTION VENTING FAILURE A SYSTEMS APPROACH SUMMARY REPORT ABSTRACT The project reported on here was designed to expand on previous studies of the problem of incomplete venting of the products of combustion from heating appliances in order to approach a more nearly comprehensive understanding of the extent and nature of the problem in the Canadian housing stock.
    [Show full text]
  • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART HINT: Parameters Listed in the Chart May Not Be Exactly the Same As Your Readings Due to the Type of Instrument Or Other Factors
    05–55 DIAGNOSTICS – SFI SYSTEM 05284–29 DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART HINT: Parameters listed in the chart may not be exactly the same as your readings due to the type of instrument or other factors. If a malfunction code is displayed during the DTC check in check mode, check the circuit for the codes listed in the table below. For details of each code, refer to ’’See Page’’ under the respective ’’DTC No.’’ in the this chart. DTC No. Detection Item Trouble Area MIL*1 Memory (See Page) S Open or short in oil control valve circuit P0010 Camshaft Position ”A” Actuator S Oil control valve f f (05–63) Circuit (Bank 1) S ECM S Valve timing Camshaft Position ”A” –Timing P0011 S Oil control valve Over–Advanced or System Per- f f (05–69) S Camshaft timing gear assembly formance (Bank 1) S ECM P0012 Camshaft Position ”A” –Timing S Same as DTC P0011 f f (05–69) Over– Retarded (Bank 1) Crankshaft Position – Camshaft S Mechanical system (Timing chain has jumped a tooth, chain P0016 Position Correlation (Bank 1 stretched) f f (05–77) Sensor A) S ECM S Open or short in heater circuit of A/F sensor Oxygen (A/F) Sensor Heater P0031 S A/F sensor heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 1 Sen- f f (05–79) S EFI M relay (Integration relay) sor 1) S ECM S Short in heater circuit of A/F sensor Oxygen (A/F) Sensor Heater P0032 S A/F sensor heater Control Circuit High (Bank 1 f f (05–79) S EFI M relay (Integration relay) Sensor 1) S ECM S Open or short in heater circuit of the heated oxygen sensor P0037 Oxygen Sensor Heater Control S Heated oxygen sensor heater f f
    [Show full text]
  • Flow Meter Test Rig Final Design Report
    JUNE 6, 2016 FLOW METER TEST RIG FINAL DESIGN REPORT CORY DAVIS EMILY GUSS MICHAEL SWARTZ SPONSORED BY DR. RUSSEL WESTPHAL California State University San Luis Obispo Statement of Disclaimer Since this project is a result of a class assignment, it has been graded and accepted as fulfillment of the course requirements. Acceptance does not imply technical accuracy or reliability. Any use of information in this report is done at the risk of the user. These risks may include catastrophic failure of the device or infringement of patent or copyright laws. California Polytechnic State University at San Luis Obispo and its staff cannot be held liable for any use or misuse of the project. 1 Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................ 4 Project Requirements ........................................................................................................... 4 Chapter 2: Background ............................................................................................................ 5 The Control Standard ....................................................................................................... 7 Flow Meter ...................................................................................................................... 7 Chapter 3: Design Development ............................................................................................... 8 Potential Layouts ................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Download
    LBNL 53606 ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE ERKELEY ATIONAL ABORATORY B N L Improving Air Handler Efficiency in Residential HVAC Applications I.S. Walker, M.D. Mingee and D.E. Brenner Environmental Energy Technologies Division August 2003 This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Program, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098. Disclaimer This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is an equal opportunity employer. 2 IMPROVING AIR HANDLER EFFICIENCY IN RESIDENTIAL HVAC APPLICATIONS I.S. Walker, M.D. Mingee and D.E. Brenner Energy Performance of Buildings Group Indoor Environment Department Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA.
    [Show full text]
  • For the Health Physics, Environmental & Nuclear Industries
    Partnering with VF, a.s. Flexible solutions For the Health Physics, Environmental & Nuclear Industries Catalog “Y” 2019-20 Table of Contents HI-Q Outdoor Hi-Volume Air Samplers Custom Engineering & Design TSP HI-Vol Air Sampler (Automatic Flow Control) .........3-4 Custom Designed Equipment, TSP HI-Vol Air Samplers (Manual Flow Control) ............5-6 Systems & Accessories .....................................................30-31 PM-10 Air Sampler (Automatic & Manual Flow Control) .. 7 Brushless Blower Retrofit Kits ............................................. 8 Stack & Fume Hood Sampling High Volume Air Sampler Options....................................... 9 Stack Sampling Probes, Nozzles, & Flanges ................32-33 Polyurethane Foam (PUF) Vapor/Particulate Samplers ..... 10 Filter Holders Portable Hi-Volume Air Samplers Paper Only Holders ............................................................ 34 Combination Cartridge & Paper Holders ........................... 35 Manual Speed Control Sampler w/ Programmable Timer ..11 Manual Speed Control Sampler w/ Brushless Motor ......... 12 Filter Media For Air Sampling Manual Speed Control Sampler w/ Brushed Motor ........... 13 Silver Impregnated Zeolite Cartridges ............................... 36 Low Cost, Fixed Speed Sampler with Options ................. 14 TEDA Impregnated Carbon Cartridges .............................. 37 Battery and Solar Filter Paper ....................................................................38-39 Powered Air Samplers Size Selective Particulate
    [Show full text]
  • Air Flow Meter
    // THE AIR FLOW METER The task of the MAF sensor to minimize the intake air return flow and prevent The Mass Air Flow Sensor (otherwise known as the deposition of particles on the sensor element. MAF Sensor, Air Mass Meter or Mass Air Flow Meter) is installed between the air filter and the throttle valve and measures the air delivered to the cylinders of the engine. In the case of petrol engines, the intake air mass is the most important value for calculating the required fuel mass. In the case of diesel engines, the measured value in the partial load range is used for controlling the ex- haust gas recirculation, while in the full load range for black smoke limitation. The engine con- trol unit (ECU) calculates the maximum injection quantity, which can be burnt without producing smoke. How the MAF sensor works The sensor element detects only a part of the entire air mass. In the example shown (Fig.1) there is a channel, the shape of which is intended Figure 2: The sensor element of MAF sensor. Source: NTK Today's MAF sensors consist of a heating resistor and two temperature sensors (Fig.2). The heating resistor is held by the electronics at a constant temperature of about 160 degrees. The incoming fresh air cools the temperature sensor T1 and is heated by the heating resistor. Therefore a higher temperature is measured at temperature sensor T2. The electronics calculate the air mass from the temperature difference and convert the calcu- lated value into an electrical signal for the ECU.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Honey Bees and Thermal Desorption/Gas Chromatography
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2001 Using honey bees and thermal desorption/gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry to assess the regional distribution of bioavailable volatile organic compounds in northeast Maryland David C. Jones The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Jones, David C., "Using honey bees and thermal desorption/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to assess the regional distribution of bioavailable volatile organic compounds in northeast Maryland" (2001). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 9148. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/9148 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The University of Montana Permission is granted by the author to reproduce this material in its entirety, provided that this material is used for scholarly purposes and is properly cited in published works and reports. **Please check "Yes” or ”No" and provide signature** Yes, I grant permission No, I do not grant permission Author’s Signature: ^ Date: _ r Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be undertaken only with the author’s explicit consent. 8/98 Using Honey Bees and Thermal Desorption / Gas Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry to Assess the Regional Distribution of Bioavailable Volatile Organic Compounds in Northeast Maryland by David C.
    [Show full text]
  • Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Soil
    Water Pollution X 107 Removal of volatile organic compounds from soil R. S. Amano University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, USA Abstract Pollution by petroleum products is a source of volatile organic compounds in soil. Therefore, laboratory column venting experiments were completed in order to investigate the removal of a pure compound (toluene) and a mixture of two (toluene and n-heptane) and five (toluene, n-heptane, ethylbenzene, m-xylene and p-xylene) compounds. The choice of the compounds, as well as their proportion in the mixture, was made on the basis of the real fuel composition. The objective of this study is a comparison between the experimental volatile organic compounds removal results and the computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) analysis. The proposed model for the contaminants transport describes the removal of organic compounds from soil, the contaminants being distributed among four phases: vapor, nonaqueous liquid phase, aqueous and “solid”; the local phase’s equilibrium and the ideal behavior of all four phases was found to be accurate enough to describe the interphase mass transfer. The process developed in the lab consists of a heater/boiler that pumps and circulates hot oil through a pipeline that is enclosed in a larger-diameter pipe. This extraction pipe is vertically installed within the contaminated soil up to a certain depth and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. The number of heat source pipes and extraction wells depends on the type of soil, the type of pollutants, and the moisture content of the soil and the size of the area to be cleaned.
    [Show full text]
  • Overpressure Chamber for Testing in High Air Purity Conditions
    5th International Scientific and Business Conference—Future Engineering 2019 ISBN: 978-1-60595-632-9 Overpressure Chamber for Testing in High Air Purity Conditions Stanisław Kozioł1, Krzysztof Matecki1, Tomasz Samborski1, Mariusz Siczek1, Jacek Wojutyński1 and Andrzej Zbrowski1 ABSTRACT Volatile organic compounds (VOC) released into the air contribute to adverse climate changes, discomfort, and harmful effects on the human body. Principal sources of VOC emissions are industrial processes and, in the case of rooms for human residence, building materials and indoor furnishings. VOC emissions are monitored and restricted in line with legislation prevailing in the European Union and most countries of the world. The chamber method is used to measure noxious substance emissions from building materials and indoor furnishings. The paper analyses the impact of regulatory requirements concerning emission test parameters and apparatus on technical solutions as part of air preparation assemblies and emission measurement chambers. The design of a 0.225m 3 steel chamber is presented, which was developed by our Institute based on our experience in the design and construction of similar apparatus. Results of verification testing are described. Keywords: volatile organic compounds, VOC emissions, emission measurement, chamber method, measurement chamber INTRODUCTION Volatile organic compounds (VOC) are a group of organic compounds that easily become vapour or gas, exhibit high vapour or gas pressures, a low solubility in water, and boiling temperatures in the range of 50–250°C [1]. ______________ 1Łukasiewicz Research Network—Institute for Sustainable Technologies, 6/10 K. Pułaski Street, Radom 26-600, Poland 349 Volatile organic compounds are side products in a number of industrial processes and sources of environmental pollution.
    [Show full text]