Lincoln Memorial WASHINGTON, D

Lincoln Memorial WASHINGTON, D. C. east and west sides is 256 feet 10 inches long and 187 feet long on the north and Lincoln Memoriae south sides. The walls of the Memorial are enclosed by a continuous colonnade 188 feet 4 inches long and 118 feet 6 inches WASHINGTON, D. C wide. The 38 columns in the colonnade, IIHTOV. COUNTRYMEN \l THIN SECOND AND THE OTHER WOULD ACCEPT WAR RAT HI It IF Wi SUA! L SUPPOSI IHAI \v including the two standing in the entrance, WTt LRING JO lAkl THE OATH Of THI PRES- THAN LET IT PERISH AND IHE WAR CAM I SLAVERY is ONI Ol I Host Ol I I NSFS are 44 feet high, 7 feet 5 inches in diameter Had Lincoln been an ordinary ruler— Congress for such a monument, or me­ IDENTIAI OFFICE HURT IN LESS OCCASION ONE EIGHTH OF THE WHO! 1 POPUI ATICSN WERJ WHICH IN THF PROG DISC I Ol GC even an ordinary hero—an ordinary morial, was made in December 1901. FOR AN EXTENDED ADDRESS rHAN THERE COLORED SLAVES NOT DISTRIBUTED GENERAL­ NEEDS COME Bi I WHICH HAVING CON­ at the base, and the shafts are composed of \\ AS AT I HI URN! THI N A STATEMENT LY OVER THE UNION BUI LOCALIZED IN I HI TINUED "THROUGH HIS APPOINT ID ITME HI 11 drums each. monument would have sufficed and doubt­ Numerous additional efforts were made in SOMEWHAT IN DETAII Ol A COURSE TO lit SOUTHERN PART OF IT-THESE STAVES CONSTI­ NOW WILLS IO REMOVI AND THAT HE less would have been built quickly. More si ED SEEMED I ITTINC AND PROPER TUTED A PECULIAR AND POWERFUI INTl REST- GIVES TO BOTH NORTH AND SOUTH THIS Greek Ionic columns 50 feet high and the following years, but it was not until TERRIBLE WAR AS THF WOE DUI IO HIOM BY NOV Al I Hi EXPIRATION OF FOUR YEARN ALI KNEW THAT THIS INTEREST WAS SOMEHOW 5 feet 6 inches in diameter at the base than half a century elapsed before a fitting February 1911, with the passage of a bill DURING WHICH PUBLIC DECLARATIONS THE CAUSE OE THE WAR • TO STRENGTHEN PI R- WHOM THE OFFENSE CAM! sHAl I Wi DIS­ HAVE BEEN CONSTANTLT (AILED FORTH PFTUATE AND EXTEND THIS INTERES1 WAS THI CERN THEREIN ANY DEPARTURI FROM divide the interior of the Memorial into memorial was dedicated to this simple, "To provide a Commission to secure THOSE DIVINE ATTRIBUTES WHICH THI ON EVERT POINT AND PHASE OF THE GREAT OBJECT FOR WHICH THF INSURGENTS WOULD three chambers. The walls of the interior heroic man whose name has penetrated to plans and designs for a Monument or ( ONTEST WHK H STILL ABSORBS IHE AT­ REND THE UNION EVEN BY WAR WHILE 1HI GOV­ BELIEVERS IN A LIVING GOD ALWAYS AS< RIBS TO HIM.FONDLY DO WF HOP! -FERVENTLT the ends of the earth and universally Memorial to the memory of Abraham TENTION AND ENGROSSES THE ENERGIES ERNMENT CLAIMED NO RICH I IO DO MORE are Indiana limestone, and the ceiling, 01 Fht NATION LITTLE THAT IS NEW THAN TO RESTRICT THE ILRRIIORiAL ENLARGE­ DO WF PRAY-THA1 I HIS MIGHTY SCOURGI called to mind with reverence and hope Lincoln," that these efforts were crowned COULD Bt PRESENTED • THE PROGRESS Ol MENT OF IT-NEITHER PARTY EXPECTED FOR Ol WAR MAY SPEEDILY PASS AWAY - Ul IF which is 60 feet above the finished floor, GOD WILLS THAT IT CONTINUI UNTI1 ALI wherever aspiration kindles the heart of with success. OUR ARMS UPON WHICH ALL ELSE CHIEFLY THE WAR THE MAGNITUDI OR lit! DURATION is designed with bronze girders orna­ DEPENDS IS AS WELi KNOWN TO THF PUBLIC WHICH IT HAS ALREADY ATTAINED • NEITHER THI WEALTH I'll ID BY IHI BONDSMAN'S youth, or tyranny oppresses mankind. The Commission created by the act ANTICIPATED IHAI IHE (AIM Ol IHI CONFLK I rWO HUNDRED AND III IY YIARs Ol UN­ mented with laurel and pine leaves. The AS TO MYSELF AND II IS I TRUST REASON­ REQUITED I OIL SHAH BI SUNK AND The Memorial, neither palace nor temple held its first meeting on March 4, 1911. ABLY SATISFACTORY AND ENCOURAGING TO MICH I CEASE WITH OR EVEN HI I OKI I Hi CON­ UNTII IVIRY DROP OF BLOOD DRAWN Willi panels between the girders are of Alabama FLICT ITSELI SHOUT I) CEASI - EACH LOOKED FOR ALLWITH HIGH HOPE FcSR THE FUTURE NO IHI LASH SHAH BF PAID BY ANOTHER marble saturated with melted beeswax to nor tomb but partaking of the nature of At its tenth meeting on February 3, 1912, PREDICTION IN REGARD TO IT IS VENTURED- AN FASI1R TRIUMPH AND A RESULT LESS EUN- DRAWN Will) IHI SWORD AS WAS SAID IIIRFI all, seems to gather within its marble walls, ON THE OCCASION CORRESPONDING IO DAMFMAI AND ASTOUNDING-BOTH IUAI) IMF mOUSAND YIARS ADO SO MIFF i! MUSI produce translucency. The interior floor the Commission decided to locate the SAME BIBU AND PRAY IO IHI SAMI GOD AND THIS FOUR YEAR5.AGO AIL THOUGHTS WERE BI SAIIV | HI JUDGM1 NTS ol Hit LORD and the wall base are of pink Tennessee the very essence of his upright character Memorial in Potomac Park on the axis ANXIOUSLY DIRECTED TO AN IMPENDING IACH INVOKES HIS AID AGAINST Mil OTHER- ARI IRUF AND RIGHTEOUS ALTOGETHER" steeped in tolerance and the belief that of the Capitol and the Washington Monu­ C IVII WAR- Ai.L DREADED IT-ALL SOUGHT IT MAY SFLM STRANGE IHAI ANY MEN SHOULD WITH MAI 1(1 TOWARD NONF WITH CHART! T marble. The central chamber, contain­ TO AVERT IT - WHI1F THI INAUGURA1 AD­ DARE TO ASK A JUG GOD'S ASSISTANt I IN FOR AH WITH FIRMNESS IN THE RIGHT As T ing the Lincoln Statue, is 60 feet wide and all people should be free—free to think, ment, as recommended by the Commission DRESS WAS BEING DELIVERED FROM THIS WRINGING ["HEIR BREAD FROM HI sW LAI Ol GOD GIVES US TO SEI THI RIGHT LET US free to express themselves, and free to of Fine Arts. After viewing designs pre­ PI Ac I DEVOTED Al !OU IHFR 1"0 SAVING OTHFR MENS (ACTS BUT LET US JUDGE NOi STRIVE ON TO FINISH THE WORK WF ARE IN 74 feet deep. The side chambers are THE UNION WITHOUT WAR INSURGENT TELA! WF BF NOT JUDGED THI PRAYERS Of BOTH TO BIND UP TFIF NATION'S WOI NDSTCM apply themselves to various enterprises. pared at its invitation by Henry Bacon AGENTS WERE IN THE CITY SEEKING TO DE­ COULD NOI BE AN.SWERH) -THAI Ol NEITHER (OR HIM WHO SHAH HAVE BORNI THE BAT-, each 63 feet wide and 38 feet deep. STROY IT W1THOU1 WAR-SEEKING TO Dis- HAS BFIN ANSWERED FULLY- IHI ALMIGHTY 111 AND FOR His WIDOW AND HIS ORPHAN^ The two tripods on the two buttresses and John Russell Pope, architects of New bOLVI THI UNION AND DIVIDf EFFECTS BY HAS His OWN PURPOSES-WOI UNTO IHI WORLD IO DO AH WHICH MAY ACHIEVE AND O-IKj Inception and History York, the Commission at its fourteenth JEGOTIATION • BOTH PARTIES DEPRECATED BECAUSI 01 OFFENSES FOR II MUSI NIIDS BF ISH A JUST AND LASTING PEA< L AMONOJ flanking the steps leading up to the AR BL 1 ONI CAT IDEM WOULD MAKI WAR THAT OFFENSES COME BUT WOI PO IHAI MAN OURSELVES AND WITH ALL NATIONS- entrance to the Memorial are each 11 feet meeting selected Henry Bacon to prepare LATHER IHAN Ifl THI NATION SURVIVE BY WHOM THE OFFENSE COMI IH-" The first concerted effort looking to the a final design, which Congress approved high. Each is cut from a single block of erection in Washington of a monument January 29, 1913. Ground was broken pink Tennessee marble. The carving in honor of Abraham Lincoln appears to for the foundations of the Memorial on upon them was done by Piccirrilli Brothers have been made about 2 years after his February 12, 1914, and the cornerstone Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address—North Wall of the Memorial. of New York. The decorative carving death by an act of Congress, approved was laid February 12, 1915. At sub­ on the stonework of the building was March 29, 1867, which incorporated the sequent meetings, Daniel Chester French executed by Ernest C. Bairstow of Lincoln Monument Association. An was selected as sculptor for the Lincoln The Architecture tuary containing three memorials to There are some architectural refine­ The Building Washington. appeal for subscriptions was sent out. statue, and Jules Guerin as architect to The exterior of the Memorial symbol­ Abraham Lincoln. The place of honor ments not common in modern buildings. The foundations of the Memorial rest Plans were submitted, but no practical design and execute the murals for the end izes the Union of the United States of is occupied by a colossal marble statue of The columns are not vertical, but are upon bedrock from 44 to 65 feet below The Statue results appear to have been accomplished walls and the ornamentation on the bronze America. Surrounding the walls of the the man himself, facing the Washington slightly tilted inward toward the building, the original grade. The superstructure from this legislation. ceiling beams. The Memorial was dedi­ Memorial Hall is a colonnade of the States Monument and the Capitol. On the north and the tilt of the corner columns is even of white Colorado-Yule marble is approxi­ The outstanding feature of the Memorial The next effort to secure authority from cated on Memorial Day, May 30, 1922. of the Union, the frieze above it bearing wall to the right of the central space where more exaggerated. The outside face above mately 80 feet high and rests on a base is the statue of Abraham Lincoln (cover) the names of the 36 States existing at the the statue is placed, and separated from it the columns is also inclined inward, but composed of three immense marble steps. designed and modeled by Daniel Chester time of Lincoln's death. On the attic by a row of columns, is inscribed Lincoln's less than the columns. The wall of the Masonry approaches from the direction French. It is placed in the central hall of the Memorial where, by virtue of its impos­ walls above- the colonnade are inscribed Second Inaugural Address. Similarly, on Memorial Hall inclines inward least of all. of the Washington Monument and the Washington Monument and Capitol from Published by United States Department of the Interior, J. A. KRUG, Secretary ing position in the place of honor, it pre­ the names of the 48 States existing today. the south wall the Gettysburg Speech is This was done to avoid the optical Capitol ascend a terrace retained by a south colonnade of Lincoln Memorial. National Park Service, Newton B. Drury, Director, NATIONAL CAPITAL PARKS These walls and columns enclose the sanc­ memorialized. illusion of bulging at the top. 14-foot granite wall. This wall on the dominates. The statue represents Lincoln York, where it was also worked on by Mr. French personally. Some 6 years were devoted to the creation and execution of this work. The statue rests upon an I OUR S< 4IRJ AND M VI N \ \ \ oblong pedestal of Tennessee marble 10 V.o OUR IAI HI lis BR< >UGH 1 F( >R I II ON miS CONTINEN1 A NEW NAI ION feet high, 16 feet wide, and 17 feet deep, 4 ON< I IVI D IN IIBI R n AND I >l Dl< A- which in turn rests upon a platform of n n ro i HI PROPOSITION IHAI AI I Tennessee marble. On the wall above the Ml N AID < REA1 I D EQ.UAI NOW Wl ART I NGAGI I) IN A GREA1 statue is the inscription: "In this temple as 4 l\ II WAR 1 1 STING Will IHI R I flAI in the hearts of the people for whom he NATION OR ANY NAIIoN SO CON- saved the Union the memory of Abraham 4 EIVI D AND SO DEDK AID) (AN LONG I NDURI • Wl ARI MEM ON A GREA1 Lincoln is enshrined forever." BAM 1111 II I D Ol THAI WAR Wl HAVE * OMI rO DEDICAl I A PORTION Ol IHAI I II I D ASA I INAL RES ITNG The Murals PLACE FOR THOSI WHO HERE GAVI I HI IP, LIVES THAT THAT NAIION The two murals by Jules Guerin typify MIGH1 IIVE • IT IS ALTOGETHER FIT- I ING AND PROPER THAT WE SHOULD allegorically the principles which were DO THIS • BUT IN A LARGER SENSE evident in the life of Lincoln. They are WF CAN NOT DEDICATE-WE CAN NOE affixed to the north and south walls above CONSECRATE-WE CAN NOT HALLOW- TH1S GROUND THE BRAVE MEN LIV­ the Memorial addresses and are each 60 ING AND DEAD WHO STRUGGLED HERE feet long and 12 feet high. The piece HAVE CONSECRATED IT EAR ABOVI OUR POOR POWER TO ADD OR DETRACT- of canvas upon which each was painted THE WORLD WILL LITTLE NOTE NOR weighed 600 pounds, and about 300 LONG REMEMBER WHAT WE SAY HERE BUT IT CAN NEVER FORGET WHAT THEY pounds of paint were used. The mural DID HERE • IT IS FOR US THE LIVING above the Gettysburg Address (south RATHER TO BE DEDICATED HERETO wall) centers around a group portraying THE UNFINISHED WORK WHICH THEY WHO FOUGHT HERE HAVE THUS FAR Emancipation. An Angel of Truth is SO NOB1Y ADVANCED- IT IS RATHER FOR freeing a slave. To the left and right are US TO BE HERE DEDICATED TO THE GREAT TASK REMAINING BEFORE US- groups typifying Justice and Immortality. THAT FROM THESE HONORED DEAD The Memorial through the flowering Above the Second Inaugural Address WE TAKE INCREASED DEVOTION TO cherry trees bordering the Tidal Basin. THAI CAUSE FOR WHICH EHEYGAVFTH1 (north wall) the mural has for its central EASE FULL MEASURE OF DEVOTION- theme Unity. An Angel of Truth is THAI WF HERE HIGHLY RESOLVE THAI joining the hands of the laurel-crowned THESE DEAD SHALL NOT HAVE DIED IN as the war President seated in a great VAIN-THAI THIS NATION UNDER GOD figures of North and South and is flanked SHALE HAVE A NEW BIRTH OF FREEDOM- armchair 12 k; feet high, over the back of by Fraternity (left group) and Charity. AM) THAT GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOIT E which a flag has been draped. The BY IHI PEOPIE FOR THE PEOIT 1 SHALL NO! PERISH FROM THE EARTH- gentleness, power, and determination of Administration and Visitor Service the man have been wonderfully expressed by the sculptor, not only in the face but The Lincoln Memorial is administered also in the hands which grip the arms of by the National Capital Parks for the the massive seat. Twenty-eight large National Park Service, Department of the blocks of Georgia white marble compose Interior. All inquiries should be ad­ the statue, which is 19 feet high from head dressed to Irving C. Root, Superintendent, to foot. The extreme width, including National Capital Parks, Washington 25, the drapery over the chair, is 19 feet. D. C. This national memorial is open Lincoln's Gettysburg Address—South Wall oj the Memorial. The carving of the statue was done by daily from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m., closing only Lincoln Memorial Piccirrilli Brothers in their shops at New on Christmas Day. U S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1947—O-731026 WASHINGTON, D. C.