"My Crown-Shrunk Overalls ] Were Washed 83 Times 7IJithoulSh,inlling "
The Crown Overall Mfg. Co., Cincinnati, Ohio "I am mailing you a pair of Crown Shrunk Overalls which, in addition La eighty-three trips to the laundry, were subjected to extremely hard wear at all times. Only the very best overalls could suffer such abuse. And they did not shrink in the least."
Like George Carlson, hundreds of o_verall wearers Chief Engineer walk past many stores to do all their huying at the Hotel Roosevelt, Cedar Rapids, Iowa Syndicate Clothing Company in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. It is known as lithe place to buy Crown Shrunk Overalls, a new pair free if they shrink." No Wonder Crown Guarantees A NEW PAIR FREE IF THEY SHRINK! EORGE CARLSON'S remarkable experience G shows how overall wearers everywhere have said goodbye to overalls that shrink. For a remarkable denim-and a liberal guarantee--has settled the "shrink" problem. If Crown-Shrunk Overalls shrink, you get a new pair free! Up to a few years ago, no one dreamed it possible to make overalls that would stay the same size despite repeated washings. But The Crown Overall Mfg. Co., largest in the world, believed it could be done. So they bought two denim mills-an entire town, in fact-and finally succeeded in creating Crown Shrunk Denim, a quadruple dyed cloth, extra heavy and closely woven. It not only resists shrinking but wears like iron! The Hotel Roosevelt, where In addition to this shrink-resisting feature, Crown Mr. George Carlson holds Shrunk Overalls are the most comfortable, durable, the responsible position of economical and best appearing overal1s ever produced. Chief Engineer, is one of the They have more pockets and more special features than leading hotels in Iowa. any other overall. Without question, Crown-Shrunk Overal1s are America's outstanding work garment. Don't expect to see Crown-Shrunk Denim in any other brand. It is an exclusive fabric of Crown's own mills and available only in Crown-Shrunk Overalls. Ask your dealer for Crown Shrunk Overalls-compare DEALERS them with any other overal1s. Crown-Shrunk Denim and Look for the Crown trade the Crown guarantee are the mark and guarantee-A NEW only distinctive and exclu PAIR FREE IF THEY sive features in overalls. SHRINK. Write today for full details. The CROWN OVERALL MFG. CO. CINCINNATI, OHIO ' Send for your copy of the Crown Railroad Time Book, F R E E • used and praised by railroad men everywhere. PACEMAKERS of PROSPERITY
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PageOne
------CONTENTS
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Scene in Point Defiance Park, Tacoma Front Cover The City of Tacoma, Washington Paul G. Wilson... 3 Fire Prevention L. J. Benson 6 Accident Prevention 7 Safety Records 8 Employe Solicitation 10 Appointments 10 Joseph W. Stapleton-Obituary 10 1 Milwaukee Employees Pension Association , 10 Agricultural Development Section 10 Why Railroad Employment Has Declined..•..•••.•. •Samuel O. Dunn.• 11 Their Golden Wedding '" 11 Try. It ...... •...... • E. M. 12 Raising Peonies for Pleasure 13 Prosperity in Five Years on Five Acres 13 Help Wanted 14 No Hurry Every Man to His Trade George E. McKay. 15 The Milwaukee Road Goldie Bross 15 Western Dakota Conditions " 15 pipe's going good! The Agricultural and Colonization Department..••• R. W. Reynolds 16 Current News of the Railroad 19 1:: DGEWORTH fits right in The Milwaukee Railroad Women's Club 21 At Home · 23 g. E with those little waits while Special Commendation 25 IT the boys get the next switch On the Steel Trail : 27 F ready. Engineer J; Delaney ofthe New York Central's 60th Street yard knows it does. Edgeworth keeps its place in the pockets and O' It pipes ofmenwho know whatthey MILWAUKEE TYPE ci .a: want. Slow-burning, cool and '1\ benevolent, with a fla BLOW-OFF -COCK a; vor all its own, Edge with its worth stays friendly. Joint-Ring-Strainer With first consideration for If YOU Mn', know Edge worth, mail the coupon fOT ~:iiiiilt safety to those responsible for a geuerous free packet kJ the handling of locomotives try. Let Edgeworth show you how ~ood it is-you be and with further consideration the judge. Address LaTUS & for efficiency in operation and Bro. Co., Richmond, Va. economy in cost, the Milwaukee Road has standardized on the EDGEWORTH locomotive blow-offcock shown. SlUOKING TOBACCO The attention of terminal forces is called to the absolute necessity of mounting this blow-off cock on its joint-ring LARVS & BRO. CO•• 100 S. 22d St., strainer (shown.) Richmond, Va. Attention of engine men is called to the fact that in case of leakage, the valve may be ground in under boiler 'pressure and without any delay to the service by merely putting a wrench on the square of the valve stern extension and giving valve stern a quarter to a full turn. The valve is held solidly My name closed by boiler pressure and cannot be opened inadvertantly.
My street addreea
And tho town and state NEW YORK CHICAGO ST. LOUIS
Now let the Edgeworth come I The Bird-Archer Company, Limited, Montreal
Page Two THE MILWAUKEE MAGAZINE Volume XVIII September, 1930 No.6 ~ ...:....-_------The City of Tacoma~ Washin.g1ton Paul G. Wilson, D. F. & P. A.
TACOMA, Pierce County, Washi~gton, very favorably with the best. T~er.e are Our city has 145 churches of almost is a city of 107,000 people, 'Ylth a thirty-eight elementary schools, SIX mter every known denomination. Many of the suburban district having a populatIon of mediate and two high schools with an larger congregations have as their places 30,000. The city, founded 62 years a~o, enrollment of over 20,000 students. A of worship some of the city's finest and is located on Commencement Bay, which comparison of the number of students most beautiful buildings, which have been is a deep water harbor of Puget Sound, actually enrolled with the number of built in the last five years. that wonderful body of salt water which children of school age (four to twenty Nature has been wonderfully kind to reaches inland from the Pacific Ocean one) shows an exceedin~ly. fa~orable us who live in Tacoma and the rest of for over two hundred miles and provides condition exists here. ThiS cIty IS also the Puget Sound country. Our climate commerce with the finest harbors in the the home of the College of Puget Sound, is mild and even-tempered. Severe world. a non-sectarian college of liberal arts, storms are almost unknown and thunder established originally by the Methodist The harbor it has provided for Tacoma and lightning are rare indeed. In spite Church, with an enrollment of 650 stu of the general idea that it rains all is one of only two in the United States dents; the Annie Wright Seminary, an which is rated by the Government as winter here, one would probably be safe ·exclusive day and boarding school for in telling a friend who made such a com capable of -accommodating ships of any girls, and the Pacific Lutheran College, draft and this has naturally turned the ment that it rained less here than in his with a Normal Department, are also lo own home town, unless that home town thoughts of all on development of ocean cated here. Tacoma has fine parochial, traffic. This feature will be referred was in one of the southwest states. This elementary and high schools and a col~ege to later. is because Weather Bureau records show (Bellarmine) maintained by varIOUS an average annual rainfall for Tacoma Tacoma has a Commission form of Catholic Orders. of forty inches. These records go back government with a Mayor and four Com The metropolitan park system includes to 1885. The year of 1929 brought us missioners heading the departments of only twenty-seven inches which is less Finance, Light and Water, Public \yorks seventeen parks and fifteen playgrounds, exclusive of the school playgrounds. than that of many larger eastern and and Safety. Our prese~t Mayor IS t~e middle western localities. head of an important mdustry and IS Point Defiance Park, containing 638 committed to a program of development acres, with eight miles of waterfront and Our Climate and governmental efficiency. beaches, is the largest of these. This At the risk of being called a c1imateer, park has been used a, a model by park The limits of the city embrace an area I am going to quote a few more statis authorities of other cities and is one of tics on this subject and then tell you of fifty-four square miles four and one the finest in our country. Formal gar half of which are water. Within the what it means. The average maximum dens with over 200 flower beds as well temperature ranges from seventy-two de city limits are 175 miles of paved streets as several hundred acres of virgin forest grees in July and August to forty-~,:e and boulevards and 475 miles of concrete are a part of this park. The salmon walks. Tacoma's streets and boulevards degrees in January. The average ~Im fishing is good all year at Point Defiance mum temperature ranges from thlrty are well lighted with ornamental lights, and the park board maintains a pavilion there being over 7,500 of these, and a three degrees in January and February and boat house where over 500 boats to fifty-five degrees in August. The large part of the residential district is so and 200 canoes are for hire. But if any lighted. averaO"e summer temperature is sixty de one tried to land a thirty-pound salmon grees band the average wint~r temperature Our public school system .compares in a canoe it would be just too bad. is forty-one degrees. This means that labor is capable of maximum perform ance all year. No devitalizing heat and no benumbing cold. It also means smaller investments ,in factory buildings. Some of our most efficient saw mills are open on one or more sides.. It also con tributes to circumstances whIch make our child-death-rate probably the lowest of any large city in the world. It also keeps lawns green the year 'round which gives the householder plenty of exercise with the old lawnmower. Golf courses are open the year 'round. Snow storms of any duration are indeed scarce. This climate has helped to make this district probably the most important pro ducer of poultry products in the country. Thousands of cases of eggs are shipped from Tacoma and vicinity to eastern markets and to foreign countries. The products are marketed by several large distributors, among which is The Wash inO"ton Co-operative Egg and Poultry P~oducers Association. This organiza tion is one of the most successful co operatives in the country and is made up of over 15,000 members. The Associa tion has a large plant on MILWAUKEE tracks in Tacoma. As many of 42,000 cockerels are fed for the market there at Airplane View of BusIness DIstrict and Harbor, Tacoma one time. This plant also produces feed Page Three (1) Portion of Point Defiance Park. (2) Lily Poml in Point Defiance. (3) Hool«r Electro-Chemical Pln.nt and Peterman Mfg. Co. Door Factory. (4) So-me Mo'lern Otllce Buildings. (5) Hote! 'Vinthrop, Built Recently at a Cost of $3,000,000.00 by the Citizens of Tacoma. (6) Annie \Vright Semina.ry, Episcopa.lian. Selloo] for G irIs at Tncolna. The Dista.nt Snow-capped Olympics, The City's Harbor, and the 600-ft. Stack of the Tacoma Smelter Are Seen in the Background. (7) Scene in i"IcKlll!ey Park. (8) College of Puget Sound. (9) Showing POl·tion of Industrial Section with St. Paul and Tacoma Lumber Co. Hemloc!' ~lilI, Union Bag and Paper Co. Plant and some Terminals of The i"Iilwaul Page FOllY {or the members' flocks and ships the water and power here makes this seem one-half mills per kilowatt hour in the eggs produced by them. to be a very favorable location for this lower price brackets. industry. Tacoma has two large pulp Lumber and Lumber Products plants and a paper mill. The pulp plants Other Industries Lumber is king in Tacoma a.nd one are run to a considerable extent on what Tacoma is a large flour milling center might say that Tacoma IS klpg m lum would otherwise be a waste product. Vve also and our mills have a capacity which ber Out of a total productlOn for the are in this district, looking forward to compare favorably with th~t of any J?ill cou"ntry as a whole of 35,000,000,000 a d~velopment in this industry with much inC' city west of the Mlssoun River, board feet per annum twen~y-five p~r confidence. \V"heat from the immense wheat fields of cent is produced with.in 100 miles of thl eastern Washington, Idaho and Montana city Nowhere else m our country and Large Producer of Electrical Power is transformed here to flour, largely for probably nowhere else in the world .are The City of Tacoma, as all the world the export trade. the forests as productive and as accessible knows, is, through its efficient Light and Rapid strides have been made here re to rail and water. The fir, beJ?lock, ~edar Water Department, a very large producer cently in the manufacture of furniture. and spruce grow here to their maximum of electrical power. It is said that rates Our factories produce furniture of every size and in stands that are almost un for electrical energy for light and power kind and quality and one of the:n is thE believable. Sixty million feet .on a sec are extremely low here. Cheap power largest on the Pacific Coast. tak~s ~ur tion is not at all unusual and It a was a large factor in the selection of A large packing plant is located here city as a location for branch factones big 'mill to cut that much lumber m a and we have as well, ste~l pla.nts, match year. .' lb' by the Hooker Electro Chemical Com factories and produce confectionery and Tacoma has thirty major urn er 111 pany and the Pennsylvania Salt C:0mpany. candies, refined cocoanut oil products, ex dustries and many sma!ler phnts and The plant of the latter company IS known a~out plosives, boilers, machinery, canned allied industries, employmg ,8,000 as the Tacoma Electro Chemical Com goods, car wheels, and other important men. Lumber produced here IS shIpped pany. These factories transform salt by products. Tacoma is also port of entry to every state in the Union and to every electricity into chlorine, both gas and for large shipments of molasses from country on the globe. Our door fac liquid and caustic,. flake an? liql;lid. Hawaii. tories send their pro?U(;t to all ~he rest Chlorine as a bleachmg agent IS an Im of the world and tl1lS mdustry IS. prob portant commodity to the pulp producers. The foregoing paragraphs give the im pression that Tacoma is industrially im ably developed to a greater extent .111 Ta Tacoma's electricity is largely produced portant and that has been the, intention. coma than in any other city m- the in hydraulic plants using .water from world. Our factories have a capaclty.of To be called an inc.ustrial city the Gov glacial streams. One plant IS located at ernment, through the Department of Com about 4,000,000 doors per year.. Consid La Grande, vVashington, using the water erable progress has been made m mtro merce, says that ten per cent or more from the Nisqually River which flows of the population must be gainfully em ducing Philippine hard woods to the door from the famous Nisqually Glacier in and interior finish trade through Tacoma ployed in manufacturing. Our Chamber Rainier National Park. Another develop of Commerce replies by saying that manufacturers. . ment is at Potlatch, Washington, on Box shook and package factOrIes here fifteen per cent of our population is so Hood's Canal, where Lake Cushman has employed. Their 1929 figures show that making both straight and rotary cut bo.x been transformed into an immense reser shooks find a ready marke! for their the value of Tacoma's manufactured voir and the waters of the Skokomish products for that year was $159,926,179. product locall.y among the frUIt and vege River are impounded for future use. One table shippers and in other near-by states. unit of this plant has been in operation Agricultural Development Large shipments are made also .~o fo,r for some time and a second unit is now The broad fertile valleys near Tacoma eign countries, Alaska and Hawall. Fir, being built. The new unit will use the spruce, hemlock, larch and cottonwopd have been highly developed as agricul water from the reservoir a second time tural land, and this development is going logs are trailsformed into ~books WIth and thus double the amount of energy astonishing rapidity by the big saws and forward always. Puyallup, less than ten extracted from it before it is allowed miles from Tacoma, is one of the berry lathes. to reach sea level. The two Lake Cush producing centers of the world. The It is a fifty-fifty chance that ~he han man u~its will have a capacity of 110,000 dle on the broom you have m your culture of narcissus bulbs has also grown horsepower and the combined capacity to be an important factor there and the home was made in Tacoma. One factory of the Municipal System is 300,000 horse here produces about 15,000,000 <;Jf these fields of blooms in the spring present a power. scene of exquisite color and beauty. a year and the product of t~IS pl,!-nt The Puget Sound Power and Light is shipped to every country m .whlch Company also have large hydraulic plants This industrial and agricultural com brooms are used, either for sweepmg or near Tacoma and have an efficient dis munity is served by four trans-continental for getting proper explanatlOns out of tri-bution system in the city, although the rail lines. Tacoma is the headquarters of hubby.. municipal plant has a monopoly on the THE MILWAUKEE'S Coast Division Tacoma is also the home of large domestic distribution. and the location of important car and cross-arm factories. shingle mills, tele This abundance of cheap power is of locomotive shops and ocean terminals. phone pole and piling yards a!1d plants extreme economic importance to the dis The main line of the Coast Division ter for the manufacture of interior fi11lsh trict and should materially assist in minates at Tacoma and subdivisions ex lumber porch columns, gutters and bringing about a large industrial develop tend south and west to Morton and Ash staves.' Spruce which has no odor or ment. Some large users ,of power on a ford and to Gray's Harbor and to Will resin is highly satisfactory for use 111 contract basis are paying only one and apa Harbor. The Tacoma eastern sub- butter and lard tubs and -the Northwest ern Woodenware Company turns out staves and heads here for this trade in large quantities. The Smelting Industry The Tacoma Smelter, owned by the American Smelting and Refining Com pany handles copper and other ores from Alaska and South America and produces annually 200,000,000 pounds of ~efined copper. This smelter and refinery IS very favorably located for trade with the Orient. . The increasing difficulty in seCUrIng raw material on the part of the pulp and paper in'dustry in the eastern sections of our country and the earnest efforts on the part 0 four luml)er men to conserve timber and avoid waste, have been one of the causes of some considerable de velopment in pulp and paper production in this region. The abundance of wood, Air View of l\lilwflultee Uoad Terminals, TacoJna Paye Five division, also known as the National Park immediately investigated. When ap Branch, extends sixty-eight miles to proaching the car, suddenly several boys, Morton with a branch five and one-half about 14 years of age, jumped out of the miles long to Ashford from Park Junc car and ran. Inspection of the car tion. Ashford is fifty-five miles from showed the boys had built a fire on the Tacoma and is the only rail gateway tc floor. The fire was promptly extin Rainier National Park. The Gray's Har ,wished by the crew and the yardmaster, bor subdivision extends 105 miles to Ab to whom the incident was reported, im erdeen and Hoquiam and the Willapa mediately notified the Company Police Harbor branch sixty-six miles from Department which did its part. The work of these employes was commend able and they showed that they fully understood the meaning of "Fire Pre vention.'" The other case has reference to the Federal Building following incident: At a certain station ern \levelopments have made Tacoma a an employe, passing a new automobile port· of world-wide importance. Foreign, box car, noticed smoke coming out of it. coastwise and inter-coastal cargo passed He looked into the car and saw three over terminals of this port in 1929 to hoboes had built a fire on the floor. the extent of 6,405,759 tons and was Fearing physical violence on the part of valued at $186,642,483.00 This cargo the hoboes, he did not insist that the men moved in deep sea vessels which made extinguish the fire and left the car. When 2,025 calls in the harbor. finally the hoboes had left it was dis Portion of Industrial District People of Tacoma seem to give some covered that they had burned a good consideration to the important business sized hole in the new floor of the car. Maytown to Raymond and South Bend. Fortunately the loss in this case was Raymond is 114 miles from Tacoma. of enjoying life. A great pride is taki'n in the homes and gardens and visitors small, but it could have been a big loss Tacoma's Harbor are always impressed with the charm if the fire had grown out of control of Important consideration has been given and beauty of the residential districts of these hoboes. to the natural advantages of Tacoma's this city In common with other north The employe in question, to say the harbor. The industries and the public west cities Tacoma does not have exten least, did not use good judgment and are served by adequate terminals and a sive slum districts. Tenements are un showed helolessness. Under these cir public corporation known as The Port known and the home, fine or humble, gei3 cumstances he should hilVe seen to it that of Tacoma has built and maintains an a great deal of careful attention. Flower the hoboes extinguished the fire, either efficient system of facilities consisting of gardens abound and one cannot help but by calling the company police, sheriff, or storage and transit warehouses and feel the influence that this has on the local police, or if this took too long a docks, a grain elevator of 500,OOO-bushel life of our city time, he, being a section foreman, should capacity and a cold storage warehouse A vast store of scenic beauty, marine, have called his crew to extinguish the of one million cubic feet capacity. This mountain, forest and pastoral, is here for fire. This employe had a wonderful op is our' only cold storage plant with deep the visitor and resident alike, and the portunity to prevent probably a disastrous water frontage, although we have two recreational opportunities' are unlimited. fire by just making a phone call, but he large cold storages' located inland. All Puget Sound has over 2,000 miles of missed his chance. the larger lumber plants and flour mills shoreline. Its waters and those of tribu and the smelter provide berthing and tary streams abound with fish. The hiker Lately we have had quite a few fires, cargo handling facilities for ocean v~s and the mountain climber here find the caused by hoboes, and we must expect sels. "promised land," Lakes and mountains more fires of this kind as soon as fall ap The importance of this district imbs and salt water beaches draw multitudes proaches and the nights become cold. trially and the fine harbor with its 1110d and they seem to be very happy. Therefore, all employes, particularly train and sectionmen, should be on the alert and whenever they notice hoboes building fires in cars or near stock yards, Fire Prevention on the right-of-way, should immediately L. J. Benson notify, if possible, company police or local police, so immediate action can be EVERY year our company is called on fields located near the right-of-way, and taken. to spend thousands of dollars for so on. . damages caused by fire. This expendi There can be no doubt that fires from Remember one phone call in time may ture covers losses of all kinds from crops these mentioned hazards easily could be prevent a big fire loss, and do not forget and timberland to switch tender shanties, prevented if employes lived up to the to "Prevent Fires, They Are Costly." shop buildings and depots. slogan, "Prevent Fires, They Are Beware In quite a few cases, investigation con Costly." Not alone costly to the company Ever ducted revealed that carelessness of our but also to the employes, because heavy own employes was the immediate cause losses will reduce the ,earning power of Carelessness of the fires. Considering this fact, there the company and you, as an employe, will A nd is only one solution and that is, "Prevent have in some way and manner to bear Rubbish Fires." Let this be the slogan for all your share of the losses. Encourage "Milwaukee Road" employes, let us all Besides fire losses caused by careless Fire, put a shoulder to the wheel and work ness of our own employes, we also have Unfortunately hard by word and deed to place the "Mil to face the losses caused by carelessness Linked waukee Road" at the top of the railroads of outsiders, some even with incendiary showing the least losses by fire. intent. Here again the help and co-op With Manifold are the causes of fires and eration of faithful employes can do a Indefensible manifold are the ways to prevent them. great deal to reduce these losses. Tragic Carelessness is the greatest contributor Happenings to fire losses. Only think and remember Following are two cases, one illustrat how many fires were caused by over ing what intelligent co-operation of em Frequent heated stoves; by tossing away burning ployes can accomplish, and the other Inspections cigarettes, cigars and matches; by having showing what will happen if an employe Regarded oily rags and paper lying around and discovering a fire, does not know what Essential accumulating; by careless smoking, while to do and remains inactive. handling gasoline or oil; by piling in .fI. switching crew, working in the BEYOND UNDERSTANDING flammable goods near to a heater in a Milwaukee Terminal, noticed while pass "I dunne> why it is," grumbles Grandpa Way refrigerator car; by burning down weeds ing a box car, standing on a side track back, °but you never see the moths get into and old ties without properly watching smoke coming out of the car. The cre~ the mortgage and eat it up." Page Six ACCIDENT~PREVENTION Study the Safety Rules order to refresh your memory as to the dents were caused by too much hurry I THIS is a picture requirements of the rules in the beginning Did not take time to think. Hurry! of Dis t ric t of the book. In carrying out this plan, Hurry! seems to be in the blood of the Safety Inspector J. you will ultimately become so familiar railroad workers in every move they L. Bauer, whose ter with just what to do and when to do it make. We are al1 alike in this, and if ritory incl udes the that 'the likelihood of your being injured there is ever a time when you slip and R. & S. W., Madi will be remote. There is a wealth of overlook something, it will be when you son and Superior, knowledge in the rule books, and you are in a hurry and cannot take the time Divisions with head should bear in mind that they were pub to think before you move, and one thing quarters at Mil lished for your benefit. Study them that goes with too much speed is poor waukee, Wiscon make use of them. control, nine times out of ten. This will S,in. "I want to take this means of thank apply to al1 classes of action. Take for ing the employes in my territory for the example a baseball pitcher with lots of Mr. Bauer en splendid co-operation which I have re speed, and you wil1 find "poor control" tered the service of ceived in the past and I hope that they tacked onto his performance the greater The Milwaukee wil1 carry out my suggestion about Road on April part of the time. What do the investiga 1; memorizing a rule a day. Bear in mind tions that are held relative to the ter 1901, as a telegraph that I want to do everything I can to J. L. Dauer operator. In Sep rible toll of life in railroad crossing ac help you do your work in a safe manner, tember, 1905, he was appointed Assistant cidents, due to automobiles being struck and in case you have any suggestions for by trains or running into the sides of Chief Operator at the "G" office at Chi improvement of methods used or condi cago, and later was appointed train dis trains bring out? Too much hurry I Too tions about the property, I would like to much speed I Human tragedies generally patcher on the Des Moines, S, C. & D. hear from you. Your co-operation in this and R. & S. W. Divisions until January are attributed to incompetence, lack of worthy endeavor is needed and earnestly foresight and defident mental alertness. I, 1921, when he was appointed safety sol ici ted." inspector in the Northern District. In This may be true in many cases, but in September, 1921, he returned as train dis speaking general1y, this would seem to patcher to the R. & S. W. Division, which What's Your Hurry? be an unfair indictment to human intel position he held until his reappointment V. K. Clark, Conductor, ligence. as safety inspector on January 1, 1929. Dubuque Division In some states they have signs erected at railroad crossings, with death pointing In fulfilling the duties of the various IN the January issue of The Milwaukee positions which Mr. Bauer has held, he to the sign, which reads, "\II/hat's your Magazine, there was a letter from hurry?" Too much speed caused that has had an opportunity to note the value Vice-President Gillick in which he calls of the Safety First movement from the sign to be put up. employe's standpoint. He has always attention to the good record made by In the Train and Engine Department, been a booster for accident prevention, The Milwaukee Road in the 1929 Safety we are cautioned to observe the rules, as those previously affiliated with him First move over the record for 1928. Mr. and we should observe everyone of will agree. In going over his territory, Gillick makes special mention in this them. When there is a violation you he has found many instances where un letter of seven particular points on the will find, if you trace it down, that it safe practices have been employed, and system that made exc\;ptionally good was due to someone in a hurry who immediately arranged with the super records, and did everything except hurt could not take the time to make some visory officers to apply the necessary cor people. particular move or action just the way rection with the result that his territory That letter was the first real pat on it should be made. is making rapid strides in the prevention the back that the employe3 have ever had of personal injuries. One of the things in the Safety First campaign, and com Read over the 1. C. C. reports of ac which Mr. Bauer is most particular about ing from Mr. Gillick will bring about cidents throughout the country and note is the study of the safety rules, as he so better results than all the safety first how many cases develop in the investi states in the following message directed instructions that have been issued, and, gation where men testify that they were particularly to the employes within his for this reason, they know their efforts in too much of a hurry to' do the very territory: are watched and appreciated by officials thing that would have prevented the ac beyond the local official. cident. One conductor on an eastern "I am confident that the employes of road testified that he was in too much the R. & S. W., Madison and Superior The Milwaukee employes have no par of a hurry to get his work done and Divisions have sufficient regard for their ticular apologies to offer for being care get out, to go back to the register at a personal safety and for the welfare of less or reckless men at railroad work, terminal and check in the arrival of a their dependents to diligently apply them as a check-up of the old men on the first-class train. He saw them standing selves in the study of the safety rules system, who have been at the game from in the yards and figured that was good and instructions. No one man can learn 20 to 40 years, and are still all together, enough, but it turned out that this first all of the rules and do the thinking for is proof. But the Safety First move class train had been carrying signals for al1 the rest of the employes. It is neces and the instructions we have received a following section, and when they ar sary that each employe be familiar with in that line have taught the rank and rived at the terminal the signals had all of the rules pertaining to his work, file to think. Voltaire said "NQthing en been taken down before the conductor of regardless of the department in which franchises like education. When once a the way freight saw them. He departed, he may be employed. Do not ignore the nation begins to think, nothing can stop and met the second section two and a half rules and expect someone else to study it." And that condition is gaining ground miles out of the terminal-result, three them and do your thinking for you; it with the employes of The Milwaukee men killed and six employes injured. is necessary that you do your own think Road, fast, in Safety First work. ing, and by having a thorough knowledge This accident took place October 16, of the safety rules, you will know what There is one point relative to the 1929, at Nahor, N. H., Boston and Maine to do when facing danger 'so as to avoid Safety First move and safe work, that I Railroad. Another case where an en ;Jersonal injury. think should be given more attention by gineer testified that he was in too much aU of us than it real1y is, and that is, of a hurry and anxious to get an im "I would like to see each employe in "What's Your Hurry?" You can trace portant train over the road; therefore :ny territory make a practice of learning the primary cause of more accidents of overlooked a matter of going on short a rule a day and after learning the last all kinds in all classes of work, and you time against a passenger train. :rhe :~Ie in the book, start all over again in wil1 find that 80 per cent of the acci conductor was on the engine with him, Page Seven they took a chance; did not make it; reached, a red light would show; but exact position we are 111 when we are result-they came together a mile and when any greater speed than this was showing too much speed at our work, one~half out of the station-one man reached, there was a phonograph 10 and this goes for all classes of men, in . killed and a very bad wreck. Another ca ted under the seat that would start any and all departments. case of too much hurry. to play "Nearer My God to Thee." And You will find this in all classes of this comes about as near describing the Think it over. work. It is not confined to anyone class, and it is a hard practice to get away from, but we can overcome it if we will SAFETY RECORDS do as we are told in the Safety First DIVISION MASTER MECHANIC W. N. FOSTER has not had a reportable or bulletins-"Stop and Think." lost time injury since January 31, 1930, working an average force of 392 men. This is the age of speed, we all like to The following are the principal points under his jurisdiction showing the number see our trains on time, also pep and snap of men employed and the dates since last reportable injury: to the work, and for the railroad com Station Foreman No of Employes Date pany speed is fine if it can be produced Perry A. J. Krossin I77 Jan. 21, 1930 Atkins W. E. Cooper. 97 Sept. 1928 and carried through successfully. But Council Bluffs A. C. Law 67 Feb. 1929 if it is carried to a point where you lose control of the situation and some ~e::illaRa.pid~. : : : : : : : : : : : : '. : : : :~: ~'. ~a~l:;~~: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :: f~::::::::::::::~~~~ one is injured, then you are not living Roadmaster A. C. Tubaugh, working a track force averaging 100 men on the up to the Safety First rules. West Kansas City Division, has not had a reportable injury since November 27, No matter how important some par 1929, when a section man had a cinder enter his eye. ticular move may seem to you, if it has While there is no question but what some mighty fine Safety records are being to be made in a manner wherein there established every day, it appears that a great many of the officers and supervisors may be dange~ to life or property, right do not want to acquaint others with what they are accomplishing. In case you know there we are making an error in judg of some good safety records, send them in to Mr. M. J. Flanigan, Manager, Safety ment, and if we make moves of this Department, Chicago. kind and do not get by with them, it is The contest records for the five-month period ended May 31, 1930.. showing the not a mistake, it is a blunder. following officers on the top of the list in their various groups: Name Title Division Nature sometimes moulds a man who Mott Sawyer . .. Superintendent ...... •...... Olympic is not gifted. with the Hurry-up Spirit, John Turney :. 'Master Mechanic Twin City Terminals at his work, but such a man is marked F. D. Campbell Asst. Supt. Car Dept Lines West (Classed with D. M. C. B.) by his own fellow workers and the usual A. F. Manley ...... Trainmaster ...... Trans·Missouri way of passing out their opinion of such H. R. Abrahart . . Asst. Nlaster ?\'Iechanic...... Chicago Terminals a man is, "Come on, get the lead out (Classed with Traveling Engineers) H. C. Blake Division Engineer Hastings & Dakota of your feet, let's go!" We all admire G. A. Larson Roadmaster .. . " " " Milwaukee Terminals the cool-headed man that keeps his head, S. S. Vvatanabe Gen'l Foreman in Charge of Large Extra Gang .. Rocky Mountain no matter what the conditions are or L. J. Denz .,. Chief Carpenters Chicago Terminals J. J. Flanigan General yardmaster "" " Illinois how bad things look. If you know a man J. P. Fahey Agent, T. C. T. Transfer House, Minneapolis .. Twin City Tenninals of this kind, just look him over some A. J. Kroha Asst. General Storekeeper Rocky Mountain, Idaho, day and here is what you will find. First, (Classed with Dist. Storekeepers) Coast and Olympic A. O. Swift · .. Signal Supervisor . " " . . Illinois, Dubuque. Iowa, he is no speed demon, just a little slower Kansas City, S. C. & D. and Des Moines than the man with all the snap; you J. G. Wetherell .... Asst. Engr. (Grade Separation) Milwaukee Terminals will seldom find him in a great hurry, F. Fernstrom .... · .. Locomotive Shop Superintendent. Duhuque L. B. Jenson .. · .. Car Shop Superintendent Milwaukee Terminals therefore he knows where he is at, all J.J. Roe ...... Store Shop Superintendent Illinois the time, and does not work on snap The personal inj ury figures for the month of June and the six-month period, judgment. Few men have this precise 1930, are as follows: ness, and the average man cannot afford -June, 1930- -June, 1929- Decrease to take a chance on it just because he Report· Lost Fatal Report. Lost Fatal Report- Lost is in a hurry. Fatal able Time ahle Time able Time Lines East " " " "I 18 16 2 81 65 '63 49 The Safety First move was started on Lines \;'\7 est .. " " . 12 6 1 29 13 17 7 this road by the men who have to foot System . 30 22 3 110 78 2 80 56 the bills that are created by personal in A decrease of 73 per cent in reportable cases. Six Months 1930 Six Months 1929 Decrea.e jury to the employes in all departments, Report· Lost Fatal Report- Lost Fatal Report- Lost and they want safe work. Suppose you Fatal able Time able Time able Time are criticized for a poor run or an un Lines East ...... •. . 12 187 III 12 681 310 494 199 Lines West 3 47 30 3 131 51 84 21 usual length of time doing some piece System IS 234 141 IS 812 361 578 220 of work, and you can prove that it was A decrease of 70 per cent in reportable cases. due to you doing your work in a safe The following divisions went through the entire month of July without a report and sane manner, you need not worry, able injury: as none of the officials will ever tell you Illinois ~IiI\Vaukee Terminals Dubuque River to sacrifice safety for speed, no matter Iowa 1. & M. what the conditions are. If you have S. C. & D. Southern lYIinnesota to use more time to do your work in a C. & M. Hastings & Dakota La Crosse Twin City Terminals safe manner, use it, for they are with Northern Northern ·]..lontana you in that. Wisconsin Valley Olympic Self protection is one of the first laws Superior of nature and you are at liberty to pro tect yourself from bodily injury in any Constant Application of Safety one concerned, your family is very much manner which is sufficient, even unto concerned as well. Remember your duty taking a life in defense of your own; Rules in preventing personal injuries extends therefore, if you find yourself doing FOR the month of July, 1930, the fig- beyond yourself to those who look for something in your work that is dan ures will show a reduction of about 7S ward to your safe return each day. Re gerous, kill it right there. You have per cent when compared with July, 1929, member also that you have an obligation that privilege. and while this may seem to be a substan to fulfill in seeing that you do your work tial improvement, it is not what it in such a manner that there will 'be no They tell a story about an automobile should be when you consider that there firm which equipped their cars in a way danger of injuring a fellow employe. were 23 reportable inj uries including Your safety record includes the number that the speed could be controlled in three fatalities. There is only one way the following manner: vVhen the ear of days which you go through without a to improve upon our record and that is personal injury. Such a record is one was going or had reached 30 miles per by constant application of the safety hour, there was a green light on the to be proud of. Resolve to keep your rules and· principles in doing your work. record clear. dash that would burn during this, speed; You have a two-fold duty in avoiding when the speed of 45 miles per hour was personal injuries as you are not the only M. J. FLANIGAN. Page Eight A Splendid Record In response to this Mr. Gillick wrote require the considerate planning of the the following letter to Messrs. John individual concerned from a safety view THE following record is one deserving Loftus, F. Mallas and L. Guinn: point. In case of accidental trouble or in the fine commendation from Vice July 18. some unforeseen circumstance, it may not President Gillick in the letter which is Gentlemen: seem possible to take a minute or two given below. Mr. Elder writes on July I am just advised that you have now for deliberation as to the best course to 17th that "General Foreman Loftus in completed the 79 miles of ballast work take. But without· this the outcome is charge of gangs under the supervision of on the Iowa Division, working approx merely left to luck or chance, with disap Mallas and Guinn just got through bal imately 475 men each day and that you pointments more often than not resulting lasting 79 miles on the' Iowa Division, have completed the job without a re in the end. working an average of approximately portable or lost time injury. Therefore, it is well for individual men 475 men per day, and was on this division This is, indeed, a great record, and to consider all of the possible variations almost two months and did not have a re I 'lin sure it could not have been ac in their work from the usual thing, and portable or lost time inj ury in the en complished except that you gentlemen to envision the course of action in their tire time on this division. felt some responsibility in carrying the imaginations to be followed under unex "It is my understanding that they bal message of safety to your men. pected conditions, once the performance lasted this rail with a considerably lower It was also a comfort to now that of routine duties has been satisfactorily cost than has ever been done before and in addition to the safety record you solved for day-to-day action. the work done was very satisfactory. I made, the job of ballasting the 79 miles Entirely successful Safety First opera believe these men should be advised of of track was accomplished, I believe tion will always result from deliberately their good safety work, as well as about in less time than any other similar job and carefully planned action on the part the low cost. Mr. Loftus especially han on the railroad. of those concerned with its application. dled the work trains and crews very Yours very truly, economically." (Signed) J. T. Gillick. Idaho Division News R. C. P. MRS. REI NKI NG, aged mother of Engineer W. M. Reinking, died at Malden on July 19th. Operator Gus ~'!)'ers, St. 1\1aries, was called to Genesee, ·Idaho, on account of the death of his brother Holly. Traveling Engineer W. T. Emerson spent his vacation at Crater Lake, Oregon) and fe· ports having had a great time. Chief Clerk Wm. T. O'Reilly has transferred to Deer Lodge, Mr. E. M. Grobel taking Bill's place at Spokane. Mrs. E. A. Rudloff, Neppel, was called to Los Angeles, August 7th, to attend her brother Albert Aleschwager, who was struck by a falling oil well casing. He died before Mrs. Rudloff reacbed there. The anuual Milwaukee Women's Club plcmc was held at Natatorium Park, Spokane, July Open AIr Safety First IIleetlng, Othello, Wash. 23rd, and was very well attended. Good eats, swimming and games assured everyone a good Idaho Division Safety Meeting shade, so it is readily '1Ppreciated just time. THIS is a picture of the employes who why it was decided to hold the meeting In the baseball game the Lotus Angle.Bars were present at the regular Idaho in the open and under the shade of the put the Cusiek Draw·Bars to shame, beating Division Safety First meeting, which few trees which are located on the sta them 62 to 13, but the game was stopped in was held on the lawn of the depot at tion grounds. In spite of the hot weather the sixth inning by the park management to Othello, Washington, on July 14. they had a very good meeting, at which save the distant trees from further damage The temperature on the day this meet many suggestions for the betterment of from the terrific slugging of Captain and First ing was held was 106 degrees in the Baseman Bullwinkel of the Lotus bunch. ·Line· the Safety First movement were made. up follows: Lotus Angle·Bars Cusick Draw·Bars Bullwinkel,lb O'Neill, 3b, Capt. Time and "Safety First" in sa.ving of time in doing the work at Mrs. C. R. Strong, ss Frank Strong, ss hand in the right manner at the first trial. McKibben, ss Edw. McCabe, Ib W. F. Coors Nor is this true more in any line of work Electrical I11oSpeclor, Coast Division Mrs. W. T. O'Reilly,rf Mrs. W. E. McKibben, p than in maintenance of mechanical equip C. A. Candler ef Mitchell,2b EVERY good piece of work done well ment. Problems peculiar to certain con Mrs. E. A. Breeden, p Mrs. M. F. Whalen, rf requires a reasonable time for its ac ditions are frequently prevalent and if Morton, 2b Marie Freeland, c£ complishment. There is usually nothing carefully thought out beforehand from a McDonald,3b Westermark, c gained by hurriedly attempting even the maintenance viewpoint backed with ex Lanning, c Beulah Barrett l If most trivial tasks in an effort or in the perience, efficient as well as safe prac Ward O'Reilly, If Fuller, ss way of habit, of doing things quickly tices result. The result of the picnic races was as follows: just in order to get through as soon as With electrical apparatus, doing things Married men-W. T. O'Reilly. possible. Spoiled material, accidents and Fat men-No H. Fuller. personal injuries are largely the result of from the first in the right way is of paramount importance. In operating, the Boys 6 and under-Chas. Strong. someone's effort to hasten action. Some Girls 6 and under-Marilyn Shook. times the objective reason for haste is Improper opening or closure of a switch might be disastrous both for men and Girls 6 to 10-Frances Helmer. not always clear even in the mind of the Boys 6 to IO-Bob Shook. man concerned with the "hurry up." equipment, Therefore, the only safe and effiCient method of handling electrical Boys 14 and under-Frank Strong. "Time is money" and "Time is the es machinery comes from carefulJy consid Girls 14 and under-I1a Barrett sence of good railroading," are all right ering all details before making any move Young ladies-Jane Strong. if judiciously applied. On the' other which might involve further consequences. Married Women-Mrs. Chas. Strong. hand, "Haste makes waste," and "Delib Boys' Shoe Race---Ed McCabe. eration is the counsel of the wise" have In all operations on a railroad, definite Girls' Three·Legged Race---Geneva Richard. their place in the scheme of every-day safety rules for certain conditions are son and FTances Helmer. affairs, with a preponderance in their possible. and certainly result in benefit, Boys' Three·Legged Race---Frank Strong iavor when Safety First methods must even to the men who may obey them and Ed McCabe. be considered. without thinking why. There are many Clothes Pin Race-Mrs. Albert Janosky. \Vell planned action for the accomplish other occasional features in this work Umbrella Race-Mrs. Clem Shook and F. B. ment of duty very nearly always results which may not be covered by rules but do Beal. Page Nine intendent of the Idaho Division with The Agricultural Development THE MILWAUKEE headquarters at Spokane, vice Mr. N. H. Section Fuller, transferred. THE Magazine has much pleasure in MAGAZINE Mr. N. H. Fuller is appointed Superin tendent of the Northern Montana Di offering to its readers the interesting Union Station Building vision with headquarters at Lewistown, information contained in the new Agri cultural Development and Colonization Chicago Montana, vice Mr. A. C. Bowen, assigned to other duties. section conducted by Mr. R. W. Reynolds, Published monthly, devoted to the interests of which will hereafter be a regular feature. and for free distribution among the 65,000 Mr. W. F. McDonald is appointed employes of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul It is believed that our employes will , & Pacific Railroad. assistant engineer, Maintenance of INay, Lines west of Mobridge, with headquar welcome the opportunity afforded by Mr. Reynolds and his staff, to gain first hand Address Communications in Regard to Editorial ters at Seattle, vice Mr. ]. F. Pinson, . Matters to: assigned to other duties. and authentic information concerning the resources and development of territory CARPENTER KENDALL, Editor Mr. A. W. Hervin is appointed train Libertyville, Illinois tributary to our railroad. As employes master of the Superior Division with we shall find much valuable knowledge headquarters at Green Bay, vice M. J. ALBERT G. DUPUIS, Assistant Editor Hotchkiss, transferred. that we shall be able to broadcast among 790 Union Station, Chicago, Illinois our friends outside the railroad family, Mr. J. W. Hotchkiss is appointed train In Charge of Advertising and which will give a wider acquaintance master of the Illinois Division with head with the great country that The Mil Single Copies,' 10 Cents Each quarters at Savanna, vice]. W. Blossing waukee Road serves. Mr. Reynolds be Outside Circulation, $1 per Year ham, assigned to other duties. lieves that he will have no more interested readers of his news items than among U. S. Postage on This Magazine Is our own Milwaukee Family, and he ex Three Cents JOSEPH W. STAPLETON pects to be able to interest them more and Joseph W. Stapleton, retired Super more with every issue of The Magazine. Employe Solicitation of intendent of the Dubuque Division, passed Business away very suddenly at Fort Sam Hous ton, 'San Antonio, Texas, on July 19, of The Other Man ATTENTION is called to page 25 of heart failure. THE "other man" is the supreme boss .this issue, where G. P. F. has a long of your business. By his edict your list of business getters under the heading At the time of his passing Mr. Staple ton was visiting his d~ughter, Mrs. John business rises or falls, succeeds or fails. "Those of Us Who Do," It is more than You may sit in the president's office. apparent that employes in whatever de R. Kelly, wife of Colonel Kelly, 9th Infantry, U. S. A., having returned in Managers, assistants and clerks may partment of the service are becoming in scurry at your push-button signal. You terested in this matter of getting business ,April after spending the winter in Jamaica. may own the whole works, lock, stock for this railroad; and if everyone of us and barrel, but you are not the boss. could and would go out of our way to find Colonel and Mrs. Kelly accompanied You may build tall buildings, or a out who is expecting to make a trip and the remains to Los Angeles where serv shack. Stock them with costly goods, or use a good line of persuasion, it would re ices were held at Glendale, California, make mousetraps. But if the "other man" sult in filling up Mr. Dixon's passenger July 22nd. frowns upon you, you an'd your efforts trains so that he would have to call Mr. Stapleton was born in New York are all for naught. loudly for "extra coaches." Again, if City, November 1, 1854, and started If pe is pleased, you have gained his everyone of. us would make it a point to his railroad career at an early age as confidence and good will, and he will follow the example of the lady men messenger boy. He was connected with return again and again, beating a path tioned in a previous issue of The Mag the Milwaukee System for over forty way to your door that others will follow. azine who refused to buy an automobile years, the greater part of the time as Try to dictate to him, and he will from a dealer whom she and her family Superintendent of the Dubuque Division. wield his mighty power and close your had patronized in the past because he doors. Deceive him by trickery or sharp had his new cars driven in, and bought He retired from active service in 1918 practice, and he will in time ruthlessly her new car fro:n a dealer across the on account of the serious illness of his destroy you. street who had his cars shipped in over wife and moved to Alhambra, California. The wise business man realizes that the the railroad, there would be some addi During the last few years he had spent "other man" is boss and serves him tional freight revenue in the Company's much of the time traveling abroad, mak loyally, faithfully and honestly. For, in treasury. Also find out in your home ing his home with his daughter, whenever the language of the street, the "other town who ships in by truck or travels by in this country. man" is your customer.-Pipe Dreams. motor bus, and use your persuasion to get them to become "railroad minded." There would be a still longer Roll of Honor for G. B. F. and more business for the Milwaukee Employees Pension Association company, and more employment for those Members Entered on Pension Roll July, 1930 on part. time, or not working at all. We may not always succeed in our THE following members of the Milwaukee Employees Pension Association have efforts to influence business, but again, established eligibility to old age pension payments and have been placed on the we may succeed some times. It's "Little pension roll during the month of July, 1930: drops of water, little grains of sand, make the mighty ocean and the pleasant land." Name Occupation Division or Department Ernest Cady Engineer Iowa Division Marlin P. Christensen..... Machinist Helper Iowa Division John Donovan Carman Dubuque Shops Appointments Wm. Danielson Macbinist Tacoma Shops THE following appointments and Leonart B. Fowler Section Foreman LaCrosse Divieion George J. Gayton Passenger Brakeman and Flagman R. & S. W. Division changes are announced: Carl J. Gifford...... Telegraph Operator So. Minnesota Division Effective August I, the territory here James H. Killian Machine Hand Milwaukee Shops tofore operated as The Olympic Division, Henry Krueger...... Locomotive Fireman Milwaukee Terminal Chas. Lutjohann ...... Trucksmitb Helper ...... •...... Milwaukee Shops was merged with and bceame a part of Erdman Mohaupt .. Machinist Milwaukee Shops the Coast Division under the jurisdiction Mathias Mollinger .. Crossingman C. & M. Division of Superintendent F. E. Devlin. Cora E. Murphy...... Clerk Illinois Division Charles Peterson .. Bridge Carpenter Iowa Division Also effective August 1 and until Dudley Z. Robinson Macbinist Helper ...... •...... So. Minnesota Div. further notice, the office of General Su William Smith .•...... Crossing Flagman . Police Department perintendent at Butte, Montana, is dis William S. Stone... '" . Call Boy Dubuque DIvision Ed Templeton . Passenger Conductor...... Iowa Division continued and all business formerly John Wagner ...... •...... Section Foreman...... River Division handled with that office, will be referred John Wilcox...... B. & B. Carpenter...... Kansas City Division direct to C. H. Buford, general manager, Albert Wilson ...•...... •.... B. & B. Carpenter...... '" . Kansas City Division Seattle, Washington. William C. Williams Engineer Wisconsin Valley Division Mr. D. E. Rossiter is appointed Super- C. W. MITCHELL, Secretary-Treasurer. Page Tefl u'--__~_ ing a period when the ten-hour day was Why Railroad Employment Has Declined still in effect with developments that have By Samttel O. DUltn, Editor, The Rail occurred since the eight-hour day has way Age been in effect. Developments during the period 1911-1917, when the ten-hour day I N the first three now one man can do in a day the same was in effect, are fairly comparable with months of 1930 amount of work that required two or those during the period 1923-1929, when there was an aver three, or perhaps ten men, twenty or the eight-hour day was in effect. age of 1,550,672 thirty years ago. Nor does this neces Railway freight and passenger traffic, employes on the sarily mean that the man of today has of course, is measured in terms of ton Class I railways in to work any harder than did each man miles and passenger-miles. To combine the United States. in 1910 or 1900. A man with an electric these two factors in total "traffic units", This figure was the saw, for example, can probably turn out it is usually considered that one passen five or ten times as much finished product lowest reported for ger-mile is equivalent to three ton-miles. the corresponding with less actual labor than a man with period in any year a hand saw. In agriculture the number If, then, we multiply figures of passen since 1919, which of tractors on farms has increased from ger-miles by three and add the product is as far back as 246,000 in 1920 to 853,000 in 1929, while to the total ton-miles of the railways, these monthly fig the number of horses and mules has we will arrive at a figure of total railway ures are obtainable. dropped, in the same time, from 25,200, traffic units, from which, by division, we Samuel O. Dunn It represented a de 000 to 19,500,000. The tractor and highly can calculate the number of traffic units cline of approxi specialized farm implements, according handled for each person employed by the mately 59,000, or of 3.70/0, below the to recent estimates, are saving close to railways. number employed in the first quarter of one and one-half billion man-days of 1929, and a reduction of 443,000 or of labor in the production of eight of the In 1911 the Class I railways produced 22.2 per cent, below the peak employment principal crops. 275,302 million ton-miles of freight serv figures reported for 1920. Why has em ice and 32,371 million passenger-miles of ployment on the railroads been declining? With the cradle used by our grand passenger service, or, on the basis ex fathers, three men ordinarily could har A number of factors determine just plained in the previous paragraph, a total vest two acres of wheat in one day. With of 372,417 million traffic units. The aver how many people are employed by the a modern combine harvester, three men railways. Chief among these, of course, age number of employes in service was can harvest, thresh and deliver to the 1,599,854 in 1911, so railway service per is the amount of traffic, both freight and grain elevator 45 acres of wheat in a passenger, which is offered to the rail-. single day. According to estimates of formed per employe averaged 232,782 ways for transportation. Other influences the U. S. Department of Labor, three traffic units. In 1917 ton-miles rose to which affect railroad employment are the hours and three minutes of human labor 430,319 million and passenger-miles to introduction of improved operating meth were required to produce a bushel of 39,477 million, equivalent to 548,750 mil ods and labor-saving macrunery. wheat by hand methods; in some sections lion traffic units. Average number of Before we discuss at any length the of the country t"is has been reduced to employes in that year amounted to influence exerted by these factors within ten minutes. 1,732,876, giving an average performance recent years, let us see just what the But even more significant to the rail in traffic units per employe of 316,670. tendency has been for forty years with way worker is the fact that figures of Thus, in the period from 1911 to 1917 respect to the ntimber of people working the Interstate Commerce Commission in the following increases were shown: for our railroad companies. Figures pre dicate that this factor of "technological number of employes, 8.3 per cent; pass pared by the Interstate Commerce Com unemployment" actually has been less enger-miles, 21.9 per cent; net ton-miles, mission are available as far back as 1890. important on the railroads in recent years 56.3 per cent; traffic units, 47.3 per cent; They show that in that year the number than in earlier periods. The eight-hour traffic units per employe, 36.0 per cent. of railway employes was 749,301. By working day was substituted for the ten 1900 this total had increased to 1,017,653; hour day while the railways were under What has happened in the last six in 1910 it was 1,699,420, and in 1920 it government control, and in order to ob years? In the year 1929 the freight traf reached the peak of 2,022,832 employes tain a fair picture of the situation it is fic of the railways was the largest in on the Class I lines. In 1929 the average necessary to compare developments dur- history, amounting to 492,180 million ton- number of persons employed on these roads was 1,662,463. Within the last forty years, then, we have had a period Round House, having seen continuous· service from 1890 to 1920 in which employment on the railways was increasing, and an since the [all o[ 1881. Still hale and hearty, other period from 1920 to the present he- answers the call of duty every morning time in which employment has been de and is highly esteemed' by his employer and creasing. What has been the cause of [ellow workmen. this change? Mr. Swinzrod was born in La Crosse, Wis· The average railway employe will cansin, November 27, 1857. 1\1r5. Swinzrod probably answer that improved machinery was born in Germany, July 12, 1860, and· is responsible; that the introduction of came to La Crosse with her parents at the new locomotives, for instance, so power age of five years. They were married June iul that one engine can replace two or 26, 1880, at La Crosse, where they have three of the type in use not so long ago,. resided during this time. has cut down the number of jobs; that Four children were born to them. Mrs. Con the use of tractors in freight handling, Harrington, wife of Con Harrington, popular of faster and more efficient machines in passenger conductor on the River Division, the shops, of automatic tabulating ma :Mrs. Helen Kumlin and AlDis, Jr., "Sonny/' chines in the accounting department, has also a machinist in tbe La Crosse Round thrown men and women out of work. In House, with twenty-five years of service to some and perhaps many cases this is true. his credit. Another son died in infancy. Two This replacing of men by machinery is Their Golden Wedding grandchildren, Russell, son o[ Con and M;rs. Harrington, also an employee of The Mil· Known as "technological unemployment." AT their home, 309 Copeland Avenue, La waukee Road, in the capacity o[ mechanieal But this is an influence that does not . Crosse, Wisconsin, Thursday, June 26, atIect employment on the railroads alone. engineer, and granddaughter. Marian Kumlin. It is seen in almost every industry. In 1930, 'Mr. and Mrs. Alois Swinzrod cele· p,actically every line of production meth brated their golden wedding anniversary. More than a hundred guests partook of the have been improved, new machinery HOllie," as the boys call him, is the vet~ celebration and extended their congratulations. ::as been designed and installed, so that eran foreman and machinist of the La Crosse A good time was enjoyed by all. Page Eleven miles. Passenger-miles, however, showed portation, but the decision as to how continental railways have lost and are a reversal of the upward trend prevail he will travel is absolutely up to him. still losing a material volume of traffic ing' in the first period and totaled only As regards commercial highway trans to vessels operating through the Panama :H,078 million, or less than in 1917. The portation, however, both passenger and Canal, which was built with public traffic handled in 1929 therefore totaled freight, bus and truck, further compli money. They have repeatedly petitioned only 585,414 million traffic units as com cating factors enter. the Interstate Commerce Commission for permission to compete with these boat pared with 570,108 million in 1923. Av These bus and truck lines are trans lines by reducing their rates to Pacific erage employment was 1,857,674 in 1923, portation companies, just as the railroads Coast destinations, without making sim and 1,662,463 in 1929, so traffic units per are. Yet while the railways are strictly ilar reductions to inland points where employe increased from 306,893 in 1923 regulated by the Interstate Commerce this water competition does not exist. to 352,137 in 1929. As against the in Commission, a branch of the federal gov creases from 1911 to 1917 previously ernment, highway transportation com The Commission has denied these re quests, and a bill has recently been shown, 1929 showed the following panies have no such regulation. vVhile introduced in Congress which, if passed, changes as compared with 1923; number the railways have to maintain their own would forever prevent the railways from of employes decreased 10.5 per cent; rights-of-way, pay taxes thereon and passenger-miles decreased 18.1 per cent; competing for traffic with the boat lines. earn a ·return on the money so invested, ton-miles increased only 7.9 per cent; the highway companies enjoy a right-of Some employes of the Southern Pacific appeared before a Senate committee to total traffic units increased only 2.7 per way largely paid for and maintained at cent; and traffic units per employe in oppose this bill. the expense of the general public and creased only 14.7 per cent. upon which no return at all has to be Inland waterways already in operation It is interesting to note, from the fore earned. In other words, those common also have taken a material traffic from going figures, that because of the shift carriers operating on the highways are the railways, solely because these water from the ten-hour day to the eight-hour more or less subsidized by the public, ways are subsidized by the public. It is day, the traffic units handled per rail and can, in many cases, make lower rates now proposed to further develop' and was employe were actually less in 1923 than the railways, attract traffic from extend our existing system of inland than in 1917. Further, the relative amount them; and reduce the number of jobs for waterways by the expenditure of large of "technological unemployment" that oc -railway men. sums of public money which we must all curred was smaller between 1923 and pay in taxes. Such further extensions of 1929 than it was between 1911 and 1917, subsidized water competition would mean, as the increase in traffic units per em of course, greater reductions in the ploye was 36 per cent in the first period Try It! amount of traffic which the railways and only 14.7 per cent-or relatively less otherwise would handle, and f urther re~ than half as great-in the second period. "What do you mean by 'Try It'? duced opportunities for employment on It i. obvious, then, that "technological The question I knew you'd ask, the railroads. unemployment" has not been the funda And asked, you will enjoy it, As previously stated, the railways in mental cause of the decline in railway If ever you like the task employment that has occurred within the last nine years have lost about a Of squaring yourself to measure third of their passenger traffic because recent years. The thing that you have to do of highway competition. Some railways This brings us to the trend of rail And surely a comforting pleasure have attempted to meet this competition way traffic. Figuring on the same basis And really nothing new; by operating highway vehicles them as before, of combining passenger-miles Measure its curves and angles, selves, either directly or through sub and ton-miles, from 1890 to 1900 there Let nothing escape your sight, sidiaries. A recent bill introduced in was an average annual increase in rail Don't wince at jars or tangles Congress would make unlawful such way business of 7.8 billion traffic units. But resolve to do it right railway operation of highway vehicles. From 1900 to 1910, the average annual And doing so, enjoy it! These are but instances of the attitude of increase was 16.2 billion and from 1910 What's that? Let's see, we'll try it 1" the public and government toward the to 1920, 20.4 billion. From 1920 to 1929, E. M. on the other hand, there was actually railways and toward their competitors. an average annual decline in railway busi Railway employment is at a low level ness of 1.2 billion traffic units. This was now because of the slump in business. It due, first, to the actual and very large The same facts hold true in much will increase, of course, as soon as busi decline in passenger traffic, and, secondly, greater degree in the case of the water ness picks up, But whether, "in the to the greatly reduced growth of freight lines. While the highway carriers do future, there will be further increased business between 1920 and 1929, and this have to pay license fees and gasoline opportunities, or even as great oppor is the real explanation of the decline in taxes for the use of the highways, car tunities as there are now, for employ railroad employment within recent years. riers on inland waterways have the priv ment on the railways will depend in very What can be done, in this situation? ilege of operating free on a right-of-way large part on whether the government It is obvious, of course, that the change provided and maintained entirely at the and the public will give the railroads a from a rapidly growing traffic' before expense of the general public. These fair deal in their struggles with their 1920 to a traffic that has not grown sim carriers are not nationally regulated, and competitors for traffic. ilarly since is due in considerable measure do not have to earn any return or pay Is there anything that railway em any taxes at all upon their rip'ht~of-way. to competition from other forms of ployes could do to protect their jobs Finally, as an example of the ultimate transportation. The drop in passengers against the competition 0 f other means carried one mile from 47 billion in 1920 in subsidized competition with the rail of transportation that are being sub ways, the government itself is operating to 31 billion in 1929 is due to the com sidized by the government? Obviously, a barge line on the Mississippi and War petition of the motor bus and the private there is. Other classes of persons are automobile. The failure of freight traffic rior Rivers which is not only free, as using their political influence to get pub .to show as large increases as formerly are all other water carriers, from any lic officials to advocate and members of capital, tax, or maintenance charges on is due at least in part to competition Congress and state legislators to vote for its right-of-way,· but, in addition, does from the highways and from inland the subsidizing of other means 0 f trans waterways. How are these competitive not have to earn any return at all upon portation. There are enough railway em its investment in equipment and facilities. forms of transportation treated as com ployes, and they are scattered well enough \Vith such public treatment accorded to pared with the treatment accorded to through the various states and Con the railways' competitors, with such a the railways? gressional districts, to exert a powerful large part of their costs being paid by With the private automobile there can counter influence. It would surelv be as public subsidies financed by increased be little quarrel. If a man prefers to legitimate for railway emploves to exert taxes in which we all share, it is small drive his family in his own car over their large political influence against such wonder that railway traffic fails to highways for which he has helped to pay, measures of government as it is for increase. rather than ride on the railways, that, of other people to use their large jJolitical course, is his privilege. Perhaps he has Nor do these subsidies alone reflect influence for them. It is a remarkable not counted the relative costs, comfort the trend of public and government treat fact, however, that while for years or and safety of the two means of trans- ment of the steam railways. The trans ganized and successful efforts have been Page Twelve 'J71I made by other classes to secure govern It may be' conservatively estimated that methods. But that was before the rail mental action that will take traffic from if the traffic of the railways had grown ways were subjected to such regulation the railways, there has never been any as much in proportion during the last and subsidized competition as they are organized action on a large scale by rail nine years as it did during the preceding now. Railway employes are better situ way employes to prevent such govern twenty years they would now be employ ated than anybbdy else to protect their mental action, although it is plain that ing 500,000 more persons than they are. jobs from attacks backed by political whatever diverts trAffic from the rail The number of their employes actually influence, and if they will not make any did increase 682,000 between 1900 and efforts to do so they will have them ways necessarily reduces the number of 1910, although even during that period selves largely to blame if the number persons the rai Iways can have any reason great progress was being made in the of persons the rail roads can employ con for employ'ing. improvemt.'lJ1t of plants and operating tinues to decline. Raising Peonies for Pleasure and bulbs and taken prizes with his blooms. Being a loyal and interested and Profit member of the Milwaukee family, thIS A MAN with a hobby is usually a happy year, he wishes to stimulate interest among the employes who have homes and man, especially if it happens to b~ a hobby of an absorbing nature, one whIch garden plots, to plant fine varieties a?d a-row better flowers, so he makes a speCIal stimulates the creative faculty and de ~ffer velops an inner urge to excel and to suc to Milwaukee employes in h"is "ad" which will be found in the Classified ceed along the creative lin~. And ~Iong this line, perhaps noth1l1g IS more 1I1ter Section on page 48. He also invites us esting than ·flower culture. To grow beau all to visit his garden in "blossom time" tiful blooms alld to raise plants of su and see the extent and beauty to which perior quality is a delightful .kind of he has developed his hobby, . hobby and becomes an engr<;>ss1l1g pas September is the month to put 111 time if that particular quahty of the peony roots so drive out and see Mr. creative faculty is a part of one's nature. Murawska's' gardens and let him tell you how to beautify your own home garden. Most men have a hobby of some sort and when one can ride his hobby to make it pay it becomes more and more inter Prosperity in Five Years on esting; and so this little story is being Five Acres written of that special and particular kind In the Puyallup Valley, Washington of a hobby and it concerns the e?Ctensive C. C. McCormick, Agr. Dev. Agent. peony gardens of Chicago Terminal En gineer A. L. Murawska, .at RIver Grove, FIVE YEARS ago W. N. Welch began Illinois, which he has developed into a farming for himself after spendll1g a really "paying" pastime. short time working as a farm hand for :lll'. .i\:lurawska and His Favorite De)phini one of the up-to-the-minute berry farm Mr. Murawska's gardens cover a two utn. ·'l\lrs. C. L. Emmerson" acre tract, with space out for his home ers of the Puyallup Valley. At the very beginning, Mr. Welch and a very thriving vegetable garden; peonies; while when it's iris time to. blos and while he specializes in high-grade adopted a motto which was: study the som erect and regal they stand 111 all farm practices of the best berry farmers peonies-peonies of rare variety and thei; glory of color. Turn again and y:ou wondedul bloom-he also goes deeply and then see how those methods and see the long lines of delphll11Um, vaned practices could be improved upon. into the production of splendid iris plants, in shade and color almost beyond behe£. of marvelous delphiniums, lovely colum Whether or not this kind of poncy ha. Delphinium has always been the reign been profitable can well be judged by the bines and stately gJadiolas and other per ina- queen of blue flowers, but gradually ennial garden beauties. During the sea th~ results of this year's operations. growers have evolved delicate lav Although the farm contains but fi~e son of bloom his gardens are a wondrous enders, purple, pink and orchid shades vista of loveliness. Down the long, evenly acres only four and a half acres arc ]" out of the dainty and deep blues of the berri~s three and a half in cuthberts and spaced rows, are thousands of plants set old-time blossom; and Mr. Murawska's a~re with exact precision, and nodding in the one in blackberries, allowing only collection contains some of the most mar one~ha1f acre for buildings. Mr: \Velch breeze in a gorgeous spectacle of color velous of these floral evolutions. 'He, and floral lovel iness, are rare varieties of evidenced much ingenuity in the arrange moreover, has developed some ~pecial ment of his buildings, having on the half varieties of his own, one of whIch he acre allotted to buildings not only all the has named for Mrs. L. Emmerson, C. necessary farm buildings, but a neat.l~' wife of our own C. L. E. of the Chicago equipped and arranged bunk hotls~ that Terminals' and another especially mag va~iety provides comfortable living quarters for nificent is named The Olympian, pickers during the harvest season. in honor of The Milwaukee's crack coast line train. . This year the harvest season lasted ap proximately six weeks and during the Of his. peonies, volumes might be writ peak season as many as forty-five pickers ten, so wide and comprehensive is his were employed, or an average of about .collection and they include such well twelve pickers per acre. known and rare varieties as Le Cygne, Mr. Welch uses six to eight tons of Phillippe Revoire, Therese, and the poultry manure per acre and at the time choicest of all, Presi.dent Wilson, for this farm was visited in compan'y with which all growers get enormous prices. A. M. Richardson Pierce Co. agent, the Of the less expensive, but still choice, he canes many of them, were ten feet high. has Phoebe Carey, Reine Hortense, This farm owner is quite convinced Richard Carvel, Longfellow, Frances that it will not be necessary for him to Willard, Tourangelle, Mikado, etc. increase at any future time his acreage Among the iris are the much sought for to take care of his family of four, but varieties of Asia, Souvenir, Mme. Gaud does feel that he can reasonably expect ishau Lent A. Williamson, Ambassador, to increase his acre yield. Com~oner, Seminole, Princess Victoria The gross returns from this compact Louise, Drake, Gertrude, etc. And if and completely organized plant would do you are curious to know the market credit to many quarter sections, and as value of these choice kinds look over any given t-o Mr. Richardson, country agent, floriculture catalogue. were as follows: Mr. Murawska's gardens have long Total yield from three and a half acres :\Ir. ~luraW8ka'8 DellHJ..inium Hybrid, been commercialized and he has de cuthbert red raspberries, twenty and "The Olympian" veloped a fine trade in his roots, seeds three-fifths tons, which were marketed Page Thirteen ------Maximum Loading in 1929. A decided improvement was of car capacity demanded by the FROM now on, grain, flour, coal and made in sand and gravel loading, the evolution of present-day business re similar commodities wiIl probably average tons per car being increased quirements. move in greater volume. In the matter about four tons, and our rank reduced 3. Adjusting credits to cover larger of grain loading we have, generally from twenty-eighth in the year 1925 to commercial units where necessary. nineteenth in the year 1929. speaking, made improvements in the av 4. Increasing loading of the heavier erage load per car, as is indicated by the The campaign to have carload ship commodities in this territory, such figures covering the years 1925 to 1929: ments loaded to the "maximum load as grain, flour, coal, coke and ce W~u C~n Oa ls Barley and Oats ment, which, account volume used, Avg. Tons Avg. Tons Avg. Tons Avg. Tons should normally be loaded to the Rank Per Car Rank Per Car Rank Per Car Rank Per Car 1929 4 45.5 9 40,7 1 36.3 6 40,4 marked load liinit of cars. 1928 3 44.6 10 39.6 1 34.0 9 39.8 5. Increasing size of coal and other 1927 6 44.0 12 38.7 1 33.5 4 40.2 bins to permit storage of at least 50 1926 8 42.9 11 39.3 4 35.0 2 40.1 1925 6 42.6 9 39.4 3 36.2 4 39.8 tons, instead of 30 or 40 tons, and thus reduce your handling charges. In wheat loading our rank among all limit," particularly with commodities railroads in the United States was fourth that move in volume, such as thqse men 6. Reducing cost of distribution, where in the year 1929, compared with sixth tioned, is progressing very nicely and we two cars may be used instead of in the year 1925. In corn loading, we are receiving co-operation from the con three. This is of mutual advantage improved the average load per car signees as well as the shippers and va to all concerned with the transaction, slightly, but still remain in ninth place. rious Shippers' Advisory Boards. as well as business generally. In the matter of oats loading we rank 7. Receivers checking their 1 equire The Northwest Shippers' Advisory ments closely before ordering and first, an excellent showing, but in the Board have distributed the following loading of barley and rye we dropped not limiting the shipping unit below placard in the territory covered bv that a full car, where possible to do so. from fourth place in 1925 to sixth place board (which includes the states of Min in 1929, although there was a slight im nesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, 8. Shippers loading cars to the load provement in the average load per car, and Montana) which has been sent to limit, when not limited by the re indicating that other lines have made all shippers and recei vers of freight in ceiver. greater improvement than we have. 9. Railroad agents calling upon re The performance on our railroad in that territory: NORTHWEST SHIPPERS' ceiver, when a light load is received, connection with flour, coal, cement and and ascertain the cause, and report if gravel loading is not so good: ADVISORY BOARD no limit is placed upon the loading. Flour Bituminous Coal Cement Sand and Gravel Avg. Tons Avg. Tons Avg. Tons Avg. Tons 10. We earnestly solicit the utmost co Rank Per Car Rank Per Car Rank Per Car Rank Per Car operation of every shipper, receiver 1929 11 26.0 44 46.3 21 38.4 19 55.8 and railroad in the Northwest to 1928 18 25.8 45 45.5 18 38.2 26 54.5 1927 17 25.6 54 44.3 28 37.4 36 52.0 wards elimination of this waste of 1926 26 25.0 50 45.1 30 37.4 34 51.4 transportatl:on, by giving this sllbject 1925 22 25.4 44 45.5 20 38.3 28 51.7 their thoughtfttl and systematic at We made considerable improvement in Joint Committee on Heavier Car Load• tention, when ordering or loading flour loading, ranking eleventh in the ing-Carload Shippers, Receivers cars, with the aim of loading cars year 1929, compared with twenty-second and Railroads: heavier when possible to do so. J. L. BROWN, Vice-Chairman in the year 1925; but iI. bituminous coal SAVE WASTE OF TRANSPORTATION BY we simply held our own, remaining forty ]. C. O'CONNELL, Secretary fourth in rank, although there was a 1. Loading cars to their full carrying P. F. SCHEUNEMAN, Chairman slight improvement in the average load capacity, as indicated by "Marked per car. Load Limit on Car." Every employe can help in this campaign In cement loading our rank was twen 2. Increasing the commercial unit to by talking "MAXIMUM LOADING" tieth in 1925; compared with twenty-first match up with the gradual increase at every opportunity I Prosperity in Five Years CAUGHT WITH THE GOODS A backwoods mountaineer one day found a On Five Acres mirror which a tourist had lost. "Well, if it ( Continued) ain't myoId dad," he said as he looked in the mirror. I never knew he had his pitcher took. JI at nine cents per pound or a total of He took the mirror home, stole into the attic $3,708. to hide it, but his actions did not escape his The one acre of Himalayan black suspicious wife. That night while he slept she berries were estimated at six tons per slipped up to the attic and found the mirror. acre at four and a half cents wiIl bring "Hro·m," she said, looking i.uto it, "so that's an additional $540.00, making a total the old hag he's been chasin'." gross income of $4,248.00 After deduct -Union Pacific Magazine. ing picking charge Mr. Welch states he expects very nearly ,$3,000.00 return. While this does not by any means repre serit the average it does show what is "In a battle of tongues, a Woman can hold possible by using the best methods and her own." "Yes, perhaps she cau; but she never does." practices, and as the owner stated apply Rate Clerk L. W. O'Sullivan, General ing business principles to farming. Passenger Dept., Chicago -Pullman New•• Page Fourteen n Eddie seemed to think that things were "Every Man To His Trade working out successfully for him. Pres . A Short, Short Story ently, however, came the momentary slip By George E. McKay for which Bill was watching. Eddie's gun was pointing, for a second, toward IT was five minutes before leaving time. the deck of the cab. With one quick Charlie Putnam, better known as·"Old stroke of the rod he smashed the left Put," had oiled up a few places he water glass and with a report like that could not reach at the roundhollse. Giv of a gun; steam and boiling water filled ing the old mill one more "once over," the cab. Climbing swiftly over the roof, he climbed into the cab for the first trip Bill arrived at the back of the cab jllSt of his forty-fifth year behind the throttle. in time to meet the stranger climbing Bill Hardcastle, his fireman, also an the coal gate to escape the scalding engineer of fifteen years' experience, but shower. back firing because of slack business, One blow with the iron rod, none too had finished oiling his Duplex stoker. gently administered, and "Eddie the Rat" Taking the train orders from "Old Put," dropped back into the cab, wholly unin he read them aloud and gave them back. terested in the proceedings. "Old Put" kept The orange light appeared, followed by his head out of his window and avoided the green, and then the familiar the shower within, at the same time, with "A-b-o-a-r-d!" echoing down the train Car Forenlan C. O. Bross and "Goldie" his gloved hand, reaching the extension ~hed. Bill dropped a few scoopfuls handle that controlled the broken water around the door and started the stoker. The Milw::,!ukee Road glass. The loss of the left glass amounted to little as the right one was in good Charlie cut in the headlight, started the Composed by Goldie Bross, Age Ten bell ringing, and, with his gentle pull on working order. Both men reflected with Years, Daughter of Car Foreman C. O. gratitude, even though subconsciously, on the throttle, No.7 started on its journey Bross, Mitchell, S. D. into the night to Omaha. the fact that the latest locomotives have THE Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul two instead of one, the second for both Western Avenue, Pacific Junction and safety and convenience. Galewood soon were passed and the two and Pacific, long and two short blasts of the auto The one and onJy line; With a spare bell cord Bill soon had matic whistle could be heard as each With rails that stretch for miles and the intruder bound hand and foot. When road crossing approached. The only miles, Number 7, barely a minute behind sched words exchanged in the cab were the oc And trains that are always on time. ule, dashed past the lonely road crossing casional call "Clear Board" or "Green where the gang waited, its members The great long trains, realized that something had gone wrong Board" as the electric signals came into , I like to watch them speeding so view. with Eddie'.s program. Possibly he had fast, been unable to swing on at Western Ave Presently, Bill, looking ahead after ad 'vVith engines and cars and everything, nue. Little did they suspect, however, j usting his stoker pressures to the in And smoke that will never end, but that in doing so he was starting on the creased demands of higher speed, no last. long trip back to Atlanta to finish the ticed that the headlight was not burn 20-year hitch that had been interrupted ing. He crossed the cab to see if the And lots of men a-working so hard, by his escape. switch had jarred loose, but found it Never loafing on the job. cut in. And my grandfather, car foreman, you On a page from his time-book Bill wrote a message and threw it off to the Taking a spare bulb from his seat know, The work around him never goes operator at Tower B-17. It read: "Have box, Bill climbed out his side window police meet us at Elgin. Putnam." onto the running board, felt his way slow. thro\lgh the darkness to the head end Bill was turning the water spout at of the engine, opened the headlight door Now for a suggestion before I have to Elgin as the police patrol backed up to the and replaced the burned-out bulb. go- platform. A sergeant and two patrolmen Travel on The Milwaukee and I got out. Before taking water Bill mo He returned slowly and cautiously over know tioned the sergeant to him and said: the same path, and was about to climb That satisfaction will be yours, "There is a passenger in the cab for through the windo\v from which he had For on The Milwaukee. you wiH you. He just woke up a moment ago emerged a few moments before, when, make good tours. and seems to have a headache or some glancing across the dimly lighted en thing." And then he added: "You might closure, he discerned the figure of a man as well take this along. It's the 'gat' he standing behind "Old Put" and observed Eddie had already made his presence tried to scare us with." that a revolver was pressed against known to "Old Put" and told him where Charlie's ribs. No word was being to slow down when Bill arrived back at spoken at the moment. the window and grasped the situation. Western Dakota Conditions Knowing he had not been observed, Bill As Bill had left the cab to replace the Studied electric bulb, Eddie Rasmus, alias "Eddie withdrew into the darkness to a point the Rat," had climbed over the coal pile from which he could see but not be seen. Dakota Farmer and Milwaukee Road from the back of the tank, which he Determining upon his own plan of ac Co-operate had boarded at Western Avenue. He tion, made possible by the fact that they T. E. DINWOODIE and A. H. Pan• were driving a thoroughly modern loco had expected to find two men in the J o kow, editors of The bakota Farmer, cab, but as he surveyed the situation motive, Bill slipped his arm through the published at Aberdeen, So. Dakota, and through the. coal gate he could plainly window and remo·ved from its hook a our Agricultural Agent, Evan W. Hall, see that there was but one. On either short iron rod, used in poking coal out made a trip through western South Da side of the fire door were two slowly of the stoker distributors when they kota during the week of August 12, to revolving' cylinders which, by some should become clogged. Bill's plan was meet stockmen, farmers, and business means, seemed to be delivering coal into definite but he dare not put it in action men, to learn of agricultural problems the firebox. as long as the muzzle of Eddie's cannon and present crop and business conditions The train was fast approaching the was parked at Charlie's back. so that The Dakota Farmer and our crossing where Eddie had told Charlie Charlie always was willing to go the Agricultural Department would be in to corne to a stop and where two mem limit, whatever it might be, in protecting formed as to ways and· means in which bers of the gang were waiting to cut off the lives of those entrusted to his care, both organizations could help agriculture the express car. Two miles farther west and had proven it on several occasions. iil our "Vest River territory. First hand the rest of his pals awaited his arrival, However, he had long ago reached the information and personal contacts are ready with a stolen motor truck to carry age of discretion, and he told Eddie he necessary to carry out our agricultural away the expres~ "strong box" with the would stop the train at the point desig program and secure ideas for future fat payroll they knew it contained. nated by the bandit. work. Page Fifteen Far.mer," conducted tours for their The Agricultural and Colonization farme'r readers through the Northwest over The Milwaukee Road. They were Department accompanied by representatives of our Passenger and Agricultural Development R. W. Reynolds Departments, who sought to care for their comfort and entertainment and in Agricultural Department l\1akes matic variations, with consequent unfa form them fullv and accurately regarding Changes in Staff' vorable seasons, as well as seasons of localities through which they passed. Evan Hall Becomes AssiBtant burnper crop production with many sea Commi,~ioner The farmer tourists were greatly in sons of an intermediate type, showing terested in the farming and livestock very satisfactory crop yields. A NNOUNCEMENT of the appoint Too often the tendency is to advertise areas, in learning of the crops produced, ment of Evan W. Hall asassista\1t the big crop year and minimize the re ('. farming practices followed, and of commissioner of this department, effec suIts of the poor year Taken together, prevailing land prices. tive September 1st, has been made. the years of bumper crops and years of Many favorable comments were heard Mr. Hall has been employed as agricul drought are extremes that cancel out in as to opportunities for farmers and stock tural agent ~or the Milwaukee Road since the long run. The true picture of what men in the Northwest and the personal April 1, 1926, formerly with headquarters Montana returns to her farmers is shown messages carried by these tourists to their at Miles City, Montana, and since Janu by the long~time averages of crop yields. home friends will doubtless prove of real ary 1st, at Aberdeen, South Dakota. He Comparisons showing Montana's ten- benefit in furthering northwestern col has been in agricultural college extension year average yields with comparable onization and development. work since 1911. For five years he was states' and with United States' averages, county agricultural agent at Williston, have given to Montana her place among Livestock Feeding Developed North Dakota, and for six years was the leading states of the nation in crop Producers and Feeders Helped county agent at Spearfish, South Dakota, and livestock production. in Milwaukee Territory serving also as assistant county agent The 1929 Farm Review recently issued leader in both North Dakota and vVyom by the Department of Agriculture of the OUR Agricultural Development and ing. He is a graduate of the North Da state of Montana, makes the very in livestock agents are making an active kota Agricultural College with the class teresting statement that the unsatisfac effort to develop feeder buyers in the of 1909. tory yields of 1929 were 77.5 per cent of more easterly localities served by The During these years he has kept in the ten-year average. while the very Milwaukee Road, for cattle and sheep close touch with the problems of farmers pleasing yields of 1927 were 149.4 per produced in our westerly areas where and stockmen in Dakota, Wyoming and cent of the ten-year average. feeding is not economic. Montana. During the past four years Every intending homseeker, or investor This program is being carried on in with the Milwaukee Road, he has studied should learn the facts which are available co-operation with the agricultural col agricultural problems in the Milwaukee from reliable sources as to average cli leges, and with the direct help of county territory and comes to his present posi matic conditions and crop production over agents in both producing and feeding lo tion with an understanding of the prob at least the preceding ten years, as well calities. lems which are daily confronting the as learn the proven farm practices and In Minnesota, Iowa, and the Dakotas, Agricultural and Colonization Depart the adaptability of soils in localities he conferences are held with' farmers who ment. is considering. are interested in becoming feeders, or in Mr. Reynolds feels that his intimate _ feeding more livestock. knowledge of agriculture in Milwaukee More County Agents territory and his farmer and stockman A plan has been evolved whereby re Trained Local Leaders Needed viewpoint of these problems will be of liable feeders who do not desire or are great value to the department. WE wish that every county served by not able to finance their livestock pur Mr. Hall will be followed at Aberdeen The Milwaukee Road had the benefit chases, can arrang-e with the producer to by Paul Lewis, who is now county agri of the services of a county agent. It is obtain the feeder stock they desire and cultural agent at Miles City. Montana. clearly evident that the most substantial are able to handle, on a co-operative basis Mr. Lewis has performed real service to farm progress is being made where under which the producer and feeder will the farmers and stockmen of Custer county extension agents are employed. receive their proportionate shares when County during his five years at Miles Our Agricultural Development Depart the finished stock is marketed. City. He is highly respected by the ment is seeking to aid farmers and com Our agricultural development and people of both town and country. His munities in localities served by The Mil traffic representatives are co-operating in training is splendid for his new work, waukee Road. In this work its repre seeking to learn the number, kind, and as he is a graduate of the Oregon Agri sentatives are co-operating with county quality of livestock wanted and available. cultural College and has served as county agents, extension service specialists, farm ers' organizations and leading farmers Feeders are given all available infor agent in Idaho and Wyoming. Before mation as to markets and market condi entering the army, he was foreman of and livestock men. The county agent is the "key man" in the county and through tions, and, of course, are expected to buy seven units of farms and worked with at best prices obtainable. the Great \Alestern Sugar Company as h!s contacts with farmers and other agen foreman of irrigated and dry land owned cIes. best results can be obtained. The Agricultural Credit Corporation, by this Company at Billings. Montana. The most progressive farmers and of Minneapolis, offers to buy livestock Mr. Lewis is entirely sympathetic with business men appreciate the need and for feeders and will extend credit for the farmers and their problems, and he worth of efficient leadership in commu- periods of Jess than one year at 6 per will continuc the policy of the Milwaukee nity development and are always to be cent. for this nurpose, with a maximum Road's Agricultural Department, which found as supporters of county agents. credit of $1,000, to an individual. is to help the farmers do the things which Each succeeding year brings a O'reater The Milwaukee Road is continuing its they believe are most necessary for their understanding of the worth of agTicul efforts to place dairy cows, heifers, and prosperity. tural development projects. The com breeding ewes through co-operation with bined efforts <:>f county agents, state spe the Agricultural Credit Corporation. ,Average Yields Best Guide CIalIsts, expenment stations, farmers' or These animals are delivered at cost, the ~anizations For Homeseekers and Investors and railroads, have resulted farmer paying 20 per cent in cash and in Montana 111 demonstrating. the benefits derived the balance of 80 per cent in three an from this high type and efficient co-op nual installments at 6Y;; interest. WEATHER records over long periods eration. of years, show little evidence of This plan enables worthy farmers to changes affecting crop production in secure their foundation herds and flocks Montana, or elsewhere. Farm methods Farmers' Tours in the with almost absolute assurance of being and practices, utilization of land and Northwest able to pay for them. choice of crops and livestock aTe the Middle West Farmers View Agricultural methods by which average agricultural Progress and Marvelous Scenery South Dakota Manganese Fields returns may finally be raised or lowered. of Northwest States Development Promised at Chamberlain The normal summer rainfall and tem DURING the month of August the THE August issue of "Commercial peratures, in most years, bring favorable " f~rm magazines, "Missouri Ruralist," 'vVest" makes. some very interesting crop yields. Some years show wide cli- IndIan Farmers' Guide," and "Ohio statements regardmg the development by Page Si:rleen " the General 'Manganese Corporation, of lar paid for livestock was 3.7 cents and spring wheat that looks like thirty the are beds, estimated to contain more for other marketing costs, 2 cents, while bushels to the acre. than 500,000,000 tons. These beds lie 94.3 cents went directly to the producer. Mr. Meyer has fifty acres of contract along the Missouri River, near Chamber The cost of marketing has, therefore, de seed peas that he belives should bring lain and Oacoma, South Dakota. The clined 2.9 cents on each dollar paid for hun $35.00 an acre. . deposit contains about four times as much livestock during the six-year period. This Then there is the barley. That goes manganese as is known to exist in Russia, report also shows that, on a one hundred for hog feed, although he uses other which has the next largest supply. pound basis, the average price paid by the grains if he should be short of barley "The development of these ore beds purchaser for cattle, hogs and sheep, or a low market and a surplus should be will make this country independent of the combined, increased from $7.36 in 1924 to . a factor. He finds that the grain fed to Russian and Brazilian deposits, which $11.24 in 1929, an increase of 63 per cent, the hogs is worth considerably more than now furnish the United States with the while marketing costs were 63 cents per when sold as grain. larger part of the 94 per cent of mangan hundredweight in each year and that "The best paying thing there is," Mr. ese which it imports each year. therefore, the increase of $3.38 per hun Meyer replies if you should ask him wlnt "Manganese is used in the manufacture dredweight went entirely to the producer, he thinks of the animals thai are trans of steel. When used in the ratio of 14: 16 or the shipper at the shipping point. iormed into hams and bacons. 1fr. pounds per .ton, it acts as a de-oxidizer, Meyer's hogs give him a cash income the neutralizes the sulphur remaining in the Rich Harvest at Fairfield, Mont. year around, especially in the spring and steel, and improves the rolling qualities Irrigation Farmer Believes in Future fall. He markets them in Great Falls and of the steel. of Project he is well pleased with the market Gre~~ "''''hen used in large amounts, it pro "THE greatest opportunity I have ever Falls affords him. duces an alloy called manganese steel, seen." . This farmer and many others on the which is excellent for resisting abrasion. That is what A. L. Meyer will tell yotl division use sweet clover as a rotatio'l This steel is used in the manufacture of if you ask him what he thinks about the crop. It revitalizes the soil and in an sa fes, railroad frogs and crossings, crush future of the Greenfields Division of the area where there is trouble from s(lil ing machinery, and agricultural ma Sun River' Reclamation Project, And blowing, it is said to have some advan chinery: Mr. Me'''cr should know something about tages over summer fallowing. A stand "Manganese is also used extensively in what constitutes a good farming proposi of grain on land 011 which sweet c1ov('r the manufacture of dry cell batteries, tion. He has been farming since his has been is noticeably larger than 'mder and has minor uses as follows: De-color youth. He was reared in the corn belt of other conditions. izer of glass, coloring material for cer Illinois. He tilled the soil in Wyoming, Mr. Meyer does not believe that a farm amics, textile and mineral pigments, then in Canada. of his size sh.ould have too much power chemicals, and fertilizers. Mr. Meyer settled on the project in machinery, P01l1tll1g out that in such cases "Research has been made to find a 1923. He was broke, "but today we could the investment often is not justified on snbstitute for manganese in the steel in walk off this plaCe with quite a little bit." the basis of good business. He gets along dustry, but none has been found. And it is evident that he could-525 acres with aile steady hit'ed man. "The last four years' average of the in wheat, oats, barley and peas, and that "Ten years from now, folks will be United States consumption of manganese little matter of 165 feeder hogs and saying, 'In 1930 I could have bought land was approximately 900,000 tons per an twenty brood sows. on the Greenfields Division for $40.00 an nU!11. If the burden of meeting the United The Meyer tract is three and a hal f acre i'," Mr. Meyer commented in em States' demand for manganese were to miles north of Fairfield. Near the Meyer phasizing his belief that land values of fall on the South Dakota field, there place are other farms that demonstrate the project will increase. would be sufficient are for 500 years, .ac the practical value of diversified agri The foregoing interview with Mr. cording to government estimates. culture-farms that are proof of the fact Meyer was published in the August 10th "Until about a year ago, it was thought that their operators are good farmers. Issue of the Great Falls Tribune. there was no manganese in the United Mr. Meyer has fifty aCres of oats that States, in any great Quantity. In fact, will average sixty bushels, some of it Saving Montana Livestock this scarcity was keenly felt during the being estimated at ninety bushels. He Practical Relief Plans World War when steel mills were in obtained the seed a year ago and planted LIVESTO~K m~n along The Milwau• danger of shutting down due to a lack of this year from the seed he grew in 1929. kee terrItory III Montana are mak this material." Mr. Meyer has 250 acres of marquis ing every effort to keep as much breed- In the latter part of 1927, these are beds in the vicinity of Chamberlain and Oacoma, along the Missouri River, on The Milwaukee Road, were discovered. "The are was found thickly scattered throughout the shale, and formed beds thirty-five to fifty feet thick. where, on many thousands of acres, the manganese could be mined by steam shovels without stripping any over-burden, as the soil had eroded down to the tops of the' beds. Analysis of the are showed that it con tained manganese, calcium, iron, magne sium, nickel, cobalt, and gold." The promised early development by the General Manganese Corporation should mean much in furthering the interests of South Dakota, of The Milwaukee Road, and par'ticularly of the towns of Chamberlain and Oacoma. Livestook Marketing Costs Less Green Bay Milwaukee Road BaU Team Shown by Recent Study, Bureau To}> Row: :E'rench" Yea.goer, Captain; R·. Hyska., G. Zuiumulder, of Railway Economics Lela.nd Wall, Jake nansen. Bottom Row: Donald Simons, D. Zul