Towards a System of Ecologically Representative Marine Protected
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
10 Notes on Current Protection and Management within Recommended Areas _____ 452 10.1 Nuyts Archipelago, St Francis Isles and Coastal Embayments (Murat Bioregion) ____________452 10.2 Baird Bay to Cape Bauer (including nearshore islands) (Murat/Eyre Bioregions Boundary) ___453 10.3 Venus Bay and Surrounds (Eyre Bioregion) ___________________________________________453 10.4 Investigator Group of Islands (Eyre Bioregion) ________________________________________454 10.5 Thorny Passage (Eyre Bioregion) ____________________________________________________455 10.6 Sir Joseph Banks Group and Dangerous Reef (including Tumby Bay) (Eyre Bioregion) ______455 10.7 Neptune Islands Group (Eyre Bioregion) _____________________________________________456 10.8 Gambier Islands Group (Eyre Bioregion) _____________________________________________456 10.9 Franklin Harbor and Surrounding Waters (Spencer Gulf/North Spencer Gulf Bioregions Boundary) ___________________________________________________________________________457 10.10 Upper Spencer Gulf (North Spencer Gulf Bioregion)___________________________________457 10.11 South-Eastern Spencer Gulf (Spencer Gulf Bioregion) _________________________________459 10.12 Western Investigator Strait, between the “Toe” of Yorke Peninsula and Northern Kangaroo Island (Eyre/Gulf St Vincent Biregion Boundary)___________________________________________460 10.13 North-Western, Western and South-Western Kangaroo Island (Eyre Region)______________461 10.14 Southern Eyre (Eyre Bioregion) ____________________________________________________461 10.15 The “Heel” of Yorke Peninsula (Gulf St Vincent Bioregion)_____________________________461 10.16 Upper Gulf St Vincent (Gulf St Vincent Bioregion) ____________________________________462 10.17 Southern Fleurieu / North-East Kangaroo Island / Backstairs Passage / Encounter Bay / Upper Coorong (Gulf St Vincent Bioregion) _____________________________________________________464 10.18 Upper South-East (Coorong / Otway Bioregion Boundary)______________________________468 10.19 Lower South East (Otway Bioregion)________________________________________________469 11 Other MPA / Reserve Nominations within each Recommended Area ____________ 471 11.1 Nuyts Archipelago, St Francis Isles and Coastal Embayments (Murat Bioregion) ____________473 11.2 Baird Bay to Cape Bauer (including nearshore islands) (Murat/Eyre Bioregions Boundary) ___474 11.3 Venus Bay and Surrounds (Eyre Bioregion) ___________________________________________475 11.4 Investigator Group of Islands (Eyre Bioregion) ________________________________________475 11.5 Thorny Passage (Eyre Bioregion) ____________________________________________________475 11.6 Sir Joseph Banks Group and Dangerous Reef (including Tumby Bay) (Eyre Bioregion) ______476 11.7 Neptune Islands Group (Eyre Bioregion) _____________________________________________477 11.8 Gambier Islands Group (Eyre Bioregion) _____________________________________________477 11.9 Franklin Harbor and Surrounding Waters (Spencer Gulf / North Spencer Gulf Bioregions Boundary) ___________________________________________________________________________477 11.10 Upper Spencer Gulf (North Spencer Gulf Bioregion)___________________________________477 11.11 South-Eastern Spencer Gulf (Spencer Gulf Bioregion) _________________________________478 11.12 Western Investigator Strait, between “Toe” of Yorke Peninsula and Northern Kangaroo Island (Eyre / Gulf St Vincent Bioregion Boundary)_______________________________________________478 11.13 North-Western, Western and South-Western Kangaroo Island (Eyre Bioregion) ___________479 An Ecologically Representative System of Marine Protected Areas in S.A. Technical Report 2004 2 11.14 Southern Eyre (Eyre Bioregion) ____________________________________________________480 11.15 The “Heel” of Yorke Peninsula (Gulf St Vincent Bioregion)_____________________________481 11.16 Upper Gulf St Vincent (Gulf St Vincent Bioregion) ____________________________________482 11.17 Southern Fleurieu / North-East Kangaroo Island / Backstairs Passage / Encounter Bay / Upper Coorong (Gulf St Vincent Bioregion) _____________________________________________________484 11.18 Upper South-East (Coorong/Otway Bioregions Boundary)______________________________488 11.19 Lower South East (Otway Bioregion)________________________________________________488 12 Miscellaneous Information about Conservation and Management within Recommended Areas ______________________________________________ 489 12.1 Overview ________________________________________________________________________489 12.1.1 Nuyts Archipelago, St Francis Isles and Coastal Embayments (Murat Bioregion) ___________________ 489 12.1.2 Baird Bay to Cape Bauer (including nearshore islands) (Murat/Eyre Bioregions Boundary) ___________ 490 12.1.3 Venus Bay and Surrounds (Eyre Bioregion) ________________________________________________ 491 12.1.4 Investigator Group of Islands (Eyre Bioregion) ______________________________________________ 491 12.1.5 Sir Joseph Banks Group and Dangerous Reef (including Tumby Bay) (Eyre Bioregion) ______________ 492 12.1.6 Neptune Islands Group (Eyre Bioregion) ___________________________________________________ 492 12.1.7 Gambier Islands Group (Eyre Bioregion) ___________________________________________________ 492 12.1.8 Franklin Harbor and Surrounding Waters (Spencer Gulf/North Spencer Gulf Bioregions Boundary) ____ 493 12.1.9 Upper Spencer Gulf (North Spencer Gulf Bioregion) _________________________________________ 493 12.1.10 South-Eastern Spencer Gulf (Spencer Gulf Bioregion) _______________________________________ 494 12.1.11 North-Western, Western and South-Western Kangaroo Island (Eyre Bioregion) ___________________ 494 12.1.12 Southern Eyre coastal (Eyre Bioregion) ___________________________________________________ 495 12.1.13 The “Heel” of Yorke Peninsula (Gulf St Vincent Bioregion)___________________________________ 496 12.1.14 Upper Gulf St Vincent (Gulf St Vincent Bioregion) _________________________________________ 497 12.1.15 Southern Fleurieu/North-East KI/Backstairs Passage/Encounter Bay/Upper Coorong (Gulf St Vincent Bioregion)_________________________________________________________________________________ 498 12.1.16 Lower Upper South-East (Coorong/Otway Bioregions Boundary) ______________________________ 500 12.1.17 Lower South East (Otway Bioregion) ____________________________________________________ 500 References_______________________________________________________________ 501 Environmental and Geographic Index ________________________________________ 594 Appendix 1: The Commonwealth’s National Representative System of Marine Protected Areas – Goals and Criteria _________________________________ 608 Appendix 2. South Australian Marine Bioregions ______________________________ 611 Appendix 3. Existing MPAs in South Australia ________________________________ 620 Appendix 4: Examples of Species Biodiversity in South Australian Continental Shelf Waters ___________________________________________________________ 638 Appendix 5: IUCN Protected Area Management Categories, and Commonwealth Application to Australian Protected Areas _____________________________ 829 An Ecologically Representative System of Marine Protected Areas in S.A. Technical Report 2004 3 10 Notes on Current Protection and Management within Recommended Areas 10.1 Nuyts Archipelago, St Francis Isles and Coastal Embayments (Murat Bioregion) • A considerable number of coastal conservation parks in the region include intertidal components (Ashman, 1996). See also descriptions in Part 1 of this table, in section titled National and/or International Importance, for more information about the reasons for declaration, and features recognised under the Register of the National Estate. • Isles of St. Francis Conservation Park: Covers 1,315 hectares (Australian Heritage Commission, undated) and includes islands such as Egg, Smooth, Freeling, Dog, St. Francis, Masillon, and Fenelon. The park was proclaimed to “conserve island populations and habitat for threatened species” (Ashman, 1996). The boundary of the park extends to mean low water mark (DENR 1995, cited by Ashman, 1996). • Nuyts Archipelago Conservation Park: The park covers 9881 hectares (NPWSA, 2002a) and comprises 22 islands and reefs, such as Purdie Islands, Lounds Island, Lacy Islands, Evans Island, Goat Island, St. Peters Island, Eyre Island and Franklin Islands. The park was proclaimed to “conserve the island biogeography, biodiversity and rare and endangered wildlife populations” (Ashman, 1996). The boundary of the park extends to mean low water mark. St Peter Island was held as a pastoral lease until 1987 when it was purchased by the National Parks and Wildlife Service and proclaimed a Conservation Park. • Eba Island Conservation Park: Covers around 141ha (NPWSA, 2002a), and is situated in southern Streaky Bay. Proclaimed to protect breeding / roosting and feeding habitat for several seabird species. • Pigface Island Conservation Park: Covers around 13ha (NPWSA, 2002a), and is situated in southern Streaky Bay. Proclaimed to protect breeding areas for cormorants and gulls, and roosting and feeding habitats for other seabirds (Australian Heritage Commission, undated). • Acraman Creek Conservation Park: The park was proclaimed in 1991 and covers 3999 ha (NPWSA, 2002a). It was proclaimed to “conserve a mangrove estuarine system and associated samphire (and saltmarsh) community” (Ashman, 1996). • Laura Bay Conservation Park: Covers