DOCSLIB.ORG

Metal Recycling

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Metal Recycling A key question that relates to the very broad and intensive use of metals is whether society needs to be concerned about long-term supplies of any or many of them. This is a many-faceted question that cannot be answered quickly or unequivocally. To address it, the Global Metal Flows Group For more information, contact: envisions a series of six reports, Resource Panel Secretariat METAL of which this is the second-b one UNEP DTIE ECYCLING addressing opportunities, limits Sustainable Consumption R and Production Branch and infrastructure for metal recy- 15 rue de Milan Opportunities, Limits, cling. This report follows the IRP’s 75441 Paris CEDEX 09 Infrastructure fi rst report on recycling, which France has demonstrated the status quo Tel: +33 1 44 37 14 50 Fax: +33 1 44 37 14 74 of global recycling rates for sixty E-mail: [email protected] metals. www.unep.org/resourcepanel Product-Centric recycling is dis- cussed in this report by acknowl- edged experts. This approach is considered to be an essential enabler of resource effi ciency by increasing recycling rates. Due to complex functionality, modern products contain complex mixes of almost any imaginable metal, material and compound. This re- port provides a techno-economic, product design and physics basis to address the challenges of recy- cling these increasingly complex products in the 21st century. ROGRAMME Published in April 2013 P NVIRONMENT E ATIONS N ISBN: 978-92-807-3267-2 NITED DTI/1535/PA U Acknowledgments Editor: International Resource Panel, Working Group on the Global Metal Flows Lead author: Markus Reuter Authors: Markus Reuter, Outotec Oyj, Finland and Aalto University, Finland; Christian Hudson, DIW, Germany; Antoinette van Schaik, MARAS, Netherlands; Kari Heiskanen, Aalto University, Finland; Christina Meskers, Umicore, Belgium and Christian Hagelüken, Umicore, Germany. Contributors (Alphabetical): Helmut Antrekowitsch, University Leoben, Austria; Diran Apelian, WPI, USA; Bo Bjorkman, Luleå University of About the UNEP Division of Technology, Technology, Sweden; Bart Blanpain, Leuven University, Belgium; Françoise Bodenan, BRGM, France; Mieke Campforts, Umicore, Belgium; Industry and Economics Amélia Enríquez, UNEP, Brazil; Bernd Friedrich RWTH Aachen, Germany; Stefan Gössling-Reisemann, University of Bremen, Germany; Daniel Froelich, ENSAM, Chambéry, France; Tom Jones, Leuven University, Belgium; Yasushi Kondo, Waseda University, Japan; Jinhui Li Tsinghua University, China; Hans-Rainer Lotz, Volkswagen, Germany; Stefan Luidold, University Leoben, Austria; Elisabeth Maris, ENSAM, The UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (DTIE) helps Chambery, France, Kazuyo Matsubae, Tohoku University, Japan; Nourredine Menad, BRGM, France; Shinsuke Murakami, Tokyo University, Japan; Kenichi Nakajima, NIES, Japan; Tetsuya Nagasaka, Tohoku University, Japan; Shinichiro Nakamura, Waseda University, Japan; governments, local authorities and decision-makers in business and Sheraz Neffati, ICDA, France; Shuji Owada, Waseda University, Japan; Jim Petrie, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Georg Rombach, industry to develop and implement policies and practices focusing on Hydro Aluminium, Germany; Susanne Rotter, University of Berlin, Germany; Mathias Schluep, EMPA, Switzerland, Guido Sonnemann, Uni- versity of Bordeaux, France, Philip Strothmann, UNEP, France; Pia Tanskanen, Nokia, Finland; Karel van Acker, Leuven University, Belgium; sustainable development. Jacques Villeneuve, BRGM, France; Harro von Blottnitz, University Cape Town, South Africa; Patrick Waeger, EMPA, Switzerland; Philippe The Division works to promote: Wavrer, BRGM, France; Rolf Widmer, EMPA, Switzerland; Patrick Wollants, Leuven University, Belgium and Guomei Zhou, Ministry of Envi- ronmental Protection, China. > sustainable consumption and production, We would like to thank Christian Hudson and Marinus Kluijver for providing scientifi c and English editorial support for the full report. > the effi cient use of renewable energy, The report went through several rounds of peer-review coordinated in an effi cient and constructive way by Patrice Christmann together with > adequate management of chemicals, the International Resource Panel Secretariat. Valuable comments were received from several anonymous reviewers in this process. The > the integration of environmental costs in development policies. preparation of this report also benefi ted from discussions with many colleagues at various meetings. Special thanks go to Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker and Ashok Khosla as Co-Chairs of the International Resource Panel for their continuing support and encouragement, as well as to the members of the International Resource Panel and its Steering Committee for their dedication The Offi ce of the Director, located in Paris, coordinates activities and commitment and additional helpful comments. through: Special thanks go to Anu Ketelä (Aalto University, Finland) for her support during the fi nal stages of the document preparation. Shaoyi Li, > The International Environmental Technology Centre - IETC (Osaka, Shiga), Janet Salem, Thomas Marques and Philip Strothmann, UNEP, provided valuable input and comments; the International Resource Panel’s Secretariat coordinated the preparation of this report. Sybille Schmidtchen and the team from 3f design were instrumental in creating and which implements integrated waste, water and disaster management programmes, editing the fi gures and graphics. focusing in particular on Asia. The main responsibility for errors remains with the authors. > Sustainable Consumption and Production (Paris), which promotes sustainable consumption and production patterns as a contribution to human development Copyright © United Nations Environment Programme, 2013 The report should be referenced as follows: through global markets. UNEP (2013) Metal Recycling: Opportunities, Limits, Infrastructure, A Report of the Working Group on the Global Metal Flows to the Inter- > Chemicals (Geneva), which catalyzes global actions to bring about the sound national Resource Panel. Reuter, M. A.; Hudson, C.; van Schaik, A.; Heiskanen, K.; Meskers, C.; Hagelüken, C. management of chemicals and the improvement of chemical safety worldwide. Design/layout: 3f design; cover concept, UNEP. Photos: iStockphoto.com: background title/page 38 © Harrie Marinus, title 1 © oneclearvision, title 2 © Marco Hegner, title 3 © Milos Peric, > Energy (Paris and Nairobi), which fosters energy and transport policies for title 4 © DNY 59, page 2 © Youra Pechkin, page 6 © Ermin Gutenberger, page 22 fi gure 1_5 © Sergei Devyatkin, page 27 fi gure 3/page 108 sustainable development and encourages investment in renewable energy and fi gure 38_1 © Ivan Stevanovic, 3_2 © Jacob Wackerhausen, 3_9 © Pete Saloutos, page 30 fi gure 4/page 62 fi gure 15/page 108 fi gure 38 center © Joerg Reimann, page 54 fi gure 12 © Christopher Pollack, page 86 © urbancow, page 130 © Lee Pettet, page 164 © best-foto, energy effi ciency. page 242 © Richard Clark, page 262 © ugur bariskan, page 266 © James Whittaker, page 310 © Huguette Roe. PhotoDisc.com: page 191 > OzonAction (Paris), which supports the phase-out of ozone depleting substances fi gure 83 © Don Farrall. Photocase.com: page 22 © NormanBates. Fotolia.com: page 42 © Blackosaka. Others: see captions. in developing countries and countries with economies in transition to ensure This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or nonprofi t purposes without special implementation of the Montreal Protocol. permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. > Economics and Trade (Geneva), which helps countries to integrate environmental No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in considerations into economic and trade policies, and works with the fi nance sector writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. to incorporate sustainable development policies. Disclaimer The designations employed and the presentation of the UNEP DTIE activities focus on raising awareness, material in this publication do not imply the expression improving the transfer of knowledge and information, of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United UNEP fostering technological cooperation and partnerships, and Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal promotes environ- status of any country, territory, city or area or of its implementing international conventions and agreements. authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers mentally sound practices or boundaries. Moreover, the views expressed globally and in its own activities. do not necessarily represent the decision or the Please print this publication – when stated policy of the United Nations Environment For more information, Programme, nor does citing of trade names or printing is necessary – on recycling commercial processes constitute endorsement. paper or FSC certi ed paper. Our distri- see www.unep.fr bution policy aims to reduce UNEP’s ISBN: 978-92-807-3267-2 Job Number: DTI/1535/PA carbon footprint. METAL RECYCLING Opportunities, Limits, Infrastructure* * This is report 2b of the Global Metal Flows Working Group of the International Resource Panel of UNEP. Metal Recycling – Opportunities, Limits, Infrastructure Foreword The challenge of sustainable development at the beginning of the 21st century
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Circular Economy: Questions for Responsible Minerals, Additive Manufacturing and Recycling of Metals
    Resources 2014, 3, 432-453; doi:10.3390/resources3020432 OPEN ACCESS resources ISSN 2079-9276 www.mdpi.com/journal/resources Article Circular Economy: Questions for Responsible Minerals, Additive Manufacturing and Recycling of Metals Damien Giurco 1,*, Anna Littleboy 2, Thomas Boyle 1, Julian Fyfe 1 and Stuart White 1 1 Institute for Sustainable Futures, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; E-Mails: [email protected] (T.B.); [email protected] (J.F.); [email protected] (S.W.) 2 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Queensland Centre for Advanced Technologies, P.O. Box 887, Kenmore, QLD 4069, Australia; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-2-9514-4978; Fax: +61-2-9514-4941. Received: 10 December 2013; in revised form: 4 March 2014 / Accepted: 21 March 2014 / Published:6 May 2014 Abstract: The concept of the circular economy proposes new patterns of production, consumption and use, based on circular flows of resources. Under a scenario where there is a global shift towards the circular economy, this paper discusses the advent of two parallel and yet-to-be-connected trends for Australia, namely: (i) responsible minerals supply chains and (ii) additive manufacturing, also known as 3D production systems. Acknowledging the current context for waste management, the paper explores future interlinked questions which arise in the circular economy for responsible
    [Show full text]
  • SPORT for ALL History of a Vision Around the World - Book of Abstracts 19Th ISHPES CONGRESS July 18-21, 2018 in Münster, Germany
    > SPORT FOR ALL History of a Vision Around the World - Book of Abstracts 19th ISHPES CONGRESS July 18-21, 2018 in Münster, Germany www.ishpes.org ISHPES CONGRESS Münster 2018 Table of Contents 4 Greetings 89 Sessions 15-24 ( Thursday) 8 Department of Sport Pedagogy 89 Session 15 and Sport History 92 Session 16 10 Institute of Sport and Exercise 95 Session 17 Sciences 97 Session WGI 11 Partner Organizations 102 Session 18 105 Session 19 24 Schedule ISHPES Congress 2018 107 Session 20 Photo: Presseamt Münster / MünsterView Münster Presseamt Photo: 24 Overview 109 Session 21 26 Detailed Plan 111 Session 22 35 Congress Venue 114 Session 23 117 Session 24 36 Abstracts - Keynotes 119 Session DOA 36 Gigliola Gori 38 Matti Goksøyr 122 Sessions 25-35 (Friday) 40 Lydia Furse 122 Session 25 42 Christopher Young 124 Session 26 Willkommen in Münster / MünsterView Münster Presseamt P.: 127 Session 27 45 Abstracts - Sessions 1-14 131 Session 28 (Wednesday) 133 Session IfSG 45 Session 1 136 Session 29 48 Session 2 139 Session 30 51 Session 3 142 Session 31 54 Session 4 144 Session 32 57 Session 5 147 Session dvs 60 Session 6 150 Session 33 P.: Presseamt Münster / Britta Roski / Britta Münster Presseamt P.: 63 Session 7 152 Session 34 P.: Presseamt Münster / Angelika Klauser / Angelika Münster Presseamt P.: 66 Session ZdS/ZZF 155 Session 35 69 Session 8 158 Session TAFISA 72 Session 9 77 Session 10 162 Sessions 36-39 (Saturday) 80 Session ECS 162 Session 36 81 Session 11 165 Session 37 83 Session 12 168 Session 38 85 Session 13 171 Session 39 87 Session 14 174 Session DAGS Photo: Bastian Arnholdt ( Medilab IfS) ( Medilab Arnholdt Bastian Photo: 178 Panel Discussion 179 Index of Person 2 Table of Contents 3 Dear participants of the ISHPES Congress 2018, Greetings As president of ISHPES I want to welcome you all to Münster, Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • Men's 100M Diamond Discipline 13.07.2021
    Men's 100m Diamond Discipline 13.07.2021 Start list 100m Time: 19:25 Records Lane Athlete Nat NR PB SB 1 Isiah YOUNG USA 9.69 9.89 9.89 WR 9.58 Usain BOLT JAM Olympiastadion, Berlin 16.08.09 2 Chijindu UJAH GBR 9.87 9.96 10.03 AR 9.86 Francis OBIKWELU POR Olympic Stadium, Athina 22.08.04 3André DE GRASSECAN9.849.909.99=AR 9.86 Jimmy VICAUT FRA Paris 04.07.15 =AR 9.86 Jimmy VICAUT FRA Montreuil-sous-Bois 07.06.16 4 Trayvon BROMELL USA 9.69 9.77 9.77 NR 9.87 Linford CHRISTIE GBR Stuttgart 15.08.93 5Fred KERLEYUSA9.699.869.86WJR 9.97 Trayvon BROMELL USA Eugene, OR 13.06.14 6Zharnel HUGHESGBR9.879.9110.06MR 9.78 Tyson GAY USA 13.08.10 7 Michael RODGERS USA 9.69 9.85 10.00 DLR 9.69 Yohan BLAKE JAM Lausanne 23.08.12 8Adam GEMILIGBR9.879.9710.14SB 9.77 Trayvon BROMELL USA Miramar, FL 05.06.21 2021 World Outdoor list Medal Winners Road To The Final 9.77 +1.5 Trayvon BROMELL USA Miramar, FL (USA) 05.06.21 1Ronnie BAKER (USA) 16 9.84 +1.2 Akani SIMBINE RSA Székesfehérvár (HUN) 06.07.21 2019 - IAAF World Ch. in Athletics 2 Akani SIMBINE (RSA) 15 9.85 +1.5 Marvin BRACY USA Miramar, FL (USA) 05.06.21 1. Christian COLEMAN (USA) 9.76 3 Lamont Marcell JACOBS (ITA) 13 9.85 +0.8 Ronnie BAKER USA Eugene, OR (USA) 20.06.21 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Standortinfo
    Standortinfo Januar 2020 Die japanische Community in München - 1. Daten und Fakten 1 - 1.1 Japanische Bürgerinnen und Bürger in München 1 - 1.2 Flugverbindungen 2 - 1.3 Messe- und Kongresswesen 2 - 1.4 Tourismus 2 - 2. Wirtschaftsstandort München 3 - 2.1 Japanische Unternehmen in München 3 - 2.2 Japan-Aktivitäten der Münchner Unternehmen 5 - 2.3 Institutionen und Dienstleister 5 - 2.4 Universitäten und Hochschulen 16 - 3. Japanisches Leben in München 20 - 3.1 Japanische Kindergärten 20 - 3.2 Schulen 21 - 3.3 Kultur und Freizeit 23 1. Daten und Fakten 1.1 Japanische Bürgerinnen und Bürger in München • Menschen aus über 180 Ländern leben in München. Der Anteil der Ausländer an der Gesamtbevölkerung in der Landeshauptstadt beträgt 28 Prozent. • Im Oktober 2018 lebten rund 4.900 japanische Staatsangehörige in München. Insgesamt sind circa 8.000 japanische Staatsbürgerinnen und Staatsbürger im Freistaat Bayern heimisch. • Seit 1972 unterhält München eine Städtepartnerschaft mit der Stadt Sapporo. Der Freistaat Bayern ist seit dem Jahr 1988 mit einer eigenen bayerischen Repräsentanz in der japanischen Hauptstadt Tokyo vertreten. • Am Wirtschaftsstandort München hat sich eine große internationale Business Community entwickelt. Mit ihren Erfahrungen und ihrem Wissen bereichert sie den Standort und trägt zu einer internationalen Lebens- und Arbeitsatmosphäre bei. Herausgeber: Landeshauptstadt München, Referat für Arbeit und Wirtschaft Herzog-Wilhelm-Straße 15, 80331 München, www.muenchen.de/arbeitundwirtschaft Redaktion: Katja Schlaug, Telefon: +49 (0)89 233-22042 Telefax: +49 (0)89 233-27966, [email protected] Januar 2020 1.2 Flugverbindungen • Die Fluggesellschaften All Nippon Airways und Lufthansa bieten ihren Passagieren jeweils eine tägliche Direktverbindung von München nach Tokyo Haneda an.
    [Show full text]
  • Officieele Gids Voor De Olympische Spelen Ter Viering Van De Ixe Olympiade, Amsterdam 1928
    Officieele gids voor de Olympische Spelen ter viering van de IXe Olympiade, Amsterdam 1928 samenstelling Nederlands Olympisch Comité bron Nederlands Olympisch Comité (samenstelling), Officieele gids voor de Olympische Spelen ter viering van de IXe Olympiade, Amsterdam 1928. Holdert & Co. en A. de la Mar Azn., z.p. z.j. [Amsterdam ca. 1928] Zie voor verantwoording: http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_ned016offi01_01/colofon.htm © 2009 dbnl 1 [advertentie] Officieele gids voor de Olympische Spelen ter viering van de IXe Olympiade, Amsterdam 1928 2 [advertentie] Officieele gids voor de Olympische Spelen ter viering van de IXe Olympiade, Amsterdam 1928 3 [advertentie] Officieele gids voor de Olympische Spelen ter viering van de IXe Olympiade, Amsterdam 1928 4 [advertentie] Officieele gids voor de Olympische Spelen ter viering van de IXe Olympiade, Amsterdam 1928 5 [advertentie] Officieele gids voor de Olympische Spelen ter viering van de IXe Olympiade, Amsterdam 1928 6 [advertentie] Officieele gids voor de Olympische Spelen ter viering van de IXe Olympiade, Amsterdam 1928 7 Officieele gids voor de Olympische Spelen ter viering van de IXe Olympiade Amsterdam 1928 UITGEGEVEN MET MEDEWERKING VAN HET COMITÉ 1928 (NED. OLYMPISCH COMITÉ) UITGAVE HOLDERT & Co. en A. DE LA MAR Azn. Officieele gids voor de Olympische Spelen ter viering van de IXe Olympiade, Amsterdam 1928 8 Mr. A. Baron Schimmelpenninck van der Oye Voorzitter der Olympische Spelen 1928 Président du Comité Exécutif 1928 Vorsitzender des Vollzugsausschusses 1928 President of the Executive Committee 1928 Officieele gids voor de Olympische Spelen ter viering van de IXe Olympiade, Amsterdam 1928 9 Voorwoord. Een kort woord ter aanbeveling van den officieelen Gids.
    [Show full text]
  • Progpamma ! Van Den Vijfkamp Voor Officieren En Onderofficieren
    NEDERLANDSCH OLYMPISCH COMITE PROGPAMMA ! VAN DEN VIJFKAMP VOOR OFFICIEREN EN ONDEROFFICIEREN VAN LAND- EN ZEEMACHT OP 19, 20, 21, 22 EN 23 JULI 1927 TE AMERSFOORT NEDERLANDSCH OLYMPISCH COMITE OPGERICHT 11 SEPTEMBER 1912 Goedgekeurd hij Koninklijk Be-sIuH van 1 November 1913 No. 39., BESTUUR PROGRAMMA 1e Voorzitter Mr. A. Baron Schimmelpenninck van der Oye. DER E ISCHEN 2e Kapt. P. W. Scharroo. Minimum Leden Jhr. Mr. E. C. U. van Doorn. Nummers OMSCHRIJVING P. W . Waller . I eischen Secr.·Penn.m. C. A. W. Hirsc hman. 1. Revolver. Wapen en munltie naar keuze. 15 trcffers Schieten. Verboden xijn ceo bijzonder aangebrachte in het zwart. EERELEDEN Afstand kolf en cen versneldt: trekker. Dr. C. r. K. van Aalst, Amsterdam. 25 M. Aantal schoten. 20 schotcn in i series van Iedere serie Mevr. J. c. Beukema toe Water.t 5 schoren. 2 proefschoten v06r iedere moet binnen H. Colyn, Oud.Minister van Financien. serie. de 5 minuten geschoten A . R. Ophorst, gep. Luit.·Gen., Amsterdam. Doel. Ringschijf groat 50 eM. zijn J. J. Rambonnet, Oud.Minister van Marine, den Haag Telling 1-10, Zwart 20 c.M. ,7 _10). C. J. Snijders, gep. Generaal, den Haag, Uitgangshouding. Arm uitgestrekt naar F . W . C. H. Baron van Tuyll van Serooskerken.t beneden, de mond van de re volver op den grand gerlcht. Dr. J. Th. de Visser, Oud-Minister van Onderwijs, Kunsten .. en Wetenschappen, den Haag. VureD. Op het commando "vuur mag men beginnen te vureD. COMMISSIE VOOR HET INRICHTEN VAN VI]F­ Bc:oordeeling. Ecrst geldt het aaotal trelfers, daarna het grootste aanta l 10, 9,8,7 enz.
    [Show full text]
  • Therembrandtdatabase Newsletter #4, May 2016 Research Resource on Rembrandt Paintings
    TheRembrandtDatabase Newsletter #4, May 2016 research resource on Rembrandt paintings Gemäldegalerie Berlin research project • Rijksmuseum X-ray films online • A Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings • Zeph Benders and the History Painting from the Lakenhal • Sample documentation RCE • The Rembrandt Database presents: project associate Marijke Heslenfeld Now online: 11,083 files, 205 Rijksmuseum X-ray films paintings, 25 collections online And more content is in preparation; please A selection of X-radiographs from keep an eye out for updates on our website! the Rijksmuseum has been added to the database, among which X-ray film, 18-06-1956, Rembrandt, Bust of a woman smiling, X-rays of paintings from The possibly Saskia van Uylenburgh, dated 1633, Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister Dresden Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister in Research project Gemäldegalerie Berlin (almost) completed Dresden. th On April 18 another five Rembrandt paintings from the Gemäldegalerie were The Rijksmuseum keeps a large presented in The Rembrandt Database. By the end of June our colleagues in Berlin – collection of X-rays of not only Claudia Laurenze-Landsberg and Katja Kleinert – will complete the art-historical and paintings from their own technical research of the Rembrandt paintings. The collaboration with the collection, but also of paintings Gemäldegalerie has been unique regarding the intense research they have performed from other institutions. A and all the results they have gathered. By combining technical and art-historical substantial part of these X-rays research within an interdisciplinary team the project has achieved innovative and most were produced during the interesting results. landmark Rembrandt exhibition, which was held at the The extensive art-historical information and the visual and textual data that has Rijksmuseum and the Museum emerged from technical analyses of all 26 Rembrandt paintings in the collection of the Boijmans van Beuningen in 1956.
    [Show full text]
  • Managing End-Of-Life Tires
    Managing End-of-Life Tires Full report World Business Council for Sustainable Development Contents WBCSD Tire Industry Project: An introduction 1 The life of a tire: Facts and trends 2 What are tires made of? What is the environmental impact of a tire during its life cycle? What is an end-of-life tire? End-of-life tire generation and recovery worldwide How does the end-of-life tire recovery rate compare with other goods? End-of-life tire uses: Numerous possibilities, existing and under development 6 Why use end-of-life tires and for what purposes? Energy recovery Material recovery Other innovative and emerging uses for end-of-life tires Management systems for collecting and recovering end-of-life tires 11 Tire industry responsibility Government/community responsibility Free market approach Landfill and waste piles End-of-life tire management in developing regions What is the future outlook? 13 Useful resources 14 Photo credits: © Lebanmax – Fotolia.com © www.guardian.co.uk/business/gallery/2007 Copyright: © WBCSD, November 2008 ISBN: 978-3-940388-31-5 Printer: Atar Roto Presse SA, Switzerland Printed on paper containing 50% recycled content and 50% from mainly certified forests (FSC and PEFC). 100% chlorine free. ISO 14001 certified mill. WBCSD Tire Industry Project: An introduction Today, when people think of the environmental impacts of tires, they mostly focus on the management of tires at the end of their useful lives (end-of-life tires, or ELTs), as this topic usually draws the most public attention. Globally, an estimated one billion tires reach the end of their useful lives every year.
    [Show full text]
  • Circular Procurement Municipality of Amersfoort
    SHORT SUMMARY Organisation: Municipality of Amersfoort, www.amersfoort.nl | Contact person: Wim van Druenen (Senior Procurement Adviser), LinkedIn | Product & sector: renovation of town hall green deal circulair (Construction), construction of western link (Infra), office chairs and furnishing (Office furnishing) | inkopen Country: The Netherlands Circular procurement Municipality of Amersfoort Create awareness among clients; the project managers will then follow. The renovation of the town hall Project description procurement. For instance, circularity and the construction of the The Municipality of Amersfoort is partic- must form a standard part of the board ipating in the Green Deal and is aiming proposals for projects, so that ambitions new Amersfoort ring road. The for 10% circular procurement by 2020. do not get stuck in the board-administra- Municipality of Amersfoort Two large projects have now started: tive-client-project leader cycle. The mu- is working with circular the renovation of the town hall and the nicipality is also stimulating knowledge procurement in these two large construction of the new Amersfoort ring exchange between project leaders. An road (western link). Various initiatives online knowledge platform was estab- projects. have also started to stimulate circular lished for this so that project leaders can procurement across the municipality, share experiences with circular procure- such as the use of ambassadors and an ment. An Ambition web is also being de- online knowledge platform. veloped. This web is used for a list with a hundred frequently occurring projects, Approach such as sewerage system replacement The municipality had previously organ- or street and road reconstruction. These ised pilots, such as the circular economy kinds of projects lend themselves well to tender for office chairs and the furnish- a circular approach, as you can raise your ing of Het Groene Huis.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Aluminium and Iron Production
    Sustainable Aluminium and Iron Production Reza Beheshti Doctoral Thesis Stockholm 2017 School of Chemical Science and Engineering Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden ISBN 978-91-7729-214-2 Reza Beheshti Sustainable Aluminium and Iron Production School of Chemical Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE-10044 Stockholm Sweden ISBN: 978-91-7729-214-2 TRITA-CHE Report 2017:3 ISSN 1654-1081 The Author Abstract Aluminium and iron/steel are truly sustainable materials. As a result the global metallurgical industry strives to produce products, which contribute to the global effort by reducing resource use, recycling and reusing materials where possible, and to help create the economic and supply frameworks needed to do this. Aluminium is a material that is infinitely recyclable and remarkably plentiful. Almost three quarters of all the aluminium that has ever been produced is still in use today, and approximately 90% is used in the transport- and construction sector. Recycling aluminium scrap requires 95% less energy than primary production with no loss of quality or volume. The Black Dross (BD) produced during secondary production of aluminium contains high amounts of water-soluble compounds, i.e. NaCl, KCl, and AlN. As a result it is considered as a toxic waste. In the present work, salt removal from BD by thermal treatment has been investigated in laboratory scale. The optimum conditions for treatment were established, i.e., temperature, gas flow rate, holding time, rotation rate, and sample size. The overall degree of chloride removal was established to increase as a function of time and temperature.
    [Show full text]
  • Preserving Value in EU Industrial Materials
    Preserving value in EU industrial materials A value perspective on the use of steel, plastics, and aluminium Preserving value in EU industrial materials A value perspective on the use of steel, plastics, and aluminium Publication details Copyright © 2020 Material Economics Sverige AB. Some rights reserved. The material featured in this publication is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercialShareAlike License. The details of this license may be viewed in full at: https://creativecommons.org/licen- ses/by-sa/4.0/ Please refer to this report as: Material Economics (2020). Preserving value in EU industrial materials - A value perspective on the use of steel, plastics, and aluminium. 2 Preface Material use and material recycling have been discus- material flows and assesses Europe’s use of steel, plastics sed for decades in Europe. And for good reasons – there and aluminium in terms of Euros instead of tonnes. The are many important questions related to our use of mate- ‘exam questions’ we ask ourselves are: If 100 Euros of raw rials: What materials should be recycled, and how? What materials is entered into the European economy, how much are the environmental benefits of increased recycling? economic value is retained after one use cycle? What are Which policies regarding waste and recycling are reaso- the main reasons that material value is lost? How could nable? The debate has intensified in the last several years, more value be retained? What business opportunities arise not least due to the increased focus on climate change mi- as a result1?” tigation and on establishing a ‘circular’ economy; intense work is going on both in the policy sphere and in industry These are ambitious research questions, and as far to make our material use more sustainable.
    [Show full text]
  • The Petrifying Gaze of Medusa: Ambivalence, Ekplexis, and the Sublime
    Volume 8, Issue 2 (Summer 2016) The Petrifying Gaze of Medusa: Ambivalence, Ekplexis, and the Sublime Caroline van Eck [email protected] Recommended Citation: Caroline van Eck, “The Sublime and the “The Petrifying Gaze of Medusa: Ambivalence, Ekplexis, and the Sublime,” JHNA 8:2 (Summer 2016), DOI: 10.5092/jhna.2016.8.2.3 Available at https://jhna.org/articles/petrifying-gaze-medusa-ambivalence-explexis-sublime/ Published by Historians of Netherlandish Art: https://hnanews.org/ Republication Guidelines: https://jhna.org/republication-guidelines/ Notes: This PDF is provided for reference purposes only and may not contain all the functionality or features of the original, online publication. This PDF provides paragraph numbers as well as page numbers for citation purposes. ISSN: 1949-9833 JHNA 7:2 (Summer 2015) 1 THE PETRIFYING GAZE OF MEDUSA: AMBIVALENCE, EKPLEXIS, AND THE SUBLIME Caroline van Eck The Dutch art theorists Junius and van Hoogstraten describe the sublime, much more explicitly and insistently than in Longinus’s text, as the power of images to petrify the viewer and to stay fixed in their memory. This effect can be related to Longinus’s distinction between poetry and prose. Prose employs the strategy of enargeia; poetry that of ekplexis, or shattering the listener or reader. This essay traces the notion of ekplexis in Greek rhetoric, particularly in Hermogenes, and shows the connections in etymology, myth, and pictorial traditions, between the petrifying powers of art and the myth of Medusa. DOI: 10.5092/jhna.2016.8.2.3 Introduction Fig. 1 Peter Paul Rubens (1577–1640), Medusa, ca.
    [Show full text]