Kekkoslovakian Kuninkaat Hurriganes 1970-Luvun Suomalaisen Kulttuurin Tuotteena, Tekijänä Ja Nostalgiana

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Kekkoslovakian Kuninkaat Hurriganes 1970-Luvun Suomalaisen Kulttuurin Tuotteena, Tekijänä Ja Nostalgiana Petri Laukka Kekkoslovakian kuninkaat Hurriganes 1970-luvun suomalaisen kulttuurin tuotteena, tekijänä ja nostalgiana Akateeminen väitöskirja, joka Lapin yliopiston yhteiskuntatieteiden tiedekunnan suostumuksella esitetään julkisesti tarkastettavaksi Lapin yliopiston luentosalissa 3 syyskuun 7. päivänä 2013 klo 12 Acta Electronica Universitatis Lapponiensis 123 Lapin yliopisto yhteiskuntatieteiden tiedekunta © Petri Laukka Taitto: Paula Kassinen Jakelu: Lapin yliopistokustannus PL 8123 FI-96101 Rovaniemi puh. + 358 (0)40 821 4242 , fax + 358 16 362 932 [email protected] www.ulapland.fi/lup Painettu ISBN 978-952-484-632-5 ISSN 0788-7604 pdf ISBN 978-952-484-633-2 ISSN 1796-6310 ”Tule, kuule, porukkaa. Tehhää orkester. Ota keittoastia sie ja ala rumpuu lyyvä. Tuos siul klikat. Ota, kuule…” Väinö Linna: Tuntematon sotilas Sisällys I Erikoisen tapahtuman jäljillä Rockyhtye kurkistusaukkona vuosikymmeneen ......................................................... 9 1. Hurriganes Kekkoslovakiasta ..................................................................................... 9 2. Tutkimuskysymykset .................................................................................................. 11 3. Tutkimuksen metodologia........................................................................................ 15 4. Kulttuurihistoriallinen tulkinta ja aiempi tutkimus ...................................... 17 5. Teoreettiset lähtökohdat ja avainkäsitteet.......................................................... 22 6. Lähteet ja niiden käyttö ............................................................................................ 30 7. Kolme temaattista osaa ............................................................................................. 35 II Hurriganes 1970-luvun Suomessa Huomiota herättävä yhtye ..................................................................................................... 41 1. Keikalla öljykriisin pimentämässä maassa ......................................................... 41 2. Eurooppa äänestää Hurriganesin ykköseksi ..................................................... 44 3. Voitto vertautuu urheilusaavutuksiin ................................................................... 47 4. Kuriositeettina nostalginen hiustyyli ................................................................... 49 5. Kolmen muusikon ulkoasu rakentaa merkityksiä ........................................... 55 6. Parodisuudesta kohti vakavasti otettavuutta ..................................................... 60 Sukupolvi saa laajaa näkyvyyttä ........................................................................................ 67 1. Nuorisokulttuurin muutos tasoittaa tietä ........................................................... 67 2. Rock-kulttuuri ja autenttisuuden voima ............................................................ 72 3. Radion, television ja koulun merkitys ����������������������������������������������������������������� 76 4. Sukupolvien väliset ennakkoluulot ....................................................................... 80 5. Henkilökohtainen ja yksilöllinen kokemus ....................................................... 88 6. Yksittäisten tapahtumien luoma yhteys.............................................................. 92 Remu Aaltonen ja kapitalismin henki ........................................................................... 97 1. Mahdollisuudet vientituotteeksi .......................................................................... 97 2. Ruotsiin rahaa tekemään ........................................................................................100 3. Sovittuun pitää luottaa ............................................................................................103 4. Velvollisuus ja työmoraali .......................................................................................105 5. Myyntikäyrä kohoaa ylös ........................................................................................110 6. Markkinatalouden elämänkoulu ��������������������������������������������������������������������������112 7. Yksilönvapaus ja omatoimisuus ...........................................................................117 5 III Hurriganes maailmankuvien raameissa Kekkoslovakian kulttuuri-ilmapiiri ...............................................................................127 1. Televisiohaastattelun maailmankuva ..................................................................127 2. Poliittista päämäärää ei löydy ...............................................................................130 3. Englanniksi YYA-ajan Suomessa .......................................................................135 4. Kahden vuosikymmenen ero .................................................................................137 5. Tiedostavuus ja ei-tiedostavuus ...........................................................................143 6. Reaalipolitiikka suometti ilmapiirin ..................................................................146 7. Hurriganes edusti Amerikkaa ..............................................................................149 Maailmankuvien yhteentörmäys .....................................................................................153 1. Kahden laulun todellisuus ja illuusio .................................................................153 2. Valtasuhteet ja väärä tietoisuus.............................................................................158 3. Vapaamielisyydestä taistelevuuteen ....................................................................160 4. Venäläinen kukkahuivi ja Amerikan lippu ......................................................163 5. Kuvitteellisuus nuorisolehdissä ............................................................................166 6. Kuvitteellisuus yhteiskunnassa .............................................................................175 7. Uusi sukupolvi ottaa paikkansa ����������������������������������������������������������������������������178 IV Hurriganes muistona ja nostalgiana Menneisyys elää nykyisyydessä ........................................................................................183 1. Nostalgia nostaa ilmiön takaisin .........................................................................183 2. Pop Jury ja paluun mahdollisuus .......................................................................188 3. Kollektiivinen muistelu ...........................................................................................192 4. Verkkosivujen virtuaalinen museo ......................................................................196 5. Nostalgia ymmärtämisen tapana .........................................................................199 6. Ajan kerroksellisuus ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������203 V Pitkät jäljet Sukupolvi joka palaa kokemukseensa .........................................................................209 1. Rockista tulee hyväksyttyä kulttuuria ................................................................209 2. Vuosikymmen päättyy hitaasti .............................................................................211 3. Hurriganes Amerikan simulaationa ...................................................................213 4. Sukupolvitietoisuus herää jälkikäteen................................................................215 5. Menneisyys pysyy vain muistettuna ...................................................................217 Lähteet ...........................................................................................................................................................219 English summary ....................................................................................................................................229 6 I Erikoisen tapahtuman jäljillä Rockyhtye kurkistusaukkona vuosikymmeneen 1. Hurriganes Kekkoslovakiasta uomea kutsuttiin 1970-luvulla nimellä Kekkoslovakia. Nimiväännös juontuu tasavallan presidentistä Urho Kekkosesta (virassa 1956–81), joka käytti Suomessa tuolloin niin sisä- kuin ulkopoliittista valtaa, ja joutui toimissaan ottamaan huomioon sosialistisen naapurimaan SNeuvostoliiton tahdon. Kekkoslovakiaksi kutsumisen aiheellisuudesta tai his- toriallisesta painoarvosta voi olla monta näkemystä, mutta ytimekkyydessään se kuvaa hyvin erään aikakauden mentaliteettia, kuten kansan parissa liikkuvat tokaisut ja sanonnat usein tekevät. Kekkoslovakia-nimityksen alkuperä on toden- näköisesti lähtöisin Kekkosen aikalaiskriitikoiden kynästä 1960-luvulla. Nimen synty on mahdollista ajoittaa vuoden 1961 noottikriisin jälkeiseen aikaan.1 Kekkoslovakia ilmaantui nuorempien suomalaisten näköpiiriin nuoriso- lehti Suosikin joulukuun numerossa vuonna 1976. Markku Veijalaisen kirjoitta- massa usean sivun artikkelissa Hurriganes – Kekkoslovakian kuningas kerrottiin Hurriganes- kansasta, joka tyytyväisenä asusteli kotoisessa Kekkoslovakiassam- me.2 Tuolloin nimityksessä oli jo voimakas humoristinen leima. Tutkimukseni nimi tulee tästä artikkelista. Kotoisuudestaan huolimatta Kekkoslovakia ei jäänyt pelkästään maan rajo- jen sisäpuolelle. Syksyllä 1966 yhdysvaltalainen journalisti, muun muassa Mos- kovassa kirjeenvaihtajana toiminut Donald S. Connery julkaisi Yhdysvalloissa ja Britanniassa pohjoismaiden politiikkaa ja elämäntapaa esittelevän teok- sen The Scandinavians. Siinä hän Suomea esitellessään mainitsi, että Kekkosen
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