Appendix 9A (iv)
Initial Environmental Examination (DRAFT)
April 2015
IND: Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture and Water Management Investment Program: Tranche 2 Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation Subproject (Tranche-2 Preparation)
IEE & Public Consultation Report (compliant with ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009)
Prepared by Department of Water Resources (DoWR), Project Management Unit (PMU) for the Asian Development Bank.
This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
Department of Water Resources (DoWR) Project Management Unit (PMU)
Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture and Water Management Investment Programme (OIIAWMIP) (ADB Loan No. 2444 and OFID Loan No. 1251-P)
Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation Subproject (Tranche-2 Preparation)
Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) & Public Consultation Report (compliant with ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009)
August 2014
assisted by Institutional Strengthening and Project Management Consultants (ISPMC)
Hydrosult, Division of SNC- Lavalin Inc. in association with Sutra Consulting Pvt. Ltd., SBH Consultants Pvt. Ltd and N.K. Buildcon Pvt. Ltd
IEE & PC MCII 1 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
PREFACE
This “IEE & Public Consultation Report” for the proposed MCII Subproject is intended to comply with the prerequisites for Preparation of Tranche-2 subproject of the OIIAWIMP.
This document, initially drafted during OIIAWIMP (Project 1, Tranche-1) preparations, is updated and revised to comply with ADB Guidelines related to the Safeguard Policy Statement 2009; and to incorporate the suggestions and reflect on comments made by ADB in the Aide Memoire of February 2012, as well as respond to detailed specific IEE requirements in ADB correspondence on 20 February 2012.
A tabular guidance on the responses and compliance with the above mentioned ADB comments/requirements is presented on the following pages.
This Report supersedes the Report on IEE & Public Consultation prepared for the proposed Subproject under ADB TA - 4814-INDIA during May 2008 by STUP Consultants.
August 2014 ISPMC
(‘’Compliance to ADB Comments Dated 5 Julyl 2014’table to follow this page)
IEE & PC MCII 2 Compliance to ADB Comments on 5th July 2014 Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation Subproject(MCII)
Reference Comment ADBs Comments EAs Response Number CHAPTER EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Para 1, Pg i NMA1 Please revise para based on my Incorporated with abbreviations comments in my previous IEE's where ever necessary. Minor revisions to Para ix, xii, xv sub para 1a carried out Chapter I INTRODUCTION Para 4 last three lines added
Chapter II Policy Section A Sub section 1 Para 19 ADB SPS related para deleted as mentioned suggested in other IEEs In Para 28 OSG deleted and written as Government of Odisha Para 50 last 2 lines added Para 3, 30 NMA2 Can this IEE be submitted, or it Incorporated see Para 29 last 6 Pg 8 has to be done by a govt line and Para 30 accredited agency -please list out what next steps are required and approximate time frames-and have we started this process Para 10,C NMA3 What about the new act 2013 Incorporated refer Para 50. There Section 48 are 82 LA cases out of which 80 Pg 13 cases are under Section 11 of LA A 1894 were awarded. Only 2 cases pending shall be initiated through direct purchase or new LA Act 2013 only compensation shall be paid according to new act as per Revenue Department Circular LA(A)-46/13 Misc 1862 dated 24.01.14. CHAPTER III.PROJECT DESCRIPTION Para 4 NMA4 What is the present use of these Incorporated see revised para 81 Section 18, 111 acres Section 10, Para 94 bullet 8 last Pg 24 three line revised CHAPTER IV DESCRIPTIPON OF THE ENVIRONMENT Para A 1, NMA5 Same comment I made in Updated with the available latest Section 104 previous IEEs the base line very information kindly refer revised Pg32 old. Tables 13, 16,17,18,19,21,25,26,27,28,29,30, 31 and Fig. 4. Para 108,109,111,152, 153 and 155 modified as per the relevant Reference Comment ADBs Comments EAs Response Number table data Para A11, NMA6 Are there no more recent studies Updated with latest available data Section 125 on this see revised Table 18 & 19 Pg 41 Para D, Sec NMA7 What are the current land use? Incorporated see revised Para 149, Pg 49 You have given ownership but 151 line 5 what is the use/land cover there presently CHAPTER V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATIONMEASURES Para B NMA8 As per ADBs SPS affected Incorporated with additional Section 120 persons have to be fully information see revised Para 162 compensated before their bullet 1 and Para 163 bullet 2 last displaced -is this being done 5 lines Revised Para 168 last three lines as per comments from other IEEs Para 3, NMA9 True ? They are to be resettled Incorporated see revised para 173 Section and we say no measures? lines 3 to 6 revised 171, Pg 59 Para 175 bullet 1 & 5 revised Para 3 NMA10 Please describe what these Incorporated see revised Para Section 176 measure are? 178 bullet 9, 4th line. Pg 60 Para 3 NMA11 What about rehabilitation of Incorporated see revised Para Section 176 borrow pits after use? 120 sub section b last bullet Pg 60 added Para 178 bullet 11 added Revised Para 181 bullet 4 & 5 revised based on comments from other IEEs Revised Para 184 bullet 2 & 3 Para 3 g NMA12 What about the impact of The present pesticide usage in Section increase in irrigation resulting in the command area is negligible as 189, Pg 63 increased use in there is nearly under rainfed pesticides/herbicides etc? conditions, even in the irrigated areas of Odisha the pesticide usage for the year 2011 -2012 is only 148 grms / hectare which is negligible. Hence there wont be any impact that may arise due to irrigation Para 3 g NMA13 Well not necessary- it may be The line deleted see revised Para Section more green, but not necessarily 193 191, Pg 63 enhance the environment-see comment above. Para 3 g NMA14 You are displacing over 1400 Revised and updated with Section people- so we cannot say it is additional information see Para 192, Pg 63 positive. 194 bullet 2 & 3 added Para 3 g NMA 15 Over 1200-please cross refer to Para 195 bullet 1 to3 added, bullet Section the resettlement plan prepares 7 last line added and bullet 11 & 192, Pg 64 stating that it has been covered 12 modified under that Reference Comment ADBs Comments EAs Response Number Para 3 g NMA17 Please state clearly is it person or Section families-it makes a huge 192, Pg 64 difference if it is 1150 persons Vs families Revised some lines as per comments from other IEEs. Para 198 last 4 lines added Para 202 & 203 modified Para 204 line 5 to 9 added Para 209 1 to 3 lines revised CHAPTER VI INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION Para C, NMA 18 And propose a mechanism of Incorporated Table 36 item 7 Section 215 feed back to the community under action proposed Pg 72 Para C, NMA 19 Well unless it is tested they will Yes during sub project Section 215 not know right. implementation soil testing are Pg 72 being proposed the result would be disseminated to PP and cross checked Para C, NMA 20 Should be identified in EMP and Yes incorporated see Para 181 Section 215 impact section bullet 4 & 5 Pg 72 Para 220 last 2 lines added and Para 221 shifted as suggested in other IEEs CHPATER VII GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISMS
Revised and incorporated in Para 222 line 3 & 4 with Environmental Officer and Non – Governmental Organization Para 224 last 3 line added CHAPTER VIII.ENVIRINMENTAL PLAN Revised para 231, 232 last 4 lines, Para 240, 3 bullets; Para E, NMA 21 In addition to the contractor one Incorporated see revised para Section of the engineers from Govt. who 231, Para 242 3 & 4 lines 234, Pg 78 is responsible for the construction supervision should also supervise if Env measures are being implemented Para E, NMA 22 have one- since it is category B Incorporated see Para 243 & 244 Section annual is sufficient but included 238, Pg 78 that quarterly progress report submitted by the PMU to ADB Should include a section on environmental management Reference Comment ADBs Comments EAs Response Number Updated with additional information Table 37 item 1 mitigation measure bullet -2 Item 2 mitigation measure bullet - 3 Item 7 mitigation measure rewritten Para G, NMA 23 Incorporated see revised Table 38. information Table 38 item 5 Pg 85 mitigation measure para 2, Table Para G, NMA 24 In line with the resettlement plan 38, Item 6 mitigation measure last Table 38. prepared for the project. 2 lines added Pg 85 Para G, NMA 25 Include plan for rehabilitation for The borrow area selection criteria Table 39. borrow areas. is presented in Table 58 and the Pg 88 rehabilitation is Incorporated see Table 39 item 2 mitigation measure last 4 line added Para G NMA 26 What about mitigation measures Incorporated see Table 40 item 5 Table 40, to prevent erosion and increasing mitigation measure Pg 91 sediments in the waterways Para G NMA 27 State those measures such as Incorporated see Table 40 item 11 Table 40, regular watering or else the mitigation measure Pg 94 contractor will not implement. Para G NMA 28 Need to expand what are the Incorporates see Table 40 item 16 Table 40, measures the contractor need to mitigation measure Pg 96 adopt to minimize erosion and siltation -use of sand bags/silt traps? Para G NMA 29 Is there sufficient length along Yes main canal and distributaries Table 40, canals to plant that many trees? have sufficient space Pg 99 Para H NMA 30 Cross refer to the annex which list Incorporate see revised Table 42 Table 42, out these parameters and Table 44 showing details of Pg 103 stage wise reduced frequency and Para H NMA 31 As stated in my previous IEEs the cost. Table 42, responsibility of getting this done Since in the BOQ no provision Pg 103 not the laborotory it is the PMU/or made environmental monitoring WRD for post and pre project like testing of water and silt are phases. the responsibility of SIO / PMU even during construction and post The contractor shall be responsible for other environmental safeguard issues like dust suppression, haulage road maintenance, borrow area and safety aspects.
Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Abbreviations EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i to ix I. INTRODUCTION I A. Overview 1 B. Sub Project Location 2 C. Brief Description of the Project 3 D. Purpose of the Report 4 E. The Study Methodology 5 F. Structure of IEE Report 5 II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 6 A. Mandatory Requirements (Funding Agency) 6 B. Mandatory Requirements (National) 7 C. Clearances required for the subproject 15 III. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 17 A. Type and Need of the Project 17 B. Category of the project 18 C. Location 19 D. Scope of work 19 E. Description of the Subproject - Scheme Development History 19 F. Description of the Canal System and Scope of Work 21 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 31 A. Physical Resources 31 B. Ecological Resources 44 C. Economic Development 47 D. Social and Cultural Resources Population and Communities 49 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL MPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 53 A. General 53 B. Sub Project Activities: 53 C. Possible Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures 53 VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 70 A. General 70 B. Stages and Level of consultation 70 C. Future Consultation and Disclosure 75 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISMS 76 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 77 A General 77 B Institutional Arrangement 77 C Institutional Strengthening and Project Management Consultants (ISPMC) 78 D Responsible for carrying out monitoring measures - Staffing Requirements 79 . Environmental Monitoring Plan 104 L. Strengthening Environmental Knowledge & Management Capability 109 IX. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 112 X. CONCLUSION 113
LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF ANNEXURE PHOTO PLATES
IEE & PC MCII 3 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 1 LIST OF NATIONAL PARKS AND SANCTUARIES IN OIIAWMP AREA ...... 11 TABLE 2 LAND ACQUISITION REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUBPROJECT………………………………………………...18 TABLE 3 SALIENT FEATURES OF THE MCII SUBPROJECT ...... 20 TABLE 4 STATUS OF AREA DEVELOPED UNDER EACH CANAL SYSTEM OF MCII ...... 21 TABLE 5 STATUS OF STRUCTURES COMPLETED FOR MCII SUBPROJECT – MAIN CANAL ...... 21 TABLE 6 STATUS OF STRUCTURES COMPLETED FOR MCII SUBPROJECT – MINOR & SUB MINOR CANALS ...... 22 TABLE 7: SHOWING CANAL CATEGORIZATION ...... 23 TABLE 8 WIDTH OF LAND ACQUIRED FOR DIFFERENT CANALS: ...... 24 TABLE 9 EXISTING STRUCTURES AND TO BE COMPLETED STRUCTURES ...... 24 TABLE 10: LIST OF PROPOSED STRUCTURES FOR CRBC AND ITS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ...... 25 TABLE 11: EXISTING STRUCTURES AND TO BE COMPLETED STRUCTURES ...... 26 TABLE 12: LIST OF PROPOSED STRUCTURES FOR PLBC AND ITS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM...... 27 TABLE 13: : RAINFALL DATA, 2004 - 2013 ...... 32 TABLE 14: MEAN MONTHLY TEMPERATURES AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY, CUTTACK DISTRICT ...... 32 TABLE 15: : TYPES OF SOIL IN COMMAND AREA ...... 34 TABLE 16: : LAND USE PATTERNS IN CUTTACK, JAGATSINGPUR AND KENDRAPARA DISTRICTS ...... 34 TABLE 17: LIST OF PAST FLOOD AND AREA DAMAGED BY FLOOD IN MAHANADI BASIN ...... 36 TABLE 18: WATER QUALITY MAHANADI RIVER BASIN ...... 40 TABLE 19: BIOMONITORING OF RIVER MAHANADI ...... 41 TABLE 20: INDIAN STANDARD FOR THE SURFACE WATER (CPCB STANDARD) ...... 42 TABLE 21: WATER QUALITY OF MAHANADI & TALADANDA CANAL NEAR CUTTACK ...... 43 TABLE 22: : GROUNDWATER UTILIZATION WITHIN THE ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCKS OF MCII AREA ...... 44 TABLE 23: GROUND WATER QUALITY OF CUTTACK CITY ...... 44 TABLE 24: FAUNA OF THE STUDY AREA AND IUCN STATUS ...... 45 TABLE 25: FOREST COVER IN CUTTACK, JAGATSINGPUR AND KENDRAPARA DISTRICT ...... 46 TABLE 26: SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES IN CUTTACK DISTRICT ...... 48 TABLE 27: SMALL SCALE, COTTAGE AND HANDLOOM INDUSTRIES IN CUTTACK, JAGATSINGHPUR AND KENDRA PARA DISTRICTS ...... 48 TABLE 28: LENGTH OF DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF ROADS IN CUTACK, JAGATSINPUR AND KENDRAPARA DISTRICT ...... 49 TABLE 29: DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERN OF CUTTACK DISTRICT ...... 50 TABLE 30: DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERN OF JAGATSINGHPUR DISTRICT ...... 50 TABLE 31: DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERN OF KENDRAPARA DISTRICT ...... 51 TABLE 32: POPULATION DETAILS OF THE BLOCKS COVERED UNDER THE PROJECT ...... 51 TABLE 33: : SHOWING THE APPROXIMATE QUANTITIES OF MATERIAL REQUIRED FOR THE SUB-PROJECT ...... 57 TABLE 34 METHODS OF CONSULTATIONS ...... 71 TABLE 35 ISSUES OF PUBLIC CONSULTATION EMERGED DURING RESETTLEMENT PLAN PREPARATION ...... 71 TABLE 36 FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS ISSUES AND ACTIONS TAKEN ...... 73 TABLE 37:: ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS CHECKLIST FOR ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES FOR MCII SUB-PROJECT - PRE CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY (IMPACTS DUE TO LOCATION)-ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN ...... 82 TABLE 38: ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS CHECKLIST FOR ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES FOR MCII SUB-PROJECT - PRE CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY (IMPACTS DURING DESIGN AND SURVEY) - ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN ...... 86 TABLE 39: ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS CHECKLIST FOR ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES FOR MCII SUB-PROJECT (DISTRIBUTARIES, MINORS & SUB MINORS EXECUTED BY CONTRACTORS) - PRE CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY (CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTOR) - ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN...... 89 TABLE 40: ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS CHECKLIST FOR ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES FOR MCII SUB-PROJECT (DISTRIBUTARIES MINORS AND SUB MINORS EXECUTED BY CONTRACTORS) - CONSTRUCTION PHASE - ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN ...... 92 TABLE 41: ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS CHECKLIST FOR ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES FOR MCII SUB-PROJECT – OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PHASE - ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN ...... 102 TABLE 42:SHOWING THE SUGGESTED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ...... 105 TABLE 43: SHOWING THE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS ...... 107
IEE & PC MCII 4 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
TABLE 44: SHOWING ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING COST ...... 109 TABLE 45: : PROPOSED TRAINING MODULE FOR CAPACITY BUILDING OF SIO AND WUAS ...... 110 TABLE 46:SHOWING THE TRAINING BUDGET ...... 111
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1: LOCATION MAP ...... 2 FIGURE 2: SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF MCII CANAL SYSTEM………………………………………………………….17 FIGURE 3 : MONTHLY RAINFALL AND EVAPORATION ...... 33 FIGURE 4: LAND USE PATTERN IN CUTTACK, JAGATSINGHPUR & KENDRAPARA DISTRICTS ...... 35 FIGURE 5 : EARTH QUAKE ZONES OF ODISHA ...... 35 FIGURE 6: EUCALYPTUS REFORESTATION UNDERTAKEN BY THE DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY ……………………….46 FIGURE 7: KILIPAL FOREST IN THE BACKGROUND ...... 47 FIGURE 8: EUCALYPTUS AND ACACIA REFORESTATION PROGRAMMES UNDERTAKEN BY THE DEPARTMENT OF FOREST ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….47 FIGURE 9 : ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF THE DOWR FOR THE OIIAWMIP PROJECT ...... 77 FIGURE 10: ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC CONSULTATION PARTICIPANTS ...... 137 FIGURE 11: OPINION ON MANAGEMENT OF CANAL BUND PLANTATION ...... 138
IEE & PC MCII 5 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
LIST OF ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE 1: Govt . of India, Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi Office Memorandum ANNEXURE 2: Govt. of India, Planning Commission ( I & CAD), New Delhi, Letter ANNEXURE 3: List of Odisha State Pollution Control Board approved Crushers ANNEXURE 4: Map showing Ayacut area of MCII subproject ANNEXURE 5 Schematic line diagram showing distribution system ANNEXURE 6: New land acquisition – benefitted and affected villages ANNEXURE 6a: Old land acquisition – Possession before 2006 - benefitted and affected villages ANNEXURE 7: Map showing Quarry areas of MCII subproject ANNEXURE 8: Affected Villages type of Grievances collected during Village / Public Consultation ANNEXURE 9: List of Participants during Public Consultation ANNEXURE 10: List of Participants during Latest Public Consultation – Mahenga Village ANNEXURE 10a: List of Participants during Latest Public Consultation – Kalabuda Village ANNEXURE 10b: List of Participants during Public Consultation – Bangari Village ANNEXURE 10c: List of Participants during Latest Public Consultation – Bramhapur Village ANNEXURE 10d: List of Participants during Latest Public Consultation –Danlo Village ANNEXURE 10e: List of Participants during Latest Public Consultation –Bharagola Village ANNEXURE 10f: List of Participants during Latest Public Consultation – Baripala Village ANNEXURE 10g: List of Participants during Latest Public Consultation – Mangarajpur Village ANNEXURE 11: Summary of Public Consultation ANNEXURE 12: List of Participants during Public Consultation – Mahenga Village ANNEXURE 12a: List of Participants during Public Consultation – Kalabuda Village ANNEXURE 12b: List of Participants during Public Consultation – Bangari Village ANNEXURE 12c: List of Participants during Public Consultation – Bramhapur Village ANNEXURE12d: List of Participants during Public Consultation –Danlo Village ANNEXURE 12e: List of Participants during Public Consultation –Bharagola Village ANNEXURE 12f: List of Participants during Public Consultation – Baripala Village ANNEXURE 12g: List of Participants during Public Consultation – Mangarajpur Village ANNEXURE 13 Key persons met ANNEXURE 13a Bibliography ANNEXURE 14: Environmental Monitoring – Check list - Contractors ANNEXURE 15: Parameters for Ground water analysis as per IS : 10500:1991 ANNEXURE 15a: Parameters for Surface water analysis as per IS : 2296 : 1992 ANNEXURE 15b: Parameters for Soil / Silt analysis
IEE & PC MCII 6 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
ABBREVIATIONS
ADB – Asian Development Bank ASI - Archaeological Survey of India BOD – Biological Oxygen Demand CAD - Command Area Development CBO – Community Based Organizations CCA - Cultivable Command Area CD – Cross Drainage CFE - Consent for Establishment CFO - Consent for Operation cm – centimeter CPCB – Central Pollution Control Boards CRBC – Chitropala Right Branch Canal CWC - Central Water Commission DoOWR – Department of Water Resources EA – Environmental Assessment EC - Environmental Clearance EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMC Environmental Monitoring Committee EMP – Environmental Management Plan GOI - Government of India Ha/ ha – hectares HLC - High Level Canal IEE – Initial Environmental Examination IND – India ISPMC Institutional Strengthening and Project Management Consultants IWRM Integrated Water Resource Management km – kilometers LA - Land Acquisition LAA - Land Acquisition Act LS - Longitudinal Section m – meter m3 – cubic meters MCII – Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation MFF - Multi – Tranche Financing Facility mm – millimeters MoEF – Ministry of Environment and Forests NRRP - National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy NWP - National Water Policy O&M - Operation and Maintenance OFD - Onfarm Development Works OIIAWMP – Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture and Water Management Program OP - Operational Procedures OSG – OdishaOdisha State Government PA - Protected Areas PEO – Project Environment Officer PF - Protected Forests PIM - Participatory Irrigation Management PLBC – Paika Left Branch Canal
IEE & PC MCII 7 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
PMU - Project Management Unit PP - Pani Panchayat PPTA – Project Preparatory Technical Assistance RD - Reducing distance RF - Reserved Forest ROW - Right of Way SEIAA - State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority SIO - Subproject Implementation Officer SPCB - State Pollution Control Board SSI – Small Scale Industries WRCP – Water Resources Consolidation Project WUA - Water Users Association
IEE & PC MCII 8 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. PROJECT BACKGROUND i. The “Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture and Water Management Investment Program” (OIIAWMIP) is an initiative by the Department of Water Resources (DoWR) of the Government of Odisha. It is intended to undertake the improvement of irrigation service delivery with Pani Panchayat (PP) empowerment and to enhance the productivity and sustainability of irrigated agriculture, thereby contributing to rural poverty reduction by increasing rural economic growth in the four northern river basins (Brahmani, Baitarani, Burhabalanga, and Subrenerekha river basins) and a part of Mahanadi Delta areas. The Government of Odisha had obtained a multi-tranche financing facility loan from the Asian Development Bank (ADB), titled Multi Financing Facility (MFF) N0. 0022 and Loan No. 2444 India (IND). The loan includes funds for upgrading or undertaking Extension Renovation and Modernisation (ERM) work in 6 major, 9 medium and 4 creek irrigation projects. ii. The “Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture and Water Management Investment Program” (OIIAWMIP) is classified as Category B according to the Environment Policy (2002) of the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Initial environmental examinations (IEEs) were undertaken for two major and three medium irrigation schemes, and two sample community-based minor lift irrigation schemes during the Project Planning and Technical Assistance (PPTA) stage; IEEs for four major and 2 medium were prepared during the Component Technical Assistance (CTA) stage. An Environmental Assessment and Review Framework (EARF) was also prepared during the PPTA stage, to guide the environmental assessment of further subprojects. Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation (MCII) is one of the subprojects included in the PPTA for preparation of IEEs. The present report deals with the Initial Environmental Examination Report for the MCII subproject, as per the new Asian Development Bank (ADB) Safeguard Statement, June, 2009. 2. EXTENT OF THE IEE STUDY iii. The IEE is normally part of the Appraisal Report. However, for the MCII sub- project, an IEE was prepared during PPTA period. This report has been prepared and updated based on the site visits and the completion of ADB’s Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist and updated to meet the requirements of ADBs SPS 2009. 3. METHODOLOGY iv. The general methodology adopted to accomplish the Initial Environmental Examination includes: • Review of legal and statutory requirements; • Review of feasibility study; • Preliminary reconnaissance to identity environmentally sensitive issues relating to the subproject and base line conditions; • Collection of Primary and secondary data; • Stakeholders Consultations; • Identify and assess the potential impacts of the subproject on the base line conditions and recommend mitigation measures to offset the identified adverse impacts;
IEE & PC MCII i Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
• Formulate Environmental Management Plan including review of Institutional set up and • Capacity Building.
4. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT v. The MCII major irrigation sub-project is one of the sub-projects that have been proposed under the OIIAWMIP. The Mahanadi barrage lies between latitude 200.24’.0’’N and longitude 860.57’.30’’E. The command area of MCII canal system lies in between latitude 200.19’.30’’ to 200.28’.30’’ N and longitude 860.03’.30’’ to 860.35’.30’’ E, and is located in Salipur, Kishore Nagar and Nischinta Koeli blocks of Cuttack district, Raghunathpur and Tirtol blocks of the Jagatsinghpur district and Marsaghai and Garadpur blocks of Kendrapara district. Access to the head works at Cuttack is provided by National Highway 5. The main canal can be accessed from the Cuttack-Paradeep road and the branch and minor canals from smaller roads from the Paradeep road. The island has four distinct parts namely first part lying between the rivers Mahanadi and Chitrotpala, the second part between Paika and Chitrotpala, the third part between Paika and Mahanadi and fourth part lying on the east of the National Highway 5A and close to the sea shore. The island has a total area of 23,075 hectares (ha). vi. In 1989 with Planning commission approval the MCII was planned with a Cultivable Command area(CCA) of 19,452 ha originally and subsequently an area of 4200 ha lying at the tail end of canal system was deferred due to water logging problems and the CCA has been restricted to 15342 ha. In 1995 the Government of Odisha launched an irrigation scheme for irrigating 15,342 ha of land in this island complex. Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation (MCII) project was funded by the World Bank and was titled: “Odisha Water Resources Consolidation Project” (OWRCP).
vii. The Ministry of Environment and Forest, GOI has granted Environment Clearance for the project during 1989 vide letter No. J-12011/4/89-IA and there is no forest land was involved. Even Planning Commission during 1989 cleared the sub-project and subsequently during 1995 also under OWRCP for its implementation. (as per Revised Estimate Report to CWC 2008 by DoWR). The present scope of work under Asian Development Bank (ADB) project proposes to focus on the left over stretches and will attempt to complete part of the remaining uncompleted works, thereby providing irrigation water to additional 5,930 ha of presently non-irrigated land. It will use the water of the river Mahanadi diverted by the Kendrapara Canal from the head works across the Mahanadi and Birupa at the delta head of the Mahanadi.
viii. The land acquisition process is under process and precise layout of the distribution network on Chitropala Right Branch Canal (CRBC) and Paika Left Branch Canal (PLBC) needs to be finalized prior to commencement of detailed design. As a result of the proposed investment under OIIAWMIP, 5,930 ha will be brought under irrigation during kharif (monsoon), 4,200ha during rabi, and 700ha during summer covering around 50 new villages and 91 old villages (land acquired before 2006), and the sub-project will benefit around 299 villages (draft revised estimate July 2011 DoWR.
ix. This sub-project MCII requires approx. 111.0 acres of new land acquisition (32.73 acres of govt. land and 78.27 acres of private agricultural land, 12 structures are affected and approx. 1149 numbers of affected persons covering approx 50 villages) as per
IEE & PC MCII ii Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
Resettlement Plan approved by ADB in July 2011 subsequently the area has reduced to 103.14 acres( 84.80 acres of private agricultural land and 18.34 acres of government land affecting 1143 affected persons and 7826 affected population) in addition to 242.89 acres of old land under possession of DoWR acquired before 2006 covering nearly 91 villages, more details are addressed separately in the ADB financed Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation project Land and Livelihood Assistance Plan July 2011 report. The Resettlement Plan implementation proposed budget is Rs. 56.89 million which includes compensation cost, livelihood assistance and RP implementation cost. 5. SCOPE OF WORK x. The Initial Environment Examination(IEE) has been prepared for MCII subproject which covers: The proposed work under the OIIAWMIP pertains to the balance works to be completed will include extension of: (i) Construction of new canal Chitrotpala right branch canal (CRBC) to a length of 11.29 Kilometers ( 15.13 (kilo meters (km) to 26.42 km), (ii) Resectioning of Paika left branch canal(PLBC) to a length of 10.18 km (15 km to 25.18 km), and (iii) Construction of 22 new minor and sub-minor canals in PLBC (totaling a length of 24.400 km) and Construction of 33 new minor and sub-minor in CRBC ( totalling a length of 40.632 km). (iv) (Construction of associated works/ structures, specifically Head regulators, Falls, Cross drainage works , outlets, washing points, animal watering points and access bridges, lining of canal and turfing etc are to be provided (more details are provided in draft revised estimate prepared by DoWR July 2011). (v) These are supplemented by command area development works, which will provide field channels and drains for individual command area under each canal outlet. Development works will also ease localized drainage constrictions within the sub–project area and strengthen/rehabilitate existing embankments as required. (vi) Remaining drainage and flood protection aspects will be addressed by the Odisha State Drainage Master Plan and Flood Master Plan (Raising and Strengthening Embankments), respectively
6. ENVIRONMENTAL CATEGORY OF THE PROJECT xi. This sub- project is also classified as “Category B” as per Environmental Guidelines for Asian Development Bank’s Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009. This project is one of the sub-projects of the PPTA, which were prepared earlier. This sub-project does not have any major environmentally sensitive issues within the existing project area. There are no wild life sanctuaries or national parks, eco-sensitive zones, protected monuments, endangered or exotic species of plants are present in the region. However, this MCII sub-project is an existing approved major project where the balance work of the approved command area is being proposed for development. It requires construction of new branch canals, 9 minors and 42 sub minors covering a command area of 5930 Ha by acquiring approx. 103.14 acres of land in addition to 242.89acres of earlier acquired land in possession of DoWR before 2006.
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xii. The Subproject got environmental clearance during 1989 and subsequently a project level Environmental Management Committee (EMC) was formed as per MoEF requirement. During the period the subproject could not be completed due to pending land acquisition and paucity of funds, since the balance work involves construction of new canals and land acquisition to cover the balance approved command area. So the subproject need to take approval from the EMC constituted for the subproject as well as seek the State level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Odisha as per the provisions of EIA notification 2006. DoWR shall write a letter to EMC as well SEIAA enclosing the Detailed Project Report, Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) clearance letter and RP plan and IEE. The SEIAA shall decide if any additional studies like EIA needed or not.
7. PROJECT ALTERNATIVES xiii. The project has little or no scope for alternatives in terms of locations, as it is an existing initiated project and the scope of the present project is to complete the left over canal systems and apparent structures. For the proposed canals necessary modifications and land acquisition is under process and consultation are being conducted to address and incorporate the necessary suggestion for improving the system efficiency
8. CLEARANCES REQUIRED FOR THE SUBPROJECT
xiv. After reviewing the various applicable environmental acts and statutes, as applicable to Government of India, Govt. of Odisha and ADB some of the clearances that are to be obtained by Sub Project Implementation Officer (SIO- Superintendent Engineer for Major and Executive Engineer for Medium sub project) / Contractor are: • Environmental Clearance -The subproject need to take approval from the Environmental Monitoring Committee (EMC) constituted for the subproject as per MoEF requirement as well as seek the State level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Odisha approval before commencement of any civil work as per the provisions of EIA notification 2006. • Permission from State Forest Department- There are some trees in the newly acquired land and some trees on the existing canal embankment, to the possible extent trees would be saved, if tree cutting is necessary, they require permission from the State DFO for cutting before commencement of the civil work. • Consent from Odisha State Pollution Control Board - All the construction contractors should obtain consent under the water and air act from Odisha State pollution control board before commencement of construction work for the plant and machinery (Hot Mix, Wet Mix Macadam(WMM), Batching, Crusher, Diesel Generator greater than 15 KVA) they establish for the projector if they are procuring from the vendor, the contractor should ensure that the vendors has the requisite consents from the State Pollution Control Board of Odisha. The list of crushers falling under Regional Office Cuttack (Cuttack, Jagatsingpur, Kendrapara and Jajpur) whose consents has been issued by OSPCB, Cuttack as on November 2011 ( information shared ) is enclosed as Annexure- 3.
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• Permissions from Department of Mines and Geology : i. Contractor would obtain permission for transporting the soil from the Department of Mines and Geology or local bodies as applicable, along with the mutual agreement with the land owner in case of private lands. ii. Contractor would obtain permission for extracting boulders before quarrying; if the extraction of the boulder is being procured from the existing quarry/supplier, it shall be ensured that, the requisite license/ lease has been obtained from the concerned Authority. iii. Contractor would obtain permission for extracting sand before quarrying ; if the extraction of boulder is being procured from the existing quarry/supplier, it shall be ensured that the requisite license/ lease has been obtained from the concerned Authority. • Permission from Commissioner of Explosives - If the Contractor stores diesel or stores blasting materials he has to obtain permission or if procuring or executing through vendors he must ensure that the vendor has obtained permission. • Permission from District Health Officer - Contractor would obtain permission for establishing labour camps. • Pollution under Control Certificates - Vehicles and machineries engaged in the construction of the project will comply with the Motors Vehicle act and will be required to obtain pollution under control certificate. • Land Acquisition & Clearance of Encroachments – Land acquisition process is under process, any issues pertaining to pending compensation cases need to cleared before handing over the site to the Contractor and there are some encroachments which need to be addressed as per R & R policy of the government, SIO, DoWR should ensure there won’t be any issues pertaining to the resettlement before handing over the site to the contractor.
9. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS xv. The baseline environmental overview is as follows :
1. Topography- The highest contour in the area is 10m; the land slope in the subproject area is varying from 0 to 10m. a. Climate - The average annual rainfall of the area is 1364 mm, maximum rainfall occurs monsoon period between June to October. The analysis of rain fall data for over 10 years (2004 to 2013) reveal lowest rainfall in 1143 mm in Garadpur block and highest of 1543mm in Nischiintakoli block. However, around 1304 mm is received during monsoon, around 150 mm during pre-monsoon months of February to May and 44mm during post monsoon period November to January. Temperature varies with minimums ranging from 120C to 140 C and maximums from 370C to 440C. b. Geology & Soils - The main soil types found in the study area are alluvial and laterite soil. The alluvial soil is generally found in Niali and Kantapada block of Cuttack district. The texture of this soil is sandy loam, silty loam; clay loam and heavy loam and it is very fertile in nature while the laterite soil is found in Athagarh and Banki block. It is generally hard, infertile and acidic in nature. The depth of the soil in MCII area above bedrock
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ranges between 100 meters to 600 meters in different portions. The subproject falls under earthquake risk zone III i.e. moderate damage risk zone. c. Landuse – MCII canal mainly passes through the agricultural lands, at places it crosses small nallas, district roads and passes adjacent to the settlements in certain sections of the canals. The available existing acquired land for the canal i.e. Right Of Way (ROW) for the main branch canal ranges from 8 to 12 m i.e. 4 to 6 m on either side of the canal centre. Around 242.89 acres of earlier acquired land which is in the possession DoWR shall be used and additional approx. 111 acres of new land is being acquired for the sub- project. d. Agro-climatic condition - The MCII subproject falls in the North-Eastern Coastal Plain” Agro-Climatic Zone of Odisha. The district is primarily an agricultural district but even large scale industrial units are present in Cuttack, Jagatsiinghpur and Kendrapara districts. e. Water Resources - The water quality of the MCII subproject is not monitored. The water quality for Mahanadi river shows that the water quality of Class C or even deteriorates further by not meeting Class C also near the vicinities of the Cuttack town due to the release of untreated effluents from the Cuttack town ship. The Total coliform concentration in canal is higher conforming domestic waste discharges from Cuttack town. Due to the poor quality of the canal water its use for domestic purposes in the command area should be discouraged. For ground water quality is monitored by state pollution control board, it is observed that conductivity and nitrate concentration are within the limits stipulated in Indian drinking water standards but the tail end portion it may differ as it is near to the sea coast. f. Biodiversity – The forest cover of the MCII project districts i.e. Cuttack, Jagatsinghpur and Kendrapara is very less, only 522.39 sq.km, 1,23 and 14.49 sq.km out of which demarcated protected forest is around 102.60 sq.km in Cuttack district, 4,77 in Jagatsingpur and 127.57 sq.km in Kendrapara district. There are no reserved or protected forests in the subproject area. There are no endangered plants in the subproject area the dominant tree species are Anogeissus latifolia, Azadiracta indica, Albizia lebbeck, Buchanania lanjan, Butea monosperma etc., There are no endangered fauna in the subproject area, the fauna found in the area are pea foul, red jungle fowl, red spur fowl, black patridge, grey horn bill, green pigeon and ducks all under least concern category of red data book. There are no government notified core habitations like elephant reserves or sanctuaries with in the area of influence of the project area. g. Demography – The part of the proposed command area is spread over 50 new villages and 91 old villages(covers old acquired land) 5 blocks i.e. two block (Nischintakoili & Cuttack) of Cuttack district, one block (Tirtol) of Jagatsingpur district and two blocks (Garadpur & Marshaghai) of Kendrapara district. The total number of villages covered under the extension portion of the command area are approx. (50 new villages and 91 old acquired villages), covering an additional area of 5930 ha. The total population of the blocks covered under the project is around 663045 out of which the Scheduled caste population in the area is 22.52% and Scheduled Tribe population is around 0.94% as per 2001 census.
10. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES: xvi. The potential positive and negative impacts were identified in relation to design, construction and operation for the proposed renovation works. The negative environmental
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impacts, both direct and indirect, associated with the project location and mitigative measures, and the impacts arising due to the construction phase of the project will be temporary and short term in nature. xvii. The direct and short term impacts concern the implementation stage of the works which can be mitigable with EMP implementation. Mitigation reduce measures have been developed to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels. Special measures like land acquisition and compensation, dust suppression measures, traffic management and safety measures for workers have been addressed in the EMP 11. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION xviii. In the most recent notification of the Ministry of Environment and Forests of 14 September 2006, (referred to in section III E of this IEE) modernization of irrigation projects does not require Public Consultation. However, Public Consultation and Information Disclosure is an essential element of the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009, and included in the internal project procedures. The processes of stakeholder, public consultation as well as outcome of consultations and information disclosure adopted for the subproject have been developed. • The subproject stake holders of the project include: • Project benefitted communities or stakeholders or Pani Panchayat members, • Institutional stake holders such as Pollution Control Board(PCB), government institutions like Water Resource Department, State Pollution Control Board, etc., • The consultations were carried during initial IEE report preparation and also during revision of IEE report. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were held at Mahenga, Kalabuda, Bangari, Brahmapur, Danlo, Bharagola, Baripala and Managrajpur covering CRBC, PLBC, minors and sub-minors proposed covering head, middle and tail part of village with the help of local non –governmental organization (NGO) active in resettlement and rehabilitation(R& R) issues, SIO staff etc Household surveys are also conducted in selected villages to understand the present problem of irrigation system during IEE report preparation. xix. The consultation and discussions were held with groups of beneficiaries during initial field visits and the preparation of feasibility studies for the core sub-projects. During these discussions, the scheme was discussed with groups of beneficiaries, typically 10 to 20 persons in size, and their views sought and focus group discussions in some villages were conducted to understand the present problem of irrigation system on key issues including (i) anticipated effects of the proposed scheme improvement, (ii) the extent and nature of changes in land use that may occur with improved supplies of irrigation water (iii) presence of any sites of archaeological or cultural importance (iv) land stability in the around the existing scheme (v) potential land use conflicts. .(vi)Issues related to land acquisition and compensation and (vii) issues related to alignment of minors and sub minors xx. The Institutional stake holders that were consulted were: State Pollution Control Board, Regional Office, and Cuttack. The feedback and suggestions obtained from the departments were used in screening the subproject and planning the activities. xxi. Summary findings of Consultation sessions with benefited communities are: xxii. Villagers will cooperate in all aspects for implementation of the prestigious project
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xxiii. Requested for high compensation on loss of land during PP consultation of R & R activities and joint decision taken in common forum to provide best possible price and some expressed pending compensation cases in the earlier acquired portions. xxiv. Some beneficiaries requested for change of alignment of some minors and sub minors if possible xxv. Some villagers expressed some drainage problems in their villages so requested for clearing the drain by clearing weeds and silt xxvi. They will accommodate the short term impacts during construction phase xxvii. They need real help from government side for regular testing of agricultural soil and irrigation water xxviii. Introduction of organic manure, bio-fertilizer and vermin compost will be required. Farmers have no knowledge on beneficial effect of utilization of bio-fertilizer xxix. Environmental awareness program will be required for non use of banned pesticide as well as personal safety during application of pesticide xxx. Solving of drainage problem at water logging area
12. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM xxxi. The grievance mechanism for the subproject has been developed and discussed in the IEE report.
13. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) xxxii. An EMP is mandatory and consists of the following features : (i) Institutional Arrangement required for the subproject; (ii) staffing requirement for environmental management plan (EMP) implementation; (iii) Reporting System and the responsibilities of different institutions involved in EMP implementation (iv) Environmental Monitoring plan with the check list of anticipated impacts and suggested mitigation measures and the responsibility of different institutions and also stages of implementation (v) Suggesting Environmental monitoring plan with showing locations of monitoring, frequency and stage of monitoring; (vi) performance indicators for the subproject (vii) Environmental Monitoring and Management Costs and (viii) Capacity building requirements.
14. RECOMMENDATION xxxiii. Recommends the subproject to be rated Category B for the following reasons: (i) There are no significant adverse impacts associated with this project in the local environmental condition due to construction and operation of the project. However the subproject got environmental clearance during 1989 and subsequently a project level Environmental Management Committee (EMC) was formed as per MoEF requirement. During the period the subproject could not be completed due to pending land acquisition and paucity of funds, since the balance work involves construction of new canals and land acquisition to cover the balance approved command area. So the subproject need to take approval from the EMC constituted for the subproject as well as seek the State level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Odisha as per the provisions of EIA notification 2006. In addition, the project is expected to improve irrigation facilities and enhance economic growth of the area; (ii) Increased irrigation will also help in planting of more trees thereby
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increasing the environmental conditions of the area adding to the greenery and general aesthetics of the area; (iii) The indirect benefits of the project will be lowered levels of out migration as the communities will have more opportunity of securing income from within the village; (iv) There will be growth in living standard of people, which will encourage proper education, social awareness, health facility and prosperity amongst the people; (v) The IEE clearly states in its findings that there will be no significant impact in the local environmental condition due to construction and operation of the project and preference shall be given to the local labour for carrying out the work. xxxiv. Any impact associated with the project activities will be minor in nature and will be restricted only during construction phase of the project. Resettlement and land acquisition issues are the major issues which need to be addressed properly, rechecking of alignment if necessary as suggested by some of stakeholders during public consultation and adequate safety, dust suppression measures and traffic management need to be taken up by the contractor while executing the construction works canal crosses nullahs and roads and the road is on the river embankment, there are many village road bridges(VRBs) across this canal to access country side. Clearing of weeds and grasses involving community and awareness raising about the impacts of weeds during operation phase will enhance system efficiency. Scope for increased levels in ground water increase in soil salinity, increased levels of insecticides and pesticides might be some of the impacts need to be monitored during project operation. Increased ground water level is a beneficial impact and hence no mitigation measures are recommended. It is suggested that local villagers should be educated through pani panchayat after the their formation about crop diversification, rational use of water, chemical fertilizers and pesticides to reduce soil salinity and protect surface and ground water quality.
15. CONCLUSION xxxv. The IEE has assessed potential environmental impacts associated with the subproject. There are no adverse impacts that are significant and complex in nature expected from implementation of this subproject. xxxvi. The project is likely to cause significant improvements in the livelihood of rural people in the region through higher and more stable incomes that will outweigh negative impacts that may occur. xxxvii. IEE assessment confirmed the subproject Category B classification as per ADB SPS 2009. The Subproject got environmental clearance during 1989 and subsequently a project level Environmental Management Committee (EMC) was formed as per MoEF requirement. During the period the subproject could not be completed due to pending land acquisition and paucity of funds, since the balance work involves construction of new canals and land acquisition to cover the balance approved command area. So the subproject need to take approval from the EMC constituted for the subproject as well as seek the State level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Odisha as per the provisions of EIA notification 2006 The project will require environmental clearance from State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) approval as per EIA notification dated September 14, 2006 as there is 5930 ha of balance command area being developed involving formation new minor and sub minor canals by acquiring approx. 103.14 acres of new land and water drawn from the river. xxxviii. Overall, the irrigation facility will serve as a backbone for developmental activities in the area.
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I. INTRODUCTION
A. Overview
a. Overview
2. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has agreed with national and state governments to fund the project in Odisha, which will include support for irrigated agriculture development and integrated water resources management with a a loan of $189 million in the form of a sector loan to utilize multi-tranche financing facility (MFF). The Government of India is promoting state-level sector reforms through its National Water Policy (NWP) 1987 and 2002, which advocates PIM and IWRM to promote and sustain more efficient water use.
3. To support the process, in the late 1990s, the Government of Odisha has started gradually developed the policy, planning and institutional basis for the irrigation and water resources. Specific steps taken include (i) promulgation of the State Water Policy and State Water Plan adopting Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) and Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) principles, (ii) establishment of a legal framework for WUAs, (iii) substantial increase in the water tariff and O&M financing, and (iv) capacity strengthening of the Department of Water Resources (DoWR).
4. As an effort towards attaining these objectives had applied for MFF No. 0022 and Loan No 2444 IND and as a result has started “Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture and Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP) to be implemented under different tranches. The project has a wider objective to improve the irrigation service delivery with Pani Panchayat (PP) empowerment to enhance the productivity and sustainability of irrigated agriculture, thereby contributing to rural poverty reduction by increasing rural economic growth and reduce poverty in the four northern river basins (Brahmani, Baitarani, Burhabalanga, and Subrenerekha river basins) and a part of Mahanadi Delta areas. The executing agency is the Department of Water Resources (DoWR). ). The DoWR, Odihsa will be the implementing agency and the projects are operated through a Project Management Unit (PMU), and the works will be outsourced to private contractors selected under National Competitive Bidding.
5. The project will assist in preparation of operation plans and procedures and an improved canal operation PME system to provide canal managers with (minimal) data. Assistance for O&M, and regular training, will continue during and after system ERM to facilitate adoption of improved procedures by both the DoWR managers and Pani Panchayts (PPs).
6. The major components of the OIIAWMP include: the rehabilitation of irrigation systems within five major river basins, namely the Subernarekha, Burhabalang, Mahanadi, Baitarani and Brahmani covering a total area of 300,407 ha; supporting the practical implementation of integrated water resources management using a river basin approach;
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strengthening the capacity of irrigation water delivery agencies; promoting participatory irrigation management through water user association; Supporting improvements in the quality of and access to agricultural support services. B. Sub Project Location
7. The head works of the Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation (MCII) subproject are located near the city of Cuttack, approximately 30 kilometers (km) from the State capital, Bhubaneswar. The head work consists of three barrages: Mahanadi barrage, Naraj barrage and Birupa barrage with head regulators for three main canals: Taladanda, Kendrapara and HLC-I. The Kendrapara canal is the parent canal for the MCII Project and starts from the left of the Mahanadi barrage at Cuttack. The Mahanadi barrage lies between latitude 200.24’.0’’N and longitude 860.57’.30’’EThe command area of MCII canal system lies in between latitude 200.19’.30’’ to 200.28’.30N and longitude 860.03’.30’’ to 860.35’.30’’E, and is located in Salipur, Kishore Nagar and Nischinta Koeli blocks of Cuttack district, Raghunathpur and Tirtol blocks of the Jagatsinghpur district and Marsaghai and Garadpur blocks of Kendrapara district. Access to the head works at Cuttack is provided by National Highway 5. The main canal is nearer to Cuttack-Paradeep Road and the branch and minor canals from smaller roads from the Kendrapara Road. Figure 1 below shows the general project location within Odisha State and the specific MCII Irrigation Scheme area. Figure 1: Location Map
8. The irrigation system in Cuttack district of Odisha was initiated in 1868 and at that time consisted of the construction of a coastal canal and three high level canals to
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provide irrigation to 80,000 hectares (ha) of land during the kharif season. Much later in 1957 the Mahanadi delta stage I irrigation system was initiated by extending the Kharif irrigation to 0.167 million ha in the Mahanadi delta through construction of the Hirakud dam and allied irrigation infrastructure. At this time the Mahanadi delta irrigation system did not cover the Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island area. In 1995 the Government of Odisha launched an irrigation scheme for irrigating 15,342 ha of land in this island complex. This project was funded by the World Bank and was titled: “Odisha Water Resources Consolidation Project” (OWRCP). Unfortunately, largely due to delays associated with land acquisition, stretches of the implementation of the WRCP - Mahanadi Chitropala Island Irrigation (MCII) project could not be completed. For the completed sections presently irrigated area totals to 7,287 ha (Revised Estimate of MCII Report July 2011) leaving a balance of 7442 ha due to paucity of funds.
9. The Ministry of Environment and Forest, GOI has granted Environment Clearance for the project during 1989 vide letter No. J-12011/4/89-IA (Annexure 1) and no forest land was involved. Even Planning Commission during 1989 cleared the sub-project (Annexure -2) and subsequently during 1995 also under OWRCP for its implementation. (as per Revised Estimate Report to CWC 2008 by DoWR). The present scope of work under Asian Development Bank (ADB) project proposes to focus on the left over stretches and will attempt to complete part of the remaining uncompleted works, thereby providing irrigation water to additional 5,930ha of presently non-irrigated land. It will use the water of the river Mahanadi diverted by the Kendrapara Canal from the head works across the Mahanadi and Birupa at the delta head of the Mahanadi.
C. Brief Description of the Project
10. The following works of the MCII project components under the WRCP.
11. Mahanadi, Naraj and Birupa barrage on Mahandi River; (i) Kendrapara Main Canal of length 62.314 km; (ii) A link canal off-taking at RD 11.625 km. of Kendrapara main canal with a length of 8.68 Km; (iii) A syphon cum bridge across Chitrotpala at Harichandanpur, where the link canal enters into the Mahanadi-Chitrotpala island; (iv) The sub divisions of link canal namely, Chitrotpala right canal head regulator the Mahanadi left canal head regulator (v) The Chitrotpala right canal (15.2km) and 10 minors and 3 sub-minors; (vi) The Mahanadi left canal (28.8km) and 5 minors and 18 sub-minors; (vii) A siphon cum bridge across Paika near village Krishnanandpur; (viii) Mahanadi left distributary (11.7km) with 9 minors, and Mahanadi left branch (11.5km) with 10 minors (ix) Paika right distributary (20.5km) with 6 minor canals; (x) Paika left branch canal (25.2km) with 4 minors and 16 sub-minors
12. The proposed work under the OIIAWMIP pertains to the balance works to be completed will include extension of (i) Construction of new canal Chitrotpala right branch canal (CRBC) to a length of 11.29 km ( 15.13 km to 26.42 km), (ii) Resectioning of Paika left branch canal(PLBC) to a length of 10.18 km (15 km to
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25.18 km), and (iii) Construction of 22 new minor and sub-minor canals in PLBC (totaling a length of 24.400 km) and Construction of 33 new minor and sub-minor in CRBC ( totaling a length of 40.632 km). (iv) Construction of associated works/ structures, specifically Head regulators, Falls, Cross drainage works , outlets, washing points, animal watering points and access bridges, lining of canal and turfing etc are to be provided (more details are provided in draft revised estimate prepared by DoWR July 2011). These are supplemented by command area development works, which will provide field channels and drains for individual command area under each canal outlet. Development works will also ease localized drainage constrictions within the sub–project area and strengthen/rehabilitate existing embankments as required. Remaining drainage and flood protection aspects will be addressed by the Odisha State Drainage Master Plan and Flood Master Plan (Raising and Strengthening Embankments), respectively.
13. The land acquisition process is under process and precise layout of the distribution network on Chitropala Right Branch Canal (CRBC) and Paika Left Branch Canal (PLBC) needs to be finalized prior to commencement of detailed design. As a result of the proposed investment under OIIAWMIP, 5,930 ha will be brought under irrigation during kharif (monsoon), 4,200ha during rabi, and 700ha during summer covering around 50 new villages and 91 old villages (land acquired before 2006), and the sub-project will benefit around 299 villages (draft revised estimate July 2011 DoWR) .
D. Purpose of the Report
14. The Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report investigates the environmental impacts based on the preliminary design and estimates. It is mandatory that the sub- project considered for implementation complies with all relevant environmental requirements of the Government of India, the State Government of Odisha, and ADB’s safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) 2009. The Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification of 2006, Govt. of India is the basis for environmental assessment. The expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities listed in the Schedule to this notification with addition of capacity beyond the limits specified for the concerned sector, project or activities which cross the threshold limits given in the Schedule, after expansion or modernization require environmental clearance.
15. As this sub-project involves approx. 111.0 acres of new land acquisition as per the RP approved by ADB during July 2011 and subsequently reduced to 103.14 acres( 84.80 private agricultural land and 18.34 acres of government land) in addition to the 242.89acres of earlier acquired land which is in the possession of DoWR before 2006, involving construction of one branch canal, 9 minors and 42 sub minors covering an command area of 5930 Ha of balance designed command area, so it require approval from “Environmental Management Committee” approval constituted by MOEF for the sub project as well as approval from Odisha State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA).
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E. The Study Methodology
16. The IEE study involved field visits to the project site in November 20061 by DOWR and the relevant Project Preparatory Technical Assistance (PPTA) consultants including an international irrigation specialist, a national participatory irrigation specialist, and a national environment specialist to assess the present condition of the system, level of intervention required and additional area to be covered under this scheme. The data to establish the baseline environmental status of the project was collected from various secondary sources including published literature (reports, official web sites etc) and verified during meetings with key personnel. A full list of individuals met is given in Annexure 8, 9, 9a to 9g and sources of data consulted provided in Annexure 12. Public consultations were undertaken at Bantala village in Kendrapada district in the project area. The village is located at the tail end of the project and comprises some of the most vulnerable groups of people who are the most adversely affected due to non availability of irrigation water. Subsequently the IEE report was revised and updated as per the ADB Safeguard 2009 requirements in September 2012. . F. Structure of IEE Report
17. In line with the ADB’s SPS 2009, the IEE report has 10 chapters. The details are as:
1. Executive Summary: The section deals briefly with the critical facts, significant findings and recommendations. 2. Chapter 1: Introduction This chapter describes with overview of the project, purpose of the report, study methodology and project location 3. Chapter 2: Policy, Legal and Administrative Frame work for Environment Management chapter provides environmental management and protection policies, regulations as per the Ministry of Environment, Govt. of India, Govt. of Odisha and ADB environmental policies and the required clearance for the subproject. 4. Chapter -3: Description This chapter briefly describes the present condition of the various structures under the MCII irrigation sub project and a description of the proposed engineering recommendations. 5. Chapter 4: Description of the Environment. The section includes baseline conditions for the physical and natural environment, socio economic and demographic profile of the project area. The data presented in the report is gathered from secondary sources. 6. Chapter 5: Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures Chapter describes the extent of the impacts of the project activity on the existing environment. The focus of section is on the adverse impacts however the beneficial impacts are also reported in this chapter. 7. Chapter 6: The Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation chapter gives information on consultation, stages and levels of consultation process and findings of the public consultation conducted in six villages as part of the project. 8. Chapter 7 Grievance Redress Mechanism Chapter provides the proposed mechanism for grievances.
1 A site visit to the scheme was made by the Mission in July 2007 together with DOWR staff.
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9. Chapter 8: Environmental Management Plan Chapter describes the measures recommended for mitigating the adverse impacts arising out of the project. This chapter also emphasizes on the roles and responsibilities, regular monitoring activities, supervision and reporting of monitoring of various environmental components during different phases of the project. 10. Chapter 9 Gives findings and recommendations of the IEE study. 11. Chapter 10 includes the conclusion of the IEE study
II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
18. The environmental management and protection policies, regulations and administrative framework governing the project are reviewed in this section. The review includes sector-specific environmental policies and regulations of the Government of India, State Govt of Odisha, ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement, June, 2009, and the administrative framework of various agencies, such as the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), the Pollution Control Boards and other bodies associated with the implementation of the proposed subproject.
A. Mandatory Requirements (Funding Agency)
1. Asian Development Bank’s Safeguard Policy Statement (June 2009)
19. The following are the requirements under Asian Development Bank’s safeguard policy.
2. Environment Categorization
20. ADB uses a classification system to reflect the significance of a project’s potential environmental impacts. A project’s category is determined by the category of its most environmentally sensitive component, including direct, indirect, cumulative, and induced impacts in the project’s area of influence. Each proposed project is scrutinized as to its type, location, scale, and sensitivity and the magnitude of its potential environmental impacts. Projects are assigned to one of the following four categories based on the Operations Manual Section F1 and Operational Procedures (OP) March 2010:
Category A: Projects with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts which are irreversible, diverse, or unprecedented. An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is required to address significant impacts. Category B: Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of a lesser degree and or significance than those of category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required to determine whether or not significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report. Category C: Projects unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or “IEE is required, although environmental implications are still reviewed.
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Category F1: Projects are classified as category F1, if they involve a credit line though a financial intermediary. The financial intermediary must apply on environmental management system; otherwise all subprojects will result in insignificant impacts.
3. Environmental Management Plan
21. It addresses the potential impacts and risks identified through the process of environmental assessment and the level of details and complexity of the EMP. It identifies impacts and risks and the priority measures and actions that will commensurate with the project.
4. Public Disclosure
22. The IEE summary will be translated in to local language and disclosed to Water Users Association (WUA) level. The copy of the full IEE will be available with subproject Implementation Office (SIO) and Project Management Unit (PMU) and will be made available for the stakeholders as and when asked for. A copy of the IEE Summary will be disclosed through the DOWR website and in ADB website as well.
B. Mandatory Requirements (National)
1. Environmental Regulatory and Policy Framework for Subproject Selection
23. The environmental regulations of the Government of India have laid out various policy guidelines, acts and regulations pertaining to the sustenance of environment. The acts that are applicable to this project are summarized in the sections below.
2. Constitutional Provisions
24. The Constitution of India, in Article 48, of Directive Principles of the State, states that “the state shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard forests and wildlife of the country”. Further Article 51-A (g), of fundamental duties, emphasizes that, “It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures”. These two provisions of the constitution are the guiding principles for the environmental legislation in India.
25. The Government of India has laid down various policy guidelines, regulations, acts and legislations pertaining to the sustainability and protection of the environment and its various components. The statutory requirements for the proposed subproject are discussed briefly in the following paragraphs.
3. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 14th September 2006
26. The Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 is the umbrella legislation providing for the protection of the environment in the country. This act provides the Environment (Protection) Rules, which were formulated in 1986. The Environmental Impact
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Assessment Notification, 1994 and the various amendments thereto have been notified under this act. The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) has enacted a new notification under the Environmental Protection Act, 1986 related to environmental clearance (EC) of the developmental projects with effect from September 14, 2006.
27. According to this notification, developmental projects are classified as category A and Category B based on their size, nature, location and possible environmental impacts. All the projects included in Category A require environmental clearance from the MoEF, Government of India. The list of projects or activities requiring environmental clearance and their categorization is given in the schedule of this notification. According to this notification, expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities listed in the schedule to this notification with addition of capacity beyond the limits specified for the concerned sector, project or activities which cross the threshold limits given in the Schedule after expansion or modernization requires environmental clearance.
28. During discussions held with officials of the department of environment and forests Government of Odisha(GoO). The state department of environment (DOEn) is of the view that new irrigation projects encompassing a command area less than 500 ha need not require EC. In view of this all the new major, medium and minor projects that are likely to increase the command area more than 500 ha and will need an EC from the SEIAA and projects whose command area increases equal to or more than 10,000 ha will need an EC from the central government.
29. This MCII sub-project is an existing approved major project where the balance work of the approved command area is being proposed for development. It requires construction of new branch canal, 9 minors and 42 sub minors covering a command area of 5930 Ha by acquiring approx. 103.14 acres of land. The Subproject got environmental clearance during 1989 and subsequently a project level Environmental Management Committee (EMC) was formed as per MoEF requirement. During the period the subproject could not be completed due to pending land acquisition and paucity of funds, since the balance work involves construction of new canals and land acquisition to cover the balance approved command area. So the subproject need to take approval from the EMC constituted for the subproject as well as seek the State level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Odisha as per the provisions of EIA notification 2006. DoWR shall write a letter explaining the need for the project and activities that are going to taken up to EMC as well to SEIAA enclosing the Detailed Project Report, Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) clearance letter and RP plan and IEE. The SEIAA shall decide if any additional studies like EIA needed or not as this is an existing sub project where EC was obtained. If EIA is needed then DoWR has to hire a Consultant or agency accredited by MoEF.
30. In general the procedure and time frame involved as per the draft guidelines for new River Valley projects states the regulatory authority shall consider the recommendations of the EAC or SEAC concerned and convey its decision to the applicant within 45 days of the receipt of the recommendations of the Expert Appraisal Committee or State Level Expert Appraisal Committee concerned or in other words within one hundred and five days of the receipt of the final Environment Impact Assessment Report, and where Environment Impact Assessment is not
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required, within one hundred and five days of the receipt of the complete application with requisite documents, except as indicated otherwise in the Notification.
4. The Water and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Acts
31. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 resulted in the establishment of the Central and State level Pollution Control Boards, (CPCB and SPCB) whose responsibilities include managing water quality and effluent standards, as well as monitoring water quality, prosecuting offenders and issuing licenses for the construction and operation of developmental projects requiring water as a resource. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, empowers the SPCBs to enforce air quality standards set by the CPCB.
32. During the construction phase of the project, if plants like concrete mixing plants, hot mix plants, crushers, diesel generators etc are installed., will require consent {consent for establishment (CFE) and consent for Operation (CFO)} from the Odisha State Pollution Control Board (OSPCB) pursuant to the Water (Prevention and Control of pollution) Act of 1974, The Water Cess Act of 1977 and the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981.
33. This consent will be taken by the construction contractor. If the contractor is procuring the material from the vendors, he must ensure that the vendor’s have consent from the OSPCB. This would be applicable to all the major, medium and minor sub projects of this loan programme.
5. The Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989
34. The Central Government formulated these rules under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Under Section 7 of these rules it is required that the operator or occupier of a facility dealing with hazardous waste ensures that hazardous waste is packaged in a suitable manner for storage and transport and that the labeling and packaging shall be easily visible and be able to withstand physical conditions and climatic factors.
35. Bituminous and other materials used in construction are considered as hazardous in nature. Section 9 of these Rules also requires that in case of an accident during transportation of hazardous wastes, the operator or occupier of a facility shall immediately report to the SPCB in the prescribed form. This statute applies to the contractor’s if they are involved, in handling (including storing) and transshipment of hazardous bituminous materials during construction or black topping of the project dam roads.
6. The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
36. The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 pertains to the cases of diversion of forest area for non-forestry use. The forest management rules, 2003 provide the guidelines for conversion of forest land for non-forest purposes. According to these rules the process of obtaining forest clearance under the new amendment varies with the legal status of the forestland to be diverted. There are two types of forests namely,
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reserved and protected, whose forest land can be diverted for non forest purposes. Reserved Forest (RF) is an area notified under the provisions of the Indian Forest Act or the State Forest Acts, with a full degree of protection. In Reserved Forest, all activities are prohibited unless permitted. Protected Forest (PF) is an area notified under the provisions of Indian Forest Act or the State Forest Acts with a limited degree of protection. In Protected Forests all activities are permitted unless prohibited by a government notification. It also restricts felling of trees and regulates diversion of forestland for non-forest use.
a In the case of Reserved Forest
(i) If the area of forests to be cleared or diverted exceeds 40 ha then prior permission will be granted by MoEF, GOI, New Delhi. (ii) If the area of forest to be cleared or diverted is between ‘5 to 40’ ha, then the case would be put to the state advisory committee for consideration. The committee after studying the case will make its recommendation to the MoEF, GOI for formal approval. (iii) If the area of forest to be cleared or diverted is below or equal to 5 ha, then the MoEF regional office is empowered to give the approval. (iv) If the area to be clear-felled has a forest density of more than 40%, permission to undertake any work is needed from the Central Government, irrespective of the area to be cleared. b. In the case of Protected Forest
37. The MoEF regional office is empowered to accord Forest clearance for an area up to 5 hectares, which is to be cleared.
The procedure for getting the forest clearance is as follows: (i) The user agency will submit an application to the District Forests Officer (DFO) seeking conversion of forest land for non forests purpose. (ii) The DFO will scrutinize the application and forward it to the state conservator of forests (CFO) with his recommendations. (iii) The state forest department will estimate the cost of compensatory afforestation as twice the cost of area likely to be submerged/ acquired and suggest the user agency to deposit this amount to the state forests department. (iv) The state forests department will also identify the land for compensatory afforestation and submit the application along with a compensatory afforestation plan to the Secretary MoEF, Government of India. (v) The expert committee scrutinizes the application and state government’s proposal for compensatory afforestation. If required, the committee will also under take site visits. (vi) The committee accords approval provided the application and compensatory afforestation proposals are satisfactory
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(vii) The state government submits the compliance report stating the status of implementation of compensatory afforestation plan and conditions given in MoEF’s first stage clearance. (viii) After review of the compliance report MoEF accords formal forest clearance.
38. In this sub-project in the newly acquired land approx. 661 trees ( RAP Report) are going to be affected and there are some trees on the existing branch canal embankment also i.e. within ROW, if any tree need to be cut under unavoidable situation then SIO should obtain permission for tree cutting from the State Forest Department.
7. The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972
39. The Wildlife (protection) Act, 1972 has allowed the government to establish a number of National Parks and Sanctuaries over the past 25 years, to protect and conserve the flora and fauna of the state. The act will be applicable to this project if the command area of any sub project encroach any National Park or Sanctuary which houses habitats of wild animals. The wild life sanctuaries and national parks in the river basins under consideration are given in Table 1 below.
40. This sub projects identified for tranche -2 funding do not fall within these Protected Areas (Pas).
Table 1 List of National Parks and Sanctuaries in OIIAWMP Area
Sl. No. Name of the Protected Area (PA) Area Sq. km. National Parks 1. Bhitarkanika 145.00 2. Similipal 845.70 Sanctuaries 1. Bhitarkanika 672.00 2. Samilipal 2200.00 3. Satakosia Gorge 795.52 4. Hadagarh 191.06 5. Khalasuni 116.00 6. Kuldiha 272.75 7. Gahirmatha (Marine) 1435.00 (Source: Wild life, Odisha, Forest Department, Government of Orrisa, 2004) 41. No wildlife Sanctuaries or Protected areas are present within or near the sub-project area.
8. The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
42. In 1988, the Indian Motor Vehicles Act empowered the State Transport Authority (usually the Road Transport Office) to enforce standards for vehicular pollution and prevention control. The authority also checks emission standards of registered vehicles, collects road taxes, and issues licenses. In August 1997, the Pollution Under Control Certificate (PUC) programme was launched in an attempt to crack down on the vehicular emissions in the States. Since this act is applicable for all states, this will be applicable for this project.
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43. All the vehicles that will be used in construction of the subprojects will have to comply with the PUC norms set down under this act.
9. The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958
44. According to this Act, the area within the radii of 100 meters (m) and 300m from the “protected property” are designated as a “protected area” and “controlled area” respectively. No development activity (including building, mining, excavating, blasting) is permitted in the “protected area” and development activities likely to damage the protected property are not permitted in the “controlled area”, without prior permission of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), if the site/remains/ monuments are protected by ASI. The likely subprojects command area does not have any protected property and therefore, this act will not be applicable for the project. However, there may be a possibility that artifacts of coins, structures, fabrics or any other archaeological relics may be identified during the construction phase. If such a situation would arise this Act would then apply. However, in case of chance finds, the contractors will be required to follow a protocol; as defined in the Environmental Management Plan.
10. Land Acquisition and Resettlement & Rehabilitation:
45. The following acts and policies would be applicable to the sub-projects under OIIAWMIP. a) Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (LAA-1894)
46. In India, compensation for land acquisition (LA) and resettlement assistance for project-affected people is governed by the Land Acquisition Act (LAA), 1894 which has been amended from time to time. Under the Land Acquisition Act of 1894, compensation is paid only to the legal titleholders and does not provide any compensation package to the non-titleholders like encroachers, squatters etc. LAA, as amended in 1984 provides the legal framework for land acquisition for a public purpose in India. It enables the State Government to acquire private lands for a public purpose, and seeks to ensure that no person is deprived of land except under the Act b) National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy, 2007 (NRRP-2007)
47. The National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy, 2007 (NRRP-2007) was adopted by the Government of India in 31st October, 2007 to address development- induced resettlement issues. The policy provides for the basic minimum requirements, and all projects leading to involuntary displacement of people must address the rehabilitation and resettlement issues comprehensively. The State Governments, Public Sector Undertakings or agencies, and other requiring bodies shall be at liberty to put in place greater benefit levels than those prescribed in the NRRP-2007. The principles of this policy may also apply to the rehabilitation and resettlement of persons involuntarily displaced permanently due to any other reason.
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48. The State Government of Odisha in 2006 have framed and adopted a comprehensive resettlement and rehabilitation policy named “The Orissa Resettlement and Rehabilitation Policy, 2006” in order to ensure sustained development through a participatory and transparent process. It shall apply to all those projects, for which acquisition of private land under Land Acquisition Act, 1894 or under any other law's for the time being in force or proclamation inviting objections in case of Government land is notified. This shall also be applicable to all projects for which land is acquired through negotiation under the provisions of this Policy. d). Involuntary Resettlement Policy of Asian Development Bank
49. The Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) of Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) is being followed for preparing this resettlement plan. The main objectives of the ADB policy include:
• to avoid involuntary resettlement wherever possible; • to minimize involuntary resettlement by exploring project and design alternatives; • to enhance, or at least restore, the livelihoods of all affected persons in real terms relative to pre-project levels; and to improve the standards of living of the affected poor and other vulnerable groups
50. This sub-project MCII requires approx. 111.0 acres of new land acquisition (32.73 acres of govt. land and 78.27 acres of private agricultural land as per approved RP by ADB in 2011 subsequently reduced to 103.14 acres( 84.80 private agricultural land and 18.34 acres of government land), 12 structures are affected and approx. 1149 numbers of affected persons reduced to 1143 affected persons covering approx 47 of 50 villages(These are covered under 82 Land acquisition cases) in addition to 242.89 acres of old land under possession of DoWR acquired before 2006, more details are addressed separately in the ADB financed Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation project Land and Livelihood Assistance Plan July 2011 report. The proposed RP budget for the sub project is Rs. 56.89 million which includes compensation cost, Livelihood Assistance and RP implementation cost. Out of the proposed 82 LA cases, 80 cases are in which under Section 11 of LA act 1894 and R& R Policy 2006 as been awarded, and the payments are under progress. Hence, new Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act 2013 will not be applicable for 80 cases. The balance 2 cases will initiated under direct purchase to the possible extent or else new act shall be applicable, so compensation shall be paid as per Revenue Department Circular No. L (A)-46/13(Misc) 1862 dated 24.01.2014
11. Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
51. This Act provides for public liability insurance for the purpose of providing immediate relief to the persons affected by an accident occurring while handling any hazardous substance and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. The transportation of hazardous substances by vehicle use is also included. This statute would apply on the implementers of the Project.
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12. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
52. It is a statutory authority attached to the MoEF located at New Delhi. The main responsibilities of CPCB include the planning and implementation of water and air pollution programmes; advising the Central Government on water and air pollution programmes; setting air and water standards and co-ordinating with the SPCBs.
13. Odisha State Pollution Control Board (OSPCB)
53. The OSPCB is the government agency responsible for ensuring the compliance to relevant standards related to discharges in the environment. The activities of the OSPCB include, planning and executing state level air and water quality initiatives; advising the state government on air, water and industry issues; establishing standards based on National Minimum standards and enforcing and monitoring of all activities within the state under the Air Act, the Water Act and the Cess Act.
14. Applicability of International Environmental Agreements
54. In addition, international conventions such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources2 (IUCN), Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS)3 and Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance4 are applicable for selection and screening of sub-projects under restricted / sensitive areas. India is a party to these conventions.
15. Odisha State Legislations and Acts and Other relevant Guidelines/ Standards
55. Over and above, the project also gives due importance to the Indian standards, norms, guidelines and management procedures related to canal or irrigation projects such as IS 4701 reaffirmed 1995 i.e. Code of Practice for Earth work on canals and IS 4839 (part -1)1992, etc.
56. The Government of India in the Ministry of Labour & Employment has enacted the Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service of the Buildings and other Construction Workers and to provide their safety, health and welfare measures. To enforce the same the Government of Odisha has formulated rules namely the Odisha Building and other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and conditions of Service) Rules, 2002. As per the act Government has to deposit 1 % cess of the cost approved as per the tendered notification. The amount needs to be deducted from the bill at the time of making payment to the contractor.
2 The IUCN provides Red List of Threatened Species which provides comprehensive information on the global conservation status of plants and animal species. The IUCN Red List is applicable for assessing global risk of extinction for species world over. The objective of the list is to highlight and convey the need for species conservation issues to public, policy makers and researchers 3 CMS also known as Bonn Convention, recognized that states must be the protectors of migratory species that live within or pass through their national jurisdictions, and aim to conserve terrestrial, marine and avian migratory species throughout their ranges. Migratory species threatened with extinction are listed on the Appendix I of the Convention. The signatories have to strive towards protecting these species. 4 The convention on Wetlands of International importance ( Ramsar Convention) provides the framework for national action and international cooperation for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources, As per this there are 25 designated wetlands in India, Chilka in Orissa is one among them
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57. According to the Child Labour Act, children at the age of 14 to 18 years, if employed shall not be engages in hazardous working conditions.
58. The constitution of India has provisions for ensuring the health and wellbeing of all employees need to be protected and the state has the duty to ensure protection. For this sub-project, the mitigation measures were based on the World Bank Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines.
16. Orissa minor mineral concession Rules 1990 amended 2004
59. As per the act, no person shall undertake any quarrying operations for the purpose of extraction, collection and /or removal of minor minerals except under and in accordance with terms and conditions of the quarry lease, permit and / or auction sale, various rules which are important and relevant to the project activities are stated below: ¾ Extraction, collection, and / or removal of minor minerals by a person from his own land for normal agricultural operations or other bonafide domestic consumptions shall not be construed as quarrying operations. ¾ The government may have restrictions in granting a quarry lease; for an area upto 5 Ha, the permit and lease should be obtained from Tahasildhar, Revenue Department, Govt. of Odisha and above 5 Ha, from the Sub-Collector, and in the case of Forest Lands, it should be from Divisional Forest Officer and for the Minor minerals other than those specified in item I(1) of Schedule III, regardless of location, from the Mining Officer and Deputy Director of Mines, Department of Steel & Mines. ¾ Chapter II section 14 Sub. Section 8 states the conditions of quarry lease; it states that the lease shall not carry on or be allowed to be carried out on , any quarrying operations at any point with in a distance of: (a). One hundred meters from any railway line, national highway, state highway or any reservoir; or (b) with in a distance of 50 meters from any tank, canal, road (other than National or State highways) except under and under in accordance with the permission of the Collector. ¾ Section 21 and 23 states lessee shall ensure major erosion and observe all such environmental safeguards as provided in the act and in case of granite quarry, proper reclamation should be done with plantation. ¾ It also states if the land leased out is a private land, the lessee shall pay a reasonable compensation, as agreed upon between the lessee and the owner of the land. ¾ It also states that the depth of quarry below the surface shall not exceed six meters.
C. Clearances required for the subproject
60. After reviewing the various applicable environmental acts and statutes, as applicable to Government of India, Govt. of Odisha and ADB some of the clearances that are to be obtained by SIO / Contractor are: • Environmental Clearance -The subproject need to take approval from the Environmental Monitoring Committee (EMC) constituted for the subproject as per MoEF requirement as well as seek the State level Environment Impact Assessment Authority
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(SEIAA), Odisha approval before commencement of any civil work as per the provisions of EIA notification 2006. • Permission from State Forest Department- There are some trees in the newly acquired land and some trees on the existing canal embankment, to the possible extent trees would be saved, if tree cutting is necessary, they require permission from the State DFO for cutting before commencement of the civil work. • Consent from Odisha State Pollution Control Board - All the construction contractors should obtain consent under the water and air act from Odisha State pollution control board before commencement of construction work for the plant and machinery (Hot Mix, WMM, Batching, Crusher, Diesel Generator greater than 15 KVA) they establish for the projector if they are procuring from the vendor, the contractor should ensure that the vendors has the requisite consents from the State Pollution Control Board of Odisha. The list of crushers falling under Regional Office Cuttack (Cuttack, Jagatsingpur, Kendrapara and Jajpur) whose consents has been issued by OSPCB, Cuttack as on November 2011 ( information shared ) is enclosed as Annexure-3. • Permissions from Department of Mines and Geology : iv. Contractor would obtain permission for transporting the soil from the Department of Mines and Geology or local bodies as applicable, along with the mutual agreement with the land owner in case of private lands. v. Contractor would obtain permission for extracting boulders before quarrying; if the extraction of the boulder is being procured from the existing quarry/supplier, it shall be ensured that, the requisite license/ lease has been obtained from the concerned Authority. vi. Contractor would obtain permission for extracting sand before quarrying ; if the extraction of boulder is being procured from the existing quarry/supplier, it shall be ensured that the requisite license/ lease has been obtained from the concerned Authority. • Permission from Commissioner of Explosives - If the Contractor stores diesel or stores blasting materials he has to obtain permission or if procuring or executing through vendors he must ensure that the vendor has obtained permission. • Permission from District Health Officer - Contractor would obtain permission for establishing labour camps. • Pollution under Control Certificates - Vehicles and machineries engaged in the construction of the project will comply with the Motors Vehicle act and will be required to obtain pollution under control certificate. • Land Acquisition & Clearance of Encroachments – Land acquisition process is under process, any issues pertaining to pending compensation cases need to cleared before handing over the site to the Contractor and there are some encroachments which need to be addressed as per R & R policy of the government, SIO, DoWR should ensure there won’t be any issues pertaining to the resettlement before handing over the site to the contractor.
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III. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
A. Type and Need of the Project
61. The headwork’s of the Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation (MCII) subproject are located near the city of Cuttack, approximately 30 kilometers (km) from the State capital, Bhubaneswar. The head work consists of three barrages: Mahanadi barrage, Naraj barrage and Birupa barrage with head regulators for three main canals: Taladanda, Kendrapara and HLC-I. The Kendrapara canal is the parent canal for the MCII Project and starts from the left of the Mahanadi barrage at Cuttack. The Mahanadi barrage lies between latitude 200.24’.0’’N and longitude 860.57’.30’’EThe command area of MCII canal system lies in between latitude 200.19’.30’’ to 200.28’.30N and longitude 860.03’.30’’ to 860.35’.30’’E, and is located in Salipur, Kishore Nagar and Nischinta Koeli blocks of Cuttack district, Raghunathpur and Tirtol blocks of the Jagatsinghpur district and Marsaghai and Garadpur blocks of Kendrapara district. Access to the head works at Cuttack is provided by National Highway 5. The main canal can be accessed from the Cuttack-Kendrapara Road and the branch and minor canals from smaller roads from the Kendrapara Road
62. As explained in Chapter I the project was part of a World Bank funded WRCP project and its implementation was delayed due to delays in land acquisition, procurement and construction. This led to partial completion of MCII by the time the term of WRCP ended. The details works that were fully completed are shown in para 3, whereas the proposed work under the present project are explained in para 4, along with the expected benefit area in para 5 above.
63. The ayacut map of the MCII subproject showing proposed and existing is shown in Annexure 4. sketch map showing the existing components of MCII scheme is given in Figure 2 below and the schematic line diagram showing the existing and proposed system is shown in Annexure 5.
Figure 2: Schematic Diagram of MCII Canal System
HR OF KENDRAPARA HR OF LINK CANAL KENDRAPARA CANAL
LINK CANAL CHITROPTALA SYPHON
MAHANADI LEFT CANAL CHITROTPALA RIGHT CANAL
MAHANADI LEFT DISTRIBUTARY (MLC) (CRC) (MLD)
MAHANADI LEFT BRANCH CHITROTPALA CANAL RIGHT (MLBC) BRANCH CANAL (CRBC)
PAIKA SYPHON
PAIKA LEFT BRANCH PAIKA RIGHT CANAL (PLBC) DISTRIBUTARY (PRD)
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B. Category of the project
64. This sub- project is also classified as “Category B” as per Environmental Guidelines for Asian Development Bank’s Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009. This project is one of the sub-projects of the PPTA, which were prepared earlier. This sub-project does not have any major environmentally sensitive issues within the existing project area. There are no wild life sanctuaries or national parks, eco-sensitive zones, protected monuments, endangered or exotic species of plants are present in the region.
65. The project will involve about 111.00acres of new land acquisition in addition to the earlier acquired land 242.89acres which is already in the possession of DoWR the details are mentioned in the below Table 2, Annexure 6 & 6a and more details pertaining to new land acquisition are mentioned in the Resettlement Plan Report prepared separately in 2011.The RP implementation proposed budget is Rs.56.89 million.
66. However, this MCII sub-project is an existing approved major project where the balance work of the approved command area is being proposed for development. It requires construction of new branch canals, 9 minors and 42 sub minors covering a command area of 5930 Ha by acquiring approx. 111.0 acres and subsequently reduced to 103.14 acres of land additional land in addition to 242.89 acres of old land under possession of DoWR acquired before 2006. The Subproject got environmental clearance during 1989 and subsequently a project level Environmental Management Committee (EMC) was formed as per MoEF requirement. During the period the subproject could not be completed due to pending land acquisition and paucity of funds, since the balance work involves construction of new canals and land acquisition to cover the balance approved command area. So the subproject need to take approval from the EMC constituted for the subproject as well as seek the State level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Odisha as per the provisions of EIA notification 2006.
Table 2 Land Acquisition Requirements for the Subproject Additional land New Land Acquisition details Requirement (in acre) Construction of 22 minors and sub-minors including branch 90.02 canal in CRBC* Construction of 20 minors and sub-minors including branch 20.98 canal in PLBC Total 111.00 Old Land Acquisition - Possession with DoWR details (
Before 2006) PLBC - main 149.50 CRBC - main 46.00 PLBC – minors & sub-minors 6.59 CRBC – minors & sub-minors 40.80 Total 242.89 (Source: RP Report 2011) Note: (actually- 29 canals - 7 canals sub –minor canals were also included under the parent canal- totaling to 22)
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67. The project is classified as category B as per Asian Development Bank, Environmental Guidelines (2003) and also as per ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement June, 2009.
C. Location
68. The Mahanadi barrage lies between latitude 200.24’.0’’N and longitude 860.57’.30’’E. The command area of MCII canal system lies in between latitude 200.19’.30’’ to 200.28’.30’’ N and longitude 860.03’.30’’ to 860.35’.30’’ E, and is located in Salipur, Kishore Nagar and Nischinta Koeli blocks of Cuttack district, Raghunathpur and Tirtol blocks of the Jagatsinghpur district and Marsaghai and Garadpur blocks of Kendrapara district. Access to the head works at Cuttack is provided by National Highway 5. The main canal can be accessed from the Cuttack-Paradeep road and the branch and minor canals from smaller roads from the Paradeep road. The island has four distinct parts namely first part lying between the rivers Mahanadi and Chitrotpala, the second part between Paika and Chitrotpala, the third part between Paika and Mahanadi and fourth part lying on the east of the National Highway 5A and close to the sea shore. The island has a total area of 23,075 hectares.
D. Scope of work
69. The proposed work under the OIIAWMIP pertains to the balance works to be completed will include extension of (i) Construction of new canal Chitrotpala right branch canal (CRBC) to a length of 11.29 km ( 15.13 km to 26.42 km), (ii) Resectioning of Paika left branch canal(PLBC) to a length of 10.18 km (15 km to 25.18 km), and (iii) Construction of 22 new minor and sub-minor canals in PLBC (totaling a length of 24.400 km) and Construction of 33 new minor and sub-minor in CRBC ( totaling a length of 40.632 km). (iv) Construction of associated works/ structures, specifically Head regulators, Falls, Cross drainage works , outlets, washing points, animal watering points and access bridges, lining of canal and turfing etc are to be provided (more details are provided in draft revised estimate prepared by DoWR July 2011). These are supplemented by command area development works, which will provide field channels and drains for individual command area under each canal outlet. Development works will also ease localized drainage constrictions within the sub–project area and strengthen/rehabilitate existing embankments as required. Remaining drainage and flood protection aspects will be addressed by the Odisha State Drainage Master Plan and Flood Master Plan (Raising and Strengthening Embankments), respectively.
E. Description of the Subproject - Scheme Development History
70. The irrigation system in Cuttack district of Odisha was initiated in 1868 and at that time consisted of the construction of a coastal canal and three high level canals to provide irrigation to 80,000 hectares (ha) of land during the kharif season. Much later in 1957 the Mahanadi delta stage I irrigation system was initiated by extending the Kharif irrigation to 0.167 million ha in the Mahanadi delta through construction of the Hirakud dam and allied irrigation infrastructure. At this time the Mahanadi delta irrigation system did not cover the Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island area. In 1989 with Planning commission approval the MCII was planned with a Cultivable Command area(CCA) of 19,452 Ha originally and subsequently an area of 4200 Ha lying at the
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tail end of canal system was deferred due to water logging problems and the CCA has been restricted to 15342 Ha. In 1995 the Government of Odisha launched an irrigation scheme for irrigating 15,342 ha of land in this island complex. Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation (MCII) project was funded by the World Bank and was titled: “Odisha Water Resources Consolidation Project” (OWRCP). Unfortunately, largely due to delays associated with land acquisition, stretches of the implementation of the WRCP - Mahanadi Chitropala Island Irrigation (MCII) project were not completed. The presently irrigated area of the completed sections totals 7,287 ha (Revised Estimate of MCII Report July 2011) leaving a balance of 7442 ha due to paucity of fund. As a result of the proposed investment under OIIAWMIP, 5,930 ha will be brought under irrigation during kharif (monsoon), 4,200ha during rabi, and 700ha during summer covering around 50 villages, and the sub-project will benefit around 299 villages on the whole (draft revised estimate July 2011 DoWR).
1. General
71. The salient features of the subproject are presented in Table 3. Table 3 Salient Features of the MCII subproject Sl.No Description Details 1 Gross Command area 27,920 Ha 2 Cultivable Command area at Present 15,342 Ha (i) Mahanadi Chitrotpala Doab 11230.09 Ha (ii) Mahanadi Paika Doab 4111.91 Ha 4 Canal System I Head discharge capacity of Main canal 26.9 Cumecs Ii Remodeling length of existing Kendrapara 10.435 km Main canal Iii Length of Link canal from Barbodia to 8.679 km Harichandanpur Iv Length of Chitrotpala Right Canal 15.200 km V Length of Distributaris 124.155km 5 Canal Syphon Mahanadi Mahanadi Paika Chitrotpala Syphon Syphon cum cum bridge across bridge across river Chitortpla river Paika (i) Location Harichandanpur Krishnanandapur (ii) Discharge 26.90 Cumecs 5.80 Cumecs (iii) Canal Supply (a) F.S.L U/s 18.10 m 13.26m (b) F.S.L. D/s 16.75m 11.86 m (iv) Drainage Data A H.F Discharge 14156 Cumecs 3567 Cumecs B Angle of Crossing 900 900 C H.F.L 18.45 m 11.60m D Water surface slope 1 in 3660 - (v) Design Data A Length of Syphon 833.50 m 497.6 m B Barrels 1X3.50 m X3.50m 1X2.0m X2.0m C Length of the bridge 780 m 440m
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F. Description of the Canal System and Scope of Work
1. MCII Main Canal
72. The MCII subproject was developed under OWRCP, it consists of 7 main canals covering an area of 15342 ha, the area developed under each canal and ayacut area developed and to be developed is given in Table 4. Table 4 Status of area developed under each canal system of MCII
Sl.No Name of the Canal Area developed Area to be Total Ayacut under OWRCP & developed canal wise non –OWRCP (Ha) (Ha) scheme ( Ha) I Mahanadi Chitrotpala Doab 1 Chitrotpala Right Canal (CRC) 716.31 764.12 1480.43 2 Chitrotpala Right Branch Canal - 4242.13 4242.13 (CRBC)* 3 Mahanadi Left Canal (MLC) 2458.45 886.96 3345.41 4 Paika Left Branch Canal(PLBC)* - 2162.12 2162.12 II Mahanadi Paika Doab 5 Mahanadi Left Branch Canal 1376.03 - 1376.03 (MLBC) 6 Mahanadi Left Distributary (MLD) 1154.47 - 1154.47 7 Paika Right Distributary (PRD) 1581.41 - 1581.41 Total 7286.67 8055.33 15342.00
(Source: Pg. 4 Draft revised Estimate July 2011, DoWR) (Note: * indicates canals proposed under OIIAWMIP subproject). 2. Main Canal Structures
73. The different main canal systems of MCII subproject with different structures that are completed under OWRCP and non-OWRCP period and balance structures to be undertaken are shown in the below Table 5. Table 5 Status of Structures Completed for MCII subproject – Main canal HR/CR/ Escape VRB/FB/WWBCDFall Outlet Sl.No Name of the Canal Total Completed Balance Total Completed BalanceTotal CompletedBalance Total Completed BalanceTotal Completed Balance Chitrotpala Right 1Canal 15 14 133 32 11 1 01 1 00 0 0 2Mahanadi left canal 24 24 0 31 28 3 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mahanadi left 3branch canal 14 14 08 802 2 00 000 0 0 Mahanadi left 4distributary 11 11 0 8 8 0 11 11 0 0 0 0 9 9 0 Paika right 5distributary 6 6 0 19 19 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 42 42 0 Chitrotpala Right 6branch Canal* 28 0 2889 54352 0 21 0 10 0 0 Paika left branch 7canal* 22 13 9 23 18 5 14 3 11 1 1 0 0 0 Total 120 82 38 211 167 44 41 28 13 3 2 1 51 51 0 ( Source:Pg.426, Draft Revised Estimate July 2011, (DoWR), and as per the previous approved original project report, Note: * - indicates proposed canal under OIIWAMIP)
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74. The different main canal systems of MCII subproject with different structures pertaining to distributaries, minor and sub-minors that are completed under OWRCP and non-OWRCP period and balance structures to be undertaken are shown in the below Table 6.
Table 6 Status of Structures Completed for MCII subproject – Minor & sub minor canals
HR/CR/ Escape VRB/FB/WWB CD Fall Outlet Sl.No Name of the Canal Total Completed Balance Total Completed Balance Total CompletedBalance Total Completed Balance Total Completed Balance Chitrotpala Right 1 Canal 67 65 2 19 10 9 14 3 11 6 4 2 61 28 33 2 Mahanadi left canal 135 129 6 32 23 917 12 5 16 12 4 114 40 74 Mahanadi left 3 branch canal 78 78 0 31 31 0 14 14 0 9 9 0 64 19 45 Mahanadi left 4 distributary 21 21 0 12 12 0 4 4 0 5 5 0 43 0 43 Paika right 5 distributary 20 20 0 7 7 0 7 7 0 2 2 0 28 0 28 Chitrotpala Right 6 branch Canal* 116 98 18 41 0 41 18 0 18 21 0 21 90 0 90 Paika left branch 7 canal* 72 57 15 27 0 27 20 0 20 7 0 7 81 0 Total 509 468 41 169 83 86 94 40 54 66 32 34 481 87 313 ( Source:Pg.427, Draft Revised Estimate July 2011, (DoWR), and as per the previous approved original project report, Note: * - indicates proposed canal under OIIWAMIP)
75. Under the present proposal the left over some works proposed under MCII project would be undertaken with ADB assistance i.e. only two canals ayacut will be developed. Out of the CRBC and PLBC designed ayacut area of 6404.25 Ha only 5930 Ha would be covered under the subproject.
76. The proposed work under the OIIAWMIP pertains to the balance works to be completed will include extension of:
(i) Construction of new canal Chitrotpala right branch canal (CRBC) to a length of 11.29 km ( 15.13 km to 26.42 km), (ii) Resectioning of Paika left branch canal(PLBC) to a length of 10.18 km (15 km to 25.18 km), (iii) Construction of 22 new minor and sub-minor canals in PLBC (totaling a length of 24.400 km) and Construction of 29 new minor and sub-minor in CRBC ( totaling a length of 37.837 km) and, (iv) Construction of associated works / structures in the branch canals ( distributaries), minors and sub minors, specifically Head regulators / Cross Regulators, Falls, Cross drainage works, outlets, washing points, animal watering points and access bridges, lining of canal and turfing etc are to be provided (more details are provided in draft revised tentative estimate prepared by DoWR July 2011).
77. These are supplemented by command area development works, which will provide field channels and drains for individual command area under each canal outlet. Development works will also ease localized drainage constrictions within the sub– project area and strengthen/rehabilitate existing embankments as required.
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Remaining drainage and flood protection aspects will be addressed by the Odisha State Drainage Master Plan and Flood Master Plan (Raising and Strengthening Embankments), respectively.
3. Classification of Canals under OIIAWMIP
78. Classification of canals in accordance to discharge is necessary because: (i) the works and O&M of main, branch & distributary canals will remain the responsibility of the DoWR; While (ii) O &M of minors and sub-minor system will become responsibility of the PPs in accordance with the PIM Act, 2002 and Rules, 2003. Canal classification adopted under the OIIAWMIP is in Table 7.
Table 7: Showing Canal Categorization Sl.No Name of Canal Category Discharge Typical O&M of Canal (m3/s) Command Area Responsibility (ha) Main System Infrastructure: O & M DoWR
1 Varies: Main/ Main >10 15,000 to DoWR ( Appex Branch/ Distributary Canal/ 40,000 and Distributary Branch Level PPs Canal 2 Distributary 1.0 - 10.0 1,500 to 15,000
Minor System Infrastructure: O & M (WUAs 3 Distributary/ Minor/ Minor 0.2 – 1.0 250 to 1,500 PP Irrigator 4 Sub-minor/ Water Sub-minor/ 0.04 – 0.20 40 - 250 (Chak) Group courses Water Course On- farm System Infrastructure: O &M by PP ( Irrigator Group) ( Field system only to be developed if desired by PP for warabundi) 5 CAD / Field Channels Field 0.030-0.040 30 – 40 ( Chak / PP Irrigator Channels Sub- Chak Group 6 Lateral 0.010 – 0.030 2 to 8 ( Sub- Farmers Channel Chak
79. In the sub-project as per the above classification it has 2 Nos of Distributaries (Branch Canals i.e. CRBC and PLBC). The CRBC has 5 Nos of minors and 24 No.s of sub-minors offtake and PLBC have 4 no. s of minor and 18 numbers of sub-minors off take.
4. Land use and Right of Way (ROW) of the canal system
80. MCII canal mainly passes through the agricultural lands, at places it crosses small nallas, district roads and passes adjacent to the settlements in certain sections of the canals.
81. The available existing acquired land for the canal i.e. Right Of Way (ROW) for the main branch canal ( distributary ) ranges from 20 m to 25 m including both sides of the canal centre for minors and sub-minors the available ROW is around 8 to 12 m (both sides of the canal). The earlier acquired land of 242.89 in possession with DoWR before 2006 and presently an approx. 111 acres of new land (78.27 acres of
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private agricultural land and 32.73 acres of government land( Gochar, Kabrasthan smashan ghat) as per the RP approved by ADB in July 2011 subsequently reduced to 03.14 acres (84.80 acres of private agricultural land and 18.34 acres of government land covering Gochar, cremation ground etc)spread over in 47 villages is being acquired for the subproject. Resectioning of the existing branch canals has been proposed under this sub-project and construction new branch canal, minors and sub-minors are proposed under the subproject.
Table 8 Width of Land acquired for different canals:
Sl.No Type of Canal Average Acquired land width i.e. ROW of Canals 1 Distributary 20 to 25 m 2 Minors / sub-minors 8 to 12m
5. Distributary System CRBC and PLBC showing Proposed Structures
The present proposal under OIIAWMIP pertains to the two distribution systems CRBC and PLBC
i. Branch Canal CRBC Proposed Structures
82. The original designed length of CRBC (Distributary) was 32.24 km, during WRCP, 0 to 15.13 km was constructed and the balance length of 11.29 km is being proposed under OIIAWMIP (i.e. 15.13 to 26.42 km), the balance portion i.e. 5.82 km from 26.42 to 32. 24 km will be left over for the future development. Land acquisition for some portion of the canal had taken place during WRCP and balance required land for the proposed work is being acquired under the OIIAWMIP. A separate resettlement report has been prepared for more details refer Asian Development Bank Financed Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation Project Land and Livelihood Assistance Plan, Report prepared during July 2011. The different structures that have been completed under WRCP and later and the proposed new structures that are going to be under taken under this proposal is presented in the below Table 9.
Table 9 Existing Structures and to be completed structures
Sl.No Type of Structure Existing Structures Proposed New Number Construction 1 HR 4 20 2 VRB Cum CR 0 1 3 VRB / FB 34 72 4 Fall 0 19 5 CD 0 11 6 VRB cum Fall 0 4 7 Out let 0 110 8 PD 0 10 9 MD 0 5 10 TC 0 31 11 RCC box conduit 0 0 12 Walk way bridge 14 0 (Source: Data provided by SIO Staff, Manijanga)
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(Note: The proposed structures are only tentative since execution has not taken place, based on the field condition and requirement the number may change)
ii. CRBC - Minors and Sub-minors
83. The CRBC has 5 Nos of minors and 25 No.s of sub-minors off take covering a total length of 38.987 km against the proposed designed length of 40.632 km. Originally 33 canals were proposed but only 30 canal are being proposed under the subproject, four sub-minors were dropped covering a length of 1.645 Km due to land acquisition problems as reported by SIO staff. The land acquisition process is under process for these proposed 30 new numbers of canals. An approximate area of 90.02 acres is being acquired in addition to the earlier acquired lands.
84. The LS and DS was approved for the branch canal in the year 2002 from Chief Engineer Drainage, Cuttack, and subsequently got approvals for minor and sub- minor canals. The proposed tentative structures to be constructed under different canals are shown in Table 10.
Table 10: List of Proposed structures for CRBC and its distribution system List of Proposed Structures of CRBC and ITS Distribution System
Length of the canal VRB / VRB VRB/ Sl.No Nam e of the Canal in Km HR FB Fall CD cum Fall Outlet PD M D CR TC Total 1 CRBC 11.29 22 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 27 2 Babujanga sub minor No ‐10.9812020300019 3 Babujanga sub minor No ‐11 0.208 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 3 4 Odakhanda minor ( Sub m inor) 2.87 1 8 0 0 0 7 1 0 0 1 18 5 Parikusumundal sub minor 0.660 011 0 1000 1 4 6 Dulupur sub minor 1.081 121 0 2000 1 8 7 Sangram pur Sub minor 0.631 110 0 1000 1 5 8 Manijanga Minor( Sub‐ m inor) 1.17 1 0 2 1 0 2 1 1 0 1 9 9 Manijanga Sub minor 0.90110 0300016 10 Kahana sub minor 0.151 010 0 1000 1 4 11 Putling sub minor 1.841231 0 4100113 12 Putling sub minor No ‐ II 0.27 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 4 13 N ischinta Sub minor 0.651 220 0 2000 1 8 14 M ishra Narsinghapur Sub minor0.1751000 0100013 15 Chasakhanda sub minor 0.351 000 0 2010 1 5 16 Kharisana sub minor ( m inor) 2.44 1 1 1 0 1 7 1 0 0 1 13 17 Tarada Sub minor 1.170 100 1 3000 1 6 18 Bantala Sub minor 0.921100 1 6010111 19 Andhalo sub minor( M inor) 1.74 1 6 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 1 15 20 Bangalpur Minor 4.381710 010200122 21 Gobindpur Sub minor 0.6750000 0100012 22 Bangari Sub minor 10000 0400015 23 Bajra bana sub minor 1.11200 0201017 24 Bhadalo sub minor 0.931 100 0 3010 1 7 25 Pakhada Minor 4.5681 501 012300123 26 Pakhada sub Minor no‐ 1 1.760111 0 7000212 27 N uapada sub minor 1.6290410 04000110 28 Pakhad sub minor no ‐ II 0.462 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 3 29 N aindipur sub minor 0.11000 0000012 30 Patkura minor 3.031202 0 7100114 31 Jagannathpur sub minor 1.150 101 0 2000 1 5 Total length of canal 38.987 20 50 18 11 3 108 10 5 1 31 256 Dropped canals
1Chrirakab sub minor 0.351 0 0 0 0 10 0 1 3
2 Mahammadpur Sub minor1.1151201 1510 112
3 Mahammadpur Sub minor ‐10.180001000012
(Source: Data provided by SIO Staff, Manijanga)
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iii. Branch Canal PLBC Proposed Structures
85. The original designed length of PLBC (Distributary) was 25.18 km, during WRCP period entire length was constructed, now under the proposal resectioning of the canal system is being proposed from 15 to 25.18 km i.e. 10.18 km. Due to incomplete section carried out earlier presently resectioning is being proposed. Land acquisition for the entire length of the PLBC canal was carried out earlier. The different structures that have been completed under WRCP and later and the proposed new structures that are going to be under taken under this proposal is presented in the below Table 11.
Table 11: Existing Structures and to be completed structures
Sl.No Type of Structure Existing Structures Proposed New Number Construction 1 CR cum bridge 0 0 2 CR cum Escape 0 1 3 CR / Duck bill weir 1 0 4 Fall 1 0 5 CD 3 11 6 Bridges ( VRB) / 18 1VRB + 3 FB FB 7 RCC box Conduit 0 0 8 Outlets 0 6
(Source: Data provided by SIO Staff, Manijanga) (Note: The proposed structures are only tentative since execution has not taken place, based on the field condition and requirement the number may change)
iv. PLBC - Minors and Sub-minors
86. The PLBC has 4 Nos of minors and 18 No.s of sub-minors off take covering a total length of 24.39 km. The land acquisition process is under process for these proposed new 22 numbers of canals. An approximate area of 20.98 acres is being acquired in addition to the earlier acquired lands.
87. The LS and DS was approved earlier. The proposed tentative structures to be constructed under different canals are shown in Table12.
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Table 12: List of Proposed Structures for PLBC and its distribution system List of Proposed Structures of PLBC and ITS Distribution System Length of the canal in VRB cum Sl.No Name of the Canal Km HR VRB / FB Fall CD Fall Outlet PD M D TC Total 1 Alijanga Sub‐ minor 1.50 2 2 0 6011 12 2Raiser Minor 4.450 4 3 0 16011 25 3Narada Sub‐ minor 0.810 1 1 2001 5 4 Kusunpur Sub‐ minor 0.570 1 0 0 2001 4 5 Bhadilo Sub‐ minor 0.420 1 0 2001 4 6 Pundilo Sub‐ minor No ‐I 1.021 1 12 0 3101 10 7 Pundilo Sub‐ minor No ‐II 0.75 1 1 1 0 4 0 0 1 7 8Patsura Sub‐ minor 0.45 0 1 0 2 0 0 1 4 9 Bam ara sub‐ minor No ‐ I 0.420 1 11 0 3011 8 10 Bam ara sub‐ minor No ‐ II 1.170 1 11 0 3011 9 11 Bilaspur Minor 4.580 7 5 0 13011 27 12 Dueli Subminor 0.10 0 1 0001 2 13 Arilo sub‐ minor 0.10 10 0 1001 3 14 Marjita sub‐ minor 0.11 0 0 1001 3 15 M uraripur sub‐ minor 0.121 10 0 1001 4 16 Ukusahi sub‐ minor 0.360 1 1 0 2011 6 17 Anupala Sub‐ minor 0.31 00 0 1011 4 18 Nachhipada m inor 3.505 1 7 0 10 0 12 0 1 1 32 19 Ramchandrapur sub‐ minor 0.571 00 0 2001 4 20 Batira Sub‐ minor 0.451 1 00 0 2011 6 21 Madhusudhanpur Minor 2.1451 4 06 0 6011 19 22 Managrajpur Sub‐ minor 0.51 3 02 0 3001 9
Total 24.39 10 34 5 37 2 87 1 10 22 208 Note: PD ‐ Proportianate Distributor TC ‐ Tail Cluster (Source: Data provided by SIO Staff, Manijanga)
6. Earth work and Turfing
88. Earth work in the distributaries, minors and sub-minors would be carried out for construction of new canals in the CRBC and resectioning of the canals of PLBC and construction new minors and sub-minors. As per the approved canal LS and DS, this involves filling of the earth material, the approx. quantities required in the CRBC & PLBC is 7,32,253 Cum and for minors and sub-minors of CRBC and PLBC it requires approx 5,40,050 Cum. The cutting required in CRBC & PLBC is approx. 1, 29,377 Cum and for minors and sub-minors of CRBC and PLBC it requires approx 13,116 Cum as per the draft revised estimate for MCII sub project July 2011. Approximately 50 % of cutting quantity from the canals shall be reused in the filling material in the main canal and distributary system
89. Provision for compaction of the main canals has been built under the project by Steep foot roller/ Vibratory Roller and the compaction to be done in distributaries, minor and sub-minors by Vibratory roller / steep foot roller.
90. In the sections of the canal where earth work would be completed a provision for turfing 35,500 Sqm including CRBC and PLBC and for the minors and sub minors its 3, 03,200 Sqm has been proposed.
7. Linning 91. As per the stipulations in original approved project proposal by TAC, the CRBC & PLBC is to be constructed as lined canal. Accordingly the LS & DS of these two canals are being revised as lined canal. Under ADB assistance, 11.29 km length of CRBC and 10.18 km of PLBC, totaling to 21.47km is proposed to be lined.
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8. Service roads 92. The canal service roads with black topping to a length of 21.47 Km covering both CRBC and PLBC are proposed for accessibility.
9. Drilling of bore wells 93. Scope for providing bore wells along the canal based on the field requirement, however the present estimate doesn’t provide any budgetary allocation, however during survey and final estimate preparation SIO may keep a provision
10. Construction Materials
94. The below are the list of provisional construction materials that the Contractor may need to procure for the sub-project. The preliminary tentative estimate provides a provision to approximate carriage and conveyance of materials i.e. lead distance involved are given below:
¾ Cement may be procured from a approx. distance of 67 km i.e OSIC, Cuttack. ¾ Steel may be procured from a approx. distance of 67 km i.e Cuttack. ¾ Granite products may be procured from the quarry Haridaspur the lead provided is 98 kms. In addition the tentative list of approved crushers ( State Pollution Control Board )available within the lead distance are as:
Tapti Tie-up Pvt. Ltd.,At : Barada & Dankari,PO – Mahisara,Dist: Jajpur RSS Infrastructure Projects Ltd.,At Dankari., P.O. Mahisara, Dist: Jajpur Chitra Builders (P) Ltd., Plot . No- D-7, At: Ranasinghabati Tahasil- Dharmasala, Dist: Jajpur Anand Exports ( Crusher unit), Nimpalli, Golagaon, Jajpur Rout Stone Crushers, At. Godisahi, Cuttack ¾ Morum / Gravel mayl be procured from Neulpur, 90 km away. ¾ Sand may be procured from a distance of 15 km from Local River. ¾ Bitumen may be procured from a distance of 67 km from Cuttack ¾ RCC Hume Pipes
¾ Earth generated from cutting shall be utilized in filling. The remaining earth quantity shall be procured by the contractor from borrow areas (private lands); the estimate needs to incorporate a provision for hiring earth from private lands The contractor before commencement of works shall identify the borrow areas and take approval from the SIO. The EMP for the subproject stipulates the criteria of selection for borrow areas to avoid any damage to the environment. Contractor would try to procure earth within lead of 5 km of the canal system.
11. Disposal of Debris & Spoil
95. The generated cutting material suitable for the filling would be utilized to the possible extent. The remaining material generated will be tested for suitability and necessary material testing shall be carried out and it shall be utilized in the spoil banks of the existing canal and in the low lying sections of the canal bank with in the available ROW after toe line. However, if any additional material is generated it would be
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disposed by identifying a suitable places like old borrow areas, quarry sites and low lying govt. land identified in consultation with government and by taking appropriate permission from the SIO and competent authority.
12. Access roads 96. The subproject is well connected with ODR and Village roads, the major district roads in the area are Narendrapur to Tyendakuda, this road touches the Cuttack and Kendrapara road, Kalabuda to Bhadilo village and Korua to Garadpur to Tirtol. In addition the Chitrotpala and Paika embankment serves as service road for the canal at many stretches and the river embankment runs parallel to branch canal in the entire stretch. However, the roads are narrow and the proposed new canals runs through agriculture areas there is a need for Haulage roads while working in the stretches.
13. Plantation
97. As per the resettlement survey carried out during land acquisition, there is scope for cutting / removing 661 trees which are within the ROW, only trees which come across canal may be removed. So to compensate the tree loss the subproject shall have a budget i.e. for 2650 trees in the present sub-project area from total budget of plantation. However, to comply to the MoEF clearance conditions the MCII project estimates as per draft revised estimate July 2011 has a provision for planting 5033 trees with a budget of 41.52 lakhs in the estimates. As per the SIO staff an amount of 55.02 lakhs was spent towards plantation to comply with MoEF conditions during WRCP period.
14. Regional Drainage
98. The project area is flat is bounded by the Mahanadi in south, the Chitrotpala River in the North, Bay of Bengal in the east and Cuttack town in the west. There are many drains flowing in between the Mahanadi and Chitropala island area. But the slopes of these drains are flat and the drain sections have been reduced by human interference, through encroachments. It has been observed that during prolonged rains of more than a week with a rain fall of 500 centimeters (cm) or above, the command area gets submerged for a week. It has been observed that during the rainy season, the water table comes as close as 0.5 meter (m) below ground level in the areas nearer to sea. In the Cuttack sadar block, the highest level of ground water is 1.60 m. below ground level. But paddy being the predominant crop in the Kharif, the rise in water table does not cause any harm to crops. Through the project localized blockages of drains will be cleared. The low-lying topography in the delta is such that it is prone to flooding. Although protection embankments have been provided to minimize damage to agricultural lands flooding caused by localized breaches often occurs during high floods. To reduce risk of damage DoWR will shortly implement the Flood Master Plan (Raising and Strengthening Embankments).
15. Existing Drainage System in the MCII project area
99. The existing surface drainage system in the subproject area comprises of Ashrukhala drainage cut. 100. Ashrukhala drainage cut runs between Doab – Chitrotpala River and Paika River, this falls in the sub-project area, it originates from Dhavibil village and out falls into
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Mahanadi River near Bhutmundai through kula sluice after covering a length of 55.92 km. Earlier, during the rainy season the rain water accumulates in the adjacent areas of drain causing acute drainage problem. So this drain was renovated and widened to the design section resulting in free discharge of water.
16. Flood Embankments
101. The MCII command is protected by flood embankments it is covered by Paika river embankment and Chitrotpala river embankment, the subproject passes through flood embankment the left flood embankment of river Paika acts as right embankment of PLBC from 15 km to tail for most of its length.
102. For CRBC, the Chitrotpala right embankment acts a left embankment for CRBC from 0 to 26.42 km for the entire length.
17. Implementation Arrangement
103. Procurement of civil works for the sub-project related to branch canal (distributaries) minors and sub-minors shall be divided into different contract packages and tendered. Water Resources Department through PMU in consultation with the concerned C.E’s/ S.E/E.Es as per the provisions of OPWD code and in line with ADBs procurement policy shall call for tenders and through national competitive bidding, different contractors shall be selected and they will be executing the civil works under the supervision of respective Subproject Implementing Officers (SIOs).
18. Onfarm Development Works (OFD)
104. The onfarm development works include watercourses, field channels and field drains. In the traditional system of irrigation the responsibility of distribution system ends at outlet. So distribution of water beyond the outlets remains the responsibility of the farmers. OFD works under MCII sub-project command area had been contemplated to be taken up separately insteps by Command Area Development (CAD) wing of Water Resources Department separately in consultation with the farmers of the concerned WUAs. The CAD water management activities will be funded by the OSG through the centrally sponsored program (CSP) for CAD works without availing OIIAWMIP funds.
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IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
A. Physical Resources
1. Topography
105. The highest contour in the area is 10m; the land slope in the subproject area is varying from 0 to 10m.
2. Climate
106. The project area has four seasons: summer, monsoon, post monsoon and winter. Minimum temperatures experienced are in the region of: 12oC to 14oC and maximum temperatures reach up to 37oC to 44oC. The average annual rainfall of the area is 1,638 millimeters (mm). About 86 percent of the average annual rainfall or some 1,410 mm occur during the monsoon period from June to October, while 11 percent or 174 mm occur during the pre-monsoon months of February to May, and 3 percent during the post monsoon period from November to January.
107. The coastal zone of Odisha is susceptible to cyclonic depressions originating in the Bay of Bengal during monsoon. In recent years there has been an increase in the frequency of more extreme events, most notably the 1999 “Super Cyclone” which caused widespread damage in the sub-project area.
3. Rainfall
108. States climate is tropical, characterized by high temperature, high humidity, medium to high rainfall and short and mild winters. The normal rainfall of the State is 1451.2 mm. The actual rainfall received, vary from district to district. About 84% of rainfall is received during the period from June to September. Even though the quantum of rainfall is quite high, its distribution during the monsoon period is highly uneven and erratic. As a result, flood, drought and cyclone visit regularly with varying intensity. The frequent occurrence of these natural calamities badly affects the production of kharif rice, the major crop of the State.
109. Rainfall from South West monsoon occurs from early June to October. Rainfall data for the five sub project covered blocks are shown in Table 13 for the period 2004 to 2013. The average annual rainfall in the sub project area is around 1364mm and lowest recorded average was 1143 in Garadpur block of Kendrapara district and highest was in Nischintakoli ( 1543 mm). Rainfall data collected by DoWR at Raghunathpur for 15 years show an average annual distribution is as follows: (i) 1,304mm (87%) during the monsoon (ii) 150mm (10%) during the pre-monsoon months of February to May; and (iii) 44mm (3%) during the post monsoon period from November to January. The average number of rainfall days is around 75 per annum, varying from 91 days in 1998 to just 61 days varying from block to block and year to year..
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110. Analysing the previous rainfall data of 3 rain gauge stations at Cuttack, Tirtol and Raghunathpur, for probability of exceedance at 75%, 50% and 25% levels are 1009mm, 1380mm and 1882mm respectively..
Table 13: : Rainfall Data, 2004 - 2013
Year Cuttack District Jagatsinghpu Kendrapara r Nischintakoili Cuttack Tirtol Marshaghai Gardarpur Sadar 2004 1293 1316 1079 1464.5 1300 2005 1464 2854 1576 1505.5 1586 2006 1476 1402 1380 1379 1342 2007 1761 1523 879 1712 1421 2008 1840 1539 1729 1485.5 1239 2009 1537 1327 1515 1544 1069 2010 1182 931 1204 1272 917 2011 1623 1401 1227 1642 1005 2012 1469 757 835 1230 570 2013 1787 1232 1185 1228 987 Aver 1543.2 1428.2 1260.9 1446.25 1143.6 age ( Source: Office of the Special Relief Commissioner, Bhubaneswar)
111. From1965 – 2012 Odisha experienced nearly 17 droughts. This is in part due to low rainfall in these years, but also due to the erratic nature of rainfall within a year. For example in the 2000 drought year monsoon rainfall was 755mm (58% of the average of 1304 mm) but monthly deviations were June 260 mm (126%), July 172mm (55%), August 180 mm (48%), September 64 mm (28%), October 79 mm (43%). The rainfall pattern caused crop loss and depressed yields. Out of 52 years only 13 years have been normal years, this almost puts the state with a 75% probability of being visited by natural calamity of any kind as per status of agriculture in Odisha, Directorate of Agriculture, Odisha.
4. Temperature and Humidity
112. Temperature varies with monthly average minimums ranging from 12oC to 16oC and maximum from 34oC to 44oC. Relative humidity varies from 67% in summer to 90% during the monsoon. Table 14 shows the mean monthly temperatures and relative humidity.
Table 14: Mean Monthly Temperatures and Relative Humidity, Cuttack District Month Average Temperatures Relative Humidity Max oC Min o C % at 08.30 hrs % at 17.30 hrs
January 34 16 81 61 February 38 19 85 79 March 41 23 83 67 April 43 26 84 67
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May 44 27 79 89 June 43 26 87 79 July 38 26 90 88 August 39 37 89 84 September 41 26 87 83 October 37 24 85 82 November 36 20 85 82 December 34 17 80 79 Source: DoWR, and PPTA calculations
5. Evaporation
113. Class A pan evaporation data is available at Cuttack meteorological station and has been used to estimate crop water requirements.
114. Rainfall and evaporation in Jagatsingpur district is shown in the Figure 3. Evaporation is well above rainfall during Rabi, and the reverse in Kharif.
Figure 3 : Monthly Rainfall and Evaporation
6. Physiography – Geology and Soils Landuse
115. The Mahanadi basin is broadly divided into four main regions namely the northern plateau, the Eastern Ghats, the coastal plain and the erosion plains of the central table land. The MCII project falls in the coastal plain. The Mahanadi delta is mainly covered by alluvium rocks deposited during recent geological era. The main soil types found in the study area are alluvial and laterite soil. The alluvial soil is generally found in Niali and Kantapada block of Cuttack district. The texture of this soil is sandy loam, silty loam; clay loam and heavy loam and it is very fertile in nature while the laterite soil is found in Athagarh and Banki block. It is generally hard, infertile and acidic in nature. The depth of the soil in MCII area above bedrock ranges between 100 meters to 600 meters in different portions. The pH value is normally non-acidic to neutral and hence suitable for good agriculture. The average water holding capacity of the soils is 24-43% with moderately slow or rapid permeability. The lands are well drained with water table below 5 m of ground level. The rate of infiltration is 20-60 mm hr1. In summary, over 73% (or 11,276 ha) of the
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soils of the scheme area are classified as Class I soils which are deep and suited to high yield of wider range of crops.
116. Seven soil series were identified in the command area of MCII project. Details of which are given below in Table 15.
Table 15: : Types of Soil in Command Area
Sl. Name of the Series Area in No. Ha. 1 Berhampur loamy sand 1479.75 2 Tendakura loamy sand 298.62 3 Manijanga loam 498.62 4 Bindha clay loam 921.65 5 Uttarkula loam 10321.07 6 Raisingapada loam 306.60 7 Kusunpur sandy clay loam 2349.71 (Source: DOWR, 2007 ) 7. Landuse
117. Land use patterns in Cuttack, Jagatsingpur and Kendrapara district are divided into cultivated and uncultivated (barren) lands, water bodies and lands used for non-agricultural uses etc Land engaged for different uses is given in Table 16 and shown in Figure 4 respectively. Most of the cultivated lands in this scheme are devoted to paddy cultivation, during the rabi season and pesticides used are predominantly granular in form e.g. phorate.
Table 16: : Land Use Patterns in Cuttack, Jagatsingpur and Kendrapara Districts
Sl. Land Use Cuttack Dist Jagatsingpur Kendrapara No. Area in ‘ ha Area in ‘ ha Area in ‘ha 1 Geographical Area 393000 167000 264000 2 Forest 79000 13000 25000 3 Misc. Tree & groves 11000 4000 5000 4 Permanent Pastures 11000 7000 8000 5 Culturable waste 10000 6000 6000 6 Land put to non-agricultural 83000 13000 49000 use 7 Barren and unculturable land 10000 13000 5000 9 Current Fallow 25000 17000 57000 10 Other Fallow 1000 7000 20000 11 Net Sown area 163000 87000 129000 (Source: Odisha Agricultural Statistics – 2012 - 13 )
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Figure 4: Land Use Pattern in Cuttack, Jagatsinghpur & Kendrapara Districts
8. Earthquake Zone / Sensitivity
118. The Bureau of Indian Standards has categorized the entire India into 5 seismic zones depending upon the degree of proneness to earthquakes. The Zone I signify lesser degree while Zone V is of highest order. The northern and southern most parts of Odisha are classified as Zone I and remaining parts of the state are classified under Zone II & Zone III. The subproject falls under earthquake risk zone – III (moderate damage risk zone) Figure -5.
(Source: Odisha State Disaster Management Authority website) Figure 5 : Earth Quake Zones of Odisha
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9. Drainage
119. The project area is flat is bounded by the Mahanadi in south, the Chitrotpala River in the North, Bay of Bengal in the east and Cuttack town in the west. There are many drains flowing in between the Mahanadi and Chitrotpala island area. But the slopes of these drains are flat and the drain sections have been reduced by human interference, through encroachments. It has been observed that during prolonged rains of more than a week with a rain fall of 500 centimeters (cm) or above, the command area gets submerged for a week. It has been observed that during the rainy season, the water table comes as close as 0.5 meter (m) below ground level in the areas nearer to sea. In the Cuttack sadar block, the highest level of ground water is 1.60 m. below ground level. But paddy being the predominant crop in the Kharif, the rise in water table does not cause any harm to crops. Through the project localized blockages of drains will be cleared. The low-lying topography in the delta is such that it is prone to flooding. Although protection embankments have been provided to minimize damage to agricultural lands flooding caused by localized breaches often occurs during high floods. To reduce risk of damage DoWR will shortly implement the Flood Master Plan (Raising and Strengthening Embankments).
10. Flood condition of Mahanadi, Brahmani and Baitrani Basin
120. The Mahanadi delta experiences frequent major floods, particularly when flood levels are exacerbated by storm surges increasing sea levels. The construction of Hirakud reservoir in 1957 moderates peak flows in the delta and also allows flows to be accurately gauged and flood warnings issued.
121. More or less in alternate years flood condition is recorded by concerned department. Table 17 below indicates flood status of the project area of Odisha.
Table 17: List of Past flood and area damaged by Flood in Mahanadi basin Sr. Year and Rivers Affected Dist./ Area under Loss/Damage Reported No. month project area Average Average Public Human Livestock Utility 1 1960 Mahanadi, Cuttack, Not Not Average 6 (August) Brahmani and available available lakh acre Baitarani of cropped area damaged 2 1961 Mahanadi, Cuttack, Not Not Average (Sept) Brahmani and available available 0.48 lakh Baitarani acre of cropped area damaged 3 1964 Mahanadi, Cuttack, Dhenkanal, Not Not Average (July- Aug) Brahmani and Sambalpur available available 1.35 lakh Baitarani acre of cropped area damaged 4 1971 Mahanadi, Cuttack, Sundergarh 8 75 Average
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Sr. Year and Rivers Affected Dist./ Area under Loss/Damage Reported No. month project area Average Average Public Human Livestock Utility (July- Oct.) Brahmani and 3.34 lakh Baitarani acre of cropped area damaged 5 1974 Mahanadi, Cuttack, Dhenkanal Not Not Average (August) Brahmani and available available 2.16 lakh Baitarani ha cropped area damaged 6 1980 Mahanadi, Cuttack, Dhenkanal 16 3300 Average (Sept.) Brahmani and 0.638 lakh Baitarani ha. cropped area damaged 7 1982 (Aug- Mahanadi Cuttack, Dhenkanal 32 6500 Average Sept.) 3.0 lakh ha. cropped area damaged 8 1984 (June Mahanadi, Cuttack, Dhenkanal 7 0 Average 1 – Sept.) Brahmani and lakh ha. of Baitarani cropped area damaged 9 1985 Mahanadi, Cuttack 3 587 Average (Aug- Brahmani and 0.33 lakh Sept.) Baitarani ha. of cropped area damaged 10 1986 Mahanadi Cuttack, Dhenkanal 3 74 Average 0.24 lakh ha. of cropped area damaged 11 1991 Mahanadi, Cuttack, Dhenkanal 10 229 Average (July- Brahmani and 1.3 lakh August) Baitarani ha. of cropped area damaged 12 1992 (June Mahanadi Cuttack, Dhenkanal 8 250 Average – August) 0.8 lakh ha. of cropped area damaged 13 1994 (July- Mahanadi, Cuttack, Jajpur, 10 Average September) Brahmani Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara, 2.5 lakh
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Sr. Year and Rivers Affected Dist./ Area under Loss/Damage Reported No. month project area Average Average Public Human Livestock Utility Sundergarh ha. of cropped area damaged 14 1995 (May Mahanadi Cuttack, Dhenkanal, 11 Average – Jagatsinghpur, Jajpur, 3.5 lakh November) Kendrapara ha. of cropped area damaged 15 1997 (June Mahanadi Cuttack, Dhenkanal, 10 17 Average & August) Jagatsinghpur, Jajpur, 1.8 lakh Kendrapara, Sundergarh ha. of cropped area damaged 16 1999 (July - Mahanadi, Cuttack, Jagatsinghpur, 4 Average August Brahmani, Kendrapara, Jajpur 0.8 lakh Baitarani ha. of cropped area damaged 17 2001 (July- Mahanadi, Cuttack, Dhenkanal, Jajpur, 25 4537 Average 2 August) Brahmani Jagatsingpur, kendrapara, lakh ha. of Sundergarh cropped area damaged 18 2003 (July Mahanadi, Cuttack, Jajpur, 14 450 Average – October) Baitarani Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara 0.8 lakh ha. of cropped area damaged 19 2006 (July Mahanadi, Cuttack, Dhenkanal, Jajpur, 15 300 Average – August) Brahmani, Jagatsingpur, Kendrapara 0.6 lakh Baitarani ha. of cropped area damaged 20 2007 (July- 27, 12, 15 districts Aug – respectively Sept) 21 2008( Jun Subarnarekha, Angul, Balasore, Bhadrak, 110 50163 258155 & Sept) Burhabalang, Boudh, houses Baitarani, Bolangir, Bargarh, Cuttack, damaged, Mahanadi, Gajpati, Jagatsinghpur, 4.45 lakh Rushikulya, Jajpur, Ha. Vansadhara Kendrapara, Khurda, cropped Kalahandi, area, Keonjhar, Mayurbhanj, 0.14 th Ha Nuapara, sandcast, Nayagarh, Puri, 651 Rayagada,Sambalpur, breaches
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Sr. Year and Rivers Affected Dist./ Area under Loss/Damage Reported No. month project area Average Average Public Human Livestock Utility Sonepur - in rivers, 1276 breaches in canals. 22 2009( Aug & Balasore, Bhadrakh, Bolangir, 59 NA Rs.483.02 Sept.) Cuttack, Ganjam, Jajpur, Cr of Public Kalahandi, Kandhamal, utility Kendrapara, Koenjhar, Koraput, damage. Mayurbhanj, Nayagarh, Puri, Subarnapur, Sundargarh. 16 Districts 23 2010( Aug.) Kalahandi, Nabarangpur, 14 1454 Crop Koraput, Boudh, Rayagada, damage Malkangiri. Rs.2921.2 Hectare 24 2011( June, Subarnarekha, Angul ,Balasore,Bargarh, 82 1493 Crop Aug, Sept) Jalaka, Bhadrakh, Boudh, Cuttack, damage Mahanadi, Deogarh, Dhenkanal, 260256.52 Brahamani, Jagatsinghpur, Jajpur, Hectare Baitarani, Jharsuguda, Kendrapara, Budhabalanga. koenjhar, Khurda, Mayurbhanj, Nayagarh, Nuapada, Puri, Sambalpur, Subarnapur, Sundargarh. Districts 25 2012( Aug. Khordha, 3 Crop & Nov.) Khandhamal,Nayagarh,Kalahandi damage & Ganjam. 5 Districts 1061.82 Hectare. Rs.21386.37 lakh Public utility damage 26 2013( June, Baitarani, Kalahandi ,Nabarangpur, 70 Crop July, Aug & Budhabalanga, Koraput, Gajapati, Rayagada, damage Oct) Rusikulya, Malkangiri, Mayurbhanj, 12.80 Lakh Subarnarekha & Bhadrakh, Balasore, Koenjhar, Hectare. Jalaka. Jajpur, Deogarh, Puri, Khordha, Rs.21766.87 Mayurbhanj, Nayagarh, Cuttack, Crores Bolangir & Ganjam. 19 Districts. Public utility damage (Source: Official website of State of Odisha & Office of Special Relief Commissioner , Bhubaneswar) Remark : From the year 1960 to 1992 the districts mentioned in the column No.5 related to undivided 13 districts of the States of Orissa.)
11. Water Resources and Quality
a. Surface Water Resources and Quality
122. The project plans to use water from the river Mahanadi diverted by the Kendrapara Canal from the head works across the Mahanadi and Birupa at the delta head of the Mahanadi. The Mahanadi is the largest river of Odisha with 141,000 square kilometers (km2) catchments area of this 65,628 km2 is in Odisha and the rest inside Chhattisgarh with a very small portion inside Maharashtra. The annual yield of the river from the catchments inside Odisha is about 51,167 M cubic meters (m3). MCII system uses Mahanadi river water that is diverted by three barrages creating a
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single pond on three branches of the Mahanadi namely Mahanadi, Kathjori and Birupa.
123. The sub-project is located within the upper delta which is predominantly a freshwater zone. The Mahanadi contributes freshwater flows of Chilika Lake5 through tributaries of Kathjori river which offtakes at Naraj barrage during the kharif (monsoon) season. Flows downstream of the Mahanadi barrage also contribute to environmental sustainability of the delta area. Although no comprehensive study has been undertaken to quantify requirements for these two areas, the Mahanadi River Basin Plan (2004) provides an indicative value of 150 m3/sec as a minimum environmental flow requirement, assumed for downstream of the Mahanadi barrage.
124. As a part of the feasibility study for MCII, water balance has been assessed (for the Mahanadi barrage point) to fully understand the volume of water being supplied to each user and to identify potential periods during which “user prioritization” may be necessary. Historic decadal average data (1969-2006) for inflows at Naraj have been used and decadal crop water requirements for each of the canal systems offtaking upstream of Mahanadi barrage. The environmental flows of 150 m3/sec as stated in the Mahanadi River Basin Plan, industrial flow requirements have been maintained as 7.5 m3/sec throughout the period observed.
125. The water balance study noted deficit periods mainly occurring during the rabi season. The frequency of deficit periods was far greater prior to construction on Mahanadi barrage in 1985 which has contributed to improved flow regulation. Out of 1,332 decadal periods (between 1969 and 2006) there have been 78 deficit periods of which only 6 occurred after barrage commissioning in 1990. Similarly post construction there has been one occurrence of consecutive deficit decadal periods (Feb III, March I & II, 2004). Previously this was a more frequent occurrence with 8 such events. The water balance suggests that current operation with calculated abstractions for irrigation and other users is adequate, although flow prioritization and user coordination would be recommended during the lean and deficit period.
126. Water quality of the Mahanadi near to MCII project area is shown in Tables 18 and 19 below for the years 2007 to 2012. It is noted that water quality deteriorate at the d/s of Cuttack city and that is due to discharge of untreated effluent from Cuttack city.. Table 18: Water quality Mahanadi River basin
Annual average values (Range of Sr. Values) Designate Existing Source of Location year no DO BOD d Class Class Pollution pH TC MPN/100 ml mg/l mg/l 2007 7.6 7.8 2.62 13.3 Mahanadi 2008 7.6 7.9 1.2 13.95 Doesn’t 1 River ‐U/S of 2009 7.7 8 1 13.35 conform ‐ C Cuttack 2010 7.8 7.8 1.25 44.47 to class (NWMP) 2011 8 8 1.4 1038(330 ‐1700) C 2012 8 8.2 1.5 3256(470‐
5 Chilika Lake is a part freshwater part saline water estuarine lagoon located along the Orissa coast. Freshwater supplies are entirely dependent on Mahanadi river. The lake was declared a Ramsar site in 1981.
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Annual average values (Range of Sr. Values) Designate Existing Source of Location year no DO BOD d Class Class Pollution pH TC MPN/100 ml mg/l mg/l 11000) 2007 7.7 7.4 2.25 322.2 Mahanadi 2008 7.9 7.65 2.1 262.1 Doesn’t Waste River ‐D/s of 2009 7.8 7.75 2.2 170 conform water of 2 C Cuttack 2010 7.8 7.3 2.15 176.5 to class Cuttack (NWMP) 55417(2400‐ C city 7.7 2.5 2012 8 160000) 2007 7.7 7.8 1.1 13.29 Mahanadi 2008 7.6 7.9 1.2 14 River ‐ 2009 7.8 8 1 13.3 C Humane 3 Kathajodi U/S 2010 9.8 7.8 1.2 11.1 C activities Cuttack FDS 2011 8.1 7.9 1.8 1222(390 ‐17000 (Board Station) 69333(21000‐ 2012 7.6 4.1 8.2 160000) 2007 7.62 5.8 1.7 48.16 2008 8.8 7.8 1.5 76 Mahanadi 2009 8.2 8.7 1.4 46 Waste River ‐ Cuttack 2010 7.85 5.2 1.6 61 water of 4 C C FDS ( Board 14925(1100‐ Cuttack Station) 2011 8.1 7 1.9 92000) city 24517(92000‐ 2012 8.1 7.7 2 54000) CLASS C WATER Drinking water sources with 6.5‐ 4 and 3 or QUALITY CRITERIA 5000 or less conventional treatment followed 8.5 above less (IS ‐2296‐1982) by disinfection (Source: Water Quality of Major Rivers Of Odisha during 2007‐2010, State Pollution Control Board Odisha 2013 and website OSPCBoard.org).
Table 19: Biomonitoring of River Mahanadi
Annual average values(range of Values) Existing Designated Biological Station Year Saprobility Index Diversity Index class Water Quality Class 2007 5.4 (4.8-6.0) 0.33 (0.30-0.36) C C Cuttack 2008 5.0 0.48 C C D/s 2009 5.6 (5.5-5.6) 0.46 (0.43-0.51) C C 2010 5.2 (4.0-5.8) 0.55 (0.42-0.70) C C 2007 5.43 (4.5-6.0) 0.36 (0.32-0.39) C C Kathajodi 2008 5.2 (4.5-5.7) 0.4 (0.38-0.45) C C D/s 2009 5.7 (5.4-6.0) 0.47 (0.45-0.50) C C 2010 5.5 (5.2-5.7) 0.44 (0.31-0.52) C C (Source: Water Quality of Major Rivers Of Odisha during 2007‐2010, State Pollution Control Board Odisha 2013).
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127. In India, the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has developed a concept of designated best use and classified water based on the surface water quality (IS: 2296- 1992) into five classes i.e. A – E (Table 20). The different classes are: A- Drinking Water Source without conventional treatment but after disinfection; B- Outdoor bathing (Organised); C- Drinking water source after conventional treatment and disinfection; D- Propagation of Wild life and Fisheries and E -Irrigation, Industrial Cooling, and Controlled Waste disposal.
Table 20: Indian Standard for the Surface Water (CPCB Standard) Sl.No Parameters A B C D E 1 pH 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.0 2 Colour ,Hazen unit, 10 300 300 - - max 3 Total Suspended Not Not Not Not Not specified Solid specified in specified in specified specified in Standard Standard Standard in Standard In Standard 4 Total Dissolved 500 - 1500 - 2100 Solid, mg/l, max 5 Free Ammonia (as - - - 1.2 - N),mg/l, max 6 Sulphate 400 - 400 - 1000 (as SO4), mg/l, max 7 Total Hardness as Not Not Not Not Not specified CaCO3 specified specified specified specified 8 Total Alkalinity as Not Not Not Not Not specified CaCO3 specified specified specified specified 9 Lead(as Pb) mg/l, 0.1 - 0.1 - - max 10 Dissolved Oxygen, 6 5 4 4 - mg/l, max 11 BOD, mg/l, min 2 3 3 - - 12 COD Not Not Not Not Not specified specified specified specified specified Note: A- Drinking water source without conventional treatment but after disinfection. B- Outdoors bathing C- Drinking water source with conventional treatment followed by disinfection. D- Propagation of wildlife, fisheries. E- Irrigation, Industrial cooling, controlled, controlling waste disposal
128. Taladanda canal originates on upstream of Cuttack town and traverses initially 11 km within Cuttack town on its way to Paradeep. The canal receives sewage discharges, medical collage waste and solid waste dumps while flowing though Cuttack town. The water quality data is presented in Table 21
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Table 21: Water Quality of Mahanadi & Taladanda Canal near Cuttack
Nitrate(N, To tal Coliform ( MPN / Te m p ., 0C pH conductivity DO(mg / l) BOD(mg / l) mg/l) 100) ml Location Season 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012
winter 29.3 27.3 8.24 8.07 219.83 226 0.25 0.51 8.73 8.9 1.3 1.3 890 1200 Mahanadi ‐ Summer 31 36.5 8.26 8.11 258 182.6 1.03 0.1 7.8 8.6 1.55 1.2 785 935 Cuttack u/s Monsoon 28.75 28.25 7.8 7.91 183.32 168 0.5 0.32 7.27 7.6 1.45 1.54 1400 6825 Postmonsoon 25.66 26 8.06 8.25 156.66 184 0.13 0.231 8.6 8.2 1.2 1.7 873 2100 winter 30 8.07 221 0.53 10.1 2 49100 Summer 32 7.9 242.3 0.93 8.4 5.2 0 2200 Job ra Monsoon 28 27.3 7.82 7.78 190.4 170.6 0.9 0.76 6.82 6.96 2.73 1.6 10125 72333.33 Postmonsoon 23.66 28.5 7.78 8.1 156.06 176 0.079 0.209 7.8 9.4 2.2 2.1 11233 12000 winter 30.33 7.71 311 2.14 8.1 10 68133 Summer 32.5 7.49 498.4 0.8 3.5 20.3 0 16000 Ranih at Monsoon 29.25 27.33 7.63 7.96 226.27 193.4 1.95 0.73 4.83 7.33 5.7 1.933 187333.33 137333.33 Postmonsoon 24.66 28.5 7.82 8.035 194.6 175 1.145 0.152 7.76 9 3.9 2 78667 67500 winter 30 7.62 332 0.69 8.6 8.7 54000 Summer 32 7.65 513.75 2.96 3.7 9.2 0 92000 ChitraBazar Monsoon 29.75 27.33 7.71 7.51 254.55 191 1.4 0.56 4.77 8.4 5.43 2.33 133000 124666.67 Postmonsoon 24.66 29.5 7.51 8 187.8 181 0.946 0.297 7.9 9.3 4.4 2.9 137333 97500 winter 28.33 7.76 408.77 4.88 8 8.6 73000 Summer 34 7.56 540.95 5.54 1.4 12.4 0 44500 Nuabazar Monsoon 29.75 28 7.47 7.93 215.67 188.7 2 1.31 4.42 6.37 9 2 73500 137333.33 Postmonsoon 24.66 29.5 8.15 8 1.69 0.227 7.53 6.6 3.6 2.2 39000 92000 winter 28.33 8.08 373.53 1.74 7.9 3.44 3133.3 Summer 33.5 7.21 511.05 4.76 1.8 7.6 0 13650 Birb ati Monsoon 28.25 27.66 7.75 8.14 245.82 185 1.9 0.48 4.63 7.13 3.68 1.87 55250 89333.33 Postmonsoon 24.66 28 8.05 7.8 203.43 174 1.478 0.448 7.16 8.9 2.3 1.7 7900 73000 winter 35 7.59 8.21 382.33 737 0.51 0.85 7.3 6.9 4 3.6 6266.7 15000 Summer 33 33.5 7.48 7.7 638.65 2079 1.61 0.56 1.2 7.7 15.2 3.3 160000 17000 Antharbanki Monsoon 26 28.5 7.7 7.7 413.98 415 0.72 0.91 4.25 9.43 2.45 2.68 160000 44500 Postmonsoon 24 25.33 7.62 8 181 215 0.294 0.821 6 5.8 1.8 7.7 126000 66667 (Source- OSPCBord.org; State Pollution Control Board, Odisha)
129. The Total coliform concentration in canal is higher conforming domestic waste discharges from Cuttack town. (Table 21)
130. Due to the poor quality of the canal water its use for domestic purposes in the command area should be discouraged.
b. Groundwater Resources:
131. The hydrogeology of MCII command area comprises mainly semi-consolidated lower Precambrian metamorphosed rock, or of consolidated Precambrian intrusive and extrusive lavas and traps. Groundwater within the area is qualified as having less than 500 ppm dissolved solids. MCII scheme is primarily covered by blocks of Cuttack, Jagatsinghpur and Kendrapara districts.
132. Table 22 gives data about groundwater potential as determined in 1999 and level of utilization for the period ending March 2004. As can be seen, total groundwater potential for the five blocks amounts to 73,109 ham (731.09 Mm3) or 26.3 percent of total groundwater potential identified for Cuttack district, Jagatsinghpur district and Kendrapara districts. While groundwater abstraction is largest for irrigated agriculture, amounting to 6642 ham (66.42 Mm3) or nearly 90 percent of total annual abstraction, overall groundwater utilization within the five blocks is about 10 percent.
133. There are marked variations in groundwater utilization between the blocks with Gardapur block showing a high 54 percent utilization while the level of utilization in Raghunathpur block remains below 5 percent annually. Despite the fact that the data
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on groundwater potential does not specifically relate to MCII scheme area, it may be safely concluded that considerable potential for groundwater development exists which potentially allows intensifying Rabi crop production in all or part of the MCII scheme area.
Table 22: : Groundwater Utilization within the Administrative Blocks of MCII Area Block 1999 GW Annual GW Abstraction GW GW potential Irrigation Domestic Industry Total Balance Utilizat ion Ham Ham Ham Ham Ham Ham % 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Nischintakoili 8785 1558 354 10 1922 6863 22% Raghunathpur 43631 2084 161 5 2250 41381 5% Salipur 14771 N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A Marshaghai N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A Gardapur 5920 3000 204 15 3219 2701 54% Total 73109 6642 719 30 7391 65718 10% Source: DoWR March 2007
134. The State Pollution Control Board, Odisha is monitoring the ground water quality of Cuttack city 15 different locations under Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) sponsored National Water Management Project. The observed values are reported in Table 23 below. It is observed that conductivity and nitrate concentration are within the limits stipulated in Indian drinking water standards. The low conductivity in Cuttack demonstrates that the ground water is not affected by saline water intrusion as Cuttack is about 60 km away from the sea coast but the tail end portions falling in Kendrapara might differ.
Table 23: Ground Water Quality of Cuttack City Sl.No. Station pH Cond µ (S/cm) NO3(mg/l) April Oct April Oct April Oct
1 Jagatpur Industrial Area 6.4 6.9 345 490 4.4 4.4 2 Madhupatna Kalyan 6.9 7.0 250 299 4.2 6.2 Nagar Area 3 Bidanasi-Tulsipur Area 6.8 6.6 180 104 1.8 5.3 4 Badambadi Area 7.0 7.5 289 300 2.3 2.2 5 Ranihat-Mangalabag Area 6.9 7.2 163 697 3.6 3.1 (Source: Annual Report, SPCB, Odisha, 2005-2006).
135. The ground water contour maps of the region indicate the flow of ground water from northwest to south east direction. There is a steeper hydraulic gradient of 1:1500 in the upper reach that becomes flatter to 1:4500 in lower reach of the Mahanadi delta.
B. Ecological Resources
1. Fisheries
136. The Mahanadi estuaries in the Cuttack district are known to have diverse fishery resources. The present marine fish resource of the district is 34,576 tons which are captured from 11 fish landing centers. The important fish species are shrimp, hilsha
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illisha (hilsa) and (hartodon nehereus ham) Bombay Duck. Out of the total marine fishes, 16,405 tons are marketed to different states and 1,730 tons are converted into dry fish.
2. Flora and Fauna
137. During discussion with local forest officials and through public consultation with local people it was learned that there are no rare and endangered plant or animal species in the project area. Cuttack, Jajpur and Kendrapara district is divided into three zones namely (a) the deltaic zone, which is highly rich in mangrove ecosystem (b) the cultivated plains an agriculture area and (c) the western hilly region. The command area of MCII canal falls in the cultivated plains area. The area is endowed with rich faunal habitats Table 24. No critically endangered species are noticed
Table 24: Fauna of the study area and IUCN status
Sl.No Common name Scientific name ICUN conservation status 1 Pea fowl Pavo cristatus LC Red Jungle fowl Gallus gallus LC Red Spur fowl Galloperdix spadicea LC Black Partridge Melanoperdix nige LC Grey Horn Bill Ocyceros birostris LC Green Pigeon Treron sphenura LC Ducks Anas platyrhincos LC .(Note – LC - Least Concerned)
138. Major tree species under avenue plantation in the project area includes Anogeissus latifolia, Azadirachta indica (Neem), Albizia lebbeck (Chakunda)Buchanania lanjan (Chiranji), Butea monosperma (Palas), Ficus bengalensis (Bat), Careya arborea, Cassia fistula (Sonaru), Dalbergia Latifolia (Sishu), Mangifera indica (Aam), Diospyros melanoxylon (Kendu), Madhuca Indica (Mohua), Phyllanthus emblica (Amli), Scleichera oleosa (Kusum), Samecarpus anacardium (Bhalia), Semaruba glauca, Shorea robusta (Sal), Syzygium Cummini (Jamum), Tectona grandis (Segun), Terminalia arjuna (Arjun), Terminalia belerica (Bahera), Terminalia chebula, Wrightia arborea, Zizyphus Oenoplia
139. Based on discussions with local forest officials and through public consultation with local people it appears there is no rare and endangered plant or animal species in the project area. Cuttack district is divided into three zones namely (a) the deltaic zone, which is highly rich in mangrove ecosystem (b) the cultivated plains and agriculture area and (c) the western hilly region. The mangroves in Mahanadi delta region between Barunei mouth and Mahanadi mouth (Paradeep) is fragmented and degraded due to large scale human encroachment in these areas. The command area of MCII falls in the already cultivated plains area. The area is endowed with rich faunal habitats. The avifauna commonly observed in the area includes peafowl, red spur fowl, grey hornbill, pigeon and seasonal ducks.
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140. At present it is estimated that the canal construction work will affect about approx. 661 trees that fall within the ROW of the proposed new canals and some trees on the existing branch canal may get affected. 3. Forest
141. The forest cover in the state is 31.41% as per India State of Forest Report 2011 and the forest cover in the three districts as per district statistical hand books 2007 is as: 142. Forest cover in Cuttack district is high as compared to other project covered districts. There are five types of forests found in the district mainly demarcated reserved forest, demarcated protected forest, unclassified forest and other type of forests. Details of forest cover in the district are given in Table 25. Most of the forested land in the vicinity of the proposed scheme had been devastated by the Super Cyclone. In response to this devastation the Forest Department has been actively involved in reforestation activities (Acacia; Eucalyptus and a local species known as Jhar).6 However site inspections confirmed that there are no forested lands in the MCII command area, neither in close proximity to the proposed scheme.
Table 25: Forest cover in Cuttack, Jagatsingpur and Kendrapara District Sl. Type of Forest Cuttack (Area, Jagatsingpur Kendrapara No. km2) (Area, km2) (Area, km2) 1 Reserve Forest 522.39 1.23 14.49 2 Demarcated Protected 103.68 4.77 127.57 Forest 3 Un Classified Forest 0.45 0.02 4.50 4 Un demarcated forest 0.0 83.06 62.27 5 Other Forests 163.65 43.84 39.17 790.17 132.92 248.00 Total Geographical area 3932 1668.00 2644.00 % of Forest area 20.10 7.97 9.38 (Source: District Statistical Handbook, Cuttack, Kendrapara 2009 and Jagatsingpur, 2011) Figure 6: Eucalyptus reforestation undertaken by the Department of Forestry
6 In July 2007 site visits were made to the Kilipal forest located within the reserved forest area - off the Paika River. The forest was seen to comprise mostly secondly forest growth and visual inspections revealed that it is currently in a disturbed state with villages situated in close proximity to the reserve.
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Figure 7: Kilipal Forest in the background
Figure 8: Eucalyptus and Acacia Reforestation Programmes undertaken by the Department of Forest
C. Economic Development
1. Industries
143. The small scale industries sector that comprises of food and allied, repairing and servicing, leather units, paper, textile based units etc has also grown steadily over the past few years in Cuttack district and has helped in the upliftment of the economy in the area. The category wise Small Scale Industries (SSI) units set up in the Cuttack district below in Table 26. The different types of micro & small enterprises established in the district as well as their no. is as follows(As on 31.3.10). District has always attracted private investors due to its conducive industrial atmosphere. In the large and medium sector the proposed investment against the pipeline units is around 11458 crores.
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Table 26: Small Scale Industries in Cuttack District
S l No Category No.of units 1 Food & Allied 1807 2 Electrical & Electronics 482 3 Chemical based 210 4 Engineerring & Metal based 1865 5 Forest & Wood based 1078 6 Glass & ceramics. 689 7 Taxtile based 190 8 Leather units 572 9 paper 249 10 Rubber & plastic 1193 11 Repairing & Servicing 1702 12 Miscellaneous 2286 13 Total 12323
Source: official Website of Cuttack (www.cuttack.nic.in),
144. In addition to this there are many large and medium industries in Cuttack district. The small scale industries can be categorized as polluting and non polluting. The polluting units are food and allied, chemical based, glass and ceramics, lather units, and rubber and plastics. The main water pollutants from these units are Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), COD, oil and grease, dissolved solids and metals. Most of these units discharge their waste into municipal drain or in storm water drain that leads to Mahanadi usually without any treatment.
145. Paradeep Port a glory of the Odisha state representing industrial growth & economic prosperity belongs to the Jagatsinghpur district. .Paradeep and Tirtol are the two Industrial areas of the District. In Jagatsingpur district the famous POSCO integrated steel plant is under construction. There are number of handloom and cottage industrial units are located in Jagatsingpur district.
146. In Kendrapara district there is no large scale industry, all are small scale industry. Category wise small scale industries are shown below.
Table 27: Small Scale, Cottage and Handloom Industries in Cuttack, Jagatsinghpur and Kendra para Districts Type of Cuttack District Jagatsinghpur Kendrapara District Industry District Units Capital Units Capital Units Capital Investment (Rs. Investment Investment in lakh) (Rs. in (Rs. in lakh) lakh) Small Scale 371 3226.88 121 653 101 319.29 Cottage 1010 336.01 25 1.25 35 9.10 Handloom 4198 2080.42 407 407.28 375 - (Source: District Statistical Handbook of Cuttack & Kendrapara, 2009 and Jagatsinghpur 2011)
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2. Transportation
147. Cuttack is connected by National Highway NH-5 and runs through the district for 85.75 km and connects Cuttack to important cities like Baripada and Baleshwar. This district is also well connected with the National Highway no. 5-A, comprising a running length within the district of 77 kms. Apart from the national and state highway, major district road runs for 461.50 km within the state, reaching all corner of the district (Table 28).
Table 28: Length of Different Categories of Roads in Cutack, Jagatsinpur and Kendrapara District Sl.No. Category of Road Cuttack Jagatsingpur Kendrapara In Km 1 National Highway 63.550 10 45 2 State High way 118 133 65 3 Major District Road 190.78 41 44 4 Other District Road 316.13 203 292 5 Forest Roads 204.45 - 20 6 Gram Panchayat Roads - 1570 3105 7 Classified Village Roads 0 0 0 8 P.S. Roads - 808 392 9 Village Roads 1274.78 807 753 10 Urban Roads NA N.A N.A
Source: District Statistical Hand Book- Cuttack, Kendrapara 2009 & Jagatsinghpur 2011)
3. Agricultural Development, Mineral Development, and Tourism Facilities
148. Cuttack is divided into three agro-climatic zones viz. a) marshy strip of Bay of Bengal. This low land impregnated with salt and unsuitable for cultivation, b) Alluvial plains forming the delta of Mahanadi River, c) Hilly regions which are sterile land covered with bamboos and scrub jungles. Agriculture constitutes the main source of rural livelihood and incomes. Rice and Paddy is the main food crop grown in this area.
149. The Major food crop grown in Jagatsinghpur is paddy; Sugarcane, turmeric and cotton are the major commercial crops. The district enjoys rich fertile soil of the Mahanadi, enough water resources and receives substantial rainfall which is conducive for raising good crops.
150. At Jagatsingpur district no mineral resources are available but at Cuttack district few fireclay mines (7 nos.) are in operation.
D. Social and Cultural Resources Population and Communities
151. The sub-project passing through different villages covering three districts i.e. Cuttack, Kendrapara and Jagatsinpur. The proposed development or construction of the minors and sub-minors covers 49 villages covering the districts of Cuttack, Kendrapara and Jagatsingpur. For construction of new canals mostly private land
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has been acquired 78.27 acres of private agricultural land and 32.73 acres of government land(Gochar and cremationground) totaling to 111.00 acres subsequently reduced to 103.14acres. In addition to this there will be about 12 structures affected due to canal construction works. A rehabilitation and resettlement plan as per government of India and ADB guidelines has been prepared separately to address these issues Hence the socio-economic features of the three districts covered are presented below:
152. The total population of Cuttack district is 26,24,470out of which 18,88,423 comprises the rural population and 7,36,047 the urban population, which constitutes about 28.05% of the urban population. The population of schedule cast 4,98,633 and schedule tribe is 93,745. A detail of demographic structure of the Cuttack district is given in Table 29 Table 29: Demographic Pattern of Cuttack District
Total Population 2624470 Rural Population 1888423 Urban Population 736047 SC Population 498633 ST Population 93745 Percentage of Urban Population to Total Population 28.0 Number of females per Thousand Male 940 Population density per sq.km 667 Decennial growth rate percentage 12.1 ( Source: Census 2011
153. Total population of Jagatsinghpur district is 11,36,971out of which 1,02,0991is the rural population and 1,15.980 is the urban population, which constitutes
about10.20% of urban population. The population of schedule cast is 2,48,152and schedule tribe is 7862. A detail of demographic structure of the Jagatsinghpur district is given in Table 30.
Table 30: Demographic Pattern of Jagatsinghpur District
Total Population 1136971
Rural Population 1020991 Urban Population 115980 SC Population 248152 ST Population 7862 Percentage of Urban Population to Total Population 10.2 Number of females per Thousand Male 967
Population density per sq.km 683
Decennial growth rate percentage 7.5 (Source: census 2011)
154. Jagatsinghpur District ranks first in the State by achieving 88.96 % male literacy rate according to the latest census of 2001 and second in female literacy rate at 69.94% after Khurda District. While the provisional census 2011 states, among the males the highest literacy rates is recorded in the district of Jagatsinhpur ( 93.20%). The District is predominantly agrarian. It has been experiencing natural calamities
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like floods and cyclones which are major hindrance in the economic development (Source: District website, 2007).
155. Total population of Kendrapara district is 14,40,361out of which 13,56,827is the rural population and 83,534is the urban population, which constitutes about 5.79% of urban population. The population of schedule cast is 3,09,780and schedule tribe is 9484. A detail of demographic structure of the Kendrapara district is given in Table 31. Table 31: Demographic Pattern of Kendrapara District
Total Population 1440361 Rural Population 1356827 Urban Population 83534 SC Population 309780 ST Population 9484 Percentage of Urban Population to Total Population 5.79 Number of females per Thousand Male 940 Population density per sq.km 496.8 Decennial growth rate percentage 10.59 (Source: Census 2011)
156. The part of the proposed command area is spread over 50 new villages and 91 old villages( covers old acquired land) 5 blocks i.e. two block (Nischintakoili & Cuttack) of Cuttack district, one block (Tirtol) of Jagatsingpur district and two blocks (Garadpur & Marshaghai) of Kendrapara district. The total number of villages covered under the extension portion of the command area are approx. (50 new villages and 91 old acquired villages), covering an additional area of 5930 ha. The population details of the blocks covered under the project is given in Table 33. The total population of the area is 663045 out which Scheduled caste population in the area is 22.52% and Scheduled Tribe population is around 0.94% as per 2001 census.
Table 32: Population details of the blocks covered under the project Sl.no Name of the Block and Total SC Population ST Population district Population 1 Nischintakoili, Cuttack district 169670 40285 932 2 Cuttack( Sadar), Cuttack district 130385 37578 4420 3 Tirtol Block of Jagatsingpur 149590 29782 741 district 4 Garadpur block of Kendrapara 98297 20681 59 district 5 Marshaghai block of 115103 20959 111 Kendrapara district Total 663045 149285 6263 (Source: 2001 census, District Handbook, Cuttack, Jagatsinghpur and Kendrapara districts)
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1. Places of Historical, Archeological and Religious Significance
157. Cuttack city houses the Barabati Fort, a nine storied palace of the Ganga dynasty which lies on the bank of Mahanadi River. Qadam-I-Rasool, a sacred shrine for Muslims is situated in the centre of Cuttack city and Netaji Seva Sadan, a birth place of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose is located in the Oriya bazaar town. All of these sites are situated in Cuttack and thus far from the proposed scheme.
158. In Jagatsinghpur district Garh Kujanga (Kunjabehari Matha) and Jhankada are the religious centre. Paradepgarh (Sandhakuda) is the historical site of the district.
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V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL MPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
A. General
159. The positive and negative impacts associated with this project are described in this chapter. The impacts associated during the construction phase of the project will be temporary and short term in nature. For purposes of this IEE report, the environmental impacts in the study area have been discussed related to location, planning & design, construction and operation phases of the sub project. Identification of these impacts is followed by recommendations of appropriate cost effective mitigation measures. These impacts along with the mitigation measures are given in the following sections.
B. Sub Project Activities:
160. Activities related to MCII Subproject, are listed below:
1) Construction of new canal Chitrotpala right branch canal (CRBC) to a length of 11.29 km ( 15.13 km to 26.42 km), 2) Resectioning of Paika left branch canal(PLBC) to a length of 10.18 km (15 km to 25.18 km), 3) Construction of 22 new minor and sub-minor canals in PLBC (totaling a length of 24.400 km) and Construction of 29 new minor and sub-minor in CRBC ( totaling a length of 37.837 km) and, 4) Construction of associated works / structures in the branch canals ( distributaries), minors and sub minors, specifically Head regulators / Cross Regulators, Falls, Cross drainage works , outlets, washing points, animal watering points and access bridges, lining of canal and turfing etc are to be provided (more details are provided in draft revised tentative estimate prepared by DoWR July 2011
C. Possible Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures
161. The proposed project will have impacts on the environmental in different phases:
• Due to Project Location • During site selection, Planning and design phase • During the construction phase • During operation phase.
1. Impacts due to Project Location
162. The environmental issues that may arise due to the present project location are as : • The subproject requires new land acquisition of approx. 111 acres (32.73 acres of Government land and 78.27 acres of Private agricultural land) as per RP approved by ADB during July 2011 subsequently reduced to 103.14 acres( 84.80 acres of private agricultural land and 18.34 acres of government land covering approximately 47 of 50 villages, affecting 12 numbers of assets and with an approx. 1149 affected persons
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reduced to 1143 ( 7826 affected population) in addition to the earlier acquired land of 228.76 acres which is in possession of DoWR before 2006. In addition, clearing of some encroachments ( RD 17.4 km and 19.0km of CRBC etc.,)some change in landuse and landcover will take place, as it is only concerns the formation of some new canals by acquiring approx 8 to 10m (minors and sub minors) and resectioning of the existing canal system. • The Public consultation has revealed there are still some pending cases related to acquired portion of WCRP, some pending compensation cases related to temple lands ( and issues related to alignment • During the consultation it was found some compensation especially for temple lands are still pending. • The tail end of the command area reduced due to waterlogging and salinity • No forest land is involved so no impact but some trees approx. 661 that are found within the ROW and some trees that are found on the existing canal embankment which may get affected • No archaeological, monumental, and cultural sites are present along or adjacent to the proposed ROW except few temples (CRBC- RD 13.0 km, 18.0 km, 20.0 km and 23.4 km); Pakhada sub minors RD 1.0 km. • Utilities like electric poles / line, transformers were noticed, which may cross or adjacent to the proposed canal alignment of the proposed canals.
163. The mitigation measures proposed are:
¾ SIO shall complete the land acquisition process and clear the site before handing over to the Contractor ¾ The land acquisition and assessment process is going on with the help of land acquisition officer and survey and enumeration of project affected persons carried out with the help of NGO and the ISPMC R & R Specialist prepared a separate report which provides the details of project affected persons (PAP), land acquisition etc and the process would be monitored with the help of ISPMC. The affected persons (1149) are given compensation and livelihood assistance as approved by DoWR and ADB. The proposed Resettlement Plan(RP) budget is R56.89 million which includes compensation cost, livelihood assistance and RP implementation cost. The land acquisition cost will be borne by Executing Agency (EA) and the R&R cost will be borne out of the OIIAWMIP loan funds for RP implementation for more details kindly refer Resettlement Plan for MCII during July 2011 ¾ The SIO with the help of Land acquisition officer shall assess the situation and look for legal solution in resolving the compensation, land acquisition and alignment issues; ¾ SIO shall take over the site after land acquisition and clear the encroachment if any and hand over the site to the Contractor after award of the contract. ¾ During survey SIO shall identify the stretches of the canal to be lined as per TAC recommendation and shall identify observation wells with the help of Ground Water Department and shall monitor the water levels and quality periodically. ¾ During the survey SIO along with the survey team and Design Engineers assess the alignment and SIO shall identify the number of trees likely to get affected and the scope for avoiding tree cutting by adjusting the alignment.
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¾ During survey and design the SIO staff shall identity the electric poles / lines / transformers and water pipelines in consultation with the design team that need to be shifted some may be obstruction while working.
2. Impacts during Planning and Design Phase
164. The planning phase will include further detailed topographic and geotechnical surveys and hydrological assessments which will provide information for the detailed design of the scheme. The probable factors those may impact during planning stage are as follows:
(i) Incorrect survey in order to align water channels. This may result in loss of cultivated land or encroachment of community owned land leading to wrong alignment; (ii) Incorrect hydrological assessment of flood magnitude resulting in under-design of headwork’s and conveyance system, leading to hydraulic/structural failure; (iii) Incorrect and insufficient geotechnical survey which does not adequately take into account the geology of the area. This could also lead to inadequate design of headwork’s ultimately leading to hydraulic/structural failure. (iv) During consultation, some beneficiaries have expressed their views regarding acceptance of the proposed alignment of some canals like Nischinta minor & Bhudalo minors and have asked for realignment, if possible. Villagers of Kalabuda village expressed the need for underground canal at CRBC RD 23.4 km since two temples adjacent to the proposed alignment. Even the public consultations meetings – grievance summary prepared by R & R report also states that 10.3% of affected persons in the newly acquired villages expressed dissatisfaction with the proposed alignment ( Annexure – 8). (v) Designing of the channels as per CWC recommendation (vi) Designing of CD work’s to improve drainage conditions in the command area. (vii) Some trees are present within the acquired land of the proposed new canals and some large girth trees on the existing canal embankment may get affected or may require tree cutting. (viii) Provision for filling of borrow areas because the tail of the command area is near to the water logged areas (ix) Utilities like electric poles / electric lines were found within the ROW of the proposed canal alignment (x) No Archaeological sites are within the project area but while excavation work chance find protocol would be used (xi) Identification of potential sites or locations for drilling tube wells (xii) Adequate provision for weed removal especially water hyacinth in the branch canals
165. The mitigation measures proposed would include:
¾ Thorough hydrological assessment using all available background data and making use of flood simulation software to better estimate optimum design flows. This is to be conducted as the starting point to the design process and will be checked and verified in accordance with project quality assurance procedures;
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¾ A geotechnical survey, topo survey and a soil survey particularly along the axis of the canal side should be conducted at the beginning of the design process to reduce the risk of costly design revisions during construction, or worse the failure of a scheme due to a design based on erroneous parameters; ¾ SIO if necessary with the design team shall assess the situation before finalizing the drawings ¾ The design should be checked in accordance with project quality assurance and quality control procedures. A joint verification shall be carried out along with R& R and Design consultants in addressing the grievances and if technically feasible should look to the alternate arrangements. ¾ Proper designing of the minor and sub-minors shall be carried out keeping in view of the carrying capacity to support the proposed command areas and the requirements of the villagers, like underground canal or position of VRBs etc.,. ¾ During project planning proper drainage arrangements shall be planned in consultation with the drainage division. As part of the improvement to the drainage problem within the command, there are total approx 60 cross drain structures are proposed within the distribution system. ¾ The existing structures constructed in the branch canal shall be renovated or modified according to the field requirement ¾ Arranging the borrow areas is the responsibility of the Contractor by obtaining consent from the land owners for removing the earth, if the land owners desires the borrow pits may be filled with sand and accordingly some budgetary provision has to be made by SIO in the estimates for complying MoEF conditions ¾ Some large girth trees present on the existing canal embankment and also some trees present in the newly acquired land i.e. within ROW of the proposed canal which may require removal or tree cutting. During survey and design SIO staff along with survey team and in consultation with design engineers shall identify the number of trees that may get affected. To the possible extent tree cutting shall be avoided, if any tree shall be removed from the ROW before commencement of actual work it shall be done in consultation and with the permission of State Forest Department. Stacking, transport and storage of wood shall be done as per the relevant norms. All efforts shall be made to preserve the trees to the possible extent. ¾ Utilities like electric poles / lines /transformers/ water pipelines existing within ROW may be damaged while constructing the new canals or may cause hindrance to the movement of construction equipment, the SIO in consultation with design team should identify the need for shifting such poles, if they need to be relocated proper planning and contingency for shifting need to be planned by the SIO in consultation with the PMU ¾ Tube wells locations shall be away from dumps, refuse piles, storage facilities, fuel storage areas, seepage pits, pit toilets, septic tanks, surface water bodies, drains, field fertilized with dung.
3. Impacts during Construction Phase
166. During the construction phase the following activities may be considered to be important towards the development of impacts:
• Pre-construction activities like selection of Camps, Borrow areas, Quarry etc • Construction Method • Source of materials and process of procurement of material like earth from borrow areas, Quarry areas, mining of sand
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• Transportation of construction materials used in the construction • Storage of materials • Work site maintenance and • Labour related issues like their shelter, facilities etc
167. Most of the impacts during construction phase are temporary or short term in nature and can be mitigated by using appropriate methods.
Construction Method
168. Construction of new canal system and resectioning of branch canals will involve earth moving equipment like excavators, rollers, tippers, tractors, concrete mixers, vibrators, dozers, etc and stripping and leveling of borrow areas etc. Materials will be brought through trucks and offloaded and lifted through manually (head load) where the approach roads in the minors and sub minors are narrow. Excavation and manual digging and cutting would be involved. The excess material would be disposed off within the low lying areas of right of way. Sources of Materials 169. The approximate quantities of different materials as identified by SIO staff as part of preliminary estimate is shown in Table 33.
Table 33: : Showing the Approximate quantities of Material required for the sub-project Sl.No Materials Approx. preliminary estimated Quantities
1 Stone and stone products 72141 Cum
2 Sand 56536Cum
3 Moorum 16272Cum
4 Steel 3124 Quintal
5 Cement 115462 Quintal
6 Bitumen 1700 Quintals
i. Pre construction activities by the contractor
170. After finalizing before the contractor commence his work the Contractor along with the SIO staff shall identify ¾ Contractor shall identify potential sites for work camps, stockpiles, storage areas and disposal sites with the help of SIO staff and takes the approval of the SIO manager. ¾ Contractor shall identify the potential locations for sources of borrow areas, quarry and other materials if any required and take the prior approval of the SIO Manager 171. The mitigation measures proposed are:
¾ The responsibility of establishing camps, stock piles, storage areas and disposal sites mainly lies with the Contractor, however before commencement of work, with help of
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SIO staff shall identify the potential sites within the sub-project. However, if it is deemed necessary to locate elsewhere, sites to be considered will not damage any property, vegetation, irrigation, drainage and drinking water supply. Residential areas will not be considered and sensitive locations need to avoided like schools and sanctuaries if any. All locations identified for disposal need to be included in the design specifications and on plan drawings.
a) Camp • Contractor shall prioritize areas within or nearest possible vacant space within the subproject without affecting property, vegetation, drinking water sources and away from the water bodies and the canal system. • All construction plants shall be sited sufficiently away from the settlements and agricultural operations or any commercial establishments. Such plants shall be located at least 100m away from the nearest dwelling preferably in the downwind direction. • The Contractor shall submit a detailed layout plan for all such plant sites established and approved by the SIO manager. • If any contractor has to establish crushers, hot mix plants and batching plants shall comply with the requirements of the relevant emission control legislations. Consent for Establishment and Operation from state pollution control board Odisha shall be obtained before establishment and operation and a copy to be submitted to the SIO Manager. • Arrangements to control dust pollution through provision of wind screen, water sprinklers and dust extraction systems shall have to be provided at all such sites (plants).
b) Borrow areas • If earth material is required or need to procure from borrow pits. • Finalisation of borrow areas for earth and all logistic arrangements as well as compliance to environmental requirements, as applicable shall be the sole responsibility of the Contractor. • Contractor shall identify the potential borrow areas and take permission from SIO manager before operating any borrow areas. • Arranging the borrow areas is the responsibility of the Contractor by obtaining consent from the land owners for removing the earth, if the land owners desires the borrow pits may be filled with sand and accordingly some budgetary provision has to be made by SIO in the estimates for complying MoEF conditions. • Contractor shall identify the potential borrow areas and take permission from SIO manager before operating any borrow areas. Earth material should be taken from barren land or selected borrow area during lean period as per IS Code 1498 after taking approval from SIO Manager. The criteria of selection is as follows: Selection Criteria of Borrow areas is as follows: IS 4701: 1982 • No borrow pits shall be dug within 5m of the toe of the embankment, if the depth of the borrow pit is less than 0.5m it shall be after 5m of the toe of the embankment and if the pit depth shall be more than 0.5m it shall be 10m of the toe of the embankment or within such a distance from the toe of the bank where a 4:1 hydraulic gradient line cuts the ground surface, which ever more. • Borrow pits shall be drained to avoid stagnation of water and the bottom should be levelled properly / bottom level of borrow pits should be fixed with reference to the prevailing ground slope towards the nearest natural drain based on the site conditions • Borrow pits shall not be more than 1m in depth and 25 m in length. • A clear distance of 1m shall be left between the pits
IEE & PC MCII 58 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
• The bed of borrow pits shall be left reasonably smooth and even. • Contractor shall not be permitted to lift any material from the forest areas. • The Contractor shall not start borrowing earth from selected borrow area until the mutual agreement is signed between landowner and Contractor. Copy of the document shall be submitted to SIO manager. • The Contractor in addition to the established practices, rules and regulation will also consider following criteria before finalizing the locations. 1) The borrow area should not be located in agriculture field unless unavoidable i.e. barren land is not available. 2) The borrow pits should not be located along the roads. 3) The loss of productive and agricultural land should be minimum. 4) The loss of vegetation is almost nil or minimum. 5) Sufficient quality of soil is available. 6) The Contractor will ensure the availability of suitable earth. The Contractor shall obtain representative samples from each of the identified borrow areas and have these tested at the site laboratory following a testing programme as approved by the concerned Engineer. It shall be ensured that the fill material compacted to the required density. • The Contractor after award of the contract may identify the potential private lands for borrow areas and he will take the approval for the borrow areas after testing the suitability and enter into mutual agreement with the land owners. As per the contractual conditions Contractor will arrange sites for borrow areas by making an agreement with the land owner, and he will also ensure to take the necessary permission for operating these borrow areas. The necessary royalty would be deducted by the SIO staff from the Contractor. Contractor would try to procure earth within a lead of 5 Km of the canal system in small quantities. Planning of haul roads for accessing borrow areas shall be undertaken during this stage. The haul roads shall be routed to avoid agricultural areas as well as forest areas as far as possible and shall use the existing village roads wherever possible. • The rehabilitation of the borrow areas shall be done by the contractor as per the land owners requirements.
c) Quarry areas • The Contractor shall finalize the quarry for procurement of construction materials after assessment of the availability of sufficient materials, quality and other logistic arrangements. • A preliminary survey has been carried out by the SIO and identified the quarry as mentioned in Chapter 3. • If extraction shall be done, prioritize sites already permitted by the Mining or concerned department, • Contractor shall purchase materials and finalize vendors who have valid permissions. The list of potential crusher who has valid license from State Pollution Control board, Odisha is enclosed for reference as Annexure 7. • If other sites are necessary and the contractor want to use, let the contractor obtain necessary permission from the concerned regulatory authority and inform SIO Manager. • The contractor shall avoid all forest areas for quarrying
IEE & PC MCII 59 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
d) Sand
• The sand shall be procured from identified (by SIO) sand mines as far as possible. If Contractor wishes to procure from other sources he shall obtain the lease agreement of the supplier 172. Most of the impacts during construction phase are temporary or short term in nature and can be mitigated by using appropriate methods.
a. Impact on Land Use:
173. The approx. 111 acres (32.73 acres of Govt. land and 78.27 acres of Private land) new land acquisition as per RP approved by ADB in July 2011 subsequently reduced to 103.14 acres is required for the sub project in addition to the earlier acquired lands. Some impact is anticipated as 1149 affected persons reduced to 1143 are going be affected and they need to be resettled properly as per RP plan These need to be resettled and compensated as per RP plan. Storage of construction materials and silt at construction sites may temporarily change local land use status. The disposal of debris and silt shall be done properly
174. The mitigation measures proposed are:
175. The Contractor while working in the branch canal( distributaries), minors and sub-minors shall follow the below:
¾ In some villages there is loss of more than 10 percent land of the APs. However, when we will consider the total land holding of each AP they may come under 10 percent loss category. All APs who are losing lands have been categorised into four affected categories (for more details refer RP report) in accordance with the percentage of land loss. In this subproject, only 192 APs (16.7%) out of 1149 affected persons are losing more than 10 percent of their productive assets The proposed RP budget is Rs. 56.89 million which includes compensation cost, livelihood assistance and RP implementation cost. Land acquisition cost will be borne by EA and the R & R cost will be borne out of the OIIAWMIP loan funds for RP implementation. ¾ Construction materials / silt should be stored properly and proper appropriate measures shall be taken while disposing the debris and silt. ¾ To the possible extent the materials like stone and other reusable materials shall be utilized in the construction. ¾ The iron and wood if any generated shall be taken into the surplus stock and the scrap shall be auctioned as per the procedures of Odisha Water Resources Department. ¾ The suitable material generated from cutting shall be used in the filling after material testing and obtaining necessary approval from the SIO. The remaining unsuitable material shall be disposed on the left side of the main canal after the toe line within the ROW and also in the adjacent suitable available land along the canal after obtaining necessary permission from the competent authority.
b. Impact of soil – soil erosion and siltation:
176. Excavation of new canals and degraded embankments, damage the soil. Scope for increased sedimentation build-up and clogging of surrounding waterways. Soil
IEE & PC MCII 60 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
erosion will take place during earthworks, such as filling and cutting for re-sectioning of the canals. The impact will be localized, short-term and minor. These activities will be conducted in the dry season. Mitigating and safeguarding measures to prevent excessive dust will be taken up by the contractor. Further safeguards associated with on-site activity and clean-up will be incorporated into the procurement documents. Improper excavation of borrow area might lead to water logging..,
177. The mitigation measures proposed are:
178. The Contractor while working in branch canal(distributaries), minors and sub- minors shall follow the below:
¾ Confirming excavations operations and slope stabilization work during the dry season only and use of silt traps ¾ Careful construction planning for surface protection particularly before monsoon season ¾ Earth material and selection of Borrow area as per IS code 1498 1970 reaffirmed 1970. ¾ Earthworks operations shall be strictly limited to the areas to be occupied by the permanent Works and approved borrow areas and quarries, unless otherwise permitted by the Project Manager. Due provision shall be made for temporary drainage. Erosion and/or instability and/or sediment deposition arising from earthwork operations not in accordance with the Specifications shall be made good immediately. ¾ The Contractor shall obtain the permission of the Project Manager before opening up any borrows or quarries. Such borrow pits and quarries may be prohibited or restricted in dimensions and depth by the Project Manager where:
(i) they might affect the stability or safety of the Works or adjacent property; (ii) they might interfere with natural or artificial drainage or irrigation; (iii) they may be environmentally unsuitable. (iv) the contractor should enter into an equitable agreement with landowner for borrow area redevelopment if any landowner requires and after completion of the borrow area the contractor obtains a “Satisfaction Letter “ or “No – objection Letter” from the land owner on a stamp paper preferably.
¾ At least 14 days before he intends to commence opening up any approved borrow pit or quarry, the Contractor shall submit to the Project Manager his intended method of working and restoration. These shall include but not be limited to:
(i) The location, design and method of construction of any access track; (ii) The volume and nature of materials to be removed; (iii) The sequence and method of excavation of materials; (iv) Measures for controlling runoff and sediment from the site during operations; and ¾ Proposals for site restoration including approximate finished levels, drainage, erosion and sediment control, slope stabilisation and re-vegetation, including reinstatement of any access track. ¾ The operation of borrow pits or borrow areas shall not be permitted until the method of working for that particular pit or area has been approved by the Project Manager in writing. Restoration shall be to the satisfaction of the Project Manager
IEE & PC MCII 61 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
¾ Soil erosion will take place during earthworks, such as filling and cutting for re- sectioning of the canals. The impact will be localized, short-term and minor. These activities will be conducted in the dry season. Mitigating and safeguarding measures to prevent excessive dust will be taken up by the contractor such as sprinkling of water. Further safeguards associated with on-site activity and clean-up will be incorporated into the procurement documents . ¾ Top soil generated from the borrow areas may be reused during turfing or distributed to farmers to the possible extent. ¾ The rehabilitation of the borrow areas shall be done by the contractor as per the land owners requirements. c. Impact on Access Roads and Haulage Roads
179. Deterioration in quality of roads and damage to some of the existing bridges on the canal anticipated while transporting the materials and narrow roads in the sub project area
180. The mitigation measures proposed are:
181. The Contractor while working in the branch canal (distributaries), minors and sub-minors shall follow the below:
¾ Limited construction period, careful planning on the movement of vehicles and restrictions on construction workers movement and adequate monitoring shall be carried out by the contractor ¾ All existing roads used by vehicles of the contractor or any of his suppliers of material shall maintain during construction period. Clear any materials dropped by the vehicles on the access roads. ¾ In the branch canals the VRBs in some stretches are not connected or completely partly so while transporting the contractor should ensure the structures doesn’t get damaged. ¾ As the sub project is connected with narrow canal roads while transporting material care shall be taken and contractor shall ensure he doesn’t block the passage with materials ¾ Even in the construction materials canals are yet to be formed and transporting of materials might require some haulage roads hence contractor shall ensure proper permission from the land owners and ensures proper maintenance and shall not damage the property.
d. Impact on Water Quality:
182. Water used in construction process is not in the large quantities. Thus impact on water quantity is negligible. However there would be other minor impacts that may arise are:
¾ Inadequate drainage in the temporary camp site resulting poor sanitation condition and surface and ground water pollution and promote breeding of mosquitoes. ¾ Contamination of ground and surface water due to inappropriate disposal of spoil materials, debris and waste ¾ Contamination of water due to fuels and lubricants and construction waste waters ¾ Erosion of embankments due to improper compaction
183. The mitigation measures proposed are:
IEE & PC MCII 62 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
184. The Contractor while working in the branch canal(distributaries), minors and sub- minors shall follow the below:
¾ Proper disposal/reuse of construction spoils and silt generated from desilting operation considering environmental safeguard ¾ Arrangement to drain out wastewater from construction site should be planned as per the site conditions i.e. along the natural gradients. The Contractors are hiring buildings for Camp as these are scattered works. If Contractor establishes any Camp he shall ensure adequate drainage and sanitation at the site. ¾ The contractor shall procure the fuel from the nearest authorized outlets, if any minor storage if he has to make he shall ensure he doesn’t contaminate the area. ¾ Contractor shall avoid oil spillages etc., ¾ Contractor shall not wash his vehicles in the canals ¾ Contractor shall ensure or install equipments in such a way that the waste water doesn’t enter the canal during monsoon season. ¾ Contractor shall ensure proper compaction during excavation of the earthwork as per specification. ¾ To protect the canal from erosion in the completed earth work of the sections of the canals a provision for turfing has been made
e. Impact on Air Quality:
185. Deterioration of air quality would be mainly due to fugitive dust emission from construction activities, and gaseous emissions from construction equipments and vehicular movements. These impacts would be short term in nature and limited to the project site and construction phase only.
186. The mitigation measures proposed are: 187. The Contractor while working in the branch canal (distributaries), minors and sub-minors shall follow the below:
¾ Contractor shall ensure trucks carrying soil, sand and stone will be duly covered to avoid spilling. ¾ Contractor shall ensure adequate dust suppression measures such as regular sprinkling of water especially at the time of construction along the village corridor will be undertaken. Contractor shall ensure that all construction equipments and vehicles are in good working condition, properly tuned and maintained to keep emissions within permissible limits.
f. Impact on Noise Level:
188. The construction phase will see the operation of only light construction machinery, which is known to emit sounds with moderate decibel (dB). Temporary impacts in the immediate vicinity of project site may occur due to noise generated from construction activities superimposed with existing vehicular noise. The magnitude of impact will depend upon specific types of equipment to be used, the construction methods employed and scheduling of the work. The construction noise will be intermittent and of short duration and mostly during day time.
189. The mitigation measures proposed are:
IEE & PC MCII 63 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
190. The Contractor while working in the branch canal (distributaries), minors and sub-minors shall follow the below:
¾ In order to reduce these impacts it will be ensured that all construction equipment and vehicles used in construction shall strictly conform to the MoEF / CPCB standards. ¾ All vehicles exceeding the limits shall be fitted with exhaust silencers. ¾ Regular servicing of all construction vehicles and machinery shall be done regularly and during servicing the effectiveness of exhaust silencers shall be checked. ¾ All the construction sites within in 150m of the nearest habitation, noisy construction work such as crushing, operation of DG sets and any high noise construction equipments shall be stopped during night time between 10.00pm and 6.00 am. ¾ Working hours of the construction activities around sensitive areas like schools / hospitals upto a distance of 100m shall be restricted.
g. Impact on Biological Environment:
191. The project site does not include any rare or endangered species of plant and animals. Thus, no impacts on rare / endangered species are envisaged due to site operations. The increased irrigation facilities in the area will actually enhance the environmental conditions resulting in more greenery. There is also a possibility of planting more trees by farmers due to the easy availability of water. Only few canal side trees will be felled during construction phase.
192. The mitigation measures proposed are: ¾ The Contractor while working in main canal, distributaries and minors and WUAs while working in sub-minors shall follow the below: ¾ The sub-project shall have a provision for planting around 2650 trees along the canal banks against the tree loss if any in the subproject. However, to comply to the MoEF clearance conditions the MCII project estimates as per draft revised estimate July 2011 has a provision for planting 5033 trees with a budget of 41.52 lakhs in the estimates. As per the SIO staff an amount of 55.02 lakhs was spent towards plantation to comply with MoEF conditions during WRCP period ¾ Plantation of indigenous tree species along the irrigation canal compensates loss of flora. ¾ The survival of trees needs to be monitored by the WUAs and SIO staff.
h. Flora & Fauna
193. The project site does not include any rare or endangered species of plant and animals. Thus, no impacts on rare / endangered species are envisaged due to site operations. There are no forests areas in the command area of MCII project neither have there been any sightings of wild animals spotted in this area. However due to the construction of the canal systems approximately 663 trees are likely to be cut in the sub-project. The DOWR will also ensure to plant additional trees as part of compensatory afforestation programme or green belt development to compensate
IEE & PC MCII 64 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
the loss of these trees cut and also to comply the MoEF environmental conditions. There is also a possibility of planting more trees by farmers due to the easy availability of water.
i. Impact on Social Environment
194. Some of the social impacts associated with the sub project are : ¾ As new land acquisition of approx. 111 acres (32.73 acres of Government land and 78.27 acres of Private agricultural land) as per RP approved by ADB in July 2011 subsequently reduced to 103.14 acres (84.80 private agricultural lands and 18.34 acres of government land) covering approximately 47 of 50 villages, affecting 12 numbers of assets and with an approx. 1149 affected persons reduced 1143 ( 7826 affected population) in addition to the earlier acquired land of 228.76 acres which is in possession of DoWR before 2006. ¾ Clearing of some encroachments ( RD 17.4 km and 19.0km of CRBC etc.,). ¾ Some change in landuse and landcover will take place, as it is only concerns the formation of some new canals by acquiring approx 8 to 10m (minors and sub minors) and ¾ Resectioning of the existing canal system which will result in positive development in the area as a result of irrigation i.e additional 5930 ha of land. 195. Some of the impacts and mitigation measures are as follows:
¾ The land acquisition and assessment process is going on with the help of land acquisition officer and survey and enumeration of project affected persons carried out with the help of NGO and the ISPMC R & R Specialist prepared a separate report which provides the details of project affected persons (PAP), land acquisition etc and the process would be monitored with the help of ISPMC. The affected persons (1149 reduced to 1143 with 7826 affected population spread over 47 of 50 villages Annexure 6 & 6a) and benefiting an additional area of 5930 ha which will be covered under irrigation are given compensation and livelihood assistance as approved by DoWR and ADB. ¾ In some villages there is loss of more than 10 percent land of the APs. However, when we will consider the total land holding of each AP they may come under 10 percent loss category. All APs who are losing lands have been categorised into four affected categories (for more details refer RP report) in accordance with the percentage of land loss. In this subproject, only 192 APs (16.7%) out of 1149 affected persons are losing more than 10 percent of their productive assets however this may out weight the number of people who get benefited covering 5930 acres of command area and even the affected persons will also get the benefit of improved irrigation and increased productivity. ¾ The proposed Resettlement Plan(RP) budget is R56.89 million which includes compensation cost, livelihood assistance and RP implementation cost. The land acquisition cost will be borne by Executing Agency (EA) and the R&R cost will be borne out of the OIIAWMIP loan funds for RP implementation for more details kindly refer Resettlement Plan for MCII during July 2011. ¾ The sub project is to be implemented on a community participative basis, with full consultation during the planning and design process. ¾ Most impacts pertaining to the establishment of the proposed scheme are positive in nature, the soils in the area will become more stable and the area will have a source
IEE & PC MCII 65 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
of irrigation and farm use water, which has a positive impact on the agriculture of the area, thereby enhancing farm incomes. ¾ During the construction phase, there may be an influx of migrant skilled and unskilled workers in the project area. This will be restricted to the construction phase of the project. Efforts will be made to recruit local workers from the area as a priority to create employment opportunities and provide a sense of well being among local people as well as social compatibility among the people. ¾ Most impacts pertaining to the establishment of the proposed scheme are positive in nature, the soils in the area will become more stable and the area will have a source of irrigation and farm use water, which has a positive impact on the agriculture of the area, thereby enhancing farm incomes. ¾ However, there are some negative impacts which could result from water distribution through distributaries, such as water seepage and water logging, and insufficient water supply to downstream users. ¾ Labour/construction camps will be sited based on consultation with local communities with the priority of causing the least disruption to the residents and the surrounding environment. Transport routes for materials to the site, given the proximity of the residents houses etc. will also be selected with community consultation such that minimal disturbance will be made to residents. Given the proximity of the houses to the entry road to the site, the final selection of the entry route to the site for construction purposes will need to be carefully monitored for impacts during the construction period. ¾ The location of key infrastructure under the Main Contract is located at a distance from the communities, therefore the camp sites are unlikely to cause disturbance to the communities. ¾ For construction activities undertaken close to communities, movement of construction equipment, vehicles and personnel will be regulated to avoid traffic jams and noise. ¾ After completion of all construction activities, excess construction material and debris, is should be removed from the site and disposed of in the low lying areas within ROW. ¾ No civil works are to be carried out in the vicinity of villages or settlements during evening hours, times of rest or when any cultural procession or activity is underway j. Occupational Health and Safety
196. The potential impacts of occupational hazards are minor due to handling of cement and working in excavations. Few proposed canal alignment pass through Odisha district roads (ODR), village roads and the narrow canal service road which is also connecting road for some villages, so while working at these places safety requirement is most important. These impacts can be mitigated through proper safety measures. The Construction contractor will be required to
¾ Develop and implement site specific safety and health plan which include measures like: (a) proper safety measures while working at VRB’s (b) ensuring all workers are provided with and use of Personal Protective Equipments (PPE); (c) contractor ensuring all workers follow the documented procedures and providing health and safety training to the workers ¾ Providing first aid kits at the work sites at all times ¾ Providing insurance including medical coverage for workers ¾ Providing basic amenities like drinking water, clean eating areas, sanitation etc
IEE & PC MCII 66 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
¾ Safety and security of the work sites etc ¾ Providing proper lighting arrangement while working in the nights ¾ Moving equipment and vehicles equipped with back alarms or flag men ¾ Maintaining equipment properly and ensuring the workers are not exposed to noise high noise level and use of hearing protection etc if required should be enforced ¾ Providing appropriate sign boards while excavation / construction work and providing proper barricades for preventing people and animals. k. Community Health and Safety
197. Most sections of the canals are passing through crop lands except few locations canal passes adjacent to the river embankment and at some places residential localities and canal bank serve as an access road in the areas. So construction contractor should ensure the materials he dumps or equipments he installs will not obstruct the movement of local people. If necessary he will ensure proper safety measures in the areas and take dust suppression measures adequately to prevent dust pollution etc.
198. The section of the canal pass have electric poles along the canal or sometimes electric lines cross across the canal so the Contractors while working shall ensure all precautions and prevent any danger from electrical line or equipments and ensures that they doesn’t cause any inconvenience to the people. The SIO shall identify the electric poles / lines that may hinder the movement people and machines during construction and SIO shall request the local electricity department for shifting such poles/ lines by depositing the required shifting charges from the department contingency funds.
199. The contractor Camp can cause some temporary disturbance to the surrounding areas if established near the residential areas, so care should be taken while identifying the areas and ensure the place is not polluted due to the storage of oils/ fuels used for construction. While storing fuel he ensures he practices approved practices of storing fuels and train the staff in handling and recovering the materials. Provide proper lighting, sanitation and drinking water facilities for the workers and staff. If the contractor constructs any temporary structures he will follow the approved practices and clear the site and handover to the concerned and take a no –objection or satisfaction letter.
200. Also make sure that any open areas are properly demarcated by use of safety tapes to avoid people falling in
4. Operation Phase Impact
201. The Water Users Associations for the subproject are yet to be formed, after the construction of canals, the responsibility of maintenance of branch canal and minors will be with DoWR and sub-minors shall be handed over to the WUAs or PP.
a. Impact on Irrigation Water Quality and Quantity
202. Periodic testing of water for chemical and biological properties will help in establishing a database on water quality. This will help in taking planning decision and remedial measures for any adverse impacts on the water quality. The result of
IEE & PC MCII 67 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
the testing if disseminated to the pani panchayats would help in bringing awareness to the local people.
203. Weed removal should be done regularly and community should be made aware of the causes of weed growth and washing of domestic animals and letting domestic sewage into the canal should be checked with help of pani panchayats. If proper water planning not done with PP there could lead to conflicts hence WUA shall be formed at the earliest and they need to involved WUAs. Hence WUA, Apex committee and Distibutary committees shall be involved in the water planning and distribution.
b. Impact on canal system due to weeds
204. Fast multiplying weeds like water hyacinth reduces or impairs flow of water and reduces water availability and damages structures and increases mosquitoes if unchecked. At present they are present in the main canal only. So regular deweeding and checking of weeds by mechanical means or by usage of herbicides. Pani Panchayat members including community members shall be made aware and encouraged to prepare compost / vermi compost etc. The State Agriculture Policy 2013 emphasizes on the provision of assistance for organic farming i.e. provision of subsidy for establishing vermi compost units, so linkages shall be established with the local agriculture department. or recycling of water hyacinth can be taken up under livelihood assistance program to demonstrate and train the PP in the preparation of ornaments from water hyacinth..
c. Impact on the aesthetics
205. After completion of works, replanting of economically and aesthetically important plants can be ensured along the canal. Greening of the area may offset the ecological effects of the clearing and felling of any trees during construction phase. So monitoring of trees and their survival planted along the canal shall be ensured.
d. Impact due to non -maintenance
206. The responsibility of maintaining main canal, distributaries lies with the SIO staff and minor and sub-minors with WUAs after PP formation for the subproject. The responsibilities of PP are as:
¾ Removal of silt and proper up keeping off minor/ sub-minor/ water courses / field channels and field drains ¾ Repair and maintenance of inspection path and service roads ¾ Removal of grass, shrubs and bushes from the canal embankment and canal beds ¾ Repair and maintenance of all structures in the distribution system handed over for operation and maintenance. ¾ Restoration of banks – earthwork ¾ Repairs to lining, painting, plastering and replacing damage portions to structures etc.
IEE & PC MCII 68 Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture & Water Management Investment Program (OIIAWMIP)
e. Soil modification
207. Agriculture practiced by beneficiary farmers will intensify as a result of infrastructure improvements. The nature and extent of improvements will be influenced by agriculture extension. The changes in agriculture practices may result in soil modifications, including increased susceptibility to slumping, reduced nutrient status and impaired structure if the organic matter content is not maintained. These can be mitigated by including sustainable land use practices in the agriculture extension component which is part of the program and awareness building of the farmers / PPs on crop diversification. These include (i) continued use of traditional terrace construction and management of water flows, (ii) the use of deep rooting grasses and shrubs to further strengthen bunds and terrace walls, and (iii) promotion of continued use of organic based practices like use of bio-fertilizers.
f. Soil and water contamination due to agrochemicals
208. The intensification of agriculture may also result in increased use of agrochemicals including mineral fertilizers and pesticides, which may result in soil and water contamination. Although the use of agrochemical is currently far less than the level applied in productive agriculture systems, these need to be carefully monitored, and mitigated through agriculture extension that promotes (i) optimum, informed use of mineral fertilizers in combination with organic manure, (ii) promotion of the concept of integrated pest management, focusing on cost effective and environmentally friendly or benign pest management techniques; and (iii) emphatic discouragement of the use of persistent and banned pesticides.
g. Biodiversity
209. Introduction of high yielding varieties (HYV) if any in the sub project area at the expense of traditional low yielding varieties might affect the agricultural biodiversity of the area. These can be mitigated by establishing linkages with local agriculture department on (i) awareness raising through the agriculture extension component and through training and support to WUAs of the importance of maintaining diversity of farming practices and local landscape, (ii) promoting under the agriculture extension component the maintenance of variety of production of both cash and subsistence crops and (iii) promoting under the agriculture extension component the use of indigenous multi-purpose trees for soil protection, watershed management and cash crop production.
210. The renovation and modernization of this project will have beneficial impacts in terms of improved irrigation and road facilities in the area that increase overall agriculture production and improved economic conditions of the area.
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VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION
A. General
211. The consultation, participation and disclosure has been taken up as an integral part of environmental assessment process for this project and was used as a tool to inform and educate stakeholders about the proposed project. It helped in identification of needs of the local population that is likely to be benefited. Aiming at promotion of public understanding and fruitful solutions of developmental problems such as local needs of farmers and problem and prospect associated with irrigation facilities, various sections of community people and other stakeholders were consulted through individual consultations. It was attended by local farmers, gram panchyat members and engineers from DOWR.
212. Discussions were held with groups of beneficiaries during initial field visits and the preparation of feasibility studies for the core sub-projects. During these discussions, the scheme was discussed with groups of beneficiaries, typically 10 to 20 persons in size, and their views sought on key issues including (i) anticipated effects of the proposed scheme improvement, (ii) the extent and nature of changes in land use that may occur with improved supplies of irrigation water (iii) presence of any sites of archaeological or cultural importance (iv) land stability in the around the existing scheme and (v) potential land use conflicts. No serious concerns were raised by villagers during these discussions. Villagers anticipated higher yields of existing crops as well as the ability to produce a greater range of crops, including cash crops, as well marketable surpluses that would increase cash incomes.
B. Stages and Level of consultation
213. The consultations were carried during initial IEE report preparation and also during revised IEE updation. The list of villagers present during focus discussion is given in Annexure 9 & and the participants of the latest public consultation( September 2012) as part of IEE updation as per ADB SPS 2009 are given 10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f and 10g. in The findings of focus group discussion for individual village are given in Annexure 11 & and the summary of latest consultation carried out as part of IEE updation as per ADB SPS 2009 during September 2012 are given in 12,12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, 12f and 12g. The Kay persons met is given in Annexure 13 sources of data are given in bibliography that is given in Annexure 13a. Household surveys are also conducted in selected villages to understand the present problem of irrigation system.
214. The public consultation has been taken up as an integral part of resettlement and environmental assessment process for this sub-project. The process of Consultation was used as a tool to inform and educate stakeholders about the project. It has helped in identification of needs of the local population that are likely to displaced and benefited. Aiming at promotion of public understanding and fruitful solution of developmental problem such as local needs of farmers, problems and prospects associated with irrigation facilities, various sections of community people and other stakeholders were consulted through individual; consultations. It was attended by local farmers, gram panchayat members and engineers of DoWR.
215. As part of Resettlement Plan preparation consultation were conducted, the details are available in Chapter -4 of the “Asian Development Bank Financed
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Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation Project Land and Livelihood Assistance Plan” report prepared for the sub – project in July 2011. However the summary of the issues taken from the report are also presented here. Consultations and discussions were held along the subprojects with the affected families and other stakeholders including village heads, Sarpanch / Gram Panchayat members, heads of households, women’s groups and other vulnerable groups like the scheduled caste and BPL people. A discussion guide was prepared for this purpose and consulted during community consultations. These meetings got wider public input from both the primary (affected community members) and secondary stakeholders (non-affected members of the community, government line department officials, village opinion leaders). The consultation is a continuous process and will be carried out through the project period. The consultation methods followed to elicit required information (their views, opinions and perceptions) are detailed below in Table 34
Table 34 Methods of Consultations
Stakeholders Consultation Method Local communities Individual Interviews, field level observations, transect, community consultations and meetings Individual household interview on a sample Census and socio-economic survey basis Village Pradhan (local elected representatives) Small discussions/individual interview Women’s groups Focus Group Discussions Other vulnerable groups (SC, ST, BPL) Focus Group Discussions Education and Health Workers Focus Group Discussions NGO’s and community based organizations Small discussions/individual interview
Department of Water Resources/EA Individual interview, discussion, field visit Line Departments Individual meeting/interview, discussion ( Source: “Asian Development Bank Financed Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation Project Land and Livelihood Assistance Plan” prepared for the sub –project in July 2011)
216. Some of the major issues that were discussed and feedback received from the villagers during the course of the consultations are summarized below Table 35. Details of village meetings conducted as part of resettlement plan preparation available in Annexure-5 of “Asian Development Bank Financed Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation Project Land and Livelihood Assistance Plan” report prepared for the sub –project in July 2011.
Table 35 Issues of Public Consultation emerged during resettlement plan preparation
Sl. No Major Issues Status Remarks 1 High compensation on land loss Joint decision was taken in a Resolved requested common forum to provide best possible price based on the prevailing existing market price and benchmark assessment in the locality on land valuation. . 2 Additional assistance/package In presence of Director R&R, Resolved requested DoWR, GoO decision was taken to give livelihood
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assistance to each RoR holder as per the extent of land loss. This has been communicated to the APs and budget provision has been made. 3 Canal re-alignment requested so Joint field verification was Resolved that less number of marginal undertaken by EE, SLA&RO farmers are affected. and RS, ISPMC in the presence of the villagers. The alternate canal alignments proposed by the villagers have been accepted and notified.
(Source: “Asian Development Bank Financed Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation Project Land and Livelihood Assistance Plan” prepared for the sub –project in July 2011)
217. However to assess the environmental impacts that may arise due to the proposed construction or ERM of the sub-project, discussions were held with groups of beneficiaries during initial field visits and the preparation of feasibility studies for the core sub-projects and during September 2012 as part for revising the IEE to meet the compliance of ADB SPS 2009. During these discussions, the scheme was discussed with groups of beneficiaries, typically 10 to 20 persons in size, and the key finding are :
¾ Focus group discussions (FGDs) were used as an effective tool in the public participation process. The FGDs were held at Mahenga, Kalabuda, Bangari, Brahmapur, Danlo, Bharagola, Baripala and Managrajpur covering CRBC, PLBC, minors and sub-minors proposed covering head, middle and tail part of village with the help of local NGO active in R& R issues, SIO staff etc.
218. Issues discussed with the village community are regarding environmental aspects are given below. ¾ Awareness and extent of the project and development components ¾ Benefits of Project for the economic and social Upliftment of Community ¾ Labour availability in the Project area or requirement of outside labour involvement ¾ Sources of water for the villager and quality of available water ¾ Overall dependency on canal system ¾ Local disturbances due to Project Construction Work ¾ Need to check alignment and some designs ¾ Availability of Borrow earth and scope for contractor to purchase land and obtain ¾ Water logging and drainage problem if any ¾ Forest and sensitive area nearby the project site ¾ Movement of wild animal if any within the village ¾ Use of fertilizer, manure, pesticide and bio-fertilizer ¾ Precaution during application of pesticide ¾ Soil salinity problem
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¾ Necessity of testing of water and soil. ¾ Compensation pending issues etc
C. Issues and Action Plan
219. On the basis of FGD some action plan is being recommended for fulfillment of villager demands and issues and mitigation of short term impacts and depicted below: Table 36 Focus Group Discussions issues and actions taken
Sr. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village Action to be No. community Taken 1 Awareness of the project – Pre- including coverage area Aware of the proposed activities implementation but not about ADB funding awareness needs more awareness should be raised by PIM activities 2 Presence of any forest, wild No sensitive areas like forest Noted life or any sensitive / unique and wild life sanctuaries in the environmental components environs nearby the project area 3 Presence of historical/ cultural No cultural sites or few temples Noted sites are reported which may be adjacent to the branch canal or proposed alignment 4 Occurrence of flood In some village floods occurred Noted during 1982 , 2002 and 2011, as a result of floods field were inundated with water 5 Drainage problem –Water In some villages drainage Noted and logging /canal water seepage problem but requires drain SIO shall clearing due to siltation there is intimate to the some congestion drainage division 6 Salinity problem No salinity except some tail end Noted village receive back waters in the Paika river, so tube wells shallow depth are saline. 7 Testing of soil and water No idea of water testing but Noted and co- some farmers has given soil ordination with samples to agriculture agriculture department but results were no department shared with the farmers. During implementation of OIIAWMIP project linkage shall be established with agriculture department . The project has resources
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Sr. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village Action to be No. community Taken persons and NGOs as part agricultural support who will look into dissemination 8 Cultivation practices during Kharif Crops – Rainfed Paddy Noted Kharif and Rabi seasons Rabi crops – Moong, Beri, vegetables etc Need advice from agriculture department 9 Use of fertilizer and pesticides No organic fertilizers except Noted and for cultivation of crops cow dung they use inorganic integration and fertilizer. Fertilizer inputs per awareness acre( DAP – 50 kgs, P - - 25 kgs raising on and Urea – 50 kgs) organic Pesticides are endosulphan and farming themat etc needed 10 Safety aspects during Farmers are using cloth as Awareness spraying/ application of mask while spraying pesticides building pesticide needed 11 Occurrence of pesticide No contamination noted Yes during contamination of surface sub project water and contamination of implementation fish soil testing are being proposed the result would be disseminated to PP and cross checked 12 Ground water depth in the Water depth ranges from 80 to Noted area 1200’ in the project benefited villages due to saline water pockets drilling under taken to a greater depth 13 Availability of earth / borrow Contractor has to purchase Noted areas private land and procure, the depth of the soil is approx. 7 to 30 ‘. Private lands available for borrow areas no government land 14 Availability of labour during Local labour available but may Noted construction time not be sufficient and villagers have no objection for outside labour 15 Access road to project site Narrow canal service road Noted available, while transporting materials for the minors might need haulage roads 16 Setting up worker camp site Space available with the village, Noted within the village contractor can hire some private
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Sr. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village Action to be No. community Taken buildings also 17 Dust and noise pollution and Villagers mentioned they do Noted disturbances during not have any problem since it construction work would be a short term impact 18 Safety of residents during Safety aspects needed as Application of construction phase and plying some schools were noticed safety of vehicle for construction adjacent to canal measures as activities per EMP 19 Conflict among beneficiaries Presently its rainfed agriculture Noted downstream users no conflicts are present with in the village 20 Enhancement of other Not needed Noted facilities 21 Non availability of canal water Water available river Noted during construction embankment adjacent in CRBC and PLBC 22 Any issues pertaining to Land Villagers said still there are Noted acquisition some 30 to 40 cases pending related to CRBC, Old WRCP pending cases and temples lands pending compensation cases they need to be resolved before taking up work 23 Any issues related to In some villages people Noted alignment and design expressed present canal section and alignment not proper requires some modification, even if canal forms they need to head up so provision for falls should be made in the design. Need some change in the Nischinta minor alignment etc., and most the villagers expressed the project is beneficial which will enhance their yields and livelihood.
D. Future Consultation and Disclosure
220. During construction period also consultations will be carried out with affected persons, stakeholders. Small meetings with the Pani Panchayat members and farmers and other vulnerable communities including women will consulted to address any issues related to the proposed construction. The findings would be presented in the monitoring reports that would be submitted to ADB. The brief executive summary of the IEE would be translated into local language and it would be made available to local people at SIO office.
221. As per the ADB SPS 2009, for Environment Category “B” subprojects, the following documents will be submitted to ADB for disclosure on ADB’s website. ¾ Draft IEE
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¾ Final IEE ¾ A new or updated IEE and corrective action plan prepared during project implementation, if any, and ¾ Environmental Monitoring reports
VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISMS
222. A joint social and environmental redress mechanism will be implemented under the Project. The Grievance Redressal Committee has been constituted for MCII Subproject at PMU level comprising of the Project Director, Environmental Officer, Resettlement Officer, representatives from local non –government organizations (NGOs), elected representatives from Municipality / Panchayat, representatives of affected persons including vulnerable groups and women in the committee. It is proposed GRC will meet regularly (at least once a month) on a prefixed date. All the grievances of the people will be reviewed and resolved within 6 weeks of the date of submission. Through public consultations and disclosure, the APs will be informed that they have a right to grievance redressed. The APs can call upon the support of the NGO to assist them in presenting their grievances or queries to GRC. The GRC proposed for R&R shall be utilized for environmental aspects and also through village level consultations.
223. Grievances and suggestions from local and affected people may come-up related to inappropriate implementation of the project and components of EMP. Grievance re-dress mechanism shall be translated in Odia language and posted to the respective village/Panchayat office by Contractor on behalf of the OIIAWMIP at least 6 weeks prior to commencement of construction works.
224. The expected range of grievances to be handled through this mechanism will encompass but not limited to the following: i) nuisance from noise, dust, borrow earth, disposal of spoil and temporary blocking of access; ii) contamination of receiving water from runoff iii) emissions from increase vehicular traffic and stationary sources like hot mix plant, WMM etc., iv) conflict between local residents and migrant workers; v) ownership of vegetation for clearing; and vi) damage compensation. These issues will be addressed through acknowledgement, evaluation and corrective action and response approach. Grievances from public or stakeholders concerning the project and EMP implementation will be received by the concerned Executive Engineer (SIO Manager) of the sub-project. The Executive Engineer shall refer the application to PD, PMU who with the help of Construction Management Specialist, Quality Control and Assurance Specialist and Environment specialist of ISPMC then assess the grievances/suggestions and if they are found to be genuine and acceptable, shall be moved to GRC and they will be resolved within 6 weeks from the date of receipt. In site the Contractor shall provide a sign board notifying the contact details of the GRC.
225. This mechanism is non-judicial in nature and does not preclude the affected people coursing their grievances to the courts. The corrective action will be started as per the action plan indicated to the stakeholder. The action taken and the outcome shall form a part of half yearly report to ADB.
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VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
A General
226. This chapter describes the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (EMP) to mitigate the likely adverse impacts arising from this project. This chapter also provides institutional requirements and environmental monitoring plans required to effectively implement the environmental mitigation measures into the project.
B Institutional Arrangement
227. The Figure 9 shows the organization structure of the DoWR for the OIIAWMIP project.
(Note:EIC – Engineer in Chief; C.E –Chief Engineer; S.E- Superintendent Engineer; E.E – Executive Engineer, A.E – Assistant Engineer, J.E – Junior Engineer; CAD – Command Area Development, O &M – Operation& Maintenance; D.D – Deputy Director; PPSU – Pani Panchayat Support unit; ISPMC- Institutional Strengthening and Project Management Consultants)
Figure 9 : Organization structure of the DoWR for the OIIAWMIP project
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The key agencies involved in implementation of EMP are: 228. DoWR is the Executing Agency for OIIAWMIP. The DoWR has been reorganized to constitute a Command Area Development and Participatory Irrigation Management Directorate (CAD&PIM Directorate) for more effectively integrating irrigation system management and on-farm development through participation of the Pani Panchayats. The Project is being implemented through the existing setup technically headed by EIC. Special Secretary, DoWR has been designated as the Engineer-in-Chief for OIIAWMIP. Special Secretary, DoWR will advise and guide on overall implementation matters including PIM-CAD.
229. A Project Management Unit (PMU) has been established within the CAD&PIM Directorate with a Project Director of the rank of Chief Engineer operating under the overall guidance of Additional Secretary cum Director CAD - PIM with the overall responsibility of program implementation. Chief Engineer cum Project Director, PMU will exercise the powers vested by the OPWD code for execution of all civil works. At the field level Sub-project Implementation Offices (SIO) have been formed to implement the program. For Major irrigation sub-projects the concerned Superintending Engineer is the Sub-project manager and the concerned Executive Engineer is the Sub-project manager for Medium irrigation Sub-projects. The Sub-Project Manager, who is a Superintending Engineer (SE) for major irrigation systems and an EE for medium schemes, will manage the Technical Cell as well as monitor and guide the CAD and PP Support Cells for effective integration and coordination of the sub-project activities, under the support and guidance of PMU, EIC (P&D), and ISPM Consultants provided through regular PMU-SIO meetings.
230. DoWR for effective implementation of Tranche-2 sub-projects under OIIAWMIP proposes to create one Circle, four Divisions, 12 Sub-Divisions under the Chief Engineer – cum – Project Director, PMU.
Circle: One Superintending Engineer S.E will be in charge of circle office. He will be responsible for the managing the Technical Cell as well as monitor and guide the CAD and PP Support Cells for effective integration and coordination of the sub-project activities. Division: Under each division one Executive Engineer (E.E) will be in charge of the division for, processing tender and bid documents executing the works, check measurement etc. He will ensure the quality of the ongoing works etc. Sub-Division: Under each sub-division Assistant Engineer / Asst. Executive Engineer shall be in charge of the sub-division office. He will be supported by field functionaries like Junior Engineer and other field for execution, check measurement, monitoring the works and ensuring the quality of the work.
231. The Junior Engineer at the field level will be responsible for day to day environmental monitoring and the overall supervision and responsibility of EMP implementation will be with the concerned SIO ( S.E for Major sub project and E.E for medium sub project).
C Institutional Strengthening and Project Management Consultants (ISPMC)
232. The ISPMC will have an Environment Specialist, Resettlement Specialist and Indigenous group Specialist who will support the PMU in advising and monitoring the EMP measures with help of SIO Staff and WUAs. The ISPMC will assist in reviewing all the contractors monthly environmental reports submitted by
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Contractors through SIO in consultation with PMU. They will assist the PMU in preparing environmental monitoring reports and other reports like preparation of IEEs, RP and social assessment reports.
D Responsible for carrying out monitoring measures - Staffing Requirements
233. As per the “ Environmental Assessment and Review Frame work (EARF) prepared for the project it states that “PMU will be responsible to undertake (i) environmental screening at subproject identification stage; (ii) preparation of IEEs/EIAs at subproject appraisal stage; and (iii) environmental management and mitigation during subproject implementation and operational stage. At appraisal, IEEs /EIAs will be done with the engagement of consulting firms who would be guided by the project environmental specialist. Environmental management and mitigation will be undertaken by the construction contractors during construction phase under the supervision of the designated staff in the subproject management offices (SIOs) and monitored by PMU environmental cell. The consultants mobilized for institutional strengthening and project management will also be entrusted to provide necessary capacity development of the DOWR engineers and SIO (S.E for major sub project and E.E for medium subproject) in terms of environmental planning and management”.
234. The PMU / SIO of DoWR assisted by the WUAs, and the Institutional Strengthening and Project Management Consultants (ISPMC) will be guiding the implementation of the EMP. During project works the responsibility to implement environmental mitigation and safeguards shall be primarily on the Contractor for main canal, distributaries and minors and monitored by the SIO staff, DoWR. The field level Junior Engineer shall be made responsible for the monitoring the EMP activities of the Contractors. The SIO staff and WUAs with the help of ISPMC, Environment Specialist will monitor the EMP implementation of the Contractor.
235. For MCII subproject the construction of sub minors shall be done by the Contractor and after formation of PP/ WUAs, the responsibilities shall be on WUAs and monitored by SIO. Pani Panchayat Support Unit (PPSU) is the state level apex agency who is responsible for strengthening the PP activities. Under PPSU one Environmental Monitoring Specialist was recruited to provide capacity building of the PPs. He may be made responsible for the monitoring of WUAs along with SIO staff and these will work under the overall guidance of ISPMC. The WUAs will end up leading O&M responsibilities with the help of Environmental Monitoring Specialist of PPSU, CAD unit.
236. The current structure of DoWR indicates that they have no environmental management system. The WUAs will end up leading O&M responsibilities. Neither DOWR nor the WUAs are currently in a position to assume EMP responsibility. Their institutional capabilities and capacities will have to be developed and strengthened under the Project.
237. So for effective monitoring there is a need to designate or made in charge one Junior Engineer (Technical / Works) from each sub-project to look into the environmental aspects, he may be named as “ Environmental Co-coordinator” who would be working under the guidance of National Environment Specialist- ISPMC in addition to his regular duties. The Environmental Co-coordinators would be trained time to time; this will ensure proper and systematic environmental monitoring and ensuring timely compliances from the contractors.
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In addition Junior Engineer (O&M) would also be trained along with the Junior Engineer (Technical / Works) who will monitor after the completion of works i.e. during “Operation and Maintenance Period”.
238. To make environmental monitoring integral in to the system and since the projects are of larger scale there is a need for systematic and continuous monitoring. To ensure systematic monitoring the ISPMC had developed formats presented in Annexure-.14. The format has to be filled up and submitted by the Contractor to SIO staff on a monthly basis. The Contractors and SIO shall be trained for filling up the format during the project period.
239. As per the Technical Specification for construction of civil works of ADB assisted schemes, DoWR, Odisha Section – 6 Clause – 1.23 – Sub – Clause 1.23.2, Contractors shall be designate as “Safety Officers” and he shall also be made responsible for environmental issues and he shall be named as an “Environmental Co-ordinator” from the Contractors side and he shall also be trained on the environmental issues.
E. Reporting System or Responsible for Reporting
240. Reporting system suggested under this project is three tier systems: ¾ Reporting of the Contractor and WUAs to the SIO staff.(For the civil works implemented by Contractors monitoring shall be done SIO with the help of ISPMC and for the civil works carried out by WUAs monitoring shall be done by SIO with the help of PPSU Environmental Monitoring Specialist). ¾ Reporting of ISPMC, Environment Specialist after evaluating the contractor reports and evaluating the indicators at PMU level (The reports submitted by Contractors shall be evaluated by ISPMC Environment Specialist and feedback provided to SIO and PMU); In addition, ISPMC, Resettlement Specialist for resettlement issues and Vulnerable Group Specialist responsible for preparing Indigenous People Development Plan (IPDP) and for any social related issues. ¾ PMU reporting to ADB and PMU shall submit annual environmental monitoring report to ADB
241. Environmental monitoring suggested involves regular checking of the parameters suggested in the environmental management plan to ascertain the mitigation measures are achieved as the work progress. It provides the necessary feedback and midcourse corrections for project management to keep the program to achieve the expected outputs.
242. The reporting system starts with the construction Contractor who is the main executor of the implementation activities. The Contractor will report on a monthly basis to SIO staff as per the check list provided in the Annexure10 to the Junior Engineer. Junior Engineer at the field will be responsible for ensuring EMP implementation in consultation with SIO, he on the basis of daily visits to the site and observations evaluates and submit to the SIO manager. This will form the basis for evaluating the Contractor on the implementation process.
243. The Environment Specialist, ISPMC during period visits spot checks the sites and evaluates the monthly reports submitted by the Junior Engineer and PPSU Environmental Monitoring Specialist and on this basis brief quarterly reports
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would be prepared and submitted to the PMU and on a a yearly basis a detailed report with corrective action plans would be prepared.
244. The PMU will submit the annual reports prepared during the construction phase to the ADB. The PMU in the monthly meetings should discuss the implementation of EMP with the SIO staff and ISPMC and suggest remedial measures to the contractor.
F. Environmental Mitigation Plan
245. An Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (EMP) is key to ensure a safe and clean environment. The desired results from the environmental mitigation measures proposed in the project can only be obtained with a management plan to assure its proper implementation & function. The EMP outlines the plans for the proper implementation of mitigation measures to reduce the adverse impacts arising out of the project activities. The EMP has been prepared addressing issues such as:
• Mitigation measures for abatement of adverse impacts caused during the construction and operation stage; • Details of management plans; • Institutional set up identified/recommended for implementation of the EMP; • Post project environmental monitoring programme to be undertaken;
G. Expenditures for environmental protection measures and budget for EMP
246. The major impacts due to different project activities and their mitigation measures have been identified in Chapter 5. The environmental parameters checklist for the anticipated impacts and suggested mitigation measures with implementation and supervision responsibility during Pre construction Table 37 and 38; Pre construction activity for the works executed by contractor Table 39, Construction phase for the works executed by contractor Table 40 and Operation & maintenance phases Table 41 for the MCII subproject is shown below:
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Table 37:: Environmental Parameters Checklist for Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures for MCII Sub-project - Pre Construction Activity (Impacts due to Location)-Environmental Mitigation Plan
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Super Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure Significa ion vision Modera nt Minor Major te Impact 1 Environmental The sub project was taken MoEF clearance • The Subproject got environmental clearance √ SIO, PMU DoWR Clearance During 1989 and subsequently an ayacut during 1989 and subsequently a project level area of 7287 Ha developed during WRCP Environmental Management Committee period leaving 7442 Ha (EMC) was formed as per MoEF This MCII sub-project is an existing requirement. During the period the approved major project where the balance subproject could not be completed due to work of the approved command area is pending land acquisition and paucity of being proposed for development. It requires funds, since the balance work involves construction of new branch canal, 9 minors construction of new canals and land and 42 sub minors covering a command acquisition to cover the balance approved area of 5930 Ha by acquiring approx. command area. So the subproject need to 103.14 acres of land. take approval from the EMC constituted for the subproject as well as seek the State level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Odisha as per the provisions of EIA notification 2006. • DoWR shall write a letter explaining the need for the project and activities that are going to taken up to EMC as well to SEIAA enclosing the Detailed Project Report, Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) clearance letter and RP plan and IEE. The SEIAA shall decide if any additional studies like EIA needed or not as this is an existing sub project where EC was obtained. If EIA is needed then DoWR has to hire a Consultant or agency accredited by MoEF.
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Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Super Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure Significa ion vision Modera nt Minor Major te Impact 2 Land Acquisition Not likely to cause specific environmental • The sub-project involves extension of CRBC √ SIO,LAO, ISPM Land and Resettlement problems as long as steps are made to from RD 15.13 to RD 26.42 km) along with ISPMC, C acquisiton is Impacts select sites which are not located in 22 new minor and sub-minors canals and NGO and R&R under protected/inhabited areas etc PLBC from RD 15.000 to 25.18 km along PMU, Speci process with 20 new minors and sub-minors requiring DoWR alist 111.0 acres of land as per RP approved by ADB during July 2011 subsequentlyr /SIO, reduced to 103.14 acres. PMU • A separate Land and Livelihood assistance plan was prepared taking care of compensation, livelihood assistance etc. The details are available in ADB Fianced Mahanadi Chitrotpala Island Irrigation Project Land and Livelihood Assitance Plan – July 2011 approved by ADB and Govt. of Odisha. • The proposed Resettlement Plan(RP) budget is R56.89 million which includes
compensation cost, livelihood assistance and RP implementation cost. The land acquisition cost will be borne by Executing Agency (EA) and the R&R cost will be borne out of the OIIAWMIP loan funds for RP implementation for more details kindly refer Resettlement Plan for MCII during July 2011 • A grievance redressal mechanism for the project is built in and any issues related to the project will be cleared • The sub-project got environmental clearance during 1989 from the MoEF and a multi- disciplinary committee for the project was formed by the Government of Odisha and the issues pertaining to environmental issues would be worked out in consultation with the team and also ISPMC Environmental Specialist.
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Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Super Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure Significa ion vision Modera nt Minor Major te Impact 3 Encroachments There are are neglibgle encroachments in Demarcation of ROW need to be done before SIO PMU & the branch canal i.e., CRBC RD 17.4 km commencement of the work by the SIO in the ISPMC ISPMC R&R and 19.00km noticed during september presence of revenue department. R & R specialist will 2012 field visit Specia assess Detailed survey of encroachments would be list prepare a Encraochments in the form of fencing or reassed for the earlier acquired portion by SIO separate plantation after toe line with in the ROW and ISPMC R&R specialist will assess the report. may get affected situation and if necessary prepare a separate √ report as per the R & R provisions Advance notice, as per RAP shall be given to the encroachers and squatters present in the corridor / ROW , who need to be relocated. All resettlement issues shall be undertaken as per the provisions of R& R policy before construction stage 4 Ground water levels Tail end of the command area reduced due Monitoring of ground water levels shall be SIO with the PMU & Observation to water logging scope for saliinity increase undertaken by identifying observation wells in help of State ISPMC wells shall be the command area with the help of State Grouund identified and Ground Water Department(SGB) and regular √ Water monitored monitoring of ground water shall by SGB and Department with help of for testing of water quality a provision has been SGB made for the subproject. 5 Tree cutting Approx 661 trees are present in the newly To the possible extent the design should reduce SIO PMU & acquired land out of these some may get or avoid tree cutting. ISPMC affected and some existing trees present If any trees need to be removed from the ROW on the branch canal embankment with in before actual commencement of work, it shall the ROW may get affected. be done in permission with the State Forest Department. √ Stacking, transport and storage of wood shall be done as per the relevant norm. All efforts shall be made to preserve trees including evaluation of miinor deisgns , adjustmentment / alternatives to save trees to the possible extent.
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Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Super Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure Significa ion vision Modera nt Minor Major te Impact 6 Utilities Utilities like electric poles / line, SIO should Identify the electric poles which may SIO PMU& transformers were noticed on the proposed be a hinderance as per the designs. During ISPMC canal alignment either passing adjacent or survey and detailed estimate a contingency plan at places crossing the proposed canal for shifting if necessary should be done and the √ alignment utilities need to be shifted if necessary with the appropriate permission from the electicity department as per the provisions 7 Canal weeds Reduced water flow and delayed water Provision for removal of weeds during SIO PMU& noticed in the silted supply resectioning and PP members may be ISPMC protions of the encouraged to prepare vermi compost with the branch canal weeds. SIO shall establish linkage with the √ agriculture department for establishment of vermic-compost units or encouraged to prepared ornaments with weed like water hyacinth 8 Religious and Few temples present in CRBC RD 13.0 The religious structures shall not be affected to SIO PMU& community km, 18.0 km , 20.0 km and 23.4 km, the possible extent , the designs shall ISPMC structures Pakhada sub minor RD 1.0 km, accommodate, if necessary if the temples need to be relocated this shall be done in consultation with the local people.
√
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Table 38: Environmental Parameters Checklist for anticipated impacts and Mitigation Measures for MCII Sub-project - Pre Construction Activity (Impacts during Design and Survey) - Environmental Mitigation Plan
IEE Responsibility Remarks Sl. No Significant Impact Implementat Super No Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure Significa ion vision Modera nt Minor Major te Impact 1 Rechecking of Leads to disputes, reduces the ayacut area SIO, PMU along with the ISPMC shall assess SIO staff with PMU, proposed designs and efficiency of the system will be affected during survey and detailed design the scope the help of Design & construction of During consultation, some beneficiaries have for any additional structure or modification of survey team engine structures and expressed their views regarding acceptance of structures, that are needed to be assessed to er, joint verification of the proposed alignment of some canals like avoid water logging etc. ISPMC alignment Nischinta minor & Bhudalo minors and have The design should be checked in accordance asked for realignment, if possible. Villagers of with project quality assurance and quality Kalabuda village expressed the need for control procedures.
underground canal at CRBC RD 23.4 km since A joint verification of alignment in the villages √ two temples adjacent to the proposed especially Brahmapur, Danlo and alignment. Even the public consultations Jagannathpur as per Annexure -8 shall be meetings – grievance summary prepared by R carried out along with villaters, R& R and & R report also states that 10.3% of affected Design consultants in addressing the persons in the newly acquired villages grievances and if technically feasible should expressed dissatisfaction with the proposed look to the alternate arrangements before alignment handing over site to contractor. 2 Trees cutting Change in Aesthetic value During detailed, the SIO with the help of √ SIO staff with PMU, Some trees survey team and in consultation with Deisgn the help of Design are noted on Engineers shall assess the number of trees survey team engine the canal that may likely to affect due to the designs. er, embanKment If some trees may be required to be cut to the ISPMC s possible extent trees cut would be minimized Some part of the Project budget shall be consider for tree-planting activities wherever places available along the canal / distributaries. Suitable species suitable to the area need to be selected in consultation with horticultural department. This would also have the added value of employing water conservation methodologies and thus increased sustainability of the system and stability of canal slope.
IEE & PC MCII 86
IEE Responsibility Remarks Sl. No Significant Impact Implementat Super No Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure Significa ion vision Modera nt Minor Major te Impact 3 Utilities Utilities like electric poles / line, transformers The number of electric poles that need to be √ SIO Staff PMU were noticed on the proposed canal alignment shifted shallll be identified, if necessary to be and canal embankment either passing adjacent or shifted SIO shall include some contingency Design at places amy crossing the canals plan for shifting in consultation with the Engine electricity department.. er, ISPMC 4 Impact on Due to drainage problem in few locations – During project planning proper drainage √ SIO staff with PMU, productivity due to impact on productivity. arrangement also should be planned. As part the help of Design water stagnation of the proposed tentative designs approx 60 survey team engine after irrigation no cross drainage structures are proposed to er, improve the drainage in the command area. ISPMC 5 Effect on Improper planning and design of distribution Clearing of the missing links(encroachments) √ SIO staff with PMU, Missing links downstream water system will lead to conflicts and other in the CRBC canal ( 0 to 15.13 km) and the help of Design were notice use including environmental problem like water logging etc PLBC canal ( o to 10.18 km) where survey team engine in the branch reduced water encroachments are still present. er, canals for availability to The details are present in the RP prepared for ISPMC more details users and the sub project during June 2011. refer RP plan concentration of The proposed Resettlement Plan(RP) budget pollutants is R56.89 million which includes compensation cost, livelihood assistance and RP implementation cost. The land acquisition cost will be borne by Executing Agency (EA) and the R&R cost will be borne out of the
OIIAWMIP loan funds for RP implementation for more details kindly refer Resettlement Plan for MCII during July 2011 Mapping water resource availability over the project area (for the proposed minors and sub-minors) Reconfirmation of adequate water availability to the newly formed canals Formation of WUA and Training and support to WUAs in coordination of water use and practice of rotational water intake.
IEE & PC MCII 87
IEE Responsibility Remarks Sl. No Significant Impact Implementat Super No Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure Significa ion vision Modera nt Minor Major te Impact 6 Proposed Tube Scope for changes in ground water A preliminary need assessment and √ SIO Staff / PMU well Drilling identification of potential sites for the Contractor proposed drilling based on the peoples need to be carried out. The sites or locations identified shall be away from dumps, refuse piles, storage facilities, pit toilets, fields fertilized with dung, septic tanks, drains , away from flooding areas. Identify the locations which are socially acceptable Care shall be taken not to locate the tube wells adjacent to the existing tube wells , the distance between two tube wells proposed shall be as per the Odisha State Ground water department rules. Odisha state ground water department should be consulted for the proposed depth and precautions while drilling and suitability of the proposed site for quantity and quality before finalisation of the drilling site by the SIO. 7 Borrow Area filling Scope for water logging and increased water The selection and identification of borrow √ SIO Staff PMU leves areas is the prime responsibility of Contractor by identifying private borrow areas. As per MoEF EC conditions if land owner allow sand filling after borrowing earth they can take up. So to accommodate sand filling based on the requirement there may be some provision within the estimates.
IEE & PC MCII 88
Table 39: Environmental Parameters Checklist for anticipated impacts and Mitigation Measures for MCII Sub-project (Distributaries, Minors & Sub minors executed by Contractors) - Pre Construction Activity (Construction Contractor) - Environmental Mitigation Plan
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Super Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure Significa ion vision Modera nt Minor Major te Impact 1 Establsihment of Camp Disruption to traffic flow and Contractor shall avoid establishment of camp / plant in √ Contractor SIO / Plants sensitive receptors and change forest areas. Staff, landuse aswell as aesthetic value Contractor shall prioritize areas with in or nearest PMU of area possible vacant space within the subproject without and affecting property, forest, vegetatiion, drinking water ISPMC sources and away from the water bodies and the canal sytem. All construction plants shall be sited surrificiently away from the settlements and agricultural operations or any commercial establishments. Such plants shall be located at least 100m away from the nearest dwelling preferably in the downwind direction. The Contractor shall submit a detailed layout plan for
all such plant sites establsiehd and approved by the SIO manager. Arrangements to control dust pollution through provision of wind screen, water sprinklers and dust extraction systems shall have to be provided at all such sites. If any contractor has to establish crushers, hot mix plants and batching plants shall comply with the requirements of the relevant emission control legislations. Consent for Establsihment and Operation from state pollution control board Odisha shall be obtained before establishment and operation and a copy to be submitted to the SIO Manager.
IEE & PC MCII 89
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Super Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure Significa ion vision Modera nt Minor Major te Impact 2 Soruces of Materials Borrow areas- extraction of Finalisation of borrow areas for earth and all logistic √ Contractor SIO materials like earth etc., can arrangementsas well as compliance to environmental Staff disrupt natural drainage, requirements, as applicable shall be the sole and vegetation and resulting in respsonsibility of the Contractor. PMU accelerated erosion and leading Selection Criteria of Borrow areas is as follows: ISPMC to water stagnation, ponding and Contractor shall identify the potential borrow areas pollution and take permission from SIO manager before operating any borrow areas. The Contractor shall not start borrowing earth from selected borrow area untill the mutual agreement is signed between landowner and Contractor. Copy of the document shall be submitted to SIO manager. The Contractor in addition to the established practices, rules and regulation will also consider following criteria before finalizing the locations. 1) The borrow area should not be located in agriculture field unless unavoidable i.e. barren land is not available. 2) The borrow pits should not be located along the
roads. 3) The loss of productive and agricultural land should be minimum. 4) The loss of vegetation is almost nil or minimum. 5) Sufficient quality of soil is available. 6) The Contractor will ensure the availability of suitable earth.The Contractor shall obtain representative samples form each of the identified borrow areas and have these tested at the site laboratory following a testing programme as approved by the concerned Engineer. It shall be ensured that the fill material compacted to the required density. Planning of haul roads for accessing borrow areas shall be undertaken during this stage. The haul roads shall be routed to avoid a gricultural areas as well as forest areas as far as possible and shall use the existing village roads wherever possible The rehabilitation of the borrow areas shall be done by the contractor asper land owners convenince .
IEE & PC MCII 90
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Super Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure Significa ion vision Modera nt Minor Major te Impact Quarry areas-Extraction of The Contractor shall finalize the quarry for √ Contractor SIO materials like earth etc., can procurement of constrcution materials after Staff disrupt natural drainage, assessment of the availability of sufficient materials, and vegetation and resulting in quality and other logistic arrangements. PMU accelerated erosion and leading A prelimianry survey has been carried out by the SIO ISPMC to water stagnation, ponding and and identified the quarry as mentioned in Chapter 3. pollution If extraction shall be done, prioritize sites already permitted by the Mining or concerned department, Contractor shall purchase materials and finalize vendors who have valid permissions. The list of potential crusher who has valid license from State Pollution Control board, Odisha is enclosed for reference as Annexure 3. If other sites are necessary and the contractor want to use,let the contractor obtain necessary prmission from the concerned regulatory authority and inform SIO Manager. Sand The sand shall be procured from identified (by √ Contractor SIO SIO)sand mines as far as possible. If Contractor Staff wishes to procure from other sources he shall obtain and the lease agreement of the supplier PMU ISPMC 3 Drilling of tube wells Possibility of drilling tube wells in The contractor along with SIO staff should locate all √ Contractor SIO a near distance and change in the potential sites proposed for drilling and initiate Staff water quality drilling as per the provisions of the contract. and PMU ISPMC
IEE & PC MCII 91
Table 40: Environmental Parameters Checklist for anticipated impacts and Mitigation Measures for MCII Sub-project (Distributaries Minors and Sub minors executed by Contractors) - Construction Phase - Environmental Mitigation Plan
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Supervi Signif ion sion Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure icant Modera Minor Major Impa te ct 1 Inadequate Potential damages to system Contractor to execute works in accordance with standard √ Contractor SIO monitoring during likely to be maximised as a Contract Specification. Provision of site supervisory staff to Staff, construction stages result of neglect on part of ensure quality control and adherence to contract requirements. PMU and contractor. Monthly progress reporting and recording of community ISPMC complaints/ objections. Issues to be resolved jointly with Project (SIO), PMU and ISPMC. 2 Tube well drilling Scope for contamination of The Contractor after tube well drilling shall purge and √ Contractor SIO water decontaminate before it is put to use Staff, PMU and Tube well shallbe sealed and its pedal shall be sealed properly ISPMC to avoid mixing of impurties mixing witih ground water A concrete pad around the tube well may be constructed 3 Site clearance – Damage to existing If any vegetation shall be removed from construction site / zone √ Contractor SIO Clearing and grubbing vegetation before commencement of construction shalll be carried out such Staff, that damage to the surrouding vegetation other than identifieid PMU and vegetation proposed for clearing is minimal. ISPMC Only ground cover/ shrubs that impinge directly at the work site shall be removed prior approval from SIO staff and in consultation with Environment Specialist 4 Disposal of debris Scope for contamination of To the possible extent the materials like stone and other √ Contractor SIO from dismantling soil and blcokage of natural reusable materials shall be utlized in the construction. Staff, structures and spoil drains and pollution of The iron and wood generated if any would be dispossed off as a PMU , ground water by dumping of surplus stock and scrap shall be autioned as per the ISPMC construction spoils procedures of Odisha Water Resoruces Department.
IEE & PC MCII 92
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Supervi Signif ion sion Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure icant Modera Minor Major Impa te ct 5 Excavation of new Scope for loss of public land The excavation of new canal should be as per provision of IS: √ Contractor SIO minor and sub minor and damage and other 4701 Staff, canals issues due to improper PMU , planning Planning: No earthwork on canals should be started unless ISPMC proper acquisitionand demarcation of land has been finalized and permission of fixing permanent Boundary stones at intervals of 200 m on both sides on straight reaches and at points where there is change in direction or change in land widthconcerned organization obtained. Setting out: Prior to the commencement of work the ceutre line of the proposed canal shall be marked by stones or pegs each at about 30 m interval: Curves shall be laid out; top and bottom edges of the excavation and toe of all embankments suitably peg marked. Reference pegs should also be driven into ground at a fixed distance outside peg markings. All levels shall be referred to an established bench mark not subject to subsidence or interference Clearing: The land over which embankments are to be formed and other excavation is to be carried out shall be cleared of all trees, bushes, rubbish, ant hills 5 IS : 4701- 1982 and other objectionable matter. ‘The cleared materials shall be suitably disposed off. In filling reaches, all holes and hollows whether originally existing or produced by digging up roots shall be filled with suitable earth, well rammed and levelled off. Earthwork in Cutting - Canal section shall be excavated as shown on the drawings or as directed by the engineer-in-charge / SIO Manager. Safety : Blasting, where required, shall be permitted only when proper precautions have been taken for the protection of persons and property in accordance with IS : 4081-1967t
IEE & PC MCII 93
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Supervi Signif ion sion Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure icant Modera Minor Major Impa te ct 6 Disposal of canal silt Affect agricultural land / The generated cutting material from the canal, the suitable √ Contractor SIO Before forest land and change in material shall be used in the filling after material testing and Staff, disposal of land use for stacking of silt obtaining necessary approval from the SIO. PMU , silt The remaining material based on the suitability shall be disposed ISPMC chemical on the left side of the main canal after toe line within the ROW testing and also in the adjacent low lying government land available shall be along the main canal after obtaining necessary permission from carried out. the competent authority. However, if any excess found shall be dispossed off in old borrow areas, quarries,low lying government areas etc after taking appropriate permission from SIO staff If available in excess after testing for pesticide and heavy metails it can be distributed to farmers for using in agricultural fields. 7 Stripping , Stocking Loss of productive soil and Before beginning the construction of embankments the surface √ Contractor SIO and Damage to top plant nutrients – impact on area of ground to be occupied shall be cleared of all roots and Staff, agricultural soil due to production vegetable matter and stripped to a suitable depth as per IS: 4701 PMU , earth work - 1982 ISPMC (i)Depth of stripping 5.0 to 7.5 cm for soil containaing light grasscover (ii) Depth upto to bottom of ploughed zone usally 15.0 to 22.5 cm in agricultural land. Top soil may be preserved and resued in turfing activities if possible in borrow areas bunds or if excess shall be distributed to farmers for using in the agricultural lands Project activities shall be carried out during lean period and non- monsoon period for minimizing loss.
IEE & PC MCII 94
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Supervi Signif ion sion Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure icant Modera Minor Major Impa te ct 8 Earth from Borrow Loss of productive soil and Contractor shall not be permitted to borrow areas in forest areas √ Contractor SIO staff, areas for construction plant nutrients – impact on Contractor shall identify location of borrow areas and get PMU and production approval from SIO staff and in consultation ISPMC. ISPMC Earth material should be taken from barren land or selected borrow area during lean period as per IS Code 1498 after taking approval from SIO Manager. Borrow areas should be dug as per IS code :4701 and prior approval from the competent authorities must be taken before execution and mutual agreement with the land owners should be taken by the contractor and ensure the borrow areas should not have any environmental issues like water logging etc. Borrow pits should be drained to avoid stagnation of water and the bottom should be levelled properly / bottom level of borrow pits should be fixed with reference to the prevailing ground slope towards the nearest natural draiinage course. Borrow areas should be avoided in agricultural areas as well as forest areas. Required permission should be obtained from the authorized person as stipulated in the Odisha state minor minerals act and if operating in private lands mutual agreement and no objection certificate need to be produced to SIO by the contractor. 9 Quarry operation Can disrupt natural drainage, The contractor shall obtain materials from approved quarries √ Contractor SIO staff, vegetation and results in only after the consent of Department of mines and Geology and PMU and accelerated erosion District Administration. If any crusher need to be established it ISPMC shall be done after obtaining proper consents for establishment and operation from the statutory agencies. All the materials pruchased shall be from the approved vendors the tentaive Quarry map is shownin Annexure 7. 10 Storage of Storage of construction Temporary impact – materials should be stored properly avoiding √ Contractor SIO staff, Only Construction materials may temporary agricultural lands. PMU and rehabilitati materials like sand, change local land use ISPMC on work stone etc no change in land use
IEE & PC MCII 95
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Supervi Signif ion sion Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure icant Modera Minor Major Impa te ct 11 Use of acces roads Deterioration in quality of √ Contractor SIO staff, and Transporting of road condition and narrow Limited construction period, careful planning, restrictions on PMU and Construction service road construction workers movements, adequate monitoring. ISPMC materails and Haul The subproject acess road and canal embankment roads are Road Management narrow and requires adquate dust supreesion measures like watering regularly or sprinkling of water with tanker and traffic regualtions during construction as some of the villagers are using canal embankment road for day to day transport All existing roads used by vehicles of the contractor or any of his suppliers of material shall maintain properly during construction period and clear any materials dropped by the vehicles. 12 Transproting of Contractor and his material shall cover vehicles while √ Contractor SIO staff, materails and Dust pollution – nuisances transporting materials. PMU and opeation of equipment and health hazards to Careful planning to minimize and offset losses ISPMC travellers / neighbours / Construction practices in accordance with Specification, workers community consultation prior to detailed design and adequate The areas adjoining to monitoring shall be carried out construction sites would be Temporary impact on air quality shall be mitigated by using water subjected to the air pollution sprinklers. Trucks carrying dirt, earth material, sand and metal to from both due to construction and from construction site, should be limited and wetted to work (including operation Of prevent material being spilled on public roads. equipments) and vehicle Necessary protection has to be taken to meet relevant emission movement with construction standards for all construction machinery and vehicle, maintaining materials construction equipment in good condition and servicing diesel engines for reduction of emissions.
The contractor shall ensure all the vehicles, equipments and machinery used for construction are well maintained and confirm that emissions levels comply with the relevant statutory requirements of CPCB and Motor Vehicle Rules
IEE & PC MCII 96
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Supervi Signif ion sion Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure icant Modera Minor Major Impa te ct 13 Noise from vehicles, All construction plants and equipment used in construction shall √ Contractor SIO staff, plants and Nuisances to travelers/ strictly conform to the MoEF / CPCB noise standards PMU and equipments and workers and neighbors if All vehicles and equipment used in construction shall be fitted ISPMC Vibration hazards increase in sound levels – with exhaust silencers health hazard Regular servicing of all construction vehicles and machinery shall be done regularly and during servicing the effectiveness of exhaust silencers shall be checked All the construction sites with in 150m of the nearest habitation, noisy construction work such as crushing, operation of DG sets and any high noise construction equipment shall be stopped during night time between 10.00 pm and 6.00 am. Working hours of the construction activities around sensitive areas like schools / hospitals upto a distance of 100m shall be restricted. 14 Contamination of The contractor shall procure fuel from the nearest oulet if any √ Contractor SIO staff, water due to fuel and Water pollution from fuel and minor storage if he does he shall ensure the land is not PMU and lubricants and lubricants contaminated. ISPMC construction waters Contractor shall avoid oil spillage etc. Contractor shall not wash his vehicle in the canals Contractor shall ensure or install equipment in such a way that the waste water doesn’t enter the canal during monsoon period. 15 Interference with Close consultation with community during planning and design √ Contractor SIO staff, existing road network Disruption of services and stages necessary, since the subproejct village are connected PMU and and traffic, blockage land uses and settlements with the canal embnkment road and at places it passes near to ISPMC of access ways. adjacent to the canal. Road residnetial houses of local villagers ltherefore safety requirement Restriction on in some sections runs is most important , construction implementation in accordance movements of parallel to canals. with specification, prior agreement with community on alignment communities of access roads and irrigation infrastructure, and monitoring. Contractor shall if necessary prepare a traffic management plan in consultation with the local police and ensure adequate safety measure.
IEE & PC MCII 97
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Supervi Signif ion sion Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure icant Modera Minor Major Impa te ct 16 Soil Erosion and Employment of stringent construction practices and monitoring √ Contractor SIO staff, Siltation Excavation of new canals Confirming excavations opearions and slope stabilisation work ( PMU and and Degraded exisiing Such as avoiding deep cutting of borrow areas, establishing a ISPMC branch canal embankments, linkage of drain along the natural drain) and sprnkling of water damage to soil and general during the dry season only and compaction in main canal by land value. Increased powered road roller and vibtratory roller and in the distributaries, sedimentation build-up and minors and sub-minors by ordinary compaction clogging of surrounding Careful construction planning for surface protection particularly waterways. before monsoon season and provision of turfing and plantation. Plantation can be taken up on the canal embakments with the available funds under plantation and also with the other ongoing shcemes of Govt. Odisha like social forestry programmes etc
17 Stocking materils or Damage to natural drainage Assessment of existing drainage channels during construction √ Contractor SIO Blockage of natural patterns stages. Contractor to maintain natural drainage, stipulate in Staff, drainage with Contract Specification. Provision of site supervision during PMU and materails Presently natural Drains are construction implementation. ISPMC dominant with weeds
IEE & PC MCII 98
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Supervi Signif ion sion Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure icant Modera Minor Major Impa te ct 18 Personnel Safety Workers health would get Contractor shall provide the necessary personnel Protective √ Contractor SIO Measures for Labour affected Equipment (PPE) like foot wear, gloves, protective goggles and Staff, eye –shields etc for workers emplyed in concrete, crusehrs, PMU and welders and bitumen work ISPMC Ear plugs to workers exposed to loud noise and workers working in crushers etc if the contractor establishes. The contractor shall comply with all the regulations regarding safe scaffoldiing, ladders, working platforms, excavations and safe emans of entry and engress The contractor shall not employ any person below age of 14 years for any work and no pregnant women. The contractor shall comply with all the relevant provisions of the Orissa Buidlings and other Construction Workers ( Regulations of Employment and conditions of service) Rules 2002 and shall also comply with the precautions as required for ensurig the safety of thw worKmen as per International Labour Organisation (ILO) Convention No 62 as far as thise are applicable to this contract. Ensure worker camps have access to clean water and propoer snitation and ventilation 19 Traffic and Safety Disruption of services and The contractor shall take all necessary measures for maintining √ Contractor SIO may lead to accidents the traffic during construction and errect safety barricades, Staff, safety ribbons and safety boards including sign boards, flags PMU and and other measures as per the requirement ISPMC 20 Protection of public Loss of public / workers Project staff to provide basic health and safety trainings to all √ Contractor SIO and workers health health status construction workers and providing periodic health check ups Staff, and safety and AIDS awareness camps PMU and ISPMC
21 Risk from Electric Scope for electric socks and While giving level or marking workers should ensure they take √ Contractor SIO Poles / lines and electrocution hazard preventive measures while working with electric lines. Staff, electrical equipments The contractor shall take all required precautions to prevent PMU and danger from electrical equipmetns and esnures that he doesn’t ISPMC place or stack any material that may cause danger or inconvenince to any person or public All machines and equipments and lighting used will be as per the IS standards and shall mainatian properly withoout any defects.
IEE & PC MCII 99
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Supervi Signif ion sion Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure icant Modera Minor Major Impa te ct 22 Damage to different Along the propsoed canal Close consultation with community prior to detailed design to √ Contractor SIO No forest flora / fauna habitats alignment few trees are identify important flora/fauna habitats. Careful planning of Staff, land exist presnt- during construction or infrastructure alignment prior to construction/ implementation. PMU and along the excavation of canal work Stipulate in Conditions of Contract and provision of site ISPMC canal those trees may require supervision. felling Plantation of trees along the irrigation canal compensate loss of flora, the etimate shall have a provisionfor planting 2650 trees. Contractor shall take reasonable precaution to prevent his workers from damaging any flora or fauna of the area including fishig or hunting of any animals in the area. If by chance if the contractor sights any animal (wild) the contractor shall inform the SIO staff and Environment Specialist and need to be reported to the State Forest Department immeidately and shall take appropriate steps / measures in consultation with Forest Department Officials
23 Temporary closure of Non availability of irrigation Consultation with local farmers as PP has not yet formed in √ Contractor SIO irrigation system water and impact on these areas before closing the canal Staff, production and livelihood of PMU and farmers for branch canals The construction activities will be scheduled after Kharif crop ISPMC only (PLBC) period only Proper prior information shall be given to the farmers 24 Digging activity – By Chance if any While excavating or dismantling any structure if any fossils, √ Contractor SIO Chance found Archaeological property is coins, articles of value / antiquity and remians of archaelogical Staff, Archaeological found while digging interest discovered on the site shall be the property of the PMU and property Government and shall be dealt with as oer the provisions of the ISPMC relevant legislation The Contractor shall take reasonable precautions to prevent his worKmen or any other persons from damaging or removing any such articles, if any articles found shall be brought to the notice of SIO and Environment Specialist and shall seek the direction of Archaelogical Survey of India (ASI) before contractor recommencing the work
IEE & PC MCII 100
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Supervi Signif ion sion Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure icant Modera Minor Major Impa te ct 25 Provision of Basic Scope for providing improper The Contractor shall provide the basic accomodatios as per the √ Contractor SIO Ameneties and proper accomodation and basic provisions of the Orissa Building and Construction Workers Staff, accomodation amenities to workers Rules PMU and The location and layout of the labour camps shall be provided to ISPMC the SIO staff and take his approval The Contracator will ensure all the basic amenities like provision of drinking water at work site and camps and proper sanitation facilities and arrangement for eating the food. The drinking water he provides shall be as per the IS 10,500. 26 Clearing of site Scope for not clearing The Contractor shall ensure that he clears all the unwmanted √ Contractor SIO before monsoon and materials from the site materials from the canal bed which may effect or obstruct after Staff, Demobilization of especially cutting materils releasing the water into canal PMU and contractor from the canal bed and In the tube wells drilled areas pits if any removed shall be ISPMC materiasl used for refilled construction All excess materials and debris shall be cleared
27 Tree plantation Scope for wrong species SIO shall plant tree / green belt ( 2650 trees) in the canal out √ SIO staff PMU and selection and not able to side slopes in the branch canal and distributaries. SIO shall ISPMC survive consult horticultural department before selecting the tree species that would be planted along the canal. Approriate distance shall be maintained and regular maintenance shall be carried out.
IEE & PC MCII 101
Table 41: Environmental Parameters Checklist for anticipated impacts and Mitigation Measures for MCII Sub-project – Operation and Maintenance Phase - Environmental Mitigation Plan
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Supervi Signif ion sion Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure icant Modera Minor Major Impa te ct 1 Overall Environmental Competent O&M plus Monitoring of irrigation water quality and soil quality will be √ WUAs & SIO PMU and Presently management monitoring necessary. required during operation phase for maintaining best productive staff PPSU soil and environment. Env. irrigation The proposed sampling locations, parameters to be monitored Monitorin water not and frequency are provided in Table 41 and proposed buget and g tested stage of testing is provided in Table 43 of this chapter. Specialis t 2 Impact on canal Fast multiply water hyacinth Regular deweeding and checking of weeds by mechanical √ WUAs & SIO PMU and system due weeds reduces or impairs flow of means or by usage of herbicides if necessary. staff PPSU growth water and reduces water Involving community and PP members in undertaking regular Env. availability, damages cleaning and encouraging the PP to prepare compost with the Monitorin structures and becomes help of agriculture department. g habitat of mosquitoes Specialis t 3 Impact due to non- Damages to the earthwork The responsibility of maintaining main canal, distributaries likes √ WUAs & SIO PMU and maintainance due to raincuts, damage to with the SIO staff and minor and sub-minors with WUAs after staff PPSU the structures etc formation of PPs/ WUAs, presently for the sub project WUAs are Env. not formed hence untill formation of PP, SIO shall take the Monitorin responsibility of maintenance. g The responsibilities of PP are as: Specialis Removal of silt and proper up keeping off minor/ sub-minor/ t water courses / field channels and field drains Repair and maintenance of inspection path and service roads Removal of grass, shrubs and bushes from the canal embankment and canal beds Repair and maintenance of all structures in the distribution system handed over for operation and maintenance. Restoration of banks – earthwork Repairs to lining, painting, plastering and replacing damage portions to structures etc.
IEE & PC MCII 102
Sl. IEE Responsibility Remarks No No Significant Impact Implementat Supervi Signif ion sion Field / Activity Anticipated Impact Recommended Mitigation Measure icant Modera Minor Major Impa te ct 4 Non Restoration of Ecological unbalancing Monitoring of survival of tree planted along the canal. The SIO √ Contractor/ PMU and aesthetics after with the help of contracot / local Forest Department / Horticulture WUAs & SIO PPSU construction activity Department shall monitor the survival. staff/ Local Env. overall ecological After completion of works, replanting of economically and Forest Monitorin impact. aesthetically important plants can be ensured along the canal Department / g area. Greening of this area may offset the ecological effects of Horticulture Specialis the clearing and felling of trees during the construction phase. Department t Further in course of time the population of avian fauna may go up and enhance the biological diversity. 5 Modification of soil The changes in agriculture Awareness raising of farmers / PP shall be taken up in √ WUAs & SIO PMU and Support practices may result in soil collaboration with the agriculture department for crop staff and PPSU from modifications, including diversification to avoid water logging and salinity in the area. agriculture Env. Agriculture increased susceptibility to Continued use of deep rooting grasses and shrubs to further dept Monitorin department slumping, reduced nutrient strengthen bunds and terrace walls, and promotion of continued g status and impaired structure use of organic based practices – use of bio fertilizer and vermi- Specialis if the organic matter content compost. t is not maintained. 6 Soil and water Increased use of Optimum utilization of chemical fertilizer and discourage √ WUAs & SIO PMU and Presently contamination due to agrochemicals including utilization of long persistence and banned pesticide staff and PPSU use of bio- agrochemicals mineral fertilizers and Use of bio fertilizer and vermi-compost to minimize agriculture Env. fertilizer pesticides, which may result contamination dept Monitorin and in soil and water Post project water quality both surface and ground water, silt and g organic contamination. soil shall be monitored for the pollutants Specialis manure is t limited 7 Impact on biodiversity • Biodiversity may be Awareness raising through the agriculture extension component √ WUAs & SIO WUAs & PMU and affected by increased and promoting under the agriculture extension component the staff and PPSU PPSU specialized mono-cropping, use of indigenous multi-purpose trees for soil protection, agriculture and use of agrochemicals, watershed management and cash crop production, optimum use dept agricultur introduction of alien of agrochemical e dept (invasive) species, introduction of high yielding varieties (HYV).
IEE & PC MCII 103
H. Environmental Monitoring Plan
247. Environmental Monitoring is an essential component of any developmental project, it is an integral; part of any environmental assessment process. Any intervention in the form of development shall have complex-inter relationships between people, natural resources, biotic and other forces resulting in a new environment. So it is essential to monitor critical environmental parameters in the pre-post project scenario, during and post project scenario. The monitoring program includes environmental parameters, description of sampling stations, frequency of monitoring, applicable standards, responsible parties is shown in Table 42 and the parameters suggested for monitoring ground water, surface water, silt and soil is presented in Annexure 15, 15a &b.
248. The monitoring can be carried out by (i) PMU outsourcing to a Laboratory for all the subprojects , or (ii) SIO outsourcing to a laboratory directly. The suggested parameters, description of sampling locations and different stages of monitoring required along with suggested frequency is shown in Table 42.
249. The environmental monitoring during the different phases of the subproject implementation can be carried out by a recognized laboratory (i.e approved by State Pollution Control Board, Odisha or National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratory (NABL) or National Accreditation Board for Education and Training (NABET) or any Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) recognized laboratory,
IEE & PC MCII 104
Table 42:Showing the Suggested Environmental Monitoring
Sl.No Parameter to Parameter / Indicators Location Responsibility Frequency be monitored Pre- Construction Stage ( Baseline data) 1 Ground water Physico, chemical, bacteriological preferably from the SIO /Laboratory Once before start (IS: 10,600) parameters. Total of 34 parameters including newly drilled tube wells of the project for 4 pesticide residue as per IS: 10,600:1991 under the project baseline data details in Annexure 15 ( 6 locations) 2 Surface water Physico, chemical, bacteriological Barrage and canal SIO /Laboratory Once before start (IS: 2296: 1992) parameters. Total 39 parameter including 4 water of the project for pesticide residue as per IS: 2296: (6 locations) baseline data 1992,details in Annexure 15a 3 Silt Phyiso- chemical, micro and macro nutrients SIO /Laboratory Once before start and pesticide residue. Total 27 parameters Silt from Canal of the project for including 4 pesticide residue details in (6 locations) baseline data Annexure 15b 4 Soil Phyiso- chemical, micro and macro nutrients (Soils from canal SIO /Laboratory Once before start and pesticide residue. Total 27 parameters Adjacent - agricultural of the project for including 4 pesticide residue details in fields and preferably baseline data Annexure 15b water logged areas) (6 locations) Construction Stage 1 Ground water Physico, chemical, bacteriological preferably from the SIO /Laboratory Twice a year for (IS: 10,600) parameters. Total of 34 parameters including newly drilled tube wells the construction 4 pesticide residue as per IS: 10,600:1991 under the project of 3 years details in Annexure 15 (6 locations) 2 Surface water Physico, chemical, bacteriological Barrage and canal SIO /Laboratory Twice a year for (IS: 2296: 1992) parameters. Total 39 parameter including 4 water the construction pesticide residue as per IS: 2296: (6 locations) of 3 years 1992,details in Annexure 15a 3 Silt Phyiso- chemical, micro and macro nutrients SIO /Laboratory Twice a year for and pesticide residue. Total 27 parameters Silt from Canal the construction including 4 pesticide residue details in (6 locations) of 3 years Annexure 15b 4 Soil Phyiso- chemical, micro and macro nutrients (Soils from canal SIO /Laboratory Once in a year and pesticide residue. Total 27 parameters Adjacent - agricultural times during including 4 pesticide residue details in fields and preferably construction
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Annexure 15b water logged areas) period of 3 yrs ( (6 locations) i.e. Between April to May 6 Dust Monitoring Visual Observation Entire Project Corridor SIO Daily 6 Noise Observation Entire Project Corridor SIO Daily
Operation & Maintenance Phase ( Post Project)
1 Ground water Physico, chemical, bacteriological preferably from the SIO /Laboratory Once after after (IS: 10,600) parameters. Total of 34 parameters including newly drilled tube wells completion of 4 pesticide residue as per IS: 10,600:1991 under the project works details in Annexure 15 (6 locations) 2 Surface water Physico, chemical, bacteriological Barrage and canal SIO /Laboratory Once after after (IS: 2296: 1992) parameters. Total 39 parameter including 4 water completion of pesticide residue as per IS: 2296: 1992, (6 locations) works details in Annexure 15a 3 Silt Phyiso- chemical, micro and macro nutrients SIO /Laboratory Once after and pesticide residue. Total 27 parameters Silt from Canal completion of including 4 pesticide residue details in (6 locations) works Annexure 15b 4 Soil Phyiso- chemical, micro and macro nutrients (Soils from canal SIO /Laboratory Once after and pesticide residue. Total 27 parameters Adjacent - agricultural completion of including 4 pesticide residue details in fields and preferably Annexure 15b water logged areas) (6 locations) MCII sub project Locations for monitoring: (1.) Barrage 1 (2) CRBC Main canal 3 locations and (3) PLBC main canal 2 location
(Note : The proposed budget and frequency and stages of monitoring are detailed in Table 44 in this chapter)
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I . Performance I ndicators:
250. The monitoring programme constitutes performance indicators (Table 43) and necessary budgetary provisions. Table 43: Showing the Performance Indicators
Indicator Description of the item Stage Responsibility Sl.No Statutory Clearance Obtaining CFE & CFO - Pre construction Contractor 1 Statutory requirement from and construction regulatory bodies Borrow area No. of Borrow areas identified Pre and Post Contractor 2 and verified Construction No. of sites redevelopment and no-objection certificate produced after handing over site Quarry No. of Quarry sites identified Pre and Post Contractor 3 and verified Construction No. of sites redevelopment and no-objection certificate produced after handing over site Disposal sites Quantity of Debris and Spoil Construction and Contractor 4 disposed off Post Construction
Dust Control No. of times watering carried out Construction Contractor 5 period Encroachments No. of Encroachments identified Pre and Post SIO 6 No. of encroachers and Construction squatters rehabilitated as per RAP provisions
Environmental No .of times testing( Ground Pre, Construction Contractor /SIO 7 monitoring Silt, water, Surface water, Silt and and Post Ground water, Soil) carried out during Construction Surface water and construction and operation Soil Use of PPE No. of work sites provided with Construction Contractor 8 PPE Usage of safety No. of sites safety arrangements Construction Contractor 9 measures and sign made and sign boards installed boards Turfing Length of turfing carried out Construction and Contractor 10 post construction Plantation No. of trees cut and no.of trees Construction and Contractor and 11 planted Post Construction SIO Health camps No. of medical and health Construction Contractor 12 camps including AIDS awareness camps conducted
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J. Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) Costs
251. Most of the mitigation measures require the Construction Contractors to adopt good site practice, which should be part of their normal regular procedures, so there are unlikely to be major costs associated with compliance. In addition to this, any costs of mitigation by the construction contractors or SIO are included in the budgets for the civil works. All the environmental costs like dust suppression (sprinkling of water),borrow area rehabilitation, haulage road maintenance, safety etc are all inclusive under overheads of item rates as per revised schedule of rates, Govt. of Odisha.
252. Environmental monitoring will be integrated into the Project performance monitoring and evaluation (PPME) system. The majority of activities involved are translating actions suggested in the EMP to be implemented by the Construction Contractor and WUAs. The implementation period stipulated for the sub-projects are three years of construction phase and three years of post construction phase is suggested for environmental monitoring. The environmental monitoring suggested here is developed keeping in view of the needs of the Department of Water Resources as suggested in the EARF. The DoWR want to monitor surface water and ground water to assess the impacts of upsteam urbanization and industrialization and it also want to monitor level of deterioration of water quality due to increased use of fertilizers and pesticides within and outside the command area. In addition the department wants to assess contaminants in the silt and soil in the command area. So the SIO, DoWR will be responsible for the implementation of environmental monitoring (Surface water, Ground water, Soil and Silt testing).
253. The monitoring shall be carried out by recognized laboratories {i.e., laboratories approved by State Pollution Control Board, Odisha, or National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratory (NABL) or (National Accreditation Board for Education and Training (NABET) or any Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) recognized laboratory}.
254. The impacts arising out of the construction are minimal and the responsibility of implementation of the EMP mainly lies with the Contractor monitored by SIO staff. In addition to environmental safeguards taken up the contractor and sub project level environmental monitoring shall be carried out by the SIO/ PMU. The total environmental monitoring and management cost for the sub-project covering three years of construction phase and three years of post construction stage are shown in Table 44.
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Table 44: Showing Environmental Monitoring Cost
Environmental Suggested Frequency and Unit rate in Rs Total cost Parameter No. of period of monitoring in Rs locations
Pre - construction period monitoring( baseline data) before commencement of civil works Surface water 6 6x1 (6) 10,000 60,000 Ground water 6 6x1(6) 10,000 60,000 Silt 6 6x1(6) 12,500 75,000 Soil 6 6x1(6) 12,500 75,000 Sub-total 270000 Construction Phase Surface water 6 6x2x3(36) 10,000 360000 Ground water 6 6x2x3(36) 10,000 360000 Silt 6 6x2x3(36) 12,500 450000 Soil 6 6x1x3(18) 12,500 225000 Sub-total 13,95,000 Operation and Maintenance phase – Post construction
Surface water 6 6X1(6) 10,000 60,000
Ground water 6 6X1(6) 10,000 60,000 Silt 6 6X1(6) 12,500 75,000 Soil 6 6X1(6) 12,500 75,000 Sub-total 270000 Grand Total 19,35,000 Cost of 2650 1200 / plant with 3 31,80,000 Plantation yrs maintenance cost
K. Environmental Training
255. The basic requirement of the environmental training is to strengthen the knowledge of PMU / SIO, DoWR and WUAs on environmental aspects.
L. Strengthening Environmental Knowledge & Management Capability
256. The capacity and skills of the DoWR to carry out environmental management of irrigated agriculture schemes will need to be developed to be responsive and proactive to the needs and perceptions of environmental management in their jurisdictions during and following Project completion. The institutional strengthening of environmental management will be blended within the activities. The focus will be on building the capacity and capability of the SIO, DoWR to assume their responsibilities in carrying out REAs, IEEs and implementing EMPs. The organizational framework in the DoWR for this to occur will be establishment of new environmental division as per EARF.
257. Awareness raising will initially socialize the environmental assessment and EMP procedures among the project stakeholders. In addition meetings, seminars and some short courses will be organized to raise awareness within the DoWR. ISPM
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Environmental consultant during the field visits will also give on-field training on the implementation of EMP to the Contractor staff and SIO staff by the ISPMC and WUAs with the help of PPSU – Environmental Monitoring Specialist. In addition training programs would be conducted to the Contractor staff and SIO staff, DoWR by the ISPMC and for WUAs by the PPSU – Environmental Monitoring Specialist with the available funds of the PMU under training. The list of appropriate training module and tentative time frame is given in Table 45 and the required budget is suggested in Table 46.
258. Participatory Mechanisms are the building blocks for the success of the Project. Besides the DoWR and WUAs, the community needs to get involved in developing the foundation of future environmental management of irrigated agriculture in the State. Results of Environmental monitoring carried out during construction would be disseminated to WUA / PP members for raising awareness through PPSU Environmental Monitoring specialist and these would be built into the PPME System Participatory Environmental Monitoring guidelines shall be developed with the assistance of the environmental monitoring specialists of PPSU through the PIM Component for use by DoWR and WUA staff during construction and O&M. Lessons learned from past environmental management initiatives will be used to reinforce public participation as an essential aspect to instill a sense of ownership and stewardship among all stakeholders that will be involved in environmental management and the use of resources. Measures to involve active participation of the community will be included to help ensure more effective and appropriate management, since the stakeholders (those using the resources) can become involved in a voluntary way in some of the basic monitoring (e.g., soil erosion point sources) and regulating various activities under the EMP.
259. An environmental monitoring programme is important as it provides useful information and helps to i) assist in detecting the development of any unwanted environmental situation, and thus, provides opportunities for adopting appropriate control measures, and ii) evaluate the performance and effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed in the EMP and suggest improvements in management plan, if required.
Table 45: : Proposed Training Module for Capacity building of SIO and WUAs
Training Type Item/ subject of Training Target Group Time Item No Need for Initial Environmental 1 Orientation PMU, SIO staff , Pre- Examination Report and Training PPSU staff, Construction Overview of important Contractors and Environmental Regulation and WUAs while frame work to the project executing Applicable statutory construction of Environmental Clearances – by minors the SIO staff and Contractor
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Training on 1. Environmental & Safety 2 PMU, SIO staff , Twice Environmental & Aspects Relevant to PPSU staff, during Safety Aspects Construction Contractors and Construction Relevant to Environmental obligations as WUAs while period Construction per Contract Clauses and executing technical specification ( construction of covering issues and impacts minors related to Borrow areas, Quarries, Aggregates, Top soil usage, Disposal of construction debris, handling of hazardous materials and dust suppression measures) Safety measures and usage of PPE’s during construction
2.Implementation of
Environmental Monitoring Plans Importance of EMP and parameters to be monitored Parameters for Environmental Monitoring ( Surface water, Ground Water, Silt and Soil) Precautions to be taken while sampling Monitoring frequency
Environmental issues during 3 Environmental PMU, SIO staff After operation and post project Issues during PPSU staff and Construction Parameters for Environmental maintenance and WUAs Monitoring (Surface Water, Operation Ground Water, Silt and Soil) Precautions to be taken while sampling Monitoring frequency
M. Training Budget
260. The approximate cost involved under training is shown in Table 46.
Table 46:Showing the training budget
Sl.No Training Details Unit rate Frequency Total cost 1 Orientation training Rs. 25,000 4 times during Rs.1,00,000 on the EMP project period implementation to SIO Staff and Contractors for a group 40 to 50
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people 2 Orientation training Rs. 25,000 4 times during Rs.1,00,000 on the EMP project period implementation to SIO Staff and WUAS for a group 40 to 50 people ( after PP formation) Total 2,00,000
N. Environmental monitoring reporting
261. The environmental reporting system has been discussed in detail under section E of this Chapter the contractors and WUAs shall submit monthly report to the SIO as provided in Annexure 9 and 9a of this report. The summary of status of EMP implementation shall be provided by PMU to ADB periodically through Quarterly Progress Report (QPR). PMU shall also submit Environmental Monitoring Report describing the status of EMP implementation in detail to ADB on a annual basis for Category “B” projects.
IX. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
262. Recommends the MCII subproject to be rated Category B for the following reasons: (i) There are no significant adverse impacts associated with this project in the local environmental condition due to construction and operation of the project. However the subproject got environmental clearance during 1989 and subsequently a project level Environmental Management Committee (EMC) was formed as per MoEF requirement. During the period the subproject could not be completed due to pending land acquisition and paucity of funds, since the balance work involves construction of new canals and land acquisition to cover the balance approved command area. So the subproject need to take approval from the EMC constituted for the subproject as well as seek the State level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Odisha as per the provisions of EIA notification 2006.
263. In addition, the project is expected to improve irrigation facilities and enhance economic growth of the area; (ii) Increased irrigation will also help in planting of more trees thereby increasing the environmental conditions of the area adding to the greenery and general aesthetics of the area; (iii) The indirect benefits of the project will be lowered levels of out migration as the communities will have more opportunity of securing income from within the village; (iv) There will be growth in living standard of people, which will encourage proper education, social awareness, health facility and prosperity amongst the people; (v) The IEE clearly states in its findings that there will be no significant impact in the local environmental condition due to construction and operation of the project and preference shall be given to the local labour for carrying out the work.
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264. Any impact associated with the project activities will be minor in nature and will be restricted only during construction phase of the project. Resettlement and land acquisition issues are the major issues which need to be addressed properly, rechecking of alignment if necessary as suggested by some of stakeholders during public consultation and adequate safety, dust suppression measures and traffic management need to be taken up by the contractor while executing the construction works canal crosses nullahs and roads and the road is on the river embankment, there are many VRBs across this canal to access country side. Clearing of weeds and grasses involving community and awareness raising about the impacts of weeds during operation phase will enhance system efficiency. Scope for increased levels in ground water increase in soil salinity, increased levels of insecticides and pesticides might be some of the impacts need to be monitored during project operation. Increased ground water level is a beneficial impact and hence no mitigation measures are recommended. It is suggested that local villagers should be educated through pani panchayat after the their formation about crop diversification, rational use of water, chemical fertilizers and pesticides to reduce soil salinity and protect surface and ground water quality.
X CONCLUSION
266. The Project is unlikely to cause any negative environmental impacts of significance. The project is likely to cause significant improvements in the livelihood of rural people in the region through higher and more stable incomes that will outweigh negative impacts that may occur. The project has been assessed as category “B” project as per ADB procedures. The Subproject got environmental clearance during 1989 and subsequently a project level Environmental Management Committee (EMC) was formed as per MoEF requirement. During the period the subproject could not be completed due to pending land acquisition and paucity of funds, since the balance work involves construction of new canals and land acquisition to cover the balance approved command area. So the subproject need to take approval from the EMC constituted for the subproject as well as seek the State level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Odisha as per the provisions of EIA notification 2006. The project will require environmental clearance from State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) approval as per EIA notification dated September 14, 2006 as there is 5930 ha of balance command area being developed involving formation new minor and sub minor canals by acquiring approx. 103.14 acres of new land and water drawn from the river. Overall, the irrigation facility will serve as a backbone for developmental activities in the area.
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ANNEXURE
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Annexure -1
Govt. of India , Ministry of Environment & Forests, Letter, New Delhi
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Annexure -2 Govt. of India, Planning Commission ( I & CAD) Letter, New Delhi
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Annexure -3
LIST OF ODISHA STATE POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD APPROVED CRUSHERS
List of the Stone Crusher Obtained Permission For Trial Run (List mentioned by Regional Office, Cuttack, Odisha Pollution Control Board As on November 2011)
1. Tapti Tie-up Pvt. Ltd., At : Barada & Dankari, PO – Mahisara Dist: Jajpur
2. ARSS Infrastructure Projects Ltd., At Dankari. P.O. Mahisara Dist: Jajpur
3. Chitra Builders (P) Ltd., Plot . No- D-7 At: Ranasinghabati Tahasil- Dharmasala Dist: Jajpur
4. Anand Exports ( Crusher unit) Nimpalli, Golagaon Jajpur
5. Rout Stone Crushers At. Godisahi Cuttack
(Note : The Above Information was collected by the author)
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Annexure -4
Map Showing Ayacut Area of MCII subproject
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Annexure -5 Line Diagram showing Existing and Proposed Canal System MCII Sub project
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Annexure -6 New Land acquisition Villages
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Annexure -6a
Old Land acquisition- Possession Villages Before 2006 POSSESSION (Before 2006) PLBC Main Canal Benefitted Villages Sl No Village Block District Canal Acquired Area
1 Nayanpurbada Cuttack Cuttack P.L.B.C 6.15 2 Tyendakuda Garadpur Kendrapara ‐do‐ 5.43 3 Bindha ‐do‐‐do‐ 4.11 4 Arabola ‐do‐‐do‐ 4.07 5 Basantapur ‐do‐‐do‐ 2.74 6 Narada ‐do‐‐do‐ 10.04 7 Kusunpur ‐do‐‐do‐ 3.89 8 Palasudha ‐do‐‐do‐ 6.23 9 Bhadilo ‐do‐‐do‐ 3.56 10 Pundilo ‐do‐‐do‐ 7.13 11 Tentol ‐do‐‐do‐ 1.22 12 Sikola ‐do‐‐do‐ 1.88 13 Birijanga ‐do‐‐do‐ 2.96 14 Patsura ‐do‐‐do‐ 2.4 15 Bamara ‐do‐‐do‐ 11.67 16 Sartola ‐do‐‐do‐ 3.62 77.1 17 Baripala Marshaghai ‐do‐ P.L.B.C 5.22
18 Ramchandrapur ‐do‐‐do‐ 2.13 19 Batira ‐do‐‐do‐ 3.16 5.29 20 Lankapada Tirtol Jagatsinghpu P.L.B.C. 2.28 r 21 Saralpur ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 2.08 22 Bharagola ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 4.97 23 Amberi ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 7.74 24 Deuli ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 2.44 25 Samantarapur ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.95 26 Arilo ‐do‐ V ‐do‐ 2.4 27 Kesharada ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 4.36 28 Marjita ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 1.9 29 Bilaspur ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 7.86 Muraripur ‐do‐‐do‐ ‐do‐ 6.77 30 Sirasta ‐do‐‐do‐ 5.89 31 0.7 32 Anupala ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 11.55 33 Ukusahi ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 5.23 67.12 Grand Total 149.51
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CRBC Main Canal Benefitted villages Sl No Village Block District Canal Acquired Area 1 Puruna gopinathpur Garadpur Kendrapara C.R.B.C 1.91 2 Banakuda ‐do‐‐do‐ 0.26 3 Mishranarsingpur ‐do‐‐do‐ 3.23 4 Chasakunda ‐do‐‐do‐ 3.53 5 Nischinta sasan ‐do‐‐do‐ 2.28 6 Mahanga ‐do‐‐do‐ 1.67 7 Kusida ‐do‐‐do‐ 0.15 8 Bantala ‐do‐‐do‐ 0.2 9 Talakusuma ‐do‐‐do‐ 2.35 10 Gobindpur ‐do‐‐do‐ 1.23 11 Kalabuda ‐do‐‐do‐ 2.64 12 Badilo ‐do‐‐do‐ 1.4 13 Garadpur ‐do‐‐do‐ 1.27 14 Naidipur ‐do‐‐do‐ 4.68 15 Dudura Nischintakoily Cuttack C.R.B.C. 0.29 16 Kamapur ‐do‐ 1.16 17 Charirakaba ‐do‐ 0.7 18 Babujanga ‐do‐ 3.54 19 Dulupur ‐do‐ 1.32 20 Uttarkul ‐do‐ 1.08 21 Mehedipur ‐do‐ 0.84 22 Sangrampur ‐do‐ 0.14 23 Champa ‐do‐ 1.19 24 Manijanga ‐do‐ 1.77 25 Mahammadpur ‐do‐ 2.45 26 Biswanathpur ‐do‐ 4.72 Grand Total 46
CRBC MINORS & SUB_MINORS SL. No Village Block District CRBC Acquired Area Minors and Sub ‐ minors 1 Charirakaba Nischintakoily Cuttack ‐do‐ 1.29 2 Babujanga ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.66 3 Orikanta ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.09 4 Uttarkula ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 1.04 5 Dulupur ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 1.27 6 Biswanathpur ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.38 4.73 7 Misharnarsinghpur Garadapur Kendrapara ‐do‐ 0.51 8 Bantala ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 1.12 9 Mahanga ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.23 ‐do‐ 1.86 Grand Total 6.59 IEE & PC MCII 123
PLBC MINORS & SUB_MINORS Sl.No. Village Block District CRBC Acquired Area Minors and Sub ‐ minors 1 Tendakuda Garadapur Kendrapara ‐do‐ 2.2 2 Arabola ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 1.61 3 Kharisana ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.68 4 Raisor ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.97 5 Kahana ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 2.57 6 Ranlo ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 1.12 7 Pakhada ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 1.02 8 Narada ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.29 9 Kusunpura ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.90 10 Bhadilo ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.85 11 Birijanga ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 1.07 12 Bamara ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 4.15 13 Ramachandrapur Marshaghai Kendrapara ‐do‐ 1.33 14 Madhusudhanpur ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 5.94 15 Nachhipada ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 4.01 16 Batira ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.93 29.64 17 Amberi Tirtol Jagatsinghpu ‐do‐ 3.3 r 18 Arilo ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.73 19 Deuli ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 1.23 20 Marjita ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.77 21 Keshrada ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 1.79 22 Bilaspur ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 2.55 23 Anupala ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.18 24 Ukusahi ‐do‐‐do‐‐do‐ 0.61 11.16 Grand Total 40.8
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Annexure -7
Quarry Map of MCII Sub project
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Annexure -8 Abstract: Type of Grievances collected in the Village Consultation Meeting, MCII Project Type of Grievances Address is not Not satisfied with Dissatisfy with Sl Land belongs to Notice not yet Total Name of the Village matching with RoR Land Valuation proposed canal No. Temple received record procedure Alignment No % No % No % No % No % No % 1 Andhalo 5 100.0 5 100.0 2 Babujang 2 16.7 3 25.0 7 58.3 12 100.0 3 Banakunda 2 33.3 4 66.7 6 100.0 4 Bangari 4 28.6 10 71.4 14 100.0 5 Barimula 1 50.0 1 50.0 2 100.0 6Baripala 4 100.0 4 100.0 7 Bhadalo 2 50.0 2 50.0 4 100.0 8 Bilashpur 1 100.0 1 100.0 9 Birijanga 4 44.4 3 33.3 2 22.2 9 100.0 10 Bodhagaon 2 40.0 2 40.0 1 20.0 5 100.0 11 Brahmapur 9 20.5 8 18.2 24 54.5 3 6.8 44 100.0 12 Champa 5 100.0 5 100.0 13 Danlo 1 20.0 3 60.0 1 20.0 5 100.0 14 Dulupur 6 85.7 1 14.3 7 100.0 15 Garadpur 1 100.0 1 100.0 16 Gobindapur 1 6.3 1 6.3 6 37.5 8 50.0 16 100.0 17 Jagannathpur 20 100.0 20 100.0 18 Kalabuda 4 66.7 2 33.3 6 100.0 19 Madana 2 50.0 1 25.0 1 25.0 4 100.0 20 Mahanga 1 100.0 1 100.0 21 Mangarajpur 3 100.0 3 100.0 22 Manijanga 4 33.3 8 66.7 12 100.0 23 Muraripur 1 100.0 1 100.0 24 Naindipur 2 100.0 2 100.0 25 Nischinta Sasan 4 50.0 3 37.5 1 12.5 8 100.0 26 Pakhad 3 10.3 14 48.3 12 41.4 29 100.0 27 Patkura 3 21.4 1 7.1 10 71.4 14 100.0 28 Pundilo 4 100.0 4 100.0 29 Puruna Gopinathpur 1 12.5 2 25.0 5 62.5 8 100.0 30 Purusottampur 2 40.0 3 60.0 5 100.0 31 Ranlo 1 100.0 1 100.0 32 Sahaspur 1 25.0 2 50.0 1 25.0 4 100.0 33 Samsara 3 100.0 3 100.0 34 Sangrampur 1 100.0 1 100.0 35 Talakusuma 3 75.0 1 25.0 4 100.0 36 Tarod 1 50.0 1 50.0 2 100.0 37 Tendakuda 1 25.0 2 50.0 1 25.0 4 100.0 38 Uttarkula 1 100.0 1 100.0 Total 73 26.4 48 17.3 144 52.0 1 0.4 11 4.0 277 100.0 Total (N) 1398 5.2 3.4 10.3 0.1 0.8 19.8 Note: 1. Total No of Villages 50 2. Villages having Grievances 38 3. Total APs 1398
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Annexure -9
List of Participants during the Public Consultations
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Annexure 10
List of Participants during Public Consultation – September 2012 – Mahnega Village
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Annexure 10a
List of Participants during Public Consultation – September 2012 –Kalabuda Village
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Annexure 10b
List of Participants during Public Consultation – September 2012 –Bangari Village
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Annexure 10c
List of Participants during Public Consultation – September 2012 –Bramhapur Village
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Annexure 10d
List of Participants during Public Consultation – September 2012 –Danlo Village
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Annexure 10e
List of Participants during Public Consultation – September 2012 –Bhargola Village
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Annexure 10f
List of Participants during Public Consultation – September 2012 –Baripala Village
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Annexure 10g
List of Participants during Public Consultation – September 2012 –Mangarajpur Village
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Annexure 11
Summary of Public Consultation
The public consultation for this project was conducted in village Bantala located at the tail end of the canal in Kenderapara district and Block Gardapur. According to 2001 census, the total population of the village is 1190 with 282 house holds. Agriculture is the main occupation in the village.
1. Two type of public consultation surveys were carried in the village. First one was household survey of 40 household using predesigned questionnaires. The sample of household selected were in such a way that they would give adequate representation to gender, age groups, cast groups and type of farmers (large, small, marginal and landless workers). The second type of consultation was focused group discuss with the community. Mr. Sukanta Pradhan, Mr. Rabindra Hansada and Dr. Natabar Rout of Shrishti NGO conducted the surveys on 12th and 13th March 2007.
2. The important observations on stakeholder participation are:
(i) 35 % of the participants were from the upper caste groups while 45 % were from other backward casts (ii) Majority of the participants were in the age group of 40-50 years that was followed by age group 30-40 (iii) 64 % participants were farmers while there was also 15 % participants from business, 8% from service and 13 % were agriculture workers. (iv) About 85 % respondents were male while 15% were females. The stakeholder analysis is shown in Fig. 7 below
Figure 10: Analysis of Public Consultation Participants
Classification of respondant as per their Caste Occupational Status of respondent
Wage labor SC GENERAL 20% Service 13% 35% 8%
Bussiness Agriculture 15% OBC 64% 45%
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Age Category of the Respondent Person Consult at ed
16 17 13 Female 15 % 12 8 7 3 2 Male 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 85%
No. of Person
3. The analysis of participants response show that about 92 % were not aware of the project. However upon learning more details of the project they all agreed that it will bring prosperity and improve their quality of life. The people also agreed to participate in the project by way of giving free labour during construction. People also suggested that canal silt, construction debris and excess earth should be dumped in the government owned land or low lying areas and not in their farms.
4. There was a perception that ground water table will be charged and quality of ground water would be improved as sweet water from canal will dispel salinity from underground aquifer. People consulted also felt that canal bund leakages will cause water logging in the nearby areas and suggested that the canal banks should be made of concrete to avoid leakages
5. As regards to management of canal bund plantation, 70 % felt that block council (panchayat samiti) will do it in better way while 25% preferred that it should be managed by village temple committee. The analysis of opinion is shown in Fig 8 below.
Figure 11: Opinion on Management of Canal Bund Plantation
Management and maintenance of canal bund plantation
Village committee Village Temple 5% comitter 25%
Panchayat samiti 70%
6. The people suggested that there should be 200-300 meter long cement wall separating canal from the village in order to protect village from canal seepage and flooding. There are about 15 households residing very close to canal bund. They feel that there should be adequate drainage to avoid water logging in the area.
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Annexure 12 MCII Subproject – Summary of Public Consultation - Mahenga
Name of the Village: Mahnega Date: 25.09.2012 Name of the Block: Garadpur Name of the District: Kendrapara Name of the Canals: CRBC & Nischinta minor
Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken 1 Awareness of the project – including Pre- coverage area Aware of the proposed activities but not implementation about ADB funding needs more awareness should awareness be raised by PIM activities 2 Presence of any forest, wild life or No sensitive areas like forest and wild Noted any sensitive / unique environmental life sanctuaries in the environs components nearby the project area 3 Presence of historical/ cultural sites No cultural sites or temples are Noted reported
4 Occurrence of flood Occurred during 1982 , 2002 and Noted 2011, as a result of floods field were inundated with water 5 Drainage problem –Water logging No major drainage problem but Noted and SIO /canal water seepage requires Bantala drain clearing due to shall intimate to siltation there is some congestion the drainage division 6 Salinity problem No salinity Noted 7 Testing of soil and water No idea of water testing but some Noted and co- farmers have given soil samples to ordination with agriculture department but results were agriculture no shared with the farmers department during implementation 8 Cultivation practices during Kharif Kharif Crops – Rainfed Paddy Noted and Rabi seasons Rabi crops – Moong, Beri, vegetables etc Need advise from agriculture department
9 Use of fertilizer and pesticides for No organic fertilizers except cow dung Noted and cultivation of crops they use inorganic fertilizer. Fertilizer integration and inputs per acre( DAP – 50 kgs, P - - 25 awareness raising kgs and Urea – 50 kgs) on organic farming Pesticides are endosulphan and themat needed etc 10 Safety aspects during spraying/ Farmers are using cloth as mask while Awareness application of pesticide spraying pesticides building needed 11 Occurrence of pesticide No contamination noted Noted contamination of surface water and contamination of fish 12 Ground water depth in the area Water depth ranges from 80 to 100’ Noted 13 Availability of earth / borrow areas Contractor has to purchase private land Noted and procure, the depth of the soil is around 7 to 8 ‘. Private lands available for borrow areas no government land 14 Availability of labour during Local labour available but may not be Noted construction time sufficient and villagers have no objection for outside labour
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Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken 15 Access road to project site Narrow canal service road available, Noted while transporting materials for the minors might need haulage roads 16 Setting up worker camp site within Space available with the village, Noted the village contractor can hire some private buildings also 17 Dust and noise pollution and Villagers mentioned they do not have Noted disturbances during construction any problem since it would be a short work term impact 18 Safety of residents during Safety aspects needed as some Application of construction phase and plying of schools were noticed adjacent to canal safety measures vehicle for construction activities as per EMP 19 Conflict among beneficiaries down Presently its rainfed agriculture no Noted stream users conflicts are present with in the village 20 Enhancement of other facilities Not needed Noted 21 Non availability of canal water during Water available river embankment Noted construction adjacent 22 Any issues pertaining to Land Villagers said still there are 30 to 40 Noted acquisition cases pending related to CRBC, they need to be resolved before taking up work 23 Any issues related to alignment and Villagers expressed present canal Noted design section and alignment not proper requires some modification, even if canal forms they need to head up so provision for falls should be made in the design. Need some change in the Nischinta minor alignment
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Annexure 12a
MCII Subproject – Summary of Public Consultation - Kalabuda
Name of the Village: Kalabuda Date: 25.09.2012 Name of the Block: Garadpur Name of the District: Kendrapara Name of the Canals: Bhadalo sub minor
Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken 1 Awareness of the project – including Pre- coverage area Aware of the proposed activities but not implementation about ADB funding needs more awareness should awareness be raised by PIM activities 2 Presence of any forest, wild life or No sensitive areas like forest and wild Noted any sensitive / unique environmental life sanctuaries in the environs components nearby the project area 3 Presence of historical/ cultural sites No cultural sites. Two temples are Noted adjacent to the proposed canal so villagers requested the canal should be made underground or duct should be constructed 4 Occurrence of flood Occurred during 1982 and 2011, as a Noted result of floods field were inundated with water 5 Drainage problem –Water logging No major drainage problem Noted /canal water seepage 6 Salinity problem No salinity Noted 7 Testing of soil and water No idea of water testing but some Noted and co- farmers have given soil samples to ordination with agriculture department but results were agriculture no shared with the farmers department during implementation 8 Cultivation practices during Kharif Kharif Crops – Rainfed Paddy Noted and Rabi seasons Rabi crops – Moong, Beri, vegetables etc Need advise from agriculture department Present yield – 12.5 to 13 quintals / acres 9 Use of fertilizer and pesticides for No organic fertilizers except cow dung Noted and cultivation of crops they use inorganic fertilizer. Fertilizer integration and inputs per acre( DAP – 50 kgs, P - - 25 awareness raising kgs and Urea – 50 kgs) on organic farming Pesticides are endosulphan and themat needed etc 10 Safety aspects during spraying/ Farmers are using cloth as mask while Awareness application of pesticide spraying pesticides building needed 11 Occurrence of pesticide No contamination noted Noted contamination of surface water and contamination of fish 12 Ground water depth in the area Water depth approx 120’ Noted 13 Availability of earth / borrow areas Contractor has to purchase private land Noted and procure, the Private lands available for borrow areas no government land 14 Availability of labour during Local labour available but may not be Noted
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Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken construction time sufficient and villagers have no objection for outside labour 15 Access road to project site Narrow canal service road available, Noted while transporting materials for the minors might need haulage roads 16 Setting up worker camp site within Space available with the village, Noted the village contractor can hire some private buildings also 17 Dust and noise pollution and Villagers mentioned they do not have Noted disturbances during construction any problem since it would be a short work term impact 18 Safety of residents during Safety aspects needed as some Application of construction phase and plying of schools were noticed adjacent to canal safety measures vehicle for construction activities as per EMP 19 Conflict among beneficiaries down Presently its rainfed agriculture no Noted stream users conflicts are present with in the village 20 Enhancement of other facilities Since two temples adjacent at CRBC Noted RD 23.4 km so require some enhancement of the area 21 Non availability of canal water during Water available river embankment Noted construction adjacent 22 Any issues pertaining to Land Villagers said the village area is plain Noted acquisition by providing direct out let water will flow in the area there is no need for the sub- minor 23 Any issues related to alignment and Villagers expressed compensation to Noted design the school land given but for school building not given, so government should give compensation for the school building
24 Seasonal diseases Malaria and diahorea Noted
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Annexure 12b
MCII Subproject – Summary of Public Consultation – Bangari Village
Name of the Village: Bangari Date: 26.09.2012 Name of the Block: Garadpur Name of the District: Kendrapara Name of the Canals: Bangalpur sub minor
Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken 1 Awareness of the project – including Pre- coverage area Aware of the proposed activities but not implementation about ADB funding needs more awareness should awareness be raised by PIM activities 2 Presence of any forest, wild life or No sensitive areas like forest and wild Noted any sensitive / unique environmental life sanctuaries in the environs components nearby the project area 3 Presence of historical/ cultural sites No cultural sites. Noted 4 Occurrence of flood Occurred during 2008 and 2011, as a Noted result of floods field were inundated with water 5 Drainage problem –Water logging Water logging present approx. 200 Noted /canal water seepage acres affected, needs some drains 6 Salinity problem No salinity Noted 7 Testing of soil and water No idea of water testing but some Noted and co- farmers have given soil samples to ordination with agriculture department but results were agriculture no shared with the farmers department during implementation 8 Cultivation practices during Kharif Kharif Crops – Rainfed Paddy, Noted and Rabi seasons sugarcane Rabi crops – Moong, Beri, ground nut vegetables etc Need advise from agriculture department Present yield – 12 to 15 quintals / acres 9 Use of fertilizer and pesticides for No organic fertilizers except cow dung Noted and cultivation of crops they use inorganic fertilizer. Fertilizer integration and inputs per acre( DAP – 50 kgs, P - - 25 awareness raising kgs and Urea – 40 kgs) on organic farming Pesticides are endosulphan and themat needed etc 10 Safety aspects during spraying/ Farmers are using cloth as mask while Awareness application of pesticide spraying pesticides building needed 11 Occurrence of pesticide No contamination noted Noted contamination of surface water and contamination of fish 12 Ground water depth in the area Water depth approx 200’ to 300’ Noted 13 Availability of earth / borrow areas Contractor has to purchase private land Noted and procure. Private lands available for borrow areas government land ( Pokri of 7 acres)are available the soil depth in the area is 3 to 20’ 14 Availability of labour during Local labour available but may not be Noted construction time sufficient and villagers have no objection for outside labour
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Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken 15 Access road to project site Narrow canal service road available, Noted while transporting materials for the minors might need haulage roads 16 Setting up worker camp site within Space available with the village, Noted the village contractor can hire some private buildings also 17 Dust and noise pollution and Villagers mentioned they do not have Noted disturbances during construction any problem since it would be a short work term impact 18 Safety of residents during Safety aspects needed as some Application of construction phase and plying of schools were noticed adjacent to canal safety measures vehicle for construction activities as per EMP 19 Conflict among beneficiaries down Presently its rainfed agriculture no Noted stream users conflicts are present with in the village 20 Enhancement of other facilities Not needed Noted 21 Non availability of canal water during Water available river embankment Noted construction adjacent 22 Any issues pertaining to Land No issues Noted acquisition 23 Any issues related to alignment and Villagers expressed the proposed Noted design alignment is not proper the proposed canal can be connected from Talakusuma village then it will be more beneficial, so need some change in alignment 24 Seasonal diseases Malaria and diahorea Noted
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Annexure 12c
MCII Subproject – Summary of Public Consultation – Brahmapur village
Name of the Village: Brahmapur Date: 26.09.2012 Name of the Block: Garadpur Name of the District: Kendrapara Name of the Canals: Pakhada sub minor
Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken 1 Awareness of the project – including Pre- coverage area Aware of the proposed activities but not implementation about ADB funding needs more awareness should awareness be raised by PIM activities 2 Presence of any forest, wild life or No sensitive areas like forest and wild Noted any sensitive / unique environmental life sanctuaries in the environs components nearby the project area 3 Presence of historical/ cultural sites No cultural sites. But one temple at Noted proposed RD 1.0 km of Pakhada sub- minor. 4 Occurrence of flood Occurred during 2011, as a result of Noted floods field were inundated with water 5 Drainage problem –Water logging Water logging present approx. 25 Noted /canal water seepage acres affected, needs some drains 6 Salinity problem No salinity Noted 7 Testing of soil and water No idea of water testing but some Noted and co- farmers have given soil samples to ordination with agriculture department but results were agriculture no shared with the farmers department during implementation 8 Cultivation practices during Kharif Kharif Crops – Rainfed Paddy, Noted and Rabi seasons Rabi crops – Moong, Beri, ground nut vegetables etc Need advice from agriculture department Present yield – 10 to 12 quintals / acres 9 Use of fertilizer and pesticides for No organic fertilizers except cow dung Noted and cultivation of crops they use inorganic fertilizer. Fertilizer integration and inputs per acre( DAP – 50 kgs, P - - 25 awareness raising kgs and Urea – 50 kgs) on organic farming Pesticides are endosulphan and themat needed etc 10 Safety aspects during spraying/ Farmers are using cloth as mask while Awareness application of pesticide spraying pesticides building needed 11 Occurrence of pesticide No contamination noted Noted contamination of surface water and contamination of fish 12 Ground water depth in the area Water depth approx 110’ Noted 13 Availability of earth / borrow areas Contractor has to purchase private land Noted and procure. Private lands available for borrow areas government land ( Pokri of 10 acres)are available the soil depth in the area is 10 to 12’ 14 Availability of labour during No issues Noted construction time 15 Access road to project site Villagers expressed already canal Noted
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Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken alignment changed, present alignment will be beneficial 16 Setting up worker camp site within Space available with the village, Noted the village contractor can hire some private buildings also 17 Dust and noise pollution and Villagers mentioned they do not have Noted disturbances during construction any problem since it would be a short work term impact 18 Safety of residents during Safety aspects needed as some Application of construction phase and plying of schools were noticed adjacent to canal safety measures vehicle for construction activities as per EMP 19 Conflict among beneficiaries down Presently its rainfed agriculture no Noted stream users conflicts are present with in the village 20 Enhancement of other facilities Not needed Noted 21 Non availability of canal water during Water available Noted construction 22 Any issues pertaining to Land No issues Noted acquisition 23 Any issues related to alignment and Villagers expressed the proposed Noted design alignment is not proper the proposed canal can be connected from Talakusuma village then it will be more beneficial, so need some change in alignment 24 Seasonal diseases Malaria and diahorea Noted
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Annexure 12d
MCII Subproject – Summary of Public Consultation – Danlo Village
Name of the Village: Danlo Date: 27.09.2012 Name of the Block: Tyendakuda Name of the District: Kendrapara Name of the Canals: PLBC & Raiser sub minor
Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken 1 Awareness of the project – including Pre- coverage area Aware of the proposed activities but not implementation about ADB funding needs more awareness should awareness be raised by PIM activities 2 Presence of any forest, wild life or No sensitive areas like forest and wild Noted any sensitive / unique environmental life sanctuaries in the environs components nearby the project area 3 Presence of historical/ cultural sites No cultural sites. Noted 4 Occurrence of flood Occurred during 2011, as a result of Noted floods some field were inundated with water 5 Drainage problem –Water logging No drainage problem in the proposed Noted /canal water seepage ayacut but Water logging present approx. 15 acres with in the village this is due to release of excess water from Paika river. Drain formed but some land acquisition issues so some the land owner filled the drain 6 Salinity problem No salinity Noted 7 Testing of soil and water No idea of water testing but some Noted and co- farmers have given soil samples to ordination with agriculture department but results were agriculture no shared with the farmers department during implementation 8 Cultivation practices during Kharif Kharif Crops – Rainfed Paddy, Noted and Rabi seasons Rabi crops – Moong, Beri, ground nut vegetables etc Need advise from agriculture department Present yield –15 quintals / acres 9 Use of fertilizer and pesticides for No organic fertilizers except cow dung Noted and cultivation of crops they use inorganic fertilizer. Fertilizer integration and inputs per acre( DAP – 25 kgs, P - - 25 awareness raising kgs and Urea – 5 kgs) on organic farming Pesticides are endosulphan and themat needed etc 10 Safety aspects during spraying/ Farmers are using cloth as mask while Awareness application of pesticide spraying pesticides building needed 11 Occurrence of pesticide No contamination noted Noted contamination of surface water and contamination of fish 12 Ground water depth in the area Water depth approx 80’ to 100’ Noted 13 Availability of earth / borrow areas Contractor has to purchase private land Noted and procure. Private lands available for borrow areas the soil depth in the area is 20’ to 30’
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Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken 14 Availability of labour during Local labour available but may not be Noted construction time sufficient and villagers have no objection for outside labour 15 Access road to project site Narrow canal service road available, Noted while transporting materials for the minors might need haulage roads 16 Setting up worker camp site within Space available with the village, Noted the village contractor can hire some private buildings also 17 Dust and noise pollution and Villagers mentioned they do not have Noted disturbances during construction any problem since it would be a short work term impact 18 Safety of residents during Safety aspects needed as some Application of construction phase and plying of schools were noticed adjacent to canal safety measures vehicle for construction activities as per EMP 19 Conflict among beneficiaries down Presently its rainfed agriculture no Noted stream users conflicts are present with in the village 20 Enhancement of other facilities Not needed Noted 21 Non availability of canal water during Water available Noted construction 22 Any issues pertaining to Land No issues but need higher Noted acquisition compensation 23 Any issues related to alignment and Villagers expressed no issues Noted design 24 Seasonal diseases Malaria and diahorea Noted
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Annexure 12e
MCII Subproject – Summary of Public Consultation – Bharagola Village
Name of the Village: Bharagola Date: 27.09.2012 Name of the Block: Tirtol Name of the District: Jagatsingpur Name of the Canals: Bilaspur sub minor(PLBC)
Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken 1 Awareness of the project – including Pre- coverage area Aware of the proposed activities but not implementation about ADB funding needs more awareness should awareness be raised by PIM activities 2 Presence of any forest, wild life or No sensitive areas like forest and wild Noted any sensitive / unique environmental life sanctuaries in the environs components nearby the project area 3 Presence of historical/ cultural sites No cultural sites. Noted 4 Occurrence of flood Occurred during 2011, as a result of Noted floods some field were inundated with water 5 Drainage problem –Water logging No drainage problem in the area Noted /canal water seepage 6 Salinity problem No salinity Noted 7 Testing of soil and water No idea of water testing but some Noted and co- farmers have given soil samples to ordination with agriculture department but results were agriculture no shared with the farmers department during implementation 8 Cultivation practices during Kharif Kharif Crops – Rainfed Paddy, Noted and Rabi seasons Rabi crops – Moong, Beri, ground nut vegetables etc Need advice from agriculture department Present yield –7 to 8 quintals / acres 9 Use of fertilizer and pesticides for No organic fertilizers except cow dung Noted and cultivation of crops they use inorganic fertilizer. Fertilizer integration and inputs per acre( DAP – 50 kgs, P - - 25 awareness raising kgs and Urea – 50 kgs) on organic farming Pesticides are endosulphan and themat needed etc 10 Safety aspects during spraying/ Farmers are using cloth as mask while Awareness application of pesticide spraying pesticides building needed 11 Occurrence of pesticide No contamination noted Noted contamination of surface water and contamination of fish 12 Ground water depth in the area Water depth approx 700 to 800’ Noted 13 Availability of earth / borrow areas Contractor has to purchase private land Noted and procure. Private lands available for borrow areas and govt land (Pokri) 5 acres available the soil depth in the area is 60’ to 80’ 14 Availability of labour during Local labour available but may not be Noted construction time sufficient and villagers have no objection for outside labour 15 Access road to project site Well connected Tirtol to Kesara and Noted
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Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken Narrow canal service road available, while transporting materials for the minors might need haulage roads 16 Setting up worker camp site within Space available with the village, Noted the village contractor can hire some private buildings also 17 Dust and noise pollution and Villagers mentioned they do not have Noted disturbances during construction any problem since it would be a short work term impact 18 Safety of residents during Safety aspects needed as some Application of construction phase and plying of schools were noticed adjacent to canal safety measures vehicle for construction activities as per EMP 19 Conflict among beneficiaries down Presently its rainfed agriculture no Noted stream users conflicts are present with in the village 20 Enhancement of other facilities Not needed Noted 21 Non availability of canal water during Water available Paika river adjacent Noted construction 22 Any issues pertaining to Land No issues but need more compensation Noted acquisition 23 Any issues related to alignment and Villagers expressed no issues but Noted design eagerly awaiting for the canal to form which will help in increased yields 24 Seasonal diseases Malaria and diahorea Noted
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Annexure 12f
MCII Subproject – Summary of Public Consultation – Baripala Village
Name of the Village: Baripala Date: 28.09.2012 Name of the Block: Garadpur Name of the District: Kendrapara Name of the Canals: Nachhipada minor(PLBC)
Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken 1 Awareness of the project – including Pre- coverage area Aware of the proposed activities but not implementation about ADB funding needs more awareness should awareness be raised by PIM activities 2 Presence of any forest, wild life or No sensitive areas like forest and wild Noted any sensitive / unique environmental life sanctuaries in the environs components nearby the project area 3 Presence of historical/ cultural sites No cultural sites. Two temples adjacent Noted to main canal and one temple in the minor with in ROW 4 Occurrence of flood Occurred during 2008 & 2011, as a Noted result of floods some field were inundated with water 5 Drainage problem –Water logging No proper drainage approx. 10 acres Noted /canal water seepage affected due to water logging 6 Salinity problem No salinity but in the Paika river back Noted water comes 7 Testing of soil and water No idea of water testing but some Noted and co- farmers have given soil samples to ordination with agriculture department but results were agriculture no shared with the farmers department during implementation 8 Cultivation practices during Kharif Kharif Crops – Rainfed Paddy mostly Noted and Rabi seasons and irrigation is through Paika river by lifting water Rabi crops – Moong, Beri, ground nut vegetables etc Need advice from agriculture department Present yield –3 to 4 quintals / acres for rainfed paddy 9 Use of fertilizer and pesticides for No organic fertilizers except cow dung Noted and cultivation of crops they use inorganic fertilizer. Fertilizer integration and inputs per acre( DAP – 25 kgs, P - - 5 awareness raising kgs and Urea – 25 kgs) on organic farming Pesticides are endosulphan and themat needed etc 10 Safety aspects during spraying/ Farmers are using cloth as mask while Awareness application of pesticide spraying pesticides building needed 11 Occurrence of pesticide No contamination noted Noted contamination of surface water and contamination of fish 12 Ground water depth in the area Water depth approx 1000 to 1200’ and Noted water with iron content 13 Availability of earth / borrow areas Contractor has to purchase private land Noted and procure. Private lands available for
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Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken borrow areas and govt land (Pokri) 5 acres available the soil depth in the area is 60’ to 80’ 14 Availability of labour during Local labour available but may not be Noted construction time sufficient and villagers have no objection for outside labour 15 Access road to project site Narrow canal service road available, Noted while transporting materials for the minors might need haulage roads 16 Setting up worker camp site within Space available with the village, Noted the village contractor can hire some private buildings also 17 Dust and noise pollution and Villagers mentioned they do not have Noted disturbances during construction any problem since it would be a short work term impact 18 Safety of residents during Safety aspects needed as some Application of construction phase and plying of schools were noticed adjacent to canal safety measures vehicle for construction activities as per EMP 19 Conflict among beneficiaries down Presently its rainfed agriculture no Noted stream users conflicts are present with in the village 20 Enhancement of other facilities Not needed Noted 21 Non availability of canal water during Water available Paika river adjacent Noted construction 22 Any issues pertaining to Land Some pending cases compensation Noted acquisition related to temple lands mainly and VRB constructed at one site and compensation paid to other site 23 Any issues related to alignment and Villagers expressed VRB constructed Noted design during WRCP is incomplete and the canal service road improper so suffering a lot . Canal if formed will help in increased yields. Resectioning of existing canal formed during WRCP period is needed. 24 Seasonal diseases Malaria and diahorea Noted
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Annexure 12g
MCII Subproject – Summary of Public Consultation - Mangarajpur
Name of the Village: Mangarajpur Date: 28.09.2012 Name of the Block: Garadpur Name of the District: Kendrapara Name of the Canals: Madhusudhanpur sub minor(PLBC)
Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken 1 Awareness of the project – including Pre- coverage area Aware of the proposed activities but not implementation about ADB funding needs more awareness should awareness be raised by PIM activities 2 Presence of any forest, wild life or No sensitive areas like forest and wild Noted any sensitive / unique environmental life sanctuaries in the environs components nearby the project area 3 Presence of historical/ cultural sites No cultural sites. Two temples adjacent Noted to main canal and one temple in the minor with in ROW 4 Occurrence of flood Occurred during 2001,2003, 2006 Noted 2008 & 2011, as a result of floods some field were inundated with water and drought in the years 2002 and 2009. 5 Drainage problem –Water logging Water logging during floods Noted /canal water seepage 6 Salinity problem No salinity but in the Paika river back Noted water comes 7 Testing of soil and water Not carried out Noted and co- ordination with agriculture department during implementation 8 Cultivation practices during Kharif Kharif Crops – Rainfed Paddy mostly Noted and Rabi seasons and irrigation is through Paika river by lifting water Rabi crops – Moong, Beri, ground nut vegetables etc Need advice from agriculture department Present yield –5 to 10 quintals / acres for rainfed paddy. Villagers expressed due to frequent floods or drought crop failure is prominent in the village 9 Use of fertilizer and pesticides for No organic fertilizers except cow dung Noted and cultivation of crops they use inorganic fertilizer. Fertilizer integration and inputs per acre( DAP – 25 kgs, P - 12- awareness raising 5 kgs and Urea – 25 kgs) on organic farming Pesticides are endosulphan and themat needed etc 10 Safety aspects during spraying/ Farmers are using cloth as mask while Awareness application of pesticide spraying pesticides building needed 11 Occurrence of pesticide No contamination noted Noted contamination of surface water and
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Sr. No. Key Issues/Demands Perception of village community Action to be Taken contamination of fish 12 Ground water depth in the area Water depth approx 1000 to 1200’ and Noted water with iron content. Shallow depth are saline 13 Availability of earth / borrow areas Contractor has to purchase private land Noted and procure. Private lands available for borrow areas Soil depth in the area is 50’ to 60’ 14 Availability of labour during Local labour available but may not be Noted construction time sufficient and villagers have no objection for outside labour 15 Access road to project site Haldiagada to Bangarajpur road can Noted be used for transporting materials but the village is connected with narrow canal service road available, while transporting materials for the minors might need haulage roads 16 Setting up worker camp site within Space available with the village, Noted the village contractor can hire some private buildings also 17 Dust and noise pollution and Villagers mentioned they do not have Noted disturbances during construction any problem since it would be a short work term impact 18 Safety of residents during Safety aspects needed as some Application of construction phase and plying of schools were noticed adjacent to canal safety measures vehicle for construction activities as per EMP 19 Conflict among beneficiaries down Presently its rainfed agriculture no Noted stream users conflicts are present with in the village 20 Enhancement of other facilities Not needed Noted 21 Non availability of canal water during Water available Paika river adjacent Noted construction 22 Any issues pertaining to Land No issues compensation being paid Noted acquisition 23 Any issues related to alignment and Villagers expressed formation of canals Noted design very much needed and it will enhance their yields 24 Seasonal diseases Malaria and diahorea Noted
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Annexure – 13
Key Persons Met
1. Odisha Watershed Development Mission
Mr. G.B. Reddy Director
Mr. R. Raghu Prasad Additional Director
2. Odisha Pollution Control Board
Mr. B. K. Misra Member Secretary
Mr. B. N Bhol Environmental specialist
Mr. N.R.Sahoo Sr. Environmental Engineer
Dr. Usharani Pattanaik Asst. Environmental Scientist.
3. DFID
Ms. P. Mahapatra State Representative DFID office
Dr. Virendar Sharma Advisor Environmental
4. Department of Environments, OSG.
Dr. P.K. Pusthi Director
5. MOEF, Regional office
Mr. Khazhan singh CCF
6. Department of Forest, OSG.
Mr. Bishnu Ranjan Roul Asst. Conservator of Forest.
Mr. T. A. K. Sinha D. F. O. Keonjhar Forest Division.
7. WALMI
Mr. G.C. Panda Additional Director
8. State Ground Water Board
J. Patnaik
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9. Non Government Organizations
Bismay Mahapatra Harsha.
C. V. Mahadev Rao Harsha.
Ranjan Mahapatra Shristi
Dr. N. Roul Shristi
S. K. Patnaik Chairman, WWF, Odisha
Pranab Chaudhary Shristi
Bimal Pandia Mass
Dr S.A Kulkarni Director I ICID –CIID
Dr Vijay Labhshetwar Director II ICID –CIID
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Annexure 13a
Bibliography
¾ Annual Report, Odisha State Pollution Control Board, 2005-2006. ¾ Behuria, N.C., Odisha District Gazetteers, Cuttack, 1992. ¾ Environmental Impact of Mahanadi-Chitrotpala Island Irrigation Project, Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha, January, 1996. ¾ Ground Water Resources of Odisha, Director of Ground Water Survey & Investigation, Odisha,2001 ¾ Nesting Animals of Odisha, Department of Forest, Government of Odisha, October, 2006. ¾ Official Website of Census of India (www.census-india.net) ¾ Official Website of Cuttack District, (www.cuttack.nic.in). ¾ Official Website of Ministry of Environment and Forest (www.envfor.nic.in). ¾ Official Website of Odisha government (www.Odisha.gov.in) ¾ Odisha WRCP Environmental Assessment, Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha, March, 1995. ¾ Preliminary Project Report on Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture and Water Management, Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha, December, 2005. ¾ State of Environment-Odisha, Odisha State Pollution Control Board, 2006. ¾ State Odisha Map, Printing Group of Survey of India, 1995. ¾ Water Resources Assessment of Brahmani River Basin, CPSP Report-2, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID), New Delhi, August, 2005. ¾ Wild Odisha, Department of Forest, Government of Odisha, October, 2004.
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Annexure 14 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING – CHECK LIST -CONTRACTORS (To be filled by the Contractor)
Monthly Report Reporting Month: …………….. I. Package Description 1.1 Contract Package 1.2 Name of the Contractor 1.3 Name of the Sub-project 1.4 Work Completed for the Month Earth work/ Concrete work/ Masonry / Others Specify Earth Work -Filling Qty……. Loc……. Earth Work -Cutting Qty……. Loc……. Concrete work Qty……. Loc……. Lining Qty……. Loc……. Turfing Qty……. Loc……. Service Road Qty……. Loc…….
II. Establishment of Contractors Camp Yes / No 1 Usage of Camp Plant / Machines/ Labour 1.1 If Plant Crusher unit/ HMP/ WMM / Any Other If material purchased from Vendor Name of the Vendor 1.2 If Machinery stocking Yes / No
Sl.N0 Type of Machinery in Number Fitness/ PCB Remarks – Operation certificate Repair under obtained taken at cam p / sent to Garage 1 Paver 2 Rollers 3 Excavators 4 Dumpers 5 Vehicles ( Tractors/ Trucks) Others 6
1.3 If Labour Permanent / Transit
S.No Particulars Remarks i Total Number of Labourers employed? ii Number of Male labourers? iii Number of female labourers?
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iv Number of local labourers? v Name the village from where the labour come from? vi Number of migrant labourers? vii Number of dwelling units in the camp? viii Type of dwellings ? Pucca : No. Kutcha :No. ix Water Supply provided? x Drinking water supply provided? Tube well/ Open Well/ Tanker/ etc xi Number of Toilets provided? xii Type of Toilet ? Leach pit / Soak Pit / Septic tank xii Number of Bath rooms provided? xiii Are Separate Bath rooms provided for women? Yes / No xiv Washing plat forms provided? xv Drainage facility provided? xvi Crèche facility provided? xvii Availability of Health centre ? Nearest xviii First Aid Facility Available? xix Health Camp / HIV awareness conducted? Yes / No If yes provide details xx Fuel used in the Camp? Fire wood/ Kerosene/ LPG xxi Does the Camp has Workshop for Repair? Yes / No xxii Any Oil Spill taking Place? Yes / No xxiii Oil / Grease traps / solid plat forms provided? Yes / No
1.4 Storage of Fuel Temporary/ Permanent 1.5 Type of Fuel Stored? HSD/ Petrol 1.5.1 License Obtained? Yes/ NO 1.6 Any Blasting Material Stored? Yes/ NO 1.6.1. License Obtained ? Yes/ NO
III. Borrow Area Management 1. No. of Borrow Area approved? 2. No. of Borrow Area Rehabilitated/ Re-developed? 3. Permission Obtained for Borrow areas Private - land Owner / Govt. Land – Panchayat /Revenue (Note: Attach Copies of Permission Letter) 4.Details of Borrow Areas
Sl. Description B.A. - 1 B.A. - 2 B.A. - 3 No. 4.1 Capacity of the Borrow Area 4.2 Percentage of the capacity exhausted 4.3 Total quantity of the Earth Excavated (in Cum.)
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4.4 Quantity of Top Soil Removed from the Borrow Area 4.5 Location of stored top Soil that was removed 4.6 Quantity of Top Soil Stored at the beginning of the month 4.7 Quantity of Top Soil utilized at the end of the month 4.8 Location(s) where Top Soil has been utilized (Specify on a Location Plan)
IV. Haulage Road Existing Road/ Temp Road Created 1. Maintenance of Haulage Road done ? Yes / No 2. Dust Suppression Measures taken ? Yes / No
V. Quarries Under Operation Yes / No 1. If Yes, Number of Quarries in Use and locations? 2. If No, Name of Vendor, the material Purchased and SPCB Certificate of Vendor to be Enclosed? 3. Are the Vehicles used for Supplying material covered ? Yes / No
VI. Erosion Control Measures: Silt Traps/ Construction in Lean Season / Compaction Taken up VII. Dump Sites: Identified - Yes / No Low lying areas Used - Yes/ No Disposal Sites – identified - Yes/ No
VIII Storage of Material: Adj . to Canal / ROW/ etc 1. Blockage of Natural drains Yes / No
IX Dust Control Measure:
Sl.No. Dust Control Devices Dust control devices are available. – Yes/ N 1 Sprinkling of Water Sprinkling of water carried out. Yes/ No 2 Cover on the vehicles Yes/ No 3 Cover on stack Yes/ No materials X. Noise Control Measure: S.No. Measure Remarks 1 Machines establishes in Habitation Yes / No
2 Away from Habitations Yes / No
3 Machines Sent for Maintenance Yes / No regularly
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XI. Safety Measures Taken:
Sl. Description No. 1 Whether first aid post established at site? Yes/No 2 Whether safety helmets given to all workmen at site? Yes/No
3 Whether safety belts / ribbons used at work site Yes/No
4 Whether gum boots, tarring unfits, spectacles etc. Yes/No given to person handling bitumen?
XII. Environmental Monitoring Details
Sl.No Type of Test No. of Date of Test Remarks Locations last conducted 1 Ground Water 2 Surface Water 3 Silt 4 Soil
Signature of the Contractor / Representative Signature of the SIO Staff Name of the Contractor Name of the SIO Staff Date Date Verified
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Annexure 15
PARAMETERS FOR GROUND WATER ANALYSI S AS PER I S 10500:1991
S.No Parameter Essential Characteristics 1 Colour Hazen Units, Max 2 Odour 3 Taste 4 Turbidity NTU, Max 5 pH Value 6 Total hardness( as CaCO3) mg/L, Max 7 Iron (as Fe) mg/L, Max 8 Chlorides (as Cl) mg/L, Max 9 Residual, free chlorine mg/L, Max Desirable Characteristics 10 Dissolved solids mg/L, Max 11 Calcium (as Ca) mg/L, Max 12 Copper (as Cu) mg/L, Max 13 Manganese (as Mn) mg/L, Max 14 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/L, Max 15 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/L 16 Fluoride (as F) mg/L, Max 17 Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/L, Max 18 Mercury (as Hg) mg/L, Max 19 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/L, Max 20 Selemium (as Se) mg/L, Max 21 Arsenic (as As) mg/L, Max 22 Cyanide (as CN) mg/L, Max 23 Lead (as Pb) mg/L, Max 24 Zinc (as Zn) mg/L, Max 25 Anionic Detergents (as MBAS) mg/L, Max 26 Chromium (as Cr 6+) mg/L, Max 27 Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (as PAH) g/L, max 28 Mineral Oil mg/L, Max 29 Pesticides mg/L, Max DDT/ Endosulphan/ phorate/ carbofuran/ monocrotophos 30 Radioactive materials a). Alpha emitters Bq/L. Max b). Beta emitters Bq/L Max 31 Alkalinity mg/L. Max 32 Aluminium (as Al) mg/L, Max 33 Boron, mg/L, Max 34 E-coli
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Annexure 15a PARAMETERS FOR SURFACE WATER ANALYSI S AS PER I S : 2296:1992 Sl.No Characteristics 1 Dissolved Oxygen (DO)mg/l, min 2 Biochemical Oxygen demand (BOD)mg/l, max 3 Total coliform organisms MPN/100ml, max 4 pH value 5 Colour, Hazen units, max. 6 Odour 7 Taste 8 Total dissolved solids, mg/l, max. 9 Total hardness (as CaCO3), mg/l, max. 10 Calcium hardness (as CaCO3), mg/l, max. 11 Magnesium hardness (as CaCO3), mg/l, max. 12 Copper (as Cu), mg/l, max. 13 Iron (as Fe), mg/l, max. 14 Manganese (as Mn), mg/l, max. 15 Chlorides (as Cu), mg/l, max. 16 Sulphates (as SO4), mg/l, max. 17 Nitrates (as NO3), mg/l, max. 18 Fluorides (as F), mg/l, max. 19 Phenolic compounds (as C2H5OH), mg/l, max. 20 Mercury (as Hg), mg/l, max. 21 Cadmium (as Cd), mg/l, max. 22 Selenium (as Se), mg/l, max. 23 Arsenic (as As), mg/l, max. 24 Cyanide (as Pb), mg/l, max. 25 Lead (as Pb), mg/l, max. 26 Zinc (as Zn), mg/l, max. 27 Chromium (as Cr6+), mg/l, max. 28 Anionic detergents (as MBAS), mg/l, max. 29 Barium (as Ba), mg/l, max. 30 Free Ammonia (as N), mg/l, max 31 Electrical conductivity, micromhos/cm, max 32 Sodium absorption ratio, max 33 Boron, mg/l, max 34 Pesticides i) DDE ii) DDT iii) Endosulfan iv) Endosulphan Sulfate v) Monocrotophos vi) Carbofuran vii) Phorate 35 COD
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36 Turbidity 37 Aluminium as Al 38 Sodium as Na % 39 Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC)
Annexure 15b PARAMETERS FOR SOIL / SILT ANALYSIS
S.No Parameter 1 pH 2 EC 3 Organic Carbon “C” 4 Texture 5 Phosphorous ( P) 6 Potassium ( K) 7 Sulphur (S) 8 Calcium (Ca) 9 Magnesium (Mg) Heavy metals 10 Chromium (Cr) 11 Lead (Pb) 12 Cadmium (Cd) 13 Fluoride (Fl) 14 Nickel ( Ni) 15 Arsenic (Ar) 16 Mercury (Hg) Micro-nutrients 17 Boron (B) 18 Copper(Cu) 19 Iron (Fe) 20 Manganese (Mn) 21 Molybdenum (Mo) 22 Zinc(Zn) Pesticides 23 DDT 24 Endosulphan 25 Phorate 26 Carbofuran 27 Monocrotophos
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PHOTO PLATES
165 PHOTO PLATES
Chitrotpala Right Bank Canal (CRBC) Photos
CRBC Main canal missing links – RD 13 km
Encroachments & canal missing links – RD 17.4 km of CRBC Main canal
Consultation at Mahenga village along with Villagers & SIO staff
Encroachments with in ROW in CRBC RD 19.000 km
Temple adjacent to proposed alignment in Talakusuma village RD 20.00km
Consultation in Talakusuma village
Villagers showing the proposed location for under ground canal in Kalabuda village
Consultation in Bangari village of CRBC with SIO staff and villagers
Consultation in Bramhapur village of CRBC with SIO staff and villagers
Paika Left Bank Canal (PLBC) Photos
Consultation at Danlo village -along with SIO staff & villagers- PLBC canal
Consultation at Bharagola village -along with SIO staff & villagers- PLBC canal
Incomplete VRB and silted and weeded canal – PLBC RD 21.160 km
Silted canal with weeds – PLBC at RD 21.800km
Consultation in Baripala village – with villagers & SIO staff
Incomplete VRB in Baripala village – causing lot of in convenience to villagers
Consultation with Villagers & SIO staff in Mangarajpur village