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CA Profile Report 2.Cdr PROFILING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE PRACTICES AND ADOPTION IN GUINEA SAVANNAH, SUDAN SAVANNAH AND TRANSITIONAL AGRO- ECOLOGICAL ZONES OF GHANA JANUARY 2020 IFAD INTERNATIONAL FUND FOR MINISTRY OF Food and Agriculture FOOD & AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL Organization of the DEVELOPMENT REPUBLIC OF GHANA REPUBLIC OF GHANA United Nations AUTHORITY/DISCLAIMER This document was prepared for the Ghana Agricultural Sector Investment Programme (GASIP) with funds from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), the Government of Ghana (GoG). Technical support was provided by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The co-leaders of the research team include Eugene Rurangwa, Naaminong Karbo, Benjamin Adjei, Mathias Edetor, Delali Kofi Nutsukpo and Wilhelmina Quaye. The views expressed and opinions contained in this report are those of the research team and are not intended as statements of policy of either IFAD or the cooperating organizations. As such, the contents do not necessarily reflect the views of Government of Ghana/Ghana Agricultural Sector Investment Programme (GASIP). TABLE OF CONTENTS Lists of tables................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Lists of figures............................................................................................................................................................... 3 Acronyms....................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Definition ....................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Acknowledgements........................................................................................................................................................ 8 Executive Summary........................................................................................................................................................9 Chapter 1: Introduction and Background......................................................................................................................11 1.1 Background........................................................................................................................................................11 1.2 Objectives and Terms of Reference (TOR).......................................................................................................12 Chapter 2: Methodology................................................................................................................................................13 2.1 Team Formation and Literature Review (Getting Started)................................................................................13 2.2 Reconnaissance for Scoping and Designing Ground Level Activity.................................................................13 2.3 District/Community and Household Level Co-generation of Information........................................................13 2.4 Sampling Technique for the selection of districts and households....................................................................15 Chapter 3: Findings.......................................................................................................................................................21 3.1: Climate change vulnerability Assessment for smallholder farmers................................................................. 21 3.2: Climate change vulnerability and youth migration.......................................................................................... 25 3.3: Potential for smallholder irrigation.................................................................................................................. 26 3.4: Profile of CA technologies............................................................................................................................... 30 3.5: Practices that promote climate change adaptation and mitigation................................................................... 35 3.6: CA adoption and practice among smallholder farmers and their perceptions..................................................37 3.7: Challenges and Possible solutions associated with promotion and adoption of CA Practices.........................41 3.8: PESTELI Analysis for CA promotion and practice in Ghana ......................................................................... 46 3.9: Market arrangement in support of sustainable CA adoption and practice........................................................52 3.10: Appropriate CA models by agro-ecological zones and Profitability Analysis................................................57 3.10.1 Appropriate CA models by agro-ecological zones................................................................................... 57 3.10.2 Description of the CA Models and Profitability........................................................................................59 3.11: CA coordination structure and Mechanisms...................................................................................................66 Chapter 4: Conclusions and Recommendations............................................................................................................70 Recommendations:........................................................................................................................................................73 Action Research Areas for CA Promotion....................................................................................................................74 Future Scenario Visioning.............................................................................................................................................75 References.....................................................................................................................................................................76 Appendix 1 : Terms of Reference (TOR).....................................................................................................................77 Appendix 2: Composition of the Multi-Disciplinary Team of Researchers................................................................. 78 Appendix 3: Bio data of Respondent for Household Questionnaire.............................................................................79 1 Appendix 4: Challenges associated with CA practices by districts in Transitional Zone.............................................80 Appendix 5: Challenges associated with CA practices by districts in Sudan Savannah...............................................81 Appendix 6: Challenges associated with CA practices by districts in Guinea Savannah............................................. 83 Appendix 7: Field Work Checklist for District Level Participatory CA Profiling........................................................85 Appendix 8: List of CA Equipment/Machinery with Value Chain Perspective for livestock and crop commodities are provide in Table below......................................................................................................................89 Lists of Tables Table 1: Proposed Criteria for selection of the Districts.............................................................................................. 15 Table 2: Selected study Districts/Municipalities by Agro-ecological zones................................................................ 16 Table 3: Table 3: Climate Change Adaptation Practices by Households by agro-ecological zones............................ 25 Table 4: District level behaviour of participants on a Likert scale towards climate change hazards in relation to migration effects in three agro-ecological zones.................................................................................... 26 Table 5: Household sources of water and reliability for irrigation by agro-ecological zones......................................29 Table 6: Type of Training received by farmers, Organization conducting training and crops grown under CA.........34 Table 7: Prioritized CA/CSA practices promoting climate change adaptation and mitigation in three agro-ecological zones................................................................................................................................................... 36 Table 8: Adoption of CA Practices by Agro-Ecological Zones (percentage distribution)............................................38 Table 9: Duration (years) of respondents using CA/CSA practices by ecological-zones.............................................39 Table 10: CA/CSA practices and perceived level of adoption by gender in 3 ecological zones..................................40 Table 11: Advantages and Challenges of CA Practices at the household levels across agro-ecological zones............45 Table 12: Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, Legal / Institutional (PESTELI) Analysis.... 50 Table 13: Level of agreement by respondents on statements likely to affect CA/CSA Adoption................................52 Table 14: Place for marketing produce by Agro-Ecological Zone............................................................................... 53 Table 15: Marketing strategies by Agro-ecological
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