Sustainable Urban Transport in

Thosapol SUPAREE Traffic and Transportation Department Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA)

1 Contents :

1. Introduction

2. Bangkok transport policies

3. Data availibility

4. Challenges

2 Introduction : Bangkok

Area 1,568 sq.km. Registered population > 10 Million Inhabitans 5,696,4095,707,206 people คน

Registered population : 5,673,500 people

2012 2015 Population Density : 3,631 A total population 3people/sq.km.,625 คน/ตร.กม. including non- registered population, i.e. entrepreneurs and tourists: More than 10 million people 3 3 3 Number of vehicles : More than 9 million units Only the registered vehicles in Bangkok

Road area: only 5% of the city area Insufficient public Travel Demand: More than 12 million trips/day transport

The higher number of vehicles limits speed on roads

Number of vehicles in Bangkok Average Speed on main roads

7.5 Million units 19 km/h

2012

6.8 Million units 20 km/h

2011 6.4 Million units 21 km/h

2010 6.1 Million units 22 km/h

2009 *The collective registered vehicles **During rush hour

4 Rail system : 2015 85 kms 2016 105 kms 2019 438 kms 2029 536 kms

0 2 5 10 กม. Km. 5 Mode share : 2029

Bus & Boat Private Car 21.8 % 2015 41.1 % 20.7 % Bus & Boat Mass Transit 16.5 % Private Car 37.2 % 38.1 % Taxi & Motorcycle 5.8 % 18.9 %

Mass Transit Taxi & Motorcycle

6 Central government Ministry of Transport

OTP (Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning) DOH (Department of Highway) DRR (Department of Rural Roads) DLT(Department of Land Transport ) MD (Marine Department) MRTA (Mass Authority of ) BMTA (Bangkok Mass Transit Authority) SRT (State Railway Authority) EXAT (Expressway Authority of Thailand)

Local government BMA Traffic and Transportation Department Public Works Department Vicinity Provinces

Royal Thai Police traffic law enforcement

7 • (Mo Chit - Bearing) BMA’s • 22.25 Km. 22 Stations mass Open for service in 1999 transit network :

+ & light rail system (feeder system) : in feasibility study process

Silom Line (National Stadium – Bang Wa) 14.67 Km. 13 Stations Open for service in 1999 BRT Sathon-Ratchaphruek 15 Km. 12 stations Open for service in May 2010

8 BKK transport policies : Green transport Multimodal Transport Development Bangkok’s Mass Transit Development Plan

Rail Mass • BTS (Sky Train) - To develop efficient Transit • MRTA (Subway) mass transit system including : • Main system to cover high density Public • Taxis residential area Transport Road and inner city area Transport • Bus Modes • BRT • Support system to link main system with medium & low density residential area Water • River - To discourage private Transport • Canal vehicles usage - To promote NMT

9 Walking Walking Bicycle Bicycle Motorcycle Rail Mass Transit Taxi

Connection to main mode Main Mode Linking to destination of transport Destination Origin of Transport Bus in Bangkok Bus Public Van Public Van BRT BRT Shuttle bus Shuttle bus Passenger Boat Passenger Boat

Use clean energy Promote behavior changes

10 Data availability :

Kaparias et al. (2011), Key performance indicators for traffic management and intelligent transport systems Ministry of Transport BMA RTP Ministry of Interior OTP TTD Traffic Department of SRT BMTA EXAT Police Disaster DOH MD DLT Division Prevention and Mitigation MRTA DRR

11 Challenges :

 Network of public transport  Data on urban transport : Travel demand (share mode, O-D data, travel cost,…) Operation data (traffic accident, GHG emission, energy efficiency, air quality)  Changing behavior to use sustainable transport such as public transport, bicycle and walking  Creating collaboration with all stakeholders related to urban transport in city

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Thank You for Your Attention

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