Efficiacy of Resveratrol and Quercetin After Experimental Spinal Cord Injury
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Curcumin, EGCG, Resveratrol and Quercetin on Flying Carpets
DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.9.3865 Targeting Cancer with Nano-Bullets: Curcumin, EGCG, Resveratrol and Quercetin on Flying Carpets MINI-REVIEW Targeting Cancer with Nano-Bullets: Curcumin, EGCG, Resveratrol and Quercetin on Flying Carpets Aliye Aras1, Abdur Rehman Khokhar2, Muhammad Zahid Qureshi3, Marcela Fernandes Silva4, Agnieszka Sobczak-Kupiec5, Edgardo Alfonso Gómez Pineda4, Ana Adelina Winkler Hechenleitner4, Ammad Ahmad Farooqi6* Abstract It is becoming progressively more understandable that different phytochemicals isolated from edible plants interfere with specific stages of carcinogenesis. Cancer cells have evolved hallmark mechanisms to escape from death. Concordant with this approach, there is a disruption of spatiotemproal behaviour of signaling cascades in cancer cells, which can escape from apoptosis because of downregulation of tumor suppressor genes and over- expression of oncogenes. Genomic instability, intra-tumor heterogeneity, cellular plasticity and metastasizing potential of cancer cells all are related to molecular alterations. Data obtained through in vitro studies has convincingly revealed that curcumin, EGCG, resveratrol and quercetin are promising anticancer agents. Their efficacy has been tested in tumor xenografted mice and considerable experimental findings have stimulated researchers to further improve the bioavailability of these nutraceuticals. We partition this review into different sections with emphasis on how bioavailability of curcumin, EGCG, resveratrol and quercetin has improved using different nanotechnology approaches. Keywords: Resveratrol - nanotechnology - EGCG - apoptosis Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 15 (9), 3865-3871 Introduction Huixiao et al., 2012) Nanoparticles have wide ranging applications because of specific properties resulting Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that cancer from both high specific surface and quantum limitation is a genomically complex disease. -
The Effect of the Flavonoids Quercetin and Genistein on The
THE EFFECT OF THE FLAVONOIDS QUERCETIN AND GENISTEIN ON THE ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES Cu, Zn SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE, GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE, AND GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE IN MALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS by ANNETTE CAIRNS GOVERNO (Under the Direction of Joan G. Fischer) ABSTRACT Quercetin (QC) and genistein (GS) are phytochemicals found in fruits and vegetables. These compounds may exert protective effects by altering antioxidant enzyme activities. The objective of the study was to examine the effects of QC and GS supplementation on the activities of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), and Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver, and SOD activity in red blood cells (RBC), as well as the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential (FRAP). Male, weanling Sprague-Dawley rats (n=7-8 group) were fed quercetin at 0.3, 0.6 or 0.9g/100g of diet or genistein at 0.008, 0.012, or 0.02g/100g diet for 14d. GS supplementation significantly increased liver GSHPx activity compared to control (p<0.01). GS did not significantly alter activities of liver SOD and GR, or RBC SOD. QC did not significantly alter antioxidant enzyme activities in liver or RBC. Neither QC nor GS increased the antioxidant capacity of serum. In conclusion, low levels of GS significantly increased liver GSHPx activity, which may contribute to this isoflavone’s protective effects. INDEX WORDS: Flavonoids, Quercetin, Genistein, Copper Zinc Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase, Glutathione Reductase THE EFFECT OF THE FLAVONOIDS QUERCETIN AND GENISTEIN ON THE ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES Cu, Zn SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE, GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE, AND GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE IN MALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS by ANNETTE CAIRNS GOVERNO B., S. -
In Vivo Analysis of Bisphenol
Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2019; 5(S1): 28-36 28 Research Article In vivo analysis of bisphenol A-induced sub-chronic toxicity on reproductive accessory glands of male mice and its amelioration by quercetin Sanman Samova, Hetal Doctor, Dimple Damore, Ramtej Verma Department of Zoology, BMTC and Human Genetics, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India Received: 20 December 2018 Revised: 1 February 2019 Accepted: 25 February 2019 Abstract Objective: Bisphenol A is an endocrine disrupting chemical, widely used as a material for the production of epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics. Food is considered as the main source of exposure to BPA as it leaches out from the food containers as well as surface coatings into it. BPA is toxic to vital organs such as liver kidney and brain. Quercetin, the most abundant flavonoid in nature, is present in large amounts in vegetables, fruits and tea. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxic effects of BPA in prostate gland and seminal vesicle of mice and its possible amelioration by quercetin. Material and methods: Inbred Swiss strain male albino mice were orally administered with BPA (80, 120 and 240 mg/kg body weight/day) for 45 Days. Oral administration of BPA caused significant, dose-dependent reduction in absolute and relative weights of prostate gland and seminal vesicle. Results and conclusion: Biochemical analysis revealed that protein content reduced significantly, whereas acid phosphatase activity increased significantly in prostate gland and reduction in fructose content was observed in seminal vesicle. Oral administration of quercetin (30, 60 and 90 mg/kg body weight/day) alone with high dose of BPA (240 mg/kg body weight/day) for 45 days caused significant and dose-dependent amelioration in all parameters as compared to BPA along treated group. -
Fighting Bisphenol A-Induced Male Infertility: the Power of Antioxidants
antioxidants Review Fighting Bisphenol A-Induced Male Infertility: The Power of Antioxidants Joana Santiago 1 , Joana V. Silva 1,2,3 , Manuel A. S. Santos 1 and Margarida Fardilha 1,* 1 Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; [email protected] (J.S.); [email protected] (J.V.S.); [email protected] (M.A.S.S.) 2 Institute for Innovation and Health Research (I3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal 3 Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +351-234-247-240 Abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA), a well-known endocrine disruptor present in epoxy resins and poly- carbonate plastics, negatively disturbs the male reproductive system affecting male fertility. In vivo studies showed that BPA exposure has deleterious effects on spermatogenesis by disturbing the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and inducing oxidative stress in testis. This compound seems to disrupt hormone signalling even at low concentrations, modifying the levels of inhibin B, oestra- diol, and testosterone. The adverse effects on seminal parameters are mainly supported by studies based on urinary BPA concentration, showing a negative association between BPA levels and sperm concentration, motility, and sperm DNA damage. Recent studies explored potential approaches to treat or prevent BPA-induced testicular toxicity and male infertility. Since the effect of BPA on testicular cells and spermatozoa is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species, most of the pharmacological approaches are based on the use of natural or synthetic antioxidants. -
Polyphenols As Possible Agents for Pancreatic Diseases
antioxidants Review Polyphenols as Possible Agents for Pancreatic Diseases Uroš Gaši´c 1 , Ivanka Ciri´c´ 2 , Tomislav Pejˇci´c 3, Dejan Radenkovi´c 4,5, Vladimir Djordjevi´c 5, Siniša Radulovi´c 6 and Živoslav Teši´c 7,* 1 Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stankovi´c”,National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected] 2 Innovation Center, University of Belgrade—Faculty of Chemistry, P.O. Box 51, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected] 3 Clinic of Urology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected] 4 University of Belgrade—Faculty of Medicine, dr Suboti´ca8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected] 5 First Surgical Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Koste Todorovi´ca6, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected] 6 Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected] 7 University of Belgrade—Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12–16, P.O. Box 51, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +381-113336733 Received: 29 April 2020; Accepted: 31 May 2020; Published: 23 June 2020 Abstract: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is very aggressive and it is estimated that it kills nearly 50% of patients within the first six months. The lack of symptoms specific to this disease prevents early diagnosis and treatment. Today, gemcitabine alone or in combination with other cytostatic agents such as cisplatin (Cis), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), irinotecan, capecitabine, or oxaliplatin (Oxa) is used in conventional therapy. -
Potential Adverse Effects of Resveratrol: a Literature Review
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Potential Adverse Effects of Resveratrol: A Literature Review Abdullah Shaito 1 , Anna Maria Posadino 2, Nadin Younes 3, Hiba Hasan 4 , Sarah Halabi 5, Dalal Alhababi 3, Anjud Al-Mohannadi 3, Wael M Abdel-Rahman 6 , Ali H. Eid 7,*, Gheyath K. Nasrallah 3,* and Gianfranco Pintus 6,2,* 1 Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Lebanese International University, 1105 Beirut, Lebanon; [email protected] 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; [email protected] 3 Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, and Biomedical Research Center Qatar University, P.O Box 2713 Doha, Qatar; [email protected] (N.Y.); [email protected] (D.A.); [email protected] (A.A.-M.) 4 Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; [email protected] 5 Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, 1105 Beirut, Lebanon; [email protected] 6 Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O Box: 27272, United Arab Emirates; [email protected] 7 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.H.E.); [email protected] (G.K.N.); [email protected] (G.P.) Received: 13 December 2019; Accepted: 15 March 2020; Published: 18 March 2020 Abstract: Due to its health benefits, resveratrol (RE) is one of the most researched natural polyphenols. -
The Human Microbial Metabolism of Quercetin in Different Formulations
foods Article The human Microbial Metabolism of Quercetin in Different Formulations: An In Vitro Evaluation Giuseppe Di Pede 1 , Letizia Bresciani 2 , Luca Calani 1, Giovanna Petrangolini 3 , Antonella Riva 3 , Pietro Allegrini 3, Daniele Del Rio 2,* and Pedro Mena 1 1 Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; [email protected] (G.D.P.); [email protected] (L.C.); [email protected] (P.M.) 2 Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; [email protected] 3 Research and Development Department, Indena S.p.A., Viale Ortles, 12-20139 Milano, Italy; [email protected] (G.P.); [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (P.A.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-0521-033830 Received: 29 July 2020; Accepted: 10 August 2020; Published: 14 August 2020 Abstract: Quercetin is one of the main dietary flavonols, but its beneficial properties in disease prevention may be limited due to its scarce bioavailability. For this purpose, delivery systems have been designed to enhance both stability and bioavailability of bioactive compounds. This study aimed at investigating the human microbial metabolism of quercetin derived from unformulated and phytosome-formulated quercetin through an in vitro model. Both ingredients were firstly characterized for their profile in native (poly)phenols, and then fermented with human fecal microbiota for 24 h. Quantification of microbial metabolites was performed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (uHPLC-MSn) analyses. Native quercetin, the main compound in both products, appeared less prone to microbial degradation in the phytosome-formulated version compared to the unformulated one during fecal incubation. -
Suppression of Prostate Cancer Growth by Resveratrol in The
Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention by Resveratrol RESEARCH COMMUNICATION Suppression of Prostate Cancer Growth by Resveratrol in The Transgenic Rat for Adenocarcinoma of Prostate (TRAP) Model Azman Seeni, Satoru Takahashi*, Kentaro Takeshita, Mingxi Tang, Satoshi Sugiura, Shin-ya Sato, Tomoyuki Shirai Abstract Research into actions of resveratrol, abundantly present in red grape skin, has been greatly stimulated by its reported beneficial health influence. Since it was recently proposed as a potential prostate cancer chemopreventive agent, we here performed an in vivo experiment to explore its effect in the Transgenic Rat for Adenocarcinoma of Prostate (TRAP) model, featuring the rat probasin promoter/SV 40 T antigen. Resveratrol suppressed prostate cancer growth and induction of apoptosis through androgen receptor (AR) down-regulation, without any sign of toxicity. Resveratrol not only downregulated androgen receptor (AR) expression but also suppressed the androgen responsive glandular kallikrein 11 (Gk11), known to be an ortholog of the human prostate specific antigen (PSA), at the mRNA level. The data provide a mechanistic basis for resveratrol chemopreventive efficacy against prostate cancer. Key Words: Chemoprevention - prostate cancer - resveratrol - TRAP rats -Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 9, 7-14 Introduction ideal tool to gain insights into possible mechanisms for prostate cancer prevention (Asamoto et al., 2001b; Cho Prostate cancer has become the most frequently et al., 2003; Zeng et al., 2005; Kandori et al., 2005; Said diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer- et al., 2006; Tang et al., 2007) in the relatively short-term. related death for men in the United States (Jemal et al., To our knowledge, the present study provided the first 2007). -
Effects on Systemic Sex Steroid Hormone
Chow et al. Journal of Translational Medicine 2014, 12:223 http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/12/1/223 RESEARCH Open Access A pilot clinical study of resveratrol in postmenopausal women with high body mass index: effects on systemic sex steroid hormones H-H Sherry Chow1*, Linda L Garland1, Brandy M Heckman-Stoddard2, Chiu-Hsieh Hsu1, Valerie D Butler1, Catherine A Cordova1, Wade M Chew1 and Terri L Cornelison2 Abstract Background: Breast cancer risk is partially determined by several hormone-related factors. Preclinical and clinical studies suggested that resveratrol may modulate these hormonal factors. Methods: We conducted a pilot study in postmenopausal women with high body mass index (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)to determine the clinical effect of resveratrol on systemic sex steroid hormones. Forty subjects initiated the resveratrol intervention (1 gm daily for 12 weeks) with six withdrawn early due to adverse events (AEs). Thirty-four subjects completed the intervention. Results: Resveratrol intervention did not result in significant changes in serum concentrations of estradiol, estrone, and testosterone but led to an average of 10% increase in the concentrations of sex steroid hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Resveratrol intervention resulted in an average of 73% increase in urinary 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1) levels leading to a favorable change in urinary 2-OHE1/16α-OHE1 ratio. One participant had asymptomatic Grade 4 elevation of liver enzymes at the end of study intervention. Two subjects had Grade 3 skin rashes. The remaining adverse events were Grade 1 or 2 events. The most common adverse events were diarrhea and increased total cholesterol, reported in 30% and 27.5% of the subjects, respectively. -
Hydroxytyrosol but Not Resveratrol Ingestion Induced an Acute Increment of Post Exercise Blood Flow in Brachial Artery
Health, 2016, 8, 1766-1777 http://www.scirp.org/journal/health ISSN Online: 1949-5005 ISSN Print: 1949-4998 Hydroxytyrosol But Not Resveratrol Ingestion Induced an Acute Increment of Post Exercise Blood Flow in Brachial Artery Giorgia Sarais1, Antonio Crisafulli2, Daniele Concu3, Andrea Fois4, Abdallah Raweh5, Alberto Concu3,5 1Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy 2Laboratory of Sports Physiology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy 3IIC Technologies Ltd., Cagliari, Italy 4EventFeel Ltd., Cagliari, Italy 5Medical Sciences Faculty, The LUdeS Foundation Higher Education Institution, Kalkara, Malta How to cite this paper: Sarais, G., Crisaful- Abstract li, A., Concu, D., Fois, A., Raweh, A. and Concu, A. (2016) Hydroxytyrosol But Not The aim of this study was to test if previous ingestion of compounds containing res- Resveratrol Ingestion Induced an Acute veratrol or hydroxytyrosol, followed by an exhausting hand grip exercise, could in- Increment of Post Exercise Blood Flow in duce an acute post-exercise increase in brachial blood flow. Six healthy subjects Brachial Artery. Health, 8, 1766-1777. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/health.2016.815170 (three males and three females, 35 ± 7 years), 60 minutes after ingestion of a capsule containing 200 mg of resveratrol or 30 ml of extra virgin olive oil enriched with ty- Received: August 19, 2016 rosol, oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, performed a hand grip exercise equal to half of Accepted: December 11, 2016 their maximum strength until they were no longer able to express the same force Published: December 14, 2016 (2-day interval between tests). The nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test was Copyright © 2016 by authors and used for statistical evaluations. -
During This Time of Great Societal Stress, We Are Here to Contribute Our Knowledge and Experience to Your Health and Wellbeing
During this time of great societal stress, we are here to contribute our knowledge and experience to your health and wellbeing. There is a high level of interest in evidence-based integrative strategies to augment public health measures to prevent COVID-19 virus infection and associated pneumonia. Unfortunately, no integrative measures have been validated in human trials specifically for COVID-19. Notwithstanding, this is an opportune time to be proactive. Using available evidence, we offer the following strategies for you to consider to enhance your immune system to reduce the severity or the duration of a viral infection. Again, we stress that these are supplemental considerations to the current recommendations that emphasize regular hand washing, physical distancing, stopping non-essential travel, and getting tested if you develop symptoms. RISK REDUCTION: • Adequate sleep: Shorter sleep duration increases the risk of infectious illness. Adequate sleep also ensures the secretion of melatonin, a molecule which may play a role in reducing coronavirus virulence (see Melatonin below). • Stress management: Psychological stress disrupts immune regulation. Various mindfulness techniques such as meditation, breathing exercises, and guided imagery reduce stress. • Zinc: Coronaviruses appear to be susceptible to the viral inhibitory actions of zinc. Zinc may prevent coronavirus entry into cells and appears to reduce coronavirus virulence. Typical daily dosing of zinc is 15mg – 30mg daily with lozenges potentially providing direct protective effects in the upper respiratory tract. • Vegetables and Fruits: Vegetables and fruits provide a repository of flavonoids that are considered a cornerstone of an anti-inflammatory diet. At least 5–7 servings of vegetables and 2–3 servings of fruits are recommended daily. -
Biofactors in Food Promote Health by Enhancing Mitochondrial Function
ReVieW aRticle ▼ Biofactors in food promote health by enhancing mitochondrial function by Sonia F. Shenoy, Winyoo Chowanadisai, Edward Sharman, Carl L. Keen, Jiankang Liu and Robert B. Rucker Mitochondrial function has been linked to protection from and symptom reduc- UC Davis M. Steinberg, Francine tion in chronic diseases such as heart dis- ease, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. We review a number of phytochemicals and biofactors that influence mitochon- drial function and oxidative metabolism. These include resveratrol found in grapes; several plant-derived flavonoids (quercetin, epicatechin, catechin and procyanidins); and two tyrosine-derived quinones, hydroxytyrosol in olive oil and pyrroloquinoline quinone, a minor but ubiquitous component of plant and animal tissues. In plants, these biofac- tors serve as pigments, phytoalexins or growth factors. In animals, positive nutritional and physiological attributes Biofactors in food play a role in enhancing mitochondrial function, thereby decreasing the risk of some chronic diseases. Top, a mouse that has been deprived of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), have been established for each, particu- a ubiquitous bacterial compound found in fermented products, tea, cocoa and legumes. Above, a larly with respect to their ability to affect mouse fed a diet containing PQQ. energy metabolism, cell signaling and mitochondrial function. that our body does not normally produce) attributes has been described and vali- that must be either eliminated or put to dated for each of these compounds. novel uses in the body. Many xenobiotics Biological properties of resveratrol ne of the most promising current ar- in foods can influence specific metabolic Oeas of nutritional research focuses on functions, acting as bioactive factors (bio- Resveratrol is a stilbenoid (a type of plant compounds with positive health ef- factors).