Unexpected Host Dependency of Antarctic Nanohaloarchaeota
Unexpected host dependency of Antarctic Nanohaloarchaeota Joshua N. Hamma, Susanne Erdmanna,1, Emiley A. Eloe-Fadroshb, Allegra Angelonia, Ling Zhongc, Christopher Brownleed, Timothy J. Williamsa, Kirston Bartone, Shaun Carswelle, Martin A. Smithe,f, Sarah Brazendalea,2, Alyce M. Hancocka,3, Michelle A. Allena, Mark J. Rafteryc, and Ricardo Cavicchiolia,4 aSchool of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; bDepartment of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598; cBioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; dBiological Resources Imaging Laboratory, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; eKinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; and fSt. Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia Edited by Norman R. Pace, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, and approved June 5, 2019 (received for review March 25, 2019) In hypersaline environments, Nanohaloarchaeota (Diapherotrites, acidilobi (<0.3-μmdiameter,∼0.6 Mb) (11), Candidatus Parvarchaeota, Aenigmarchaeota, Nanoarchaeota, Nanohaloarch- Parvarchaeum acidophilus (0.6-μm diameter, <1 Mb) (12), and aeota [DPANN] superphylum) are thought to be free-living Candidatus Mancarchaeum acidophilum (∼1-μmdiameter,∼1Mb) microorganisms. We report cultivation of 2 strains of Antarctic (13), have all been shown to possess small cell and genome sizes; Nanohaloarchaeota and show that they require the haloarchaeon these are traits that have been proposed to be typical of all Halorubrum lacusprofundi for growth. By performing growth us- DPANN phyla (3). Due to their reduced genomic capacity, these ing enrichments and fluorescence-activated cell sorting, we dem- – onstrated successful cultivation of Candidatus Nanohaloarchaeum Nanoarchaeota and Pavarchaeota require cell cell contact with – antarcticus, purification of Ca.
[Show full text]