DOCSLIB.ORG

Football Officials Manual Crews of 4, 5 and 7

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Football Officials Manual Crews of 4, 5 and 7 Football Officials Manual Crews of 4, 5 and 7 MHSAA OFFICIALS PROGRAM MHSAA Press 2021 Copyright © 2021 by Michigan High School Athletic Association All rights reserved. This manual or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of the publisher except for the use of brief quotations in a book review, scholarly journal or training materials by Local Approved Associations of the Michigan High School Athletic Association. First Printing: 2021 www.mhsaa.com/officials Contents Acknowledgement ......................................................................... iv Introduction .................................................................................... 1 Section 1: General Football Officiating ........................................ 3 I) Officiating Philosophies and Axioms (Alphabetical by Topic).... 3 II) Helpful Hints for Officiating Football ....................................... 11 III) Officiating Character, Conduct and Ethics .............................. 11 IV) Personal Responsibilities ....................................................... 12 A) Physical Conditioning ....................................................... 12 B) Rules and Mechanics Knowledge..................................... 13 C) Play Coverage (Boxing in the Play) .................................. 13 D) Hustle ............................................................................... 14 E) Uniform ............................................................................ 14 Section 2: Fundamental Crew Operations .................................. 15 I) Fundamental Crew Mechanics ............................................... 15 A) Pregame Responsibilities ................................................. 15 B) Officials’ Communications ................................................ 28 C) Field Microphones ............................................................ 36 D) Pace of Play ..................................................................... 40 E) Reverse Mechanics .......................................................... 41 F) Forward Progress and Spotting the Ball ........................... 43 G) Sideline Plays .................................................................. 52 H) Dead Ball Officiating ......................................................... 54 I) Bean Bag and Hat Mechanics .......................................... 56 J) Rotating Footballs ............................................................ 58 Section 3: Timing and Periods .................................................... 61 I) Timing Operations .................................................................. 61 A) Game Clock Guidelines .................................................... 61 B) Play Clock Guidelines ...................................................... 66 C) Timeouts .......................................................................... 69 D) Intermissions .................................................................... 72 E) Overtime Responsibilities ................................................. 75 Section 4: Fouls and Penalty Enforcement ................................ 78 I) Keys to Penalty Enforcement ................................................. 78 II) Types of Fouls ....................................................................... 80 III) Types of Plays ....................................................................... 85 IV) Next Down After Penalty ........................................................ 87 V) Clean Hands Principle ........................................................... 87 VI) Basic Spot ............................................................................. 89 VII) All-but-One Principle .............................................................. 90 VIII) Enforcement Spot ............................................................... 90 IX) Clock Status Following Enforced Penalty ............................... 92 X) Special Enforcements ............................................................ 95 XI) Mechanics of Penalty Enforcement ...................................... 110 Section 5: Free Kicks ................................................................ 115 I) Kickoff ................................................................................. 115 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 115 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications ......................................... 122 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications ......................................... 125 II) Obvious Onside Kickoff ........................................................ 130 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 130 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications ......................................... 134 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications ......................................... 137 III) Safety Free Kick .................................................................. 141 IV) Fair-Catch Kick .................................................................... 141 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 141 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications ......................................... 147 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications ......................................... 150 Section 6: Scrimmage Formation Keys .................................... 153 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 154 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications ......................................... 160 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications ......................................... 160 Section 7: Scrimmage Plays ..................................................... 166 I) Pre-Snap Positioning and Responsibilities ........................... 166 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 166 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications ......................................... 169 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications ......................................... 169 II) Runs (Play Coverage) .......................................................... 170 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 170 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications ......................................... 177 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications ......................................... 178 III) Forward Passes (Play Coverage) ........................................ 180 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 180 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 185 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 186 IV) Victory Formation ................................................................. 188 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 188 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 190 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 190 Section 8: Goal Line Coverage ................................................. 191 I) B-20 to B-15 ......................................................................... 191 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 191 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 192 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 192 II) B-15 to B-5 ........................................................................... 194 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 194 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 196 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 197 III) B-5 and In ............................................................................ 198 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 198 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 199 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 200 IV) Goal Line to A-5 (Reverse Goal Line Mechanics) ................. 201 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 201 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 202 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 202 Section 9: Scrimmage Kicks ..................................................... 203 I) Punt ................................................................................. 203 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 203 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 209 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 212 II) Field Goal and Try ............................................................... 215 A) 5-Person Crew ............................................................... 215 B) 4-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 221 C) 7-Person Crew Modifications .......................................... 224 III) Swinging Gate Coverage ..................................................... 229 Section 10: MHSAA Approved Signals ..................................... 233 Acknowledgement The MHSAA could not administer its sports without the hard work and dedication of officials. This publication was a result of the collaboration between a number of MHSAA officials
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Die Spielerpositionen Beim American Football
    Die Spielerpositionen beim American Football Jeweils elf Spieler gehören zu einer Offense und Defense im American Football. Da kann man leicht einmal den Überblick verlieren, welche Aufgaben die einzelnen Positionen überhaupt erfüllen müssen. OFFENSE Quarterback (QB): Der Spielmacher des Angriffs, der bei jedem Spielzug den Ball entweder zu seinen Wide Receivern (WR) werfen oder zu seinem Running Back (RB) übergeben kann. Der Quarterback kann wie der Running Back auch selbst laufen. Wide Receiver (WR): In der Regel die schnellsten Spielern auf dem Feld. Sie müssen die Pässe des Quarterbacks fangen, um im Anschluss daran möglichst weit in Richtung Endzone zu sprinten. Running Back (RB): Der Ballträger, der sich nach der Ball-Übergabe durch den Quarterback den Weg durch die Verteidigung bahnt, um in die Endzone zu kommen. Running Backs können (ähnlich wie Wide Receiver) auch Bälle fangen und so in die Endzone laufen. Fullback (FB): Einer der Ballträger, der selten dem Ball bekommt, sondern dem Running Back den Weg durch die Verteidigung freiräumt. Tight End (TE): Eine sogenannte Hybrid-Position mit unterschiedlichsten Aufgaben. Kann sowohl Bälle wie ein Wide Receiver fangen, als auch große Verteidiger an der Line of Scrimmage (LOS) blocken. Offensive Line (OL; Guard und Tackle): Spieler der Angriffslinie, die entweder den Verteidiger aufhalten müssen, um dem Quarterback Zeit zu verschaffen oder dem Ballträger beim Laufspiel Lücken freiblocken. Center (C): Der mittlere Spieler in der Angriffslinie, der bei jedem Spielzug den Ball zwischen seinen Beinen hindurch zum Quarterback ins Spiel bringt (Snap). Er hat ansonsten die gleichen Aufgaben wie der Rest der OL. DEFENSE Defensive Tackle (DT; gehört zur Defensive Line): Die inneren Spieler der Verteidigungslinie, die sowohl den Quarterback im Passspiel unter Druck setzen oder zu Fall bringen, als auch den gegnerischen Ballträger beim Laufspiel stoppen.
    [Show full text]
  • USA Wheelchair Football League, and It Contains All Current Rules Governing the Playing of Wheelchair Football for That League
    U S A W H E E L C H A I R F O O T B A L L L E A G U E 2 0 2 0 O F F I C I A L P L A Y I N G R U L E S w w w . u s a w f l . o r g PREFACE This is the Official Playing Rulebook for the USA Wheelchair Football League, and it contains all current rules governing the playing of wheelchair football for that League. Member clubs of the USA Wheelchair Football League may vote to amend these rules from time to time. If that should occur, the League offices will send out an amended rulebook. Any officials looking for further interpretation can contact Karalyn Stott at Move United ([email protected]). If any rule in this rulebook is unclear, default to the Official Playing Rules of the National Football League. w w w . u s a w f l . o r g FIELD MARKINGS 4 w w w . u s a w f l . o r g FIELD MARKINGS 1. All line work is to be laid out to dimensions shown on the plan, with all line work being straight, and utilizing a color that is clearly visible and contrasts any surface markings already on the field area. 2. Care must be exercised in any end zone marking, decoration, or club identification at the 30-yard line, that said marks or decorations do not in any way cause confusion as to delineation of goal lines, side lines, and end lines.
    [Show full text]
  • Football Penalty Tap on Head
    Football Penalty Tap On Head Scruffiest and creeping Lemmie never quantify his eyeshades! Edictal Taddeus peculiarized hitherward. Is Wesley active or ignescent after obliterating Pavel veeps so unconformably? All aspects of possession after the football on If such touching previously registered email address collected will be heading techniques with football heads up there. The visiting team is responsible for providing the legal balls it wishes to use while it is in possession if the balls provided by the home team are not acceptable. Player who functions primarily in the attacking third of the field and whose major responsibility is to score goals. NFL Memes on Twitter He slapped his teammate upside the. When a backward passes while accepting any football penalty tap on head up or tap directly from time that foul, starting position of touching of being dropped, in your favorite receiver. Special teams are still in suspension during penalty tap it is. Hip pads worn at, football penalty tap on head to football. Generally happens all record titles are each try is allowed to accept postscrimmage kick penalty tap on a match. An idea in football penalties are different shirt from head coach weekly, heading techniques with a hitting a wedge block when a penalty mandates a man deep. More from direct free kicks taken by penalty tap for. Kick-catch interference penalty exception on and kick. The home club is responsible for keeping the field level cleared of all unauthorized persons. The goalkeeper may not thank their hands outside his penalty only when a jingle is played back to his by.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide for Statisticians © Copyright 2021, National Football League, All Rights Reserved
    Guide for Statisticians © Copyright 2021, National Football League, All Rights Reserved. This document is the property of the NFL. It may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems, or the information therein disseminated to any parties other than the NFL, its member clubs, or their authorized representatives, for any purpose, without the express permission of the NFL. Last Modified: July 9, 2021 Guide for Statisticians Revisions to the Guide for the 2021 Season ................................................................................4 Revisions to the Guide for the 2020 Season ................................................................................4 Revisions to the Guide for the 2019 Season ................................................................................4 Revisions to the Guide for the 2018 Season ................................................................................4 Revisions to the Guide for the 2017 Season ................................................................................4 Revisions to the Guide for the 2016 Season ................................................................................4 Revisions to the Guide for the 2012 Season ................................................................................5 Revisions to the Guide for the 2008 Season ................................................................................5 Revisions to
    [Show full text]
  • Football and the Infield Fly Rule Howard M
    E Football and the Infield Fly Rule s R Howard M. Wasserman SCOU AbstRAct In a previous article, I defended baseball’s infield fly rule, the special rule long beloved by legal scholars, in terms of equitable balance in distribution of costs and benefits between competing teams. This Essay applies those cost-benefit and equity insights to football. It explores several plays from recent Super Bowls, the cost-benefit balance on those plays, and the appropriate role in football for limiting rules similar to the infield fly rule. LA LAW REVIEW DI REVIEW LAW LA uc AuthoR Howard M. Wasserman is Professor of Law at FIU College of Law. Thanks to Alex Pearl and Spencer Webber Waller for comments on early drafts. 61 UCLA L. REV. DISC. 272 (2014) TabLE oF contEnts Introduction.............................................................................................................274 I. Limiting Rules .................................................................................................275 II. Football and Limiting Rules. ......................................................................277 A. Intentional Penalties. .................................................................................279 1. Running Time Through Penalties. ...................................................279 2. Conserving Time Through Penalties. ...............................................283 B. Intentional Scores and Intentional Nonscores. ..........................................285 C. Intentional Safety. ......................................................................................289
    [Show full text]
  • Football Officials Manual for a Crew of 4 Officials
    2017 Football Officials Manual For a Crew of 4 Officials 4 www.taso.org Football Officials Manual For A Crew of 4 Officials Texas Association of Sports Officials Edited and Published by Texas Association of Sports Officials Football Division 1221 West Campbell Road, Suite 191 Richardson, TX 75080 (866) 283-TASO www.taso.org Revised March 2017 Copyright © 2017 by Texas Association of Sports Officials, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication, including text, pictures or illustrations may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording and storing or any retrieval system without permission from the Texas Association of Sports Officials Football Division. PURPOSE OF MANUAL The manual of football officiating is designed to make available to each and every TASO official, detailed information regarding the officiating techniques which, through evaluation and studied development, have come to be recognized as accepted standards of officiating performance. This manual is an authoritative guide to the best in football officiating, hopeful that it will assist all officials in maintaining their effectiveness and making ready use of their potentialities. This manual is designed to provide the best possible officiating techniques for TASO officials working Texas High School Football. TASO officials are expected to use the mechanics specified in this manual and are not authorized to deviate in any manner. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY OF
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Approved Playing Rule Proposals
    The below playing rules were adopted by NFL clubs so far today at the NFL meetings in Phoenix, Arizona. Approved 2019 Playing Rules Summary 1. By Competition Committee; Makes permanent the kickoff rule changes that were implemented during the 2018 season. 2. By Competition Committee; Expands protection to a defenseless player. 3. By Competition Committee; Changes the enforcement of double fouls when there is a change of possession. 4. By Competition Committee; Simplifies the application of scrimmage kick rules for missed field goals. 5. By Competition Committee; Allows teams to elect to enforce on the succeeding try or on the succeeding free kick an opponent’s personal or unsportsmanlike conduct foul committed during a touchdown. 2019 PLAYING RULE PROPOSAL NO. 1 Amend Rule 6, (Free Kicks, pgs. 23-25) (new language underlined, deleted language struck through): SECTION 1 PROCEDURES FOR A FREE KICK ARTICLE 1. FREE KICK. A free kick is a kickoff or safety kick that puts the ball in play to start a free kick down. It must be made from any point on the kicking (offensive) team’s restraining line and between the inbounds lines. (a) A kickoff puts the ball in play at the start of each half, after a try, and after a successful field goal. A dropkick or placekick may be used for a kickoff. Note: During a placekick on a kickoff, the kicking team may use a manufactured tee that is one inch in height and approved by the League. Once the ball has been placed on the kicking tee, the kicking tee cannot be moved.
    [Show full text]
  • The Official Advanced Playing Rules of Electric Football
    THE OFFICIAL ADVANCED PLAYING RULES OF ELECTRIC FOOTBALL SPECIFICATIONS, PROCEDURES, REGULATIONS, AND GUIDELINES Originally Published 19 October, 2015 POSITIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES COMMISSIONER Provide supervision of all league activities. Provide an environment for committee activities. Provide final determination on league actions. COMMITTEE (Chairman) Answer questions relating to league activities. Pre-approve any substance in question. Grant waivers on a case-by-case basis for player deficiencies. Submit rules and guidelines for league play. Provide commissioner with feedback. Solicit tournament directors’ feedback. TOURNAMENT DIRECTOR Oversee all tournament functions. Provide any equipment specific to the event for all coaches to compete. Provide guidance to all members of any provisions not stated and/or exceptions to the rules. Supervise tournament officials. TOURNAMENT OFFICIAL Ensure all equipment and players are in compliance throughout the event. Perform pre-tournament inspections by various means of equipment and players. Provided determination of equipment and players fit for competition. Assign/supervise referees. REFEREE Conduct officiating of assigned game in accordance tournament rules. Approve/set the proper vibrating speed. Ensure etiquette, fair play and sportsmanship are enforced throughout game. Provide updated status on game. TIMEKEEPER/SCOREBOARD OPERATOR Operate the clock and/or scoreboard at the direction of the referee. Notify all of time status. MEMBER COACHES Ensure and provide for inspection all equipment and players for compliance throughout the event. Play the game in accordance with the rules. Establish the speed of the board. Declare the metal element to the inspector and its location on the figure prior to detection. Establish who will be responsible for moving both the yard markers and the 10-yard chain.
    [Show full text]
  • Football and the Infield Fly Rule
    Florida International University College of Law eCollections Faculty Publications Faculty Scholarship 2014 Football and the Infield Fly Rule Howard M. Wasserman FIU College of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ecollections.law.fiu.edu/faculty_publications Part of the Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons Recommended Citation Howard M. Wasserman, Football and the Infield Fly Rule , 61 UCLA L. Rev. Discourse 272 (2014). Available at: https://ecollections.law.fiu.edu/faculty_publications/51 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at eCollections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of eCollections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. E Football and the Infield Fly Rule s R Howard M. Wasserman SCOU AbstRAct In a previous article, I defended baseball’s infield fly rule, the special rule long beloved by legal scholars, in terms of equitable balance in distribution of costs and benefits between competing teams. This Essay applies those cost-benefit and equity insights to football. It explores several plays from recent Super Bowls, the cost-benefit balance on those plays, and the appropriate role in football for limiting rules similar to the infield fly rule. LA LAW REVIEW DI REVIEW LAW LA uc AuthoR Howard M. Wasserman is Professor of Law at FIU College of Law. Thanks to Alex Pearl and Spencer Webber Waller for comments on early drafts. 61 UCLA L. REV. DISC. 272 (2014) TabLE oF contEnts Introduction.............................................................................................................274 I. Limiting Rules .................................................................................................275 II. Football and Limiting Rules.
    [Show full text]
  • Football Officials Manual Crews of 4, 5 and 7
    Football Officials Manual Crews of 4, 5 and 7 MHSAA OFFICIALS PROGRAM MHSAA Press 2020 Copyright © 2020 by Michigan High School Athletic Association All rights reserved. This manual or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of the publisher except for the use of brief quotations in a book review, scholarly journal or training materials by Local Approved Associations of the Michigan High School Athletic Association. First Printing: 2020 www.mhsaa.com/officials Contents Acknowledgement ......................................................................... iv Introduction .................................................................................... 1 Section 1: General Football Officiating ........................................ 4 I) Officiating Philosophies and Axioms (Alphabetical by Topic).... 4 II) Helpful Hints for Officiating Football ....................................... 12 III) Officiating Character, Conduct and Ethics .............................. 12 IV) Personal Responsibilities ....................................................... 13 A) Physical Conditioning ....................................................... 13 B) Rules and Mechanics Knowledge..................................... 14 C) Play Coverage (Boxing in the Play) .................................. 14 D) Hustle ............................................................................... 15 E) Uniform ...........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2021 Playing Rule Proposal No. 3
    2021 PLAYING RULE PROPOSAL NO. 3 Amend Rule 3 (Definitions, Page 10) and Rule 12, Section 2, Article 4 (Blocking Below the Waist on Kicks and Change of Possession, Page 49) (new language underlined, deleted language struck through): SECTION 34 TACKLE BOX AND TIGHT END BOX ARTICLE 1. TACKLE BOX. The Tackle Box is an area between the outside edges of the normal tackle positions extending from three yards beyond the line of scrimmage to the offensive team’s end line. After the ball leaves the tackle box, this area no longer exists. ARTICLE 2. TIGHT END BOX. The Tight End Box is an area that is between two yards outside the normal tackle positions and extends five yards on either side of the line of scrimmage. ***** ARTICLE 4. BLOCKING BELOW THE WAIST ON KICKS AND CHANGES OF POSSESSION. Blocks below the waist are prohibited in the following situations: (a) By players of either team after a change of possession; or (b) By players of the kicking team after a Free Kick, Safety Kick, Fair-Catch Kick, Punt, Field- Goal Attempt, or Try Kick; or (c) By players of the receiving team during a down in which there is a Free Kick, Safety Kick, Fair-Catch Kick, Punt, Field- Goal Attempt, or Try Kick.; or (d) By players of either team during a scrimmage down prior to a change of possession unless the contact occurs in the Tight End Box. (Note: Players are prohibited from initiating contact below the waist of an opponent outside of the Tight End Box, except against a runner or a player who is attempting to catch a forward or backward pass.) Note: The following blocking restrictions may result in a foul even if they occur in the Tight End Box: (i) Illegal cut block.
    [Show full text]
  • Football Officiating Mechanics Manual
    SNOA Football Mechanics, Rev. 0 Football Officiating Mechanics Manual Southern Nevada Officials Association SNOA Football Mechanics, Rev. 0 DEDICATION This manual is dedicated to the men and women of the Southern Nevada Officials Association (SNOA) whose efforts contribute to the success of high school and youth football in southern Nevada. These men and women exemplify the high standards of the officiating profession, including: Professionalism, Integrity, and Ethical Conduct Commitment and Personal Accountability Continuous Improvement through Self-Study, Mentoring and sharing of Lessons Learned SNOA Football Mechanics, Rev. 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface........................................................................................................................................... iv Officiating Excellence ....................................................................................................................v 1 Appearance and Uniforms ..................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Appearance ............................................................................................................................ 1-1 1.1.1 Physical Condition.................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1.2 Personal Appearance............................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Dress Code............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]