Vol 5, Issue 4, December 2006

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Vol 5, Issue 4, December 2006 MAGAZINE OF THE GEOLOGISTS’ ASSOCIATION GAGA Volume 5 No. 4 December 2006 FESTIVALFESTIVAL OFOF GEOLOGYGEOLOGY GAGA MEETINGSMEETINGS -- JANUARYJANUARY -- FEBRUARYFEBRUARY GA FIELDGA FIELD TRIPSTRIPS TOTO THETHE WEALD,WEALD, ATLANTICATLANTIC CANADA,CANADA, COTSWOLDS,COTSWOLDS, FRANKFURT,FRANKFURT, MUSEUMMUSEUM OFOF MONGOLIAMONGOLIA VOLCANOESVOLCANOES OFOF HAUTEHAUTE LOIRELOIRE SPECIALSPECIAL GEOLOGICALGEOLOGICAL SOCIETYSOCIETY MEETINGSMEETINGS ININ 20072007 Magazine of the Geologists’ Association GAGA Volume 5 issue 4, 2006 CONTENTS 3. The Association is published by the Geologists’ Association. Four issues are 4. GA Meetings January / February produced in the year. ISSN 1476-7600 5. FESTIVAL OF GEOLOGY - report Production team: Paula Carey, John Cosgrove, John Crocker, Vanessa Harley, Bill French 6. Museum of Mongolia Printed by GRAYAM PRESS, Billericay. 8. Wealden Field Meeting The GEOLOGISTS’ ASSOCIATION does not 10. In the Proceedings accept any responsibility for views and opinions expressed by individual authors in this magazine. 11. Curry Fund Reports The Geologists’ Association 12. Rockwatch The Association, founded in 1858, exists to foster the progress and diffusion of the science of geology, and to encourage research and 14. Atlantic Canada the development of new methods. It holds meetings for the read- ing of papers and the delivery of lectures, organises museum demonstrations, publishes Proceedings and Guides, and conducts 15. Mole Valley Geological Society field meetings. Annual Subscriptions for 2007 are £40.00, Associates £30.00, 16. Le Puy-en-Velay volcanoes of Joint Members £58.00, Students £18.00. Haute-Loire For forms of Proposal for Membership and further information, apply to the Executive Secretary, The Geologists’ Association, 19. Cotswold Geodelights Burlington House, Piccadilly, London W1J 0DU. E-mail [email protected] 20. Notes on Meetings Telephone 020 7434 9298 Fax 020 7287 0280 Website: http://www.geologist.demon.co.uk 21. Triassic meteorite impact President: Mike Benton 23. Field trip to Frankfurt Executive Secretary: Sarah Stafford 24. Geol. Soc. Celebrating 200 years Cover picture: Chapelle St-Michel d’Aiguilhe viewed from Espaly- St-Marcel to the west Join the GA Council - see article on page 16 Nominations are required for the 2007 Council. Please details to the General © The Geologists’ Association. Secretary, All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in Dr John Crocker by January 31st. any form or any means, without the prior permission in writing of the author and the Geologists’ Association. ADVERTISEMENTS While precautions are taken to ensure the validity of advertise- LAST Copy dates for the Circular ments the Association is not responsible for the items offered, for March Issue January 14th June Issue April 22nd any loss arising or for their compliance with regulations. September Issue July 22nd December Issue October 21st Please note that the dates given are for the Circular. They also NOTICE CONCERNING FIELD MEETINGS: represent dates at which the magazine will go to press. However, The Association now has a mobile phone for because of the greater time required to set the magazine, items emergency communications concerning field should be submitted as soon as possible and not targeted on these dates. We welcome contributions from Members and others. We are meetings (UK only). If you have to cancel on the currently limited to 24 pages. Pictures for publication can be as slides, pho- day, or are lost or late for the start of a field meeting, tographs or high resolution digital images - preferably on CD. please call the GA mobile phone (07724133290). The mobile phone will only be switched on just Advertising Rates before and during field meetings. Full Page £360 Half Page £190 Quarter Page £100 Other sizes by arrangement. (For routine enquires, please call the Field Meetings Secretary on the usual number.) 2 GA Magazine of the Geologists’ Association Vol. 5, No. 4, 2006 THE ASSOCIATION FROM THE PRESIDENT 4. Do you like the concept of themat- sponsorship for an initiative to pre- The Council of the GA has been ic issues or not? pare a website and teaching materials discussing all aspects of our activities 5. Are the articles pitched at the right for schools but more would be wel- recently, and one topic has been the level or not? come. Proceedings. This journal was one of 6. Would you like to receive a larger An initiative is underway to the founding elements of the GA, and journal or not (assuming the sub- make the GA website more up-to- it has had a long and distinguished scription price remained the same)? date and friendly. Initially it will be a history since the establishment of the 7. Do you use the online version at new design with the present content, Association in 1858. all? after which it could be realistically What we want to know is what Michael Benton evaluated. The next step would be to you think of it. Does it offer a range President expand the style consistently into the of articles that you find interesting? rest of the GA publication and com- The Proceedings has carved out a munication material. niche and it attracts articles in a num- REPORT FROM COUNCIL This report covers the October John Crocker ber of specific fields. But Council is General Secretary keen to make sure it improves and Council meeting serves the members, and the wider There was an extended discus- international geological community, sion at this Council meeting on vari- CURRY FUND REPORT as well as it can. ous aspects of the future of the GA - The Committee received five It's important to remember that how to maintain and increase the applications at its September meet- the PGA is important to GA members, membership, how the publications ing, of which two were funded, one but that it has a wider life. Now, aca- could be developed, how to attract refused, one deferred and one partial- demics and students around the younger members, etc. One of the ly funded. world can readily search recent issues reasons for this discussion was the £500 was granted for a geologi- and download articles over the inter- new requirement of the Charity cal town trail leaflet for Warwick. Of net - and they don't have to be mem- Commission for the GA to produce a the series of geological leaflets pro- bers to do this. Equally, Council feels more detailed and forward-looking posed for a range of sites in North that this wider exposure is a good analysis in our Annual Report. A Way Wales, the first, "Pebbles on the thing - the articles can be read by Forward document had been pro- Beach", was awarded a grant of £525. many more people, and the GA bene- duced a few years ago and actions Others in the series will be presented fits financially from the arrangement. since then were discussed. Further for the Committee to consider in due We are keen that the PGA discussion on this topic is planned for course. A request from Friends of the retains its current position, but also the December Council. Sedgwick for support for enclosures that it looks ahead to the future. Members of Council were for two recently acquired specimens What might geologists in ten years be reminded that nominations are was deferred pending further infor- looking for? How do we compare required for next years awards for the mation. Funding for support for a field with other mainline geological jour- Fullerton and Halstead Medal. investigation of the basalt on Staffa, nals in Britain and overseas? How do Council appointed a representa- requested by the Earth Sciences we maintain our unique appeal to tive for The Festival of Department at Cambridge was professionals and enthusiasts alike? Geology/Reunion for 2007 which will refused. Gloucestershire Geology How do we balance the subscription be in Liverpool. Trust was awarded £200 towards the cost, the size of the journal, and Susan Brown announced that a cost of site clearance. future plans? Once we have looked at good programme for the Festival of responses of members, we would like Geology/GA Reunion 2006 was in Susan Brown, to explore the financial aspects to see place, with Displays, four Lectures, Curry Fund Secretary if there are new ways to make the and in a lighter vein Trilobite Racing. journal even bigger and better, but On the Sunday, there will be a.m. and LIBRARY NOTES without hurting the pockets of mem- p.m. field trips in London, and an all- Here are two guides for the trav- bers. Perhaps this is impossible! day trip in Surrey. She said that eller - one on and one off the popular We would like to know your feel- Natural England had provided wel- beaten track. ings about the following questions. If come sponsorship, and she requested Sloan, Doris. 2006. Geology of you have the time, please e-mail that we should also minute our sin- the San Francisco Bay region. comments to geol.assoc@btinter- cere appreciation to the Staff at UCL California Natural History Guide net.com, or send them to Sarah for their considerable assistance in Series no 79. Berkeley: University of Stafford at our office address. All organising this event. California Press 337pp. 19x13x3 cm. comments will be considered by The Association celebrates its ISBN 13, 978-0-520-24126-8 Council as we plan the future, and we 150th Anniversary in 2008, and the (pbk). Available in UK from CPCCP tel hope to publish some of the GS reaches its Bicentenary in 2007, 01243 842155 £11.95. best/most unusual in a future issue of and it has been agreed to share an Published in July, too late for my the GA Magazine. extended celebration: "Local Heroes" own visit to San Francisco, this is the - celebrating significant regional geo- sort of guide for which I was scouring 1.
Recommended publications
  • A New Brontothere from the Eocene of South China
    A new brontothere from the Eocene of South China ALEXANDER AVERIANOV, IGOR DANILOV, WEN CHEN, and JIANHUA JIN Averianov, A., Danilov, I., Chen, W., and Jin, J. 2018. A new brontothere from the Eocene of South China. Acta Palae- ontologica Polonica 63 (X): xxx–xxx. The upper Eocene Youganwo Formation in Maoming Province, Guangdong Province, China, produced abundant re- mains of turtles and crocodiles, but mammalian remains are rare. The previously found mammals from Youganwo Formation include a nimravid carnivore and an amynodontid perissodactyl. Here we report on a new brontotheriid perissodactyl from the Youganwo Formation. Maobrontops paganus gen. et sp. nov. is described based on a maxillary fragment with P4 and M1–2 (SYSU-M-4). Maobrontops paganus gen. et sp. nov. is characterized by the combination of a simple P4 without a hypocone with derived molars having large molar fossae and large anterolingual cingular cusp. A parsimony implied weighting character analysis places Maobrontops gen. nov. in the clade Embolotheriita as a sister taxon to the terminal subclade containing Nasamplus, Protembolotherium, and Embolotherium. Maobrontops paganus gen. et sp. nov. is one of the largest Asian brontotheres. The brontotheriid fauna of South China is endemic and includes at least three valid taxa: Dianotitan from Brontotheriita and Pygmaetitan and Maobrontops gen. nov. from Embolotheriita. Key words: Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Brontotheriidae, Eocene, China. Alexander Averianov [[email protected]], State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya Nab. 1, St Petersburg 199034, Russia; and Institute of Geology and Petroleum Technology, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str.
    [Show full text]
  • The World at the Time of Messel: Conference Volume
    T. Lehmann & S.F.K. Schaal (eds) The World at the Time of Messel - Conference Volume Time at the The World The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference 2011 Frankfurt am Main, 15th - 19th November 2011 ISBN 978-3-929907-86-5 Conference Volume SENCKENBERG Gesellschaft für Naturforschung THOMAS LEHMANN & STEPHAN F.K. SCHAAL (eds) The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference Frankfurt am Main, 15th – 19th November 2011 Conference Volume Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung IMPRINT The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference 15th – 19th November 2011, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Conference Volume Publisher PROF. DR. DR. H.C. VOLKER MOSBRUGGER Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany Editors DR. THOMAS LEHMANN & DR. STEPHAN F.K. SCHAAL Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany [email protected]; [email protected] Language editors JOSEPH E.B. HOGAN & DR. KRISTER T. SMITH Layout JULIANE EBERHARDT & ANIKA VOGEL Cover Illustration EVELINE JUNQUEIRA Print Rhein-Main-Geschäftsdrucke, Hofheim-Wallau, Germany Citation LEHMANN, T. & SCHAAL, S.F.K. (eds) (2011). The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates. 22nd International Senckenberg Conference. 15th – 19th November 2011, Frankfurt am Main. Conference Volume. Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt am Main. pp. 203.
    [Show full text]
  • SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Tables, Figures and References
    Samuels et al. Evolution of the patellar sesamoid bone in mammals SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Tables, Figures and References Supplementary Table S1: Mammals$ Higher taxa Genus sp. Estimated. age of Patellar Comments# (partial) specimen, location state 0/1/2 (absent/ ‘patelloid’/ present) Sinoconodonta Sinoconodon Jurassic 0 Patellar groove absent, suggests no rigneyi (Kielan- patella Jaworowska, Cifelli & Luo, Sinoconodon is included on our 2004) phylogeny within tritylodontids. Morganucodonta Megazostrodon Late Triassic, southern 0 rudnerae (Jenkins Africa & Parrington, 1976) Morganucodonta Eozostrodon sp. Late Triassic, Wales 0 Asymmetric patellar groove, (Jenkins et al., specimens disarticulated so it is hard 1976) to assess the patella but appears absent Docodonta Castorocauda 164 Mya, mid-Jurassic, 0 Semi-aquatic adaptations lutrasimilis (Ji, China Luo, Yuan et al., 2006) Docodonta Agilodocodon 164 Mya, mid-Jurassic, 0 scansorius China (Meng, Ji, Zhang et al., 2015) Docodonta Docofossor 160 Mya 0 brachydactylus (Luo, Meng, Ji et al., 2015) Docodonta Haldanodon 150-155 Mya, Late 0 Shallow patellar groove exspectatus Jurassic, Portugal (Martin, 2005b) Australosphenida Asfaltomylos Mid-Jurassic, South ? Postcranial material absent patagonicus America (Martin, 2005a) Australosphenida Ornithorhynchus Extant 2 Platypus, genome sequenced Monotremata anatinus (Warren, Hillier, Marshall Graves et (Herzmark, 1938; al., 2008) Rowe, 1988) Samuels et al. Australosphenida Tachyglossus + Extant 2 Echidnas Monotremata Zaglossus spp. (Herzmark, 1938; Rowe, 1988) Mammaliaformes Fruitafossor 150 Mya, Late Jurassic, 0 Phylogenetic status uncertain indet. windscheffeli (Luo Colorado & Wible, 2005) Mammaliaformes Volaticotherium Late Jurassic/Early ? Hindlimb material incomplete indet. antiquus (Meng, Cretaceous Hu, Wang et al., 2006) Eutriconodonta Jeholodens 120-125 Mya, Early 0 Poorly developed patellar groove jenkinsi (Ji, Luo Cretaceous, China & Ji, 1999) Eutriconodonta Gobiconodon spp.
    [Show full text]
  • Advanced Online Publication
    ChinaXiv合作期刊 古 脊 椎 动 物 学 报 VERTEBRATA PALASIATICA A new species of Brontotheriidae from the Middle Eocene of Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China Li Shuo1,2 (1 Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 [email protected]) (2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049) Abstract A new species of large Irdinmanhan brontothere, Epimanteoceras mae sp. nov., is described based on an incomplete skull which was collected from the Üqbulak Formation of Sangequan site, Junggar Basin of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The new specimen can Advancedbe assigned to the genus Epimanteocerasonline by the large superorbital publication processes, the broad frontal bone, the shallow central fossae on the molars, and the absence of the anterolingual cingular cusp on molars and the hypocone on M3. E. mae is characterized by the slightly laterally bowed zygomatic arches, the medially arched parasagittal ridges, the posteromedially angled external auditory pseudomeatus, and the prominent occipital pillar processes. E. mae and E. formosus are closely related. It is uncertain whether E. mae or E. formosus forms the sister group to Brontotheriina, but both of them are the basal group of the latter in the phylogenetic analysis. They are both closed to the Irdinmanhan brontothere Protitan grangeri from Nei Mongol but much primitive than Aktautitan hippopotamopus from Kazakhstan. The discovery of E. mae in Sangequan indicates that the age of Üqbulak Formation is Middle Eocene, and earlier than that of Kyzylbulak Formation bearing A. hippopotamopus in Kazakhstan. Moreover, the discovery of E.
    [Show full text]
  • New Specimens of the Multituberculate Mammal Sphenopsalis from China: Implications for Phylogeny and Biology of Taeniolabidoids
    New specimens of the multituberculate mammal Sphenopsalis from China: Implications for phylogeny and biology of taeniolabidoids FANG-YUAN MAO, YUAN-QING WANG, and JIN MENG Mao, F.-Y., Wang, Y.-Q., and Meng, J. 2016. New specimens of the multituberculate mammal Sphenopsalis from China: Implications for phylogeny and biology of taeniolabidoids. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 61 (2): 429–454. Multituberculates are the most diverse and best known group of Mesozoic mammals; they also persisted into the Paleogene and became extinct in the Eocene, possibly outcompeted by rodents that have similar morphological and pre- sumably ecological adaptations. Among the Paleogene multituberculates, those that have the largest body sizes belong to taeniolabidoids, which contain several derived species from North America and Asia and some species with uncertain taxonomic positions. Of the known taeniolabidoids, the poorest known taxon is Sphenopsalis nobilis from Mongolia and Inner Mongolia, China, represented previously by a few isolated teeth. Its relationship with other multituberculates thus has remained unclear. Here we report new specimens of Sphenopsalis nobilis collected from the upper Paleocene of the Erlian Basin, Inner Mongolia, China, during a multi-year field effort beginning in 2000. These new specimens document substantial parts of the dental, partial cranial and postcranial morphologies of Sphenopsalis, including the upper and lower incisors, partial premolars, complete upper and lower molars, a partial rostrum, fragments of the skull roof, middle ear cavity, a partial scapula, and partial limb bones. With the new specimens we are able to present a detailed description of Sphenopsalis, comparisons among relevant taeniolabidoids, and brief phylogenetic analyses based on a dataset consisting of 43 taxa and 102 characters.
    [Show full text]
  • Problems of Relative Growth
    ^^—^^—^^^—^m^^—ii in lining—M^^^^M^^M^—^I^M JfniiHHIlillllllllilllilllliilliiiiillililiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniikiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiifiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiininiiiiiHHiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiHiiiiiii! PROBLEMS OF RELATIVE GROWTH HETEROCIfELY AND REGENERATION IN THE COMMON LOBSTER i. Marine Lobster, Homarus (Gammarus) vulgaris, Normal Left-handed Specimen. 2. The Same Regenerating the Left 'Crusher' Claw after Autotomy. 3. Shed Skin of the Same at the Next Moult. 4. The Same after this Moult, showing Direct Regeneration of Left Crusher. Note the slenderer propus and absolutely longer dactylus in the smaller (' nipper ') claw. PROBLEMS OF RELATIVE GROWTH BY JULIAN S. HUXLEY, M.A. Honorary Lecturer in Experimental Zoology, King's College, London WITH IO5 ILLUSTRATIONS LINCOLN MAC VEAGH THE DIAL PRESS NEW YORK • MCMXXXII PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN TO D'ARCY WENTWORTH THOMPSON — ' The morphologist, when comparing one organism with another, describes the differences between them point by point, and " character " by " character." If he is from time to time constrained to admit the existence of " correlation " between characters (as a hundred years ago Cuvier first showed the way), yet all the while he recognizes this fact of correlation somewhat vaguely, as a phenomenon due to causes which, except in rare instances, he cannot hope to trace ; and he falls readily into the habit of thinking and talking of evolution as though it had proceeded on the lines of his own descriptions, point by point, and character by character. But if, on the other hand, diverse and dissimilar fishes can be referred as a whole to identical functions of very different co-ordinate systems, this fact will of itself constitute a proof that a com- prehensive " law of growth " has pervaded the whole structure in its integrity, and that some more or less simple and recog- nizable system of forces has been at work.' D'Arcy Thompson (Growth and Form, p.
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of Cenozoic Mammal Baramins
    The Proceedings of the International Conference on Creationism Volume 8 Print Reference: Pages 217-221 Article 43 2018 A Survey of Cenozoic Mammal Baramins C Thompson Core Academy of Science Todd Charles Wood Core Academy of Science Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/icc_proceedings DigitalCommons@Cedarville provides a publication platform for fully open access journals, which means that all articles are available on the Internet to all users immediately upon publication. However, the opinions and sentiments expressed by the authors of articles published in our journals do not necessarily indicate the endorsement or reflect the views of DigitalCommons@Cedarville, the Centennial Library, or Cedarville University and its employees. The authors are solely responsible for the content of their work. Please address questions to [email protected]. Browse the contents of this volume of The Proceedings of the International Conference on Creationism. Recommended Citation Thompson, C., and T.C. Wood. 2018. A survey of Cenozic mammal baramins. In Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Creationism, ed. J.H. Whitmore, pp. 217–221. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Creation Science Fellowship. Thompson, C., and T.C. Wood. 2018. A survey of Cenozoic mammal baramins. In Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Creationism, ed. J.H. Whitmore, pp. 217–221, A1-A83 (appendix). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Creation Science Fellowship. A SURVEY OF CENOZOIC MAMMAL BARAMINS C. Thompson, Core Academy of Science, P.O. Box 1076, Dayton, TN 37321, [email protected] Todd Charles Wood, Core Academy of Science, P.O. Box 1076, Dayton, TN 37321, [email protected] ABSTRACT To expand the sample of statistical baraminology studies, we identified 80 datasets sampled from 29 mammalian orders, from which we performed 82 separate analyses.
    [Show full text]
  • Furry Folk: Synapsids and Mammals
    FURRY FOLK: SYNAPSIDS AND MAMMALS Of all the great transitions between major structural grades within vertebrates, the transition from basal amniotes to basal mammals is represented by the most complete and continuous fossil record, extending from the Middle Pennsylvanian to the Late Triassic and spanning some 75 to 100 million years. —James Hopson, “Synapsid evolution and the radiation of non-eutherian mammals,” 1994 At the very beginning of their history, amniotes split into two lineages, the synapsids and the reptiles. Traditionally, the earliest synapsids have been called the “mammal-like reptiles,” but this is a misnomer. The earliest synapsids had nothing to do with reptiles as the term is normally used (referring to the living reptiles and their extinct relatives). Early synapsids are “reptilian” only in the sense that they initially retained a lot of primitive amniote characters. Part of the reason for the persistence of this archaic usage is the precladistic view that the synapsids are descended from “anapsid” reptiles, so they are also reptiles. In fact, a lot of the “anapsids” of the Carboniferous, such as Hylonomus, which once had been postulated as ancestral to synapsids, are actually derived members of the diapsids (Gauthier, 1994). Furthermore, the earliest reptiles (Westlothiana from the Early Carboniferous) and the earliest synapsids (Protoclepsydrops from the Early Carboniferous and Archaeothyris from the Middle Carboniferous) are equally ancient, showing that their lineages diverged at the beginning of the Carboniferous, rather than synapsids evolving from the “anapsids.” For all these reasons, it is no longer appropriate to use the term “mammal-like reptiles.” If one must use a nontaxonomic term, “protomammals” is a alternative with no misleading phylogenetic implications.
    [Show full text]
  • By We Mu S T Ever D R a W a Ve R Y S H a R P D I S T I N C T I O N B E T We
    E ig h t e e n P r in c ip l e s o f A d a p t a t io n in A lloiometrons a n d A r is t o g e n e s .1) By H enry Fairfield O sborn t Honorary Curator in Chief of Vertebrate Palaeontology, The American Museum of Natural History (New York). With 12 figures. (Eingelangt am 8. April 1935.) We must ever draw a very sharp distinction between the CAUSES of the origins and adap­ tations of biocharacters which may remain partly or wholly mysterious, and the MODES of adaptation which the various branches of zoo­ logy and palaeontology are now revealing with surprising fullness. It is a great pleasure to contribute to the Festschrift of a palae­ ontologist who, through his scientific and popular writings during the past two decades has surpassed all others in setting forth in twelve popular volumes of synthetic description the remarkable discoveries in vertebrate palaeontology of the last half century. In Othenio Abel’s voluminous and graphic style the life of all periods of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic is philosophically described. In sym­ pathy with the new subdivision of the biological sciences which he terms Palaeobiologie, may I, in the present contribution, supplement his effort to conjoin the spirit of the science of the past (Palae­ ontology) and the spirit of the science of the present (Zoology) A) This ist the fourteenth contribution by the author on the “Origin of Species“ and the principles of biomechanical evolution as demonstrated in palaeontology, the series beginning in the year 1925.
    [Show full text]
  • From the Paleogene of Mongolia
    HYRACODONTIDS AND RHINOCEROTIDS (MAMMALIA, PERISSODACTYLA, RHINOCEROTOIDEA) FROM THE PALEOGENE OF MONGOLIA by Demberelyin DASHZEVEG· CONTENTS Page Abstract, Resulue ............. , .......... ,................................................ 2 Introduction ......................... , ................................. "., ............. 3 The key localities of the Paleogene of Mongolia and adjacent territories of Northern China with fossil hyracodontids and rhinocerotids .......................... , . 5 Mongolia ........................................................................... 5 Eastern Gobi Desert ........................................ ,...................... 5 The Valley of Lakes ............................................................... 9 Northern China: Inner Mongolia .............. , ........................ , .... , ......... '. 11 The Basin of Irell Dabasu .......... , .......... , .................................. " 11 Tbe Valley of tbe Shara MUfun River ................................................. 13 The EoceneJOligocene Boundary in Mongolia and Northern China ................................. 14 Mongolia: Eastern Gobi Desert . .. .. .. .. .. 16 Northern China: Inner Mongolia ......................................................... 17 Eocene and Oligocene correlation in the Eastern Gobi Desert (Mongolia) and North China .............. 18 Systenlatics .......................... , ........ , ...................................... " 22 Family Hyracodolltidae ............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Status of Metarhinus Pater (Brontotheriidae: Perissodactyla) from Southern California and Species Variation in Meta
    Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology ISSN: 0272-4634 (Print) 1937-2809 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ujvp20 Phylogenetic status of Metarhinus pater (Brontotheriidae: Perissodactyla) from Southern California and species variation in Metarhinus from the middle Eocene of North America Matthew C. Mihlbachler & Thomas A. Deméré To cite this article: Matthew C. Mihlbachler & Thomas A. Deméré (2010) Phylogenetic status of Metarhinus pater (Brontotheriidae: Perissodactyla) from Southern California and species variation in Metarhinus from the middle Eocene of North America, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 30:4, 1229-1244, DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2010.483568 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2010.483568 View supplementary material Published online: 13 Jul 2010. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 61 View related articles Citing articles: 2 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=ujvp20 Download by: [SDSU San Diego State University] Date: 20 April 2017, At: 13:09 Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(4):1229–1244, July 2010 © 2010 by the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology ARTICLE PHYLOGENETIC STATUS OF METARHINUS PATER (BRONTOTHERIIDAE: PERISSODACTYLA) FROM SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AND SPECIES VARIATION IN METARHINUS FROM THE MIDDLE EOCENE OF NORTH AMERICA MATTHEW C. MIHLBACHLER*,1,2 and THOMAS A. DEMER´ E´ 3 1Department of Anatomy, New York College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York 11568, U.S.A., [email protected]; 2Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 11024, U.S.A.; 3Department of Paleontology, San Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego, California 92112, U.S.A.; [email protected] ABSTRACT—In addition to its abundance in the middle Eocene of the Western Interior of North America, fossils of the brontothere Metarhinus are known from similar aged deposits in Southern California.
    [Show full text]
  • App.00431.2017 190 ACTA PALAEONTOLOGICA POLONICA 63 (1), 2018
    A new brontothere from the Eocene of South China ALEXANDER AVERIANOV, IGOR DANILOV, WEN CHEN, and JIANHUA JIN Averianov, A., Danilov, I., Chen, W., and Jin, J. 2018. A new brontothere from the Eocene of South China. Acta Palae- ontologica Polonica 63 (1): 189–196. The upper Eocene Youganwo Formation in Maoming Province, Guangdong Province, China, produced abundant re- mains of turtles and crocodiles, but mammalian remains are rare. The previously found mammals from Youganwo Formation include a nimravid carnivore and an amynodontid perissodactyl. Here we report on a new brontotheriid perissodactyl from the Youganwo Formation. Maobrontops paganus gen. et sp. nov. is described based on a maxillary fragment with P4 and M1–2 (SYSU-M-4). Maobrontops paganus gen. et sp. nov. is characterized by the combination of a simple P4 without a hypocone with derived molars having large molar fossae and large anterolingual cingular cusp. A parsimony implied weighting character analysis places Maobrontops gen. nov. in the clade Embolotheriita as a sister taxon to the terminal subclade containing Nasamplus, Protembolotherium, and Embolotherium. Maobrontops paganus gen. et sp. nov. is one of the largest Asian brontotheres. The brontotheriid fauna of South China is endemic and includes at least three valid taxa: Dianotitan from Brontotheriita and Pygmaetitan and Maobrontops gen. nov. from Embolotheriita. Key words: Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Brontotheriidae, Eocene, China. Alexander Averianov [[email protected]], State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya Nab. 1, St Petersburg 199034, Russia; and Institute of Geology and Petroleum Technology, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str.
    [Show full text]