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Jewish Subcultures Online: Outreach, Dating, and Marginalized Communities ______
JEWISH SUBCULTURES ONLINE: OUTREACH, DATING, AND MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES ____________________________________ A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California State University, Fullerton ____________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in American Studies ____________________________________ By Rachel Sara Schiff Thesis Committee Approval: Professor Leila Zenderland, Chair Professor Terri Snyder, Department of American Studies Professor Carrie Lane, Department of American Studies Spring, 2016 ABSTRACT This thesis explores how Jewish individuals use and create communities online to enrich their Jewish identity. The Internet provides Jews who do not fit within their brick and mortar communities an outlet that gives them voice, power, and sometimes anonymity. They use these websites to balance their Jewish identities and other personal identities that may or may not fit within their local Jewish community. This research was conducted through analyzing a broad range of websites. The first chapter, the introduction, describes the Jewish American population as a whole as well as the history of the Internet. The second chapter, entitled “The Black Hats of the Internet,” discusses how the Orthodox community has used the Internet to create a modern approach to outreach. It focuses in particular on the extensive web materials created by Chabad and Aish Hatorah, which offer surprisingly modern twists on traditional texts. The third chapter is about Jewish online dating. It uses JDate and other secular websites to analyze how Jewish singles are using the Internet. This chapter also suggests that the use of the Internet may have an impact on reducing interfaith marriage. The fourth chapter examines marginalized communities, focusing on the following: Jewrotica; the Jewish LGBT community including those who are “OLGBT” (Orthodox LGBT); Punk Jews; and feminist Jews. -
Doctoral Proposal
Conflict and Creativity in Jewish Modern Orthodox Girls’ Education: Navigating Tradition and Modernity by Rafael Mark Cashman A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department Curriculum, Teaching and Learning Ontario Institute for Studies in Education University of Toronto © Copyright by Rafael Mark Cashman (2015) Conflict and Creativity in Jewish Modern Orthodox Girls’ Education: Navigating Tradition and Modernity Rafael Mark Cashman Doctor of Philosophy Department of Curriculum, Teaching and Learning University of Toronto 2015 Abstract This study investigates Jewish Modern Orthodox girls’ dissonant, creative and adaptive responses to their religious and gender identities as they negotiate the tensions between authority and autonomy in an all-girls’ high school. It considers how the school, as a socializing agent, plays a role in this development. This study is framed by a post-structural research agenda that explores the complexity of religious practices in modernity, and a feminist post- structural body of research around alternative girlhoods in modernity. This ethnographic study contends with the notion that the presence of autonomy and other modern values such as egalitarianism, are a necessary challenge to the girls’ capacity to accept religious and patriarchal authority in a self-affirming way. Instead, it found that girls accept or creatively adapt to, and rarely dissent from, aspects of religion’s authority, while still maintaining their expectation of autonomy and egalitarianism. They achieved this state through a complex and creative re-structuring of normative religious categories in their religious lives, rather than through a bifurcation of the competing discourses, as had been posited in previous research. -
Knessia Gedolah Diary
THE JEWISH OBSERVER (ISSN 0021-6615) is published monthly, in this issue ... except July and August, by the Agudath lsrael of Ameri.ca, 5 Beekman Street, New York, N.Y. The Sixth Knessia Gedolah of Agudath Israel . 3 10038. Second class postage paid at New York, N.Y. Subscription Knessia Gedolah Diary . 5 $9.00 per year; two years, $17.50, Rabbi Elazar Shach K"ti•?111: The Essence of Kial Yisroel 13 three years, $25.00; outside of the United States, $10.00 per year Rabbi Yaakov Kamenetzky K"ti•?111: Blessings of "Shalom" 16 Single copy, $1.25 Printed in the U.S.A. What is an Agudist . 17 Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchok Ruderman K"ti•?111: RABBI NISSON WotP!N Editor An Agenda of Restraint and Vigilance . 18 The Vizhnitzer Rebbe K"ti•'i111: Saving Our Children .19 Editorial Board Rabbi Shneur Kotler K"ti•'i111: DR. ERNST BODENHEIMER Chairman The Ability and the Imperative . 21 RABBI NATHAN BULMAN RABBI JOSEPH ELIAS Helping Others Make it, Mordechai Arnon . 27 JOSEPH FRJEDENSON "Hereby Resolved .. Report and Evaluation . 31 RABBI MOSHE SHERER :'-a The Crooked Mirror, Menachem Lubinsky .39 THE JEWISH OBSERVER does not Discovering Eretz Yisroel, Nissan Wolpin .46 assume responsibility for the Kae;hrus of any product or ser Second Looks at the Jewish Scene vice advertised in its pages. Murder in Hebron, Violation in Jerusalem ..... 57 On Singing a Different Tune, Bernard Fryshman .ss FEB., 1980 VOL. XIV, NOS. 6-7 Letters to the Editor . • . 6 7 ___.., _____ -- -· - - The Jewish Observer I February, 1980 3 Expectations ran high, and rightfully so. -
Modern Orthodoxy and the Road Not Taken: a Retrospective View
Copyrighted material. Do not duplicate. Modern Orthodoxy and the Road Not Taken: A Retrospective View IRVING (YITZ) GREENBERG he Oxford conference of 2014 set off a wave of self-reflection, with particu- Tlar reference to my relationship to and role in Modern Orthodoxy. While the text below includes much of my presentation then, it covers a broader set of issues and offers my analyses of the different roads that the leadership of the community and I took—and why.1 The essential insight of the conference was that since the 1960s, Modern Orthodoxy has not taken the road that I advocated. However, neither did it con- tinue on the road it was on. I was the product of an earlier iteration of Modern Orthodoxy, and the policies I advocated in the 1960s could have been projected as the next natural steps for the movement. In the course of taking a different 1 In 2014, I expressed appreciation for the conference’s engagement with my think- ing, noting that there had been little thoughtful critique of my work over the previous four decades. This was to my detriment, because all thinkers need intelligent criticism to correct errors or check excesses. In the absence of such criticism, one does not learn an essential element of all good thinking (i.e., knowledge of the limits of these views). A notable example of a rare but very helpful critique was Steven Katz’s essay “Vol- untary Covenant: Irving Greenberg on Faith after the Holocaust,” inHistoricism, the Holocaust, and Zionism: Critical Studies in Modern Jewish Thought and History, ed. -
OF AISH HA TORAH: BA 'ALE! TESHUVA R and the NEW RELIGIOUS MOVEMENT PHENOMENON Aaron Joshua Tapper
jJJEWIT§IHI jJ(Q)U~NAIL (Q)JF 1 0 ~ " ' Q" ,,J ' : 0 i ''' VOLUME XLIV NUi'dBERS 1 and 2 2002 ' ,j'' 0 ~ CONTENTS ';" ,p' The 'Cult' of Aish Hatorah: Ba'alei Tes!tuva and the New Religious lVIovement Phenomenon AARON JOSHUA TAPPER Fieldwork Among the 'Ultra-Orthodox': The Insider Outsider Paradigm Revisited LISA R. KAUL-SEIDMAN Outremont's Hassidim and Their Neighbours: An Eruv and its Repercussions WILLIAM SHAFFIR .Jewish Rdi.1gees in Britain and in New York HILARY L. RUBINSTEIN The.Jewish Economic Man HAROLD POLLINS :;. The .Jews of Britain, 16.)6-2ooo i ,D \VlLLIAl\1 D. RUBINSTEIN ~ ~ ' • .,., Book Reviews Chronicle i <I' J1 ...J' Editor: .Judith Freedman Jli I \ I OBJECTS AND SPONSORSHIP OF i THE JEWISH JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY I 7he Jewish Journal'!! Sociology was sponsored by the Cultural Department of the 1 World Jewish Congress from its inception in 1959 until the end of 1980. Thereafter, from the first issue of 1981 (volume 23, no. r), the Journal has been sponsored by Maurice Freedman Research Trust Limited, which is rcgisten:U as an educational charity by the Charity Commission of England and Wales (no. 326077). It has as its main purpose the encouragement of research in the sociology of the Jews and the publication of The Jewish Journal or Sociology. The objects of the Journal remain as stated in the Editorial of the first issue in '959: 'This journal has been brought into being in order to provide an international vehicle for serious writing on Jewish social affairs . .. Academically we address ourselves not only to sociologists, but to social scientists in general, to historians, to philosophers, and to students of comparative religion . -
Shavuot 5771 by Blu Greenberg
Shavuot 5771 By Blu Greenberg At one level, the three Jewish pilgrimage festivals—Pesach, Sukkot and Shavuot—celebrate our most intimate communal moments. Beginning with their agricultural origins, the festivals summon up images of tribal relatives working the land together and Israelites traveling to the Jerusalem Temple in family units, arriving en masse at appointed times so as to connect to one another as members of the same covenantal community. On the festivals, echoes of one people sharing a common experience of planting, harvesting and giving thanks to God reverberate in our memories. The second set of ties that bind us together are the historical narratives of the festivals. Each has its own strong story. Pesach recounts the miracle of liberation of our slave ancestors, a story we not only tell at the seder , but also carry with us every day in our prayers and every week in our Shabbat rituals. Sukkot represents our people’s journey towards freedom in the Promised Land—a vulnerable minority huddling together in booths and placing our faith in God. Shavuot, too, is understood by the Rabbis of the Talmud to commemorate Revelation at Sinai, that singular event that shaped the lives of our people forever. All of these themes represent Jewish particularity through its peak experiences. Yet, at another level, the holidays also represent the ways in which Judaism looks outward to the rest of the world. The Talmud records the opinion of Rabbi Eliezer that the 70 sacrifices brought on Sukkot were brought on behalf of the 70 nations of the world (Babylonian Talmud, Sukkah 55b). -
Judaism Paper
Matsuura !1 Reina Matsuura Professor Reisenberger REL2047F: Religion Sexuality & Gender 19 March 2018 Visibility of Women in Jewish Traditions When our identities are rooted in ourselves as historical beings, that is, contextualized by time and space, it is no wonder women find themselves conflicted at one point or another, when the myriad of our existence and individualities have been limited in representations throughout history. While this holds true for many traditions and current realities around the world, this paper will focus on both progressive and Orthodox Judaism, and the ways in which Jewish women have been successful in finding spaces for themselves while contesting others, calling for a revision in Hallachic traditions. Given the “problem of difference” in feminist discourse, where women (particularly women of color and of non-normative sexualities and abilities) have been marginalized in their own movement because of the emphasis that has been put solely on what unites them (i.e. oppression) (Spelman 4), we must also take into account differences among women in the Jewish community. This paper is committed to delineating some of the recently contested aspects of Judaism with regard to women’s self-worth and religious pride, ultimately in an effort to explore the choices Jewish women have in gaining oppressive knowledge. In this sense, it reflects stand-point theory’s belief that our positions as women (with intersectional identities) enables a unique perspective that is inherently out-of-reach to men who benefit fully from current Jewish structures. Jewish knowledge is linear, and it is a citational history. The problem many (but not all) women face in this citational history is two-fold: what has been cited regarding her responsibilities and devotion take up perhaps a quarter of documented Jewish history, if that. -
The Haredim As a Challenge for the Jewish State. the Culture War Over Israel's Identity
SWP Research Paper Peter Lintl The Haredim as a Challenge for the Jewish State The Culture War over Israel’s Identity Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik German Institute for International and Security Affairs SWP Research Paper 14 December 2020, Berlin Abstract ∎ A culture war is being waged in Israel: over the identity of the state, its guiding principles, the relationship between religion and the state, and generally over the question of what it means to be Jewish in the “Jewish State”. ∎ The Ultra-Orthodox community or Haredim are pitted against the rest of the Israeli population. The former has tripled in size from four to 12 per- cent of the total since 1980, and is projected to grow to over 20 percent by 2040. That projection has considerable consequences for the debate. ∎ The worldview of the Haredim is often diametrically opposed to that of the majority of the population. They accept only the Torah and religious laws (halakha) as the basis of Jewish life and Jewish identity, are critical of democratic principles, rely on hierarchical social structures with rabbis at the apex, and are largely a-Zionist. ∎ The Haredim nevertheless depend on the state and its institutions for safeguarding their lifeworld. Their (growing) “community of learners” of Torah students, who are exempt from military service and refrain from paid work, has to be funded; and their education system (a central pillar of ultra-Orthodoxy) has to be protected from external interventions. These can only be achieved by participation in the democratic process. ∎ Haredi parties are therefore caught between withdrawal and influence. -
Religion Program 3840: Judaism and the Body
CARLETON UNIVERSITY College of the Humanities: Religion Program 3840: Judaism and the Body: Food, Sex and Death Course Delivery: Online on Brightspace and fully asynchronous (Not CULearn see below) Winter 2021: January 11-April 14 Professor: Dr. Deidre Butler Email: [email protected] Online Office Hours: Online office hours Wednesdays 4:30 -5:30 pm details TBA on what system we will use on Brightspace. Also by appointment for online and telephone appointments at other times. Course Description: This 3000 level course explores Jewish life, law, and practice through the bodily experiences of food, sex and death in historical and contemporary perspectives. From kosher bacon to sex work to zombies in Jewish law this course will reflect on the body as a material site of the religious to target key questions around what it means to be human, holiness and the sacred, gender and sexuality, identity, otherness, and community, tradition and authority, and health and wellness. In religious studies we understand religion as a human phenomenon that we study from critical, historical, and evidence-based perspectives. Jewish bodily practices include ritual observance, commanded and prohibited behaviours, and cultural practices. These practices reflect the diversity of Judaism itself, lived by humans in specific times and places and experienced in particular cultural, social and political contexts. As such we will consider a range of Jewish bodily practices and experiences that are both historical and contemporary. Key questions include: How does -
Rav Mendel Weinbach זצ"ל Remembering Rav Mendel Weinbach , Zt”L on the First Yahrzeit
Rav Mendel Weinbach זצ"ל Remembering Rav Mendel Weinbach , zt”l On the First Yahrzeit Published by Ohr Somayach Institutions Jerusalem, Israel Published by Ohr SOmayach Tanenbaum College Gloria Martin Campus 22 Shimon Hatzadik Street, Maalot Daphna POB 18103, Jerusalem 91180, Israel Tel: +972-2-581-0315 Email: [email protected] • www.ohr.edu General Editor: Rabbi Moshe Newman Compiled and Edited by : Rabbi Richard Jacobs Editorial Assistant : Mrs. Rosalie Moriah Design and Production: Rabbi Eliezer Shapiro © 2013 - Ohr Somayach Institutions - All rights reserved First Printing - December 2013 Printed in Israel at Old City Press, Jerusalem The following pages represent our humble attempt to pay tribute to our beloved Rosh Hayeshiva, Hagaon HaRav Mendel Weinbach zt”l. Rav Weinbach wasn’t just our Rosh Hayeshiva. He was our father, mentor, advisor, friend, comrade and teacher. This volume is an opportunity for rabbis, staff, students, alumni and friends to share their memories and thoughts about a man who successfully dedicated his entire life to educating his fellow Jew. We hope this will give us an understanding of who Rav Weinbach zt”l was and what he meant to all who had the merit to know him and interact with him. One year has passed. We have come to an even greater awarness how immeasurable our loss is. But our consolation will be in fulfilling the continuity of his legacy of reaching out to our fellow Jews and bringing them closer to Torah. Yehi Zichro Baruch. A Memorial Tribute to Rabbi Mendel Weinbach, zt”l | 5| Chavrusah By RAv NOTA SCHIllER Shlit’a Editor’s Note: The memorial kennes was running late. -
Neturei Karta
Neturei Karta Author: Shanon Shah Published: 15th January 2021 Shanon Shah. "Neturei Karta." In James Crossley and Alastair Lockhart (eds.) Critical Dictionary of Apocalyptic and Millenarian Movements. 15 January 2021. Retrieved from www.cdamm.org/articles/neturei-karta. (First published 20 December 2017 censamm.org/resources/profiles/neturei-karta.) Summary of movement The Neturei Karta (‘Guardians of the City’ in Aramaic) is a relatively small movement within the milieu of anti-Zionist haredim (singular: haredi) or strictly Orthodox Jews. Although the millenarian idea that Zion – one of the Hebrew Bible’s names for Jerusalem – would be restored to the Jewish people is deeply ingrained in Jewish thought, the vast majority of religious Jews opposed the Zionist movement when it emerged in the late nineteenth century. They believed that the Jews would only return to their promised land by divine auspices and not through human intervention to ‘force the end’, which they considered sinful. The Neturei Karta was born within this backdrop of religious anti-Zionism. Founded in 1938, Jerusalem, it is controversial for its extreme opposition to the existence of the state of Israel, including by supporting the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO). It is infamous for making common cause with former Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, a notable Holocaust denier, and Louis Farrakhan, the leader of the Nation of Islam – an African American religious movement – who has often been accused of anti-Semitism. Although usually dismissed as a fringe phenomenon, the Neturei Karta’s beliefs provide a valuable perspective on the notion of millenarianism within Judaism and how this influences intra-Jewish politics. -
Glinert Shilhav
Language in Society 20, 59-86. Printed in the United States of America Holy land, holy language: A study of an Ultraorthodox Jewish ideology LEWIS GLINERT Department ofNear and Middle Eastern Studies School of Oriental & African Studies University of London YOSSEPH SHILHAV Department of Geography Bar llan University ABSTRACT This study explores the correlation between notions of language and ter ritory in the ideology of a present-day Ultraorthodox Jewish group, the Hasidim of Satmar, in the context of Jewish Ultraorthodoxy (Haredism) in general. This involves the present-day role of Yiddish vis-a-viS He brew. particularly in Israel. We first address the relative sanctity of a space that accommodates a closed Haredi lifestyle and of a language in which it is expressed, then contrast this with the absolute sanctity of the land of Israel and the language of Scripture both in their intensional (positive) and in their extensional (negative) dimensions, and finallyex amine the quasi-absolute sanctity with which the Yiddish language and Jewish habitat of Eastern Europe have been invested. Our conclusion is that three such cases of a parallel between linguistic and territorial ideology point to an intrinsic link. Indeed, the correlation of language and territory on the plane of quasi-absolute sanctity betokens an ongo ing, active ideological tie, rather than a set of worn, petrified values evoking mere lip-service. These notions of quasi-sanctity find many ech oes in reality: in the use of Yiddish and in the creation of a surrogate Eastern European lifestyle in the Haredi "ghettos." (Cultural geography, sociolinguistics, Judaism, Hasidism, religion, Israel, sociology of lan guage, Yiddish, sacred land, Hebrew, territory) ,This study addresses the ideology of a present-day Jewish Ultraorthodox l ,grouP.