Bedlam Burial Project Design CRL1-XRL-Z-RGN-CRG03-50002 Rev 2
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Learning Legacy Document Learning Legacy Document This document contains proprietary information. No part of this document may be reproduced without prior written consent from the chief executive of Crossrail Ltd. Document uncontrolled once printed. All controlled documents are saved on the CRL Document System © Crossrail Limited RESTRICTED Decal Template: CRL1-XRL-Z-ZTM-CR001-50018 Rev.1.0 Bedlam Burial Project Design CRL1-XRL-Z-RGN-CRG03-50002 Rev 2. Contents 1 Project outline ................................................................................................................3 1.1 Background: ......................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Aim of the project: ................................................................................................ 3 1.3 Method: ................................................................................................................. 3 1.4 Primary sources:................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Secondary Sources:.............................................................................................. 5 1.6 The scope of the project: ...................................................................................... 5 1.7 Outcome: .............................................................................................................. 5 2 Project management .....................................................................................................6 2.1 Volunteer recruitment: .......................................................................................... 6 2.2 Volunteer supervision:.......................................................................................... 6 2.3 Overall Project management: ............................................................................... 6 2.4 Data management and output: ............................................................................. 6 3 List of Parishes ............................................................................................................10 3.1 City of London .................................................................................................... 10 3.2 Without the City walls ......................................................................................... 13 3.3 Middlesex and Surrey ......................................................................................... 13 3.4 Westminster ........................................................................................................ 14 3.5 Other (not shown on the map) ............................................................................ 14 4 Bibliography .................................................................................................................14 4.1 Secondary literature on Bedlam burial ground/New Churchyard: ..................... 14 4.2 Death and the City in Post-Medieval Europe: ..................................................... 15 5 Figures and Photos .....................................................................................................18 6 Appendices ..................................................................................................................21 Learning Legacy Document Page 2 of 22 Document uncontrolled once printed. All controlled documents are saved on the CRL Document System © Crossrail Limited RESTRICTED Decal Template: CRL1-XRL-Z-ZTM-CR001-50018 Rev.1.0 Bedlam Burial Project Design CRL1-XRL-Z-RGN-CRG03-50002 Rev 2. 1 Project outline 1.1 Background: The Bedlam burial ground or ‘New Churchyard’ was established in 1569 by Lord Mayor Thomas Rowe, as an ‘overflow’ cemetery to help the parishes in the City cope with the overcrowding of their churchyards, due to outbreaks of the plague. The burial ground is well- known, because it was located next to Bethlem hospital for the mentally ill. Even though the hospital moved to Moorgate in 1676, the burial ground remained in use until sometime in the first quarter of the 18th century. The present location of the burial ground is below the Western End of Liverpool Street (Fig. 2&3). The Crossrail project is going to connect east and west London with a 21 km long train tunnel running underneath the city. A new Crossrail ticket hall at Liverpool Street will require an excavation of a large part of the Bedlam burial ground in the beginning of 2015. Parts of this burial ground have already been excavated in 1985 (Fig. 4) and more recently in 2012. The 2015 excavation shall be carried out by Crossrail working with Museum of London Archaeology (MoLA) and is expected to recover around 3000 interments from this post-medieval burial ground. 1.2 Aim of the project: The identification of interred individuals is difficult, because the Bedlam burial ground was an extra-parochial burial ground and therefore did not have its own parish register and burial record. The individual parishes recorded the burial of their parishioners in their own records, even if they were buried somewhere else (Fig. 5). The excavations in 1985 and 2012 have also found few surviving grave markers or readable coffin plates to aid the identification process (Fig. 6). Hence, this project aims to compile a burial register for the Bedlam burial ground in order to find out who was buried there and where they came from. The knowledge generated from this project will be a useful source of reference for future excavation and research. Furthermore, this is a great opportunity for people to become involved in the archaeological excavations brought about by the Crossrail project. 1.3 Method: The project is proposed to be a crowd-sourced volunteer project led by the archaeology team intern at Crossrail. The project will bring together people, who are interested and motivated to study the various parish records for references to the Bedlam Burial ground/New Churchyard. Working together will not only make the task less daunting, it will also give people the opportunityLearning to learn from each otherLegacy about relevant research Document areas such as history, archaeology, genealogy, palaeography etc. Volunteers will not need any prior knowledge to participate in this research project, as they will receive guidance and introductory training on important aspects such as working with manuscripts, palaeography, the use of databases etc. There will be an online forum on the Crossrail website, where the volunteers can enter their findings into the database, discuss Page 3 of 22 Document uncontrolled once printed. All controlled documents are saved on the CRL Document System © Crossrail Limited RESTRICTED Decal Template: CRL1-XRL-Z-ZTM-CR001-50018 Rev.1.0 Bedlam Burial Project Design CRL1-XRL-Z-RGN-CRG03-50002 Rev 2. issues and get in touch with each other. (https://comms.crossrail.co.uk/connect.ti/CrossrailBedlamBurialRegister) Excel forms and hardcopies of the database will also be available to the volunteers in case they would like to work offline. These can be posted to Marit Leenstra at Desk R1/15, Floor 29, 25 Canada Square, London E14 5LQ or e-mailed to [email protected]. It is envisioned that each volunteer will focus on a number of parish records, which he/she will study in detail for references to the Bedlam burial ground/New Churchyard. The parishes will be divided fairly in discussion with the volunteers, as some may want to experience working in the different London archives and others might prefer working from home using the Ancestry.com website. The volunteers are encouraged to further explore the data and use it for additional research if they please eg. Trace ancestors, cross-reference the Bethlem hospital records with the bedlam burial database, study wills, Vestry minutes etc. The results can be sent to Crossrail where they can be used by the team who will analyse the excavation data to add valuable detail to the final reports. 1.4 Primary sources: Most London parish records are held by the London Metropolitan Archives (LMA) in Clerkenwell. It is free to apply for a history card to access the LMA. Moreover, the LMA cooperates with Ancestry.co.uk and has scanned most of its manuscripts. Ancestry.co.uk is available for free use on-site in the LMA and for a subscription fee off-site. For volunteers, who are not able to access the LMA, Crossrail will be able to fund a month’s subscription to Ancestry, so that they can work from home as well. Manuscripts that have not been scanned are available on microfilm at the LMA. The Harleian Society has transcribed and published many of London’s parish records and some of these are now digitised and freely available online (http://www.heraldry- online.org.uk/HarleianPublications2.htm). The ones that have not been digitised are available in book form at the LMA in their reference section. Some of the records for Westminster parishes are held by the Westminster Archive Centre (WAC) and are available on microfilm. It is also free to sign up for the Westminster Libraries and Archives. The burial records of the City of Westminster before 1800 have not been digitised and hence the manuscripts/microfilm can only be consulted from the WAC. The LMA, Ancestry.com and WAC will be the main sources for accessing the parish burial records. The National Archives, British Library and Wellcome Trust might hold relevant information on burial practices and general background information on the site, but we will only consult these sources